October 19, 1999 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12853

(2) ADJUSTMENTS.—The Mayor may adjust the vidual, pursuant to subchapter VI of chapter 33 On page 24, line 1, strike ‘‘(iii)’’ and insert amount of tuition and fee payments made under of title 5, United States Code, to serve as an ad- ‘‘(III)’’. paragraph (1) based on— viser to the Mayor of the District of Columbia On page 24, line 5, strike ‘‘(B)’’ and insert (A) the financial need of the eligible students with respect to the programs assisted under this ‘‘(ii)’’. to avoid undue hardship to the eligible students; Act. On page 24, line 9, strike ‘‘(C)’’ and insert or (b) ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.—The Mayor of ‘‘(iii)’’. (B) undue administrative burdens on the the District of Columbia may use not more than On page 24, line 15, strike the period and Mayor. 7 percent of the funds made available for a pro- insert ‘‘; or’’. On page 24, between lines 15 and 16, insert (c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: gram under section 3 or 5 for a fiscal year to pay the following: (1) ELIGIBLE INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘eligible the administrative expenses of a program under (B) is a private historically Black college institution’’ means an institution that— section 3 or 5 for the fiscal year. or university (for purposes of this subpara- (A) is a private, nonprofit, associate or bacca- (c) INSPECTOR GENERAL REVIEW.—Each of the graph such term shall have the meaning laureate degree-granting, institution of higher programs assisted under this Act shall be subject given the term ‘‘part B institution’’ in sec- education, as defined in section 101(a) of the to audit and other review by the Inspector Gen- tion 322(2) of the Higher Education Act of Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. eral of the Department of Education in the same 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061(2)) the main campus of 1001(a)), the main campus of which is located— manner as programs are audited and reviewed (i) in the District of Columbia; which is located in the State of Maryland or under the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 (ii) in the city of Alexandria, Falls Church, or the Commonwealth of Virginia. U.S.C. App.). Fairfax, or the county of Arlington or Fairfax, (d) GIFTS.—The Mayor of the District of Co- Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask in the Commonwealth of Virginia, or a political lumbia may accept, use, and dispose of dona- unanimous consent that the amend- subdivision of the Commonwealth of Virginia lo- tions of services or property for purposes of car- cated within any such county; or ment be agreed to, the committee sub- (iii) in the county of Montgomery or Prince rying out this Act. stitute be agreed to, as amended, the (e) FUNDING RULE.—Notwithstanding sections George’s in the State of Maryland, or a political bill be read a third time and passed, 3 and 5, the Mayor may use funds made subdivision of the State of Maryland located the motion to reconsider be laid upon available— within any such county; the table, and that any statements re- (1) under section 3 to award grants under sec- (B) is eligible to participate in the student fi- lating to the bill be printed in the nancial assistance programs under title IV of tion 5 if the amount of funds made available under section 3 exceeds the amount of funds RECORD. the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without et seq.); and awarded under section 3 during a time period (C) enters into an agreement with the Mayor determined by the Mayor; and objection, it is so ordered. containing such conditions as the Mayor may (2) under section 5 to award grants under sec- The amendment No. (2317) was agreed specify, including a requirement that the insti- tion 3 if the amount of funds made available to. tution use the funds made available under this under section 5 exceeds the amount of funds The committee amendment, as section to supplement and not supplant assist- awarded under section 5 during a time period amended, was agreed to. ance that otherwise would be provided to eligi- determined by the Mayor. The bill (H.R. 974), as amended, was ble students from the District of Columbia. (f) MAXIMUM STUDENT AMOUNT ADJUST- read the third time and passed. MENTS.—The Mayor shall establish rules to ad- (2) ELIGIBLE STUDENT.—The term ‘‘eligible f student’’ means an individual who meets the re- just the maximum student amounts described in quirements of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of sections 3(a)(2)(B) and 5(a)(2)(B) for eligible DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER section 3(c)(2). students described in section 3(c)(2) or 5(c)(2) EXECUTIVE OFFICE BUILDING who transfer between the eligible institutions (3) MAYOR.—The term ‘‘Mayor’’ means the Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask Mayor of the District of Columbia. described in section 3(c)(1) or 5(c)(1). unanimous consent that the Senate (4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means AMENDMENT NO. 2317 proceed to the consideration of Cal- the Secretary of Education. (Purpose: To permit the Mayor to prioritize (d) APPLICATION.—Each eligible student desir- the making or amount of tuition and fee endar No. 293, S. 1652. ing a tuition and fee payment under this section payments based on the income and need of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The shall submit an application to the eligible insti- eligible students, to include historically clerk will state the bill by title. tution at such time, in such manner, and accom- Black colleges and universities in the defi- The legislative clerk read as follows: panied by such information as the eligible insti- nition of schools eligible to participate in A bill (S. 1652) to designate the Old Execu- tution may require. the program, and for other purposes) tive Office Building located at 17th Street (e) ADMINISTRATION OF PROGRAM.— Mr. SPECTER. There is a managers’ and Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, in Wash- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Mayor shall carry out ington, District of Columbia, as the Dwight the program under this section in consultation amendment at the desk, and I ask for D. Eisenhower Executive Office Building. with the Secretary. The Mayor may enter into a its consideration. There being no objection, the Senate grant, contract, or cooperative agreement with The PRESIDING OFFICER. The another public or private entity to administer proceeded to consider the bill. clerk will report. Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, I am the program under this section if the Mayor de- The legislative clerk read as follows: termines that doing so is a more efficient way of pleased that today the Senate is con- The Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. SPEC- carrying out the program. sidering S. 1652, legislation I have in- TER], for Mr. THOMPSON, for himself, Mr. (2) POLICIES AND PROCEDURES.