Appendix 4: Flora Known to Occur on Fort Drum

LIST OF FLORA KNOWN TO OCCUR ON FORT DRUM as of January 2017. An asterisk indicates an introduced species. recognized as rare by the NY Natural Heritage are given rarity rankings after common name if appropriate. (State Rank includes: S1 = 5 or fewer sites in NYS; S2 = 6-20 sites; S3 = 21-35 sites; SH = historical record only; SX = apparently extirpated. Global Rank includes: G1 = 5 or fewer sites throughout its range; G2 = 6-20 sites; G3 = 21-100 sites or a restricted range; G4 = apparently secure throughout its range but possibly rare in parts; G5 = demonstrably secure but possibly rare in parts; T? = status of the species unknown.)

FERNS AND ALLIES Woodsia ilvensis Woodsia, Rusty Adiantum pedatum Fern, Maidenhair Woodwardia virginica Chain Fern, Asplenium platyneuron Spleenwort, Ebony Asplenium rhizophyllum Fern, Walking GRASSES, SEDGES, AND RUSHES (GRAMINOIDS) Asplenium trichomanes Spleenwort, Maidenhair *Agrostis capillaris Bent, Colonial Athyrium angustum Fern, Lady *Agrostis gigantea Redtop; Black bent Botrychium dissectum Grape fern, Cut-leaved Agrostis perennans Bent, Autumn or Upland Botrychium lanceolatum Grape fern, Lance- Agrostis scabra Bentgrass; Hairgrass Botrychium multifidum Grape fern, Leathery Agrostis stolonifera Bent, Creeping or Carpet Botrychium simplex Moonwort, Least Alopecurus aequalis Foxtail, Short-awn Botrypus virginianus Fern, Rattlesnake Ammophila breviligulata Beachgrass Cystopteris bulbifera Fern, Bulblet Bladder Andropogon gerardii Bluestem, Big Cystopteris fragilis Fern, Common Fragile Andropogon virginicus Broom-sedge Dendrolycopodium Clubmoss, Northern Anthoxanthum nitens Sweetgrass, Indian dendroideum Tree *Anthoxanthum odoratum Vernalgrass, Sweet Dendrolycopodium hickeyi Clubmoss, Hickey's *Arrhenatherum elatius Oatgrass, Tall Dendrolycopodium obscurum Clubmoss, Tree *Beckmannia syzigachne Slough Grass, American Dennstaedtia punctilobula Fern, Hay-scented Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Bulrush, River Deparia acrostichoides Spleenwort, Silvery Brachyelytrum septentrionale Shorthusk, Northern Diphasiastrum complanatum Cedar, Ground G5 S1 Bromus ciliatus Brome, Fringed Diphasiastrum digitatum Groundcedar; Running- *Bromus hordeaceus Chess, Soft Pine *Bromus inermis Brome, Smooth Diphasiastrum tristachyum Ground Cedar *Bromus tectorum Chess, Downy Dryopteris carthusiana fern, Spinulose Bulbostylis capillaris Sand-rush Dryopteris clintoniana Fern, Clinton's Shield Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint, Canada Dryopteris cristata Wood fern, Crested Calamagrostis stricta Reedgrass G5 S2 Dryopteris goldiana Fern, Goldie's inexpansa Dryopteris intermedia Fern, Fancy Carex albursina Sedge Dryopteris marginalis Wood fern, Marginal Carex alopecoidea Sedge, Fox-like Equisetum arvense Horsetail, Field Carex annectens Sedge, Connecting Equisetum fluviatile Horsetail, Water Carex aquatilis Sedge, Aquatic Equisetum hyemale affine Scouring Rush Carex arctata Sedge, Compressed Equisetum sylvaticum Horsetail, Wood Carex argyrantha Sedge, Silver Equisetum variegatum Horsetail, Variegated Carex aurea Sedge, Golden Gymnocarpium dryopteris Fern, Oak Carex baileyi Sedge, Bailey's Homalosorus pycnocarpos Fern, Glade Carex bebbii Sedge, Bebb's Huperzia lucidula Firmoss, Shining Carex billingsii Sedge, Billings’ Lycopodiella inundata Clubmoss, Bog Carex blanda Sedge, Charming Lycopodium clavatum Clubmoss, Staghorn Carex bromoides Sedge, Brome-like Lycopodium lagopus Clubmoss, One-cone Carex brunnescens Sedge, Brownish Matteuccia struthiopteris Fern, Ostrich Carex buxbaumii Sedge G5 S2 Onoclea sensibilis Fern, Sensitive Carex canescens Sedge, Silvery claytoniana Fern, Interrupted Carex cephaloidea Sedge, Head-like Osmunda spectabilis Fern, Royal Carex communis Sedge, Common Fern, Cinnamon Carex comosa Sedge, Bearded cinnamomeum Carex conoidea Sedge, Cone-shaped Parathelypteris Fern, Carex crawfordii Sedge, Crawford’s noveboracensis Carex crinita Sedge, Fringed Phegopteris connectilis Fern, Long Beech Carex cristatella Sedge, Small-crested Phegopteris hexagonoptera Fern, Broad Beech Carex cryptolepis Sedge, Fertile yellow Polypodium virginianum Polypody, Common G4 S3 Polystichum acrostichoides Fern, Christmas Carex debilis var. rudgei Sedge, Weak Pteridium aquilinum Fern, Bracken Carex deflexa Sedge, Deflexed Spinulum annotinum Clubmoss, Bristly Carex deweyana Sedge, Dewey's Thelypteris palustris Fern, Marsh Carex diandra Sedge, Two-stamened

