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Iran Human Rights Defenders Report 2019/20
IRAN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS REPORT 2019/20 Table of Contents Definition of terms and concepts 4 Introduction 7 LAWYERS Amirsalar Davoudi 9 Payam Derafshan 10 Mohammad Najafi 11 Nasrin Sotoudeh 12 CIVIL ACTIVISTS Zartosht Ahmadi-Ragheb 13 Rezvaneh Ahmad-Khanbeigi 14 Shahnaz Akmali 15 Atena Daemi 16 Golrokh Ebrahimi-Irayi 17 Farhad Meysami 18 Narges Mohammadi 19 Mohammad Nourizad 20 Arsham Rezaii 21 Arash Sadeghi 22 Saeed Shirzad 23 Imam Ali Popular Student Relief Society 24 TEACHERS Esmaeil Abdi 26 Mahmoud Beheshti-Langroudi 27 Mohammad Habibi 28 MINORITY RIGHTS ACTIVISTS Mary Mohammadi 29 Zara Mohammadi 30 ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVISTS Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation 31 Workers rights ACTIVISTS Marzieh Amiri 32 This report has been prepared by Iran Human Rights (IHR) Esmaeil Bakhshi 33 Sepideh Gholiyan 34 Leila Hosseinzadeh 35 IHR is an independent non-partisan NGO based in Norway. Abolition of the Nasrin Javadi 36 death penalty, supporting human rights defenders and promoting the rule of law Asal Mohammadi 37 constitute the core of IHR’s activities. Neda Naji 38 Atefeh Rangriz 39 Design and layout: L Tarighi Hassan Saeedi 40 © Iran Human Rights, 2020 Rasoul Taleb-Moghaddam 41 WOMEN’S RIGHTS ACTIVISTS Raha Ahmadi 42 Raheleh Ahmadi 43 Monireh Arabshahi 44 Yasaman Aryani 45 Mojgan Keshavarz 46 Saba Kordafshari 47 Nedaye Zanan Iran 48 www.iranhr.net Recommendations 49 Endnotes 50 : @IHRights | : @iranhumanrights | : @humanrightsiran Definition of Terms & Concepts PRISONS Evin Prison: Iran’s most notorious prison where Wards 209, 240 and 241, which have solitary cells called security“suites” and are controlled by the Ministry of Intelligence (MOIS): Ward 209 Evin: dedicated to security prisoners under the jurisdiction of the MOIS. -
Andrej Sakharov 19 Elena Bonner, Compagna Di Vita 21
a cura di Stefania Fenati Francesca Mezzadri Daniela Asquini Presentazione di Stefania Fenati 5 Noi come gli altri, gli altri come noi di Simonetta Saliera 9 L’Europa è per i Diritti Umani di Bruno Marasà 13 Il Premio Sakharov 15 Andrej Sakharov 19 Elena Bonner, compagna di vita 21 Premio Sakharov 2016 25 Nadia Murad Basee Taha e Lamiya Aji Bashar, le ragazze yazide Premio Sakharov 2015 35 Raif Badawi, il blogger che ha criticato l’Arabia Saudita Premio Sakharov 2014 43 Denis Mukwege, il medico congolese che aiuta le donne Premio Sakharov 2013 53 Malala Yousafzai, la ragazza pakistana Premio Sakharov 2012 59 Jafar Panahi, il regista indiano Nasrin Sotoudeh, l’avvocatessa iraniana Premio Sakharov 2011 69 Mohamed Bouazizi - Asmaa Mahfouz - Ali Ferzat - Razan Zaitouneh - Ahmed Al-Sanusi - Le donne e la Primavera araba Glossario 89 Carta dei Diritti Fondamentali dell’Unione Europea 125 Presentazione Stefania Fenati Responsabile Europe Direct Emilia-Romagna Il Premio Sakharov rappresenta un importante momento nel quale ogni anno, dal 1988 ad oggi, la voce dell’Unione europea si fa senti- re contro qualsiasi violazione dei diritti umani nel mondo, e riafferma la necessità di lavorare costantemente per il progresso dell’umanità. Ogni anno il Parlamento europeo consegna al vincitore del Premio Sakharov una somma di 50.000 euro nel corso di una seduta plena- ria solenne che ha luogo a Strasburgo verso la fine dell’anno. Tutti i gruppi politici del Parlamento possono nominare candidati, dopodi- ché i membri della commissione per gli affari esteri, della commis- sione per lo sviluppo e della sottocommissione per i diritti dell’uomo votano un elenco ristretto formato da tre candidati. -
Turkey-Leyla Zana Appeal-Trial Observer-Report-2004