—The Mayor, troduced with Senator BAUCUS and oth- VOINOVICH, Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. DURBIN, and in consultation with institutions of higher edu- ers that would name the Old Executive cation eligible for participation in the program Mr. WARNER, proposes an amendment num- bered 2317. Office Building, OEOB, after Dwight D. authorized under this section, shall develop Eisenhower. This bipartisan bill would The amendment is as follows: policies and procedures for the administration of honor both an architectural landmark the program. On page 13, between lines 16 and 17, insert (3) MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT.—The the following: and a great American leader. Mayor and the Secretary shall enter into a (3) FURTHER ADJUSTMENTS.—Notwith- The OEOB, located at the corner of Memorandum of Agreement that describes— standing paragraphs (1) and (2), the Mayor 17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, (A) the manner in which the Mayor shall con- may prioritize the making or amount of tui- is a familiar sight to my colleagues. sult with the Secretary with respect to admin- tion and fee payments under this subsection Yet its history and architectural im- istering the program under this section; and based on the income and need of eligible stu- portance may not be as well-known. Its (B) any technical or other assistance to be dents. existence grew out of the dire need for provided to the Mayor by the Secretary for pur- On page 15, line 22, strike ‘‘1999’’ and insert executive office space near the White poses of administering the program under this ‘‘1998’’. section. On page 23, between lines 10 and 11, insert House during the 19th century. After (f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— the following: the British burned the first pair of of- There are authorized to be appropriated to the (3) FURTHER ADJUSTMENTS.—Notwith- fice buildings in 1814, the State, War, District of Columbia to carry out this section standing paragraphs (1) and (2), the Mayor and Navy Departments had to make do $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2000 and such sums as may prioritize the making or amount of tui- in cramped quarters for several years. may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding tion and fee payments under this subsection Finally, in the late 1860s, the Grant ad- fiscal years. Such funds shall remain available based on the income and need of eligible stu- ministration proposed a new building until expended. dents. to house those agencies, and Congress (g) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall take On page 23, line 14, strike ‘‘(A)’’ and insert effect with respect to payments for periods of in- ‘‘(A)(i)’’. appointed a commission to select a site struction that begin on or after January 1, 2000. On page 23, line 19, strike ‘‘(i)’’ and insert and an architect. SEC. 6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. ‘‘(I)’’. The architect selected by the Com- (a) PERSONNEL.—The Secretary of Education On page 23, line 20, strike ‘‘(ii)’’ and insert mission was Alfred Mullett, the Archi- shall arrange for the assignment of an indi- ‘‘(II)’’. tect of the Treasury. To the surprise of S12854 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 19, 1999 some, his winning design was not ica again called him to national serv- Building after General and President Eisen- Greek Revival (like the Treasury ice, and ‘‘Ike’’ became our 34th Presi- hower. Building), but instead French Second dent. For all that he did to secure de- Almost a decade ago I was on a committee to do something to recognize Eisenhower’s Empire—a style that was perhaps more mocracy and peace in this century, 100th birthday. Andrew Goodpaster was the flamboyant and exuberant than Wash- Dwight Eisenhower stands as one of chairman. At our first meeting I said we ington had seen until that point, but this country’s great leaders. need a statue of him or a building in Wash- that reflected the optimism of the What my colleagues may not have ington named for him. I was about laughed post-Civil War period. Ground was bro- known is that Dwight Eisenhower had out of the room. I was told there was no way ken in 1871, and seventeen years later a special personal connection to the the Democrats were going to honor Eisen- the building was completed. Today, the Old Executive Office Building. As chief hower in our nation’s capital. I protested—if building is listed on the National Reg- military aide to General MacArthur a statue, put him in uniform, I said: if a building, call it General Eisenhower. Plus ister of Historic Places, and ranks first (then Army Chief of Staff), a young which, I said, every general from the Civil among historic buildings in the inven- Dwight Eisenhower worked in the War has a square in the nation’s capital tory of the General Services Adminis- OEOB from 1933–35. Later on, when he named for him, usually with a statue. Why tration’s Public Buildings Service. himself became Army Chief of Staff, not Ike? You can see how far I got. As planned, the building first was oc- Eisenhower again was based in the Renaming the Old Executive Office Build- cupied by the State, War, and Navy De- OEOB. And on January 19, 1955, the ing for him would be appropriate as well as partments. For years, these Depart- first televised presidential press con- much deserved. He served in the building in the early 1930’s as an aide to General Douglas ments carried out their work there. In- ference was held by President Eisen- MacArthur, then Chief of Staff, U.S. Army. deed, the building has housed 16 Secre- hower on the fourth floor of the OEOB. In the late 1950’s, as President, Eisenhower taries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of Indeed, Susan Eisenhower tells us that saved the building from demolition. War, and 24 Secretaries of State. But her grandfather often spoke fondly of Eisenhower was the leader in war and in many other prominent national leaders the building and his years in it. peace of the men and women who saved our have carried out their work there as It is not surprising, therefore, that country and democracy. Surely something well: Both Presidents Roosevelt (Theo- Eisenhower played a key role in the can be done in Washington to pay at least a bit of our eternal respect and gratitude to dore and Franklin), as well as Presi- building’s preservation. In the late this great man. dents Taft, Eisenhower, Johnson, Ford, 1950s, his Advisory Committee on Pres- Sincerely, and Bush, had offices in the OEOB be- idential Office Space recommended STEPHEN E. AMBROSE. fore becoming President. And Vice that the building be torn down and re- Presidents since Lyndon Johnson have placed with an expensive modern office ALEXANDRIA, VA, maintained