4572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

THE FEDERAL RESERVE REFORM penditures are detailed in the U.S. Govern­ Mr. Greenspan was not appointed by Presi­ ACT OF 1991 ment budget for fiscal year 1992-the $115 dent Bush has not caused any significant million spent by the Board of Governors. Even problems with monetary policy. But if they HON. LEE H. HAMILTON though the Federal Reserve engages in more were unable to work together, the result could OF INDIANA than $1 trillion in transactions in the money be serious damage to the American economy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES markets each year, most of these activities are and a paralysis of economic policy. This is a Wednesday, February 27,1991 exempt from audit by the GAO or any other risk the country should not take. • outside agency . The Federal Reserve Reform Act would ad­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, today Rep- The bill that Representative DORGAN and I dress this by having the President appoint the resentative BYRON DORGAN and I are introduc­ are introducing today aims to make the Fed­ Fed Chairman to a 4-year term beginning 1 ing the Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1991. eral Reserve more accountable to the Amer­ year after taking office, when there will be a This bill would make some modest changes ican people, not by giving politicians control new vacancy on the Board in any event. Each in the practice and procedures of the Federal but by creating a formal channel of commu­ appointee will still be subject to Senate con­ Reserve to address two issues of great impor­ nication between the President and the Fed­ firmation, as under current law. Giving the tance to the American economy and our sys­ eral Reserve, and by providing Congress and President 3 years of a term with a Federal Re­ tem of democratic government-the current the American people with more and better in­ serve Chairman of his own choosing is surely absence of any channel of formal communica­ formation on the Federal Reserve's policies preferable to the possibility under current law tion between the Federal Reserve and the ad­ and procedures. of a lengthy period where the President and ministration, and the veil of secrecy surround­ The bill has five major provisions. Chairman cannot work together. ing policymaking at the Federal Reserve. First, it would require the Secretary of the Tliird, this bill would require the FOMC to The Federal Reserve occupies an anoma­ Treasury, the Chairman of the Council of Eco­ disclose immediately any changes in the tar­ lous position within the Government of the nomic Advisers, and the Director of the Office gets of monetary policy, including its targets United States. It is an enormously powerful in­ of Management and Budget to meet three for monetary aggregates, credit aggregates, stitution, but it does not conform to the normal times a year on a nonvoting basis with the prices, interest rates, or bank reserves. standards of government accountability. Power Federal Open Market Committee [FOMC], to The FOMC currently keeps major policy de­ without proper accountability simply does not consult on monetary and fiscal policy. cisions secret for 6 weeks after they are made fit into the American system of democracy. Two of the required meetings would take and carried out. Most other government agen­ Through its control over monetary policy the place just before the FOMC sets its annual cies must not only publish decisions in the Federal Reserve affects the lives of all Ameri­ money growth targets in February and July Federal Register before they can take effect, cans. It has the power to decide who prospers and reports to Congress, as required by the most in fact must publish proposed decisions and who fails. The path that the Federal Re­ Full Employment and Balanced Growth Act of for public comment before they can even be serve sets for monetary policy and interest 1978. The third meeting would occur in the fall issued in final form. rates affects every businessperson, worker, at the start of the administration's annual While secrecy may help insulate the Federal consumer, borrower, and lender in the United budget cycle. These meetings will bring to­ Reserve from criticism, secrecy has two eco­ States and has a major impact on the overall gether the key members of the fiscal and nomic costs. performance of the economy. monetary policymaking teams. First, secrecy makes capital markets oper­ The independence that the Federal Reserve The purpose of the meetings is to improve ate less efficiently. The Federal Reserve's po­ must have to insulate monetary policy from the flow of information between the adminis­ sition on this can be defended only if you be­ political pressures also removes the Fed from tration and the Federal Reserve. Currently, lieve that ignorance is better than knowledge. the normal processes of accountability that there is no formal channel of communication But one of the major conclusions of micro­ apply to every other agency of the Federal between the President and the Fed. At times, economic theory is that thorough and com­ Government. We must address a very difficult the administration is reduced to carrying on plete information is a requirement for markets and perplexing problem-how to make the policy disputes by publicly sniping at the Fed to work efficiently. This applies to financial Federal Reserve more accountable to the through the press. Under this bill, the adminis­ markets as well as to markets for goods and American people without jeopardizing its inde­ tration will have a formal avenue to present its services. pendence and its ability to conduct monetary program for the economy to the FOMC and Second, secrecy is unfair to small investors. policy free of political pressure. lay out its goals and targets for monetary pol­ When the Federal Reserve makes a policy No other Government agency enjoys the icy. The members of the FOMC will also have change, large investors and Wall Street firms Fed's prerogatives. Monetary policy is con­ an avenue to convey their concerns about fis­ can employ experts to monitor the Federal Re­ ducted in secret, behind closed doors. The cal policy to the administration. Communica­ serve and decipher its activities in the financial Federal Reserve is not required to consult with tion will flow both ways. markets. This gives them an advantage over Congress or the administration before setting Second, the bill would allow the President to small investors, borrowers, and others who money or interest rate targets, even though its appoint a Chairman of the Federal Reserve don't have resources to employ Fed-watchers power affects every American. It waits 6 Board-with the advice and consent of the to interpret and anticipate Fed policy changes. weeks before releasing policy decisions. The Senate--1 year after taking office, at the time The solution is immediate release of Federal President, who is responsible for the perform­ when the first regular opening would occur on Reserve policy decisions, as the bill would re­ ance of the economy and is blamed if things the Federal Reserve Board. This would make quire. This is a change that is widely sup­ go wrong, often must wait until late in his term the Fed Chairman's term basically cotermi­ ported by economists and participants in finan­ to appoint a new chairman of the Federal Re­ nous with the term of office of the President of cial markets. serve Board, raising the risk that the President the United States. Fourth, the bill would permit the Comptroller and the Federal Reserve Board Chairman The current Chairman of the Board of Gov­ General to conduct more thorough audits of might be at odds. President Bush, for exam­ ernors, Alan Greenspan, was appointed by Federal Reserve operations, by removing se­ ple, will not be able to appoint a Fed chairman President Bush's predecessor and will hold lected current restrictions on GAO access to until August 1991. The Fed's budget is not that office until August 10, 1991, almost 3 the Federal Reserve. published in the U.S. Government budget, years into President's Bush's term. Fortu­ The General Accounting Office is the watch­ even though it spends about $1.7 billion per nately, Chairman Greenspan and President dog of Congress. It carries out that respon­ year. Only 7 percent of Federal Reserve ex- Bush have a cordial relationship. The fact that sibility through financial and program audits of

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4573 government agencies. These audits are of tre­ costs. The rest will be for supplies, travel ex­ She is a part of a war effort aiming to free mendous value to Congress. Not only do they penses, telephone and postage, printing the citizens of Kuwait from vicious aggression ferret out waste, fraud, and abuse, they per­ money, maintenance of equipment, amortiza­ and secure peace not only for the Middle form the even more important function of tell­ tion of buildings, and so forth. The remainder East, but for the world. She is a part of a bat­ ing Congress when programs are not working of the Fed's revenues will be returned to the tle to free men and women from fear. She re~ and where programs can be improved. Treasury, where it is listed in the budget as an resents our country as equally and bravely as For many years, from the mid-1930's to the offsetting receipt. the men beside her in the trenches. late 1970's, the Federal Reserve was exempt The Federal Reserve Reform Act will not re­ And she today pays the price few men, for­ from GAO audits along with the other bank duce the Federal Reserve's control over its tunately, will be called upon to pay. regulatory agencies, on the grounds that its own budget. The bill would not subject the Melissa Nealy and her female comrades de­ funds were not appropriated by Congress. In Federal Reserve to the congressional appro­ serve to return to a nation that recognizes her 1978, the Federal Banking Agency Audit Act priations process, nor would it give either Con­ "equalness" in peacetime as we did during the authorized the GAO to audit the bank regu­ gress or the administration any control over war. latory agencies, allowing full audits of the the Federal Reserve's spending. All it does is For them, for myself, and for our daughters, Comptroller of the Currency and the Federal require that the data be published conven­ I am pleased and honored to introduce this Deposit Insurance Corporation and limited au­ iently in the U.S. Government budget, where legislation in the House, and to join with my dits of the Federal Reserve. Since then, the spending by every other Government agency colleagues today in emphasizing our support GAO has conducted numerous audits of the is already listed. This includes the Supreme for its essential objectives. Fed's regulatory activities. These audits have Court, which has its budget published in the The position of women in American society provided useful suggestions for reducing costs Government budget without any loss of inde­ continues to change, propelled by social, eco­ at the Federal Reserve, improving regulatory pendence. nomic, and military forces-and we need to programs, and strengthening the banking sys­ Adopting the bill would thus implement a ensure that our public policies and our judicial tem with no noticeable harm to the Federal basic principle of democracy that no Govern­ system adapt to this change. Reserve or its effectiveness in regulating ment agency should take in and spend billions That is what this legislation endeavors to member banks. of dollars without having its budget readily ac­ do. It aims to conform certain Federal statutes Currently, the GAO is prohibited access to cessible to the public. and programs to the realities of women in any Federal Reserve function involving: First, In conclusion, in our Nation the Government America today. In the areas of Federal work­ transactions with a foreign central bank or for­ must be accountable to the people. The Fed­ place harassment, sexual violence, and em­ eign government; second, any deliberations or eral Reserve, with its enormous power over ployment opportunity, this legislation takes actions on monetary policy matters; or third, the economy and the well-being of the Amer­ needed steps to both protect and sustain the any transactions made under the direction of ican people, does not meet the normal stand­ advances women have made. the FOMC. Our bill would remove the last two ards of accountability in a democracy. The bill It strives to guarantee opportunities, it does restrictions while retaining the restriction that Representative DORGAN and I are intro­ not create a false promise of success as some against GAO access to transactions with for­ ducing today will make the Fed more account­ other bills pending before Congress proclaim. eign central banks or foreign governments. able without impairing its ability to conduct I think it bears noting that from the founding The final provision of the bill would require monetary policy. The bill does not impose of our Nation, women were given a lesser sta­ that the Federal Reserve's annual budget be Presidential or congressional or other outside tus in the country's political and economic published in the budget of the U.S. Govern­ controls on Fed policy. Instead, our bill ad­ structures; and from our earliest history, efforts ment. The Fed would submit its budget for the dresses the complex problem of increasing have been made to replace these inequities current year and the two following years to the Federal Reserve accountability in a demo­ with the true moral promise America should President by October 16 of each year, and the cratic society without jeopardizing the Federal hold for all citizens. In recent decades, the ad­ President would be required to print the Fed's Reserve's independence or injecting politics vancement of women's rights and opportuni­ budget in the Government budget without into monetary policy. ties has been significant. Nevertheless, this change. The Federal Reserve Reform Act will not advancement is not complete. It will need to The Federal Reserve's expenditures are not cause revolutionary changes at the Federal reach into future generations and it will require subject to approval by either the President or Reserve. It is a very modest bill designed to consistent attention and support to be sus­ Congress, unlike the budgets of other Govern­ improve some of the Federal Reserve's prac­ tained. ment agencies. tices and procedures. In the 75 years since This bill deals very directly with the issue of Despite the fact that the Federal Reserve the Federal Reserve System was created, sexual harassment in the workplace and with takes in and spends billions of dollars each Congress has made a number of changes in domestic and street violence against women. year, the Federal Reserve's budget is not con­ its structure and procedures, adding respon­ These problems have affected the lives of mil­ veniently available to Congress or the public. sibilities and powers from time to time and pe­ lions of American women and should be the Only a small fraction of the Fed's $1.6 billion riodically revising its relationship with Con­ concern of all Americans. The bill expands the of operating expenses is included in the U.S. gress and the administration. The bill that remedies available to respond to sexual har­ Government budget for fiscal year 1992-just Representative DORGAN and I are introducing assment through Federal civil rights statutes. the $115 million of expenses incurred by the today continues this process by proposing a There are provisions in the bill which ad­ Board of Governors in Washington. The de­ handful of evolutionary changes in the prac­ dress some of the most compelling areas of tails on this part of the Fed's budget, only 7 tices and structure of the Federal Reserve. concern regarding sexual violence and the percent of the Federal Reserve's total spend­ rights of those who have been victims of such ing, appear in part 4 of the budget, at the very THE INTRODUCTION OF THE WOM­ crimes. It makes a very clear statement that end of the section entitled, "Government­ EN'S EQUAL OPPORTUNITY ACT violent sexual crimes will be dealt with more Sponsored Enterprises." OF 1991 seriously through increased penalties and re­ During 1991, the revenues of the Federal forms in Federal, civil, and criminal procedure. Reserve System will be about $20 billion. A HON. SUSAN MOUNARI It also gives victims new rights to respond to small fraction of these revenues, less than $1 concerns about potential AIDS transmission in OF NEW YORK billion, will consist of payments by banks for the course of a violent attack. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES services provided by the Fed. Most will consist These provisions and others in the bill, such of interest received from the Treasury on the Wednesday, February 27, 1991 as those addressing the issue of sex crimes Fed's holding of U.S. Government securities, Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, since January on campus, violence within families, and the which the Fed acquired during open market 31 , few Americans have contemplated the distribution of controlled substances to preg­ operations conducted for monetary policy pur­ noble aims or anguished over the terrible trag­ nant women, focus on some of today's most poses. Out of this $20 billion, paid mostly by edies of the Persian Gulf war without saying a widespread problems. taxpayers, the Federal Reserve will incur ap­ special prayer for Melissa Nealy-the first We, men and women, have for far too long proximately $1.7 billion in operating expenses. known female prisoner of war of Operation looked the other way when these issues be­ About $1 billion of this will be for personnel Desert Storm. came too painful to address. By even today's 4574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 action, we are ensuring a decrease in these SHABBAT ZACHOR SOVIETS MARCH WHILE WORLD incidents. We are once and for all letting the LOOKS AWAY country know we demand a nation where women are healthy, where women are given HON. CHFSTER G. ATKINS HON. Bill RICHARDSON opportunities, where women are safe. OF MASSACHUSETTS OF NEW MEXICO The legislation also takes some necessary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES steps in looking at the problem of the "glass IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ceiling" through the establishment of a Com­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, Prof. mission to study this question and make rec­ Arpad von Lazar has written an insightful arti­ ommendations for the removal of artificial bar­ Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to cle on the dangers of the world closing its riers to the advancement of women and mi­ commemorate Shabbat Zachor, the Sabbath eyes to the Soviet activities in the Baltic norities in business. of Remembrance, which was observed over States. Professor von Lazar's thesis is that the We may shatter the ceiling with our accu­ the weekend in memory of four young Jewish leaders in the U.S.S.R. are unreconstructed mulated frustrations from the years of inequi­ women from Damascus who were killed in brutish manipulators, and the United States ties, but I would rather direct my energies and 1977 while trying to escape into Lebanon from and its European allies, having never recog­ those of all women and men toward disman­ Syria. While the division of Lebanon by the vi­ nized the annexation of the Baltic Republics, tling the ceiling thoroughly and quickly-to­ cious regime of Syrian President Hafez ai­ should support the independence movements gether. With our efforts and the legislative Assad has been well-documented in the in Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia by making support of this bill, I believe we will find the media, the brutal activities of that government clear to Mr. Gorbachev that essential food, way to remove the barrier without showering against its Jewish citizens has not received credits, and economic assistance are at stake. ourselves with damaging glass shards. nearly as much attention as it deserves. Mr. I urge my colleagues to consider this well­ Let me conclude by expressing to Senator Speaker, the behavior of the Syrian Govern­ timed and informative message. DOLE my respect for his leadership on these ment is particularly disturbing given our SOVIETS MARCH WHILE WORLD LOOKS AWAY important issues. I hope that this Congress will present alliance with that regime against Iraq. (By Arpad von Lazar) count the passage of this legislation as one of Mr. Speaker, the 4,500 Jews in Syria live its most prominent achievements. The future (Arpad von Lazar is currently on sabbati­ with constant fear and intimidation. Although cal from his post as professor of inter­ of our daughters and sons depends on it. they are allowed to conduct their daily affairs, national politics at Tufts University's they are under continual surveillance by a Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.) The winds of the Gulf crisis partly muffled special branch of Syria's secret police, the the sounds of conflict in another part of the IN MEMORY OF PAUL EARL Makhabarat. Like blacks in South Africa, Syr­ world. While armies march over the sands of PEROTTI ian Jews are forced to carry identity cards and the Arabian desert, a few thousand Soviet are not allowed to vote or participate as can­ paratroopers and KGB units were extinguish­ didates in elections. The majority of the Jew­ ing the flames of freedom in Lithuania with HON. MERVYN M. DYMAUY ish community in Syria is concentrated in the surgical efficiency and calculated cold­ bloodedness. OF CALIFORNIA ghetto in Damascus. The Syrian Government During the past two weeks slowly but with has placed Palestinians in houses which were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES great determination, the central Soviet au­ once Jewish owned. Attempts at destroying thorities have been forcing the Lithuanian Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Syria's Jewish community is also evidenced authorities to give up nearly all of the day­ to-day vestiges of freedom, which they Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, Californians re­ by the government's confiscation and destruc­ tion of Damascus' Jewish cemetery, replacing fought for and won during last year when cently witnessed the loss of a brave and com­ perestroika was in its heyday. mitted law enforcement officer from the Cali­ it with a highway. That includes radio and television pro­ fornia Highway Patrol. I had the pleasure of The Syrian Government does not allow Jew­ gramming free of government censorship, at knowing Paul Earl Perotti when I served as ish emigration, leaving Jews to attempt illegal least partial freedom to act independently in Lieutenant Governor in California. Paul pro­ escape routes. If caught, such escapees are foreign affairs and the option for young men vided security for my family and me. imprisoned without charge or trial, and are from the Baltica to refuse to be drafted into often subject to interrogation and torture. Fur­ the Red Army. Paul had the distinction of working with Now all this freedom and exhilaration three Lieutenant Governors in California. He thermore, given the number of successful es­ seems to be slipping away. And while the was highly respected by those for whom he capes by able-bodied men, many women are world is much too preoccupied with the worked and by his colleagues. He was born unable to marry within their faith and are drumbeat of war in the Gulf, the Baltic re­ on April 12, 1946, and passed away on Feb­ forced to convert and marry outside their com­ publics are slowly slipping under the icy wa­ ruary 20, 1991. He is mourned by his wife munity. In this way, Mr. Speaker, the Jewish ters of intervention ordered by Moscow. The world is much too busy, much too pre­ Carole and children David, Michelle, and community of Syria is in danger of annihila­ Karrie. occupied and much too frightened by the tion. Gulf to notice anything chillingly peculiar His family dedicated these lines by Judy In addition to the denial of emigration rights, about the timing or method of the Soviet Dimbleby to him: travel abroad by Jewish citizens is severely re­ crackdown. SMILES IN SORROW stricted by Syria's Government. No complete But there is an uneasy sense of deja vu to Jewish families are allowed to leave Syria at the entire Baltic scenario. Actually, we have I saw you smile, I felt befriended seen it twice during the past decades. In 1956, It was a beautiful smile, it never ended. any one time. Those few who are allowed to when Soviet tanks crushed the Hungarian I shared it with many friends that day. leave are forced to post bonds as ransom for Revolution and in 1968 when the Czechs They passed it along, in the very same way. their return. found out what the limits of liberalization It will come back to you on some thoughtful Although President Assad agreed in 1989 to and independence were under the oppressive face. predecessors of Mikhail Gorbachev. When you need it most, at the right time and consider the reunification of divided Jewish families and to consider granting visas denied While the Soviets were "cleaning up" in place. Budapest and Prague respectively, the A friendly smile, a casual touch. to Syrian Jews, to date he has done nothing. French and the British were preoccupied These are the things that mean so much. Despite petitions from our State Department, with the Suez crisis in 1956, and in '68 the To know you are with us in our time of sor­ Assad's cruel treatment of Syria's Jews·contin­ Americans were totally consumed with the row. ues. Mr. Speaker, it is my firm belief that the punishing impact of the Vietnam war and a Sharing our prayers, today and tomorrow. near fratricidal electoral campaign. God give us comfort in the form of good Assad government's treatment of Jews ought to be placed high on our bilateral agenda with Thus while the great powers, and the world friends. press, turned their attention elsewhere, the May his peace be with you, his love never Syria, regardless of Syria's opportunistic par­ Red Army cleaned up with brutal efficiency. ends. ticipation in the coalition against Iraq. In the name of "fraternal socialist assist­ May he rest in peace. ance," independent governments were February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4575 thrown out, freedom of press muzzled and PENALTY-FREE WITHDRAWALS OF distributed out of individual retirement puppet governments were installed. INDEPENDENT RETIREMENT AC­ plans after the date of the enactment of this Up to this point last week's events in the COUNTS IN THE EVENT OF A Act, in taxable years ending after such date. Baltics bear an eerie resemblance to that of FEDERALLY DECLARED DISAS­ 1956 and 1968. TER But surely the world of the Soviet empire THE WOMEN'S HEALTH EQUITY has changed, argue some analysts and ob­ ACT OF 1991 servers of perestroika and glasnost. Is there HON. LEON E. PANETTA a distinction between the crushing of inde­ OF CALIFORNIA pendence movements and anticommunist IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. PATSY T. MINK OF HAWAII uprisings of decades ago and today's predica­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ment in the Baltic republics? Why are the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. PANETIA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Soviets doing it now? What is the likely out­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 come in case of further bloody confronta­ reintroduce legislation from the 101 st Con­ tions? And what should the U.S. and Western gress that will bring further relief for those who Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of response be? have suffered from recent natural disasters. the Women's Health Equity Act of 1991. The To sort out all the complicating factors is As we all know, these disasters have status of women's health is vital to our coun­ not exactly an easy task, but a few consider­ caused extensive damage to homes in these try. Children, families, the national economy ations might well be mulled over by our pol­ areas. In my area alone, hundreds of resi­ are all dependent upon the well-being of icy makers: dences have either been partially or totally de­ women. Yet, this has been an area of irre­ The Soviets, even the hardliners, have ac­ stroyed by the Lorna Prieta earthquake. The sponsible neglect. cepted the notion that the Soviet "external" victims of this devastating earthquake are still The Women's Health Equity Act is com­ empire is lost for good, no satellite in East­ literally picking up the pieces of what their prised of 22 bills that address women's health ern and Central Europe, no outposts in Asia concerns in the areas of research, health serv­ and Africa-the lone exception being a bank­ lives once were and are facing enormous fi­ nancial liabilities. ices, and prevention. rupt Fidel Castro limping along on dramati­ In the area of research, women have long cally reduced subsidies from Moscow. My legislation would allow individuals to been excluded in clinical study populations. In It appears that in the long raging dispute make penalty-free withdrawals from individual between hardline central power-oriented retirement accounts for the repair of damages a long-term study of coronary heart disease conservatives in Moscow and the secession­ to a principal residence caused by a federally risk factors, the multiple risk factor intervention ists in the provinces, Gorbachev decided to declared disaster. By waiving the 10-percent trials included 15,000 men and no women. throw in with the "centrists," who insist penalty for early withdrawal of individual retire­ The physician's health study demonstrated the that all secession efforts should be stopped ment accounts, victims of these catastrophic value of aspirin as a preventive therapy for with force, if necessary. disasters will be able to use their own funds coronary disease in a study of 22,071 men Gorbachev must have also decided that the without incurring additional liability. I believe and no women. A 1990 study of the correla­ somewhat chaotic and disorganized inde­ that this type of exception to the law is entirely tion between coffee drinking and heart disease pendent administrations of the Baltic repub­ appropriate. The waiver would only apply to included no women in its study population of lics would not be able to mount a successful those who wish to repair a primary residence 45,589. The extrapolation from this data of this internal opposition to Moscow's orders or type has long been questioned but the prac­ elicit enough international pressure to re­ and would not cover personal damages. This bill is designed solely to help rebuild homes tice of excluding women continues. verse a hardliner-instigated coup from with­ Research funding on diseases that tradition­ in-after all, the U.S., the Western allies, the with one's own resources. This is not only bet­ United Nations and just about everyone is ter for the Federal Government because it ally afflict women is scant. The National Insti­ much too busy with the thoughts and reality frees up these resources for those who do not tutes of Health spends only 13 percent of its of war in the Gulf. "We will talk about Lith­ have these funds, but it also allows the victims budget on women's health. uania after this other mess is over," they in­ of these disasters help themselves. I believe The Women's Health Equity Act includes sist. that both of these aspects of the bill are im­ funding for research on ovarian cancer, breast Of course, the question remains for the portant. cancer, osteoporosis, and infertility as well as U.S., are the events in the Baltica an inter­ I strongly encourage my colleagues to join legislation that would ensure the equitable nal Soviet affair? Or, if the Baltica deserve me in supporting additional relief to these vic­ treatment of women in health research. their freedom and independence do the tims by letting them help themselves. The Women's Health Equity Act also in­ Moldavians, Georgians, Armenians and all The text of the bill follows: cludes legislation addressing adolescent preg­ the rest deserve it too? H.R.- nancy, infant mortality, mammography stand­ The unfortunate fact of life is that politi­ ards, and AI OS prevention. cal expediency and principles of self-deter­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ resentatives of the United States of America in These issues are important not only to mination do not mix well. Yet there are women. They are important to families, em­ some fundamental considerations to observe Congress assembled, for our policy makers. SECTION 1. EXEMPTION FROM EARLY DISTRIBU· ployers, and communities because the health First of all, the Baltic republics are not TION PENALTY FOR WITHDRAWALS and well-being of women is essential to all of FROM INDMDUAL RETIREMENT us. just nationalistic inventions. They were an­ PLANS FOR REPAIR OF RESIDENCES nexed and raped as the result of the Nazi-So­ DAMAGED BY FEDERALLY DE· viet pact, an act we never recognized. Sec­ CLARED DISASTERS. ond, if the Moscow hardliners squeeze (a) IN GENERAL.-Paragraph (2) of section ENHANCING FEDERAL EMPLOY­ Vilnius and Riga, there is no reason on earth 72(t) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (re­ EE'S RIGHTS UNDER ADEA why we and our European allies should not lating to exceptions to 10-percent additional make it clear to Mr. Gorbachev that food, tax on early distributions) is amended by HON. BilL GREEN credits and economic assistance are not a adding at the end the following new para­ OF NEW YORK matter of entitlement for them in this win­ graph: ter of deep popular discontent in the Soviet "(E) DISASTER REPAIR EXPENSES.-Any dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Union. tribution out of an individual retirement plan to pay expenses incurred by the dis­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 And third, we should not fool ourselves by tributee for the repair, rehab111tation, recon­ Mr. GREEN of New York. Mr. Speaker, our own wishful thinking and media-hype in struction, or replacement of a principal resi­ today I rise to introduce legislation which search of a "nice-guy" Soviet leader. The So­ dence damaged or destroyed by reason of a viet leadership is still a largely unreformed would amend the Age Discrimination in Em­ federally declared disaster occurring after ployment Act of 1967 [ADEA] with respect to nasty and brutish collection of orthodox September 1, 1989. For purposes of this sub­ power manipulators. paragraph, the term 'federally declared dis­ administrative proceedings applicable to Let us not forget that in the Soviet Union aster' means any disaster referred to in sec­ claims of discrimination in Federal employ­ the revolution of democracy has not yet tion 165(i)(1).". ment. My legislation seeks to provide Federal begun. (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendment employees who allege age discrimination the made by this section shall apply to amounts same procedures and remedies as those af- 4576 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 forded Federal employees alleging other forms CAN WE AFFORD AN UNCERTAIN [From the Los Angeles Times, Feb. 10, 1991] of discrimination. TRUMPET? CAN WE AFFORD AN UNCERTAIN TRUMPET? Since 1974, when the Age Discrimination in (By Amos A. Jordan) Employment Act was amended to include Fed­ In his State of the Union Address, the eral employees, the Equal Employment Op­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO President tried yet again to convince the portunity Commission [EEOC] and the courts American people of the rightness of his OF CALIFORNIA stance in the Gulf. But, despite his argu­ have reached disparate conclusions on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments and similar efforts over the last six rights of Federal employees who file age dis­ months by his secretary of state, other sen­ crimination complaints. Overall, Federal em­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ior Administration officials, and many of our ployees have been afforded fewer rights and friends and allies, a substantial number of remedies. Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I would Americans seem unconvinced. True, 75 or 80 Currently, Federal employees who allege like to bring to the attention of my colleagues percent of the American people, according to a recent Los Angeles Times editorial by Mr. the latest polls, support U.S. policy in the age discrimination and chose the administra­ Gulf, including the military operation there. tive adjudication process are not entitled to at­ Amos A. Jordan, president of the Pacific Forum of the Center for Strategic and Inter­ But that leaves millions opposed, some vio­ torney's fees and costs at the administrative lently, and no amount of explanation of war level, even though Federal employees with national Studies, Honolulu, regarding the ne­ aims or visions of a new world order seems to cessity for the American people to support the other types of discrimination complaints are move them. U.S. policy and military operation in the Gulf. entitled to such fees and costs. The courts Does it matter that we differ? Aren't we Although I respect the fundamental right to entitled, as a basic freedom, to dissent, to have held that fees and costs may not be freedom of speech, demonstrations in opposi­ debate the pros and cons of such great issues awarded to Federal employees who prevail at tion to the gulf war may shape its outcome. as war and peace? the administrative level [Kennedy v. White­ For this reason, it is imperative that the Amer­ I believe it does matter, for Saddam Hus­ hurst, 690 F.2d 951, (DC Cir. 1982) and Palm­ sein and others who do not have a clear un­ ican people support the events in the Persian er v. General Services Administration, 787 derstanding of our system can misinterpret Gulf. F.2d 300, (8th Cir. 1986)]. The Comptroller the dissent they see and hear as American Currently, demonstrators against the war weakness. Indeed, in a recent interview on General has also issued a decision that "suffi­ have given false assurances to Saddam Hus­ CNN, he pointedly thanked anti-war dem­ cient statutory authority does not exist which sein, who has misinterpretated the American onstrators for their efforts; he clearly views would allow the agency [EEOC] to award at­ public's opposition to the war. Though the them as allies in helping him to evade the torney fees at the administrative level." [B- U.N. mandates to reverse his aggression American opposition to the war is only 20 to against Kuwait. If his misinterpretation pro­ 215672] Accordingly, a settlement agreement 30 percent, Saddam Hussein has interpreted in which the agency awards attorney fees at longs the war and costs thousands of lives, is this opposition as support for his policies. that an appropriate price to pay for the the administrative level is prohibited. The leg­ Thus, giving him the jurisdiction to carry out privilege of appearing on network news islation that I offer today would eliminate this his own objectives. He clearly views them as shouting slogans? inconsistency by making it clear that attorney allies in helping him to evade the U.N. man­ I do not mean to trivialize the issue of free fees and costs could be awarded at the ad­ speech during wartime, nor do I argue dates to reverse his aggression against Ku­ against protests prior to the beginning of ministrative level to a Federal employee alleg­ wait. ing age discrimination. hostilities. But once the battle has been The ramifications of Saddam Hussein's mis­ joined, the case is dramatically altered. In In addition to the attorney fees issue, there interpretation of American opposition could his State of the Union Address, the President are conflicting decisions as to whether the prove detrimental. The opposition gives Sad­ reaffirmed the right and value of dissent: statute of limitations is tolled when a Federal dam an unwarranted premise to carry out his "The fact that all voices have the right to employee alleging age discrimination files a policies. As a result, the war may be need­ speak out is one of the reasons we've been united in purpose and principle for 200 complaint with the EEOC or whether a Federal lessly prolonged. The possibilities of employee must file a civil action to preserve years." casualities directly related to this issue are evi­ The President should have added that prior his or her rights. [Purti/1 v. Harris, 658 F.2d dent. to battle all the arguments, pro and con, 134, (3rd Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 462 U.S. Moreover, domestic dissent, especially dur­ were brought out in Congress during the 1131, (1983)] The court in Purtill held that, if ing wartime involvement, fundamentally con­ longest continuous debate in that institu­ a complainant chooses the option of filing a tradicts the policies being carried out in the tion's history, and in discussions, town complaint with the EEOC, then that individual Middle East. Mr. Jordan refers to the evolution meetings, demonstrations and news pro­ grams. But, the votes having been taken, the may not file a civil action until the EEOC takes of the current war situation to illustrate his final action on the complaint. troops committed, the battle joined, can we point: afford to sound an uncertain trumpet? The Unless the ·EEOC takes final action before . . . the votes having been taken, the question is not one of "right" but of wisdom . the statute of limitations expires, the complain­ troops committed, the battle joined, can we Surely it is now time to close ranks and ant, by having elected to pursue an adminis­ afford to sound an uncertain trumpet? demonstrate not 75 percent or 80 percent for trative remedy, would foreclose any oppor­ Dissent and protest during wartime activities the men and women putting their lives on tunity to sue. My legislation seeks to remedy the line, but 100 percent. contradicts, undermines, and criticizes the It is not possible to support the troops that problem by allowing Federal employees very essence of the policies being carried out. who file timely complaints with the Commis­ while continuing to criticize the policy that However, Americans should be capable of has placed them in the Gulf. If the policy is sion the ability to commence a civil action 180 supporting the troops, while still dissenting the worthless, then so is the cause that our sol­ days after filing such a complaint. This option ongoing policies. Ultimately, it will be the mo­ diers are fighting for, and continued opposi­ would expire 30 days after final action on such rale of the men and women fighting for our tion will ultimately sap their morale. a complaint is taken by the Commission. country that will suffer, and that will be the Beyond the risks their actions raise-of In closing, I should like to take this oppor­ greatest injustice of all. being misinterpreted, of prolonging the war tunity to commend the American Bar Associa­ and increasing casualties as a result-the The people of America need to realize that war protestors should contemplate another tion for adopting a resolution in support of the their voice and actions has a direct impact on risk: What if they succeed, stop the war and proposed changes to the ADEA. I should also the happenings in the gulf. While currently in­ cause the international effort against ag­ like to encourage my colleagues to cosponsor volved in wartime operations, the dissenting gression to fail? Are they prepared to live this important initiative. After all, I do not be­ American public opinion has unfavorable ef­ with the results of their actions-the cata­ lieve that it was or is the intention of Congress fects. These risks encompass misinterpreta­ strophic consequences for Kuwait and its to treat Federal employees alleging age dis­ tions by Saddam Hussein. His assumptions Gulf neighbors, for the future of the United crimination any differently from Federal em­ Nations, for the prospects of a new world may prolong the war, and thus increase cas­ order and America's role as a contributor to ployees alleging other forms of discrimination. ualties. On the one hand, supporting our international peace and stability? Adoption of this legislation will ensure fairness troops can only promote morale, and show The press shares an especially heavy re­ and equity to all Federal employees fighting Saddam Hussein that he has no allies in this sponsibility for the way the American public age discrimination. country. will respond as hostilities proceed. The con- February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4577 flict between the military's desire to deny The Dodecanisian Islands are undeniably paging industry currently employs measures the enemy information and the media's in­ Greek in character. Aside from their obvious which may potentially deter abuse--credit sistence on the right of the people to be fully beauty, perhaps one of the most intriguing as­ checks, proof of ownership, and fees-it is ap­ informed is an old one. It can reach new pects of the islands is their unique variety of heights in the Gulf area, both because of the parent to me that this is not enough. Additio~ instantaneous and simultaneous trans­ classical, Byzantine, Crusader, Turkish, and ally, despite these policies, a phenomenal mission of electronic information into Amer­ Italian influence which add to their character number of young people have been arrested ica's living rooms and Saddam Hussein's and charm. with pagers in their possession than in pre­ headquarters and because of the intensity of The islands of Greece are indeed a beau­ vious years according to law enforcement offi­ the media's Gulf coverage-something like tiful and enchanting land. Rich in history and cials. It is clear that not enough in this regard 800 reporters are now there, chafing to get a culture, they are unlike any in the world. The is being done; we need to do more. story. people of Greece and the Dodecanisian Soci­ Far too much rhetoric about this issue has Somehow a better balance must be struck. As Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist John eties of Maryland rightfully are proud and I been spewed; decisive action is what is need­ Hughes recently wrote: "The reporters need share in their joy on the occasion of this anni­ ed to affect any noticeable change in this re­ to learn and develop more perspective on versary. gard. While the circular rhetoric on the issue what is reasonable to report. The military Likewise, our own country is rich in history continues, impotent and ineffectual, drug deal­ needs to develop much more sophistication and tradition thanks to the diverse culture ers are busy talking their way into successful of its handling of the press. To some soldiers, which we all bring to this great land. Groups drug deals, to greater society's detriment. the press seems a nuisance in wartime. But such as the Dodecanisian Societies of Mary­ Let's put the rhetoric aside and move ahead. the quest for public support of the Bush Ad­ land have kept alive their traditions and history Mr. Speaker, the bill I have introduced is ministration's objectives in the Gulf is as important as the m111tary's drive and valor for future generations to enjoy. one of many measures needed to solve the on the battlefield." Mr. Speaker, my fellow colleagues, I con­ problem of young people misusing beepers Above all, we as a people need to recognize gratulate the Dodecanisian Societies of Mary­ and pagers. I believe that we can, in fact we that we have direct impact-whether for land on the occasion of the 43d anniversary of must, do more to curtail the alternatives which good or ill-on the course of events in the the Dodecanisian Islands unification with drug dealers have to clandestinely peddle their Gulf and will bear a large measure of respon­ Greece and wish them prosperity in the years wares, unchecked and untraced. sibility for the ultimate outcome of the con­ to come. My proposal is not only directed at young flict. All of us, but particularly those in­ people, but also at those individuals who oper­ clined to continue opposing the war, need to ate by using young people to run drugs. I face the consequences of the policy choices BEEPER ABUSE PREVENTION ACT we make. have put forth a mechanism that will lead to (Amos A. Jordan is a member of the Presi­ OF 1991 and expose the older drug dealers and suppli­ dent's Intelligence Oversight Board and ers. In the past, older dealers have eluded po­ president of the Pacific Forum of the Center HON.KWEISIMRJME lice investigations by distancing themselves for Strategic and International Studies, Hon­ OF MARYLAND from the actual transaction, thus making it dif­ olulu.) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ficult to prosecute and convict them in drug-re­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 lated crimes. Now we have an opportunity to take decisive steps to combat drug trafficking DODECANISIAN SOCIETIES OF Mr. MFUME. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to by regulating some of the tools of the drug MARYLAND CELEBRATE 43D AN­ acknowledge the efforts of the many tele­ trade. NIVERSARY OF THE UNIFICA­ communications companies who have taken We simply cannot miss this opportunity be­ TION OF THE DODECANISIAN IS­ the initiative to address the growing problem cause of the many lives at stake, especially LANDS WITH GREECE of drug dealers using beepers and pagers to those of young people. Nor can we allow facilitate drug transactions on every level. drugs to flow uninhibited into our communities, HON. HELEN DEUCH BENil.EY Many companies have found that their circuits in the open air drug markets, and in our yards. OF MARYLAND have been overloaded by the continuous use Although the legislation I have introduced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the switchboard by drug dealers. will not solve the drug crisis in its entirety, I More companies are now turning to the idea Wednesday, February 27, 1991 am convinced that this is a definitive step in of imposing a surcharge for every call made the right direction and is indicative of the kind Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, over a certain number as a way to deter drug of efforts we must consider if we are serious March 3, I will have the honor and pleasure of activity. Revenue from these measures will be about illicit drug trafficking. attending the 43d anniversary celebration of channeled to drug counseling efforts. Appro­ the unification of the Dodecanisian Islands priately, the surcharges will not be applied to with mother Greece hosted by the public safety and emergency medical profes- A TRIBUTE TO FRANKLYN Dodecanisian Societies of Maryland. sions. JENIFER, PRESIDENT OF HOW- The Dodecanisian Societies of Maryland is Though such efforts are noteworthy in the ARD UNIVERSITY composed of three groups: the Rhodean Soci­ war on drugs, they are minuscule when com- ety, Diagoras of Maryland, the Halkian Ladies pared to the benefit drug dealers realize as a Society of St. Johns of Maryland, and the result of transactions made with the use of HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY Olympus Society of Karpathos of Maryland. All beepers and pagers. I am convinced that the OF CALIFORNIA three will join together on Sunday, March 3, to telecommunications industry must take a more IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES celebrate the unification of the Dodecanisian aggressive stand and become directly involved Islands with Greece. in abating this blight on society. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 These beaufitul islands located in the Ae­ Mr. Speaker, overall, I am pleased to see Mr. DYMALL Y. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to gean Sea were ruled by the Turks for approxi­ that many paging companies have taken a pay tribute to Franklyn Jenifer, president of mately 500 years. Yet the people of these is­ positive approach to this problem and are now Howard University. His distinguished career lands never relinguished their religion, culture, realizing that we can no longer allow these de- spans over 20 years of academic and admi~ or language. More recently, the Italians gov­ vices to be used to facilitate drug deals of any istrative services. His struggle to overcome erned the islands for approximately 36 years type. I believe that the industry should join obstacles and setbacks should be inspirational until the British occupation near the close of others, unrestrained, in their efforts to stem to many of our youth. However, his vision of World War II and were united subsequently the trafficking of drugs in our communities. involving Howard University in the problems of with Greece in 1947. During the Second World They should take the initiative in this regard the developing world and in promoting eco­ War, the islands fought valiantly to keep the rather than take the back seat. nomic empowerment in the Africa~American Germans from entering Greece. The persever­ The drug problem is multifaceted and has community should be inspirational to us all. ance and fortitude of character which the peo­ permeated many areas. Therefore, it stands to I would like to share with my colleagues, the ple of the Dodecanisian Islands embody is reason that the fight against drugs must also following February 10, 1991, Los Angeles truly remarkable. be waged on diverse fronts as well. While the Times with President Jenifer. 4578 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 [From the Los Angeles Times, Feb. 10, 1991] particular culture. . . . It just so happens both internally and externally, that those FRANKLYN JENIFER-T AKING HOWARD that when they say black university, people who benefit are less qualified? UNIVERSITY INTO SLUM NEIGHBORHOODS have the sense of separatism and national­ A: I think what you have to do . . . is (By Jacob Weisberg) ism, where it's nothing but as much a part of make sure that people understand that there the American higher-education scene as the are standards for admission, and no student WASHINGTON.-Franklyn G. Jenifer has others. written articles on diseases of the turnip and should be admitted that is below those the effect of test results on minority college Q: What's life like for white students at standards. admissions. A plant-virologist-turned-aca­ Howard? Q: There have been some demands that demic-administrator, Jenifer began to at­ A: We don't ask them. We don't think of Howard adopt a more Afrocentric curricu­ tract national attention last spring, when he them as anything other than students. lum. What would that mean? was named president of Howard, the nation's Q: I wonder how it compares to life for A: I have believed all my life that histori­ premier black university. black students at predominantly white uni­ cal black institutions have a responsibility He is no stranger to the place. Born and versities. to ensure that young people who come [to raised in Northeast Washington, Jenifer, 51 A: Considerably better, I can guarantee Howard] should receive some understanding first applied to Howard in 1957, but was re­ you .... Black students at white institu­ of their culture, their history. That does not jected because of his poor grades and test tions have, for the last 10 or 15 years, been mean scholarship changes. It is something scores. He took a job as a messenger at the victims of racial problems. I don't think that exerts itself in the being of the institu­ Library of Congress and studied Russian in Howard has ever had a situation like that, at tion. It manifests itself when you walk his spare time. A semester later, he was ac­ least to my knowledge. [Whites] may feel un­ across the campus. cepted. comfortable because they're in a majority In certain courses where it lends itself to Jenifer completed a B.S. in microbiology black environment, but in terms of the way it, one would expect a more expansive inter­ in 1962 and an M.S. in 1965. After receiving they're treated, you don't go into our lava­ pretation of sociology or history than you his Ph.D. from the University of Maryland, tories and see comments like: Get out white would find in other institutions.... If you he taught at Rutgers, where he was named students. wind up taking a history course at a female associate provost in 1977. Most recently, Q: Race has become an obsessive pre­ institution, one would expect that the role of Jenifer served as chancellor of the Massa­ occupation at college campuses. Is it less of women in history would be magnified and chusetts Board of Regents of Higher Edu­ an issue at a predominantly black institu­ spoken about, so that those students feel cation, where he oversaw three universities tion? good about that. If you were talking about and 24 colleges with a total enrollment of A: It's an issue, but it manifests itself European history in a Jewish class or school, 170,000. much differently. At white institutions, you I would expect that you would talk about the Brought on in the wake of student protests see the issue of race regularly. Often it's role the Jews played in it. That's legitimate that led to the resignation of his prede­ raised in fits of anger. When it's raised on history. cessor, James E. Cheek, Jenifer was chosen black colleges and campuses, it's not raised The press and the public make it appear by the board of trustees in part to help How­ in the context of chauvinism or bigotry. It's that those who talk about Afrocentrism are ard compete for top black students and raise usually raised in a political context. By po­ doing something unique. In fact, they're the university's flagging reputation. His am­ litical context, I mean students being con­ talking about nothing more than what has bitions, however, go far beyond that. Jenifer cerned that their institution may lose its been going on in America for years. When says he wants Howard to become more in­ flavor, its heritage, or its cultural orienta­ blacks talk about it, people view it as sepa­ volved in the problems of the developing tion. ratist, as negative, as nationalistic. When world and in the ghettos of the District of Q: Are you distressed to see Howard losing others do it, they see it as pride in their Columbia. He intends to use the institution's those who would be among its best students background and their culture. Why that is considerable resources to promote black eco­ to schools like Harvard and Yale because of the case is something that stretches my nomic empowerment and to assist in revital­ affirmative-action programs? imagin'ation. izing neighboring slum areas that abut the A: I don't think so. I think each student Q: Do you think there is any merit to the campus. has to make those kinds of judgments. How­ proposal to introduce Afrocentric principles The product of a broken home-his father ard University is not the place for all stu­ to the D.C. public school system? abandoned the family when he was 5 and dents. We like to think we are, but clearly a A: One has to be very careful when one is didn't return until Jenifer was in college-he lot of students will have other options, and talking about public schools and the public has been married for 27 years. His three they may do much better at Harvard or Yale environment. Public schools by their defini­ grown children live in New Jersey. or any other school. tion are schools that are open to all people, Speaking in his office overlooking the The semantics of affirmative action lead and should be cognizant of the needs of all of campus, Jenifer began guardedly but became people to think that individuals are admit­ the people. . . . The thread that has to be more animated and jovial as the conversa­ ted when they h31ve lesser qualifications constant is that there should be no dilution tion continued. His manner is understated, than the majority ot the population. No mat­ of quality. There should be no creation of donnish. He spent the better part of an hour ter how well they perform, it is always the non-existent history. filling and fidgeting with his pipe, but did view of the majority that they've been given Q: What other kinds of changes would you not manage to get it lit until after he fin­ some kind of a break and they are not as like to see in D.C. schools, or in urban school ished talking. good as they are. I think that is not a pleas­ districts around the country? Question: The need for separate black uni­ ant and healthy environment for any popu­ A: I think it's very important that we en­ versities was clear at the time you were a lation, particularly black students. sure, we give every individual in our city­ student here before integration. How can you When we talk about affirmative action, it regardless of the circumstances of his or her explain the place of black universities now? should not be-and has not been in my inter­ birth and environment-a true opportunity Answer: When you say black institutions, pretation-a circumstance of giving special to be successful. Even when we are imagina­ the opinion ... most people have is that breaks to a population or people. What it tive, there is always a small population, usu­ these are exclusively black institutions. One should mean, and hopefully does mean, is ally a city within a city, where things are has to keep in mind at Howard University that you've looking for a diverse population the most desperate and people live under the that the first students who attended were of individuals and you give weight to an indi­ most difficult circumstance. Often there is white. It's always had an integrated faculty. vidual's differences. That should be no more one parent at home. Often that one parent is I'm only the fourth black president. Our pop­ the case for black students than it should be working or, if not working, is involved in ulation of faculty members who happen to be for students from the Midwest or from the some activity that is not conducive to a white is higher than the population of people East. You try to choose a student population healthy home environment. The neighbor­ in predominantly white institutions who of different socioeconomic circumstances, so hoods are rough. Drugs are prevalent. Their · happen to be black. If America's higher edu­ that the classroom is not a monotonous en­ colleagues and friends are dying off at a very cation was integrated as well as Howard Uni­ vironment. That, I believe, is appropriate af­ rapid rate, not from disease but from homi­ versity is, we wouldn't have any problems in firmative action .... cide. the nation. Unfortunately, that's not the way it has Our present structure to try to change It is the same if you were to go to Yeshiva, worked in America. And many people believe their lives during school time is crying in or Notre Dame, or Georgetown. The concept that people are allowed to get in when stand­ the wind. These young people have to go there-as the concept here-[is] that people ards would not normally admit them. Where home and suffer very bad situations. feel they have a rich culture, and that edu­ that is the case, I think those people have We've got two choices. We can either cation should reflect that culture and those bastardized it. That was never its intent. change the environment in which those values. It's not exclusively Jewish or exclu­ Q: How do you have an affirmative-action young people live-which I don't see occur­ sively Catholic, but if you go there, you ex­ program that increases the number of minor­ ring any time in the next, I won't say mil­ pect to understand and get a feel for that ity students yet does not create the stigma, lennium--or we can take them artifically February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4579 out of that environment. For that popu­ A: I don't think he's on any track.... The task force at hearings in Washington, DC, and lation of students, I would recommend there whole notion that one is going to cure the in Santa Barbara. Among the major points in be urban residential schools-schools that drug prob"Iem in America by stopping the my testimony, I expressed by opposition to run 24 hours a day, where not only do they supply is contradicted by history.... Wher­ get the good things that other kids get to ever there is a demand, there will always be placing the full burden of OCS development have in the daytime, but they also get the somebody who is creating the supply. The on the environmentally sensitive Santa Bar­ same good things that they get during the demand has to be addressed. I think edu­ bara Channel. The environmentally sensitive other hours. That sometimes scares people cation is the long-term answer. and highly valuable resources of the Channel to death, especially liberals. But the point I Q: Howard is one of the wealthiest black Islands National Park and the Channel Islands make is-that's not unusual. . . . Rich peo­ institutions in the country. How can it use National Marine Sanctuary deserve additional ple have always had residential schools to resources to promote the kind of black eco­ consideration before making a leasing deci­ send their kids to. nomic empowerment you talk about? sion. Q: Where would you get the money to pay A: That's a big part of my agenda. I think for this idea-in the middle of an expensive economics is critical. To be a player, you Until Americans can reduce their high levels war? have to have assets. If you're in a poker of oil consumption, conservation, renewable A: The 24-hour boarding-school model is game, you need to ante up. If you don't have and alternative energy sources, and research one extreme. The other extreme is simply an assets, you can't play. . . . Black colleges and development of new energy sources must extended day. The point is not to choose one and universities have financial power. We accompany strong domestic oil production in or the other model, but to address the prob­ can help ourselves as we help our community order to reduce our country's dangerous de­ lem of the relationship of a student's life in if we use the wherewithal of our institutions school to his life after school. You don't an­ pendence on imported foreign oil. However, it to develop businesses, develop our neighbor­ is both unwise and unfair to focus further pro­ ticipate doing many of these schools-only hoods. If we spur economic activity, we can for those parts of the city where students are reap financial rewards, at the same time en­ duction on the California OCS in one environ­ in serious jeopardy. In large cities, I suring that our minority community part­ mentally delicate area. wouldn't anticipate more than one or two. In ners are major players. Everybody benefits. The legislation that I am introducing today these cities, the cost of educating a child is It's the American way. will provide needed permanent protection to already very high, and I expect the difference the Channel Islands National Park and the would not be significant But even if it costs Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary, a lot to do it, it would cost 10 times as much LEGISLATION TO PROTECT THE not to. and it will allow the rest of the Santa Barbara Q: There has recently been something of a SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL Channel to receive the additional consider­ debate about the term "underclass." Some ation that its valuable natural resources de­ liberal sociologists such as Herbert Gans HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO mand. have argued that it stigmatizes the poor as OF CALIFORNIA responsible for their own conditions. Do you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think it's still an appropriate term? CALVIN STATHAM SINGERS A: Again, too often, we get caught up in se­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 CELEBRATE 40TH ANNIVERSARY mantics. To the degree that occurs, I think Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, last he's right, but I think if we focus too much attention on it, it can be a problem. Clearly, week, the U.S. Department of the Interior's HON. HELEN DEUCH BENnEY the reality is that poverty has become al­ Mineral Management Service issued the draft OF MARYLAND most a genetic phenomenon, with generation proposal of the comprehensive Outer Con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES after generation bred back into that same tinental Shelf [OCS] National Gas and Oil Re­ circumstance. To talk about semantics of source Management Program for 1992-97. In Wednesday, February 27, 1991 the word, whether they're underclass or not accordance with President Bush's rec­ Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, my fellow col­ underclass, serves scholarly intent, perhaps. ommendations made last year, under this plan leagues, I rise today to congratulate the Calvin But when someone has their foot on your more than 99 percent of the California coast neck, you don't want a definition of what is Statham Singers on the celebration of their a shoe or a heel or a black or a white foot. will be off-limits to new oil and gas leasing 40th anniversary. You want the foot off your neck. until after the year 2000. The plan also in­ For 40 years the Calvin Statham Singers Q: Are programs that replace welfare with cludes a moratorium on leasing in the Santa have been performing inspirational music as a workfare on the right track? Barbara Channel until the year 1996. community-church oriented group in the small A: I think too often they do not take into Today I am introducing legislation that steel company town of Sparrows Point, MD. consideration all the circumstances of people would allow the environmentally sensitive To invest four decades of hard work and dedi­ who are on welfare programs now. It's very Santa Barbara Channel to enjoy the same cation to such an endeavor truly is commend­ difficult for people who don't understand that culture to try to act as though they leasing prohibition shared by almost the entire able. have the solution. I think we have to create California coast. My bill would prohibit the In addition to providing a beautiful com­ an environment that is conducive to bring­ Secretary of the Interior from issuing any new pliment to church services, the group is also ing more and more poor people into the eco­ oil and gas leases in the Santa Barbara Chan­ well known for its secular performances. The nomic mainstream. We've talked about in­ nel until the year 2001. Additionally, my bill group has appeared on nationally broadcast centives to encourage businesses to move would permanently ban any leasing activity in television shows and literally has traveled the into urban centers, we've talked about incen­ the Channel Islands National Marine Sanc­ world, including a trip to Vietnam in 1966 to tives to encourage minority people to go into business. That is the kind of thing that I tuary and the Federal ecological preserve and perform for our troops. think goes to the heart of our problem. buffer zone, The talent and ability of the group exempli­ Q: Jack Kemp talks about incentives and The waters off the coasts of Santa Barbara fies its members' commitment and devotion to privatization and uses some of the same lan­ and Ventura Counties have experienced more their work. Union Baptist Church and the com­ guage you do. Is he on the right track? OCS drilling activity than any other area of munities of Dundalk and Sparrows Point truly A: I think he uses some of the same lan­ California. For more than two decades, the are fortunate to be graced with the Calvin guage I do. I don't know how serious he is. I memories of oil-soaked beaches and thou­ Statham Singers. Through providing inspira­ do believe there are some similarities be­ tween the things that he and I say. I don't sands of dead sea birds that were the result tional and gospel music, the work of the Cal­ think these things are right or left philo­ of a 1969 offshore blowout in the Santa Bar­ vin Statham Singers has benefited the church, sophically; I think we have become much bara Channel· have haunted onshore commu­ the community, and the entire Nation. more cognizant of the importance of eco­ nities and added an ominous shadow to the Although it may not seem that their work di­ nomics, and more cognizant of the nature of platforms that can be seen from the coast. rectly has changed the world, we all play our the struggle that we're involved in. I'm not Though I believe that some offshore develop­ own part in shaping the world for better or for saying throw away the social agenda. I'm ment can proceed responsibly and safely, I worse with our actions and deeds, and it is for saying open up a second front. I just think that heretofore we've only done one, and I also believe that the Santa Barbara Channel this reason I commend the Calvin Statham don't think that's productive. has borne more than its fair share of the bur­ Singers. Q: How about former drug czar Bill Ben­ den of OCS production. I salute the members of the Calvin Statham nett? Did you think he was on the right Twice in 1989, I submitted testimony to the Singers and congragulate them on 40 years of track? Presidenfs OCS leasing and development faithful and dedicated work. May they continue 4580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 their fine tradition and may God bless them in roads will move next season into a new $3.8 THE WOMEN'S EQUAL the years to come. million facility. OPPORTUNITY ACT OF 1991 The play "Black Eagles" celebrates the struggles and achievements of black fighter pi­ HON. SUSAN MOUNARI BLACK EAGLES lots during the campaigns for Italy and Ger­ many during 1944-45. This fictionalized story OF NEW YORK HON. DONALD M. PAYNE is told on the stage through reminiscences of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW JERSEY three veterans of the war. It is through flash­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES backs to characterizations of their younger Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 selves in wartime Italy that the courageous troducing the Women's Equal Opportunity Act Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I story of these American heroes is told. This is of 1991 along with 12 of my colleagues. This am proud to rise and bring to the attention of entertainment with a punch. There are some bill is a companion to one that Senator DOLE my colleagues a theater production, "Black light moments of the airmen passing time in introduced last week. Eagles," currently in performance at the his­ the barracks, but there are also scenes of This legislation will address problems that toric Ford's Theatre here in Washington. confrontation with institutionalized racism. Arch exist for women in the following areas: On-the­ "Black Eagles" is a fictionalized dramatization Campbell, theater critic for WRC-TV, has said job sexual harassment, sexual and domestic based on· the heroic exploits of the first Afri­ of the show: " 'Black Eagles' is the most emo­ violence, and employment opportunity. The can-American combat pilots who fought with tional show on the stage this month. It's a mix­ Women's Equal Opportunity Act of 1991 takes great distinction in World War II and who were ture of heartbreak, pride, and redemption that the needed steps to both protect and sustain known as the Tuskegee Airmen. "Black Ea­ I guarantee will lift your spirits and gladden the advances women have made in these gles" can be seen at the Ford's Theatre your heart." areas. through March 3, 1991 before it moves to the Nevertheless, these fictionalized characters The position of women in American society Manhattan Theatre Club in New York City are based on the real black aviators who were continues to change, propelled by social, eco­ where it is currently scheduled to run from genuine heroes in action during World War II nomic, and military forces-and we need to March 26 through May 17. and who served in segregated units of the ensure that our public policies and our judicial Leslie Lee's "Black Eagles" was developed U.S. military and therefore struggled for free­ system adapt to this change. at Crossroads Theatre Company in New The Women's Equal Opportunity Act of dom on two fronts. Their success in the battle Brunswick, NJ and had its world premiere 1991 strives to gurantee opportunities, it does of the skies and their courage and determina­ there in February 1990. It was conceived and not create a false promise of success as some directed by Ricardo Khan, the producing artis­ tion in overcoming the established prejudices other bills pending before Congress proclaim. tic director at Crossroads. Dr. Roscoe C. of the day were principal elements which influ­ I think it bears noting that from the founding Brown, president of Bronx Community College enced President Harry Truman to order the of our Nation, women were given a lesser sta­ and a Tuskegee airman who is credited as U.S. military desegregated in 1948. To borrow tus in the country's political and economic being the first black fighter pilot to shoot down a line from Leslie Lee: "They paved the way structures; and from our earliest history, efforts a Nazi jet fighter during the war, provided have been made to replace these inequities technical assistance. I was fortunate enough to have attended the with the true moral promise America should Now in its 13th season, Crossroads Theatre opening night of "Black Eagles" at Ford's and hold for all citizens. In recent decades, the ad­ under the leadership of Mr. Khan is recog­ was there to see Gen. Benjamin 0. Davis, an vancement of women's rights and opportuni­ nized as one of the country's preeminent Afri­ American hero and the leader of the Tuskegee ties has been significant. Nevertheless, this can-American theater companies and a leader Airmen, honored during the festivities. He was advancement is not complete. It will need to in today's professional regional movement. presented with a crystal eagle by Frankie reach into future generations and it will require Crossroads has in recent years had great suc­ Hewitt, executive producer at Ford's Theatre, consistent attention and support to be sus­ cess in producing new plays in New Bruns­ to a standing ovation by an audience which tained. wick that have then moved into New York appropriately enough included Chairman of This bill deals very directly with the issue of City. In 1989-90, while they were producing a the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Colin Powell, sexual harassment in the workplace and with full season in their home theater, three Cross­ Brig. Gen. Marcelite Harris, and a complete domestic and street violence against women. roads productions-"Spunk, and Further Mo," contingent of the real Tuskegee Airmen. It was These problems have affected the lives of mil­ and "Ground People" (also known as "The a moving, historic moment. lions of American women and should be the Rabbit Foot") had New York runs. In addition, I would like to congratulate Leslie Lee and concern of all Americans. The bill expands the a third play, "Sheila's Day," had a run at Sym­ Ricardo Khan for a collaboration which has remedies available to respond to sexual har­ phony Hall in Newark before moving to the brought to public attention these long-ne­ assment through Federal civil rights statutes. Ford's Theatre and then on a tour of the glected American heroes, the Tuskegee Air­ There are provisions in the bill which ad­ northeast and Canada. More recently, Cross­ men, and their heroic exploits as they de­ dress some of the most compelling areas of roads' production of George C. Wolfe's "The fended their country and fought for freedom. concern regarding sexual violence and the Colored Museum," was broadcast as a feature I would also like to congratulate the cast rights of those who have been victims of such in WNET's Great Performances Series. Cross­ and artistic staff for their fine work in bringing crimes. It makes a very clear statement that violent sexual crimes will be dealt with more roads productions always enjoy enthusiastic this story to life. They include cast members seriously through increased penalties and re­ audience responses and usually receive broad Graham Brown, Norman Bush, Brian Evaret critical acclaim. forms in Federal, civil, and criminal procedure. Chandler, llleana Douglas, Milton Elliott, Larry The success that Crossroads now enjoys is It also gives victims new rights to respond to Green, Michael Barry Greer, Keven Jackson, no accident. It grows out of 12 years of dedi­ concerns about potential AIDS transmission in cation to an ideal, hard work, and the willing­ Lawrence James, Damien Leake, David the course of a violent attack. ness to take great artistic risks. Ricardo Khan Rainey, Raymond Anthony Thomas, and Scott These provisions and others in the bill, such who is one of the founders of Crossroads ar­ Whitehurst. The artistic staff includes choreog­ as those addressing the issue of sex crimes ticulates the theater's mission as an endeavor rapher Hope Clarke, fight director Rick on campus, violence within families, and the to create a theater company where black ac­ Sordelet, set designer Charles McCiennahan, distribution of controlled substances to preg­ tors, writers, directors, and other artistic staff costume designer Beth A. Ribblett, lighting de­ nant women, focus on some of today's most can practice their craft. Crossroads has pro­ signer Shirley Prendergast, sound designer widespread problems. duced many works by Black playwrights that Rob Gorton, music designer Robert La Pierre, We, men and women, have for far too long present honest, positive images of black­ ventriloquy consultant Robert Aberdeen, pro­ looked the other way when these issues be­ American life for audiences of all back­ duction stage manager Cheri Bogdan-Kechely, came too painful to address. By even today's grounds. stage manager Michael Harrod, company action, we are ensuring a decrease in these From modest beginnings 13 years ago in an manager Patricia Humphrey, and casting by incidents. We are once and for all letting the old garment factory in New Brunswick, Cross- Aisha Coley. country know we demand a nation where February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4581 women are healthy, where women are given I hope my colleagues will join me in sup- tegrity by having this tribute printed in the opportunities, where women are safe. porting this important bill. Nurse practitioners RECORD. The legislation also takes some necessary can help alleviate some of America's health MICKEY LELAND MEDAL PRESENTATION CERE­ steps in looking at the problem of the glass woes. It is OUr responsibility to let them help. MONY, WASHINGTON, DC, FEBRUARY 21, 1991 ceiling through the establishment of a commis­ (Address by Edouard Saouma, Director-Gen­ sion to study this question and make rec­ eral of the Food and Agriculture Organiza­ ommendations for the removal of artificial bar­ THE CITY OF LYNWOOD AND THE tion of the United Nations) riers to the advancement of women and mi­ BOROUGH OF . POINT FORTIN, Mrs. Leland, Congressman Hall, Members norities in business. TRINIDAD, JOIN AS SISTER of the Select Committee on Hunger, Distin­ We may shatter the ceiling with our accu­ CITIES guished Guests, Dear Friends, Mickey Leland has been greatly missed, and the country he mulated frustrations from the years of inequi­ left behind has already done much to honour ties, but I would rather direct my energies and HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY and preserve his memory. But he did not those of all women and men toward disman­ OF CALIFORNIA serve only the United States; he served the tling the ceiling thoroughly and quickly-to­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES world. gether. The aim of ensuring humanity's freedom Mr. Speaker, with our efforts and the legisla­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 from hunger, which guides FAO as an inter­ tive support of this bill, I believe we will find Mr. DYMALL Y. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased national organization, guided Mickey Leland the way to remove the barrier without shower­ to know that the city of Lynwood, CA and the as an individual. It took him from the plains of Texas to the highlands of Ethiopia. ing ourselves with damaging glass shards. I Borough of Point Fortin, Trinidad, West Indies, I bring today a tribute from FAO to the urge all of my colleagues to support this vital are joining as sister cities. It is my good for­ international work of Mickey Leland. It is legislation. tune to represent Lynwood as well as having offered with all the humility which we, the grown up in the county of St. Patrich in which living, must show toward the memory of one Point Fortin is located. who has made the supreme sacrifice. It takes THE WOMEN'S HEALTH CARE COV­ The sister city concept was introduced in the form of a medal specially struck, which ERAGE EXPANSION ACT OF 1991 1956 by President Eisenhower at a White it is my privilege to offer to Alison Leland in honour of her late husband. HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER House conference as part of his People-to­ Mickey Leland was an advocate of the poor People Program. His idea was to involve peo­ and the hungry. Thanks to his skills in OF COLORADO ple and organized groups at all levels of our working with the Standing Committees of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES society in personal diplomacy. I share this Congress, with prominent individuals and Wednesday, February 27, 1991 goal for both of these fine cities. It is my hope with outside organizations, he kept world hunger high on the national agenda of this Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, we all that this program would provide residents of both Lynwood and Point Fortin with an oppor­ country. He was also a man of action. He know about the health crisis in America. For went straight to the heart of the worst fam­ many Americans the emergency room is the tunity to learn about and share each other's ines in Africa. only health service available. Insufficient pre­ rich culture. The flight that was his last-and the last ventative sevices for the poor turn treatable ill­ The borough for Point Fortin is a pleasant for his travelling companions-was his sixth nesses into terminal illnesses. and growing community which was created in visit to victims of starvation in the remoter That is why I am reintroducing the Women's 1980. It was the first and only borough to be areas of Ethiopia. The help he was able to Health Care Coverage Expansion Act. This bill created since the country achieved its inde­ mobilize saved innumerable lives. pendence from Britain in 1962. It was my Alas, Africa today needs another Mickey expands Medicare and Medicaid reimburse­ Leland. The deadly combination of poor har­ ments to include obstetric and gynecologic pleasure and honor to be the first U.S. Con­ vests and civil strife again threatens mil­ services provided by nurse practitioners. gressman to visit Point Fortin. I was well re­ lions of lives in Ethiopia and the Sudan, in By expanding Medicaid and Medicare reim­ ceived and enjoyed the people's friendly hos­ Liberia, in Angola and Mozambique. Massive bursement, more women will have the chance pitality. Lynwood is known for its ethnic diver­ international aid is once more vitally impor­ to stop deadly diseases, like cancer, before sity and is a sample of the fabric which com­ tant and tremendously urgent. they start. We can treat them in clinics, not prise the mosaic of our society. It also has While we perhaps remember most easily emergency rooms. been recognized as a city that is committed to the actions of Mickey Leland to bring relief the development and support of its youth. to the starving, he was fully conscious of the In addition, women needing obstetric serv­ need to seek long-term solutions for world ices will receive the kind of preventive care It is my hope that these two cities might be food problems. His underlying philosophy that saves lives and money. able to promote exchanges in culture, busi­ was to promote food self-sufficiency in devel­ Forty thousand babies die each year in the ness, trade, or other projects of mutual inter­ oping countries, and the socio-economic United States, and many of these deaths are est. I believe this relationship will strengthen progress of the poorest strata of society. preventable-through early prenatal care. But ties between the American people and the Re­ In commemorating this man of compulsive many State Medicaid offices face shortages of public of Trinidad, Tobago. idealism and passionate integrity, I wish Medicaid providers. While States search for also to pay tribute to the Select Committee on Hunger, which he did so much to found Medicaid providers, pregnant patients wait for and to guide. The aims of the Committee, prenatal care. At the same time, well-trained MICKEY LELAND MEDAL and the aims of F AO, converge in the strug­ nurse practitioners are willing to see the pa­ PRESENTATION CEREMONY gle for a world that is free from hunger­ tients, but cannot be directly reimbursed for man's oldest enemy. The continuing vitality their services. HON. BIU RICHARDSON of the Select Committee is one of the finest The range of services that nurse practition­ OF NEW MEXICO legacies that Mickey Leland has left behind. The Select Committee could hardly thrive ers can provide is impressive: preconceptual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and prenatal care; contraceptive management; if it did not respond to an aspiration of the Wednesday, February 27, 1991 people of this country. The existence of the the management of common gynecological Select Committee-a body unique among the care, including management of sexually trans­ Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, my late legislatures that I know-is witness to the mitted diseases; and cancer screening for colleague Mickey Leland was recently honored commitment of the United States to the aim women of all ages. by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization of ending world hunger. This is the commit­ We have taken steps recently to increase for his international work as an advocate of ment that inspired the Conference on Food women's health services. In 1989 Congress the poor and hungry. Mickey worked tirelessly and Agriculture, held at Hot Springs, Vir­ expanded Medicaid coverage to include pedi­ to seek long-term solutions for world food ginia, in the midst of the Second World War: atric nurse practitioners and family nurse prac­ problems, not just in Congress through the the Conference that led to the creation of titioners. In addition, Congress provided pap Select Committee on Hunger which he found­ FAO. A host of later American initiatives fashioned the system of international co­ smear coverage for women who had not had ed and which keeps alive his heritage, but operation that we know today. It is a system the test in the previous 3 years. But further also through concerned individuals and organi­ that will surely be even more important­ steps must be taken to provide adequate zations. Like the FAO, I would like to record and even more dependent on United States health care to women. my appreciation for Mickey's idealism and in- support-in the world of tomorrow. 4582 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 In presenting this medal to Alison Leland standable should the Israeli Government de­ public opinion, to encourage and participate in I honour the achievements, the courage and cide to launch its own attack in response to activities for life-long learning, to work for the the sacrifice of Congressman Mickey Leland. Iraq. Clearly, Israel's refusal to launch a In honouring his memory I honour the ideal­ protection of women in business and industry, ism and generosity that mark the finest im­ counterstrike against Iraq is in deference to and to involve members in support of public pulses of the spirit of America. the United States policy. Our coalition partners education. in the Persian Gulf might well be tempted to In its early years, the Watsonville branch break away should Israel undertake such an was instrumental in helping the war effort in ISRAEL UNDER ATTACK action. The coalition partners are now our al­ World War II. In 1942, it cosponsored "Nutri­ lies and it is my sincere hope that reasonable tion for Defense," a series of lectures that friendships with these nations might grow after HON. CHFSTER G. ATKINS were set up to teach women how to prepare OF MASSACHUSETTS the conflict ends. This friendship, however, should never come at Israel's expense. With nutritious foods in wartime. Branch members IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES also contributed their services during World Wednesday, February 27, 1991 its restraint, Israel has made a remarkable statement of friendship and displayed great War II in training Red Cross workers and vol­ Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to express faith in the United States. Americans can be unteer nurses, staffing the servicemen's can­ my support and admiration for Israel and her proud of such a friendship and must never teen, serving as airplane observers at the Air citizens during this particularly difficult times in allow it to be breached. Watch Stations, and helping with local crop her history. Over the weekend, even as the harvesting. ground war against them had begun, Iraq at­ The Watsonville branch has also been tacked Israel again with two more Scud mis­ AMERICA'S CULTURE AT RISK heavily involved with children's events. It siles. Although such missiles attacks have be­ sponsored children's theatrical performances come a regular occurrence in Israel, her citi­ HON. Bill GREEN at the Fox Theater and in school auditoriums zens nonetheless live with the constant spec­ OF NEW YORK from 1945 to 1964. Its goal in the perform­ ter of massive death and destruction from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ances was not only to bring drama to children, chemical and biological weapons. And, despite Wednesday, February 27, 1991 but also to raise money for scholarship funds such dangers, the Israelis have shown tre­ Mr. GREEN of New York. Mr. Speaker, as to enable European women to study for ad­ mendous fortitude and courage. Our hearts vanced degrees in the United States. Many are with them. the National Commission of Music Educators European universities had been destroyed Regardless of differing opinions among looks forward to its national symposium on Americans over U.S. involvement in the America's Culture at Risk, I should like to during World War II, and the Watsonville Persian Gulf conflict, we have all watched the commend the members of the organization for branch provided an unmatched opportunity for actions of Saddam Hussein with shock. Sad­ their efforts to achieve national recognition for these women to further their education. dam Hussein is clearly a madman. He proved the value of music and the other arts in edu­ Throughout the years, the branch has orga­ this years ago when he used poisonous gas cation. nized and sponsored numerous community against his own citizens. His attacks against During the 1980's, educational reform made services. A few of these services include the Israel are further evidence that he will stop at it onto the front pages of American news­ establishment of the Watsonville Cooperative nothing to achieve his goals. papers for the first time in decades. But when Nursery, Cabrillo College, the new Watsonville The Scud attacks have accomplished little the discussion turned to making sure every Public Library, numerous Girl Scout troops, militarily, but in time the cost of the damage child receives an education in music and the Friends of the Library, the Investment Club, inflicted could reach $3 billion. Only a wanton other arts, there has been silence. This near­ and the Oral History Project. despot would deliberately subject noncombat­ sighted approach to education denies our chil­ Since the 1940's, the branch has awarded ants to terrorist acts, especially when such dren the opportunity to develop their human scholarships for Cabrillo College students in potential. acts are of no strategic advantage. addition to the national AAUW Fellowship Pro­ Every child should have a quality education But $3 billion is not the only cost of the gram. The branch also received a grant from in music and the other arts because knowl­ Scud attacks to Israel. From a strategy stand­ AAUW to provide a video/slide presentation point, Israel's security has always been based edge and skills in the arts are vital for their aesthetic, historical, and cultural values. promoting "Reading is Fundamental." on a policy of swift retaliation against any mili­ The branch has been instrumental in bond­ tary or terrorist attack. This reputation may be­ Music education fosters creativity, teaches effective communications, provides basic tools ing the Watsonville community together by come seriously impaired by Israel's present sponsoring several key events. It received the policy of restraint. Although such restraint is for a critical assessment of the world around us, and instills the abiding values of self-dis­ Event of the Year Award from the Watsonville admirable and prudent, it does raise the ques­ Chamber of Commerce for its sponsorship of tion of Israel's famous resolve when attacked cipline and commitment. the First Victorian Homes Tour in 1974. It also and what she is likely to do in the future. We must call upon all parents, educators, sponsored the town meeting in 1975 in honor But more importantly, perhaps, the Iraqi at­ school board members, and administrators in tacks have taken an immeasurable psycho­ communities nationwide to work together at of the bicentennial of the United States, and logical toll on the citizens of Israel. The emo­ the State and local levels to ensure that music jointly sponsored the 1987 "Peace Sympo­ tional strain is seen especially among children is basic to the core curriculum in every school. sium." who cannot easily understand why they have The Watsonville branch members have de­ to be forced to wear gas masks. Like the veloped leadership skills within the association IN HONOR OF 50 YEARS OF THE and have been elected to community college childern caught in wars in other lands, such as AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNI­ boards, local public school boards, city coun­ Northern Ireland, Southeast Asia, and else­ VERSITY WOMEN BRANCH IN where, these are the most innocent of war's WATSONVILLE cils, official commissions, and boards. It is un­ victims. Unlike the minimal physical casualties doubtedly one of the most influential groups in of the Scud attacks, we do not yet know what HON. LEON E. PANETIA the community to press toward the advance­ ment and equality of women in Watsonville, psychological casualties there are. As each OF CALIFORNIA missile is indiscriminately lobbed into Tel Aviv IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES throughout the country, and the world. Mr. or Haifa, parents throughout Israel are forced Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me now Wednesday, February 27, 1991 to explain to their children why a man whom in congratulating the Watsonville Branch of the they don't even know and is so far away is try­ Mr. PANETTA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to American Association of University Women on ing to kill them. This is a duty no parent pay tribute to the Watsonville, CA, branch of its 50th anniversary. It is with great respect should have to undertake. the American Association of University that I pay tribute to its achievements and con­ As each Scud attack is reported, everyone Women [AAUW] on its 50th anniversary, tributions to the 16th Congressional District of wonders whether this will be the assault that March 16, 1991. California. will finally bring about a military response from The Watsonville branch was organized to the Israelis. It would indeed be quite under- join with other university women as molders of February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4583 RECOGNITION OF THE HAWAII Peter Leong, President of the Hawaii Cred­ Warren Mizutani, of the Kauai Teachers CREDIT UNION LEAGUE it Union League. Federal Credit Union. Michael Leach, Government Liaison for Marsha Mizutani, of the Kauai Teachers the Hawaii Credit Union League. Federal Credit Union. HON. PATSY T. MINK Noreen Wang, of the Hawaii Credit Union Warren Nakamura, of the Honolulu Fed­ OF HAWAII League. eral Employees FCU. Toshio "Tata" Fujimoto, of the Hawaii John Sabas, of the Molokai Community IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Credit Union League. Federal Credit Union. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Scotty Bowman, of the Hawaii Credit Timothy Albao, of the Lihue Credit Union. Union League. Toshio Miyashiro, of the McBryde Federal Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, this week Wash­ Larry Chun, of the Hawaii Credit Union Credit Union. ington, DC, is hosting a great grassroots event League. Wallace Moura, of the McBryde Federal which represents the way that our democracy Ariel Chun, of the University of Hawaii Credit Union. works at its best. Thousands of citizen volun­ Federal Credit Union. Shigeo Uyeda, of the McBryde Federal teers are amassing in the Capitol to speak James Mimaki, of the Hawaii Credit Union Credit Union. League. Calvin Choy, of the Hawaiian Tel Employ­ their minds on pending legislation which they Masao Nakashima, of the Kauai Commu­ ees FCU. feel threatens the viability of their local credit nity Federal Credit Union. Mabel Perry, of the Hawaiian Tel Employ­ unions. JoAnne Nakashima, of the Kauai Commu­ ees FCU. I was very happy to be able to welcome to nity Federal Credit Union. Stanley Hidani, of the Papaaloa Federal our Nation's Capitol, 70 members from Hawaii, Richard Wong, of the Kauai Community Credit Union. representing dozens of credit unions which Federal Credit Union. Hideo Abe, of the Kahului Federal Credit count as members over 500,000 persons of Richard Wong, of the Kauai Community Union. the 50th State. Federal Credit Union. Masa Emoto, of the Kekaha Federal Credit Harue Wong, of the Kauai Community Fed­ Union. These folks come from all walks of life, and eral Credit Union. Ed Mederios, of the Kekaha Federal Credit for the most part contribute their time and ef­ Mr. and Mrs. Dean Arakawa, of the Maui Union. fort, without any compensation whatsoever. Pine Federal Credit Union. Owen Moe, of the Kekaha Federal Credit They do this because they believe in the Peter Dyer, of the University of Hawaii Union. unique service which credit unions offer ordi­ Federal Credit Union. Joe Sylvester, of the Kekaha Federal Cred­ nary people. They work hard to keep their or­ Kenji Sumida, of the University of Hawaii it Union. ganizations fiscally healthy, and they invest Federal Credit Union. Fran Lucier, of the First Insurance Federal their deposits in safe conservative institutions Toshi Ikezaki, of the EKE Federal Credit Credit Union. Union. Milton Lum, of the Hawaii Central Credit as a matter of policy. Dr. Harold Kozuma, of the Big Island Fed­ Union. This is why it is hard for me to understand eral Credit Union. Virginia Kam, of the Hawaii Teamsters why, in the desire to correct the ills that have Richard Matsunaga, of the Big Island Fed­ Federal Credit Union. plagued savings and loans and banks that eral Credit Union. Vernon Ching, of the Honolulu City and have plunged many into bankruptcy, some are Donald Miles, Windward Community Fed­ County Employees FCU. looking to punish the credit unions for their ac­ eral Credit Union. Darwin Hamamoto, of the Honolulu City complishments and achievements. Instead or Al Kayatani, of the Pacific Corporate Fed­ and County Employees FCU. rewarding the credit unions for their excellent eral Credit Union. Moses Lum Choy, of the Honolulu City and Robert Jaworski, of the Pacific Corporate County Employees FCU. record and keeping their organization inde­ Federal Credit Union. Wyman Au, of the Honolulu Federal Em­ pendent and autonomous, some would merge Mel Chiba, of the Kauai Community Fed­ ployees FCU. them under one single management authority eral Credit Union. William Lee, of the Oahu One Credit with one single insurance fund together with Hilda Inouye, of the Kauai Community Union. the S and L's and banks. Federal Credit Union. Koozo Okamoto, of the Oahu Teachers I rise today, to join with all the leaders and Wallace Otsuka, of the Kauai Community Number Two FCU. members of the Hawaii Credit Union League, Federal Credit Union. Kyle Kurata, of the Star Markets Federal in expressing my outright opposition to any Fred Ho, of the Dillingham Federal Credit Credit Union. Union. Rodney Watanabe, of the Hawaii Commu­ and all efforts to merge them under one um­ Sharon Horita, of the Dillingham Federal nity FCU. brella agency, causing credit unions to come Credit Union. under the same regulation and management William Paik, of the Dillingham Federal authority that has already failed the S and L's Credit Union. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS and banks. Helen Young, of the Onomea Federal Cred- I urge my colleagues to support the credit it Union. BLACK EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM unions of their States by urging the Congress Humio Okimoto, of the CUNA Mutual. THANKS FOR CARING AND SHAR­ to keep their regulation, management and in­ Jean Okimoto, of the CUNA Mutual. ING Shirley Liu, of the Hawaii Stevedores/C&C surance fund separate from any other financial FCU. institutions. Glenn Ikemoto, of the Kauai Government HON. DONALD M. PAYNE Credit unions are stable financial institu­ Employees FCU. OF NEW JERSEY tions. They are the epitome of successful vol­ Karen Ikemoto, of the Kauai Government IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unteerism in America. They must not be sub­ Employees FCU. verted under the shadow of management rules Itsuyo Kusuda, of the Maui County Em­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 that will be enforced on failing savings and ployees FCU. Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I loans and banks. Credit unions must be kept June Ono, of the Maui County Employees would like to bring to the attention of my col­ FCU. independent. They have proposed as commu­ Mr. and Mrs. Paul Perry, of the Hawaii leagues the fine sense of responsibility and nity-based organizations. The crisis faced by County FCU. social consciousness of a group of employees the other embattled financial institutions must Norman Kong, of the Pearl Harbor Federal at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. In ob­ not be allowed to smother credit unions under Credit Union. servance of Dr. Martin Luther King's birthday, the giant rule of uniformity. Michael Asam, of the Hawaii Community the Black Employment Program Committee of Mr. Speaker, let's do fix the savings and Federal Credit Union. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, loans and the failing banks; but let's not do it John !wane, of the Hawaii Community National Capital Region and Field Operating at the expense of the credit union movement. Federal Credit Union. Activities, sponsored a food drive. This food David Hauser, of the Honokaa Community To this end, I applaud the grassroots efforts Federal Credit Union. which was collected during the weeks follow­ of the Hawaii Credit Union League and I take Robert Iwamoto, of the Honokaa Commu­ ing Dr. King's birthday will be presented to­ this opportunity to recognize its delegation: nity Federal Credit Union. morrow, February 28, 1991, the last day of Farouk Wang, Chairman of the Hawaii Gay Matthews, of the Honokaa Community Black History Month, to Father Adams of So Credit Union League. Federal Credit Union. Others Might Eat [SOME] organization. The 4584 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 presentation will be made by Col. Robert L. osteoporosis, the development and treatment deliberation. Following the completion of Herndon, Chief of Staff, Corps of Engineers. of AIDS in women, alcohol abuse in women, Desert Storm, there will no doubt be a careful The Black Employment Program was estatr and contraception and infertility; better infor­ examination of our military's performance, and lished in 1989 to address problems and con­ mation on treatment options for women facing how it can be sustained or even enhanced. cerns of blacks in achieving equal employment breast cancer surgery; health and social serv­ Only after the current conflict is completed, opportunities. In realizing the need to support ices for pregnant adolescents and parenting when we are engaged in the lessons learned each other, the members of the organization teens; prevention of infertility through im­ phase, should this body examine the role of also realize that they must reach out. By proved screening and treatment of sexually­ mothers and sets of parents serving in Desert reaching out to others-inside and outside of transmitted diseases; and, coverage of infertil­ Storm. the Corps-the Black Employment Program is ity and adoption services for Federal employ­ Mr. Speaker, this Member would ask to in­ assisting many segments of our society. By ees. sert into the RECORD an editorial from the Fetr participating in a seemingly simple program Inclusion of mammography and pap smear ruary 25, 1991, edition of the Lincoln Star. En- like collecting food, this organization is show­ services under State Medicaid programs and . titled '"When Moms Go to War," this editorial ing that it wants to share, that it wants to help the establishment of new Federal standards to urges that: "Let's work our way through this feed those who are less fortunate. When we ensure the quality of mammography screening war without any quick overhaul, using the act collectively to help our fellow man, the bur­ is included, as is reimbursement for nurse hardship system already in existence to look den will never, ever be too much for any one practitioners specializing in women's health at individual cases. This Nation may want to individual. And that is what is most important. and certain osteoporosis prevention tech­ make some changes in how it uses moms in Mr. Speaker, I am sure my colleagues will nologies under Medicare. Improved access to the military. But those decisions should be the want to join me as I congratulate the Black health care services for pregnant women and result of thoughtful assessment, not a tear jerk Employment Program membership and its children under the Medicaid Program and for reaction." leadership which includes Jeane D. Williams, displaced homemakers through an expansion Mr. Speaker, this Member commends this chairperson; Michael Tolson, vice chairperson; of existing health insurance continuation provi­ thoughtful editorial to his colleagues. and Elvire Bourisquot, recording secretary; for sions is also contained in the package. [From the Lincoln Star, Feb. 25, 1991] their paticipation in the food drive, for caring The basic issue is one of equity. Women and sharing. constitute 52 percent of the population and WHEN MOMS Go TO WAR make 25 percent more visits to doctors than This war includes pictures of moms at war men, are more likely to undergo surgery and and stories of their children at home, chil­ INTRODUCTION OF WOMEN'S dren who feel abandoned because they are HEALTH EQUITY ACT OF 1991 to be hospitalized. The Women's Health Eq­ too young to understand the rules of big peo­ uity Act of 1991 will begin to address the im­ ple. portant deficiencies that exist for women in the These are heartbreaking dilemmas. HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER health care system. I urge the supP<>rt of my But we need to balance that emotional re­ OF COLORADO colleagues. sponse to the pain and trauma of individual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES incidents with a thoughtful consideration of Wednesday, February 27, 1991 the potential effects of changing policies. WHEN MOMS GO TO WAR The volunteer army has worked hard to Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I am provide expanded opportunities for women pleased today to introduce the Women's who join. Under pressure from a changing Health Equity Act of 1991, and to be joined in HON. DOUG BEREUTER culture, the military has removed many bar­ this important endeavor by Representative OF NEBRASKA riers to women. OLYMPIA SNOWE, the Republican cochair of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Waging war is part of the military's job. Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues, Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Being sent to wage war is inherent in there­ and by 70 of my colleagues. sponsibility of someone who joins the mili­ This legislation seeks to address the appall­ Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. mili­ tary. ing lack of attention given to women's health tary action in the Persian Gulf has vividly dem­ Obviously the reality of war is only a dis­ onstrated the value of the All Volunteer Force. tant possibility during long periods of peace. care needs in this country. The facts speak for In peace, the military is just another job themselves. The death rate from breast can­ The professionalism, the extremely high mo­ rale, and the dedication to duty in a austere with decent benefits and potential for ad­ cer increased 24 percent between 1979 and vancement. Or it is a chance to make extra 1986; one in nine women can now expect to and harsh environment have inspired us all. money and go to college. develop breast cancer in her lifetime. Women Our troops have had a very demanding mis­ Historically many parents have gone to are now the fastest growing group of those in­ sion. United States soldiers and sailors have war. Generally the parent has been dad. We fected with AIDS. Heart disease is the number been the first line of defense against Iraqi ag­ have accepted that as a. part of the reality of one killer of women but the majority of the re­ gression, and they have had to be dip-lomats war-even when the children of these male in a foreign culture. Our forces have been the parents suffer as a result. search has been conducted on men. There are strong emotional undercurrents Despite these facts, women's health issues leaders of a 31-nation alliance, and coordina­ tion with our partners has been a demanding at work in this current debate. We are trying have received scant attention both in terms of to adjust to two new cultural trends-women funding and research. The National Institutes challenge, and throughout this crisis, our doing a job traditionally belonging to men of Health [NIH], the Nation's major source of troops have behaved magnificently. (soldiering near a war zone) and the growing funding for medical research conducted in the Desert Storm has also demonstrated the number of single parents in our society. United States, spends only about 13 percent strains and pressures upon the All Volunteer The two trends collide in the Persian Gulf. of its budget on women's health. It is time for Force. In particular, we have witnessed the And the result has been a tumultuous emo­ Congress to act to protect the health of Amer­ pain of separation of military mothers from tional response. ican women. their children. This is the first time that moms But we shouldn't let emotions dictate pre­ have gone to war, and the strong emotional cipitous changes in policy. For every policy The Women's Health Equity Act of 1991 change today will have echoes into the fu­ contains 22 individual bills divided into three ti­ undercurrents have become clear. It is, I sup­ ture. tles: research, services, and prevention. Taken pose, not surprising that there would be calls Creating a different system for moms dur­ together, these bills represent a broad agenda to rethink the concept and current disposition ing this war will mean a dual career system for addressing a number of critically important of relying on an All Volunteer Force so that in peacetime. In order to prepare for war the issues, including the permanent authorization women would not be expected to serve in a military must know who it will be able to of an Office for Research on Women's Health war zone. send to war and who it won't. If we let moms at the National Institutes of Health and at the This Member would urge, Mr. Speaker, that opt out today, the military will understand that it can't count on women with children Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Ad­ this body not rush to change the foundation (or single parents) as part of the team in any ministration, and an end to the arbitrary exclu­ elements of the All Volunteer Force. If future war. sion of women from research studies. changes are necessary in the personnel pro­ This knowledge will inevitably be trans­ The package also calls for increased re­ gram that is fundamentally working so well, lated into a dual track system where parents search on breast and ovarian cancer, then this body should move only after careful can choose a track, or a dual system where February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4585 certain parents are automatically assumed cently installed a new computer aided dispatch Since last March, La Familia de Hoy has to be not available for combat arenas. system [CAD], which sends call information di­ covered topics such as drugs, education, And those who choose the mom track, or rectly to a CRT monitor located on a console AIDS, and the environment-topics which hold are forced into the mom track, inevitably limit their career options. in the cab of the vehicle. This reduces verbal tremendous bearing on the lives of Hispanic Some critics of the current system have error. The NYCEMS is now on the cutting Americans. described it as ignoring the needs and rights edge of dispatch technology, and light-years An example of the dramatic impact La of children. beyond the conveyor belts and index cards of Familia de Hoy is having on its Hispanic audi­ That is true if today is the only time 1972. ence are the requests it has generated from frame. Nearly 1 million calls for ambulance assist­ police departments across the country to use Half of these children are girls, whose fu­ ance come in every year-over 2,400 per day. an article, "Threat to Gangs," as part of their ture choices we also affect by the policies we create today. Yet, despite this incredible number of re­ gang task force collateral. The article details Let's work our way through this war with­ quests, since 1980 the NYCEMS has cut the the psychology behind the development of out any quick overhaul, using the hardship average response time nearly in half for life­ gangs and provides information on parents' system already in existence to look at indi­ threatening assignments. Average response roles in counteracting their childrens' attraction vidual cases. time has dropped from 18.2 minutes to less to violent youth gangs. The nation may want to make some than 10 minutes. Another example of the interaction between changes in how it uses moms in the military. Anyone who has ever waited for an ambu­ La Familia de Hoy and its audience was the But those decisions should be the result of thoughtful assessment, not a tear jerk reac­ lance while a loved one was in danger knows phenomenal response to a La Familia de Hoy tion. that the minutes pass like hours. And a 50- TV segment on advice to battered women. percent cut in response time dramatically in­ More than 15,500 calls were received by the creases the chal"ces of a favorable outcome National Domestic Violence Hotline between HONORING THE NEW YORK CITY for the patient. The hard-working staff of the April and June, 1990 as a result of the broad­ EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE NYCEMS really are the personification of casts. mercy. La Familia de Hoy has also featured aspira­ HON. SUSAN MOUNARI But with the Nation's largest city facing dif­ tional stories depicting the successful personal OF NEW YORK ficult financial times, it will take hard work and triumphs of "First Daughter-in-Law" Columba IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES innovation to maintain this efficiency level. I Bush, educator Jaime Escalante, Congress­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 am committed to this. woman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, and astronaut Recognizing the great work done by the Franklin Chang Diaz. Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, it is with great NYCEMS, I have cosponsored House Joint Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join pleasure that I honor today the New York City Resolution 109, Congressman MANTON'S reso­ me in recognizing this outstanding information Emergency Medical Service. I am pleased to lution to designate the week of May 12, 1991, source, La Familia de Hoy, that is helping im­ join the Kings County Conservative Party in as "Emergency Medical Services Week." I sa­ prove the quality of life for Hispanic Americans saluting the NYCEMS on Sunday, March 3d. lute the New York City Emergency Medical in New Mexico and the Nation. Excellence has been the hallmark of New Service. York's emergency service since 1870. Today, the 20,000 employees of the NYCEMS are still NATIONAL RECREATIONAL TRAILS setting the pace, widely recognized as the RECOGNIZING LA FAMILIA DE HOY FUND ACT OF 1991 largest and most sophisticated emergency medical service in the world. HON. 811! RICHARDSON HON. TIIOMAS E. PETRI The NYCEMS was established in its present OF NEW MEXICO OF WISCONSIN form in 1970. The first two NYCEMS para­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES medic units began operating in July 1975, achieving spectacular results. Their efforts sig­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Wednesday, February 27, 1991 nificantly reduced the prehospital mortality and Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, by the Mr. PETRI. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ morbidity rates. year 2010 Hispanic Americans will represent ducing the National Recreational Trails Fund Today, the Emergency Medical Service this country's largest minority population. Act of 1991 which would create a trust fund Training Academy is solely responsible for the While many of our Nation's Hispanics are re­ out of the taxes currently being paid on non­ training of new paramedics, as it has been cent immigrants, hundreds of thousands of highway recreational fuel used on or near since 1984. The program is a 2-year evening other Hispanics came to this country 300 to trails. Money from the trust fund will be used course, which graduated its first paramedics in 400 years ago. Regardless of when they ar­ to maintain and enlarge the Nation's rec­ 1986. rived, most came to seek a better life for their reational trail system. The fleet of ambulances has grown dramati­ families and themselves. Many new arrivals as The bill would also create an advisory com­ cally since 1870, when New York had only five well as longtime Hispanic residents have en­ mittee comprised of hikers, cross-country ski­ horse-drawn ambulances. Today, NYCEMS countered difficulty adapting to life in the Unit­ ers, off-highway motorcyclers, snowmobilers, provides the city with a large number of ambu­ ed States because of a lack of information horseback riders, all-terrain vehicle riders, lances constantly on patrol in the five bor­ sources available to them in their native bicyclers, and four-wheel vehicle drivers. oughs. Approximately 20 percent of the ambu­ tongue, Spanish. This bill would not produce higher taxes. lances are paramedic units and the remainder Now more than ever, our Nation's Hispanic When you tank up your snowmobile or other are basic life support units. For multiple cas­ Americans are seeking insightful sources of in­ recreational vehicle, you pay a Federal gaso­ ualty incidents, EMS operates five major formation to help them attain their goals as line tax. Currently, that tax on gasoline used emergency response vehicles [MERV's]. they assimilate into American society. For the for recreation goes to build highways. Even The NYCEMS strives to keep up with tech­ past year, they have found that La Familia de more absurd is the fact that you pay a tax on nological innovations. As late as 1972, when Hoy [Today's Family] has delivered the infor­ the fuel you use to fill your camp stove, and the "dial 911 for emergency" system was es­ mation they need. that money also goes to the highway trust tablished citywide, emergency operators were La Familia de Hoy combines a bimonthly fund. I think it makes more sense, and would still using hand-written cards and a conveyor magazine, a series of informational features be more equitable, to spend that money on belt system to get calls to the ambulance dis­ on the Univision network and an "800" hotline recreational uses to benefit those who have patchers. to disseminate critical information and give paid the taxes. In 1977, NYCEMS received Federal funding Hispanic Americans a better chance to navi­ A little over a year ago the Government Ac­ to develop and install state-of-the-art comput­ gate the complexities of daily life here. La counting Office reported that the Nation's Rec­ erized digital communications consoles and Familia de Hoy, developed by Whittle Commu­ reational Trail System was in serious disrepair. status monitor screens. nications, has created a communications In the national forests alone, nearly 59,000 However, computer equipment quickly be­ bridge for U.S. Hispanics by addressing issues miles of trails desperately need upgrading and comes obsolete. To combat this, NYCEMS re- which face the American public at large. reconstruction. The GAO report also pointed 4586 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 out the harm that such neglect does to both National Association of Wheelmen. retary) equivalent to 0.5 percent of total recreational opportunities and the environ­ I insert the bill in its entirety at this point in Highway Trust Fund receipts, as adjusted by ment-making trails unusuable and dan­ the RECORD: Secretary pursuant to subparagraph (B). gerous, and causing significant resource dam­ "(B) ADJUSTMENT OF PERCENTAGE.- H.R. 1155 "(!) IN GENERAL.-Not more frequently age. GAO's explanation for this failure: funding Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ than once every 3 years, the Secretary may that has fluctuated from year to year and has resentatives of the United States of America in increase or decrease the percentage of High­ been consistently less than that needed to Congress assembled, way Trust Fund receipts paid into the Na­ keep trails in good condition. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. tional Recreational Trails Trust Fund to This bill creates a mechanism to alleviate This Act may be cited as the " National more accurately reflect, in the Secretary's this problem. Structured similarly to the motor­ Recreational Trails Fund Act of 1991". estimation, revenues received from non­ boat safety fund-Wallop-Breaux fund-the SEC. 2. FINDINGS. highway recreational fuel taxes. trails fund receives the taxes paid on non­ The Congress finds that- "(ii) AMOUNT OF ADJUSTMENT.-The amount of an adjustment in the percentage stated in highway recreational fueHhat is, fuel used (1) the Highway Trust Fund has success­ fully and equitably provided the means for clause (i) shall be not more than 10 percent on or near trails-and reserves that money ex­ improvements in and maintenance of the na­ of that percentage in effect at the time the pressly for maintaining and improving rec­ tion's highway infrastructure, such success adjustment is made. reational trails. All money received by the fund being largely attributable to the Fund's "(iii) USE OF DATA.-The Secretary shall is disbursed annually to the States, which "use-fee" structure, that being the directly make use of data on off-highway recreational must have programs of their own at a State proportionate relationship between the vehicle registrations and use in making an level. The States then select the trail propos­ amount of highway use (as measured in fuel adjustment under clause (i). als to fund. consumption) and the amount each user pays "(C) DEFINITIONS.-For the purposes of this paragraph- The most sensitive part of the bill is its pro­ into the Fund; (2) the "user-fee" concept requires that "(i) NONHIGHWAY RECREATIONAL FUEL visions for allocating moneys that result mostly nonhighway fuels not be taxed to pay for TAXES.-The term 'nonhighway recreational from motorized recreation so that non­ highway benefits, a noticeable deviation fuel taxes' means the taxes under sections motorized recreation can still benefit. The bill from this policy being the taxation of rec­ 4041, 4081, and 4091 (to the extent attributable strikes a careful balance in this area, guaran­ reational fuel not used on Federal highways. to the Highway Trust Fund financing rate) teeing both motorized and nonmotorized (3) like highways, the national infrastruc­ with respect to fuel used as nonhighway rec­ recreation a minimum of 30 percent of each ture of recreational trails and back country reational fuel. State's Trails Act funding. The remaining 40 terrain must be constructed and maintained, "(ii) NONHIGHWAY RECREATIONAL FUEL.­ percent will be allocated by the State to fund but such construction and maintenance has The term 'nonhighway recreational fuel' projects that provide for the greatest number historically received less than adequate means- funding; "(!) fuel used in vehicles and equipment on of recreational purposes and provide for inno­ (4) efforts to more perfectly apply a "user­ recreational trails or back county terrain, vative recreational trail sharing to accommo­ fee" concept to the financing and mainte­ including use in vehicles registered for high­ date motorized and nonmotorized recreational nance of a national infrastructure, both on way use when used on recreational trails or trail use. highways, and for recreational purposes off back country terrain; and It should be noted that the bill explicitly does the highway, will likely enhance the success "(II) fuel used in campstoves and other not alter existing land management practices. of both endeavors; and outdoor recreational equipment."; and Current use designation would not be affected (5) it is both equitable and prudent, for (2) by striking paragraph (2)(C) and insert­ by any provision in the act. safety, environmental protection, and rec­ ing the following: "(C) EXCEPTION FOR USE IN AIRCRAFT AND Recreational opportunities are part of the reational reasons, to assure availability of fi­ nancial means to maintain and improve rec­ MOTORBOATS, AND AS NONHIGHWAY REC­ quality of life in Wisconsin, and they should be reational trails and back country terrain by REATIONAL FUEL.-This paragraph shall not part of the quality of life in all regions of the reserving for those purposes a portion of fuel apply to amounts estimated by the Sec­ country. Our Nation has many miles of snow­ use taxes imposed on fuels for recreational retary as attributable to- mobile, all-terrain, hiking, biking, and other use not occurring on Federal highways. "(i) use of gasoline and special fuels in mo­ recreational trails and this legislation would SEC. 3. CREATION OF NATIONAL RECREATIONAL torboats or in aircraft, and provide needed financial assistance for these TRAIL TRUST FUND. "(ii) use of gasoline as nonhighway rec­ facilities. (a) IN GENERAL.-Subchapter A of chapter reational fuel as defined in paragraph The bill has support from a wide range of 98 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (re­ (6)(C)(ii).". (c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.-Section organizations that recognize the importance of lating to trust fund code) is amended by add­ ing at the end thereof the following new sec­ 6421(e)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of maintaining safe and well-managed rec­ tion: 1986 (defining off-highway business use) is reational trails for all users. Supporting organi­ "SEC. 9511. NATIONAL RECREATIONAL TRAILS amended by adding at the end thereof the zations include: TRUST FUND. folowing new subparagraph: American Horse Council. "(a) CREATION OF TRUST FUND.-There is "(C) EXCEPTION FOR USE AS NONHIGHWAY American Recreation Coalition. established in the Treasury of the United RECREATIONAL FUEL.-The term 'off-highway Brackenridge Stables, Inc. States a trust fund to be known as the 'Na­ business use' does not include any use as Back Country Horsemen of America. tional Recreational Trails Trust Fund', con­ nonhighway recreational fuel as defined in Blue Ribbon Coalition. sisting of such amounts as may be appro­ section 9503(c)(6)(C)(ii).". Cowboy Symposium. priated, credited, or paid to it as provided in (d) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.-The table of Fox Creek Pack Station. this section, section 9503(c)(6), of section sections for subchapter A of chapter 98 of the International Snowmobile Tourism Coun- 9602(b). Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by cil. "(b) EXPENDITURES FROM TRUST FUND.­ adding at the end thereof the following new Low Country Equine Association. Amounts in the National Recreational Trails item: New Jersey Horse Council. Trust Fund shall be available, as provided in "Sec. 9511. National Recreational Trails Minnesota Office of Tourism. appropriations Acts, for making expendi­ Trust Fund.". Montana Horse Council. tures to carry out the purposes of the Na­ SEC. 4. NATIONAL RECREATIONAL TRAILS PRO­ National Campers and Hikers Association. tional Recreational Trails Fund Act of 1991." GRAM. National Campground Owners Association. (b) DEPOSIT OF UNREFUNDED HIGHWAY (a) IN GENERAL.-The Secretary, using Natrona County Parks Department. TRUST FUND MONEYS.-Section 9503(c) of the amounts available in the Fund, shall admin­ New Hampshire Horse Council. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to ister a program allocating moneys to the New Hampshire Parks and Recreation De- Highway Trust Fund) is amended- States for the purposes of providing for and partment. (!) by adding at the end thereof the follow­ maintaining recreational trails. Southern New England Trails Conference. ing new paragraph: (b) STATE ELIGIBILITY.- Trout Unlimited. "(6) TRANSFERS FROM THE TRUST FUND FOR (!) TRANSITIONAL PROVISION.-Until the Utah Parks and Recreation Department. NONHIGHWAY RECREATIONAL FUEL TAXES.- date that is 3 years after the date of enact­ Vermont Association of Snow Travelers, " (A) TRANSFER TO NATIONAL RECREATIONAL ment of this Act, a State shall be eligible to Inc. TRAILS TRUST FUND.-The Secretary shall an­ receive moneys under this Act, a State shall Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, nually pay from the Highway Trust Fund be eligible to receive moneys under this Act Recreation. into the National Recreational Trails Trust only if such State's application proposes to Wyoming Department of Commerce. Fund amounts (as determined by the Sec- use the moneys as provided in subsection (d). February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4587 (2) PERMANENT PROVISION.-On and after (I) in an amount not exceeding 7 percent of (1) ELIGIBLE STATE.-The term "eligible the date that is 3 years after the date of en­ the amount of moneys received by the State, State" means a State that meets the re­ actment of this Act, a State shall be eligible administrative costs of the State. quirements stated in subsection (b). to receive moneys under this Act only if- (2) USE NOT PERMITTED.-A State may not (2) FUND.-The term "Fund" means the Na­ (A) the State has established a State Rec­ use moneys received under this Act for con­ tional Recreational Trails Fund established reational Trails Advisory Board on which demnation of any kind of interest in prop­ by section 9511 of the Internal Revenue Code · both motorized and nonmotorized rec­ erty. of 1986. reational trail users are represented; (3) GRANTS.- (3) NONHIGHWAY RECREATIONAL FUEL.-The (B) in the case of a State that imposes a (A) IN GENERAL.-A State may provide term "nonhighway recreational fuel" has the tax on nonhighway recreational fuel, the moneys received under this Act as grants to meaning stated in section 9503(c)(6)(C)(ii) of State by law reserves the revenues from that private individuals, organizations, city and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. tax for use in providing for and maintaining county governments, and other government (4) SECRETARY.-The term "Secretary" recreational trails; entities as approved by the State's Rec­ means the Secretary of the Interior. reational Trail Advisory Board, for uses con­ (C) the Governor of the State has des­ (5) RECREATIONAL TRAIL.-The term "rec­ ignated the State official who will be respqn­ sistent with this section. reational trail" means a thoroughfare or sible for administering moneys received (B) COMPLIANCE.-A State that issues grants under subparagraph (A) shall estab­ track across land or snow used for rec­ under this Act; and reational purposes such as bicycling, cross­ (D) the State's application proposes to use lish measures to verify that recipients com­ ply with the specified conditions for the use country skiing, day hiking, equestrian ac­ moneys received under this Act as provided of grant moneys. tivities, jogging or similar fitness activities, in subsection (d). (4) BALANCE OF MOTORIZED AND NON­ trail biking, overnight and long-distance (c) ALLOCATION OF MONEYS IN THE FUND.­ MOTORIZED BENEFITS.-Not less than 30 per­ backpacking, snowmobiling, surface water (1) ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS.-No more than 3 cent of the moneys received annually by a and underwater activities, and vehicular percent of the expenditures made annually State under this Act shall be expended for travel by motorcycle, four-wheel drive or all­ from the Fund may be used to pay the cost benefits directed to motorized recreation, terrain off-road vehicles, without regard to to the Secretary for- and not less than 30 percent of those moneys whether it is a "National Recreation Trail" (A) approving applications of States for shall be expended for benefits directed to designated under section 4 of the National moneys under this Act; nonmotorized recreation. Trails System Act (16 U.S.C. 1243). (B) paying expenses of the National Rec­ (5) DIVERSIFIED TRAIL USE.- reational Trails Advisory Committee; and (A) REQUIREMENT.-To the extent prac­ SEC. 5. NATIONAL RECREATION TRAILS ADVI· (C) conducting national surveys of non­ SORY COMMITI'EE. ticable and consistent with other require­ (a) ESTABLISHMENT.-There is established highway recreational fuel consumption by ments of this section, a State shall expend State, for use in making determinations and not less than 40 percent of moneys received the National Recreation Trails Advisory estimations pursuant to this Act. under this Act in a manner that gives pref­ Committee. (2) ALLOCATIONS TO STATES.- erence to project proposals- (b) MEMBERS.-There shall be 9 members of (A) AMOUNT.-Amounts in the Fund re­ (i) which provide for the greatest number the advisory committee, 8 appointed by the maining after payment of the administrative of recreational purposes including, but not Secretary from nominations submitted by costs described in paragraph (1), shall be al­ limited to, those directed under the defini­ recreational trail user orgnizations, one each located and paid to the States annually in tion of "recreational trail" in subsection representing the following recreational trail the following proportions: (f)(5); and uses: (1) EQUAL AMOUNTS.-50 percent of such (ii) which provide for innovative rec­ (1) Hiking. amounts shall be allocated equally among el­ reational trail corridor sharing to accommo­ (2) Cross-country skiiing. igible States. date motorized and nonmotorized rec­ (3) Off-highway motorcycling. (ii) AMOUNTS PROPORTIONATE TO NON­ reational trail use. (4) Snowmobiling. HIGHWAY RECREATIONAL FUEL USE.-50 percent (B) COMPLIANCE.-The determination as to (5) Horseback riding. of such amounts shall be allocated among el­ whether a project or grant meets the re­ (6) All terrain vehicle riding. igible States in proportion to the amount of quirements of subparagraph (A) shall be (7) Bicycling. nonhighway recreational fuel use during the made by the State Recreational Trail Advi­ (8) Four-wheel driving. preceding year in each such State, respec­ sory Board. In addition, the Secretary or an appropriate tively. (6) RETURN OF MONEYS NOT EXPENDED.­ government official designated by the Sec­ (B) USE OF DATA.-In determining amounts Moneys paid to a State that are not ex­ retary shall be a member of the advisory of nonhighway recreational fuel use for the pended or dedicated to a specific project committee. purposes of subparagraph (A)(ii), the Sec­ within 2 years after receipt for the purposes (c) CHAIRMAN.-The chairman of the advi­ retary may consider data on off-highway stated in this subsection shall be returned to sory committee shall be the government offi­ vehicle registrations in each State. the Fund and shall thereafter be reallocated cial referenced in subsection (b), who shall (d) USE OF ALLOCATED MONEYS.- under the formula stated in subsection (c). serve as a nonvoting member. (1) PERMISSIBLE USES.-A State may use (e) COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.- (d) TERMS.-Members of the advisory com­ moneys received under this Act for- (!) COOPERATION BY FEDERAL AGENCIES.­ mittee appointed by the Secretary shall be (A) maintenance of existing recreational Each agency of the United States Govern­ appointed for terms of 3 years; except that trails, including the grooming and mainte­ ment that manages land on which a State the members filling 4 of the 8 positions shall proposes to construct or maintain a rec­ be initially appointed for terms of 2 years, nance of trails across snow; reational trail pursuant to this Act is en­ (B) restoration of areas damaged by usage couraged to cooperate with the State and the with subsequent appointments to those posi­ of recreational trails and back country ter­ Secretary in planning and carrying out the tions extending for terms of 3 years. rain; activities described in subsection (d). Noth­ (e) DUTIES.-The advisory committee shall (C) construction of new trails where a rec­ ing in this Act diminishes or in any way al­ meet at least twice annually to- reational need for such construction is ters the land management responsibilities, (1) review utilization of moneys allocated shown; plans, and policies established by such agen­ to States under this Act; (D) acquisition of easements; cies pursuant to other applicable laws. (2) establish and review criteria for trail­ (E) acquisition of fee simple title to prop­ (2) COOPERATION BY PRIVATE PERSONS.- side and trail-head facilities that qualify for erty from a willing seller, when the objective (A) WRITTEN ASSURANCES.-As a condition funding under this Act; and of the acquisition cannot be accomplished by to making available moneys for work on rec­ (3) make recommendations to the Sec­ acquisition of an easement or by other reational trails that would affect privately retary for changes in Federal policy to ad­ means; owned land, a State shall obtain written as­ vance the purpose of this Act. (F) development of trail-side and trail-head surances that the owner of the property will (f) ANNUAL REPORT.-The advisory commit­ facilities that meet goals identified by the cooperate with the State and participate as tee shall present to the Secretary an annual National Recreational Trails Advisory Com­ necessary in the activities to be conducted. report on its activities. mittee; (B) PUBLIC ACCESS.-Any use of a State's (g) REIMBURSEMENT FOR EXPENSES.-Mem­ (G) in an amount not exceeding 5 percent allocated moneys on private lands must be bers of the advisory committee appointed by of the amount of moneys received by the accompanied by an easement or other legally the Secretary shall serve without pay, but, State, operation of environmental protection binding agreement that ensures public access to the extent funds are available pursuant to and safety education programs relating to to the recreational trail improvements fund­ section 4(c)(l)(C), shall be entitled to reim­ the use of recreational trails; ed by those moneys. bursement for travel, subsistence, and other (H) development of urban trail linkages (f) DEFINITIONS.-For the purposes of this necessary expenses incurred in the perform­ near homes and workplaces; and section- ance of their duties.