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 1 Carex disperma Sedge, Two-seeded Carex woodii Sedge, Wood's Carex eburnea Sedge, Ivory Cinna arundinacea Woodreed, Stout Carex echinata Sedge, Prickly Cinna latifolia Woodreed, Drooping Carex flava Sedge, Yellow Cladium mariscoides Bog-rush; Twig-rush Carex folliculata Sedge Cyperus bipartitus Cyperus; Flat sedge Carex gracillima Sedge, Filiform Cyperus houghtonii Cyperus; Flat sedge Carex granularis Sedge, Granular G4? S3 Carex gynandra Sedge Cyperus lupulinus macilentus Cyperus; Flat sedge Carex hirtifolia Sedge, Hairy-leaved Cyperus schweinitzii Cyperus; Flat sedge Carex hitchcockiana Sedge G5 S3 G5 S2S3 Carex houghtoniana Sedge, Houghton's Cyperus strigosus Galingale, Umbrella G5 S2 sedge Carex hystericina Sedge, Porcupine *Dactylis glomerata Grass, Orchard Carex interior Sedge, Inland Danthonia compressa Oatgrass, Northern Carex intumescens Sedge, Bladder Danthonia spicata Grass, Poverty Carex lacustris Sedge, Lake Deschampsia flexuosa Hairgrass, Common Carex laevivaginata Sedge, Smooth- Dichanthelium acuminatum Grass, Hairy panic Sheathed Dichanthelium clandestinum Grass, Deer-tongue Carex lasiocarpa Sedge, Villose Dichanthelium depauperatum Grass, Poverty Panic Carex laxiculmis Sedge, Loose-culmed Dichanthelium dichotomum Grass, Smooth Panic Carex laxiflora Sedge, Loosely Dichanthelium linearifolium Grass, Panic Flowered Dichanthelium xanthophysum Grass, Panic Carex lenticularis Sedge, Lens-Shaped Digitaria cognatum Witchgrass, Fall Carex leptalea Sedge, Delicate *Digitaria ischaemum Crabgrass, Smooth Carex leptonervia Sedge, Finely Nerved *Digitaria sanguinalis Crabgrass, Tall Carex limosa Sedge Dulichium arundinaceum Sedge, Three-way Carex lucorum Sedge *Echinochloa crusgalli Grass, Barnyard Carex lupulina Sedge, Hop Echinochloa muricata Grass, Cockspur Carex lurida Sedge, Shining Eleocharis acicularis Spikerush; Hairgrass Carex michauxiana Sedge, Michaux's Eleocharis elliptica Spikerush, Slender Carex normalis Sedge, Right-angled Eleocharis erythropoda Spikerush Carex novae-angliae Sedge, New England Eleocharis intermedia Spikerush Carex oligosperma Sedge, Few-Seeded Eleocharis obtusa Spikerush, Blunt G4 S3 Eleocharis palustris Spikerush, Creeping Carex ormostachya Sedge hystrix Bottlebrush Carex pallescens Sedge, Pale Elymus riparius Wild-rye, Marsh Carex paupercula var. irrigua Sedge, Stunted Elymus trachycaulus Wheatgrass, Slender Carex peckii Sedge, Peck's Elymus virginicus Wild-rye, Virginia Carex pedunculata Sedge, Peduncled *Elymus repens Quackgrass, Witch-grass Carex pellita Sedge, Wooly Eragrostis frankii Lacegrass Carex pensylvanica Sedge *Eragrostis minor Lovegrass Carex plantaginea Sedge, Plantain leaved Eragrostis pectinacea Lovegrass Carex platyphylla Sedge, Broad-leaved Eragrostis spectabilis Lovegrass, Purple Carex projecta Sedge, Spreading Eriophorum vaginatum Cottongrass Carex pseudocyperus Sedge, Cyperus-like ssp. spissum Carex radiata Sedge, Radiate Eriophorum virginicum Cottongrass, Tawny Carex retrorsa Sedge, Retrorse *Festuca rubra Fescue, Red Carex rosea Sedge, Stellate Festuca subverticillata Fescue, Nodding Carex rostrata var. utriculata Sedge, Beaked *Festuca trachyphylla Fescue, Sheep Carex rugosperma Sedge Glyceria borealis Mannagrass, Northern Carex scabrata Sedge, Rough Glyceria canadensis Grass, Rattlesnake Carex scoparia Sedge, Broom Glyceria grandis Meadowgrass, Reed Carex sparganioides Sedge, Sparganium-like Glyceria melicaria Mannagrass, Slender Carex sprengelii Sedge, Sprengel's Glyceria septentrionalis Mannagrass, Floating Carex stipata Sedge, Stipitate Glyceria striata Mannagrass, Fowl or Crowded *Holcus lanatus Grass, Velvet Carex stricta Sedge, Tussock *Hordeum jubatum Grass, Squirrel-tail Carex swanii Sedge, Swan's Juncus acuminatus Rush, Sharp-fruited Carex tenera Sedge, Slender Juncus alpinoarticulatus Rush, Alpine Carex tonsa Sedge Juncus articulatus Rush, Jointed Carex tribuloides Sedge, Blunt Broom Juncus brevicaudatus Rush, Narrow-panicled Carex trisperma Sedge, Three-seeded Juncus bufonius Toad-rush Carex tuckermanii Sedge, Tuckerman's Juncus canadensis Rush, Marsh Carex umbellata Sedge, Umbel-bearing Juncus dudleyi Rush, Dudley's Carex vesicaria Sedge, Bladdery Juncus effusus var. solutus Rush, Soft; Candle-rush Carex virescens Sedge, Greenish Juncus marginatus Rush, Grass-leaved Carex viridula Sedge, Greenish Juncus militaris Rush, Bayonet Carex vulpinoidea Sedge, Fox Juncus nodosus Knot-rush Carex willdenowii Willdenow's sedge Juncus pelocarpus Rush, Brown-fruited G5 S2S3 Juncus tenuis Path-rush