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS Commission internationale de juristes - Comisión Internacional de Juristas " dedicated since 1952 to the primacy, coherence and implementation of international law and principles that advance human rights " REPORT OF THE APPEAL OF LEYLA ZANA AND THREE OTHER KURDISH FORMER PARLIAMENTARIANS Before THE COURT OF CASSATION, ANKARA on 8 July 2004 14 July 2004 October 2004 A report published by the International Commission of Jurists’ (ICJ) Centre for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers (CIJL) Geneva, Switzerland International Commission of Jurists, 81A, avenue de Châtelaine, P.O. Box 216, 1219 Châtelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41(0) 22 979 3800 – Fax: +41(0) 22 979 3801 – Website: http://www.icj.org - E-mail: [email protected] ICJ/CIJL Report of the Appeal of Leyla Zana and Three Other Kurdish Former Parliamentarians before Ankara’s Court of Cassation TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................... 3 II. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 5 III. Legal Framework .............................................................................................................................. 7 IV. The Appeal Hearing .......................................................................................................................... 7 (1) The Layout of the Court .............................................................................................................. -
Prémio Sakharov Para a Liberdade De Pensamento
PRÉMIO SAKHAROV PARA A LIBERDADE DE PENSAMENTO uma edição: www.carloscoelho.eu por Carlos Coelho Deputado ao Parlamento Europeu, Membro da Comissão das Liberdades Cívicas, Justiça e Assuntos Internos PRÉMIO SAKHAROV PARA A LIBERDADE DE PENSAMENTO Nesta pequena edição divulgo o Prémio Sakharov que é um dos instrumentos da União Europeia para promover os Direitos do Homem no Mundo. O Prémio Sakharov recompensa personalidades excepcio- nais que lutam contra a intolerância, o fanatismo e a opres- são. A exemplo de Andrei Sakharov, os laureados com este Pré- mio são ou foram exemplos da coragem que é necessária para defender os Direitos do Homem e a Liberdade de ex- pressão. 2 3 E QUEM FOI ANDREI SAKHAROV? Prémio Nobel da Paz em 1975, o físico russo Andrei Dmitrievitch Sakharov (1921-1989) foi, antes de mais, o inventor da bomba de hidrogénio. O QUE É Preocupado com as consequências dos seus trabalhos para o futuro da humanidade, O PRÉMIO SAKHAROV? procurou despertar a consciência do perigo da corrida ao armamento nuclear. Obteve um êxito parcial com a assinatura do Tratado O “Prémio Sakharov para a Liberdade de Pensamento” é contra os Ensaios Nucleares em 1963. atribuído todos os anos pelo Parlamento Europeu. Criado em 1988, reconhece e distingue personalidades ou entidades Considerado na URSS como um dissidente que se esforçam por defender os Direitos Humanos e as com ideias subversivas, cria, nos anos setenta, liberdades fundamentais. um Comité para a defesa dos direitos do Homem e para a defesa das vítimas políticas. No dia 10 de Dezembro (ou na data mais próxima), o Os seus esforços viriam a ser coroados com o Parlamento Europeu entrega o seu Prémio no valor de Prémio Nobel da Paz em 1975. -
Nowruz Action 2020
Nowruz Action کارزار نوروز new day”) is an ancient holiday celebrated on the first day of“) نوروز The Iranian holiday Nowruz spring in the northern hemisphere to welcome in the new year. On this Nowruz we want to remember several courageous prisoners of conscience and prisoners held for politically motivated reasons in Iran with Nowruz greetings. We ask you to send cards with simple Nowruz greetings You can say “thinking of you at Nowruz time” or نوروز مبارک ”such as “Nowruz mobarak “hoping you are well.” You may send a greeting in either English or Farsi (Persian) but please do not mention Amnesty International or specifics of the recipient’s case. Please also refrain from mentioning the political situation, human rights or U.S.-Iran relations. We suggest sending cards with pictures of landscapes, spring flowers or the like, in keeping with the spirit of the holiday and the message of hope and renewal. Please do not choose cards that have pictures of people, and please do not use cards that depict bottles of wine or other alcoholic beverages or gambling. Traditional Nowruz celebrations include the preparation of a Haft Sin table which literally means the seven s’s. Seven items beginning with the Persian letter Sin (equivalent to the English s) and which represent spring time are set out. To honor this tradition, this year Amnesty International has selected seven cases, prisoners of conscience and prisoners held for politically motivated reasons, who have been identified by Amnesty International as “individuals at risk” and are therefore targeted for intensified campaigning. -
NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW Winter 2012 Vol
NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW Winter 2012 Vol. 25, No. 1 Articles Traveling Violation: A Legal Analysis of the Restrictions on the International Mobility of Athletes Mike Salerno ........................................................................................................1 The Nullum Crimen Sine Lege Principle in the Main Legal Traditions: Common Law, Civil Law, and Islamic Law Defining International Crimes Through the Limits Imposed by Article 22 of the Rome Statute Rodrigo Dellutri .................................................................................................37 When Minority Groups Become “People” Under International Law Wojciech Kornacki ..............................................................................................59 Recent Decisions Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S.A. v. Brown .........................................127 The U.S. Supreme Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause did not permit North Carolina state courts to exercise in personam jurisdiction over a U.S.-based tire manufacturer’s foreign subsidiaries. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. v. Kirtsaeng ..............................................................131 The Second Circuit extended copyright protection to the plaintiff-appellee’s foreign-manufactured books, which the defendant-appellant imported and resold in the United States, pursuant to a finding that the “first-sale doctrine” does not apply to works manufactured outside of the United States. Sakka (Litigation Guardian of) v. Société Air France -
Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019
INSTITUT KURDDE PARIS E Information and liaison bulletin N° 414 SEPTEMBER 2019 The publication of this Bulletin enjoys a subsidy from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Ministry of Culture This bulletin is issued in French and English Price per issue : France: 6 € — Abroad : 7,5 € Annual subscribtion (12 issues) France : 60 € — Elsewhere : 75 € Monthly review Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tel. : 01-48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01-48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: bulletin@fikp.org Information and liaison bulletin Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019 • TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... • TURKEY: MANY DEMONSTRATIONS AFTER FURTHER DISMISSALS OF HDP MAYORS • ROJAVA: TURKEY CONTINUES ITS THREATS • IRAQ: A CONSTITUTION FOR THE KURDISTAN REGION? • IRAN: HIGHLY CONTESTED, THE REGIME IS AGAIN STEPPING UP ITS REPRESSION TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... he Turkish govern- economist. The vice-president of ten points lower than the previ- ment is increasingly the CHP, Aykut Erdoğdu, ous year, with the disagreement embarrassed by the recalled that the Istanbul rate rising from 38 to 48%. On economic situation. Chamber of Commerce had esti- 16, TurkStat published unem- T The TurkStat Statistical mated annual inflation at ployment figures for June: 13%, Institute reported on 2 22.55%. The figure of the trade up 2.8%, or 4,253,000 unem- September that production in the union Türk-İş is almost identical. ployed. For young people aged previous quarter fell by 1.5% HDP MP Garo Paylan ironically 15 to 24, it is 24.8%, an increase compared to the same period in said: “Mr. -
I DIRITTI UMANI ALLA RIBALTA Pubblicazione Sul Premio Sacharov Edita Dal Parlamento Europeo E' Stato Pubblicato a Cura Del Parla