offices there. building. White House historian and January 13, 1998. Some little-known historic trivia scholar William Seale reports that the Mr. JAMES J. O’CONNELL, about the building: Apparently the Vice President, Ceridian Corp., architect in charge tried to persuade Washington, DC. building once had wooden swinging President Eisenhower, who recently DEAR MR. O’CONNELL: Thank you for your doors at its doorways, but it is said had suffered a heart attack, that a new letter of December 18 about the OEOB. I am they were removed after an eager staff- building would not have as many stairs interested that you propose that it be named er cannoning through the doors ran to climb. ‘‘Nonsense,’’ said the Presi- for President Eisenhower. Long ago, Con- into Winston Churchill, knocking the dent, ‘‘My doctors require that I climb gressman Howard W. Smith told me about a famed cigar from his mouth. And it is so many steps a day for the good of my meeting he had with a committee charged with the ‘‘problem’’ of that building. An ar- said that after a slip on the stairs, Sec- heart!’’ The tide turned at that point, chitectural firm was determined to demolish retary of War Taft had installed the and the building was saved. it, and had at least a thousand reasons why extra brass stair railings. By the way, Designating the Old Executive Office the old building needed a new replacement once Taft became President, his family Building as the Dwight D. Eisenhower (doubtless in steel and aluminum). The com- cow, Pauline, grazed on what is the Office Building would be a fitting mittee was not really happy about it, but lis- OEOB’s South Lawn. honor to a great American leader in tened. Then they had a meeting President Eventually, however, the building’s war and in peace, and a fitting recogni- Eisenhower attended, fresh from heart-at- original tenants left, with the State tion of a grand American building. For tack recovery. The architect made a very great point about the terrible stairs in the Department the last to vacate in 1947. that reason, this naming is supported building and how hard they were on heart pa- Once State moved out, and the Presi- by Stephen Ambrose, the well-known tients. Eisenhower suddenly interrupted and dent’s staff began moving in, the OEOB Eisenhower biographer; William Seale, said something like, ‘‘Nonsense. My doctors lost its moniker as the ‘‘State, War & the author of the White House Histor- require that I climb so many steps a day for Navy Building,’’ and instead was ical Association’s history of the White the good of my heart.’’ Somehow, the tide known simply as the Executive Office House; Senator Bob Dole, World War II turned at that point and the old building was Building. When a new office building veteran and distinguished public serv- saved. Judge Smith concluded with, ‘‘It was a perfectly good building. Well built. No need was built across the street, the OEOB ant; and the Eisenhower family. It is to destroy it.’’ became the ‘‘Old’’ Executive Office no wonder that S. 1652 has garnered You have a good idea and a perfectly valid Building, and that undistinguished strong and bipartisan support. one. When in the company of that great name has remained to this day. Let me extend my appreciation to structure, and all its complex architectural Among those who worked in the the Senate leadership for setting aside detailing, I like to think of all the lives that building was a young Dwight Eisen- this day to consider S. 1652. I look for- have passed through it, all the great men hower. My colleagues certainly are ward to its passage by the Senate and even unknown great men and women that make up its story. well aware of the career of our 34th today, and its ultimate enactment by Do you think you will have competition President. Born in Denison, TX, and Congress this year. I thank the Chair. from General Grant? The building is usually raised in Abilene, KS, Dwight Eisen- I ask unanimous consent that letters considered the best example of the ‘‘General hower spent a life in public service to from Stephen Ambrose, William Seale, Grant’’ style of American architecture. I pre- this country. A graduate of West Point, and Bob Dole, and an editorial by Jim fer Eisenhower, because it would appear that he had the privilege of being assigned O’Connell, be printed in the RECORD. he was the one who saved it, even before the to some of our best-known military fig- There being no objection, the mate- era of preservation really began. rial was ordered to be printed in the I appreciate your kind remarks. Certainly ures: Generals Pershing, MacArthur, I have been lucky to have the White House and Marshall. Later, at the height of RECORD, as follows: as a vehicle for my history studies. his military career, he was appointed AMBROSE TUBBS, INC. Every best wish, Supreme Commander of the Allied Helena, MT, September 7, 1999. Sincerely, Forces during WWII. He commanded Senator JOHN CHAFEE, WILLIAM SEALE. the Normandy invasion, which led to Dirksen Senate Office Building, the end of WWII. In peacetime, he Washington, DC. WASHINGTON, DC, DEAR SENATOR CHAFEE: I am eager to join August 23, 1999. served as president of Columbia Uni- Bob Dole, John Eisenhower, Susan Eisen- Hon. JOHN H. CHAFFEE. versity, and also as the head of the hower and the many others who are sup- It was good to talk to you last week and NATO forces in Europe. In 1952, Amer- porting naming the Old Executive Office I’m delighted you support naming the Old October 19, 1999 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12855 Executive Office Building after President Ei- ing up cosponsors when you have a draft bill came into use. It seems only fitting that senhower. It’s something that will touch the that can be circulated among your Senate consideration be given to naming the build- heart of every World War II veteran, indeed colleagues. ing after ‘‘Harry,’’ even if he did call the of every American who remembers Dwight D. I look forward to hearing from you soon building ‘‘the greatest monstrosity in Amer- Eisenhower as one of America’s greatest 20th and providing any help you need with this ica.’’ century leaders in peace and war. important legislation to recognize the leader The Eisenhower Executive Office Building. Our 34th president is virtually unrecog- of The Greatest Generation. This would be Long before becoming commander of allied nized in the Nation’s Capital. Eisenhower bi- particularly appropriate as the American forces in Europe in World War II, Dwight D. ographer Stephen Ambrose agrees fully that century draws to a close and we enter the Eisenhower worked in the building as Army no fitting tribute to Eisenhower exists in new millennium. chief of operations and military aide to Chief Washington, DC. Dr. Ambrose supports nam- Sincerely, of Staff Douglas MacArthur. The five-star ing the OEOB after Ike and would be pleased BOB DOLE. general’s distinguished Army career