Contract BC1 Railway Bosphorus Tube Crossing Tunnels and Stations (Marmaray)
Optional legal copy goes here OR www.business.com Bosphorus Strait
Black Sea
B o s p •European Side h Asian Side o r u s
Marmara Sea
Business 2 Project Location
2nd Bridge
1st Bridge
Railway Bosphorus Tube Crossing, Tunnels and Stations
Business 3 Longitudinal Section
Business 4 Particular Design Conditions
¾ Design Basis Earthquake : Mw = 7.5 ¾ Countermeasure to Liquefaction ¾ Huge Water Pressure : Max. 60m ¾ Rapid Current Upper Layer (N to S) : Max. 5 knots (2.5m/sec) Bottom Layer (S to N) : 1 ～ 1.5 knots ¾ Fire Resistance : 100 Mw Fire Train with Petrol Fire
Business 5 IMMERSE TUNNEL Construction Vehicle Structure Escape Gauge Squeeze Way Way
Business 6 IMMERSE TUNNEL Construction
Business 7 Bird View Istanbul Strait Crossing
Business 8 Immersion Procedure
European Side
Placing Barge
Tunnel Element
Access shaft
Asian Side TBM Tunnel Boring Machine Business 9 Tunnel Cross and Longitudinal Section
Armor Protection Tunnel Armor Protection Anchor Release Band アジア側 ヨーロッパ側
General Backfill
Selected Locking Fill Foundation
(m) Immerse Tube (1387m) 0 -10 Sea Bed -20 -30 Armor Protection E11 -40 E8 E9 E10 E5 E6 E7 -50 E1 E2 E3 E4 -60 Seismic Joint Seismic Joint
Business 10 Typical Cross Section of Immersed Tunnel Element
1000 6350 600 6350 1000
Vehicle Structure Escape Gauge Squeeze Way Way
Business 11 Comparison Major Tube in the World
70 60 60 50 41 37 37 36 40 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 20 10 Depth of Tube Bottom (m) of Tube Depth 0 Channel Roads Channel Fort McHenry Tama Tunnel Tunnel Tama Bosphorus BART Hampton roads Interstate Baytown Parana Thimble Shoal 2nd Hampton Baltimore
Business 12 Tuzla Dry Dock TUBE Fabrication
Business 13 Immersion Procedure
Before Immersion (Anchoring Completion)
Marmara Sea Side Black Sea Side
Business 14 Slurry Type TBM TUNNEL Construction
Business 15 TBM Excavation Route
European Side Asian Side
Kazlicesme Bosphorus Strait
Yedikule Airilikcesme Yenikapi Uskudar Sirkeci
2170m 3343m 4620m TBM TBM Immerse TBM EPB Slurry Tunnel Slurry
Business 16 TBM（Slurry Type） φ=7,640mm、L=11,000mm
Business 17 Tunnel Inside (Asian Side – Sept.07)
Business 18 Tunnel Inside (Asian Side – Uskudar Station Breakthrough – July 09)
Business 19 ＮＡＴＭ TUNNEL Construction
Business 20 NATM Works Location
Track CROSS OVER
SIRKECI Deep Station
Track CROSS OVER
USKUDAR Station
Emergency CROSS PASSAGE Drain Pit (44 Places 200m Interval)
Business 21 Uskudar Cross Over Tunnel Model
Business 22 Uskudar Cross Over Tunnel Excavation
Business 23 Lining Concrete
Business 24 Bird View around Sirkeci Station
North Entrance
East Ventilation Shaft
West Ventilation Shaft
South Entrance
Business 25 Sirkeci Station NATM Works
Business 26 Bird View of Uskudar Station Area
Immersed Tunnel
Uskudar Sta.
Business 27 Station Excavation
Business 28 U/W Concerns
Project of almost prototypical nature – deepest ever submerged
“atypical” connection sea-land tunnels
Strong bi-directional current in the Bosphorus straight
Heavy ship traffic with “reckless” ship owners at times
Due to deep tunnels high water pressure and hence water tightness issues
An overseas contractor moving in unknown cultural environment
Land tunneling under densely built up (historic) areas
Business 29