The Politics of Poiish Industr'
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The Pol-Itical Programmes of the Polish O¡Rposition, 1976-1980
The Pol-itical Programmes of the Polish O¡rposition, 1976-1980 A Thesi.s Submitted to The Department of Potitical Studies FacuJ-tY of Graduate Studies UniversitY of Manitoba in Partial- FuIfil-Iment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts by Mrrostaw Kokot 6029r47 June 199I Bibliothèque nationale ffi@ffi )'*îå'oTo*' du Canada Acquisitions and Direction des acquisitions et Bibliographic Services Branch des services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Well¡ngton Ottawa, Ontario Ottawa (Ontario) K1A ON4 K1A ON4 Yout lile Volre éléence Oú lile Nolrc Élérence The author has granted an ü-'auteur a accordé une licence lrrevocable non-exclus¡ve licence irrévocable et non exclus¡ve allowing the htational Library of permettant à la Bibliothèque Canada to reproduce, loan, nationale du Canada de distribute or sell cop¡es of reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou his/her thesis by any means and vendre des copies de sa thèse in any form or format, rnaking de quelque manière et sous this thesis available to interested quelque forme que ce soit pour persons. mettre des exemplaires de cette thèse à la disposition des personnes intéressées. The author retains ownership of !-'auteur conserve la propriété du the copyright in his/her thesis. droit d'auteur qui protège sa lüeither the thesis nor substantial thèse. Ni la thèse ni des extraits extracts from it may be printed or substantiels de celle-ci ne otherwise reproduced without doivent être imprimés ou his/her permission. autrement reproduits sans son autorisation. tsBÞi 0-315-77?28-4 Cas?ada THE POLITICAL PROGRA}OÍES OF THE POLISH 0PP0SïTrON, 1976-1980 BY MIROSLAI^/ KOKOT A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of the University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS @ 1992 Permission has been granted to the LIBRARY OF THE tiNIvERSITy OF MANITOBA to lend or sell copies of this thesis to the NATIONÄL LIBRARY OF CANADA to microfïtm this thesis and to lend or sell copies of the fîlrn, and TTNIVERSITY MTCROFILMS to publish an abstract of this thesis. -
Flying Universities: Educational Movements in Poland 1882-1905 and 1977-1981, a Socio-Historical Analysis
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 8-1997 Flying Universities: Educational Movements in Poland 1882-1905 and 1977-1981, a Socio-Historical Analysis Gregory A. Lukasik Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons, and the Educational Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Lukasik, Gregory A., "Flying Universities: Educational Movements in Poland 1882-1905 and 1977-1981, a Socio-Historical Analysis" (1997). Master's Theses. 3379. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3379 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLYING UNIVERSITIES: EDUCATIONAL MOVEMENTS IN POLAND 1882-1905 AND 1977-1981, A SOCIO-HISTORICAL ANALYSIS by Gregory A. Lukasik A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements forthe Degree of Master of Arts Department of Sociology West em Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 1997 FL YING UNIVERSITIES: EDUCATIONAL MOVEl\.,ffiNTSIN POLAND 1882-1905 AND 1977-1981, A SOCIO-HISTORICAL ANALYSIS Gregory A. Lukasik, M.A. WesternMichigan University, 1997 In Poland in 1977, a group of intellectuals formed an independent educational enterprise under the name "Flying University." Interestingly, the original "Flying University" was organized by a group of radical professorsnearly a century earlier, at a time when the Polish state disappeared fromthe political map of Europe. I was interested in seeing whether the two were the same, as their common name would suggest, or if they differedin any respect. -
Implementation of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe: Findings and Recommendations Seven Years After Helsinki
97th Congress 2d Session I COMMITTEE PRINT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FINAL ACT OF THE CONFERENCE ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE: FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS SEVEN YEARS AFTER HELSINKI REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES BY THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE NOVEMBER 1982 Printed for the use of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 13-370 0 WASHINGTON: 1982 COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE Room 237, House Annex i2 U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 REP. DANTE B. FASCELL, D-Florida, Chairman SEN. ROBERT DOLE, R-Kansas, Co-Chairman SEN. ORRIN HATCH (R-UT) REP. SIDNEY YATES, (D-IL) SEN. JOHN HEINZ, (R-PA) REP. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, (D-NY) SEN. ALFONSE D'AMATO, (R-NY) REP. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH, (D-CO) SEN. CLAIBORNE PELL, (D-RI) REP. MILLICENT FENWICK (R-NJ) SEN. PATRICK J. LEAHY (D-VT) REP. DON RITTER (R-PA) Executive Branch Commissioners THE HONORABLE ELLIOTT ABRAMS, Department of State THE HONORABLE RICHARD NORMAN PERLE, Department of Defense THE HONORABLE WILLIAM H. MORRIS, JR., Department of Commerce Commission Staff R. SPENCER OLIVER, Staff Director and General Counsel SAMUEL G. WISE, Deputy Staff Director MICHAEL J. PACKARD, Deputy Staff Director CHRISTOPHER BRESCIA, Staff Ass't. LESLIE JONES FARRELL, Librarian DEBORAH BURNS, Office Manager JOHN J. FINERTY, Staff Ass't. CATHERINE COSMAN, Staff Ass't. HERBERT B. MOLLER, Jr., Consultant LYNNE DAVIDSON, Staff Ass't. YALE W. RICHMOND, Consultant OREST DEYCHAKIWSKY, Staff Ass't. JOHN L. SANDSTROM, Press Officer MEG DONOVAN, Staff Ass't. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS February 4, 1976 Company Wlll Recover the Additional Costs