49- 059 0-95 Vol. 137 (Pt. 3) 49 4588 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 CONCERN FOR BALTIC SITUATION AN ENERGY STRATEGY WITHOUT tions. Their current pet scheme would raise TAXES IS POLITICAL HYPOCRISY fuel-mileage standards for new cars from to­ day's 27.5 miles per gallon to about 40 mpg HON. CARL D. PURSEll by 2001. There's always a technological fix if OF MICHIGAN HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK only government would order industry to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA make it. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Interestingly, the Bush plan includes both approaches. It would expand energy supplies Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I want to share Wednesday, February 27, 1991 by authorizing oil production in the Arctic with my colleagues a resolution passed by the Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, the West Ger­ National Wildlife Refuge. It would also seek Michigan Republicans at the State Republican mans have announced a serious, realistic plan to revive nuclear power. At the same time, Convention in Grand Rapids, Ml, on February the plan seeks to cut oil use by forcing­ to deal with paying for the gulf war, a plan that 16, 1991. This resolution declares the Michi­ mainly through regulation-the auto indus­ includes a steep hike in gasoline taxes. The gan Republicans' deep concern about the situ­ try to make millions of cars that burn "al­ West German Government plans to raise gas­ ation in the Baltic States. ternative fuels" (such as methanol) in addi­ oline prices by the equivalant of 67 cents a tion to gasoline. By 2005, the plan envisions For the first time in 8 years a suspension of gallon. This would bring their price per gallon 80 million dual-use vehicles on the road. rules was successfully passed by two-thirds of to nearly $4. Our gas prices hover around a That's ambitious but is it feasible? Meth- those present at the convention. The resolu­ $1.10. . anal may cost 22 to 43 percent more than tion, requested by Eleanora Grigaitis, voices gasoline, estimate economists Margaret the support of the Michigan Republicans for The West Germans have recognized a re­ Walls and Alan Krupnick of Resources for the independence of the Baltic States, in addi­ ality that we refuse to face. We must raise en­ the Future, a research group here. Most peo­ tion to calling on Congress to acknowledge ergy taxes. We must raise energy taxes to im­ ple won't buy "alternative fuels" unless gas­ and reaffirm recognition of Estonia, Latvia, and prove energy efficiency, increase America's in­ oline prices rise enough to close the gap. dustrial competitiveness, address the budget Conveniently, the Bush plan assumes that Lithuania as sovereign nations. this will happen. After arguments for each side were given, deficit, and deal with global warming. I have introduced legislation which would impose a In general, using regulations to shape en­ the resolution passed overwhelmingly: 1,426 ergy consumption is tougher than it looks. yes; 82 no; 8 abstentions. The Michigan Re­ tax on the carbon content of fuels. A tax on Consider car-mileage standards. To reach 40 publicans share a great apprehension con­ carbon emissions helps deal with each of mpg, auto companies would probably shift to .cerning the freedom movements taking place these problems. smaller cars. Americans who want bigger in tlie Baltic States. Robert Samuelson, the noted economist, cars would keep the ones they have longer. If provided in today's Washington Post an excel­ fuel prices stay low, people will drive more. I, along with the Michigan Republicans, This would cut fuel savings. And mileage hope that this situation will soon be behind us, lent summary of why we need energy taxes. Any energy policy that is not based on energy standards don't affect the half of oil that and that the people of the Baltic States will doesn't go into vehicles. soon be enjoying their freedom. taxes is political hypocrisy. I would like to in­ What's wrong with an energy policy that Mr. Speaker, for the benefit of my col­ clude Mr. Samuelson's article in the RECORD: simply relies on the market is that energy leagues and dear friends here in the Con­ JUST TINKERING WITH ENERGY-BUSH'S PLAN isn't like popcorn. Using energy involves po­ gress, I ask that the Michigan Republican Bal­ A VOIDS THE TOUGH STEPS tential costs for society that aren't fully re­ tic resolution be made part of this RECORD: (By Robert J. Samuelson) flected in market prices. The most obvious costs are environmental (air pollution and Resolved that Michigan shall support dip­ President Bush's "national energy strat­ the possible impact of the greenhouse effect) lomatic initiatives and efforts in Congress to egy," unveiled last week, is predictably dis­ and economic (losses from foreign supply dis­ acknowledge and reaffirm recognition of Es­ appointing. Conspicuously missing is an en­ ruptions). Just because the dangers aren't tonia, Latvia and Lithuania as independent, ergy tax, which would force Americans to in­ precise doesn't mean they should be ignored. sovereign nations. vest more in energy efficiency. Sadly. the A good energy policy is like a good army: It Arguments in favor: omission was virtually preordained. Every­ should protect us against plausible harm, On January 14, 1991 the Soviet Union mas­ one wants more conservation, a cleaner envi­ not merely certain calamity. sacred unarmed civilians in Lithuania, ronment and lower oil imports. But most There is also another problem. In a normal threatening to take similar action in Latvia Americans don't think they should suffer the market, when people want more of some­ and Estonia. Nevertheless. with 84 percent least inconvenience in the pursuit of these thing, producers can readily supply it. Not in participation in the referendum of February goals-and politicians, despite the object les­ energy. We limit offshore drilling, don't 9, 1991, 90 percent of Lithuanian voters cou­ son of the Gulf war, won't tell them other­ automatically approve new electricity plants rageously declared that Lithuania should be wise. and reject new nuclear power. You may or a "sovereign, democratic republic". It's an impossible combination. You can't may not support these restrictions. Some The U.S. government recognized the inde­ easily promote conservation without an en­ may be modified. But they won't vanish. If pendent governments of Lithuania, Latvia ergy tax. By themselves, market prices are demand grows freely and supply doesn't, the and Estonia in 1922 and has never recognized too erratic to provide reliable signals about system ultimately chokes. Either imports the incorporation of the Baltic Republics whether it pays to invest in more fuel-effi­ rise or scarcities occur. We've experienced into the Soviet Union. cient cars or lower-wattage light bulbs. In the first, and scarcities-especially of elec­ Michigan Republicans should lend support 1980, "real" oil prices (in constant 1990 dol­ tric! ty-could emerge in the 1990s. to the efforts of many Congressional leaders lars) averaged $43 a barrel. By 1986, they had By dampening demand, an energy tax who are calling for economic and diplomatic dropped to $17 a barrel. Last year the month­ would bridge the contradiction between en­ pressures to get Soviet troops out of the Bal­ ly averages varied between $15 and $33 a bar­ ergy as a private good (individuals want big tic States; i.e. suspension of favorable trade rel. The fickleness of consumers means, in supplies, low prices) and as a public good assistance, agricultural subsidies, ceremo­ turn. that companies that want to sell en­ (using too much creates problems for soci­ nial meetings. ergy efficiency can't build a market. ety). There's ample conservation potential. In this time of crisis, Republicans must To be fair, the political hypocrisy on this Electricity demand could be cut at least 24 stand by their commitment to the National matter is bipartisan. Sen. Timothy Wirth of percent by using the most efficient products Platform of 1988 which reads: Colorado typifies Democrats who last week available, estimates the Electric Power Re­ "We support the desire for freedom and criticized the White House plan for not suffi­ search Institute, an arm of the utility indus­ self-determination of all those living in cap­ ciently emphasizing conservation. But try. Significantly, the cost of these savings tive nations... . We support the desire of Wirth's own energy plan also avoids a tax. is less than the cost of new power plants to Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, (}iven this consensus, what we can expect is supply the same electricity. Ukrainians, peoples of the Caucuses, and an energy debate in which environmentalists To work, an energy tax would have to be other people held captive in the Soviet and energy producers peddle equally mis­ stiff-at least 20 to 30 percent. But it need Union." leading solutions. not be a monster. It could be phased in over Arguments against: Producers think energy should be like pop­ a few years. The tax burden need not rise, be­ We are currently allied with the Soviets in corn: You should buy as much as you want cause the energy tax could be rebated by the Gulf War. and can afford. Trust the market. To them, lowering other taxes. It would spur the mar­ We want to support Gorbachev in his ef­ energy policy means removing regulations ket for energy efficiency. while giving con­ forts. that limit production. Environmentalists re­ sumers and businesses flexibility. It's the Supporting the Baltic States could cause gard energy consumption as a sin that can be core of an effective energy policy. Until we instability in that region. curbed-painlessly to most of us-by regula- get it, everything else is tinkering. February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4589 DEMOCRACY UNDER SEIGE is particularly true of the Helsinki Commis­ U.S. Congress supports his efforts at democ­ sion, which is a unique, bipartisan body in ratization. But we are deeply concerned by the United States. It combines legislative his recent turn from his stated objective of a HON. RICHARD J. DURBIN and executive branch representation and is society under the rule of law. OF ILLINOIS mandated by law to monitor implementation We would urge President Gorbachev not to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Helsinki Final Act by all of its sig­ abandon the principles and policies that have Wednesday, February 27, 1991 natories, including the United States. The earned him a role in history. Let me quote Helsinki Commission has a tradition of close from his extraordinary address to the United Mr. DURBIN. Mr. Speaker, last week I ties with Baltic political activists, many of Nations on December 7, 1988 in New York. joined a congressional delegation led by Rep­ whom have met with Commission Members "It is also quite clear to us that the prin­ resentative STENY HOYER, chairman of the in Washington, New York and at CSCE con­ ciple of freedom of choice is mandatory. Its Commission on Security and Cooperation in ferences in Europe. non-recognition is fraught with extremely Europe, which visited Latvia, Lithuania, and Our presence here signals our commitment grave consequences for world peace. Denying Estonia to demonstrate support for the demo­ to your cause. As Americans we are very that right to peoples, under whatever pretext cratic aspirations of the Baltic peoples. Our concerned about the war in the Middle East or rhetorical guise, jeopardizes even the visit is the first by a delegation of Members of and the danger faced by our people in the fragile balance that has been attained. Free­ Gulf. But we are deeply concerned about the dom of choice is a universal principle that the U.S. Congress to the Baltic States since unmistakable shift in Moscow's policies should allow of no exceptions. the bloodshed in Uthuania and Latvia in Janu­ which has led to tragic consequences in Lat­ It was not simply out of good intentions ary. We discussed the recent tragic and brutal via and Lithuania. This shift has deeply that we came to the conclusion that that crackdown by Soviet military forces with the troubling ramifications for U.S.-Soviet rela­ principle was absolute. We were driven to it Presidents of all three Baltic States. We re­ tions and hopes of creating a much longed­ by an unbiased analysis of the objective layed our strong belief that such actions con­ for "new world order." If the old world order trends of today." stitute a serious and flagrant violation of the was symbolized by the grim barrier enclosing We hope that President Gorbachev's ap­ Helsinki Final Act as well as of the spirit and Berlin, the new world order is reflected in pointment of new negotiating teams to the objectives of the recently adopted Paris Char­ the democratic forces at work in this room. Baltic States indicates a readiness to return For in this new world order we are talking to political means of resolving political ter. In addition to meetings with the presidents about the basic rights and responsibilities of problems. It would be a tragedy for everyone we also met with heads of government and peoples and nations towards each other. if he turned his back on his own legacy. Let other high-ranking officials, parliamentary rep­ Our primary purpose in coming here is to us recognize anew that it is better to avert resentatives, and spokesmen of parliamentary gather information, to offer support for your wrongs than to atone for them; it is wiser to opposition, and national minority groups. magnificent and courageous strides towards keep friends than to lose them. And we hope We went on to Moscow to hold talks with democracy and freedom, and to demonstrate to convey that message to President Gorba­ RSFSR Supreme Soviet Chairman Boris our solidarity with your goals. In our talks chev in person. with you and with your counterparts in Lith­ In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, we Yeltsin regarding the current situation in the uania and Estonia in the next two days we come to the Baltic States with full hearts Soviet Union and means of promoting democ­ will learn-and 7ie know we will be inspired. and open minds. We mourn the innocent vic­ ratization in Russia. Your labors both reflect Helsinki ideals tims of January and we pray that our efforts Mr. Speaker, while in Riga Mr. HOYER was and nourish and nurture their spirit-a spirit to foster democracy, human rights and the invited to address the elected representatives that brought political prisoners into politi­ self-determination of peoples will honor of the people of Latvia. This was the first truly cal office and into dialogue with their former their memory. And we appreciate the oppor­ competitive and freely chosen parliamentary jailers. It is our belief that the Helsinki tunity to honor you-their representatives, body in Latvia since 1940. My colleague, Mr. process-which for years grouped around the and our colleagues. HOYER echoed the sentiment of the bipartisan table contending blocs in difficult and even "Visu labako Jums, un novelu Jums Dieva bitter negotiation-can provide the frame­ svetibu." ("All the best to you, and may God delegation, and spoke of the new world order work in which neighbors may sit with neigh­ bless you.") as being reflected in the democratic forces at bors to address the sometimes conflicting work in the very room in which he spoke-the needs of minority and majority populations. newly restructured Latvian Supreme Soviet. For those of us who have long been active LEGISLATION INTRODUCED TO Such an order demands our attention and in the Helsinki process, the values enshrined PROVIDE TAX RELIEF FOR PEO­ commands our solidarity. in the Final Act and subsequent CSCE docu­ PLE WHOSE FUNDS ARE TIED UP ments supply the guiding principles for Mr. Speaker, I insert Mr. HOYER's address in IN CLOSED FINANCIAL INSTITU­ the RECORD and commend it to my col­ international relations and the relationship between states and their citizens. These val­ TIONS leagues. ues include a firm commitment to human ADDRESS BY REPRESENTATIVE STENY H. rights and to the right of peoples to self-de­ HON. JOHN F. REED HOYER termination. The Helsinki Commission wel­ OF RHODE ISLAND President Gorbunovs, ladies and gentle­ comes the stated willingness of Latvia, Lith­ men, fellow parliamentarians. On behalf of uania and Estonia to adhere to CSCE prin­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all the members of my delegation, which rep­ ciples and has urged that they be granted ob­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 resents both major parties and speaks for a server status in the CSCE. Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing broad spectrum of America, let me say how As you know, after concluding our visit to pleased we are to be here today and how sad the Baltic States, we will meet with. Boris legislation today that would provide tax relief we are to grieve with you the loss of your Yel tsin in Moscow to gain his perspective on for people whose funds are tied up in closed fallen patriots. We thank you for your kind the Baltic situation and on prospects for pro­ financial institutions. invitation to come to Riga and to meet with moting democratization in Russia and the Mr. Speaker, we need this legislation in elected representatives of the people of Lat­ U.S.S.R. I am sure you would agree that Rhode Island and I believe we owe it to the via. without democracy in Russia, democracy thousands of people whose dreams are on All of you became members of Parliament and freedom elsewhere are threatened. hold until this crisis is resolved. in the first election in Latvia since 1940 We have been following the course of nego­ In my home state of Rhode Island, the col­ whose process was not controlled by one po­ tiations between the Baltic States and the litical party and whose outcome was not de­ Russian Republic and we consider it a hope­ lapse of the State's private insurance fund cided in advance. We salute and congratulate ful sign that the Russian Republic appears forced the Governor to close credit unions and you. You are the living embodiments of the ready to recognize the sovereignty of Latvia, banks on January 1 and unfortunately a num­ democratic spirit, all the more praise-wor­ Lithuania and Estonia. We look forward to ber of the credit unions have yet to reopen. thy for persevering in uncharted waters and establishing contacts with Mr. Yeltsin and What this means to people around the remaining hopeful and optimistic through­ to hearing his views on the future of rela­ country are dramatic news stories about the out. tions between Russia and the Baltic States. deepening recession and credit crunch in New This is my first trip to the Baltic States. Our delegation has also requested a meet­ England. What this means to thousands of In fact, most of the members of Congress you · ing with President Gorbachev. We hope that see have not been here before. Nevertheless, a favorable response will soon be forthcom­ people in Rhode Island is a struggle to survive this is by no means just a "get acquainted" ing because we believe it would be extremely in a State suffering from the same recession meeting. The U.S. Congress has had a long­ important for President Gorbachev and other that has so severely hurt the entire region. standing interest in the Baltic States. This political forces in Moscow to see ·that the Some people whose funds are blocked are 4590 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 serving their country in the Persian Gulf. Oth­ first but then your credit union doesn't get began. For 41 days, we have been witness to ers have lost their jobs and can't access the Federal insurance and can't reopen and sud­ the terror and fear that have plagued Iraq's savings they thought would see them through denly the IRS calls and says you owe taxes Middle East neighbors for 10 years. this time. on that money that's sitting in the closed ac­ The Republic of Fear must end with this Thousands of working people who have count. And you can't access that money or the war. We owe no less to the American soldiers been saving for years to make their own money you need to pay taxes on it. and their families who have witnessed first dreams come true are now putting those Thus, in the case that assets have been fro­ hand the ruthlessness of Hussein's reign of dreams on hold as they struggle to rebuild zen in a financial institution for more than 5 terror. We owe nothing less to our Israeli allies their lives-and new bank accounts. days, this provision suspends the deadline to who have been terrorized by the Iraqis, and There is no one in the State who has not reinvest the profits from the sale of a home. indeed, we owe nothing less to the citizens of been touched by this crisis. I hear every day The suspension will hold for up to 5 years or Kuwait who have seen their country and citi­ from friends and family members whose until such time as more than 50 percent of the zens ravaged by this tyrant. money is tied up in closed accounts and my net amount realized from the sale of the home I would like to share with my colleagues two office receives new calls each day from peo­ has been released from frozen accounts. excellent articles written by Richard Cohen ple who are being affected by this drastic cri­ I have constituents who are in this difficult which dramatically illustrate why we entered sis. situation and I am introducing this legislation this battle. Cohen correctly points out that Last week I joined the other members of the so that no one in Rhode Island or anywhere "History teaches so many lessons it seems to delegation in introducing legislation that would else in the country will suffer from this type of speak in double talk." The future is both an help States in the same situation as Rhode Is­ unwarranted penalty. enormous challenge and yet an opportunity for land by providing emergency loans or allowing The second addition to this legislation will us in the Middle East. I am hopeful that we the State to issue tax exempt bonds. Rep­ protect seniors over the age of 70 who, under meet this opportunity as bravely and as stu­ resentative MACHTLEY and I have also intro­ current I AS regulations, are required to with­ diously as our soldiers have done thus far in duced legislation to make Rhode Island small draw a certain percentage from their IRA ac­ the war. businesses hurt by this crisis eligible for disas­ count. If that amount is not withdrawn, the STOP SADDAM NOW ter loans from the Small Business Administra­ money is taxed at a much higher rate. If (By Richard Cohen) tion. you're over 70 and you live in Rhode Island, JERUSALEM.-If the prospect of one's hang­ Today I am introducing a fourth piece of leg­ your IRA could be frozen in a closed financial ing concentrates the mind, then the prospect islation that will help individuals directly af­ institution. And senior citizens shouldn't be pe­ of a poison gas attack absolutely rivets it. fected by this crisis. nalized with higher taxes because of some­ Understandably then, the line at the Jerusa­ lem Rubber Shop stretches into the street. If your taxes are withheld from your salary, thing beyond their control. you don't owe money at the end of the year. Here Israelis buy plastic sheeting to seal The situation we face is that IRS regulations rooms, and here they exchange tips on where But many people who estimate their tax pay­ that were meant to protect people who sell tape can be found. ment or owe taxes beyond the amount with­ their home and buy a new one and senior citi­ Will Saddam Hussein launch a chemical at­ held from their pay put money aside all during zens who have saved money in an IRA will tack by missile on Israel? The betting here is the year to pay taxes in April. And now that not unfairly penalize those same people be­ that he will. He has said as much, apparently money is not available. cause of the bank holiday. has the capability to do so, and it is in his The legislation I am introducing extends tax interest to get Israel into the fight and pos­ I hope that all my colleagues will support sibly shatter the Arab alliance against him. relief to people based on the amount of taxes this legislation not only because the people of they owe and the amount of money tied up in Like America's southern politicians of yore Rhode Island need your help today, but also who were easily intimidated by the single a closed financial institution. No one can defer because others may need this help tomorrow. issue of race, moderate Arabs are easily in­ payment of more money than is in a closed timidated by the single issue of Israel. account. This measure won't allow anyone to Israel, too, has its traditions. One of them get away with anything, but it will provide jus­ WHO WILL STOP THE REIGN? is to look out for itself. Another is to make tice to people who, through no fault of their the Arabs pay doubly any price extracted own, don't have the money they need to pay from Israel. Both traditions are logical, HON. NEWT GINGRICH based, Israelis say, on the ways of the Middle taxes due. OF GEORGIA These provisions are identical to legislation East. But yet another tradition is emotional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as well: Israel will not countenance the k111- introduced in the Senate by Rhode Island's Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ing of children. Senators JOHN CHAFEE and CLAIBORNE PELL. Possibly the Israeli position is just another However, the legislation I am introducing Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, from the early way of telling Saddam that he is taken seri­ today also includes two provisions drafted in reports Tuesday from inside Kuwait City, it ap­ ously here-a warning of sorts. But a warn­ response to calls we received from a group of pears that Saddam Hussein's campaign of ing seems beside the point. The consensus is constituents who have encountered specific lies, torture, terrorism, and fear is crumbling at that Saddam will not budge and that war is tax problems. the hands of the U.S. Armed Forces. Tens of inevitable. Indeed, Middle East experts­ When you sell your house the Internal Rev­ thousands of Iraqi soldiers have surrendered American as well as Israeli-have concluded that Saddam thinks war is the only way out enue Service Code allows you to take up to 2 in the last 48 hours, many walking toward for him. If he can survive the war, he can years to buy a new house or otherwise rein­ enemy tanks and thanking their captors. It ap­ emerge as the unchallenged leader of the vest your profits. At the end of that time, if you pears that the liberation of Kuwait is near Arab world-champion of the Palestinians have not reinvested the money, you are as­ completion. and the only leader in recent memory who sessed taxes on the capital gain you made However, as we offer our hopes and pray­ stood up to Washington. Victory is defined when you sold the house. ers for our troops bravely fighting on, let us politically. Ask a Texan about the Alamo. Now just imagine that you sold your house not forget "The Republic of Fear," as one Unlike the United States, there is very lit­ in Rhode Island in 1989 and then you were scholar termed Iraq, that Hussein has estab­ tle debate here over whether sanctions could eventually cause Saddam to cry uncle. Mid­ looking for a house to buy. Maybe it took you lished in the Middle East. dle East experts here, exhibiting more than a awhile-you were looking for just the right We cannot erase the memory of the nightly little contempt for their American counter­ house at a good price, interest rates were high terrorist attacks Hussein leveled at innocent parts, consider Saddam as metaphorically and you were waiting for them to come down. Israelis. Just as recently as Monday evening, menancing as President Bush's description of There are many reasons why you might not as Pennsylvania reservists were preparing for him: a Hitler. They entertain no doubts that have bought the house right away. And be­ dinner · in Saudi Arabia and Saddam Hussein his intention was to take more than just Ku­ sides, you had 2 years according to the IRS was claiming that his troops were withdrawing wait: the Gulf states for sure and maybe rules. from Kuwait, a Scud missile landed, claiming Saudi Arabia as well. The Iraqi army sent into Kuwait was overqualified for the task, Fast forward to 1991. You're ready to buy many American lives. Our intelligence reports they say-a clear indication that Saddam and then the credit union where you put the now confirm our worst fears: Iraqi forces were had something grander in mind. money closes as part of a bank holiday. You armed with chemical weapons to use against Moreover, Israeli experts were saying last may not even have been all that worried at American soldiers when the ground battle spring that Iraq was gearing up to make February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4591 trouble. Wbile they were being assured by people not much different from you and me­ My bill authorizes the AANMPHC to estab­ Washington that Saddam's threats were just or even those I did not but can well imagine: lish a memorial in the District of Columbia rhetoric (he threatened gas attacks against for example, soldiers who are our enemy be­ and/or its environs. The memorial shall be es­ Israel), they nevertheless took these state­ cause they have no choice but to wear a uni­ ments at something like face value: Saddam form. I think also of Saddam Hussein, whose tablished in accordance with the "standards was up to something, they warned. Now, posters, pictures, monuments and statues for placement of a commemorative work on with windows being sealed and Israeli tele­ were everywhere. The presence of the man, certain lands in the District of Columbia." The vision showing how to cope with a gas at­ never seen but always felt, suffused Baghdad. AANMPHC will be solely responsible for rais­ tack, it is small comfort to these experts In flights of rhetoric, President Bush com­ ing and acr..epting all contributions of the ex­ that they were right. pared Saddam to Hitler. In one sense, the Otto von Bismarck, the Prussian and, comparison was ridiculous. Iraq is not Nazi penses to establish the memorial. My bill spe­ later, German chancellor, once said that Germany, but that's merely because it can't cifically states that "No Federal funds may be "some damned foolish thing in the Balkans" be. It's a third World country in the Middle used to pay any expense of the establishment would start World War I. It turned out to be East, not a historic power in the heart of Eu­ of the memorial." Serbia. Now, something similar has hap­ rope. But in other relevant respects, Bush Mr. Speaker, my bill is intended to serve as pened. The "damned foolish thing" is Ku­ was right on the mark. Iraq is a police the vehicle for a national African-American wait, a Middle Eastern Serbia. state-"The Republic of Fear," one scholar World War I now comes to mind for an­ has called it. Moreover, Saddam-like Hitler monument. Throughout the United States other reason. Then as now ultimatums were or, for that matter, Stalin-is a thug. there are thousands of memorials and other issued, armies were mobilized, and states­ In whatever manner American policy was artistic works recognizing the accomplish­ men, desperately trying to avert war, found implemented-ineptly before the Aug. 2 inva­ ments of individual Americans of African an­ themselves hemmed in by the timetables of sion of Kuwait but steadier afterward-it cestry. While I am very appreciative that these generals. These soon became controlling, and was nevertheless morally correct. In his 11 persons have been honored by millions of years in power, Saddam has made war so each nation went to war before it thought Americans, the contributions of the African­ the other was ready. They were all ready. against Iran and invaded Kuwait. He has Something like that seems to be happening ruthlessly dealt with his opponents. The American community as a whole have yet to now-another deadline, another timetable army he assembled for the invasion of Ku­ be memorialized. set by the military, another war that may wait might well have proceded farther had Our Nation's Capitol is culturally diverse and well convulse and then remake the region the United States not intervened. He used has many monuments, bridges, museums and and, yes, another war in which "victory" poison gas-as the phrase goes-"against his other structures commemorating the great may well turn out to be a prelude to an even own people." From an Iraqi perspective, the Kurds are not their people, but they are peo­ men and women who strove to weave the true worse war. In Israel, for instance, a virtually ideals of democracy and liberty into America's Balkan mingling of peoples means the situa- · ple in Iraq nonetheless. Saddam made a tion on the ground could be worse than any swipe at genocide. sociocultural fabric. For over 500 years, peo­ in the skies. For both Palestinians and Jews, The linkage Saddam concocted under pres­ ple of African d.escent have often put family, the coming days may mean even more blood­ sure is real enough. The Palestinian question life and property on the line to defend their shed-happy days for the area's abundant must be settled. It is true also that incred­ constitutionally mandated rights. crop of zealots. ibly rich states of the Middle East must share more of their wealth. Iraq is right, too, Mr. Speaker, the erection of an African­ History teaches so many lessons it seems American monument could serve many pur­ to speak in double talk. But the sealing of when it insists that the oil market, upon rooms and the storage of food is history it­ which Iraq depends, must be stabilized. poses for not only the African-American com­ self; a defense against a tryant who has used These are genuine issues. munity, but also for all America. A national gas against civilians and might do so again. I came back to the United States to hear monument will evoke a sense of pride and ac­ This in itself speaks volumes about the chal­ people criticize the president. Yes, his execu­ complishment for African-Americans young lenge the West now faces. Oil is a factor, tion has not been tauntless. He should not and old. With the advent of a monument, it will sure, and principle (the rule of law) is yet an­ have called Saddam names, thereby possibly making it impossible for the prideful Iraqi be much easier to carry black history month other, but Saddam is his own lesson. He is a from February through January. By recogniz­ rogue who must be stopped. It is not the Is­ leader to reach a compromise. He should not raelis who are convincing about that. It's have said the United States would meet with ing the tremendous service and sacrifice pro­ Saddam Hussein. Iraq at any time and then have rejected the vided this Nation by African-Americans, many dates proposed, preposterous as they were. young people will be able to identify with their FACES OF BAGHDAD Maybe history will fault Bush. But my im­ history and culture and be further encouraged (By Richard Cohen) pression is that nothing would have worked. Saddam was never going to back down. to investigate their heritage and learn about She was what you might call a character. The residual Vietnam dove in me has had from whence they derived. She spoke a flamboyant English with a Brit­ a hard time with this war. The faces of Bagh­ For Americans, such a memorial will go a ish accent, served tea, offered cookies, felt long way to promote understanding between mildly inconvenienced by the embargo and dad, the people I met there, are still fresh in denounced those who thought war was com­ my mind. But so too are those of the former African-Americans and other communities. Mr. ing as fools, unschooled in the ways of the hostages, the Iraqis who died under torture, Speaker, I am a firm believer that cultural edu­ the bloated bodies of the dead Kurds, the cation can bridge gaps and act as a healing Middle East. A solution would be found, a people of Tel Aviv who were attacked by settlement reached. As for her, she was stay­ Iraqi missiles last night, and now, the Amer­ balm among human beings. The establish­ ing right were she lived-in Baghdad. icans who die in combat. Maybe there is no ment of this monument will let the world know And so for me the face of the enemy is that such thing as a good war, but this one, given of the important developments of this Nation woman. It is also an artist I met and a Saddam's nature, comes close. woman whose child, 13 months old, teetered and the role African-Americans played in nur­ from one near-catastrophe to another-a hot turing politics/government, music, theater, cup of tea, a tray of cookies, a looming cof­ business, science, exploration, and a whole fee table. These people, like the woman with AFRICAN-AMERICAN IDSTORY AND plethora of areas. the British accent, thought no war would CULTURE MEMORIAL Edward W. Blyden wrote in 1880, "He who come. For many reasons, not the least of writes the history of modern civilization will be them being the conviction that their tyrant, HON.KWEISIMRJME culpably negligent if he omits to observe and Saddam Hussein, was no different than the OF MARYLAND to describe the black stream • • • which has other tyrants of the region. War would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES avoided. It made no sense. poured into humanity from the heart of the War seldom does. But the reasons for this Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Sudan." This sentiment not only captures the one are as compelling as any short of imme­ Mr. MFUME. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ true spirit of Black History Month, but it also diate self-defense. I say that as someone who ducing House Joint Resolution 155, a joint highlights my reasoning for working with the initially supported the slow working of the resolution authorizing the Association for Afri­ AANMPHC to develop legislation to establish sanctions but whose mind was changed when an African-American monument. I spotted a brimming fruit market in Bagh­ can-American National Monument to Promote dad. I say that as someone who thinks a true History and Culture, Inc. [AANMPHC] to es­ In closing, I encourage all of my colleagues victory may well be impossible. tablish a memorial in the District of Columbia to support this bill, and hope that the appro­ But having been in Baghdad just a week or its environs to honor the history and culture priate committees will give this bill due and ago, I think of more than the people I met- of African-Americans. prompt consideration. 4592 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 NO NEED TO EASE RESTRICTIONS Dixon and Paul Simon, Samuel Skinner, U.S. He was a member of the Adas Israel Con­ ON LONGER COMBINATION VEID­ Department of Transportation, Michael gregation, the Samuel Gompers Masonic CLES Lane, lllinois Department of Transportation, Lodge and the Almas Temple of the Shrine. the lllinois Delegation to the U.S. House of Survivors include his wife, Esther L. Representatives, all State Legislators, Coopersmith, whom he married in 1954, of HON. HARRIS W. FAWEil DuPage Mayors & Managers Conference Potomac; four children, Jonathan C. OF ll..LINOIS through the Division of Transportation, and Coopersmith of College Station, Tex., Con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES copies to the Auditor, Treasurer, Finance stance R. Coopersmith of Miami Beach, Fla., Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Department, State's Attorney's Office, Attn: Jeffrey H. Coopersmith of Seattle, Wash., Anna Harkins, County Board, and the Divi­ and Ronald S. Coopersmith of Potomac; two Mr. FAWELL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to sion of Transportation. brothers, Joseph and David Coopersmith, bring to your attention a resolution adopted by both of Silver Spring, and one sister, Hilda the County Board of DuPage County, IL, on Coopersmith of Carmel, Calif. February 12, 1991, regarding a proposal TRIBUTE TO THE LATE JACK pending in the Illinois House of Representa­ COOPERSMITH tives to increase the current weight limit on ADDICTED TO OIL, FOREVERMORE trucks and allow longer combination vehicles HON. GARY L ACKERMAN [LCV's] for freight transport. OF NEW YORK HON. GERRY E. STIJDDS Elimination of the 80,000 pound limit on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MASSACHUSETTS truck weight and current restrictions on LCV's Wednesday, February 27, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would have a number of deleterious effects on our National Highway System, at a time when Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today Wednesday, February 27, 1991 we must use our resources to solve the impor­ with the sad task of informing the House that Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, because New tant issue of suburban congestion. The America has lost one of its best. Jack Englanders rely on oil more than any other re­ DuPage County Board resolution succinctly Coopersmith, businessman, philanthropist, and gion-and consequently pay more for en­ outlines the safety issues, traffic problems, an exceptional gentleman, passed away on ergy-we are acutely aware of the need for an Tuesday after a long bout with cancer. and overall stress on highway infrastructure energy strategy that will sharply reduce the caused by the allowance of larger, heavier ve­ I first met Jack 8 years ago through his son, American addiction to petroleum-both im­ hicles on the road. I share the board's views Jeffrey, who worked for me at the time as a ported and domestic. The administration's so­ young and eager legislative assistant. It was on this issue, and I commend the resolution to called "national energy strategy" released last perhaps through Jeffrey and his brothers and the attention of my colleagues: week will not accomplish this goal. The weak­ sister that I recognized Jack Coopersmith's RESOLUTION nesses of the strategy are well delineated by finest attributes. He passed onto his children the Cape Cod Times in today's edition. I com­ Whereas, last year in the United States his burning desire to improve the world, to 100,000 people were injured and 4,500 killed in mend this editorial to the attention of my col­ give more than you take, and never to tread traffic accidents involving trucks; and leagues: on the easy path. Whereas, car passengers are 32 times more ENERGY'S STATUS QUO likely to die in a car-truck collision than the Jack was a gentleman of much good humor, driver of the truck; and who delighted in the simple pleasures. He Given that the Gulf War is to a great ex­ Whereas, 76% of the trucks in truck-relat­ could afford to eat in the finest restaurants in tent about Western dependence on Mideast ed accidents had broken, substandard or de­ the world, yet his eyes lit up at a well-stuffed oil, President Bush's version of a domestic fective parts, and 41% of them were so poorly energy policy comes as a great disappoint­ corned beef sandwich. I remember, too, how ment. maintained they were immediately ordered delighted he was a few years ago when I gave out of service; and According to most of what the president Whereas, longer combination vehicles, him a neighborhood tour of New York City and has had to say on the subject, that policy such as the "Turnpike Double" (one truck how interested he was to learn about the var­ boils down to providing more oil. The alter­ carrying two 48 foot trailers) measuring ious religious and ethnic communities. Well native-developing and improving additional more than one-third the length of a football into his 70's at the time, he exhibited a thirst energy resources-seems to have been re­ field and weighing as much as 134,000 pounds for knowledge that was both profound and in­ jected. have an accident rate as much as 2-3 times nocent. Mr. Bush's administration has had 18 that of standard trucks; and months to produce an energy policy, six Mr. Speaker, my heart goes out at this sad months of which have an oil war written all Whereas, the violent whiP-like action time to Jack's loving wife, Esther, and his dear which occurs when trucks rapidly change over them. Yet the energy proposal Mr. Bush lanes is 31h times stronger in triple trailer and devoted children, Jeffrey, Connie, Jona­ sent to Congress this month seems oblivious trucks; and than, and Ronald, all of whom it is my great to the fact that half a million Americans and Whereas, highway traffic safety and the pleasure to know, and to his brothers Joseph their allies are under fire in Saudi Arabia, prevention of accidents is of the utmost con­ and David and his sister Hilda. Kuwait and now in Iraq itself. cern to all of us using the lllinois Interstate Mr. Speaker, I would like to enclose for the One of the most controversial elements of Highway and Tollway System; and RECORD a copy of Jack's obituary that ap­ the administration's energy program is the Whereas, a single truck carrying the maxi­ peared today in the Washington Post. The decision to open the coastal section of the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge to drilling. mum legal load causes 9,600 times as much obituary is brief, but no article, no matter how damage to lllinois Highways as a car; and The furor over the grounding of the Exxon Whereas, if heavier trucks are allowed, the long, could begin to capture the essence of Valdez in Prince William Sound in 1989 public cost of necessary upgrades to bridges Jack Coopersmith. closed that option-but only temporarily, as will exceed $4 billion nationwide; and JACK COOPERSMITH, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPER it turns out. Now the ANWR is back on the Whereas, lllinois Law currently prohibits Jack Coopersmith, 80, a real estate devel­ table. The reserve would provide a relatively the vehicle combinations known as the oper who specialized in service station proP­ limited amount of new domestic petroleum, "Turnpike Double" and "Triple" from oper­ erties, died of cancer Feb. 26 at Sibley Me­ while posing an environmental threat to a ating on lllinois Highways; Now, therefore, morial Hospital. particularly sensitive area of Alaska's North be it Mr. Coopersmith, who lived in Potomac, Slope. Resolved, That the County Board of DuPage was born in Washington. He graduated from The president's energy policy also would County hereby expresses its opposition to il­ McKinley Technical High School and the Co­ streamline licensing procedures for nuclear linois House Bill 3618, which would permit lumbus University School of Law, which is power plants, making construction and oper­ any number of 28-foot trailers to be towed by now part of Catholic University. ation easier. Nuclear power is promoted as a single tractor; and be it further During World War II, he served in the oil-independent, which it certainly is. But Resolved, That the County Board of DuPage Army in North Africa and Europe, and he what has yet to be resolved, and may never County further expresses its opposition to was awarded the Purple Heart for wounds re­ be, is how to safely dispose of over-age nu­ any legislation, whether State or Federal, ceived in action. clear plants and their tons of spent but high­ which permits or mandates that larger and/ Mr. Coopersmith began his real estate ca­ ly radioactive fuel rods once the plants' life­ or heavier combination vehicles be allowed reer after the war. He worked briefly for span of some 40 years expires. to use Illinois Highways; and be it further Shannon & Luchs and then began his own Furthermore, the once-enticing prospect of Resolved, That copies of this Resolution be business. He developed gas stations, many of cheap nuclear-generated electricity quickly sent to Governor Jim Edgar, Senators Alan which he owned. He never retired. proved illusory. These plants require con- February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4593 stant maintenance. That means expense-con­ likely prevent charitable remainders trusts from This second notice is to provide the remainder suming downtime, as any student of the becoming tax avoidance devices. beneficiary with up-to-date information on its trouble-plagued Pilgrim nuclear plant can The reason for the bill is that public charities actual financial stake in the estate and con­ attest. including Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Chil­ There are, to be sure, conservation meas­ firms the information sent in the preliminary ures in the president's energy policy, includ­ dren, Independent Sector, Seventh Day Ad­ notice. 