echoes to write a letter voicing this support. the building’s military past—two bronze The OEOB, called the ‘‘State, War & Navy [From the Washington Post, Aug. 10, 1997] Spanish cannons captured in 1898 are still in Building’’ from 1888 until 1947, is Washing- A BUILDING BY ANY OTHER NAME THAN THE place at the Pennsylvania Avenue entrance. ton’s most distinguished office building. OEOB And Eisenhower no doubt played a role in Eight future Presidents served in the build- (By Jim O’Connell) helping the building survive a 1957 rec- ing before becoming President—Theodore ommendation of the Advisory Committee on and Franklin Roosevelt, as Assistant Secre- Now that Congress and the White House Presidential Office Space that EOB be re- taries of the Navy; William Howard Taft, as have reached agreement on balanced budget placed with a modern office complex. The Secretary of War; Herbert Hoover, as chief of legislation, they can turn their attention to- Kennedy Center’s Eisenhower Theater is the post-WWI allied relief operations; and ward addressing another overdue issue: a faint praise indeed for this American hero. Vice Presidents Lyndon Johnson, Gerald new name for the Old Executive Office Build- After a half-century, it’s time to honor the Ford and George Bush. Twenty-four secre- ing (OEOB). Washington’s most remarkable old State, War and Navy Building with a new taries of state served in it. office building, perhaps the finest example of name and in so doing pay lasting tribute to General Eisenhower himself served in the French Second Empire architecture in Amer- a former president. building from 1929–1935, as senior aide to ica, has a name remarkable only for its Myself—I like Ike! General Douglas MacArthur and as Army blandness—and that came to it by default. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I Chief of Operations. Furthermore, noted ar- The 19th century Victorian masterpiece thank the authors of this legislation chitect and foremost White House historian was begun in 1871 and completed in 1888. for working to bring this bill to the William Seale tells us that former Congress- Originally, it was called the State, War and navy Building after its first occupants. floor. I had the privilege of working man Howard W. Smith credited Eisenhower under President Eisenhower as Assist- with saving the building from demolition in Twenty-four secretaries of state served the late 1950s. Seale is the author of ‘‘The there, and the former State, War and Navy ant to the Secretary of the Interior and White House: The History of An American libraries recall that illustrious past. Today, Solicitor of the Interior Department. I Idea.’’ the OEOB houses the offices of the vice presi- am proud to have served under Presi- The present name of this 19th century mas- dent. dent Dwight D. Eisenhower. terpiece is largely an historical accident. In 1947, after the last secretary of state va- In 1947 President Eisenhower said of After State vacated in 1947, the building be- cated the premises, White House offices our democracy: moved in, and the building came to be known came known simply as the ‘‘Executive Office The American system rests upon the rights as the Executive Office Building (EOB). That Building.’’ When a new executive office and dignity of the individual. The success of nondescript label reflected the new executive building opened on 17th Street in 1965, the that system depends upon the assumption by branch tenants—the National Security Coun- Executive Office Building became the ‘‘Old’’ each one of personal, individual responsi- cil and the Budget Bureau (now the Office of Executive Office Building. bility for the safety and welfare of the whole. Naming the OEOB for Dwight Eisenhower Management and Budget). Never mind that No government official, no soldier, be he would give us the opportunity to honor the the town had plenty of other executive office brass hat or Pfc., no other person can assume former State, War and Navy Building with a buildings. your responsibilities—else democracy will proper name. At the same time, it would pay But in 1965 EOBers faced a dilemma: A new cease to exist. a unique tribute to Dwight D. Eisenhower, executive office building was about to open whose contributions to our nation are sym- just north of the EOB. If the 1965 structure This sentiment is still true today. It bolized by this building that served him well was ‘‘new,’’ then the 1888 vintage building speaks to the timelessness of President during both his military and presidential ca- must be old. With Washington’s fascination Eisenhower’s thoughts and efforts and reers. I spoke last week with Susan Eisen- with acronyms, the building soon became it offers us a glimpse of how he ap- hower about this proposal, which was known as the OEOB. What would architect proached his duties and his life in gen- brought to her for the family’s consider- Alfred B. Mullet have said to that? eral. This 19th century treasure merits better— ation. Susan, her father John, and other Ike was a good soldier who got most family members are supportive. They were much better. Given its role and its location deeply touched that the idea has been sug- beside the White House, it should have a of his insight into government from his gested and that the Nation might honor name that honors one of our presidents. Five experience at West Point. His focus was President Eisenhower in this way. possibilities came to mind: on duty, honor and country. To him, Because OEOB is an ‘‘office’’ on the GSA The Roosevelt Executive Office Building. the role he was given by the American Public Buildings Survey, I understand that On the plus side, both Roosevelts worked in people is outlined in the Constitution the Committee on Environment and Public the building as assistant Navy secretaries. and he followed the language of the Works would have jurisdiction over legisla- On the minus: Both are memorialized al- Constitution to the best of his ability. ready, Franklin recently in West Potomac tion to name OEOB after Eisenhower. For Also known as an ‘‘internationalist’’, many reasons, therefore, you are the best Park and Teddy in the woods at Roosevelt person to champion this legislation in the Island. he believed in friendship and peace. Ike Senate. I predict many co-sponsors from The Grant Executive Office Building. Ulys- ran for President because of concern both sides of the aisle ses S. Grant was president when the that too many people were afraid of This year we mark the 30th year since Ei- groundbreaking for the building occurred in other countries and believed that if we senhower’s death. More and more World War 1871. Also, Second Empire architecture were to have peace in the world then II vets are retiring from Congress. We need reached its zenith during his presidency—in- we need friendships with other coun- to act quickly to introduce a bill, report it deed it was sometimes called the ‘‘General tries. out of Committee and encourage timely ac- Grant Style.’’ While the Union general is me- Eisenhower as our leader made many tion in the House. I hope you will be able to morialized at the west front of the Capitol, introduce legislation shortly after the Sen- Washington had no monument to Grant the decisions that we live by today. Unlike ate reconvenes in September. I will do every- president. many who currently seek and obtain thing I can personally to help you round up The Cleveland Executive Office Building. political offices, he was concerned with co-sponsors. And we will get letters of en- Grover Cleveland was president at the 1888 making the right decisions and not dorsement from individuals and organiza- completion of the building. After four years with what his legacy would be. Today’s tions to support your leadership. of living next to the construction project, leaders should and do build on the lead- I would be delighted to put your staff in our 22nd president took a one-term hiatus— ership of the past—leadership that he touch with a few people who have done the coming back to be our 24th president. preliminary research on the OEOB. Maybe The Truman Executive Office Building. provided and taught us to emulate. this would be helpful as your staff works to President Truman occupied the White House The period of Ike’s Presidency was an draft appropriate bill language. We can also in 1947, when the State Department moved interesting and important period in the provide assistance in drafting a floor state- out. At that point, the building’s name had history of our country—particularly ment and a ‘‘Dear Colleague’’ letter and lin- to be changed, and the bland EOB name for my State and the State of my good S12856 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 19, 1999 friend from Hawaii, Senator INOUYE. member his words and would do our Although Congress is portrayed in President Eisenhower originally op- best to be a ‘‘foot soldier’’ in his battle the press as mired in gridlock over posed statehood for Alaska in his first to ‘‘wage peace.’’ I still consider myself budget caps and campaign finance re- term. In 1950 you needed a passport or one of Eisenhower’s ‘‘foot soldiers’’. form, the Senate does rise above the birth certificate to return to the Naming the Old Executive Office daily political battles and pass com- ‘‘south 48’’ from Alaska. Today we re- Building after President Eisenhower is monsense bipartisan legislation that member the phrase ‘‘Taxation without a fitting tribute to the man who save the American public is often unaware representation’’. It was true back then, the world and I am proud to cosponsor of because it lacks the sizzle for front especially for those of us who fought this legislation. page headlines or evening news sound and returned from WWII. It was de- Mr. HAGEL. Mr. President, I join the bites. meaning and unfair. As everyone chorus of voices calling for the Old Ex- The Senate passage of S. 1652 for- knows, we won the statehood fight and ecutive Office Building to be renamed mally recognizes former President Ei- it turned out to be good for the people in honor of Dwight D. Eisenhower. senhower’s dedication and faithfulness of Alaska and the country as a whole. President Eisenhower had a direct to the United States. This Kansan rose In working for Alaska statehood connection to the building. He worked from his commission as a second lieu- under President Eisenhower I found the there as an aide to Gen. Douglas Mac- tenant of Infantry at West Point to Su- ability to work freely, but with his full Arthur, and as Army Chief of Oper- preme Commander of the Allied Expe- support. Bill Ewald, a good friend of ations. As President, he saved the ditionary Forces, where he directed one mine, is quoted in the book ‘‘Eisen- building from demolition. of the most ambitious invasions in hower the President’’: But of course the reasons for com- military history. .. . in the end . . . the greatest glory must memorating President Eisenhower in At the end of his military career, Ei- go to Eisenhower. He chose his lieutenants, this way are far more profound than senhower embarked on his successful gave them the freedom to think and to inno- his historical connection to the build- candidacy for President of the United vate, backed them to the hilt despite his ing. States. Eisenhower’s biographer, Ste- qualms, and thus produced an outcome that, At the close of this century, America phen Ambrose, wrote in his introduc- in retrospect, remains a triumph of his ad- is the world’s lone superpower—due in ministration. tion to ‘‘Eisenhower The President’’ large part to the leadership of Presi- that ‘‘Dwight Eisenhower is one of only Only 40 years later Alaska provides dent Eisenhower from 1953–60, the two Republicans (the other was Grant) 25 percent of all U.S. oil production, years when the course to our current to serve two full terms as President. and 50 percent of fish consumed in the position of supremacy was being Along with the two Roosevelts, he is United States is caught off Alaska’s charted. the only twentieth-century President shores. A world power structure going back Eisenhower believed that a modern who, when he left office, still enjoyed several centuries was shattered by wide and deep popularity. And he is the network of roads is ‘‘As necessary to World War II. America had made a defense as it is to our national econ- only President in this century who grave mistake after World War I by re- managed to preside over eight years of omy and personal safety’’. Under his treating into isolationism. Fortu- leadership, the Federal Aid-Highway peace and prosperity.’’ nately, after the Second World War, America liked Ike. Act of 1956 authorized 41,000 miles of the United States recognized its re- We in Kansas are always honored highways (later adjusted to 42,500) by sponsibility to assume leadership of when we can share our admiration for 1975. By 1980, 40,000 miles were com- the free world in the global confronta- Dwight David Eisenhower with the rest pleted. Today there are more than tion with communism. The man most of the Nation including the Dwight 42,700 miles in the system. Citizens of responsible for solidifying America’s David Eisenhower National Highway no nation on Earth can equal the mo- postwar position was Dwight D. Eisen- System and the Eisenhower Presi- bility that is available to the majority hower. dential Center in Abilene, Kansas. of Americans via our National Highway Eisenhower, former supreme allied My own family has strong ties to Ike System. A study in 1994 found that the commander in World War II and then and the Eisenhower years. My father, fatality rate for interstate highways is supreme commander of the new North Wes, played a key role in Eisenhower’s 60 percent lower than the rest of the Atlantic Treaty Organization, under- presidential nomination and his elec- transportation system