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 2 Juncus torreyi Rush, Torrey’s Ageratina altissima Snakeroot, White Leersia oryzoides Cutgrass, Rice Agrimonia gryposepala Agrimony Leersia virginica Whitegrass; Cutgrass Agrimonia striata Agrimony * Ryegrass, English Alisma triviale Water-plantain Luzula acuminata Woodrush Alisma subcordatum Water-plantain Luzula campestris multiflora Woodrush, Field *Alliaria petiolata Mustard, Garlic Milium effusum Milletgrass Allium canadense Garlic, Wild; Wild onion Mühlenbergia frondosa Muhly, Wirestem *Allium schoenoprasum Chives, Wild Mühlenbergia glomerata Timothy, Marsh Allium tricoccum Leek, Wild; Ramp Mühlenbergia mexicana Satin-grass; Muhly *Alyssum alyssoides Alyssum Mühlenbergia uniflora Muhly Amaranthus retroflexus Amaranth, Red-rooted Oryzopsis asperifolia Ricegrass, Spreading Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ragweed Panicum boreale Grass, Northern panic Amphicarpaea bracteata Hog peanut G5 S3 Anaphalis margaritacea Everlasting, Pearly Panicum capillare Witchgrass Anemone canadensis Anemone, Canada Panicum philadelphicum Grass, Panic Anemone quinquefolia Anemone, Wood Panicum villosissimum Grass, Panic Anemone virginiana Thimbleweed G5 S3? Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes; Everlasting Panicum virgatum Switchgrass Antennaria plantaginifolia Pussytoes; Everlasting Patis racemosa Ricegrass Apios americana Groundnut, Wild bean Phalaris arundinacea Canary-grass, Reed Apocynum androsaemifolium Dogbane, Rosy *Phleum pratense Timothy Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp, Dogbane *Phragmites australis Reed, Common Aquilegia canadensis Columbine, Red Piptatheropsis pungens Ricegrass, Small *Aquilegia vulgaris Columbine, Purple Poa alsodes Bluegrass, Woodland Aralia hispida Sarsaparilla, Bristly *Poa annua Bluegrass, Annual Aralia nudicaulis Sarsaparilla, Wild *Poa compressa Bluegrass, Canada Aralia racemosa Spikenard Poa palustris Bluegrass, Fowl *Arctium lappa Burdock, Great *Poa pratensis Bluegrass, Kentucky *Arctium minus Burdock, Common Poa saltuensis Bluegrass, Old-pasture *Arenaria serpyllifolia Sandwort, Thyme-leaved *Poa trivialis Bluegrass, Rough Arethusa bulbosa Swamp Pink G4 S2 Rhynchospora alba Beakrush, White Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-Pulpit Rhynchospora capitellata Beakrush *Artemisia absinthium Wormwood; Absinthe *Schedonorus arundinaceus Fescue, Tall; *Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort; Felon-herb Reed fescue Asarum canadense Wild Ginger *Schedonorus pratensis Fescue, Meadow Asclepias incarnata Milkweed, Swamp Schizachne purpurascens Melic, False Asclepias syriaca Milkweed, Common Schizachyrium scoparium Blue-stem, Little Asclepias tuberosa Milkweed, Butterfly Schoenoplectus acutus Bulrush, Hard-stem *Asparagus officinalis Asparagus Scirpus atrovirens Bulrush Aster puniceus var. firmus Aster, Cornel-leaf Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass; Bulrush *Barbarea vulgaris Rocket, Yellow Scirpus hattorianus Bulrush *Berteroa incana Alyssum, Hoary Scirpus microcarpus Bulrush *Bidens aristosa Beggar-ticks, Midwestern Scirpus pendulus Bulrush Bidens beckii Water-marigold, Beck’s Schoenoplectus subterminalis Clubrush G4G5 S3 Schoenoplectus Bulrush, Soft-stem; Tule Bidens cernua Bur-marigold tabernaemontani Bidens connata Beggar-ticks; Stick-tights *Setaria italica Millet, Foxtail Bidens frondosa Beggar-ticks, Stick-tight *Setaria pumila Foxtail; Pigeongrass *Bidens tripartita Beggar-ticks, Stick-tight *Setaria viridis Foxtail, Green Bidens vulgata Beggar-ticks, Stick-tight Sorghastrum nutans Grass, Indian Blitum capitatum Strawberry-blight Spartina pectinata Cordgrass, Freshwater Boechera stricta Rock-cress, Drummond’s Sphenopholis obtusata major Wedgegrass, Prairie G5 S2 *Sporobolus cryptandrus Dropseed, Sand Boehmeria cylindrica False-nettle Sporobolus neglectus Poverty-grass Brasenia schreberi Water-shield Sporobolus vaginiflorus Poverty-grass *Brassica juncea Mustard, Brown or Indian Trichophorum alpinum Cottongrass, Alpine Calla palustris Calla; Water Arum Callitriche heterophylla Water-Starwort HERBACEOUS (NON-GRAMINOID) PLANTS Callitriche palustris Water-Starwort *Abutilon theophrasti Velvetleaf Calopogon tuberosus Grass Pink Acalypha virginica Mercury, Three-seeded Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold *Achillea millefolium Yarrow Calystegia sepium Bindweed, Hedge *Achillea ptarmica Sneezeweed Calystegia spithamea Bindweed, Low Acorus americanus Sweet flag Campanula aparinoides Bellflower, Marsh Actaea pachypoda Baneberry, White *Campanula rapunculoides Bellflower Actaea rubra Baneberry, Red Campanula rotundifolia Bluebell Actaea x ludovici Baneberry Capnoides sempervirens Corydalis, Pink *Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed, Goat's Foot *Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse Agalinis tenuifolia Gerardia; False-foxglove Cardamine concatenata Toothwort, Cut-leaved Agalinis tenuifolia parviflora Gerardia. False fox-glove Cardamine diphylla Crinkleroot, Toothwort