1 The second notice reinforces the ing a requirement that 10 percent of all pri­ ventists, Audubon Society, and the American knowledge that the charitable beneficiary is to vate motor vehicle fleets-urban transit Council on Education, have found that only 2 have about its stake in the trust. buses, for example-operate on cleaner alter­ States out of 50 actually require notice to a If the executor or other fiduciary fails to pro­ native fuels such as methane, natural gas beneficiary of a testamentary charitable re­ vide either notice, the charitable contribution and gasohol by the year 1995. But this is not mainder trust of their interest in the estate. Be­ deduction for the value of the remainder inter­ a White House initiative; the requirement is cause it is not required by State law or local est is nondeductible. As soon a.s the proper set forth in the 1990 Clean Air Act. probate practice, the failure of notice may lead notices are provided the charitable remainder What's more, Bush's advisers rejected two to administrative abuses or losses. A number proposals that should be included in any vi­ beneficiaries, the deduction is allowable with­ sionary energy policy-revival of the Carter­ of significant abuse situations have arisen in out prejudice to the estate. Nonetheless, the era tax credits for power generated by renew­ recent years to make these institutions seek executor or other fiduciary may be personally able resources such as solar energy and wind the remedies prescribed by this bill. Since the liable for a failure to file penalty-at the rate power, and funding for energy conservation charitable remainder beneficiary often has had of $50 a day for each day of the failure-but by the Federal Government itself. no notice of its stake in a testamentary estate, the penalty is not imposed if there was rea­ The president's advisers resisted, with Mr. it cannot timely demand accountability at the Bush's approval, the concept of raising the sonable cause for not providing timely notice. stages of probate administration where it is Ignorance of the law is not reasonable cause. fuel efficiency of cars and trucks to an aver­ most likely or expected of nontrust bene­ age of 30 or more miles per gallon. And the ficiaries who get notice. EXPLANATION: NOTICE TO CHARITABLE REMAINDER BENE- president's idea of improved transportation Another problem addressed by the bill is the FICIARY BY DISCLOSURE OF A TRUST'S ANNUAL INFOR­ efficiency is to build even more super-high­ MATION RETURN ways to accommodate even more cars and charity's lack of information of its financial trucks, which would consume even more oil. stake in a fully funded, and functioning, chari­ Under existing law, qualified charitable re­ The ideal of building fuel-efficient, high­ table remainder trust. Although the common mainder trusts are exempt from Federal in­ speed intercity rail transportation has prob­ law of trusts recognizes the requirement that a come tax and contributions are deductible for ably been derailed. remainder beneficiary be provided financial in­ Federal income, estate, and gift tax purposes. Mr. Bush has been cautioned that insisting formation from a fiduciary, it is not mandated Federal law requires these trusts to file with on a tough national energy policy now could by any State statute that a fiduciary provide IRS annual information or tax · returns-IRS be a blow to his re-election plans. The Amer­ forms 1041 , 1041 A, 4720, and 5227 -on their ican people, he was told, by Chief of Staff such information to a charitable remainderman and there is no mechanism, short of a lawsuit financial condition, and respond to questions John Sununu and others, do not want to be 2 forced into smaller, more fuel-efficient cars. in State court, to require the information from dealing with fiduciary administration. There Maybe so, now. But a leader who is as the trustee. However, charitable remainder are approximately 36,000 charitable remainder strong an advocate for enlightened domestic trusts are required by Federal law (IRC sec. trusts presently filing form 5227 with IRS. IRS energy policy as for hammering together a 6034) and procedures (Revenue Procedure has no audit program for these returns. I am coalition to do war to protect "our way of 83-32) to file information returns with the In­ advised that of all the returns filed by these life" could help change that attitude. ternal Revenue Service. Giving the charity a trusts from 1986 through 1989, only 17 have What it comes down to is domestic leader­ been audited. It is estimated by Federal Gov­ ship. Where is it? copy of all the IRS returns filed by the fidu­ ciary allows the charitable remainderman the ernment sources that these trusts contain as­ opportunity to exercise supervision with re­ sets worth in excess of $2 billion, destined for spect to property held in trust for its benefit. charitable beneficiaries. INTRODUCTION CERTAIN NOTICE The second part of the bill requires the fidu­ LEGISLATION The proposed legislation also directs the In­ ternal Revenue Service to create one com­ ciary of a qualified charitable remainder trust prehensive return rather than the three or four to file a copy of all its IRS returns with the HON. SAM GIBBONS which it now requires. Because of the Federal charitable beneficiary along with such other in­ OF FLORIDA subsidy that arises through the income tax ex­ formation required by IRS. The returris must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES emption of these trusts, and the deductibility of be filed with the charitable beneficiary at the charitable contributions, there exists a Federal same time that the return is filed with the In­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 interest in assuring some accountability of ternal Revenue Service. If a fiduciary fails to Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker,, the primary trustees with respect to their responsibility, at timely or completely file a return with the char­ purpose of my bill is to ensure that charitable no cost to the Treasury. itable beneficiary without reasonable cause, beneficiaries of charitable remainder trusts EXPLANATION: NOTICE TO CHARITABLE REMAINDER BENE­ it-the fiduciary, not the trust-is liable for a created or funded at death are made aware of FICIARIES OF A DECEDENT'S ESTATE DURING PROBATE $1 0 a day penalty for each day in which the their financial stake in these trusts through no­ ADMINISTRATION failure continues but the penalty may not ex­ tices provided by executors and other fidu­ The notice requirement applies to all estates ceed $5,000 with respect to the failure to file ciaries. The bill will not increase taxes on the claiming a charitable contribution deduction for · any one return. The penalty provision also au­ charitable beneficiaries nor increase, in any the actuarial value of property passing to a thorizes the Secretary to make a written de­ significant degree, the cost of administration of charitable remainder trust-including transfers mand on the fiduciary which failed to copy the a decedent's estate which contains a bequest to a pooled income fund. The bill requires the charity on the return and if the fiduciary again to a charitable remainder trust. The measure executor or other fiduciary, within 60 days fails to do so, a further penalty may be im­ is self-enforcing in that the ultimate penalty for after assuming his duties, to notify each re­ posed. If there was reasonable cause for the failure to timely comply with the notice require­ mainderman about: First, the existence of the ments falls on the delinquent executor or fidu­ estate; second, the fiduciaries of the estate; 1 The estate's estate tax return is supposedly avail­ ciary and not on the estate of the decedent, third, other charitable beneficiaries; and fourth, able from IRS to a "beneficiary under the will" but the charitable remainder trust or the charitable approximate value of the remainderman's before it is available, the Secretary must "find" that the beneficiary has a "material" interest in the beneficiary. stake in the trust. The preliminary notice also estate. IRC sec. 6103(e)(1)(E)(11). This notice provi­ Last year, the Congress adopted these pro­ requires that the executor give the remain­ sion creates practical problems and delays and visions as section 7301 of H.R. 11, which derman a copy of the governing instrument. doesn't overcome the basic problem that a charity has to know about the estate before it can learn President Bush vetoed. My colleagues and I Next, on or before the due date for the Fed­ about the value of its property rights. remain convinced that rules like these requir­ eral estate tax return, the charitable remain­ 2IRS apparently believes that form 1041 and 1041A ing disclosure to charities increase account­ derman is again notified of its interest in the are filed pursuant to IRC sec. 6034 and forms 4720 and ability for monies destined for charity, help decedent's estate and is provided with a copy 5227 pursuant to iRe sec. 6011. A single comprehen­ sive return is authorized by sec. 6034, which is pref­ protect the federal subsidy represented by the of the Federal estate tax return and such other erable, because such a f111ng is subject to disclosure tax deductions or exemptions at play and will information as may be required by the IRS. under sec. 6104. 4594 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 fiduciary not to timely file a copy of the IRS re­ engaged in a_major conflict and placed her Today, this is absolutely essential-indeed, turn with the charity, the penalty is abated. sons and daughters in harm's way on foreign it is a moral necessity-as the best of our shores. country's young men and women place their Wars past and present, have a terrible con­ lives and well-being on the line in the Per­ PATRIOT MISSILE AND ARTIFI­ tinuity. sian Gulf. CIAL LIMB ARE BOTH COSTS OF Though the sound and fury of the Argonne Do I exaggerate? Is it possible that even as during World War I has long since ended, its our government sent its youth into battle WAR faint echo was caught up and passed along at and assured them of its support, that same Guadalcanal and the Beaches of Normandy; government was making decisions to reduce HON. G.V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY again at Pusan and Pork Chop Hill; and once their entitlements should they return OF MISSISSIPPI more during Tet and Khe Sanh. Now, yet wounded and disabled? And that same gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES again, it crashes and thunders for all to hear ernment now contemplates still other deci­ sions that will undercut its ability to pro­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 in the Persian Gulf. So too, the human costs of war. The emo­ vide care? Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, develop­ tional and physical scars of those who served Let us look at the budget agreement ments in the Persian Gulf this week suggest are also passed on from one generation to reached last Fall in the midst of our troop that the war is in its final moments and the the next, sometimes fading from public con­ buildup in the Persian Gulf. sciousness, only to return and fade again. Proclaimed as universal belt tightening men and women serving in our Armed Forces that would be applied equally to all pro­ may soon be coming home. These too have always been with us. It is to these human costs and their ensu­ grams, the VA's portion of this agreement As our soldiers and sailors and airmen and ing obligation on the part of our government was a $621 million reduction in 1991 existing marines return from the Middle East, they that I shall speak to today. benefit levels. It will grow to over $3.6 billion have every right to expect from their country Messrs. Chairmen, I am a Vietnam veteran. during the next five years. appropriate benefits and services to address That is the context of my experience. And Messrs. Chairmen, no one, least of all we in their concerns and needs. though "my war," if you will, may have been the DA V and your two Committees, wanted They have a right to expect information and unique in terms of its conduct, outcome and to see this occur. But deficit reduction was upon us, hard choices had to be made and, assistance from counselors to direct them to­ impact upon our society, as a disabled vet­ eran of that war I am no different from, and again, everyone was to bite the same dis­ ward needed services. tasteful bullet. A combat-disabled veteran has a right to ex­ have shared common experiences with, dis­ abled veterans of prior conflicts. But when the dust cleared, were veterans pect that, when he files a claim for compensa­ Whether volunteer or draftee, we found treated fairly? Were all oxen equally gored? tion benefits or vocational rehabilitation, it will ourselves in uniform and, though we com­ More importantly, did we keep faith with be processed quickly and the benefits will be plained and grumbled, we served. In combat, those we were even then sending into harm's delivered on a timely basis. They should not we shared and witnessed both the terrible way? have to wait. and the wonderful . . . fear and pain, the Some of the reductions, though not wel­ death of a friend; and acts of great compas­ comed, were responsibily fashioned and de­ Veterans have a right to expect that their signed to impact upon those most able to re­ claims for benefits to further their education or sion and love and the making of lasting friendships. And when our wars were over, ceive them. New medical care copayments purchase homes will not be delayed because and reimbursements, income verification for of lack of staff or inadequate resources. there was the sheer relief of survival and the joy of returning home. means tested programs, and increased user They have a right to expect our veterans' As veterans, however, our need to depend fees are among their number. hospitals to be adequately staffed and capable upon one another did not end with our depar­ But of the $3.6 billion total figure, over $1 of delivering quality medical care. ture from the battlefield. The memories of billion was achieved through: And when the time comes, they have a right Reducing disability compensation pay­ what we endured and what we saw, and the ments to veterans found incompetent to han­ to expect that they will not be laid to rest in needs of our fellow disabled veterans, re­ dle their own personal finances; a poorly maintained cemetery. quired our continued association and focus. Removing DIC eligibility from certain wid­ As we continue to assemble a package of As a Vietnam veteran, I returned to a sys­ ows; benefits to meet the needs of these new veter­ tem of benefits and services forged by my Eliminating vocational rehabilitation ans, as well as the current population, we predecessors-veterans of World War II, and training for certain disabled veterans; the Korean conflict, found in service organi­ must keep in mind that these benefits are as Eliminating burial benefits to survivors; zations such as the DA V and in public posi­ and much a cost of war as any weaponry or tech­ tions of power such as the U.S. Congress. nology. Delaying the receipt of a COLA adjustment And in the intervening years since my re­ to disabled veterans, their widows and or­ Testifying before the Joint House and Sen­ turn, like my predecessors, I have seen our phans. ate Veterans' Affairs Committees yesterday, system of benefits both wax and wane, its Messrs. Chairmen, does anyone think that the National Commander of Disabled Amer­ fortune shift, subject to fading memories, these decisions, arrived at in the eleventh ican Veterans, Joseph Andry, very eloquently hard economic times and competing inter­ hour of a behind-closed-door deficit reduc­ implored us not to forget the "people" aspect ests. tion process, could have stood the light of of war and the commitment to the warrior. I In 1918 I am certain that no returning day and been accepted by the American peo­ doughboy could ever have envisioned the re­ ple? have never heard a more poignant statement alities of the Bonus March and Economy Act in this regard and am pleased to share his I don't think so. Not for a second. of the 1930's. World War II veterans, flushed And did these actions, hidden from public words with my colleagues: with victory and public adulation in 1945, view, reflect a uniform, across-the-board pol­ STATEMENT OF JOSEPH E. ANDRY, NATIONAL could not have imagined the adverse benefit icy that was applied to all programs? COMMANDER, DISABLED AMERICAN VETERANS recommendations of the Bradley Commis­ As payments to some 4,100 incompetent Messrs. Chairman and Members of the Vet­ sion in the 1950's. My generation, though not veterans were being reduced, this same budg­ erans Affairs Committees: regaled with parades and ticker tape, had no et act added reforms to ensure that 3.3 mil­ On behalf of the over 1.3 million members idea that it would take twenty years for our lion incompetent Social Security recipients of the Disabled American Veterans and its service to be placed in a rational perspective. received all entitlements due. Ladies' Auxiliary, may I say that it is indeed ·Messrs. Chairmen, I do not wish these ob­ As DIC eligibility was removed from veter­ an honor and a privilege to appear before you servations to be misconstrued. an's widows whose second marrige termi­ today on behalf of our Nation's wartime dis­ America's veterans are proud of their serv­ nated, the same act changed the law so that abled, their dependents and survivors. ice. The vast majority of us feel that, more widows of CIA personnel could continue to To those of you who are returning to serve than a responsibility, it is a privilege to don draw benefits when they remarried at age 55. on the Veterans Affairs Committees, and to our country's uniform. And we are grateful This presently applies to all widows under you who are embarking on such service, we for our system of benefits and the public sup­ the Federal Employees Retirement System. in the DA V wish you "God speed" at the port upon which it rests and depends. And while VA disability and death com­ onset of this, the 102nd Congress of the Unit­ But as a veterans's advocate, you and I pensation recipients were required to under­ ed States of America. both know our benefit system has been sub­ go a one month delay in the effective date of Messrs. Chairmen, I am both proud and ject to these cyclical changes. And that in their COLA, all other categories of federal humbled to act as a spokesman for veterans the last decade it has undergone a serious de­ beneficiaries were subjected to no such at such a time in our Nation's history. cline. And as veterans' advocates, you and I delay. We are presently at war. For the fifth time both have a responsibility to speak out and Messrs. Chairmen, veterans and their pro­ in some seven decades, America has become attempt to set things right. grams, without question, were unfairly sin- February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4595 gled out by the Reconciliation Act. There Our objectives shoud be repeal of last half of the DAV, I want to stress how very was no uniform standard applied and we see Fall's budget reconciliation restrictions that much we appreciate and value the friendship no rational basis that can explain a public eliminated the compensation, DIC, education and advocacy of your two Committees. May policy of such blatant discrimination. and burial benefit entitlements of disabled God bless your efforts in the days ahead. Some might say: Well, this is just another veterans and their families. example of the left hand not knowing what Secondly, we must secure adequate support the right hand is doing. For those disabled in for the VA in the coming fiscal year, to in­ GI CHARLIE prior wars and those troops now serving in clude an immediate appropriation of funds the Persian Gulf, this explanation is just not for VA health care. good enough. We cannot depend upon the normal legisla­ HON. ROBIN TAllON So much for decisions recently made. What tive process to accomplish these objectives OF SOUTH CAROLINA about those now being contemplated? for it is cumbersome, subject to the concerns IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the Administration's recently submitted just noted, and, in the last analysis, con­ budget request we see more of the same. cluded behind-closed-doors and out of the Wednesday, February 27, 1991 In addition to a call for continuation of public eye. Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, I received a let­ last Fall's benefit restrictions, and no added The all important question is: Where do we ter from Evelyn Dennis of Kingstree, SC, last health care dollars based on potential Per­ get the money? sian Gulf War casualties, we see: As stated before, if we can find the funds to week. She told me that she had seen a news The virtual elimination of all beneficiary wage war, we can find the funds to support broadcast saying that we had Gl Joe from pre­ travel payments; the warrior. If we can promise money and vious wars, but so far. we had no specific Gl Additional termination of vocational reha­ cancel debts for our coalition partners, if we for Operation Desert Storm. bilitation eligibility for disabled veterans; can even now talk of a post-war rebuilding of In response to this, Ms. Dennis has written No additional funding for veterans' medi­ Iraq, then we can darn well make and keep a poem for her nephew, "GI Charlie," who is cal research; some promises to our own veterans. Down payments and increased users' fees stationed in the gulf. This is a moving and One source of funds could be the $50 billion touching piece that I am pleased and proud to in the home loan guaranty program; and pledged by our various coalition partners An 80 percent reduction, nationwide, in and allies who stand to gain by American share with my colleagues. Disabled Veterans' Outreach Program Spe­ blood shed to defeat Saddam Hussein. Some Many battles have been fought cialists. of them do not wish their contributions to be Upon the battlefield; Messrs. Chairmen, to give you a sense of used for weapons, munitions or the direct Many victories were wrought the anger, bewilderment and frustration that conduct of the war. Fine, let it be used to Many their lives did yield. we in the DA V feel, let me draw your atten­ care for our nation's disabled veterans. And now we've reached that stage again tion to an item in the budget request that I Also, in a few short weeks, the Administra­ When nations can't agree; have not mentioned above. tion will come to Capitol Hill with a Desert For now our brave women and men Through a legislative change, our govern­ Storm appropriations request. A special rule Shall fight for liberty. ment proposes to say this to those now serv­ already exists that exempts this request ing in the Persian Gulf: As missiles sound within the night from the budget reconciliation caps approved From enemy attacks; "Listen, if you get killed and if you have a last Fall. A portion of this funding should be " stepchild," we're not going to provide war You wait and pray the morning light orphans educational assistance to that child. and can be focused on the VA. Again, a Pa­ Reveals a winner's facts. We used to do that for veterans of prior wars, triot Missile and an artificial limb are both Though miles do tend to separate but things are kind of tough these days. Be­ " costs of war." You from your family, sides, we can save all of $1.1 million during · And if there are those who say that this We'll stay in prayer until the wait the next 12 months with this change, so we cannot be done, that the rules just can't be Does end in Victory. hope you will understand." changed, my answer to them is, that is an excuse, not a reason. You don't hear our Remember that we're proud of you Messrs. Chairmen, I doubt if anyone would As you stand for Freedom's Cause; care to claim authorship of this proposal, troops in the Gulf saying their job is too dif­ ficult or too painful. You're protecting our Red, White, and Blue but there it is. Its cold insensitivity should We now in reverence pause. repel us all. Messrs. Chairmen, to achieve these objec­ A few short months ago, during his State tives, I suggest that a good place to start of the Union address, President Bush drew would be at the White House. I propose that sustained applause and standing ovations a bipartisan delegation from these two Com­ DONALD KOONCE HONORED FOR from the Congress when he mentioned our mittees, those on Appropriations, and in­ OUTSTANDING ACillEVEMENT BY troops in the Persian Gulf and the mission cluding Veterans' Service Organization rep­ NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR given to them. This outburst of feeling was resentatives, request a meeting with the President. Putting our case on the table be­ EQUAL OPPORTUNITY IN HIGHER spontaneous and genuine, reflective of the EDUCATION views of all Americans. Without question, it fore the President, and in a fashion that was uplifting to our military personnel. draws public attention, is absolutely essen­ That same evening, in his remarks to the tial. We must seize the moment or watch it HON. WllllAM LEHMAN slip through our fingers. nation, Senator Mitchell noted that Ameri­ OF FLORIDA ca's support for those now serving in the Messrs. Chairmen, at the beginning of my Gulf would not end when the fighting ended. statement I drew attention to my Vietnam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This message too was uplifting. experience and I would like to return to that Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Two pledges made before the American context. people. In the last few months, as we approached Mr. LEHMAN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I After making the agonizing decision to en­ our involvement in the Persian Gulf war, would like to extend warm congratulations to gage in war, if we can find the wherewithal much has been said about "learning the les­ Donald Koonce, a chapter 1 supervisor in the to marshal our resources and pursue it to its sons of Vietnam." Well I believe we have Dade County public schools, who has been conclusion, then we can and should match made a conscious effort to do just that. nominated to receive the 1991 Distinguished that same level of commitment to pay for For the Persian Gulf war, our government Alumni Citation Award from the National Asso­ war's continuing cost. has attempted to define its aims to the ciation for Equal Opportunity in Higher Edu­ I believe our government has demonstrated American public in order to gain their sup­ its willingness and ability to do the former. port. We have learned that this is essential. cation. The award will be conferred at an I have yet to see it do the latter. And once we have committed our troops to NAFEO awards banquet on Saturday, March Messrs. Chairmen, this second pledge must battle, we apparently have learned that we 23, here in Washington. be kept. But it is up to you and your two must supply our military leaders with all the Mr. Koonce comes from a distinguished Committees, who are our advocates and in a resources and all the strategic flexibility family in Miami and is a graduate of Fort Val­ position of authority, to provide the leader­ they need in order to accomplish their mis­ ley State College. He joins a long list of lead­ ship. sion. This too, is an important lesson. ers in business, engineering, law, medicine, And it is up to the DA V and others in the But what of the lesson on how we treat our and education who are graduates of histori­ veterans' community to support your efforts. veterans once they return home? I hope with For if we do not back you every step of the all my heart and soul that we will learn this cally black colleges and universities. The con­ way, competing interests, partisan concerns one also. · tribution that these institutions have made to and ideological differences inherent to our Messrs. Chairmen, I thank you for allowing our Nation is far out of proportion to their num­ legislative process wm block your way. me to address you here this morning. On be- bers. 4596 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 Donald Koonce is putting his expertise to tions of the Chinese Government. China has, A DISTINGUISHED CAREER work for youngsters who need extra help to for example, cooperated in trying to reach a develop their skills. He is a credit to both his political settlement in Cambodia, and in laying HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR alma mater and his community, and our hopes the basis through the U.N. Security Council for OF OHIO for continued success go with him. the demand of the international community IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that Saddam Hussein get out of Kuwait. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 It is also important for Chinese leaders to CONDEMNATION OF ClllNA'S Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, this Saturday, recognize, however, the continued abhorrence JAU.ING OF THE March 2, 1991 , Greater Cleveland will pay trib­ PRODEMOCRACY DEMONSTRA- we feel toward the Tiananmen massacre and ute to John T. Corrigan with a mass to be fol­ TORS the violations of human rights in China. While lowed by a brunch in the grand ballroom of I join Ambassador Zhu in hoping that United the Stouffer Tower City Plaza Hotel. For more HON. ~. S. BROO~ELD States-Sino relations will again develop in a than three decades John T. Corrigan has OF MICHIGAN constructive manner, the Chinese leadership been serving his community with distinction as must know that the continuing trials and per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cuyahoga County prosecutor, an office he has secution in China will not bring us back to that held since 1957. His many friends and admir­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 point. ers will gather this Staurday to give thanks for Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, while the THE EMBASSY OF THE his outstanding career and to honor him for world's attention has been focused on the Per­ PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, his contributions to Greater Cleveland and to sian Gulf, China has stepped up the punish­ Washington, DC, February 5, 1991. the Nation. For truly, John T. Corrigan is not ment of participants in the 1989 prodemocracy Hon. GUS YATRON. only a Cleveland success story, he is also an Hon. DOUG BEREUTER. demonstrations in Beijing's Tiananmen Hon. DANTE B. F ASCELL. outstanding example of what hard work and Square. While earlier sentences were suf:r Hon. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD. integrity can give an individual and his com­ posedly lenient by Chinese standards, some Hon. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ. munity. activists have recently been sentenced to up Hon. JIM LEACH. John T. Corrigan was born in Cleveland on to 13 years in prison. The sentences seemed Hon. WAYNE OWENS. July 19, 1923. He graduated from St. Ignatius to be based, if anything, only on the degree to Hon. JOHN MILLER. High School in 1941 and entered John Carroll which the prisoners gave in to formidable gov­ DEAR CONGRESSMEN: I write to refer to University. He interrupted his college career to ernment pressure and recanted. your letter dated January 14, 1991. enter the United States Army where he served Congressmen YATRON, BEREUTER, FASCELL, With regard to the matter raised in your with valor and distinction in the European and letter, I wish to make a few points of clari­ SOLARZ, LEACH, OWENS of Utah, MILLER of fication which I hope will facilitate your un­ Asiatic Pacific Theaters. He left the service in Washington, and I wrote to the Chinese Am­ derstanding of the real situation of the case 1946 with three battle stars, a Purple Heart bassador on this subject on January 14. We in question. and scars from a battle wound he suffered in joined the administration in expressing strong First of all, the seven persons mentioned in Germany. objection to the trials and sentencing that are your letter are not so-called pro-democracy Like many young men who came back from taking place, and to the fact that foreign ob­ demonstrators but law-breakers involved in war, John T. Corrigan rolled up his sleeves servers-including diplomats and journalists­ the 1989 incident. According to the Constitu­ and went to work. He was employed as a con­ have been barred from these trials, which tion, Chinese citizens enjoy all the basic struction worker, a postal employee and a have great international interest. rights including the freedoms of speech and salesman. At the same time, he continued his Ambassador Zhu Oizhen responded on assembly but are forbidden to engage in college education at John Carroll University February 5, and I am submitting a copy of his criminal activities that would undermine where he got his bachelor's degree and at letter for the record. The Chinese Government law and order. As in any country in the Western Reserve University where he re­ is claiming that the defendants were not world, such law offenders will be dealt with ceived a doctor of juris prudence in 1951. A prodemocracy demonstrators at all but mere according to law. year later, as a young practicing attorney, he would like to point out that lawbreakers and that the trials were conducted Secondly, I law offenders in China have always been successfully ran for the Ohio State Senate, in accordance with Chinese law and inter­ dealt with in strict accordance with laws on where he served his constituents from 1952 to national standards. the basis of facts. In China, all trials of 1957. In 1957, he won his race for Cuyahoga The point the Chinese leadership seems to criminal cases are held in public, except County prosecutor where he served until his miss is that participants in the 1989 dem­ those involving state secrets, juveniles, and retirement earlier this year. onstrations should not have been charged, personal privacy. This is true with the trials It is impossible to briefly summarize the dis­ much less tried and sentenced. The of those law breakers in the 1989 incident, in­ tinguished career of John T. Corrigan. Those prodemocracy demonstrators were not under­ cluding the seven mentioned in your letter. that know him, however, can characterize him mining the law and order of the country as the To my knowledge, the courtroom has always in a few words which describe his character­ Chinese claim. They were, instead, exercising been full when such trials took place. Those words like integrity, fairness, thoroughness, internationally recognized rights of opinion and attending included family members of the discipline, organization, cooperation. His office expression. As our State Department said in defendant, university teachers and students, treated accused wrong-doers the same, re­ reaction to the trials, "We are concerned that and common people of various circles. How­ gardless of the relative fame or obscurity of these persons were apparently charged, tried, ever, due to limited seating capacity in the the individual involved. Many of the cases he courtroom, not all requests to attend court and convicted for actions which under the Uni­ hearings could be met. Moreover, foreigners prosecuted are now part of Cleveland's his­ versal Declaration of Human Rights any per­ have been declined attendance according to tory. Most of them never got more than a son should be allowed to take without fear of relevant regulations as such cases did not in­ mention in the newspaper, if that. Yet year punishment * * * No sentence of any length volve foreign nationals. after year, the business of the people went on purely political charges can be character­ Finally, I wish also to avail myself of this forward with efficiency and scrupulousness. ized as lenient." opportunity to express my sincere hope that In addition to the exemplary conduct of his Mr. Speaker, China is a very important mutual understanding between our two sides office, John T. Corrigan was also an outstand­ country. Until the tragedy at Tiananmen be further promoted so that Sino-U.S. rela­ ing citizen. He served as president or officer in Square, United States-China relations had tions, which is of great importance to both a great many organizations, including the Na­ steadily improved for more than a decade. our countries, will develop in a smooth and tional District Attorney's Association, the Ohio This policy reflected in great part a belief that heal thy way. Prosecuting Attorney's Association, the na­ a positive approach by the United States could Sincerely, tional as well as Ohio Leukemia Societies and move China in the direction of political as well ZHU QIZHEN, as an advisor and organizer for colleges and Ambassador. as economic reform. universities. We continue to value our historic friendship What says the most about this great individ­ with the Chinese people. In fact, there are ual are the last lines on his resume. There he several areas in which we appreciate the ac- lists first, his wife of more than 40 years, Vir- February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4597 ginia. Next to her name, he lists the names Dr. Hannah also led the American Council His wife, the former Sarah May Shaw, died and professions of his five daughters and his on Education in 1967 and 1968. He was a in 1990. Survivors include three sons, Robert son. They include Marleen-a nurse, Martha­ past president and executive committee chair­ W., of Kalamazoo, Thomas A., of Dallas, and a legal stenographer, Peggy-an attorney, Mi­ man of the National Association of Land Grant David K., of Glen Ellyn, lll.; a daughter, Mary Curzan of Chevy Chase; a sister, Julia chaeJ-an attorney and a judge, Mary V.-a Colleges and Universities. He was a member Vandenburg of East Lansing; and 11 grand­ physician, and Maura-a teacher, who died of Phi Beta Kappa and the Cosmos Club. He children. tragically after a long illness resulting from an was board chairman of the Detroit Bank of auto accident. The very last line in his resume Chicago from 1951 to 1960. He was a native notes that John T. Corrigan is a member of St. of Grand Rapids, Ml, and received his agricul­ INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION Mary of the Falls Parish. tural doctorate in 1923 from what is now TO CLOSE SAVINGS AND LOAN God, family, community, country-those are Michigan State University. TAX LOOPHOLES the institutions and values that John T. Dr. Hannah died on February 23 at the age Corrigan has always held dear. This Saturday, of 88 at his home in Kalamazoo, MI. His wife, HON. BARBARA B KENNEllY Bishop Anthony M. Pilla will preside at 10 a.m. the former Sarah May Shaw, died in 1990. OF CONNECTICUT mass at Our Lady of Counsel Church in On a personal note, I am grateful to have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cleveland. John T. Corrigan, his family and had the privilege of knowing Dr. Hannah for Wednesday, February 27, 1991 his many friends will pause to contemplate his many years. He was a good friend, a trusted truly distinguished career as a public servant adviser and a source of great inspiration to Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today and his accomplishments as a husband and those who knew him. He will be sorely to reintroduce legislation to close savings and father. His life has been filled with success, missed. loan tax loopholes and forestall a raid on the tempered with moments of great pain and Treasury by the bank regulators. [From the Washington Post; Feb. 26, 1991] tragedy. It has been a pleasure and an honor We are all aware of the seemingly never­ for me to be associated with John T. Corrigan J.A. HANNAH DIES; LED CIVIL RIGHTS ending cost spiral of the savings and loan bail­ and his family. I know he will enjoy his retire­ COMMISSION out. And despite the fact that Congress re­ ment, but he will also continue to contribute to John A. Hannah, 88, the first chairman of pealed the specific tax breaks that are gen­ his community and enrich all those with whom the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and erally believed to be responsible for part of the he is associated. president of Michigan State University from unprecedented taxpayer subsidies provided 1941 to 1969, died of cancer Feb. 23 at his failed savings and loans in the so-called 1988 home in Kalamazoo, Mich. deals, considerable indirect and unintended IN MEMORY OF DR. JOHN A. He was an assistant secretary of defense tax subsidies for this industry remain. The leg­ from 1953 to 1954, and led the Civil Rights islation I am introducing would close these HANNAH Commission from 1957 to 1969. After retiring as president of Michigan State, he served as loopholes. HON. BOB CARR administrator of the Agency for Inter­ The first provision involves the use of net OF MICHIGAN national Development in Washington until operating loss carrybacks [NOL's). Thrift insti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1973. He then joined the staff of the United tutions may, in general, take a deduction for Nations, where he was director of the World bad debts equal to 8 percent of their taxable Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Food Council in Rome from 1975 to 1978. income in a particular year. In the case where Mr. CARR. Mr. Speaker, it is with great sad­ Dr. Hannah, a native of Grand Rapids, a thrift institution has an NOL that is carried ness that I rise today to pay tribute to the late, Mich., was a 1923 Graduate of what became Michigan State University at East Lansing, back, thereby reducing its taxable income in a Dr. John A. Hannah, the first Chairman of the where he also received an agricultural doc­ prior year, the issue arises whether the tax­ U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and the torate. He then worked as a poultry science able income base on which the bad debt re­ president of Michigan State University from extension specialist with the school. From serve deduction for that prior year is cal­ 1941 to 1969. I would like to extend my deep­ 1935 until becoming university president in culated is also reduced. est sympathies to his three sons, Robert, 1941, he was secretary of the university's Treasury regulations in effect from 1978 to Thomas, and David; his daughter, Mary board of trustees. the present require that taxable income be re­ Curzan; his sister, Julia Vandenburg; his 11 During his years as university president, duced by NOL carrybacks for purposes of cal­ grandchildren; and other members of his be­ the institution grew from Midwest agricul­ tural school, operating in the long shadow of culating the bad debt reserve deduction of loved family and friends who survive him. the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, thrift institutions. However, The U.S. Tax Court Dr. Hannah came to Washington in 1953 as into a first-class national university. Enroll­ in Pacific First Federal Savings Bank versus Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower ment grew from 6,000 to more than 45,000 and Commissioner held that the regulations on this and Personnel. Over the next year, he worked the university and its faculty gained a rep­ point were invalid. on establishing a new military reserve program utation for work in science and education. My legislation would simply restore congres­ and directed the completion of the integration Dr. Hannah, an enthusiastic football fan, sional intent so that troubled thrift cannot reap of both uniformed and civilian personnel in the led Michigan State into the Big Ten con­ huge tax refunds. It is important to note that Defense Department. In 1954, President Ei­ ference in 1949, which also includes the Uni­ versity of Michigan. Dr. Hannah, who di­ while troubled thrifts receive huge refunds, this senhower awarded him the Medal of Freedom, rected . the racial integration of Michigan additional expenditure of tax dollars in no way the Nation's highest civilian award. State's dormitories, mandated that his team reduces the overall cost of the bailout. Rather, During his years as university president, would not play schools or on fields where mi­ these refunds are simply a windfall from the Michigan State University grew from a Mid­ nority students were discriminated against. Treasury. west agricultural school with a student enroll­ In 1953, he came to Washington as assistant The second provision would close a classic ment of 6,000 to a first-class national univer­ secretary of defense for manpower and per­ loophole by disallowing losses on tax moti­ sity enrolling over 45,000. Dr. Hannah, an en­ sonnel. Over the next year, he worked on es­ vated transactions. In 1980, the Federal Home thusiastic football fan, led Michigan State into tablishing a new military reserve program Loan Bank Board permitted thrift institutions to and directed the completion of integration of the Big Ten conference in 1949. He directed both uniformed and civilian personnel in the enter into reciprocal sales of substantially the racial integration of Michigan State's Defense Department. In 1954, President Ei­ identical mortgage loans without having to re­ dormorities and mandated that his team would senhower awarded him the Medal of Free­ duce their net worth by the difference between not play schools or on fields where minority dom, the nation's highest civilian award. the transferred loans' book value and market students were discriminated against. Dr. Hannah led the American Council on value. Many thrift institutions have entered into After retiring as president of Michigan State, Education in 1967 and 1968. He also was a past such reciprocal sales for the sole purpose of Dr. Hannah served as the administrator of the president and executive committee chairman generating tax losses. Agency for International Development in of the National Association of Land Grant Colleges and Universities. He was a member Since institutions do not report losses on Washington until 1973. He then joined the of Phi Beta Kappa and the Cosmos Club. He these transactions for regulatory purposes staff of the United Nations, where he was di­ was board chairman of the Detroit branch of and, in fact, have not altered their business rector of the World Food Council in Rome the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago from position, the sole purpose of such transactions from 1975 to 1978. 