and the injury stood perhaps better than any man of tion. He served as Republican national rate is 70 percent lower. The U.S. Army his time how the world was inter- chairman for Ike. cited the Interstate Highway System connected—and how America’s destiny Naming the Old Executive Office as being critical to the success of the was intertwined with the destinies of Building after former President Eisen- Desert Shield-Desert Storm Operation its friends and enemies throughout the hower is fitting because this building is because it allowed for the rapid deploy- world. He was not afraid to lead in for- almost as historic as the White House. ment of troops and equipment to U.S. eign policy. Former Presidents Theodore and ports for deployment overseas. Nor was he afraid to lead in domestic Franklin D. Roosevelt, Taft, Johnson, In the area of defense, Ike’s efforts policy, especially in race relations. We Ford, and Bush, and Eisenhower him- could not be eclipsed. His leadership in think of the 1960s as the decade of civil self, all had offices in this building be- pushing for adequate funding of our de- rights, but it was President Eisenhower fore becoming President. This ornate fense system led to the successes we who ordered the complete desegrega- building is one of the most impressive enjoy today. With the strongest mili- tion of the Armed Forces. It was Presi- buildings in Washington and some be- tary power on Earth, and with new and dent Eisenhower who sent Federal lieve its style epitomizes the optimism effective weapon systems in our arse- troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to and exuberance of the post-Civil War nal, we should look to the past and guarantee compliance with a court period when it was constructed. give Ike credit for his vision on our na- order for school desegregation. Throughout his government career, Ike tional defense. Naming the Old Executive Office also conveyed these feelings to his In his 1961 farewell address, President Building for Dwight D. Eisenhower is a troops and the American people there- Eisenhower said: fitting way to honor the many ways he fore this recognition is well-deserved. America is today the strongest, the most contributed to the building of the I am glad that my Senate colleagues influential and most productive nation in agreed to expedite the passage of this the world . . . America’s leadership and pres- greatest nation the world has ever tige depend, not merely upon our unmatched seen. bill and hope the other body takes material progress, riches and military Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I rise quick action. It builds on last week’s strength, but on how we use our power in the in strong support of the Environment celebration in Kansas of former Presi- interests of world peace and human better- and Public Works Committee legisla- dent Eisenhower where the State of ment. tion to name the Old Executive Office Kansas made his birthday Dwight D. It was President Eisenhower’s hope Building after one of Kansas’ sons, Eisenhower Day in Kansas. More im- as we all pursue our careers, regardless former President Dwight David Eisen- portantly, our state leaders provided of the path we take, that we would re- hower. schools with curricula on Eisenhower October 19, 1999 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12857 to teach and remind children of this a bill to designate the Old Executive States never lost a soldier or a foot of great leader. Office Building located at 17th and ground in my administration. We kept For my colleagues reading and infor- Pennsylvania, here in the District of the peace. People asked how it hap- mation, I ask unanimous consent that Columbia, and the Dwight D. Eisen- pened—by God, it didn’t just happen, an editorial from the Topeka Capital hower Executive Office Building. I’ll tell you that.’’ Journal be printed in the RECORD. I remind my colleagues of the many Dwight D. Eisenhower attributed his There being no objection, the edi- accomplishments and selfless contribu- success and good fortune to ‘‘. . . a life- torial was ordered to be printed in the tions of our 34th President. His strong time of continuous association with RECORD, as follows: character and remarkable achieve- men and women . . . who . . . gave oth- DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER FINALLY GETS HIS ments have made him a role model for ers inspiration and guidance.’’ His par- DAY many young people worldwide. As a na- ents, church, and community were first It is not hyperbole at all to say this: tive of Kansas myself, it is an honor to among them. The small town environ- Dwight D. Eisenhower stands as one of the commemorate this fellow Kansan by ment of Abilene, Kansas taught him 20th century’s towering figures—and among associating his name with a remark- ambition without arrogance and self- what may have been history’s most heroic generation, he was a giant. able architectural landmark like the dependence with a concern for others. This Kansas-reared man’s memory is still Old Executive Office Building. President Eisenhower never forgot celebrated today in the hamlets of Europe he Born 25 years after the end of the where his strength or that of the Na- helped free from Nazi oppression and occupa- civil war, Dwight David Eisenhower tion came from. In June of 1954, an tion as supreme Allied commander in World was the third son of David and Ida Ei- amendment was made to add the words War II. senhower. He spent his formative years ‘‘one Nation under God’’ to the Pledge Meanwhile, in a wax museum dedicated to sharing a crowded house with five of Allegiance. Eisenhower remarked, all the U.S. presidents in Gettysburg, Pa., brothers in Abilene, Kansas. He sought Eisenhower’s likeness has been lifted out of ‘‘In this way we are reaffirming the its chronological place and given its own and received an appointment to West transcendence of religious faith in spotlight for visitors to appreciate. His life, Point. In 1927 he entered Army War America’s heritage of future; in this his career, his achievements, his impact on College here in Washington, DC. His way we shall constantly strengthen the world were that significant. early Army career saw rapid advance- those spiritual weapons which forever Yet, the state that claims him, and which ment through the ranks. Within 11 will be our country’s most powerful re- he claimed as a youth and at his death in years, he was chief military aide to source in peace and war.’’ 1969, has done precious little to observe his Gen. Douglass MacArthur and by the honored place in history. So, in renaming this most historic Until now. age of 40 served as Army Chief of Oper- structure, we celebrate not only the ac- This week, Abilene, site of the Eisenhower ations. While holding these positions, complishments of President Eisen- Library and Museum, feted the 34th presi- Eisenhower occupied several offices in hower, but