I DIRITTI UMANI ALLA RIBALTA Pubblicazione sul premio Sacharov edita dal Parlamento Europeo E' stato pubblicato a cura del Parlamento europeo un opuscolo sul premio Sacharov 2011. L'edizione, di agevole lettura, propone un excursus sugli individui e le organizzazioni cui dal 1988 ad oggi è stato assegnato il premio, per poi incentrare l'attenzione sui premiati 2011: Asmaa Mahfouz (Egitto), Ahmed al-Zubair Ahmed al-Sanusi (Libia), Razan Zaitouneh (Siria), Ali Farzat (Siria), Mohamed Bouazizi (Tunisia), in considerazione del ruolo decisivo svolto da costoro nella cosiddetta “primavera araba” vissuta dai paesi del nord Africa nel corso dell'anno. Dal 1988, il Parlamento europeo conferisce ogni anno il « Premio Sacharov per la libertà di pensiero » per onorare, personalità o vvero organizzazioni che si sono distinte per il loro impegno a favore dei diritti dell’uomo, delle libertà fondamentali e contro l’oppressione e l’ingiustizia. Andrej Sacharov (1921–1989), fisico membro dell’Accademia delle Scienze, dissidente e premio Nobel per la pace nel 1975. La sua figura ha assunto un certo rilievo non solo perchè egli si impegnava concretamente per la liberazione di dissidenti nel proprio paese, ma affrontava nei suoi scritti anche il rapporto fra scienza e società, coesistenza pacifica e libertà di pensiero. Sacharov è diventato quindi a livello mondiale il simbolo della lotta contro la negazione dei diritti fondamentali. Nello spirito di Sacharov, tutte le personalità che hanno finora ricevuto il premio a lui intitolato testimoniano il grande coraggio, per difendere i diritti dell’uomo e per rivendicarne la validità universale. Quasi sempre il loro impegno per la dignità della persona umana ha comportato grandi sacrifici. -
Nasrin Sotoudeh Has Been Sentenced to 38 Years in Prison and 148 Lashes After Two Grossly Unfair Trials
Third UA: 126/18 Index: MDE 13/0024/2019 Iran Date: 14 March 2019 URGENT ACTION 38 YEARS AND 148 LASHES FOR WOMEN’S RIGHTS DEFENDER Prominent Iranian human rights lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh has been sentenced to 38 years in prison and 148 lashes after two grossly unfair trials. The charges against her stem solely from her peaceful human rights work, including defending women’s rights and her outspoken opposition to the death penalty. TAKE ACTION: WRITE AN APPEAL IN YOUR OWN WORDS OR USE THIS MODEL LETTER Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei C/o Permanent Mission of Iran to the UN Chemin du Petit-Saconnex 28 1209 Geneva, Switzerland Dear Mr Khamenei, Nasrin Sotoudeh, a prominent human rights lawyer and women’s rights defender, has been unjustly sentenced to a total of 38 years in prison and 148 lashes following two grossly unfair trials. I appeal to you to release her as she is a prisoner of conscience. On 9 February 2019, Nasrin Sotoudeh was informed by the office for the implementation of sentences in Tehran’s Evin prison, where she is jailed, that the verdict in her most recent court case had been issued. She was allowed to read the verdict, which convicted her on seven charges and sentenced her to 33 years in prison and 148 lashes. Her trial took place on 30 December 2018 before Branch 28 of the Revolutionary Court in Tehran in her absence. She has not been allowed access to her lawyer. Some of the charges against her are related to her opposition to forced hijab (veiling) laws, including “inciting corruption and prostitution” and “openly committing a sinful act…by appearing in public without a hijab”. -
In New Iranian Cinema
UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM DEPARTMENT OF MEDIA STUDIES MASTER THESIS RETHINKING THE ’TYPICAL’ IN NEW IRANIAN CINEMA A STUDY ON (FEMALE) REPRESENTATION AND LOCATION IN JAFAR PANAHI’S WORK Master in Film and Media Studies Thesis supervisor: Dr. Gerwin van der Pol 2nd reader: Dr. Emiel Martens Date of Completion: 20th May 2019 i ABSTRACT Contemporary Iranian cinema has been acknowledged and praised by film critics, festivals and audiences worldwide. The recent international acclaim that Iranian films have received since the late 1980s, and particularly through the 1990s, show the significance that the films’ exhibition and reception outside Iran has played in the transformation of cinema in Iran, developing certain themes and aesthetics that have become known to be ‘typical’ Iranian and that are the focus of this paper. This survey explores Iranian film culture through the lens of Jafar Panahi and the poetics of his work. Panahi’ films, in past and present, have won numerous prizes within the international festival circuit and have been interpreted by audiences