1951 to 1960. is to generate losses for tax purposes. The 4598 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 second provision of my bill would disallow Last Congress, the Subcommittee on Labor­ Access to tertiary care in rural areas is es­ these losses. Management Relations held hearings on simi­ sential to ensure the ability of rural residents But Mr. Speaker, perhaps most disturbing of lar legislation that I had sponsored. At those to receive highly specialized care. Some of all, are rumors picked up by staff that banking hearings, we heard from crewmembers, reli­ our rural facilities are neither financially able or regulators are considering the implementation gious officials, international inspectors, and adequately staffed to provide highly technical of a -similar regulation that would allow banks labor officials of conditions of employment that services for every resident. to conduct these same types of swaps. We all oftentimes can only be described as gro­ In order for States to receive grant assist­ know that the banking system needs to be tesque. We heard of workers being required to ance they must demonstrate the following: shored up and that the banking regulators are work 18 and 20 hour days for less than a dol­ First, that the geographic areas to be served lar an hour. We heard of workers being fed scrambling for cash. However, no matter how are rural in nature; second, that a current lack from food stores in which the highest caloric bad the situation may be, banking regulators of service in these areas exists; third, that the should not be making tax policy. This is ex­ value may have come from the bugs that in­ establishment or enhancement of the pro­ actly what led to the outrageous 1988 deals. fested the food. We heard of sleeping condi­ posed program will be cost-effective; fourth, To forestall this raid on the Treasury, Rep­ tions and sanitary conditions that most Ameri­ resentative Russo and I, along with a number cans would think more typical of the 13th cen­ that a duplication of services will be avoided; of our colleagues on the Ways and Means tury than the 20th century. And, we heard of and finally, States must demonstate the likeli­ Committee, are sending a letter to the Comp­ labor contractors who receive kickbacks from hood of a reduction in the morbidity and mor­ troller of the Currency, Chairman of the FDIC sailors wages that are already well below tality rates of the areas to be served by the and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve re­ subminimum and managements that abandon proposed program. minding them that the granting of tax benefits and blackball sailors in foreign ports who States would have a wide latitude in estal:r is the prerogative of the Congress, not bank speak out for humane treatment. lishing emergency air transportation services. regulators, and demanding that any regulatory These are some of the kinds of competitive For example, air ambulances could provide a activity in this area cease. practices with which U.S. flagships must com­ swift link between remote critical care facilities In addition, my bill carries a date of intro­ pete. These are the kinds of conditions with and full service hospitals in urban areas. duction effective date to ensure protection of which workers employed in American com­ It is my hope that this legislation will allevi­ the Treasury regardless of regulatory actions. merce, but without benefit of American law, ate some of the access problems rural areas Also, because this issue is also in the courts­ must contend. While truly scandalous, it is are facing under the current health care deliv­ in fact, the Supreme Court just heard oral ar­ hardly surprising, given these conditions, that ery system by providing viable options to only 3 to 4 percent of our imports and exports gument in Cottage Savings Association versus those in need. Commissioner-my bill contains a are carried by U.S. registered ships, or that 98 noninference clause with regard to prior law. percent of the American passenger ship trade Again, I want to emphasize that these loop­ is carried by ships registered outside of the holes do not reduce the cost of the bailout by United States. TRIBUTE TO 1ST LT. AMY STUART one penny. Mr. Speaker, it is time to straight­ The time is long overdue to put an end to en up this mess and I would urge my col­ these kinds of employment practices, to en­ leagues support for this legislation. sure that workers are employed with minimal HON. GERALD B. H. SOLOMON standards of decency, to guarantee workers the opportunity to better their conditions, and OF NEW YORK EXTENDING U.S. LABOR LAWS TO to ensure that U.S. flagships are entitled to a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CERTAIN FOREIGN FLAGSHIPS fair and equitable opportunity to compete. To­ ward that end, I am introducing legislation to Wednesday, February 27, 1991 HON. WilliAM (Bill) CLAY extend coverage of the National Labor Rela­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, a young Army tions Act and the Fair Labor Standards Act for OF MISSOURI nurse from my district, the 24th of New York, a 5-year period to foreign flagships operating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has gained a measure of notoriety recently, principally in the U.S. commerce. I am pleased and deservedly so. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 to be joined in this effort by a bipartisan group 1st Lt. Amy Stuart, daughter of Hugh and Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ of colleagues including senior Democrats on Doris Stuart of Germantown, was shown in a the Education and Labor Committee and sen­ ducing legislation to extend coverage of the Reuters photograph circulated throughout the ior Republicans from the Merchant Marine National Labor Relations Act and the Fair country and eventually on the front page of Labor Standards Act to foreign flagships en­ Committee. I commend this legislation to the attention of my colleagues in the House and the Albany Times-Union. gaged primarily in U.S. commerce. Normally, She was shown catching a few minutes of those doing business in our country are re­ urge you to join us in supporting it. sleep in between her duties. quired to abide by our laws. For example, a foreign employer who owns and operates a Mr. Speaker, this picture brings several RURAL MEDICAL EMERGENCIES things to mind. factory in this country is required to live up to AIR TRANSPORT ACT OF 1991 our labor laws. This legal principle, for no ap­ Amy has three brothers. Mark is a petty offi­ parent reason, stops at the water's edge. A cer in the Coast Guard Reserves. Timothy foreign flagship, doing all its business in U.S. HON. PAT ROBERTS served 6 years in the Navy. Steven is in the ports, is nevertheless free to ignore our labor OF KANSAS Navy ROTC Program at the State University laws. This ability to disregard our laws also IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Maritime College. extends to ships owned by U.S. corporations Wednesday, February 27, 1991 One of her high school teachers described that fly foreign flags of convenience, even Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to her as "a nice bright kid, and always patriotic." when such vessels do exclusive business in introduce legislation that will provide grants to And that's my point, Mr. Speaker. Amy Stu­ the commerce of this country. States for the creation or enhancement of sys­ art is typical of the bright, patriotic young This inconsistency in law undermines our al­ tems for the air transport of rural victims of women who are playing such a significant role ready meager U.S. merchant marine. U.S. medical ~mergencies. in Operation Desert Storm. vessels, meeting minimum labor standards, The Rural Medical Emergencies Air Trans­ Given a chance, these women have proven find it impossible to compete with vessels that port Act of 1991 allows States to apply that they can do the job and will continue to are subject to no enforceable labor standards through the Department of Health and Human be an important part of our all-volunteer whatsoever. The American maritime industry Services for grants that will be channeled Armed Forces. is fighting a competitive battle that cannot be through each State's public health agency. Amy Stuart's parents are proud of her, and won. This is unfair to U.S. employers, it is un­ The grants will be used for creation or en­ so am I. fair to their employees, and it is tragic for hancement of air medical transport systems many of those who crew these foreign flag­ that provide victims of medical emergencies in ships. rural areas with access to treatment. February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4599 A TRffiUTE TO HOTELIER PHILIP CONGRATULATIONS TO It is not our purpose in this legislation to re­ PISTILLI WESTINGHOUSE SCIENCE WINNER duce the independence of the Fed, or other­ wise inject congressional or outside control on HON. ALAN WHEAT HON. GEORGE J. HOCHBRUECKNER Fed policy. OF NEW YORK Five current changes would be made in the OF MISSOURI IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES structure and procedures in the Fed: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES First, the President's top economic advis­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ers-the Secretary of the Treasury, the Chair­ Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER. Mr. Speaker, I am man of the Council of Economic Advisors, and Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, today I would like honored to have this opportunity to extend my the Director of the Office of Management and to ask my colleagues in the U.S. House of heartiest congratulations to a young man, a Budget-would be required to meet three Representatives to join me in paying tribute to senior at Ward Melville High School in East times a year with the Federal Open Market Kansas City resident Philip Pistilli, president of Setauket, who was recently named a finalist in Committee. the Raphael Hotel Group and one of the Na­ the 50th annual Westinghouse Science Talent Second, the President would be allowed to tion's premier figures in the hospitality indus­ Search. appoint a new Chairman of the Federal Re­ try. Michael John Lopez, 18, of Stony Brook se­ serve near the beginning of his term rather On March 1, 1991, Mr. Pistilli's outstanding lected a project in nuclear chemistry for the than toward the end. achievements will be recognized by the Hotel science talent search. Using the chemistry fa­ Third, the Fed would be required to disclose and Motel Association of Greater Kansas City cilities at the State University of New York at immediately any changes in the targets of at a dinner in his honor. I am proud to join the Stony Brook, he tested a formula that predicts monetary policy, thus providing all investors, association in honoring the efforts of a cre­ the spin axis of a compound nucleus formed large and small, with equal and timely informa­ ative and dynamic force in the hospitality in­ by the fusing of two reactant atoms. Michael tion about monetary policy decisions. dustry who continues to contribute greatly to analyzed computer data developed from mil­ Fourth, the Comptroller General would be the growth of his own community. lions of individual atomic collisions and his re­ permitted to conduct more thorough audits of Mr. Pistilli deserves special recognition for sults indicated that when more emitted par­ Fed operations, including policy procedures his role in the conception, planning, construc­ ticles are considered, the observed particle and processes. tion and management of one of America's fin­ emission becomes more random and so the Fifth, the Fed would be required to publish est and most successful hotels, the award­ estimate is no more accurate. its budget in the budget of the U.S. Govern­ winning Alameda Plaza in Kansas City. A senior at Ward Melville High School, Mi­ ment, and thus implementing a basic principal With his development of small hotels with chael has won a number of awards in mathe­ of democracy that no governmental agency old-world atmosphere in San Francisco, Kan­ matics and science competitions and partici­ should take in and spend billions of dollars sas City, and Chicago, he laid the corner­ pate in several sports. The son of Mr. and without having its budget open to the public. stones of his Raphael Hotel Group and helped Mrs. Edward Lopez, he plans to study elec­ These modest steps will inject fresh air and usher in an industry trend. The Raphael-Kan­ trical engineering at Duke University. light into the making of monetary policy with­ sas City is one of the jewels in the crown of In addition to Michael Lopez, six other out impairing, in my judgment, the independ­ the Raphael Hotel Group. young people from my district made it to the ence of the Fed. The legislation will help facili­ Like a modern-day Midas, Mr. Pistilli has re­ ranks of semifinalists. The six are: Hannah tate the coordination of fiscal and monetary versed the fortunes of several financially trou­ Rebekah Ebin, Sungeun Lee, Maya Levy, and policy by establishing formal lines of commu­ bled hotels around the country. One of his Jennifer Susan Matthew, all of Ward Melville nication between all of the branches of Gov­ most recent projects was the revival of Kansas High School; Syeed Mansur of Centereach ernment. I urge my colleagues to support this City's downtown convention hotel, the Allis High School; and Nicole Danielle McGraime of important initiative by cosponsoring the Fed­ Plaza. Smithtown High School East. eral Reserve Reform Act of 1991. A New York City native, Mr. Pistilli found success in his adopted home of Kansas City. Following his graduation from Cornell Univer­ THE FEDERAL RESERVE REFORM PRAISE FOR 1991 LaMOTTA AWARD sity with a degree in hotel administration, Mr. ACT OF 1991 WINNERS Pistilli came to our community to work for the respected hotelier Barney Allis. Honing his HON. BYRON L. DORGAN HON. RON de LUGO skills at the Hotel Muehlebach, Mr. Pistilli went OF NORTH DAKOTA OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS on to preside over two major expansions of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the facility as vice president and general man­ ager before his appointment as president of Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Wednesday, February 27, 1991 the Alameda Plaza in 1968. Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. Speaker, Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to Highly regarded by his peers in the industry, today Mr. HAMIL TON and I are introducing the make a statement today in praise of three out­ he has served as president of the American Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1991, legisla­ standing Virgin Islanders and longstanding Hotel and Motel Association and of the four­ tion to increase the accountability of Federal friends of· mine, Helen Kelbert, Allen Richard­ State: Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, and Okla­ Reserve to the American people by shedding son and Frank Powell, who have been chosen homa Hotel Associations. His standing in his some light into the Federal Reserve's policies recipients of the St. Thomas-St. John Cham­ own community is reflected in his past roles and procedures. ber of Commerce 1991 Wilbur "Bill" LaMotta as president of the Kansas City Hotel and One half of this country's economic policy­ Community Service Awards. Motel Association and of the Convention and monetary policy-is made by the Fed. As a re­ Helen has endeared herself to her commu­ Business Bureau of Greater Kansas City. sult, the Fed has enormous power over the di­ nity through her years of dedicated work with Mr. Pistilli has been active in numerous civic rection that our economy is heading, and thus public service organizations, particularly the organizations, including Downtown, Inc., the wields enormous power over the lives of every chamber. Her quiet competence is an example Sister Cities Commission of Kansas City and American. of selfless devotion to the Virgin Islands and the Missouri Governor's Committee on Em­ This legislation is intended to generally in­ its people. ployment of the Handicapped. crease the Fed's accountability to the Amer­ Allen's artistry has been seen on numerous It is with great pleasure that I bring to the ican people by establishing more formal chan­ carnival floats and costumes as well as here attention of my colleagues the contributions nels for coordinating the making of fiscal and in the Nation's Capital by the ornaments he made by Philip Pistilli to the hospitality indus­ monetary policy. The bill makes a few rudi­ has crafted for the National Christmas Tree. try and to his community. I am pleased to join mentary changes to ensure that formal com­ He, too, has given years to public service the Hotel and Motel Association of Greater munications exist between the President and work particularly the Frenchtown Civic Organi­ Kansas City in honoring a distinguished hotel­ the Federal Reserve and to provide Congress zation. ier and wishing him many years of continued and the American people with more and better Frank not only devoted many years to the success. information on Fed operations and policies. Department of Public Works, he also served 4600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 his community as one of the founders of the HONORING LORETTA EDELSON management must contend with the legitimate St. John Celebration Committee. Since 1958 needs of its workers. he has helped to make the Fourth of July HON. EUOT L ENGEL However, this right was diluted by the Su­ celebration a success that thousands of resi­ OF NEW YORK preme Court's decision in Labor Board versus dents and visitors enjoy every year. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MacKay. The MacKay decision gave employ­ It is citizens such as these who truly em­ ers the right to hire permanent replacement body the spirit of the Virgin Islands, and are Wednesday, February 27, 1991 workers during a strike, thereby effectively cur­ richly deserving of the honor of the Bill Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, this week, the tailing the worker's freedom to strike. Clearly, LaMotta Award. family and friends of one of my constituents, the freedom to strike is dramatically reduced Loretta M. Edelson, are gathering to celebrate when the would-be striker knows he will be re­ her 90th birthday. It is with great pleasure that placed permanently. The difference between TRIBUTE TO C. RASEH NAG! I acknowledge the contributions that Loretta being fired for striking, a practice that is con­ has made to her community over the years. trary to the Wagner Act, and being perma­ As a community leader and activist, Loretta nently replaced during a strike is a trival one. HON. CHARLFS E. SCHUMER has held many important positions, including In both cases, the worker loses his job. OF NEW YORK 30 years of service as an inspector for the The Supreme Court's decision was made to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES New York City Board of Elections. She was ensure that businesses could continue their operations during strikes. Even though the Wednesday. February 27, 1991 the first president of the Union Avenue Police Athletic League in the Bronx, secretary of the Court's decision in this case was contradictory Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, today I would Free Sons of Israel in Manhattan, and more to the Wagner Act, the decision was meant to like to call attention to a highly respected edu­ recently president of the Casals Senior Citi­ achieve balance in labor-management rela­ cator in my community, C. Raseh Nagi. Since zens in Co-op City. tions as both business and labor held powerful 1963, Ms. Nagi has served as an outstanding The most rewarding of Loretta's life work, bargaining tools at the negotiation tables. Sup­ teacher, administrator, and innovator in the however, is the family she has seen grow and posedly, the incentive would be for both field of education. In recognition of her dedica­ prosper. With her late husband Saul, a World groups to reach a settlement without a labor tion and her outstanding gifts, she recently left War I veteran, Loretta raised four sons, all of strike. District 22 in Brooklyn to assume the position whom have also served their country with dis­ Unfortunately, this balance has now been of superintendent of District 28 in Queens. We tinction. She has had the pleasure of sharing altered, and the discrepancy between the are sad to see her go, for she will be sorely her experiences with 11 grandchildren and Wagner Act and the MacKay decision has missed by the students, parents, and fellow four great-grandchildren. Each person that Lo­ been exposed. The advantage in this relation­ educators of Brooklyn. retta has touched, especially within the ship has now shifted toward the interests of Raseh has been a leader throughout her ca­ Edelson family, has been enriched by her wis­ business, as it has increasingly threatened to reer as an educator. From her first days as a dom and understanding. hire permanent replacement workers during fledgling teacher at Roy H. Mann in I.S. 78, In trying times such as these, it is our fami­ strikes, thus upsetting the precarious balance she proved that creativity and dedication on lies and the values they represent that sustain that previously existed. The General Account­ the personal level can have a dramatic impact and strengthen us. That is why it is important ing Office [GAO] reports that there has been on the education of our children. to recognize and honor the efforts made by a growing trend of employers to hire replace­ Ms. Nagi has had so many outstanding Loretta Edelson, because they create for us a ment workers during the last 10 years. In fact, achievements in her long and distinguished shining example of how to serve our fellow many employers have advertised for perma­ career that there are literally too many to list. man and manifest our family values. nent replacement workers during labor nego­ Nevertheless, some of her accomplishments tiations, and have even induced strikes to dis­ are so vital to our community that I cannot band unions. This has eroded the process of pass up this opportunity to mention them. For H.R. ~STRIKING A BALANCE IN collective bargaining, causing the equal play­ instance, Raseh developed a foreign language LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS ing field in labor-management disputes to shift program which received the James E. Allen toward the business community. Distinguished Foreign Language Program HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON As a result, the freedom of workers has Award, and was instrumental in establishing OF CALIFORNIA been restricted. Those who strike face the risk the Center for Intellectually Gifted Students at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of being replaced, and workers who consider J.H.S. 240. In her administrative capacity, she organizing are faced with the threat of replace­ personally investigated and wrote proposals Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ment. This is not the guarantee of freedom which increased the number of competitive Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, today, I rise that the Wagner Act intended. grants received by the district by $10 million. in support of H.R. 5, legislation that amends H.R. 5 attempts to secure a balance in Raseh is also widely respected in our com­ the National Labor Relations Act to prohibit labor-management relations by restoring the munity and throughout the State as an innova­ employers from hiring permanent replacement full intent of the Wagner Act. This legislation tive educator of the first degree. For example, workers during strikes. not only protects the striking worker, but also she created a student-based computer data The worker's right to strike is inextricably prevents him from being discriminated against bank capable of enabling District 22 to more linked to their freedom in the workplace. The once he returns to the job. Thus, the worker closely follow the educational progress of pu­ National Labor Relations Act, or Wagner Act, is free to use his most powerful bargaining pils from prekindergarten through junior high of 1935 promoted collective bargaining as the tool, the strike, without fear of recrimination. school. Brooklyn is also extremely proud of preferred method of resolving labor-manage­ Without this legislation, employers will hire the district's Early Identification Learning Dis­ ment disputes. A key feature of the collective permanent replacement workers more fre­ abilities Program, which Ms. Nagi developed bargaining process is the worker's freedom to quently, continuing the trend reported by the and which was the first program of its kind in withhold his labor; that is, strike, when all GAO, and the worker's strike will come to sig­ the State. other means fail to achieve legitimate labor nify a futile effort, not an exercise of freedom. Ms. Nagi has been a crusader in education demands. In fact, the Wagner Act explicitly Contrary to the claims of opponents to this during her career at District 22. The many pro­ states, "Nothing in this Act shall be construed legislation, H.R. 5 does not alter 50 years of grams she developed over the years will un­ so as either to interfere with or impede in any established bargaining relations. This relation­ doubtedly have an continuing impact on Dis­ way the right to strike." ship has already . been altered by the in­ trict 22 for years to come. I would like to take A strike is never a welcomed occurrence. It creased use of permanent ·replacement work­ this time to commend her for her past accom­ disrupts not only the operations of a business, ers by employers. Also, while I agree that a plishments, to thank her on behalf of the par­ but also the life of the worker and his family. strike should not paralyze an industry, employ­ ents and children of Brooklyn, and to encour­ At times, though, strikes remain absolutely ers are not left defenseless through the enact­ age her to continue her record of outstanding necessary for labor to win fair wages, employ­ ment of this legislation. They are still free to service in the future as superintendent in Dis­ ment security, health benefits, and safe work­ employ workers in order to continue their busi­ trict 28. ing conditions. The ability to strike means ness operations. The only difference is that February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4601 formerly replacements were prohibited from 45 years dedicated to these patriotic objec­ brought to him clearly, directly and repeat­ being hired permanently. tives, and I have no doubt that the same spirit edly-not only by President Bush and Amer­ Thus, H.R. 5 is critical to restore a level and dedication to America that guided its ican diplomats, but by leaders and representa­ playing field in the area of labor-management membership in war will assure continued vi­ tives of governments from all over the world, relations. By reasserting labor's right to strike, brancy in the future. including the leaders of many Arab countries. the MacKay decision will no longer curtail the Saddam ignored all of these appeals-arro­ freedom of workers. I support this legislation gantly, foolishly, and, for his country and his and its benefits to the working men of this CREDIT CARD GRACE PERIOD ACT people, tragically. Because it had become so country. OF 1991 clear by mid-January that Saddam had no in­ tention of leaving Kuwait, and was not about HON. lAWRENCE J. SMITH to be moved by any concern about the lives IN HONOR OF THE 45TH ANNIVER­ OF FLORIDA and safety of his own people, there seemed to SARY OF VETERANS OF FOR­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES me to be no alternative but to use force EIGN WARS POST 6069, LEBANON, Wednesday, February 27, 1991 against this tyrant. That was why I voted with OH a majority of my colleagues in Congress to Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, today I HON. BOB McEWEN am introducing legislation that will bring more give President Bush the authorization to use fairness to the credit card industry. Currently, force. OF OHIO Recently, looking through some of the mail most credit card companies boast of a 25-day IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grace period in which cardholders have the that came into my office during those uncer­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 opportunity to pay their bills without penalty. tain days leading up to the beginning of Oper­ ation Desert Storm, I was reminded of how Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, for the past 7 However, by the time the monthly statement fervently the American people had hoped for a months, American troops have been serving in arrives at the cardholder's home, that grace peaceful solution to this crisis right up to the the Arabian desert to protect the American period has already begun to erode. The fact eve of the U.N. deadline for Iraqi troops to ideals of freedom and opposition to tyrannical that there is generally a delay between the leave Kuwait. But, as events subsequently dictatorship. During the air and ground combat day the company closes its billing period and proved, Americans will not settle for a peace of the past 6 weeks, our troops have per­ the day the statement is actually mailed, plus that allows an expansionist dictator to keep formed with such exceptional skill and profes­ the occasional postal delay means that the what he has stolen and to further terrorize his sionalism that none of us doubt that Saddam cardholder will inevitably have much less than neighbors. Hussein's brutal aggression will shortly be the offered 25-day grace period. Furthermore, Still, Mr. Speaker, it saddens me to think of nothing but a bad memory. the cardholder must anticipate the time it how much suffering and destruction could The brave American service men and takes for the payment to reach the credit card have been prevented if Saddam Hussein had women of Operation Desert Storm are not company. There is no telling how many late given any thought to the values of decency unique members of the American Armed charges have been imposed on otherwise re­ and compassion so eloquently stated in the Forces. In fact, they follow a long proud line sponsible credit card customers by this unfair letter from Evan Juska. of American troops that have fought to protect practice. American interests and ideals across the My bill will help remedy this situation by re­ globe. Many of the veterans of these battles quiring credit card companies to use the post­ for freedom returned home, where an associa­ mark date as the official start of the grace pe­ TRIBUTE TO BILL PLASTER tion of these special Americans was formed­ riod. This way cardholders will be provided the Veterans of Foreign Wars. with a real and substantial grace period. Mr. Speaker, when I came to serve the peo­ HON. DUNCAN HUNTER ple of Ohio in the House of Representatives, I gratefully accepted an appointment to the SIMPLE WISDOM IN LETTER OF CALIFORNIA House Veterans' Affairs Committee. I have RINGS TRUE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been equally grateful for any opportunity to meet or work with those groups who share my HON. FRANK PALLONE, JR. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 respect for the American veteran, who work OF NEW JERSEY Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, the people of hard on the veteran's behalf, and who can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Imperial County will soon be losing a very im­ make a difference for the veteran. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 portant member of their community. Bill Plas­ One such group has been Veterans of For­ ter, executive director of the Private Industry eign Wars Post 6069 of Lebanon, OH. I am Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, during the Council [PIC] for the last 7 years, is leaving early days of Operation Desert Storm, I re­ pround to announce to my colleagues in the the Imperial area of a new job in Los Angeles. House that Post 6069 will celebrate its 45th ceived a letter from one of my younger con­ During Bill's tenure, the PIC has been ex­ stituents, Evan Juska, a 1D-year-old student at anniversary on March 3, 1991. It is, indeed, an tremely successful in encouraging business honor to have an opportunity to rise and an­ the West End School in Long Branch, NJ. Al­ and tourism in the Imperial Valley. PIC's "job though the spectacular allied successes in the nounce this milestone of the Lebanon chapter coordination programs have also been of great gulf war have, in a matter of weeks, com­ of this honored organization. benefit to the community. Bill has made the pletely transformed the situation in that part of Mr. Speaker, I would like to take a moment Imperial Valley a good place for businesses to the world, the simple wisdom contained in to recite the objectives of the VFW: locate, and his accomplishments will survive Evan's letter still rings true: The objectives of this association are fra­ him. ternal, patriotic, historical, and educational; My opinion is that you try to commu­ I've had the pleasure of working with Bill on to preserve and strengthen comradeship nicate with Saddam by explaining to him a number of occasions. Our most successful among its members; to assist worthy com­ about the war's effect on the children, the future of Iraq. If he doesn't value the lives of project was bringing General Dynamics' Impe­ rades to perpetuate the memory and history rial Valley facility to Imperial last year. I'm sure of our dead; to assist their widows and or­ this generation, maybe he should consider phans; to maintain true allegiance to the the lives of the next one. that if Bill hadn't worked so hard on this Government of tbe United States, and fidel­ If the leaders of Iraq do not see this issue project, the plant would not be there today. ity to its Constitution and laws; to foster the way we do, you should do everything you Bill will be going to Los Angeles to become true patriotism; to maintain and extend the can to support our President, and get this the regional director of the National Alliance of institution of American freedom; and to pre­ war over with, because the sooner this war is Businesses. The alliance works with edu­ serve and defend the United States from all over, the more lives saved. cational groups to improve literacy in the work­ her enemies, whomsoever. While I, of course, did not have the oppor­ place. They're lucky to be getting Bill, and I'm There exists not an organization with more tunity to personally communicate to Saddam sure he'll be as successful in this endeavor as lofty ambitions, nor a fraternity more capable Hussein the folly and illegality of his continued he was in the Imperial Valley. We will miss of achieving them. I congratulate Post 6069 on occupation of Kuwait, that message was Bill, and we all wish him the best. 4602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 CHARITABLE CONTRIDUTIONS the American Farmland Trust, has spent the lies all over the country. On Saturday, March DEDUCTION FOR NONITEMIZERS last 50 years working for the heart of America, 2, Operation Oasis will be at MacDill Air Force with the people and the land which have made Base in Tampa to deliver food to families of HON. PHIUP M. CRANE this country great. He may best be character­ Florida defenders in the Middle East. OF ILLINOIS ized as a maverick of soil conservation. It is this kind of volunteer spirit and love of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES After 2 years teaching vocational agriculture our fellow countrymen and women that helps in Minnesota, Mr. Berg accepted a job in Wednesday, February 27, 1991 keep America strong. I commend the organiz­ southern Idaho with the recently formed Soil ers of Operation Oasis and the hundreds of Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, recently I intro­ Conservation Society [SCS]. In Idaho, he trav­ donors for their tremendous efforts and finan­ duced legislation, H.R. 319, to restore eled from farm to farm, developing strategies cial support. They are helping ease the strug­ andmake permanent the charitable contribu­ with each individual farmer to control soil ero­ gles of families of our servicemen and women tions deduction to taxpayers who do not item­ sion. In 1956, Mr. Berg was named the SCS's who answered their country's call to duty. ize their deductions. assistant state conservationist in South Dakota The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 al­ where he continued to show an amazing ef­ lowed nonitemizers, a group consisting of fectiveness helping farmers. Here also, he ex­ roughly two thirds of all filers, to deduct con­ hibited a knack to integrate SCS field workers' A TRIBUTE TO THE DADE COUNTY tributions to charitable organizations through interests with the organization at large, there­ PRINCIPAL OF THE YEAR 1986. Because the Tax Reform Act of 1986 in­ by assuring that ideas to improve soil strate­ AWARD PROGRAM cluded no provision to extend this deduction, gies became reality on the farms. From 1960 it subsequently expired and has not been rein­ to 1979, Mr. Berg continued effectively improv­ stated. ing the SCS, serving as its deputy and in as­ HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN I believe the 72 million taxpayers who do sociate administrator positions in Washington. OF FLORIDA not itemize their deductions should have the During this time he chaired the U.S. section of ability to deduct their charitable contributions. the Great Lakes Reference Group for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The majority of these nonitemizers are low­ International Joint Commission and served a Wednesday, February 27, 1991 and middle-income taxpayers, a group which 4-year term on the General Administration represents our Nation's most generous chari­ Board of USDA's Graduate School. As chief of Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I am table contributors. In 1982, 91 percent of the SCS from 1979 to 1982, Mr. Berg estab­ proud to recognize the annual Dade County those using the nonitemized deduction had in­ lished an international conservation division Principal of the Year Award Program. Dade comes of less than $30,000, and 99 percent within the agency and represented the United County has many outstanding principals and had incomes of less than $50,000. According States at numerous international conferences this recognition program is one more effort to to figures from a group which tracks such in­ on conservation issues. Along with his position acknowledge their contributions to excellence formation-Independent Sector-low- and as a senior advisor to the American Farmland in education. Part of a national project, this middle-income Americans give, as a percent­ Trust, Mr. Berg is a member of the governing program awards $5,000 to the winner, $2,000 age of income, 30-percent more to charity board for the Anne Arundel Conservation Dis­ to the runner-up, and $1,000 to the other five than the average American. trict in Maryland. He also serves as treasurer district finalists. All of these generous awards While donations to charity are primarily mo­ of the Natural Resources Council of America are made possible by McArthur Dairy, a cor­ tivated by altruistic concerns, it is clear that and the Washington representative to the Soil porate sponsor of the event. those who do not itemize but give to charity Conservation Society [SWCS]. The Principal of the Year Luncheon took are sensitive to tax considerations. Experience It is indeed hard to imagine an example of place on Tuesday, January 29, 1991. The win­ from the period of time when nonitemizers commitment as strong as Norman Berg's to ner, Charlene J. Houghton of Leewood Ele­ were permitted to take a charitable deduction the protection of American farmland. We thank mentary School, was announced at the Omni bears this out. In 1985, nonitemizers could de­ him. Our children, grandchildren, and perhaps International Hotel, along with runner-up, Fred­ duct 50 percent of their contributions and, ac­ many generations to come, will also thank erick Rodgers of Southridge High School. Our cording to the IRS, they gave $9.5 billion. In him. community is truly proud to honor such de­ 1986, they could deduct a full 1 00 percent of serving individuals. their contributions and they gave $13.4 bil­ My congratulations go out to these winners, OPERATION OASIS HAS BEEN BIG lion-a 40-percent increase. as well as the other five 199Q-91 district Prin­ The figures show that as the availability of HELP ON THE HOMEFRONT cipal of the Year finalists: Herbert L. Day of the deduction increases the size and fre­ DuPuis Elementary, Florence M. Linden of quency of contributions increases as well. If HON. TOM LEWIS J.F.K. Middle School, Jeanette H. Goa of you would like to see the private sector as­ OF FLORIDA Holmes Elementary, Melanie K. Revman of suming a greater role in addressing commu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nity problems in order to help reduce the bur­ Edison Park Elementary, and Dr. Edward F. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 dens placed on Government at all levels, it Gehret of the Fienberg/Fisher Adult and Com­ certainly makes sense to have a tax policy Mr. LEWIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, The im­ munity Education Center. that will encourage Americans in this direction. pact of war, even thousands of miles away, I would like to take this opportunity to ac­ I strongly recommend this legislation for can be devastating on all facets of society. knowledge the wonderful people who made consideration and support by my colleagues in None feels that impact more greatly than the this inspiring occasion a reality. Mr. Octavio the House. family unit. In recent weeks, we have seen Visiedo, superintendent of schools for Dade otherwise stable families have tremendous dif­ County has established the Dade County Pub­ ficulties making ends meet because one or lic Schools' Principal of the Year 1991 District TRIBUTE TO MR. NORMAN BERG more of their breadwinners have been trans­ Task Force including: Joseph T. Tekerman, ferred or called up for active duty in the war chairman, Peter Bucholtz, Nelson Diaz, Karen HON.C. THO~McMDlEN with Iraq. Dreyfus, Dr. Barbara Gothard, Billy Isley, Mike OF MARYLAND As a result of these absences, many fami­ McNeal, Alan Olkes, Julie Palm, Geraldine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lies of American servicemen and women are Tisdol, Raquel Viamonte, Dr. Ida Whipple, and in need of food and other simple necessities. Annette Katz and Carol Renick, ex-officios. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Operation Oasis is helping military families in The Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Mr. McMILLEN of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, I need by providing those necessities while their Education Task Force Committee members rise today to honor a man whose contributions loved ones are serving in the Persian Gulf re­ are: Clark Cook, vice-chairperson, executive to our Nation will extend for generations to gion. committee/education; Seth Gordon and Jo­ come. He is a man whose unique career has Sponsored by the Feed Children Organiza­ seph Echeverria, co-chairpersons, education helped ensure the viability of our farmlands. tion, Operation Oasis has helped gather and group committees; Jim Green and Peggy Mr. Norman Berg, currently a senior advisor to distribute tons of food to needy military fami- Hurst, co-chairpersons, recognition committee. February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4603 MOBil.J CORPORATION'S NEW Born in Crofton, NE, and trained as a phar­ tion 165. The effect of this provision will be to SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM macist, Doc Everton accepted an Army Re­ end a practice that RTC Chairman William serve commission in 1937 after serving in Seidman has referred to as "obviously double­ HON. JACK FIELDS Army ROTC at the University of Nebraska. dipping." OF TEXAS Two years later, he resigned this commission Although this legislation clarifies rather than IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in order to enlist in the Marine Corps for avia­ changes existing law, the effective date of the tion duty. bill is January 1, 1991. This should obviate Wednesday, February 27, 1991 World War II made Doc a hero. He de­ any claim on the part of the acquirers that we Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I was delighted to fended Midway Island when the Japanese at­ are retroactively changing the rules of the receive a telephone call recently from Mobil tacked on December 7, 1941. He received the game. Corp., in which I was informed of the compa­ Navy Cross for downing 10 enemy planes In addition to a January 1, 1991, effective ny's plan to donate $2 million to establish over Guadalcanal between August and Octo­ date, the legislation exempts any acquirers scholarships at 20 leading colleges and uni­ ber 1942 and the Purple Heart for combat from coverage who received in writing explicit versities for veterans of Operation Desert wounds sustained at that time. assurances from the IRS that these com­ Shield/Desert Storm or their surviving depend­ In January 1943, he was assigned as com­ pensated losses were allowable. ents. manding officer of VMF-113, the first fighter I suspect that few if any of the acquirers will Essentially, Mobil will donate $100,000 to squadron to be commissioned at El T oro Ma­ be able to meet this standard. But if they took each of the 20 institutions for the scholarships. rine Corps Air Station in Irvine, CA. Doc led all reasonable steps to provide some certainty The colleges and universities themselves will this squadron in the invasion of the Marshall regarding the tax aspects of these trans­ administer the scholarships and select the re­ Islands and was decorated with the Distin­ actions-that is, if they obtained a private let­ cipients, based on financial need and aca­ guished Flying Cross for downing three enemy ter ruling or closing agreement on point-then demic potential. The program is the brainchild planes and one probable kill during the cam­ we ought not upset their legitimate expecta­ of Mobil CEO Allen Murray, and I commend paign at Ponape, Caroline Islands. tions. him for this wonderful idea. After the war, Doc Everton continued to Finally, many acquirers have charged that Eight of the 20 universities are located in serve his country with dignity in a number of this legislation violates their contracts with the Texas: Rice University in Houston; Baylor Uni­ positions, finally ending his long and distin­ Federal Government. In this regard, I am re­ versity in Waco; Texas Christian University in guished military career in 1967 as Chief of minded of Justice Scalia's recent admonition Fort Worth; Texas Tech University in lubbock; Staff at El Toro Marine Corps Air Station. Fol­ to an attorney representing a thrift institution the University of Texas in Austin; Southern lowing his retirement from the Marines, Doc during oral argument. If you don't go to the Methodist University in Dallas; the University served as general manager of Business Avia­ IRS for a ruling, Scalia suggested, but choose of Houston in Houston; and Texas A&M Uni­ tion, Inc. of Sioux Falls, SO, which was owned instead to rely upon the Federal Home Loan versity in College Station. by his brother, Keith. Bank Board regarding some dubious tax prop­ As a graduate of Baylor University and the At a time when our Nation finds itself at war, osition, then, in the Justice's words, "You Baylor University Law School, and as a trust­ it is reassuring to know that this generation of were rolling the dice." ee of Baylor University, I am delighted that American soldiers has had the guidance of Many of the affected parties to the 1988 Baylor was included in Mobil Corp.'s scholar­ genuine American heroes like Doc Everton. deals did just that. They rolled the dice. Yet, ship program. This generous program will His dedication, self-sacrifice, bravery, and love to avoid even the perception of unfairness, allow at least some of the young men and of country serve as the very model of what our this legilsation does not affect any private con­ women who now are stationed in the Persian soldiers-indeed, all Americans-should strive tractual rights or remedies available to the par­ Gulf to complete their educations following the to emulate. Our hearts go out to the family ties involved. completion of their military service. These men and friends of Col. Doc Everton-American BACKGROUND OF THE 1988 DEALS and women, who have already given up much hero. By the end of 1988, FSLIC, the Resolution for us, will be free to advance their edu­ Trust Corporation's [RTC] predecessor organi­ cational aspirations and careers with the help zation, had concluded 96 deals involving 199 of Mobil's new scholarships. TAX SAVINGS AND THE S&L failing thrifts with assets over $110 billion. This scholarship program demonstrates BAILOUT FSLIC offered investors as much as $36 bil­ once again that Mobil Corp. is a good corpora­ lion in gruarantees and other incentives to ac­ tion neighbor. Texans who live in Houston and HON. FRANK J. GUARINI quire the failing thrifts. Estimates now are that Corpus Christi, where Mobil maintains large OF NEW JERSEY the total cost of these 1988 deals will be about exploration offices, and Beaumont, where IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES $66 billion. A House Banking Committee study claims Mobil has a large refinery facility, have known Wednesday, February 27, 1991 for years that Mobil has done much to help that for every dollar investors put into these those communities and the men and women Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ thrifts, the Government paid $78, consisting of who live in them. troducing legislation which will save the tax­ asset protection, direct assistance, and tax Mr. Speaker, again, I want to say how payer more than a considerable amount of benefits. Wealthy investors and corporate pleased I am that Mobil Corp. has undertaken