the strong, loving family dent in a three-day celebration ending today the Old Executive Office Building and and nurturing community of his youth with a conclusion of a Veterans of Foreign spent many hours walking the white which helped propel him to greatness. Wars vigil at 8 a.m., wreath layings at 10:30 marble tile corridors. These are the values with which we at- and 11 a.m., a children’s bicycle parade at On June 6, 1944, he was Supreme 1:30 and the unveiling at 2 p.m. of a statute tempt to equip our children and pre- of a boyish Eisenhower at the downtown Commander of the D-Day Normandy pare great leaders for our future. mini-park. invasion. Through his actions and du- Many of the young people of our Thursday, on his birthday and officially ties, his name became synonymous country have little or no idea who this Dwight D. Eisenhower Day in Kansas, with heroism. Just 6 months later, he great American was or what his leader- schoolchildren released balloons, heard was promoted to U.S. Army’s highest ship in both war and peace meant to music and speeches (including one by Ike’s ranking, General of the Army. granddaughter, Anne Eisenhower) and cele- the nation and the world. It is my hope After the war, Eisenhower’s popu- that when Americans visit the Dwight brated with a birthday party and concert larity with the American people that night. D. Eisenhower Executive office Build- Just as important, curricula on Eisen- soared. In 1948, he actually received the ing, a curiosity about his heritage is hower was sent to schools statewide. nomination for President from both po- evoked in children and adults alike, It’s hard to believe we’ve gone this long be- litical parties but declined the honor. and people are inspired by his example. fore proclaiming a day for Eisenhower—the Instead, he became the president of Co- I encourage all Senators to support state’s most famous and celebrated figure. lumbia University in New York City. this bipartisan legislation and honor ‘‘He really is a world-renowned figure,’’ Fear of communist built-up and dis- said state Sen. Ben Vidricksen, R-Salina, our former President and wartime lead- who sponsored the legislation leading to this appointment with the mismanagement er Dwight D. Eisenhower. long-overdue observance. of the Korean war, convinced Eisen- Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask Though born in Denison, Texas, Eisen- hower that he had a duty to run, and in unanimous consent that the bill be hower spent his formative years in Abilene, 1952 he received the Republican nomi- read a third time and passed, the mo- Kan., where they regard him as a local boy nation for President. tion to reconsider be laid upon the who grew to become a hero. Eisenhower’s two terms as President table, and that any statements relating ‘‘He was a wonderful role model,’’ said Kim of the United States saw many progres- Barbieri, education specialist with the Ei- to the bill be printed in the RECORD. senhower Foundation. sive and important accomplishments. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ‘‘Even his critics never questioned his hon- After inauguration, he signed a truce objection, it is so ordered. esty and sincerity,’’ said one author. ‘‘As a that brought an armed peace along the The bill (S. 1652) was read the third general, he commanded the greatest army in border of South Korea and effectively time and passed, as follows: history. As a president, he dedicated himself ended the war. In 1956, he sponsored the S. 1652 to fighting for peace.’’ first civil rights bill since Reconstruc- Indeed, though a product of the military, tion. Eisenhower signed legislation cre- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Eisenhower once warned the American peo- resentatives of the United States of America in ple to guard against ‘‘the acquisition of un- ating the National Aeronautics and Congress assembled, Space Administration and witnessed warranted influence, whether sought or un- SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF DWIGHT D. EISEN- sought, by the military-industrial complex.’’ Alaska and Hawaii become States. His HOWER EXECUTIVE OFFICE BUILD- Though his was one of the poorer families public works programs included the ING. in Abilene, it was predicted in the Abilene Saint Lawrence Seaway in 1954 and the The Old Executive Office Building located High School year-book in 1909 that Eisen- Interstate Highway System in 1956, the at 17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, hower would go on to be president—Dwight’s largest construction project in history. NW, in Washington, District of Columbia, brother, Edgar Eisenhower, that is. Dwight Perhaps Eisenhower’s greatest feat shall be known and designated as the was supposed to go on to be a history pro- ‘‘Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Office fessor at Yale. during his presidency was making and Building’’. keeping the peace with communist The prediction was off slightly, of course. SEC. 2. REFERENCES. And because of that, the world is a better countries. Eisenhower seldom boasted, Any reference in a law, map, regulation, place—and millions of people are free today. but he once summed up one of the document, paper, or other record of the Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I proudest accomplishments of his presi- United States to the building referred to in rise today to add my support to S. 1652, dency in these words: ‘‘The United section 1 shall be deemed to be a reference to S12858 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 19, 1999 the Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Office Whereas recent advances in Cystic Fibrosis S. RES. 199 Building. research have produced promising leads in Whereas lead poisoning is a leading envi- f relation to gene, protein, and drug therapies; ronmental health hazard to children in the and United States; CYSTIC FIBROSIS AWARENESS Whereas education can help inform the Whereas according to the United States WEEK public of Cystic Fibrosis symptoms, which Center for Disease Control and Prevention, will assist in early diagnoses, and increase 890,000 preschool children in the United Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask knowledge and understanding of this disease: States have harmful levels of lead in their unanimous consent that S. Res. 190 be Now, therefore, be it blood; discharged from the Judiciary Com- Resolved, that the Senate— Whereas lead poisoning may cause serious, mittee and that the Senate proceed to (1) designates the week of October 10, 1999, long-term harm to children, including re- its immediate consideration. through October 16, 1999, as National Cystic duced intelligence and attention span, be- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Fibrosis Awareness Week; havior problems, learning disabilities, and (2) commits to increasing the quality of objection, it is so ordered. The