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 3 Cardamine pensylvanica Bittercress, Echinocystis lobata Cucumber, Wild Cardamine pratensis Cuckoo- *Echium vulgare Vipers bugloss, Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh Blueweed *Centaurea jacea Knapweed, Brown Elodea canadensis Waterweed; Elodea *Centaurea stoebe Knapweed, Bushy Epifagus virginiana Beech-drops micranthos Epilobium ciliatum Willow-herb *Centaurea nigra Knapweed, Black Epilobium coloratum Willow-herb *Centaurium erythraea Centaury *Epilobium hirsutum Willow-herb *Cerastium arvense Chickweed, Field Epilobium leptophyllum Willow-herb *Cerastium fontanum Chickweed, *Epipactis helleborine Helleborine; Mouse-eared Weed-orchid Cerastium nutans Chickweed, Nodding Erigeron annuus Daisy Fleabane Ceratophyllum demersum Coontail Erigeron canadensis Horseweed Ceratophyllum echinatum Hornwort G4? S3 Erigeron philadelphicus Daisy Fleabane *Chaenorrhinum minus Snapdragon, Dwarf Erigeron strigosus Daisy Fleabane Chamaenerion angustifolium Fireweed Eriocaulon aquaticum Pipewort; Hatpins *Chelidonium majus Celandine, Greater *Erysimum cheiranthoides Mustard, Wormseed Chelone glabra Turtlehead Erythronium americanum Troutlily; Dog-tooth violet *Chenopodium album Lamb's Quarters Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset Chenopodiastrum simplex Goosefoot, Maple-leaf Eutrochium maculatum Joe Pye Weed Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa, Prince's *Euphorbia esula Spurge, Leafy; Pine Wolf's Milk Chrysosplenium americanum Saxifrage, Golden Euphorbia maculate Spurge; Spotted *Cichorium intybus Chicory Euphorbia glyptosperma Spurge; Eyebane Cicuta bulbifera Water-hemlock, Euphorbia vermiculata Spurge, Hairy Bulb-bearing *Euphrasia stricta Eyebright Cicuta maculata Water-hemlock Eurybia macrophylla Aster, Big-leaved Circaea alpina Enchanter's Nightshade, Euthamia graminifolia Goldenrod, Grass-leaved Small Fallopia cilinodis Bindweed, Fringed Circaea canadensis Enchanter's Nightshade, *Fallopia convolvulus Bindweed, Black Large Filipendula rubra Queen-of-the Meadow *Cirsium arvense Thistle, Canada *Filipendula ulmaria Queen-of-the-Meadow Cirsium discolor Thistle, Field Fragaria vesca Strawberry, Woodland *Cirsium vulgare Thistle, Bull or Common americana Claytonia caroliniana Spring-beauty Fragaria virginiana Strawberry, Wild Clematis virginiana Virgin's Bower Galearis spectabilis Orchis, Showy *Clinopodium acinos Mother-of-Thyme *Galeopsis bifida Hemp-nettle *Clinopodium vulgare Basil Galium aparine Bedstraw, Cleavers Clintonia borealis Lily, Bluebead. Cornlily. Galium asprellum Bedstraw, Rough Comandra umbellata Toadflax, Bastard Galium circaezans Licorice, Wild *Convallaria majalis Lily of the Valley Galium lanceolatum Licorice, Wild *Convolvulus arvensis Bindweed, Field *Galium mollugo Bedstraw, White Coptis trifolia Goldthread Galium palustre Bedstraw, Ditch Corallorhiza trifida Coralroot, Pale or Early Galium tinctorium Bedstraw, Cleavers *Coreopsis lanceolata Coreopsis Galium trifidum Bedstraw, Small; Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cleavers *Crepis tectorum Hawk's-beard Galium triflorum Bedstraw, Sweet- Crocanthemum canadense Frostweed; Rockrose scented *Cycloloma atriplicifolium Pigweed, Winged Gentiana andrewsii Gentian, Bottle or Closed *Cynanchum louiseae Swallowwort, Pale Gentiana linearis Gentian, Closed *Cynanchum rossicum Swallowwort, Black Geranium bicknellii Geranium; Cranesbill Cynoglossum virginianum Comfrey, Wild Geranium robertianum Herb-robert boreale G5T4T5 S1S2 Geum aleppicum Avens, Yellow Cypripedium acaule Ladyslipper, Pink Geum canadense Avens, White Cypripedium arietinum Ladyslipper, Ram’s Head Geum fragarioides Strawberry, Barren G3 S2 Geum laciniatum Avens, Rough Cypripedium parviflorum Ladyslipper, Yellow Geum macrophyllum Avens Cypripedium reginae Ladyslipper, Showy Geum rivale Avens, Purple *Daucus carota Queen Anne's Lace *Glechoma hederacea Gill-over-the-ground Decodon verticillatus Water-Willow *Gnaphalium uliginosum Cudweed, Low; Desmodium canadense Tick-trefoil, Giant Everlasting *Dianthus armeria Pink, Deptford Goodyera pubescens Rattlesnake-plantain, *Dianthus deltoides Pink, Maiden Downy Dicentra canadensis Squirrel-corn Gratiola neglecta Hedge Hyssop Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's Breeches Hackelia virginiana Stickseed; Beggar-lice *Dipsacus fullonum Teasel, Common Hedeoma pulegioides Mock-Pennyroyal Doellingeria umbellata Aster, Flat-topped Helenium autumnale Sneezeweed *Draba verna Whitlow-grass Helianthus divaricatus Sunflower, Woodland Drosera rotundifolia Sundew, Round-leaved Heliopsis helianthoides Ox-eye Drymocallis arguta Cinquefoil, Tall *Hemerocallis fulva Day-lily, Orange

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 4 Hepatica nobilis var. acuta Liverleaf Lysimachia terrestris Swamp Candles Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa Liverleaf Lysimachia thyrsiflora Loosestrife, Tufted *Hesperis matronalis Dame's Rocket *Lythrum salicaria Loosestrife, Purple Heteranthera dubia Stargrass, Water Maianthemum canadense Mayflower, Canada *Hieracium aurantiacum Hawkweed, Orange Maianthemum racemosum Solomon's seal, False *Hieracium caespitosum King-devil Maianthemum stellatum Solomon's seal, Starry *Hieracium piloselloides King-devil, Glaucous Maianthemum trifolium Solomon's seal, Three- Hieracium scabrum Hawkweed, Rough leaf Hippuris vulgaris Mare's-tail G5 S1 Malaxis unifolia Adder’s-mouth, Green