money, perhaps billions of dollars. I am speculators put up relatively small sums of this effort to assist the young men and women pleased that so many of my colleagues, espe­ money to acquire thrifts with billions in assets. who are serving our country in the Persian cially those on the Committee on Ways and In one notorious case, an individual acquired Gulf. This is an outstanding example of cor­ Means, have joined with me in this effort. a thrift for just $1,000. Many of these porate volunteerism, and I salute Mobil for its SUMMARY OF LEGISLATION acquirers have since reaped enormous profits concern and generosity. Section 165 of the Internal Revenue Code from these investments. Annual rates of return ~rmits deductions only for losses that are of 30 percent or more are not uncommon. "not compensated for by insurance or other­ When Congress enacted the Financial Insti­ TRIBUTE TO COL. L.D. "DOC" wise." Despite this straightforward language, tutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement EVERTON individuals and corporations that acquired fail­ Act [FIRREA], it directed the RTC to review ing thrifts as part of the notorious 1988 year­ these 1988 FSLIC deals. On September 18, HON. C. CHRISTOPHER COX end Federal Savings and loan Insurance Cor­ 1990, the RTC submitted its report to the OF CALIFORNIA poration [FSLIC] deals are taking deductions Oversight Board and to the Congress. The re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for losses fully reimbursed by the Federal port contained several valuable suggestions Government. for saving up to $4 billion. One such sugges­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 This legislation makes explicit what should tion was based on a legal analysis performed Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise already be obvious-that any Federal financial for the RTC by the firm of Thacher Proffitt & today in honor of Col. l.D. "Doc" Everton, assistance received by these acquirers to Wood. This scholarly and extremely well done who passed away February 15 at his home in compensate them for losses incurred is to be legal analysis pointed out the need for legisla­ Santa Ana, CA. considered compensation for purposes of sec- tion clarifying the tax treatment of "losses" on 4604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 covered assets. The legislation I am introduc­ ASSET REPURCHASES AND THE NEED FOR CLARIFICATION ble. Yet, this is precisely what the acquirers of ing today seeks to do just that. The book value of the assets held by these these thrifts would like to do. thrifts is, as we have seen, greatly overstated. The "no adjustment in basis" rule can also TAX TREATMENT OF COVERED LOSSES The Government is, however, obligated to pay easily be explained. When a nonshareholder The 1988 agreements provide that the Gov­ interest to the acquirers on these assets, so­ contributes capital to a corporation, this ernment will guarantee the book value of the called yield maintenance payments. These amount is not includable in income. But the acquired thrifts' assets-"covered assets." tax-free yield maintenance payments are corporation must reduce the basis of its assets This is also known as "capital loss coverage much higher than they should be because by the amount of the contribution. As a result, protection." This protection was necessary be­ they are based on the inflated book value of the corporation's tax liability is merely de­ cause, in most cases, the book value of the the assets. ferred. The section 597 rule against basis ad­ assets acquired exceeded their fair market Many experts have recommended that the justment ensures that the exclusion from gross value. Government either buy back these assets or income is permanent and not merely a tem­ The RTC report estimates that direct capital require that they be written down to fair mar­ porary exclusion or deferral, as is generally loss payments by the Government under ket value so as to eliminate or reduce these the case with nonshareholder contributions to these 1988 assistance agreements will exceed costs. Such a move would save over $500 capital. Such an exclusion in no way author­ $11.5 billion; that is, the difference between million. There is a problem with this approach, izes a deduction for compensated or reim­ the assets' book value and fair market value however. bursed losses. is expected to be at least $11.5 billion, and If, instead of privately disposing of the Third, the acquirers cite a 1986 IRS tech­ the Government is obligated to make this up. asset, the acquirer sells it back to the Govern­ nical device memorandum which holds that re­ Incidentally, these capital loss payments, or ment for $1 00, the entire $1 00 could be con­ imbursed losses are allowable. By their terms, assistance payments as they are sometimes sidered tax-exempt assistance. Consequently, technical advice memoranda may not be cited called, are tax-free. the amount realized by the acquirer would be as precedent, nor relied upon by anyone other This Capital Loss Protection Program was zero, and the resulting loss would be $100. than those to whom they are issued. Apart bargained for, and my legislation would not Compare this to a situation in which the from the precedental value of technical advice disturb it. However, it appears that the tax acquirer sells the asset for $70 and receives memoranda, or lack thereof, this IRS ruling laws are being interpreted, incorrectly I be­ $30 in Federal financial assistance. The does not even discuss section 165 or present liev~. to provide an additional windfall to the amount realized is $70 and the loss is $30. any rationale for its holding. acquirers of these thrifts. Obviously, the loss to the Government is Finally, it bears repeating that this is not ret­ Here's how the Capital Loss Protection Pro­ much greater in the former situation. This pos­ roactive legislation. Many of the tax breaks gram works, along with the accompanying sibility would make a repurchase of assets given to these acquirers were ill-advised, but abuse: Assume an asset with a tax basis of prohibitively expensive, thus denying the Gov­ they were allowable under the law as it ex­ $1 00 is disposed of for $70 and the holder re­ ernment the opportunity to reduce these costly isted at the time. This is not the case, how­ ceives Federal financial assistance of $30. yield maintenance payments. ever, with respect to covered or compensated Even though the acquirer is made whole LEGAL ANALYSIS losses. Such losses never were allowable. through the assistance, it still claims a $30 Those who have been taking advantage of That is why what we are proposing is a clari­ loss against other income. With consolidated the double-dip have naturally argued that it fication rather than a retroactive change in the returns, these losses can be used to offset in­ was fully authorized under law, and that my law. come of the parent corporation. For example, proposed legislation seeks to retroactively CONCLUSION losses from a thrift may be used to offset change this situation. The Thacher, Proffitt & The current tax treatment of covered losses nonthrift income. These tax benefits are pure Wood legal memorandum addresses all these may explain some of the enormous profits re­ windfall; that is, they represent a recovery in legal issues in a comprehensive, objective, ported by some of the acquirers of these fail­ excess of 100 percent of the book value of the and brilliant manner, and I would be happy to ing thrifts. If Congress enacts this legislation, assets involved. send a copy of it to any Member wishing to the Government will save billions of dollars pursue this matter in more detail. that are now needlessly being given away for MORAL HAZARD The acquirers would like to make this matter no legitimate purpose. The Government will The policy of compensating acquirers for seem more complicated than it really is. Here also be able to pursue the most cost-efficient their losses while at the same time permitting are a few things to remember. strategy for managing these pre-1989 deals. them to take deductions will increase the total First, section 165 is quite clear. It is explicit. Secretary Brady has indicated that he has cost to the Government. Simply put, the less If you are compensated for a loss, you can't directed the Treasury's Office of Tax Policy to money an acquirer receives for an asset, the deduct it. Direct language like this cannot be study the issue. Treasury has the advantage bigger the tax benefits and the higher the cost overruled by implication. Federal financial as­ of the excellent study done by the RTC and to the Government. Economists refer to this sistance to the acquirers expressly serves the their attorneys, Thacher, Proffitt & Wood on phenomenon as "moral hazard." function of indemnifying against losses. These this matter. They should issue a ruling now Some acquirers have pointed out that their compensated losses simply are not allowable. that such losses are not allowable under cur­ agreements contain provisions which allow Second, the acquirers argue that because rent law. But unless and until Treasury acts, them to share in any gains if the asset sells, section 597 excludes Federal financial assist­ Congress needs to address this issue and for example, for over 50 percent of book ance from gross income-not amount real­ start taking steps to reduce the enormous ized-and does not require the institution re­ value. These gain-sharing agreements alleg­ costs of the S&L bailout. edly eliminate this perverse incentive to lose ceiving such assistance to adjust the basis of money. Not all agreements contain such gain its existing assets, compensated losses must sharing arrangements. But even if they do, be allowable. This argument is obscure, to say TAX CHANGES AFFECTING COL- how effective are they? the least, and runs counter not only to the di­ LEGE SCHOLARSHIPS/COLLEGE According to information received from one rect language of section 165, but general prin­ SPORTS acquirer with a gain-sharing arrangement that ciples of tax law. kicks in if the loss is less than 50 percent of With respect to the exclusion from gross in­ HON. PAUL B. HENRY the book value of the covered asset, an come, imagine this scenario: You decide tore­ OF MICHIGAN acquirer in the 30-percent tax bracket who turn to school for extra training at a cost of, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sells an asset with a book value of $1 00 for say, $5,000. Your employer then decides to Wednesday, February 27, 1991 $40 receives a $12 windfall. But, according to reimburse you for this expense. This tuition re­ this same acquirer, if the same $100 asset is imbursement is not includible in gross income, Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, last week I intro­ sold for $60, the taxpayer receives only a $10 thanks to section 127 of the Code. Nonethe­ duced H.R. 969. The bill has two parts: one is benefit, $2 less than if he had sold the asset less, you try to pull a fast one and decide to identical to legislation which I have introduced for $40. What kind of policy is this, which pro­ deduct the $5,000 from your income, saving in the past, to restore the tax exclusion for vides a financial reward for losing the Govern­ about $750 to $1,500 on your tax bill. If the education grants and scholarships. To help ment money? This must change. IRS caught you, you'd be in for a lot of trou- offset the cost of that change, the bill this year February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4605 also specifies that certain income related to after a most successful Army career. How­ Meritorious Service Medal, with Oak Leaf college and university sports programs shall ever, he was chosen by the Secretary of De­ Cluster; four Air Medals, Army Commendation be treated as unrelated business income and fense and the President of the United States, Medal, with Oak Leaf Cluster; and the Joint subject to the unrelated business income tax. to become Commander in Chief of the U.S. Service Achievement Medal. He has been The Tax Reform Act of 1986 changed the Southern Command in Panama. That soldier decorated by the Governments of France, tax treatment of educational grants and schol­ did retire from the Army this past Tuesday, Germany, and Venezuela. He is a master par­ arships, and limited the tax exclusion for such February 26, 1991. He is Gen. Maxwell R. achutist and holds the Army General Staff and grants and scholarships to the portion used for Thurman, whose military career spanned 37 Joint Chiefs of Staff identification badges. tuition and course-related fees, books, sup­ years. I know that the Members of this body wish plies, and equipment. Portions of such grants Gen. Maxwell R. Thurman was born in High General Thurman all the best in the days and and scholarships which are deemed to cover Point, NC, on February 18, 1931. He received years ahead. living expenses, travel, and research are sub­ his degree in chemical engineering from North ject to tax. Carolina State University at Raleigh in 1953 This change in tax policy has worked un­ and was commissioned through ROTC. Gen­ fairly against low-income students. It also has eral Thurman's military education included the CONTRIBUTIONS MADE BY HIS­ presented a contradictory Federal education ordnance basic course, the artillery basic and TORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES policy, in which the Federal Government de­ advanced courses, the Army Command and AND UNIVERSITIES termines the size of grants on the basis of General Staff College, and the Army War Col­ "need" but then subjects a portion of the grant lege. to tax. And it has effectively reduced the buy­ He has held a variety of command and staff HON. BUD CRAMER ing power of Federal, as well as State and pri­ positions both overseas and in the United OF ALABAMA vate-funded, fellowship, scholarship, and grant States. In Europe, with the 11th Airborne Divi­ programs. sion and the 24th Infantry Division, he com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The second part of my bill not only offers manded light artillery and rocket units and offsetting revenues, but also addresses an in­ served as an intelligence officer. His unit de­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 creasingly evident fact of life-major college ployed to the Middle East with other 11th Air­ Mr. CRAMER. Mr. Speaker, over the years athletic programs have little to do with the borne elements during the 1958 Lebanon cri­ the traditional black colleges and universities educational mission of the universities which sis. He served twice in Vietnam, first as a have contributed uniquely to the social devel­ sponsor them. They do not produce revenue corps intelligence adviser and later as com­ opment of African-Americans. These institu­ for the general support of the university. They mander, 2d Battalion, 35th Field Artillery dur­ tions have been the principal developers of do not increase alumni contributions to the ing the Tet offensive. In the United States, the black professional, the inspiration to black university, other than to the athletic program it­ General Thurman commanded the 82d Air­ social organizations and the chief promoter of self. They do not operate in order to provide borne Division Artillery and, from 1979 to the African-American culture. educational opportunity for the students in­ 1981, was commander, U.S. Recruiting Com­ Perhaps the greatest and most distinctive volved. Indeed, as many who have looked at mand. In Panama, from 1989 to 1990, Gen­ contribution of black colleges and universities major college athletics most closely have eral Thurman was assigned as the Com­ has been the service they provide to the com­ pointed out, the students involved would be mander in Chief, U.S. Southern Command. munity. Service that includes: Extension and better off if they were treated as employees, Other assignments have included duty as adult education programs; responsiveness to paid for their entertainment services. In effect, Hawk missile instructor, Field Artillery School the needs of the black communities, the State these programs are large scale businesses, staff officer, tactical officer/instructor at the and the Nation; making available financial aid operating under the golden dome of higher U.S. Military Academy, Deputy Assistant Com­ and admission to students who otherwise education. I propose that tax policy simply re­ mandant for Combat and Training Develop­ would have little chance of higher education; flect the reality that has become more and ment, Field Artillery School and Deputy Chief and finally teaching racial understanding so more obvious. of Staff for Resource Management, U.S. Army that students can be prepared for the racial The bill specifies that three types of revenue Training and Doctrine Command. obstacles they may face in the work force. For are unrelated business taxable income-radio In 1977, General Thurman was assigned to the most part, service is not seen by these in­ and television contract revenue, amounts con­ Washington as the Army's strategic program­ tributed through booster clubs for the exclu­ mer, the Director of Program Analysis and stitutions as a substitute for strong academic sive use of the athletic department, and in­ Evaluation. This was followed by duty as the programs; however, it is important to the un­ come from the sales of the right to buy ·so­ Army's chief recruiter as commander, U.S. derstanding of the relationship between cur­ called preferred seating at athletic events. It Army Recruiting Command, Fort Sheridan, IL. riculum and the world beyond the college does not affect the current treatment of ticket In August 1981, General Thurman was pro­ campus. sales or other forms of revenue. Nor does it moted to the rank of lieutenant general and Alabama is fortunate to be the home to a affect any other revenues and contributions re­ became the Deputy Chief of Staff for Person­ number of the historically black colleges and ceived by colleges and universities. nel, U.S. Army. He was promoted to his universities. I am proud that one of those insti­ Certainly one of the advantages of the pay present rank of general and appointed as the tutions, Alabama A&M, is located in the Fifth as you go budgeting rules under which we Vice Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army on June Congressional District, in normal. A&M is an now operate is that they can force us to look 23, 1983. He served as vice chief until June internationally recognized university with a di­ at Federal policies in terms of priorities. One 1987 when he assumed command of the U.S. verse student body. The school has received place to recognize the need to change some Army Training and Doctrine Command in Fort several research awards, both from the public priorities, it seems to me, is in the tax treat­ Monroe, VA. In September 1989, General sector and the private sector. But most impor­ ment of higher educatio~t·s time we give Thurman became Commander in Chief of the tantly, the university has caring educators that the benefits of Federal tax policy to students U.S. Southern Command. As CINC Southcom, are genuinely interested in the well-being and seeking education rather than to athletic pro­ General Thurman was responsible for all U.S. advancements of the students. Such interest grams. military activities in Latin America and for im­ and caring is the mark of a fine institution of plementing U.S. national security policy and higher learning. GEN. MAXWELL R. THURMAN strategy in the region. He was commander of Mr. Speaker, in conclusion, the progress U.S. forces during Operation "Just Cause" in made by black colleges and universities over HON. IKE SKELTON Panama. the years has not been easy; the road has General Thurman's awards include the De­ been long and rough, and its end is not yet in OF MISSOURI fense Distinguished Service Medal with Oak sight. Even so, the change in times and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Leaf Cluster; Army Distinguished Service complexity of today's problems make it nec­ Wednesday, February 27, 1991 Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster; the Legion of essary for these institutions to move faster Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, in June 1987, Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster, Bronze Star and with more precision in order to combat the an outstanding soldier was prepared to retire, Medal with V Device, with Oak Leaf Cluster; forces that plague and deny them. 4606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 H.R. 781-POSTPONE THE INCREASE NATIONAL HOSPICE MONTH sumed the moral leadership for the new world IN THE ANNUAL DEDUCTIBLE order, we should take advantage of this oppor­ FOR CHAMPUS HEALTH SERV­ HON. WIWS D. GRADISON, JR. tunity to emphasize peace and reconstruction ICES OF OHIO rather than humiliation of Saddam Hussein IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and further destruction. The urgency of a cease-fire is increased by HON. AlBERT G. BUSTAMANI'E Wednesday, February 27, 1991 reports of atrocities committed by the Iraqi oc­ Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, today, I am cupiers of Kuwait. Now that the Iraqis are OF TEXAS introducing a joint resolution to designate the withdrawing, the United Nations should be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES month of November in 1991 and 1992 as "Na­ called in as quickly as possible to assess tional Hospice Month." I am delighted that the those claims and provide whatever care is Wednesday, February 27, 1991 distinguished gentleman from California [Mr. needed by the people of Kuwait. Certainly Mr. BUSTAMANTE. Mr. Speaker, despite PANETTA] is once again joining me in sponsor­ there were war crimes, and the international the good news of our success in prosecuting ing this resolution. Similar resolutions, which I community will deal with that, but we should a ground war against Iraqi positions in the have introduced each year beginning in 1984, make our first priority assisting the suffering Persian Gulf, military families are under great received strong bipartisan support and were people. stress at this time. Under normal cir­ enacted. It certainly does not enhance our image to cumstances their access to military medical Hospice-an innovative, comprehensive, have the Soviet Union-the successors of the care is restricted and they are forced to use compassionate approach to caring for termi­ evil empire-to appear to be the proponents of peace and negotiations, while we-leaders of CHAMPU$-the Civilian Health and Medical nally ill persons as well as their families-has the free world-insist on pursuing war and de­ Program of the Uniformed Services. Since the become a respected, viable partner in the Na­ struction by insisting on impossible conditions. beginning of Operation Desert Shield/Oper­ tion's health care system. In 1986, hospice care became a permanent benefit under Medi­ One of those conditions is Iraq's payment of ation Desert Storm, medical services in mili­ care and an option under Medicaid. reparations. Iraq may eventually pay repara­ tary hospitals, both in the United States and Each year, thousands of American families tions, but how can we use that demand now overseas have been severely curtailed. In face the crisis of caring for a family member as an obstacle to peace when some analysts many military facilities, specialty care such as with a terminal illness. Hospice provides a say it will cost Iraq as much as $200 billion to orthopedics and OB/GYN are simply unavail­ unique program of support and care, allowing rebuild their own country? able. For example, as of January 16, military patients to remain in the familiar surroundings As the conquering nation, we can't stay on hospitals in Nurnberg, Frankfurt, and of their own homes or in homelike inpatient fa­ the sidelines and see women and children die Landstuhl are only providing primary clinic cilities. The delivery of services by a team of in epidemics, which may soon be starting in care. All other care must be obtained from the physicians, nurses, social workers, therapists, Kuwait and Iraq, because people are drinking German medical system through CHAMPUS. clergy, and hospice-trained volunteers con­ tainted water in both countries. Since we've Currently, the annual CHAMPUS deductible centrates on enabling patients to live as assumed the moral leadership, we have a re­ is $100 per family, $50 per individual. The meaningfully and as comfortably as possible sponsibility to work in the interest of preserv­ 1991 DOD authorization bill calls for tripling until their death. Today, there are about 1,700 ing lives first-those of our own troops, whose that deductible on April 1, to $300 per family, hospice programs across the country. lives we should not risk needlessly, and those $150 per individual. Congress' intent was to This humanitarian method of care has prov­ of our defeated enemies. save money by forcing as many people as en to be an excellent way for patients and possible into the military direct care system their families to cope with the stress and emo­ COMMEMORATING GLENN COUNTY and out of the CHAMPUS Program. Operation tion of a terminal illness. While awareness of CENTENNIAL Desert Shield/Desert Storm has necessitated and support for the hospice concept has the deployment of a substantial number of grown dramatically over the last few years, HON. WALLY HERGER there remains a need for public education re­ health care personnel. Activated reservists OF CALIFORNIA garding the benefits of hospice care. It is also cannot possibly fill all the vacated positions. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Military families in need of medical attention appropriate that we recognize the significant Wednesday, February 27, 1991 have no choice but to use CHAMPUS. Military contributions made by those involved in the families-Active, Reserve, and Guard-are provision of hospice services and in the ad­ Mr. HERGER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to facing financial hardship because of Operation vancement of the hospice philosophy. take this opportunity to congratulate the citi­ Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Many military The public education and recognition pro­ zens of Glenn County, CA, on their centennial men and women held second and third jobs. grams conducted during National Hospice in 1991. From their hard fought establishment Military family members worked job shifts at Month will continue to expand the knowledge to the centennial celebration of today, the peo­ the time when their spouse could be home to of and support for hospice care. ple of Glenn County have struggled and suc­ care for the children. With their military I am very pleased that a similar resolution is ceeded to tame the parched lands of Califor­ spouses deployed, these family members being introduced today in the Senate by Sen­ nia. were forced to give up their jobs because they ator BENTSEN of Texas. The establishment of Glenn County in 1891 could not afford child care. was the culmination of Frank Freeman's ef­ forts, which he began in his Orland Times Increasing the CHAMPUS deductible while THE NEED FOR A CEASE-FIRE IN newspaper in 1882. so many military families are having to sac­ THE PERSIAN GULF WAR The new county, which was named for rifice personally and economically comes at Orland's most famous citizen, Dr. Hugh Glenn, the worst possible tirne. Many military families HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL the wheat king of California, established Wil­ are having tough times making ends meet and lows as the county seat. when the CHAMPUS deductible is tripled, they OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the years following its establishment, the will have an even tougher time in maintaining growth and prosperity of Glenn County contin­ a home economy. H.R. 781 proposes delaying Wednesday, February 27, 1991 ued along the Sacramento River as river the increase in the CHAMPUS deductible until Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pro­ freighting was cheaper than transportation by the President declares an end to the Persian claim the need for an immediate cease-fire be­ railroad. Gulf war. tween the American-led coalition forces and Around 1903, the Central Valley Irrigation Mr. Speaker, now is not the time to triple the Iraqi Army, in order to facilitate the with­ District was established and overcame initial the CHAMPUS deductible. We must let mili- drawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait. growing pains to become the Glenn Colusa Ir­ , tary men and women and their families know Nobody, not even Saddam Hussein, can rigation District. As a matter of fact, the 1910 that Congress stands behind them. I encour­ deny that we've won the war, but we should Orland Water Users District was only the sec­ age my colleagues to join me in supporting pause and see what we've won and how ond project of the Bureau of Reclamation in H.R. 781. much it is going to cost. Since we have as- the United States, and the first in California. February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4607 These early projects helped to harness the countrymen in the Persian Gulf can con­ arms for legitimate purposes-hunting, target­ resources of the Sacramento River and pro­ centrate on the mission at hand without having shooting, collecting, or personal protection­ vide the basis for a successful economy which to worry about school payments, fees, or lost and who also engage in recreational drug use, has fostered the growth of Glenn County. The credits. will think twice before participating in their abundance of agricultural products, such as Mr. Speaker, I recognize there may be drug-related endeavors. rice, almonds, alfalfa, olives, dairy products, schools that have not been so responsible. I This bill will not affect a law-abiding citizen's and prunes produced by the county is a testa­ urge those schools to answer the call-follow right to own a firearm. It will, however, in­ ment to this success. the example offered by Washington State's in­ crease the price of drug-use for people who These early steps toward the establishment stitutions that have done so voluntarily and choose to continue this illegal and self-de­ of community and the infrastructure in Glenn without Government regulation. Act now to join structive activity. We all know that the drug County are important to remember on the the ranks of the responsible within our Na­ problem is expensive to society as a whole; celebration of their centennial. The efforts and tion's higher education community. let's try to transfer more of the costs to those sacrifices of people such as Frank Freeman, I encourage my colleagues to join me today who use and abuse controlled substances. K.E. Kelly, and Dr. Hugh Glenn to establish a in commending and thanking the vast majority new county should not be forgotten; especially of our higher education institutions, their edu­ during the year when their initial efforts have cators and administrators, for their heart­ SBIC PROGRESS ACT OF 1991 culminated in a county which has thrived and warming and noble support of our Nation's succeeded for 100 years. newest heroes. HON. JOHN J. laFALCE Again, I want to offer the citizens of Glenn OF NEW YORK County my heartfelt congratulations on their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DRUG CRIME LEGISLATION 1OOth anniversary and the best of luck on their Wednesday, February 27, 1991 next 100 years. HON. WilliAM F. GOODUNG Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, today I have in­ OF PENNSYLVANIA troduced the Small Business Investment Com­ TUITION REFUNDS AND CREDIT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pany Progress Act of 1991. FOR STUDENTS CALLED TO AC­ The Small Business Administration [SBA] TIVE MILITARY SERVICE Wednesday, February 27, 1991 participates as a financial partner with private Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, today, I am companies which provide venture capital to HON. ROD CHANDLER introducing legislation which would change small business. These private companies are OF WASHINGTON Federal law to impose stiffer penalties on peo­ small business investment companies [SBIC's] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ple convicted of lesser drug offenses involving or specialized small business investment com­ firearms. Under current Federal law, a person panies-that is, SSBIC's-which are restricted Wednesday, February 27, 1991 convicted of a felony crime involving drugs to providing venture capital to minority small Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, Americans and firearms faces increased criminal pen­ businesses. everywhere have gone out of their way to alties and is also prohibited from legally own­ Upon licensing by the Small Business Ad­ reach out to our troops in the Persian Gulf and ing a firearm. This is not the case, however, ministration, these private companies invest their families. Today, I want to compliment the for individuals convicted of less serious drug their own money in the company and then can efforts taken by my State's colleges and uni­ offenses. obtain SBA assistance, generally in the form versities on behalf of the young men and My legislation is simple: it expands current of a debenture or promissory note which the women serving in our armed services, many law to treat individuals who commit less-seri­ company issues and which is guaranteed by of whom also are students. ous drug offenses in the same manner as SBA. The amount of the guarantees which a Last November, the country's major higher people involved in other drug crimes, such as company may obtain under existing law is up education associations asked the Nation's uni­ drug-trafficking. Any person found guilty of a to four times or 400 percent of the amount of versities and colleges to develop tuition refund drug crime not currently classified as a felony, the company's private capital, but not more and credit policies for students called to active including simple possession of a controlled than $35 million per company. duty as part of the National Guard or military substance, and who possesses a firearm at These investment companies, by and large, Reserves. As these associations pointed out the time of the offense, will face jail time and/ have been very successful. Over the past 30 to their member institutions, "although Federal or mandatory fines in addition to any penalty years, they have provided venture capital to laws * * * impose obligations on employers imposed for the drug offense. For second or 97,000 small firms which were financed by and creditors with respect to employees and subsequent offenses, mandatory jail time and these companies for more than $9.4 billion. debtors in active military service, to date these fines are mandated. However, in the past few years, the program laws have not been extended to colleges and Furthermore, regardless of whether a fire­ has incurred some dramatic losses. These universities regarding students in military serv­ arm is present during the offense, the guilty losses cause us concern but, in some ways, ice." They went on to say, "we believe * * * party will also be prohibited from owning a are not surprising, given the status of our tuition refunds or credits-for these students­ firearm in the future, if they are convicted after economy which has resulted in a number of are appropriate.* * *" enactment of the law. Exceptions to this rule good firms, not just some SBIC's, going broke. The positive response has been overwhelm­ can be made, however, depending upon the Last year the Small Business Committee ing. circumstances surrounding each individual's held hearings on the SBIC Program, and, at In my own State of Washington, both private case. Present law states that a person con­ my direction, the committee's staff has been and public institutions answered the call. victed of a drug crime can petition to the Sec­ reviewing the program. it is my belief that the Schools have not only offered tuition refunds retary of the Treasury for an exemption to the SBIC Program continues to be worthwhile, but and granted credits, but additional refunds firearms prohibition if they can prove that the should be substantially reformed with two fun­ have been made for parking, books, and circumstances regarding the conviction, and damental goals in mind: First, on the basis of housing expenses. Washington State Univer­ the applicant's record and reputation, are such safety and soundness, we need to reduce the sity, the University of Washington, Western, that the applicant will not be likely to act in a risk to the Government of providing guaran­ Central and Eastern Washington Universities, manner dangerous to public safety and that tees of SBIC debentures; and Second, pro­ and the Evergreen State College all have ex­ the granting of the relief would not be contrary vided that safety and soundness goals are emplary policies in place. My State's private to the public interest. fully met, successful companies should be and community colleges also have responded The effectiveness of current tactics being permitted not only to continue to operate but favorably in extending every consideration to employed in the war on drugs is the subject of to grow. students called to active duty. heated debate. In my view, the time has come We have found that those companies which I wholeheartedly applaud these schools­ for serious efforts to convince people who use have very minimal amounts of private capital and the thousands like them across our Na­ drugs that the cost of engaging in this activity tend to be less profitable and hence are more tion-for seeing to it that students who have outweighs any benefits. If my bill becomes risky than those companies with larger been called out of class to join their fellow law, individuals who use drugs and own fire- amounts of private capital. Thus my legislation 4608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 requires all companies to increase the amount courage their full development. Again we are LEVERAGE FORMULA of their private investment. SBIC's would be exploring ways to encourage these compa­ Section 5 adds new subsections to section required to have private capital of $2.5 million nies, which now invest solely in companies 303 of the Small Business Investment Act of whereas specialized SBIC's would be required owned or controlled by socially or economi­ 1958. to have private capital of $1.5 million. cally disadvantaged individuals, to broaden Subsection (g) provides that the maximum Although I am convinced that this increase amount of leverage (i.e., debentures and se­ their investment perspective. curities) provided by the Administration to is justified and that existing companies should It is my hope to refine both of these propos­ any investment company which may be out­ be required to increase their capital, there are als and either to introduce them as separate standing shall be based upon the amount of some companies which, although small, are measures in the very near future or to offer such company's private capital- nonetheless profitable and thus not as risky them as amendments to the bill I introduced (1) if the company has private capital of for Government investments. Recognizing that today. Either way, I hope that the Small Busi­ not more than $5,000,000, leverage may not it is very difficult to raise additional capital at ness Committee will consider all of these mat­ exceed 300 percent of private capital; this time, I believe we should permit small but ters this spring. (2) if the company has private capital of profitable companies to continue, even if they For the information of my colleagues, a more than $5,000,000 but not more than are unable to increase their private invest­ $10,000,000, leverage may not exceed copy of the sectional analysis follows: $15,000,000 plus up to 200 percent of the ments to the new threshold. Accordingly, my SECTIONAL ANALYSIS amount over $5,000,000; bill makes an exception and provides them CITATION (3) if the company has private capital of with a limited amount of additional Federal more than $10,000,000 but not more than guarantees provided that they have been prof­ Provides that this Act may be cited as the $15,000,000, leverage may not exceed itable historically. If they have not been profit­ "Small Business Investment Company $25,000,000 plus up to 100 percent of the Progress Act of 1991." amount over $10,000,000; able, however, I do not believe we should pro­ Section 2 finds and declares that it is the vide them new guarantees. (4) if the company has private capital of purpose of this Act to Promote the Restora­ more than $15,000,000 but not more than Another provision which addresses the level tion of Opportunities for Growth and Re­ of risk incurred by the Federal Government is $20,000,000, leverage may not exceed building of Equity with Safety and Sound- · $30,000,000 plus up to 300 percent of the the ratio of Federal guarantees to the amount ness (PROGRESS) through the small busi­ amount over $15,000,000; of the private investment in the company; that ness investment company program. (5) if the company has private capital of is, the amount of leverage which a company MINIMUM PRIVATE CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS more than $20,000,000 but not more than may receive. I believe that the current law pro­ Section 3 amends section 302 of the Small $25,000,000, leverage may not exceed vides too much exposure, and thus the bill Business Investment Act of 1958 by renum­ $45,000,000 plus up to 200 percent of the eliminates entirely the ability of any SBIC to bering existing subsections (b) and (c) as sub­ amount over $20,000,000; and receive leverage of four times its capital base. sections (d) and (e), and by inserting new (6) if the company has private capital of On the average, the bill will limit a company to subsections: more than $25,000,000, leverage may not ex­ New subsection (a) requires that the pri­ ceed $55,000,000 plus up to 100 percent of the two times its capital base. amount over $25,000,000. Because I believe these changes will im­ vate capital of a regular small business in­ vestment company of SBIC be not less than Subsection (h) provides that for the pur­ prove the safety and soundness of the SBIC $2,500,000 and that the private capital of a poses of this section, companies under com­ industry, I see no reason to continue the maxi­ minority enterprise small business invest­ mon control or common ownership shall be mum amount of leverage at $35 million per ment company of MESBIC (i.e., Specialized deemed to be one company, and for purposes company. This level has remained unchanged SBIC) be not less than $1,500,000. of this section "leverage" shall include de­ for 15 years and should be increased, particu­ It requires existing licensees to make peri­ bentures purchased or guaranteed by the Ad­ larly in light of the current credit crunch. Thus, odic increases in the amount of private cap­ ministration or securities purchased by it. ital until it reaches the new levels on the fol­ Section 6 provides that on and after the ef­ I propose to increase this maximum to $60 fective date of this Act, leverage shall be million. lowing schedule: (1) 25% of the increase shall be due by Jan­ made available only under the ratios pro­ Although there a number of other items ad­ uary 1, 1993; vided in subsection (g) and not under the old dressed by my legislation beyond issues of (2) 25% of the increase shall be due by Jan­ formulas elsewhere specified. safety, soundness, and growth, at this time I uary 1, 1994; SUBORDINATION simply direct interested parties to the sectional (3) 25% of the increase shall be due by Jan­ Section 7 amends section 303 of the Small analysis, and I would like to take this oppor­ uary 1, 1995; and Business Investment Act of 1958 by providing tunity to address two issues not covered in the (4) 25% of the increase shall be due by Jan­ that debentures purchased or guaranteed by bill. uary 1, 1996. SBA shall be subordinate to other debenture First is the problem of an SBIC servicing or Until the increases are made, a licensee bonds, promissory notes, or other borrowings cannot obtain new financial assistance from paying interest on its debt. We provide deben­ of any licensee in amounts not to exceed the SBA. amount of the private capital of such li­ ture guarantees to investment companies so Subsection (b) provides that notwithstand­ censee or $5,000,000, whichever amount is that they may obtain capital with which to ing the foregoing minimal private capital less, unless the Administration determines make investments in small firms. These standards an existing company may apply to permit the subordination of larger SBIC's, however, must pay interest each year for debenture guarantees or preferred stock amounts for any licensee. on their debentures, but if they make equity in­ purchases in an amount equal to 100 percent DEFINITION OF SMALL BUSINESS CONCERN of its private capital if it has been profitable vestments in small firms, their investments will Section 8 amends section 103 of the Small not provide any return nor will there be any for three of the last four years. Subsection (c) provide's that also notwith­ Business Investment Act of 1958 by defining cash flow for a number of years. Thus it is ex­ a small business for the purpose of the Act as standing the foregoing min~mal private cap­ tremely difficult under the current system for ital standards, an existing company with an one which is independently owned and oper­ SBIC's to invest in pure equity; instead our outstanding debenture may repay it by ob­ ated and which is not dominant in its field of current law encourages them to provide debt taining a new debenture of up to 10 years' operation. It authorizes SBA to provide a de­ to small businesses in order to obtain interest maturity. tailed definition based upon either the num­ ber of employees or dollar volume of busi­ income so that they, in turn, can service their LEVERAGE AMOUNT ness, but unless the Administration so spe­ debt. Section 4 amends section 303 of the Small cifically provides a different standard, estab­ We are attempting to address this situation Business Investment Act of 1958 by providing lishes the following standards: by developing a proposal under which the that the maximum amount of debentures (1) for agricultural enterprises: annual SBIC would not have to pay interest for the guaranteed and outstanding by any one SBIC sales of $500,000 or less; first few years of the debenture. Then when its or multiple SBICs which are commonly con­ (2) for enterprises engaged in mining: 500 or investments begin providing money to the trolled shall not exceed $60,000,000. fewer employees: SBIC, it would essentially pick up the interest It also amends subsection (c) to provide (3) for enterprises engaged in construction: that the maximum amount of debentures or annual sales of $17,000,000 or less; for prior years. In other words, this would be securities which are outstanding from one (4) for enterprises engaged in manufactur­ a modified zero coupon bond. MESBIC or multiple MESBICs or a combina­ ing: 500 or fewer employees; The second area involves the specialized tion of MESBICs and SBICs which are com­ (5) for enterprises engaged in wholesaling: SBIC's and incentives we can provide to en- monly controlled shall not exceed $60,000,000. 