and critics around the world. Although officially banned from his profession since 2010, the Iranian filmmaker has found its ‘own’ creative ways to circumvent the limitations of censorship and express its nation’s social and political issues on screen. After providing a brief historical framework of the history of Iranian cinema since the 1990s, the survey will look at Panahi’s work within two categories. Panahi’s first three feature films will be explored under the aspects of Iranian children’s films, self-reflexivity and female representation(s). With regards to Panahi’s ‘exilic’ position and his current ban on filmmaking, the survey will analyze one of Panahi’s recent self-portrait works to exemplify the filmmaker use of ‘accented’ characteristics in terms of authorship and the meaning of location (open and closed spaces). -
CRS Report for Congress Received Through the CRS Web
96-790 F Updated June 16, 1998 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Kosovo and U.S. Policy Steven Woehrel Specialist in European Affairs Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division Summary Kosovo, a region in southern Serbia, has been the focal point of bitter struggles between Serbs and Albanians for centuries. Leaders of the ethnic Albanian majority in Kosovo say their people will settle for nothing less than complete independence for their region, while almost all Serb political leaders have been adamantly opposed to Kosovo’s independence or even a substantial grant of autonomy to Kosovo. Conflict between ethnic Albanian rebels and Serb police has resulted in over 300 deaths since late February 1998. The United States has spoken out repeatedly against human rights abuses in Kosovo, but does not support Kosovar demands for independence, only an "enhanced status" within the Serbia-Montenegro (the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) that would include meaningful self-administration. The United States and its allies in the international Contact Group (the United States, Russia, Germany, France, Britain and Italy) have used a "carrot-and-stick" approach of sanctions and inducements to stop Serb attacks against civilians and get the two sides to the negotiating table. NATO is reportedly examining options to use force against Serbia-Montenegro if diplomacy and sanctions fail. This report will be updated as events warrant. Background Kosovo, a region in southern Serbia, has a population of 2 million and is one of the poorest regions of the former Yugoslavia.1 It has been the focal point of bitter struggles between Serbs and Albanians for centuries. -
Weekly Newsletter40 191207 View
OMCT-Europe Weekly Newsletter 2007 N°40, 10.12- 19.12.2007 SUMMARY REGIONS: AFRICA Chad Conflict in eastern Chad (13/12/2007) AMERICAS United States of America Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the formal abolition of the death penalty in the State of New Jersey, USA (17/12/2007) ASIA China EU-China: Beijing summit and human rights dialogue (13/12/2007) Japan Use of sex slaves by Japanese forces in World War II (13/12/2007) Pakistan Javier Solana, EU High Representative for the CFSP, welcomes the lifting of the state of emergency in Pakistan (15/12/2007) ► Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the lifting of the state of emergency on Pakistan (18/12/2007) EUROPE (OUTSIDE OF UE ) AND CIS MAGHREB AND MIDDLE EAST Algeria EU Presidency Statement on recent attacks in Algiers (11/12/2007) ( FR ) Javier Solana, Haut Representant de l’Union européenne pour la PESC, condamne les attentats perpétrés à Alger (11/12/2007) The President of the European Parliament condemns bomb attacks in Algiers (11/12/2007) Lebanon EU Presidency statement on the assassination of General Hajj in Lebanon (12/12/2007) Javier Solana, EU High Representative for the CFSP, condemns the terrorist attack in Beirut (11/12/2007) Saudi Arabia Women’s rights in Saudi Arabia (13/12/2007) Iran EU Presidency Statement on the Supreme Court's decision concerning the death sentences on Mohammad Latif, Ali Mahin Torabi and Hossein Haghi (17/12/2007) THEMATIC : FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVES JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS EXTERNAL