Houstonia caerulea Bluets, Quaker Ladies *Malva moschata Musk-mallow Houstonia longifolia Bluets, Pale *Malva neglecta Cheeses Humulus lupulus Hop, Common *Matricaria discoidea Pineapple-weed *Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Frog's-bit Medeola virginiana Cucumber-root, Indian Hydrocotyle americana Pennywort, Water *Medicago lupulina Black medick Hydrophyllum virginianum Waterleaf, Virginia *Medicago sativa Alfalfa Hylodesmum glutinosum Wood Tick-trefoil, Sticky Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat Hylodesmum nudiflorum Tick-trefoil *Melilotus alba Sweet-clover, White *Hylotelephium telephium Live-forever *Melilotus officinalis Sweet-clover, Yellow boreale St. John's-wort, Northern Mentha arvensis Mint, Field St. John's-wort, *Mentha x piperita Peppermint; Bergamot Canadian mint Hypericum ellipticum St. John's-wort, Pale Menyanthes trifoliata Buckbean, Bogbean Hypericum fraseri St. John's-wort, Marsh; Micranthes pensylvanica Saxifrage, Swamp Pink Micranthes virginiensis Saxifrage, Early St. John's-wort, Dwarf Mimulus ringens Monkeyflower, Common * St. John's-wort Mitchella repens Partridge berry St. John's-wort Mitella diphylla Miterwort Hypopitys monotropa Pinesap Mitella nuda Miterwort Impatiens capensis Jewelweed, Spotted Moehringia lateriflora Sandwort, Grove *Impatiens glandulifera Balsam, Himalayan Monarda fistulosa Bergamot, Wild *Inula helenium Elecampane Moneses uniflora Pyrola, One-flowered Ionactis linariifolia Aster, Stiff Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe Iris versicolor Iris, Wild; Blue flag Myosotis laxa Forget-me-not Isoëtes echinospora Quillwort *Myosotis scorpioides Forget-me-not Lactuca biennis Lettuce, Blue *Myriophyllum spicatum Milfoil, Eurasian Water Lactuca canadensis Lettuce, Wild Nabalus albus Rattlesnakeroot; Lion's *Lactuca serriola Lettuce, Prickly Foot Laportea canadensis Wood-nettle Nabalus altissimus Rattlesnakeroot; Lion's *Lathyrus latifolius Everlasting-pea Foot Lathyrus palustris Vetchling Nabalus trifoliolatus Gall-of-the-earth Lechea intermedia Pinweed Najas flexilis Naiad Lemna minor Duckweed *Narcissus poeticus Narcissus, Poet's Lemna trisulca Duckweed, Star *Nepeta cataria Catnip *Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort Nuphar x rubrodisca Pondlily; Spatterdock *Lepidium campestre Cow-cress Nuphar variegata Pondlily, Yellow *Lepidium densiflorum Peppergrass Nymphaea odorata Water-lily, White *Leucanthemum vulgare Daisy, Ox-eye Oclemena acuminata Aster, Whorled Wood Lilium canadense Lily, Canada *Odontites vernus Bartsia, Red; Eyebright *Linaria vulgaris Butter-and-eggs Oenothera biennis Evening-primrose, Lindernia dubia Pimpernel, False Common Linnaea borealis Twinflower Oenothera parviflora Evening-primrose Liparis loeselii Twayblade, Bog or Fen Oenothera perennis Sundrops *Lithospermum officinale Gromwell, European Orobanche uniflora Cancer-root, One- Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower flowered Lobelia inflata Indian-Tobacco Osmorhiza claytonii Sweet Cicely Lobelia kalmii Lobelia, Kalm's or Brook Osmorhiza longistylis Anise-root Lobelia spicata Lobelia, Pale-spiked Oxalis dillenii ssp. filipes Wood-sorrel; Wood- *Lotus corniculatus 's Foot Trefoil shamrock Ludwigia palustris Purslane, Water Oxalis montana Wood-sorrel, Common Lycopus americanus Bugle-weed, Water Oxalis stricta Lady's Sorrel horehound *Oxybasis glauca Goosefoot, Oak-leaf Lycopus uniflorus Bugle-weed, Water Packera paupercula Groundsel, Balsam horehound Panax quinquefolius Ginseng; Sang Lycopus virginicus Bugle-weed, Water Panax trifolius Ginseng, Dwarf horehound *Papaver orientale Poppy, Oriental Lysimachia borealis Starflower, Maystar *Pastinaca sativa Parsnip, Wild Lysimachia ciliata Loosestrife, Fringed Peltandra virginica Arrowleaf, Arrow-arum *Lysimachia nummularia Creeping-Charlie, *Penstemon digitalis False-Foxglove Moneywort Penstemon hirsutus Beard-tongue Lysimachia quadrifolia Loosestrife, Whorled Penthorum sedoides Ditch-stonecrop

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 5 Persicaria amphibia Smartweed, Water Pseudognaphalium macounii Cudweed; Everlasting *Persicaria arifolia Tearthumb, Halberd- Pseudognaphalium Everlasting, Sweet leaved obtusifolium *Persicaria hydropiper Water-pepper, Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Mountain-mint Smartweed Pycnanthemum virginianum Mountain-mint Persicaria hydropiperoides Water-pepper, Mild Pyrola americana Pyrola, Round-leaved *Persicaria lapathifolia Smartweed, Pale Pyrola chlorantha Shinleaf, Green Persicaria pensylvanica Pinkweed Pyrola elliptica Shinleaf *Persicaria maculosa Lady's Thumb Ranunculus abortivus Buttercup, Kidney-leaf Persicaria punctata Smartweed, Water *Ranunculus acris Buttercup, Common Persicaria sagittata Tearthumb, Arrow- Ranunculus hispidus Buttercup, Swamp leaved caricetorum Persicaria virginiana Jumpseed Ranunculus longirostris