100 or fewer employees; February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4609 (6) for enterprises engaged in retailing: an­ or 60 percent of the new financings made in employee. This inequity encourages employ­ nual sales of $3,500,000 or less; 1994, whichever is less; ees to use their own automobiles to commute (7) for enterprises engaged in providing (D) in 1995, not to exceed the percentage of to work each day, and actively discourages services: annual sales of $3,500,000 or less; or change of ownership of financings made in that employee from using established public (8) for enterprises engaged in another in­ 1994 or 55 percent of the new financings made dustry: annual receipts of $3,500,000 or less, in 1995, whichever is less; and transit systems. or employees or annual receipts as specifi­ (E) in 1996, an amount not to exceed the Promoting the use of established public cally determined by the Administration. percentage of change of ownership financings transit systems will help our communities com­ It also provides that, solely for purposes of made in 1995 or 50 percent of new financings ply with the newly enacted provisions of the the Small Business Investment Act, at the made in 1996, whichever is less. Clean Air Act. In city after city, auto emissions option of the licensee or the development It also provides that a company shall not are the single greatest pollutant in the air. company providing the financing a concern be deemed to have violated the percentum The legislation I am introducing today will in­ shall be small if it, together with its affili­ restrictions in this subsection if it has not crease the monthly allowance from $15 to ates, does not have net worth in excess of exceeded the percentums for three of the last $9,000,000, does not have average net income four years, and on the average for all of such $60, and eliminate the so-called "cliff" provi­ after federal income taxes (excluding any last four years, except that the Administra­ sion in the law, so that, if enacted, an em­ carry-over losses) for the preceding two com­ tion may disregard an amount of change of ployee would be taxed only on the amount in pleted fiscal years in excess of $3,000,000, and ownership financings in excess of the maxi­ excess of $60 per month. In addition, the leg­ has gross assets of not to exceed $50,000,000. mum permitted in any year prior to January islation would reinstate the provision which PENSION FUND ELIGIBILITY 1, 1997, for any company licensed as of De­ made qualified employer-provided van pooling cember 31, 1991, and for new licensees until arrangements an allowable fringe benefit. Section 9 amends section 103 of the Small they have operated for four years, if it deter­ Business Investment Act of 1958 by defining mines that such company did not willfully Lastly, the bill would allow an employer to pro­ the term "private capital" as private paid-in vide a parking benefit at a transit or a park-n­ capital and paid-in surplus, which may in­ exceed the limitations. It also requires each small business invest­ ride facility. clude public or private pension funds unless ment company to report to the Administra­ By promoting use of public transit systems the investment of such funds in small busi­ and van pooling arrangements, we can greatly ness investment companies is prohibited tion annually on the amount of such under applicable state or Federal statute or financings it has made during the year and lessen the burden on our transportation infra­ by an appropriate State or Federal regu­ the amount outstanding, classifying such fi­ structure, which is facing increasing pressure nancings into start-up financings, expansion and dwindling Federal resources. Gridlock, latory agency with responsibility for pension financings or change of ownership funds. financings. which was once only associated with our larg­ USE OF DEBENTURE PROCEEDS est urban centers, is now rapidly becoming a MESBIC ASSISTANCE reality for too many American communities. Section 10 amends section 306 of the Small Section 11 amends section 303(d) of the Business Investment Act of 1958 by renum­ Small Business Investment Act of 1958 by au­ bering subsections (a) and (c) as subsections thorizing interest rate reductions on PROTECTING MILITARY RETIREES' (c) and (d), and by inserting new subsections. MESBIC debentures whose proceeds are used New subsection (a) provides that to repay amounts due under maturing deben­ CHAMPUS BENEFITS financings (of small businesses by SBICs) tures. shall be for the purpose of providing funds to assist in the formation and establishment of QUALIFICATIONS OF SBIC DIRECTORS HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II new small business concerns, the expansion Section 12 amends section 301 of the Small OF WEST VIRGINIA of small business concerns, or to assist in the Business Investment Act of 1958 by specify­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES change of ownership of businesses but only if ing that the qualifications of any member of Wednesday, February 27, 1991 the change- the company's board of directors or the (1) assists in the creation of a small busi­ qualifications of a limited partner shall be Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, next year the ness concern as a result of a corporate dives­ those prescribed by the laws of the state Federal Government will reduce health insur­ titure; where its articles are filed, except the Ad­ ance coverage for thousands of Americans. (2) preserves the existence of a financially ministration may disqualify any individual On a regular basis we all hear horror stories troubled or bankrupt small business concern; who has been convicted of a criminal offense of people who can no longer afford health in­ (3) supports the establishment or expan­ or based on moral turpitude. surance. Senior citizens go without health sion of a small business concern through the PERIODIC DEBENTURE SALES services because Medicare payments are in­ acquisition of assets; Section 13 amends section 322 of the Small (4) fosters the continuation of a small busi­ sufficient to cover costs. And private insurance Business Investment Act of 1958 requiring companies are dropping beneficiaries after ness concern through family succession; sales of SBIC debentures every three months. (5) promotes the continued sound develop­ they begin to draw benefits. ment of a small business concern by new Today Representative CHARLES BENNETI management or by substantially expanding THE PUBLIC TRANSIT AND VAN and I have introduced a bill that will guarantee existing management's ownership of the con­ POOLING RIDERSHIP EQUITY ACT coverage under the Civilian Health and Medi­ cern; or cal Program of the Uniformed Services to indi­ (6) facilitates ownership in a small busi­ viduals that face a loss of coverage due to ness concern by persons who are socially or HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI economically disadvantaged. OF CALIFORNIA disability or age. Under current law a New subsection (b) provides that the aggre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CHAMPUS beneficiary loses his or her cov­ gate amount of financings of changes in own­ erage once they become Medicare eligible. ership made by a company in any year after Wednesday, February 27, 1991 This conversion to Medicare represents a sig­ December 31, 1991, shall not exceed (1) an Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to intro­ nificant reduction in benefits at a time when an amount equal to the sum of the private cap­ duce the Public Transit and Van Pooling Rid­ individual is in need of a higher level of cov­ ital of such company plus private borrowings ership Equity Act, legislation designed to pro­ erage. or (2) an amount equal to 50 percent of the mote energy conservation and restore equity These CHAMPUS beneficiaries are military dollar amount of the new financings made by such company. If, however, the company was to this Nation's tax system. retirees and their spouses, that already have in existence on or before December 31, 1991, Under current law, if an employer provides sacrificed much on behalf of the United it may exceed the 50% limit during a phase­ their employees a fringe benefit such as a re­ States. They deserve to be able to continue in period: duced-cost pass for the local public transit living under the same level of health insurance (A) in 1992, not to exceed the percentage of system which is valued at more than $15 per that they have come to rely on throughout the change of ownership financings made during month, then the entire amount of that benefit years. To deny an individual adequate medical 1991; is considered as taxable income to the em­ care because he or she has become old or (B) in 1993, not to exceed the percentage of disabled is immoral. change of,ownership financings made in 1992 ployee. However, if an employer offers that or 65 percent of the new financings made in same employee a parking space as a fringe Our bill would turn CHAMPUS into a sec­ 1993, whichever is less; benefit, no matter what the fair market value ondary payer once an individual begins to (C) in 1994, not to exceed the percentage of of that parking space may be, not one penny draw Medicare benefits. Medicare would pay change of ownership financings made in 1993 of it is considered as taxable income to that that part of the medical costs that it currently 4610 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 covers and CHAMPUS would make up the dif­ met King Leopold II of Belgium who per­ Regardless of our views about the current ference in benefit levels. In essence acting as suaded him to help develop the Congo Free crisis in the Middle East, we all recognize the a sort of Medigap policy to make up for the State in Africa. When Williams visited the enormous · cost of this effect both by the Unit­ difference in benefit levels between Congo and discovered the slave-like treatment ed States and our allies. Within the next week, CHAMPUS and Medicare. of its inhabitants by the King's men, Williams U.S. taxpayers will be called upon to pay bil­ They have protected our lives. I think it is wrote an open letter to the King about condi­ lions of dollars for the war effort and probably only fair that we insure theirs. tions in the Congo. His letter, denouncing the billions more for postwar reconstruction, in­ King's rule in Africa, touched a nerve in the cluding military and economic aid to the re­ United States, France, and England and led to gion. GEORGE WASHINGTON WILLIAMS; an international campaign to end cruel condi­ In recent days, we have heard much about FIGHTING FOR FREEDOM tions in the Belgian colonies. the renewed commitment of our allies to share Williams eventually would work to improve the cost of paying for the war with U.S. tax­ HON. 1HOMAS J. BULEY, JR. conditions in the Portuguese and British colo­ payers, who are carrying the greatest financial OF VIRGINIA nies. When he died in 1891, Williams was at burden. I remain concerned that we have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work on a followup report on developments in heard more of pledges than we have seen of Wednesday, February 27, 1991 the Congo. commitment. We must sustain the pressure on George Washington William , who as a our allies and especially other states in the re­ Mr. BULEY. Mr. Speaker, every generation teenager joined the Union Army to fight for gion to provide essential military and financial or so, there comes an individual who truly de­ freedom in America, would die at age 42 fight­ support for this effort. serves the designation of renaissance man, ing for freedom in Africa. There is another rarely mentioned party to self-made, self educated, master of many en­ Through his valor in the military, his schol­ the conflict that must accept its financial bur­ deavors, an example to all. Mr. Speaker, I rise arly endeavors and his fight for freedom, den as well: the postwar Government of Iraq. to share with this House during this Black His­ George Washington Williams made a tremen­ Typically, a Government that has been de­ tory Month observance, the incredible and in­ dous contribution to the United States and the feated in war has few resources, and those spiring story of one such man, George Wash­ world. that remain must be used to reconstruct a ington Williams: soldier, lawyer, historian, and shattered economy and a destroyed society. I man of principle. do not seek to deny the Iraqi people an appro­ After the Civil War, many learned black men MILWAUKEE AIDS PROJECTS priate amount of their national wealth to re­ were dissatisfied with the way in which histo­ store their nation after Saddam Hussein has rians omitted accounts of the contributions and HON. GERALD D. KLECZKA been defeated. struggles of African-Americans in our Nation's OF WISCONSIN But let us also note that after the war ends, history. George Washington Williams decided Iraq will continue to possess 100 billion barrels to do something about this, so he undertook IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, February 27, 1991 of oil that are worth hundreds of billions of dol­ the role of historian himself. lars. Much of that oil wealth has been used to In 1882, Williams published the first com­ Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, I am honored purchase weapons in recent years-a purpose prehensive historical study by a black author to acknowledge that, last week, President that certainly will not exist after the termination to receive scholarly approbation. This work Bush named the volunteers of the Milwaukee of the war. was the two-volume "History of the Negro AIDS project [MAP] as the 383d "Daily Point My resolution calls upon President Bush to Race in America." It was a tremendous suc­ of Light." require that postwar settlements assure that cess. In 1887, 5 years later, Williams again This honor is awarded to individuals, such portion of Iraq's oil wealth will be devoted to published a widely praised book, History of as MAP volunteers, who effectively address three significant costs of its aggression: Negro Troops in the "War of Rebellion." our Nation's most pressing social problems To indemnify the United States, and other Interestingly, George Washington Williams through community action. allies, for the costs of the war to the maximum began his career in the military. At the tender Since the establishment of MAP in 1985, extent feasible; age of 14, he lied about his age and joined concerned members of the Milwaukee com­ To indemnify noncombatant nations and in­ the Union Army's Sixth Massachusetts Regi­ munity have offered emotional support and dividuals who have been injured or who have ment. Williams' true age was eventually dis­ practical assistance to AIDS patients. Through suffered losses; and covered, and the Army made him leave the their actions, these volunteers help ease the To pay for the long-term cleanup of the Ara­ service. But Williams would later reenlist, burdens on individuals suffering from AIDS. bian Gulf caused by the deliberate oil spill. eventually becoming a sergeant major on the They illustrate that kindness, not fear, is the I cannot justify asking my constituents to staff of General N.P. Jackson. Fighting in sev­ best way to address the devastating con­ raise taxes, or incur greater debt, or to defer eral Civil War battles, Williams was wounded sequences of AIDS. critical policies here at home to address in a skirmish near Fort Harrison, VA in 1864 In addition, these devoted volunteers pro­ homelessness, or inadequate health care, or and discharged a year later. vide community awareness education about education while the new rulers of Iraq sit on After the Civil War, Williams still wanted to AIDS and related topics. Such education is the 100 billion barrels of oil. Iraq, like other ag­ be a soldier. Thus, he joined the Mexican most useful method of fighting the spread of gressors, must know that it has a burden to Army. A year later, Williams joined the U.S. this frightening disease. pay for the costs of its aggression, and my 1Oth Cavalry, a Buffalo soldier unit defending I would like to congratulate the volunteers of legislation will assure that they are fully held the western frontier. MAP. Their efforts should serve as an exam­ accountable. While taking part in a campaign against the ple to all Americans that education and corn­ Comanches, Williams was again wounded and passion are the most effective ways to meet received a medical discharge. the challenge of AIDS. THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA Williams studied theology in Massachusetts and became an ordained minister, pastoring a HON. AUSTIN J. MURPHY church in Boston. He later moved to Washing­ IRAQ MUST PAY FOR ITS OF PENNSYLVANIA ton, DC and founded a newspaper. In 1876, AGGRESSION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Williams moved to Cincinnati, resumed his ministry, but began to study law. After being HON. GEORGE MillER Wednesday, February 27, 1991 admitted to the Ohio bar, Williams successfully OF CALIFORNIA Mr. MURPHY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to sought election to the Ohio Legislature. It was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES call to the attention of my colleagues the trou­ while serving in the Ohio Legislature that Wil­ blesome events happening now in Yugoslavia. liams began work on his two acclaimed books. Wednesday, February 27, 1991 After a prudent compromise reached by the Through his literary successes, Williams Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I am Yugoslav authorities and Dr. Franjo Tudjman, emerged as a popular lecturer throughout the today introducing the Iraqi Post-War Account­ President of the Republic of Croatia, to diffuse wor1d. On one of his trips to Europe, Williams ability and Liability Act of 1991. tension and avert the possibility of a civil war, February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4611 it seems that this agreement has not been From 1980 to 1991 , Ms. Donovan was on any cancellations or changes in the completely adhered to by officials at the high­ the staff of the Committee on House Adminis­ meetings as they occur. est levels of the Yugoslav Army. tration, House Information Systems. During As an additional procedure along Reports are that reactionary elements of the her service, she produced the "Federal Reg­ with the computerization of this infor­ Yugoslav Army are arresting Croatian citizens, ister Update Newsletter" and "Block Grant Re­ mation, the Office of the Senate Daily including members of the Croatian Democratic port" for distribution to Congressional offices, Digest will prepare this information for Union, the party which received an over­ useful reports that allowed Members of Con­ printing in the Extensions of Remarks whelming mandate from the people of Croatia gress to locate Federal assistance programs section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD in the first freely-held democratic elections. and funds available for their constituents. She on Monday and Wednesday of each This is an indication that violations of the was instrumental in directing the collection and week. agreement may be occurring. provision of detailed information on Federal fi­ Meetings scheduled for Thursday, We should be particularly concerned about nancial assistance gathered from the officials February 28, 1991, may be found in the the suspicious death of Zvonimir Ostoyic, a who managed these programs. Ms. Donovan Daily Digest of today's RECORD. also provided assistance in records manage­ distinguished member of the Croatian Demo­ MEETINGS SCHEDULED cratic Union from the city of Borovo in the ment consulting by advising Member and com­ mittee offices on micrographics technology Province of Slavonia. MARCHI I, as well as thousands of my constituents and file management. She authored the "Records Management Reference Manual" 9:30a.m. whose roots go back to Croatia, am deeply Joint Economic concerned that these conservative elements in enabling staff to complete inhouse processing To hold hearings to review the Presi­ the Yugoslav Army may move against the of their records. In addition, Ms. Donovan dent's proposals to improve Federal democratic government of Croatia, while the helped develop and promote seminars for economic statistics. United States and the rest of the world are H.I.S. staff in "Caring for the Elderly" and SIH>28 preoccupied in the Persian Gulf. "Stress Management." Ms. Donovan, herself 10:00 a.m. hearing-impaired, retained a keen interest in Foreign Relations President Tudjrnan, who is a personal To hold hearings on the nomination of friend, has told me that the situation is critical. activities for congressional handicapped em­ ployees and, during the 1988 Presidential In­ Jon David Glassman, of the District of He has urged all of the citizens of Croatia to Columbia, to be Ambassador to theRe­ be calm and vigilant but, if need be, to be augural, assisted in providing sign language public of Paraguay. ready to defend the freedom, sovereignty and interpretation for the hearing-impaired audi­ SD-419 democracy of Croatia. ence. It would indeed be a tragic and serious set­ Ms. Donovan was widely known throughout MARCH4 back in Yugoslavia's quest for freedom, the Vietnam veteran community in the United 9:00a.m. human rights and self-determination, if the States. She spent many, many hours at the Appropriations people of Croatia, a democratic republic with Vietnam Veterans Memorial as a U.S. Part Defense Subcommittee strong pro American orientation, were to be Service volunteer assisting veterans and visi­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ tors to the memorial. She traveled to every timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ overtaken by these reactionary forces. partment of Defense. According to recent reports in the Washing­ corner of the United States with the "Moving Wall" memorial, a scale replica of the memo­ SD-192 ton Post, the Yugoslav Army had become an 10:00 a.m. enforcer of the Republic of Serbia "' "' "' where rial in Washington, providing information and Finance the leadership is committed to a strong, Com­ assistance. Understanding the significance of Social Security and Family Policy Sub­ munist-style centralism. the Vietnam Veterans Memorial to the veter­ committee I urge my colleagues to express unequivo­ ans, Ms. Donovan founded the "Friends of the To hold hearings to examine child pov­ cally our deepest concern over the Vietnam Veterans Memorial." The members of erty and welfare dependency, focusing the Friends provide information about the me­ on measurement of increases and de- unwelcomed presence of these oppressive creases. forces which seek to terminate the democratic morial and name rubbings of the individuals listed. On Veterans Day, 1990, she was hon­ SD-215 processes underway in Croatia, Slovenia and 2:00p.m. Hercegovina. ored for her service to Vietnam veterans and Appropriations Today, under the leadership of the United their families at the commemorative services Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ States, the free world is sharing the burden to at the memorial. Ms. Donovan is the author of committee establish a new world order for a peaceful the book "Everything You Wanted To Know To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ international community based on the shared About the Vietnam Veterans Memorial" and, at timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ the time of her illness, was working on a book partment of Agriculture, focusing on values of peace with justice and human dig­ the Agricultural Research Service, the nity. A small but significant part of that burden about the hundreds of Vietnam war memorials in the United States. In her final days, Ms. Cooperative State Research Service, is carried by the people of Croatia in their and the Extension Service. struggle to defend freedom and democracy. Donovan continued to show interest in the ac­ SD-138 We must not forget the people of Croatia. Let tivities and welfare of the service men and us help keep the torch of freedom burning women in the Persian Gulf. MARCH5 bright in Croatia and hopefully the rest of Ms. Donovan is survived by her mother and 9:00a.m. Yugoslavia. father, Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Donovan, of Appropriations Dayton, OH and her brother, Timothy K. Defense Subcommittee Donovan, of Aspen, CO. To hold closed hearings to review global A TRIBUTE TO MARGARET ANN defense programs .. DONOVAN, CONGRESSIONAL SD-116 SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS 9:15a.m. STAFFER Judiciary Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, Antitrust, Monopolies and HON. CHARLF.S ROSE agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Business Rights Subcommittee OF NORTH CAROLINA 1977, calls for establishment of a sys­ To hold hearings to examine restrictive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tem for a computerized schedule of all marketing of Clozaril, a prescriptive meetings and hearings of Senate com­ drug for schizophrenia, focusing on Wednesday, February 27,1991 mittees, subcommittees, joint commit­ safety and access. Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, I am sad to report tees, and committees of conference. SD-226 the death of a congressioanl staff member, This title requires all such committees 9:30a.m. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Margaret Ann Donovan. Ms. Donovan died on to notify the Office of the Senate Daily To hold hearings on the nomination of February 24, 1991, at the Washington Horne Digest-designated by the Rules Com­ Edward R. Madigan, of lllinois, to be Hospice, after a courageous struggle against mittee-of the time, place, and purpose Secretary of Agriculture. cancer. of the meetings, when scheduled, and SRr-332 4612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 Energy and Natural Resources partment of Defense, focusing on Army 1992 for the Environmental Protection To hold hearings on S. 341, the National posture. Agency. Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing SD-192 SD-406 on Title xn. relating to two dem­ 9:30a.m. Governmental Affairs onstration projects aimed at commer­ Governmental Affairs To continue hearings on the purchase cializing advanced nuclear reactor To hold hearings on the purchase and use and use of counterfeit and substandard technologies. and Title xm provisions of counterfeit and substandard parts. parts. relating to clarifying the licensing SD-342 SD-342 process for nuclear power plants. Rules and Administration Rules and Administration SD-366 To hold hearings on the projected short­ To hold hearings on S. 3, S. 6, S. 7, S. 53, Environment and Public Works fall in the Presidential Election Cam­ S. 91, S. 128, S. 143, and S. 294, Congres­ To hold an organizational meeting to paign Fund. sional election campaign finance re­ consider pending committee business. SRr-301 form proposals. to be followed by hearings on the Presi­ 10:00 a.m. SRr-301 dent's proposed budget request for fis­ Appropriations 10:00 a.m. cal year 1992 for the Federal-aid high­ Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations way program and the proposed Surface To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Labor, Health and Human Services. Edu­ Transportation Assistance Act of 1991. timates for fiscal year 1992 for Amtrak cation Subcommittee SD-406 and the Federal Railroad Administra­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Veterans' Affairs tion. Department of Transportation. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ To hold joint hearings with the House 'SD-138 partment of Health and Human Serv­ Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ Appropriations ices, focusing on the Family Support view the legislative recommendations Treasury, Postal Service, General Govern­ Administration, Human Development of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. ment Subcommittee Services, and the Office of Inspector 345 Cannon Building To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ General. 10:00 a.m. timates for fiscal year 1992 .for the U.S. SD-192 Appropriations Secret Service and the U.S. Customs 2:00p.m. Labor. Health and Human Services, Edu­ Service, both of the Department of the Appropriations cation Subcommittee Treasury. Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-124 cation Subcommittee timates for the Department of Labor, Foreign Relations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ focusing on the Office of the Secretary European Affairs Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ of Labor, and the Office of Inspector To resume open and closed hearings on partment of Health and Human Serv­ General. the U.S. response to Soviet disunity. ices, focusing on the Social Security SD-192 SD-419 Administration, and the Health Care Budget 1:30 p.m. Financing Administration. To resume hearings in preparation for re­ Appropriations SD-192 porting the first concurrent resolution VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Energy and Natural Resources on the fiscal year 1992 budget for the committee Energy Research and Development Sub­ Federal Government. focusing on To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ committee health care issues. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Fed­ To hold hearings on S. 210, to establish s~ eral Emergency Management Agency. the United States Enrichment Corpora­ 2:00p.m. SD-138 tion to operate the Federal uranium Appropriations 2:00p.m. enrichment program on a profitable Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ Armed Services and efficient basis to maximize the cation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed legislation long-term economic value to the Unit­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ authorizing funds for fiscal years 1992 ed States. timates for the Department of Health and 1993 for the Department of Defense, SD-366 and Human Services, focusing on the and to review the fiscal years 1992-1997 Office of Civil Rights and Policy Re­ future year defense plan. MARCH8 search. SRr-222 9:00a.m. SD-192 Small Business Veterans' Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on the nomination of Business meeting, to mark up the pro­ Science, Technology, and Space Sub­ James F. Hoobler, of New York, to be posed budget for fiscal year 1992 for committee Inspector General, Small Business Ad­ veterans programs. To hold hearings on S. 272, to provide for ministration. SRr-418 a coordinated Federal research pro­ SRr-428A 10:00 a.m. gram to ensure continued United Appropriations States leadership in high-performance MARCH7 Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ computing. 9:00a.m. committee SRr-253 Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Foreign Relations Defense Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Af­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ partment of Agriculture, focusing on fairs Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ the Agricultural Stabilization and Con­ To hold hearings to examine issues relat­ partment of Defense, focusing on Air servation Service, the Foreign Agricul­ ing to a bilateral free trade agreement Force posture. tural Service, General Sales Manager, with Mexico. SD-138 and the Soil Conservation Service. SD-419 Armed Services SD-138 2:30p.m. To hold hearings on NATO security. Finance Appropriations SRr-222 Social Security and Family Policy Sub­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee 9:30a.m. committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Energy and Natural Resources To resume hearings to examine child timates for fiscal year 1992 for foreign To hold hearings on S. 341, the National poverty and welfare dependency, focus­ assistance. focusing on multilateral as­ Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing ing on measurement of increases and sistance. on Title X provisions relating to natu­ decreases. SD-138 ral gas regulatory issues. and Sections SD-215 6003 and 6004, relating to natural gas Judiciary MARCH6 research, development, demonstration Constitution Subcommittee 9:00a.m. and commercialization activities. Business meeting, to mark up S.J. Res. Appropriations SD-366 18, proposing an amendment to the U.S. Defense Subcommittee Environment and Public Works Constitution relating to a Federal bal­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on the President's pro­ anced budget. timates for fiscal year 1992 f<;>r the De- posed budget request for fiscal year SD-226 February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4613 MARCH 11 1:30 p.m. 2:00p.m. 2:00p.m. Appropriations Commerce, Science, and Transportation Energy and Natural Resources v A, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Communications Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 341, the National committee To hold hearings on S. 12, to ensure car­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ riage on cable television of local news Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing and other programming and to restore on Title Vll provisions relating to the timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Council on Environmental Quality, and the right of local regulatory authori­ Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and Title ties to regulate cable television rates. Vill provisions relating to the Outer the Environmental Protection Agency. SD-138 SRr-253 Continental Shelf. Energy and Natural Resources SD-366 2:00p.m. Armed Services To continue hearings on S. 341, the Na­ tional Energy Security Act of 1991, fo­ MARCH 12 To hold hearings on proposed legislation authorizing funds for fiscal years 1992 cusing on Title XV provisions relating to reform of the Public Utility Holding 9:30a.m. and 1993 for the Department of Defense, Energy and Natural Resources Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA). and to review the fiscal years 1992-1997 SD-366 To hold hearings on S. 341, the National future year defense plan. Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing SRr-222 MARCH 15 on Title IX provisions which authorize Commerce, Science, and Transportation a competitive oil and gas leasing pro­ Surface Transportation Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. Appropriations gram for the Coastal Plain of the Arc­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ tic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska authorizing funds for the Motor Carrier (ANWR). committee Safety Assistance Program. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-366 SRr-253 10:00 a.m. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ partment of Agriculture, focusing on Appropriations MARCH 14 Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ the Animal and Plant Health Inspec­ 9:30a.m. tion Service, the Food Safety and In­ cation Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation spection Service, and the Agricultural To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Consumer Subcommittee Marketing Service. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation SD-138 partment of Health and Human Serv­ authorizing funds for the National ices, focusing on the Office of the As­ Highway Traffic Safety Administra­ MARCH18 sistant Secretary for Health, the Agen­ tion. 2:00p.m. cy for Health Care Policy and Re­ SRr-253 Energy and Natural Resources search, and the Centers for Disease Rules and Administration To hold hearings on S. 341, the National Control. To continue hearings on S. 3, S. 6, S. 7, S. Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing SD-192 53, S. 91, S. 128, S. 143, and S. 294, Con­ on Title V provisions relating to coal 2:00p.m. gressional election campaign finance and the applicability of new source re­ Appropriations reform proposals. view to existing electric steam gener­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ SRr-301 ating units (WEPCo). cation Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. SD-366 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ MARCH19 partment of Health and Human Serv­ cation Subcommittee 9:30a.m. ices, focusing on the Alcohol Drug To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations Abuse and Mental Health Administra­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ tion, the Health Resources and Serv­ partment of Health and Human Serv­ cation Subcommittee ices Administration, and the National ices, focusing on the National Insti­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Council on Disability. tutes of Health, the Office of Director, timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ SD-192 Buildings and Facilities, the National partment of Education, focusing on the 2:30p.m. Cancer Institute, Heart, Lung and Office of the Secretary of Education Appropriations Blood Institute, the National Dental and Special Institutions. Foreign Operations Subcommittee Institute, Allergy and Infectious Dis­ SD-192 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ eases, Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney, 2:30p.m. timates for fiscal year 1992 for foreign Child Health and Human Development, Appropriations assistance, focusing on development as­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee Environmental Health, and the To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ sistance programs. Fogarty International Center. SD-138 timates for fiscal year 1992 for foreign SD-192 assistance, focusing on aid to Africa. Energy and Natural Resources SD-138 MARCH 13 To hold hearings on S. 341, the National 9:00a.m. Energy Security Act of 1991, focusing MARCH20 Veterans' Affairs on Title XV provisions relating to re­ To hold joint hearings with the House 9:30a.m. fonn of the Public Utility Holding Appropriations Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA). view the Department of Veterans Af­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ SD-366 committee fairs and Department of Defense emer­ 1:30 p.m. gency preparedness plan. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Fed­ 334 Cannon Building Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ eral Deposit Insurance Corporation, 9:30a.m. cation Subcommittee the Resolution Trust Corporation, Of­ Rules and Administration To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ fice of Inspector General, and the Na­ To resume hearings on S. 3, S. 6, S. 7, S. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ tional Credit Union Administration. 53, S. 91, S. 128, S. 143, and S. 294, Con­ partment of Health and Human Serv­ SD-116 gressional election campaign finance ices, focusing on the National Insti­ Rules and Administration refonn proposals. tutes of Health, the Neurology Insti­ Business meeting, to mark up proposed SRr-301 tute, the Deafness Institute, General legislation relating to Congressional !O:OOa.m. Medical Sciences, the National Eye In­ election campaign finance reform. Appropriations stitute, the National Institute on SRr-301 Transportation Subcommittee Aging, Arthritis Musculoskeletal and 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Skin, Division of Research Resources, Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1992 for activi­ Nursing Research, Human Genome, and Transportation Subcommittee ties of the Secretary of Transportation. the National Library of Medicine. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-138 SD-192 timates for fiscal year 1992 for the 4614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1991 Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ 2:30p.m. 9:30a.m. tration and the Washington Metropoli­ Appropriations Appropriations tan Area Transit Authority. Foreign Operations Subcommittee Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ SD-138 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ cation Subcommittee 2:00p.m. timates for fiscal year 1992 for foreign To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Energy and Natural Resources assistance, focusing on aid to Latin timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ To resume hearings on S. 341, the Na­ America. partments of Labor, Health and Human tional Energy Security Act of 1991, fo­ SD-192 Services, Education, and related agen­ cusing on Title XI provisions relating cies. to transportation issues, and on the APRIL 10 SD-192 Administration's proposal contained in 9:30a.m. 1:30 p.m. the National Energy Strategy relating Environment and Public Works Appropriations to alternative-fuel fleets. Superfund, Ocean and Water Protection VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ SD-366 Subcommittee committee To hold hearings to examine lender li­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ MARCH21 ability as related to Superfund. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the 9:30a.m. SD-406 United States Court of Veterans' Af­ Energy and Natural Resources 10:00 a.m. fairs, and the Department of Veterans' To hold hearings to review the status of Appropriations Affairs. implementation of the Department of Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ SD-138 Energy's civilian nuclear waste pro­ committee gram mandated by the Nuclear Waste To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ APRIL 18 Policy Act of 1982 and its 1987 revisions. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ 9:30a.m. SD-366 partment of Agriculture, focusing on Appropriations Veterans' Affairs the Farmers Home Administration, the Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ To hold joint hearings with the House Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, cation Subcommittee Committee on Veterans' Affairs on the and the Rural Electrification Adminis­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ proposed Soldiers' anQ. Sailors' Civil tration. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ Relief Act. SD-138 partments of Labor, Health and Human 334 Cannon Building 1:30 p.m. Services, Education, and related agen­ 10:00 a.m. Appropriations cies. Appropriations VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ SD-192 Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ committee 10:00 a.m. cation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Transportation Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1992 for AC­ Inter-agency Council on the Homeless, To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ TION, the Federal Mediation and Con­ and the Department of Housing and timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Fed­ ciliation Service, the National Medi­ Urban Development. eral Highway Administration, Depart­ ation Board, the Railroad Retirement SD-124 ment of Transportation. Board, the Federal Mine Safety and SD-138 Health Review Commission, the Na­ APRIL 11 tional Labor Relations Board, and the APRIL 19 Occupational Safety and Health Re­ 10:00 a.m. Appropriations 10:00 a.m. view Commission. Appropriations SD-192 Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ 2:00p.m. committee Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Re­ search and Special Programs Adminis­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ cation Subcommittee tration of the Department of Transpor­ tation, and the National Transpor­ partment of Agriculture, focusing on To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ the Commodity Futures Trading Com­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Phy­ tation Safety Board. SD-138 mission, the Food and Drug Adminis­ sician Payment Review Commission, tration, the Farm Credit Administra­ the Corporation for Public Broadcast­ APRIL 16 tion, and the Farm Credit System As­ ing, the National Commission on Li­ sistance Board. braries, the U.S. Institute of Peace, the 9:30a.m. SD-138 National Commission on AIDS, the Appropriations Prospective Payment Assessment Com­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ APRIL 23 mission, the National Commission to cation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ 9:30a.m. Prevent Infant Mortality, and the Sol­ Appropriations diers and Airmen's Home. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ partments of Labor, Health and Human SD-192 committee Services, Education, and related agen- To hold hearings to examine the science MARCH22 cies. education programs of various Federal 10:00 a.m. SD-192 agencies. Appropriations 2:30p.m. SD-138 Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ Appropriations Appropriations committee Foreign Operations Subcommittee Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ cation Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ partment of Agriculture, focusing on assistance, focusing on aid to Eastern timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ the Food and Nutrition Service, and Europe. partments of Labor, Health and Human the Human Nutrition Information SD-138 Services, Education, and related agen­ Service. cies. SD-138 APRIL 17 9:00a.m. SD-1902 APRIL9 Veterans' Affairs 2:30p.m. 1:00 p.m. To hold joint hearings with the House Appropriations Appropriations Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee Transportation Subcommittee view the legislative recommendations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ of the AMVETS, the American Ex-Pris­ timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign timates for fiscal year 1992 for certain oners of War, the Jewish War Veterans, assistance, focusing on security in the transportation programs. and the Veterans of World War I. post-cold war era. SD-138 345 Cannon Building SD-138 February 27, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4615 APRIL 24 2:30p.m. MAY17 9:30a.m. Appropriations 9:30a.m. Appropriations Foreign Operations Subcommittee . Appropriations VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ committee timates for fiscal year 1992 for foreign committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ assistance, focusing on AID manage­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Of­ ment issues and reform efforts. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ fice of Science and Technology Policy, SD-192 partments of Veterans' Affairs, Hous­ and the National Science Foundation. ing and Urban Development, and inde­ SD-124 MAYS pendent agencies. Appropriations 9:30a.m. SD-138 Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ Appropriations MAY21 cation Subcommittee VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ committee 2:30p.m. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations partments of Labor, Health and Human timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Na­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee Services, Education, and related agen­ tional Space Council, and the National To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign cies. Aeronautics and Space Administration. SD-192 assistance, focusing on international SD-138 AIDS crisis. SD-138 APRIL 25 MAY9 3:45p.m. 9:30a.m. 10:00 a.m. Appropriations Appropriations Appropriations Foreign Operations Subcommittee Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ cation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Fed­ assistance, focusing on the Peace Corps timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ eral Aviation Administration, Depart­ expansion and change. partments of Labor, Health and Human ment of Transportation. SD-138 Services, Education, and related agen- SD-138 cies. MAY23 SD-192 MAY14 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 2:30p.m. Appropriations Appropriations Appropriations Transportation Subcommittee Transportation Subcommittee Foreign Operations Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for certain To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ transportation programs. timates for fiscal year 1992 for the U.S. timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign Coast Guard, Department of Transpor­ SD-138 assistance, focusing on U.S. trade. tation. SD-138 SD-138 JUNE4 MAY15 2:30p.m. APRIL 26 Appropriations 1:30 p.m. 10:00 a.m. Foreign Operations Subcommittee Appropriations Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ timates for fiscal year 1991 for foreign committee committee assistance. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-138 timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Commission on National Service, and partment of Agriculture. CANCELLATIONS SD-138 the Points of Light Foundation. SD-138 MARCH20 MAY7 MAY16 9:30a.m. 1:00 p.m. 10:00 a.m. Appropriations Appropriations Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations Transportation Subcommittee cation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Na­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Gen­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the De­ tional Highway Traffic Safety Admin­ partment of Education, focusing on the istration and the Office of Inspector eral Accounting Office. Offices of the Assistant Secretaries of General, Department of Transpor­ SD-138 Education, and the Office of Inspector tation. GeneraL SD-138 SD-192