2408. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 4, 1976 company wlll recover the additional costs .. (c) For purposes of this section: or who 1s entitled to benefits based on the for natural gas incurred by such company "(1) The term "local natural gas com attainment of a spec1fled age under title II as a. resul·t of increases in the price such pany• means any person (including any gov of the Social. Security Act. company pays for new natural gas and that ernmental entity) which purchases na.tural .. (3) The term •regulatory authority' the rates and and charges applicable to other tneans a State regulatory authority or a Fed classes of users of natural gas suppUed by ga.s from a natural gas company for trans eral regulatory authority. The Commission such company cannot reasonably be in portation, local distribution, and resale of shall be deemed to be the regulatory au creased to cover the full amount of such ad natural ga.s users. Such term does not in thority for purposes of subsection (b) if a ditional costs for new natural ga.s incurred clude a natura.l ga.s company. State agency or a Federal agency which 1s a by such local natural ga.s company a.fter the "(2) The term •senior citizen' means an local natural gas company has ratemaking effective date of this section. individual who is 65 yeaN of age or older authority with respect to its own rates." EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS PHILIP CAPUTO NIGHT and brutish of assignments in this cen During the past several years, the title tury's growing list of miniconfllcts." At VII program has grown in popularity. -
KH2018 Ang2-II
Kwartalnik Historyczny Vol. CXXV, 2018 Eng.-Language Edition no. 2, pp. 87–110 PL ISSN 0023-5903 JAN SKÓRZYŃSKI Collegium Civitas, Warsaw KOR AND ITS MODEL OF RESISTANCE. STUDY OF DISSENT AND OPPOSITION IN THE COMMUNIST POLAND Abstract: Social attitudes toward communism in Poland encompassed the whole spectrum of attitudes, from affirmation, through adaptation, to resistance and dis- sent. The most developed and institutionalized form of dissent was the opposition movement. Komitet Obrony Robotników (Workers’ Defence Committee), later trans- formed into the Social Self-Defence Committee ‘KOR’ was a new of type opposition against the communist regime; it created a political alternative and new methods of system contestation, which were followed by other groups in the democratic opposi- tion in the 1970s. The main features of the KOR opposition model are: openness, act- ing without violence, absence of hierarchic organization, decentralization, legalism, solidarity, specified social objectives, political self-limitation, ethical radicalism, plu- ralism and civic virtue. Keywords: dissent, opposition, communism, resistance, dissidence, Polish People’s Republic (PRL). Resistance, dissent, opposition 1 What is opposition in a non-democratic regime? What was the opposi- tion in communist Poland? There are numerous attempts in the scholarly literature to describe this phenomenon more precisely. Before I present 1 I use this term because I do not intend to resolve in this article the dispute among Polish historians and political scientists about totalitarian or authoritarian na- ture of the political system in Poland ruled by the communists (the abbreviation of the official name of the state — PRL is used to describe this historical period). -
European Socialist Regimes' Fateful Engagement
European Socialist Regimes’ Fateful Engagement with the West This edited volume analyses European socialist countries’ strategy of engagement with the West and the European Economic Community in the “long 1970s”. The book focuses on a time when the socialist regimes of Central and Eastern Europe banked their hopes for prosperity and stability on enhanced relations with the West. Crossing the traditional differences among diverse fields of historiography, it assesses the complex influence of European and global processes of transformation on the socialist elites’ reading of the international political and economic environment and their consequent decision-making. The volume also explores the debate in each country among and within the elites involved in policymaking as they elaborated this strategic view and coped with shortcomings and unexpected turns. A comparative analysis of national cases shows a shared logic and common patterns, together with national variations and a plurality of views on the desirability of exchanges with their capitalist neighbours and on the ways to promote them. The multinational coverage of seven countries makes this volume a starting point for anyone interested in each socialist state’s foreign policy, intra-bloc relations, economic strategy, transformation and collapse, relations with the European Community and access to the EU. This book will be of much interest to students and researchers of Cold War studies, European history, and international relations. Angela Romano is Lecturer of International Political Economy, University of Glasgow, UK. Federico Romero is Professor of Post-War European Cooperation and Integration, and Dean of Research at the European University Institute, Italy. Cold War History Series Editors: Odd Arne Westad John F. -
Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956
Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956 By Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor John Connelly, chair Professor Yuri Slezkine Professor Jason Wittenberg Spring 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth All Rights Reserved. Abstract Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956 by Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor John Connelly, Chair This dissertation addresses the quandary of how the law can serve many different purposes and yet not the one we most closely associate it with – justice. Specifically, it examines how Poland, renowned as Europe’s only occupied country “without a Quisling,” confronted the paradox of otherwise upstanding citizens who betrayed, robbed, and murdered tens of thousands of their Jewish neighbors in hiding during the Nazi occupation. Far from being a footnote, the machinations over the fate of the defendants – in Poland and throughout Europe – were central to the negotiation of a new social contract in the wake of the war’s ethnic cleansing and property transfer. As a rare venue not corrupted by the Stalinization overtaking Poland, the judicial system held the trials in accordance with high European standards. But with the public awaiting absolution, the hated Soviet-backed government hoping to win a degree of legitimacy, and the few surviving Jewish voices marginalized by resurgent anti-Semitism, debates over the law gradually became vehicles for the expression of colonial anxieties and the establishment of a hierarchy of victimhood. -
European Socialist Regimes' Fateful Engagement with the West; National Strategies in the Long 1970S
4 From ‘Economic Miracle’ to the ‘Sick Man of the Socialist Camp’ Poland and the West in the 1970s Aleksandra Komornicka The 1970s were a particular decade in Polish history. In December 1970, an economic and political crisis resulting from price increases led to the dismissal of Władysław Gomułka as head of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PUWP) and the appointment of a new leadership. Edward Gierek’s takeover of power symbolised a new beginning and hope for constructive reforms in Poland. Nev- ertheless, ten years later in August 1980, Gierek and his political agenda were also dismissed in a context of economic and political crisis. However, despite some similarities, Poland’s situation in the summer of 1980 was very different to that before Christmas in 1970. Strikes were no longer spontaneous worker demonstrations but instead a coordinated cross-country movement supported by powerful dissident organisations. Moreover, this time the protesters demanded not only an improvement in economic and labour conditions but also human rights, such as freedom of speech, which the socialist regimes had committed to respecting in the Final Act of the CSCE, signed in August 1975. The economic situation which underlaid the political upheaval was additionally complicated by $22 billion in debts owed to Western creditors which had accumulated over the previous ten years. Unlike in 1970, the crisis could hardly be explained without considering Western influence or be handled independently of Western actors. The ties between socialist Poland and the -
In Search of Faith: the Metaphysical Dialogue Between Poland's Opposition Intellectuals in the 1970S
Religion, State and Society, Vo!. 23, No. 1, 1995 In Search of Faith: the Metaphysical Dialogue Between Poland's Opposition Intellectuals in the 1970s JONATHAN LUXMOORE and JOLANTA BABIUCH Introduction Since the communist system collapsed in 1989, the parting of ways between former friends and allies in opposition has been a prominent feature throughout Eastern Europe. Under the impact of political and economic change, previous beliefs and values have been questioned, and the assumptions and premises underlying past resistance subjected to sceptical, often cynical, reappraisal. What is certain, however, is that the overthrow of the communist system in the 1980s presupposed a united opposition, and that this owed a great deal in turn to the common ground achieved by diverse opposition figures during the previous decade. In Poland, the Solidarity union could look to the consensus of objectives and prin ciples forged by intellectual discussions since the early 1970s, which had born fruit in the emergence in 1976 of the 'Komitet Obrony Robotnik6w' (KOR) (Committee to Defend the Workers), communist-ruled Eastern Europe's first organised opposi tion group. Sure enough, this process of encounter and rapprochement affected only a small core of dissidents. But most boasted the potential at the time to exert an influence within their respective milieux, and have since enjoyed an importance far outweigh ing their actual numbers. Today, for the first time since democracy returned to Poland, questions are being asked about what happened to the shared ethos embodied in Solidarity, to the norma tive values and common principles which were once so tenaciously defended. -
Zbigniew Herbert - Poems
Classic Poetry Series Zbigniew Herbert - poems - Publication Date: 2004 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Zbigniew Herbert(29 October 1924 – 28 July 1998) a Polish poet, essayist, drama writer, author of plays, and moralist. A member of the Polish resistance movement, Home Army (AK), during World War II, he is one of the best known and the most translated post-war Polish writers. While he was first published in the 1950's (a volume titled String of light was issued in 1956), soon after he voluntarily ceased submitting most of his works to official Polish government publications. He resumed publication in the 1980's, initially in the underground press. He was a distant relative of the 17th century poet George Herbert. Herbert was educated as an economist and a lawyer. Herbert was one of the main poets of the Polish opposition to communism. Starting in 1986, he lived in Paris, where he cooperated with the journal Zeszyty Literackie. He came back to Poland in 1992. On 1 July 2007 the Polish Government instituted 2008 as the Year of Zbigniew Herbert. Biography 1924–1956 The Herberts probably had some English roots and they came to Galicia from Vienna. The poet’s father, Bolesław (half-blooded Armenian), was a soldier in the Polish Legions during World War I and a defender of Lwów; he was a lawyer and worked as a bank manager. Herbert’s grandfather was an English language teacher. Zbigniew’s mother, Maria, came from the Kaniaków family. Before the war Zbigniew Herbert attended the Państwowe VIII Gimnazjum i Liceum im.