Water-crowfoot, White Phlox divaricata Phlox, Blue Ranunculus recurvatus Buttercup, Hooked *Phlox paniculata Phlox, Fall *Ranunculus repens Buttercup, Creeping Phlox subulata Phlox, Moss or Mountain *Reseda lutea Mignonette, Yellow Phryma leptostachya Lopseed *Reynoutria japonica Knotweed, Japanese Physalis heterophylla Ground Cherry, Clammy japonica Physostegia virginiana Dragonhead, False *Ribes aureum Currant, Golden Phytolacca americana Pokeweed Ribes americanum Currant, Wild Black Pilea pumila Clearweed Ribes cynosbati Gooseberry, Prickly *Plantago lanceolata Plantain, English Ribes glandulosum Currant, Skunk *Plantago major Plantain, Common Ribes hirtellum Gooseberry, Northern Plantago rugelii Plantain, Rugel's Ribes lacustre Currant, Swamp Black Platanthera aquilonis Orchid, Northern green Ribes triste Currant, Swamp Red Platanthera clavellata Orchid, Green woodland Rorippa aquatica Lake-cress; Rivercress Platanthera flava Orchid, Tubercled G4? S2 Platanthera lacera Orchid, Ragged fringed Rorippa palustris Watercress, Marsh Platanthera obtusata Orchid, Blunt-leaaved Rosa blanda Rose, Smooth Platanthera orbiculata Orchid, Large round-leaf Rosa palustris Rose, Swamp Platanthera psycodes Orchid, Small Purple Rubus allegheniensis Blackberry, Common Fringed Rubus dalibarda Dewdrop Podophyllum peltatum May-apple Rubus flagellaris Dewberry, Northern Podostemum ceratophyllum Riverweed; Rivermoss Rubus hispidus Dewberry, Swamp G5 S2 Rubus idaeus Raspberry, Red Pogonia ophioglossoides Pogonia, Rose Rubus occidentalis Raspberry, Black Polygaloides paucifolia Gay-wings; Fringed Rubus odoratus Raspberry, Purple Polygala Flowering Polygala polygama Milkwort, Bitter Rubus pubescens Raspberry, Dwarf Polygala sanguinea Milkwort, Rose *Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed-Susan Polygala verticillata Milkwort, Whorled Rudbeckia laciniata Black-eyed-Susan Polygonatum biflorum Solomon's Seal, Small *Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorel Polygonatum pubescens Solomon's Seal *Rumex crispus Dock, Curly Polygonum articulatum Jointweed *Rumex obtusifolius Dock, Red Veined or *Polygonum aviculare Doorweed Bitter ssp. depressum Rumex verticillatus Dock, Swamp Pontederia cordata Pickerel-weed Sagittaria latifolia Wapato; Duck-potato *Portulaca oleracea Purslane Samolus valerandii Pimpernel, Water; Potamogeton amplifolius Pondweed, Broad-leaved Brookweed *Potamogeton crispus Curly Pondweed Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot Potamogeton epihydrus Pondweed Sanicula marilandica Snakeroot, Black Potamogeton hillii Pondweed, Hill's G3 S2 Sanicula trifoliata Snakeroot; Sanicle Potamogeton illinoensis Pondweed *Saponaria officinalis Soapwort, Bouncing-bet Potamogeton natans Pondweed, Floating Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher Potamogeton perfoliatus Pondweed, Clasping- *Scleranthus annuus Knawel; German Knot- leaved Grass Potamogeton Pondweed, Small *Scorzoneroides autumnalis Dandelion, Fall; Hawkbit berchtoldii Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap, Marsh Potamogeton richardsonii Pondweed, Red-head Scutellaria lateriflora Skullcap, Mad-dog Potamogeton robbinsii Pondweed *Securigera varia Crown-vetch Potamogeton zosteriformis Pondweed, Flat-stem *Sedum acre Stonecrop, Mossy *Potentilla argentea Cinquefoil, Silvery Senecio hieraciifolius Pilewort, Fireweed Potentilla norvegica Cinquefoil, Three-leaved Silene antirrhina Catch-fly, Sleepy or Potentilla palustris Cinquefoil, Marsh Sticky *Potentilla recta Cinquefoil, Rough-fruited *Silene flos-cuculi Ragged-robin Potentilla simplex Cinquefoil, Old-field *Silene latifolia Campion, White *Poterium sanguisorba Salad-burnet *Silene noctiflora Catchfly, Night-flowering *Primula veris Cowslip *Silene vulgaris Bladder-Campion Proserpinaca palustris crebra Mermaid-weed *Sinapis arvensis Charlock, Wild mustard *Prunella vulgaris Heal-all Sisyrinchium angustifolium Blue-eyed grass

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 6 Sisyrinchium montanum Blue-eyed grass Trichostema dichotomum Blue-curls Sium suave Parsnip, Water *Trifolium arvense Clover, Rabbit's Foot Solanum carolinense Horse-nettle; Ball *Trifolium aureum Clover, Yellow Hop nightshade *Trifolium campestre Hop-clover, Low *Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, Deadly *Trifolium hybridum Clover, Alsike *Solanum nigrum Nightshade, Black *Trifolium pratense Clover, Red Solidago arguta Goldenrod, Cut-leaf *Trifolium repens Clover, White or Lawn Solidago bicolor Goldenrod, White Trillium erectum Trillium, Purple or Red Solidago caesia Goldenrod, Blue- Trillium grandiflorum Trillium, White stemmed Trillium undulatum Trillium, Painted Solidago canadensis Goldenrod, Common Triosteum aurantiacum Horse gentian Solidago flexicaulis Goldenrod, Zig-zag Turritis glabra Mustard, Tower Solidago gigantea Goldenrod, Tall *Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot Solidago hispida Goldenrod, Hairy Typha angustifolia Cat-tail, Narrow-leaf Solidago juncea Goldenrod, Early Typha latifolia Cat-tail, Common Solidago nemoralis Goldenrod, Gray or Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Nettle, Stinging Rough Utricularia cornuta Bladderwort, Horned Solidago puberula Goldenrod, Downy Utricularia geminiscapa Bladderwort G4G5 S3 Solidago rugosa Goldenrod, Rough- Utricularia gibba Bladderwort, Cone-spur leaved Utricularia intermedia Bladderwort, Milfoil Solidago uliginosa Goldenrod, Swamp or Utricularia macrorhiza Bladderwort, Common Bog Utricularia minor Bladderwort G5 S3 Solidago uliginosa linoides Goldenrod, Swamp or Uvularia grandiflora Bellwort Bog Uvularia perfoliata Bellwort *Sonchus arvensis Sow-thistle Uvularia sessilifolia Wild-oats; Merrybells *Sonchus arvensis uliginosus Sow-thistle Vallisneria americana Tapegrass *Sonchus asper Sow-thistle, Spiny Veratrum viride Hellebore, False or *Sonchus oleraceus Sow-thistle White Sparganium americanum Bur-reed *Verbascum lychnitis Mullein, Moth Sparganium angustifolium Bur-reed, Narrow-leaved *Verbascum thapsus Mullein Sparganium emersum Bur-reed, Green-fruited Verbena hastata Vervain, Blue Sparganium eurycarpum Bur-reed, Giant Verbena urticifolia Vervain, White Sparganium fluctuans Bur-reed, Floating Veronica americana Speedwell, American Sparganium nutans Bur-reed, Small G5 S2 *Veronica arvensis Speedwell, Corn Spiranthes cernua Lady's-tresses, Autumn *Veronica officinalis Speedwell Spiranthes lacera Lady's-tresses, Slender Veronica peregrina Speedwell,Purslane Spiranthes lucida Lady’s-tresses, Shining xalapensis G5T5 S3 Spirodela polyrhiza Duckweed, Giant Veronica scutellata Speedwell, Marsh *Sporobolus cryptandrus Dropseed, Sand *Veronica serpyllifolia Speedwell, Thyme- *Stachys palustris Woundwort leaved *Stellaria graminea Stitchwort, Lesser *Vicia cracca Vetch, Cow Stellaria longifolia Starwort, Needle-leaf *Vicia tetrasperma Vetch, Lentil *Stellaria media Chickweed, Common *Vinca minor Periwinkle; Myrtle Streptopus amplexifolius Twisted-stalk, Clasping- Viola adunca Violet, Hookspur leaved Viola affinis Violet, LeConte's Streptopus roseus Twisted-stalk, Rose Viola blanda Violet, Sweet White Stuckenia pectinata Pondweed, Sago Viola canadensis Violet, Canada Symphyotrichum boreale Aster, Rush or Bog Viola labradorica Violet, American Dog G5 S2 Viola cucullata Violet, Blue Marsh Symphyotrichum cordifolium Aster, Heart Leaved Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens Violet, Sweet White Symphyotrichum ericoides Aster, White Wreath; Viola pubescens Violet, Yellow Heath Viola renifolia Violet, Kidney-leaved Symphyotrichum lanceolatum Aster, Tall White Viola rostrata Violet, Long-spurred var. lanceolatum Viola rotundifolia Violet, Early Yellow Symphyotrichum lateriflorum Aster, Calico Viola sagittata Violet, Northern Downy Symphyotrichum Aster, New England Viola sororia Violet, Common novae-angliae Wolffia borealis Watermeal Symphyotrichum ontarionis Aster, G5 S3 Wolffia columbiana Watermeal Symphyotrichum pilosum Aster, Heath Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur; Clotbur Symphyotrichum Aster, Zig-zag Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders prenanthoides Symphyotrichum puniceum Aster, Purple-stemmed SHRUBS Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage Acer spicatum Maple, Mountain *Tanacetum vulgare Tansy Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Alder, Speckled or Tag *Taraxacum officinale Dandelion Amelanchier sanguinea Juneberry, Roundleaf Thalictrum dioicum Meadow-rue, Early Amelanchier spicata Juneberry; Shadbush Thalictrum pubescens Meadow-rue, Tall Andromeda glaucophylla Bog Rosemary Tiarella cordifolia Foamflower Aronia melanocarpa Chokeberry, Black *Tragopogon dubius Goat's Beard *Berberis vulgaris Barberry, Common *Tragopogon pratensis Goat's Beard, Yellow Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 7 Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Vaccinium pallidum Blueberry, Pale Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern Viburnum acerifolium Viburnum, Maple-leaf Cornus alba Dogwood, Red osier Viburnum dentatum lucidum Arrowwood Cornus alternifolia Dogwood, Pagoda Viburnum lantanoides Hobblebush, Witch- Cornus amomum Dogwood, Silky hobble Cornus racemosa Dogwood, Stiff or Gray Viburnum lentago Nannyberry Cornus rugosa Dogwood, Round Viburnum nudum cassinoides Wild raisin Leaved Viburnum opulus americanum Cranberry, Highbush Corylus cornuta Hazelnut, Beaked; Hazel Viburnum rafinesquianum Arrowwood, Downy Crataegus crus-galli Hawthorn, Cockspur Zanthoxylum americanum Prickly Ash Crataegus punctata Hawthorn Diervilla lonicera Honeysuckle, Bush TREES Dirca palustris Leatherwood Abies balsamea Fir, Balsam Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus Acer ×freemanii Maple, Freeman’s *Frangula alnus Buckthorn, Smooth *Acer negundo Box-Elder Gaultheria hispidula Snowberry, Creeping Acer nigrum Maple, Black Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen, *Acer palmatum Maple, Japanese Checkerberry Acer pensylvanicum Maple, Striped Gaylussacia baccata Huckleberry, Black *Acer platanoides Maple, Norway Hamamelis virginiana Witch-hazel Acer rubrum Maple, Red Ilex verticillata Winterberry Holly Acer saccharinum Maple, Silver Juniperus communis Juniper, Pasture Acer saccharum Maple, Sugar Kalmia angustifolia Laurel, Sheep *Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut Kalmia polifolia Laurel, Pale Amelanchier arborea Shadbush Lindera benzoin Spice-bush Amelanchier laevis Shadbush, Smooth *Lonicera x bella Honeysuckle, European Betula alleghaniensis Birch, Yellow Lonicera canadensis Honeysuckle, Fly Betula lenta Birch, Sweet or Black Lonicera hirsuta Honeysuckle, Hairy Betula papyrifera Birch, Paper or White *Lonicera morrowii Honeysuckle, Fly Betula populifolia Birch, Gray Lonicera oblongifolia Honeysuckle, Swamp fly Carpinus caroliniana Musclewood; Blue-beech *Lonicera tatarica Honeysuckle, Tartarian Carya cordiformis Hickory, Bitternut Lonicera villosa Honeysuckle, Nothern Carya glabra Hickory, Pignut Fly Carya ovata Hickory, Shagbark Myrica gale Sweet-gale Castanea dentata Chestnut, American Nemopanthus mucronatus Holly, Mountain Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Potentilla fruticosa Cinquefoil, Shrubby Fagus grandifolia Beech, American Prunus nigra Plum, Canada or Wild Fraxinus americana Ash, White Rhamnus alnifolia Buckthorn, Alder-leaved Fraxinus nigra Ash, Black Rhododendron groenlandicum Labrador Tea Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ash, Red or Green Rhus typhina Sumac, Staghorn Juglans cinerea Butternut G4 S4 Salix eriocephala Willow, Heart-leaved or Juglans nigra Walnut, Black Stiff Juniperus virginiana Cedar, Red Salix humilis Willow, Prairie or Gray Larix laricina Tamarack Salix lucida Willow, Shining *Malus pumila Apple Salix pedicellaris Willow, Bog Ostrya virginiana Hop Hornbeam; Salix petiolaris Willow, Slender Ironwood *Salix purpurea Willow, Purple or Basket *Picea abies Spruce, Norway Salix pyrifolia Willow, Balsam Picea glauca Spruce, White G5 S3 Picea mariana Spruce, Black Salix sericea Willow, Silky Picea rubens Spruce, Red Salix serissima Willow, Autumn Pinus banksiana Pine, Jack Sambucus nigra Elderberry, Black Pinus resinosa Pine, Red ssp. canadensis Pinus rigida Pine, Pitch Sambucus racemosa pubens Elderberry, Red Pinus strobus Pine, White Shepherdia canadensis Soapberry; Buffalo-berry *Pinus sylvestris Pine, Scotch *Sorbaria sorbifolia Spiraea, False Platanus occidentalis Sycamore Spiraea alba Meadow-sweet *Populus alba Poplar, Silver-or White Spiraea alba var. latifolia Meadow-sweet Populus balsamifera Poplar, Balsam Spiraea tomentosa Hardhack, Steeple-bush Populus deltoides Cottonwood; Poplar Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut Populus grandidentata Aspen, Big-toothed Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Populus tremuloides Aspen, Quaking *Symphoricarpos occidentalis Wolfberry Prunus pensylvanica Cherry, Fire or Pin *Syringa vulgaris Lilac Prunus serotina Cherry, Black Taxus canadensis Yew, American Prunus virginiana Cherry, Choke Toxicodendron vernix Sumac, Poison Quercus alba Oak, White Vaccinium angustifolium Blueberry, Lowbush Quercus coccinea Oak, Scarlet Vaccinium corymbosum Blueberry, Highbush Quercus macrocarpa Oak, Mossy-cup or Bur Vaccinium macrocarpon Cranberry, Large Quercus rubra Oak, Northern Red Vaccinium myrtilloides Blueberry, Velvetleaved Quercus velutina Oak, Black Vaccinium oxycoccos Cranberry, Small *Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn, Common

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 8 *Robinia pseudoacacia Locust, Black *Salix alba Willow, White Ulmus thomasii , Rock or Cork Salix amygdaloides Willow, Peach-leaf G5 S2S3 *Salix babylonica Willow, Weeping Salix bebbiana Willow, Bebb's WOODY VINES Salix discolor Pussy-willow *Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental Bittersweet *Salix X fragilis Willow, Crack Celastrus scandens Bittersweet Salix nigra Willow, Black Lonicera dioica Honeysuckle, Wild *Salix x rubens Willow Menispermum canadense Moonseed Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper Sorbus decora Mountain Ash, Rowan Parthenocissus inserta Virginia Creeper, tree Woodbine Thuja occidentalis Cedar, White; Arbor Smilax herbacea Greenbrier, Smooth Vitae Smilax hispida Greenbrier, Bristly Tilia americana Basswood Toxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy Tsuga canadensis Hemlock Vitis riparia Grape, Frost or Elm, American Riverbank * Elm, Siberian or Dwarf Ulmus rubra Elm, Slippery; Red

Revision control of this document is maintained electronically. If printed, individuals are responsible for ensuring use of latest revision. Page 9