clerk impaired growth; life for individuals with Cystic Fibrosis by Whereas children from low-income families will state the resolution by title. promoting public knowledge and under- are 8 times more likely to be poisoned by The legislative clerk read as follows: standing in a manner that will result in ear- lead than those from high income families; A resolution (S. Res. 190) designating the lier diagnoses, more fund raising efforts for Whereas children may become poisoned by week of October 10, 1999, through October 16, research, and increased levels of support for lead in water, soil, or consumable products; 1999, as ‘‘National Cystic Fibrosis Awareness Cystic Fibrosis sufferers and their families; Whereas most children are poisoned in Week.’’ and their homes through exposure to lead par- (3) requests the President to issue a procla- ticles when lead-based paint deteriorates or There being no objection, the Senate mation calling on the people of the United proceeded to consider the resolution. is disturbed during home renovation and re- States to observe the week with appropriate painting; and Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, ceremonies and activities. Whereas lead poisoning crosses all barriers today I urge my colleagues to support f of race, income, and geography: Now, there- passage of the pending resolution, Sen- fore, be it ate Resolution 190, designating October NATIONAL CHILDHOOD LEAD Resolved, That the Senate— 10, 1999, through October 16, 1999, as POISONING PREVENTION WEEK (1) designates the week of October 24, 1999, ‘‘National Cystic Fibrosis Awareness through October 30, 1999, and the week of Oc- Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask tober 22, 2000, through October 28, 2000, as Week.’’ I introduced this legislation in unanimous consent that the Judiciary September and am pleased that it gar- ‘‘National Childhood Lead Poisoning Preven- Committee be discharged from further tion Week’’; and nered such strong bipartisan support consideration of S. Res. 199 and the from my Senate colleagues. I am hope- (2) requests that the President issue a Senate proceed to its immediate con- proclamation calling upon the people of the ful that greater awareness of cystic fi- sideration. United States to observe such day with ap- brosis, CF will lead to a cure. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without propriate programs and activities. Incredibly, CF is the number one ge- objection, it is so ordered. The clerk netic killer in the United States. Ap- f will state the resolution by title. proximately 30,000 Americans suffer from the life-threatening disease. The legislative clerk read as follows: ORDERS FOR TOMORROW Today, the average life expectancy for A resolution (S. Res. 199) designating the Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask week of October 24, 1999, through October 30, someone with CF is 31 years. We must unanimous consent that when the Sen- do what we can to change that. 1999, and the week of October 22, 2000, through October 28, 2000 as ‘‘National Child- ate completes its business today, it ad- I urge my colleagues to support final hood Lead Poisoning Prevention Week.’’ journ until the hour of 9:30 a.m. on passage of this resolution so that we Wednesday, October 20. I further ask can move one step closer to eradicating There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the resolution. consent that on Wednesday, imme- this disease. diately following the prayer, the Jour- Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask AMENDMENT NO. 2318 nal of proceedings be approved to date, unanimous consent that the resolution Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I un- the morning hour be deemed expired, be agreed to, the preamble be agreed derstand Senator REED has an amend- the time for the two leaders be re- to, the motion to reconsider be laid ment at the desk, and I ask for its con- served for their use later in the day, upon the table, and any statements re- sideration. and the Senate then resume debate on lating to S. Res. 190 be printed in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the motion to proceed to S. 1692, the RECORD. clerk will report. partial-birth abortion bill as under the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The legislative clerk read as follows: previous order. objection, it is so ordered. The Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. SPEC- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The resolution (S. Res. 190) was TER], for Mr. REED, proposes an amendment objection, it is so ordered. agreed to. numbered 2318. f The preamble was agreed to. The amendment is as follows: The resolution, with its preamble, On page 2 line 8, strike ‘‘day’’ and insert PROGRAM reads as follows: ‘‘weeks’’. S. RES. 190 Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, for the Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I ask information of all Senators, the Senate Whereas Cystic Fibrosis is the most com- unanimous consent that the amend- mon fatal genetic disease in the United will resume consideration of the mo- ment be agreed to, the resolution, as States, for which there is no known cure; tion to proceed to the partial-birth amended, be agreed to, the preamble be Whereas Cystic Fibrosis, characterized by abortion bill tomorrow morning. By agreed to, and the motion to reconsider digestive disorders and chronic lung infec- previous order, a vote on the motion tions, has been linked to fatal lung disease; be laid upon the table, with no inter- will occur after 20 minutes of debate. Whereas a total of more than 10,000,000 vening action, and any statements re- Therefore, Senators can expect the Americans are unknowing carriers of Cystic lating to the resolution be printed in first vote at 9:50 a.m. If the motion is Fibrosis; the RECORD. Whereas 1 out of every 3,900 babies in the adopted, it is anticipated the Senate United States are born with Cystic Fibrosis; The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without will continue debate on the bill Whereas approximately 30,000 people in the objection, it is so ordered. throughout the day. It is the hope of United States, many of whom are children, The amendment (No. 2318) was agreed the majority leader an agreement can suffer from Cystic Fibrosis; to. be reached with regard to amendments Whereas the average life-expectancy of an The resolution (S. Res. 199), as so that the bill can be completed prior individual with Cystic Fibrosis is age 31; amended, was agreed to. Whereas prompt, aggressive treatment of to the close of business on Thursday. the symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis can extend The preamble was agreed to. The Senate may also consider any ap- the lives of those who suffer with this dis- The resolution, with its preamble, propriations conference reports avail- ease; reads as follows: able for action.