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University Microfilms INFORMATION TO USERS This dissertation was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document ‘ photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. MASTERS THESIS M-4426 POWERS, Richard L., PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND ADMIRALTY ISLAND, ALASKA: EFFECTS OF INTEREST GROUPS ON NATURAL RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS. University of Alaska, M.P.A., 1972 Political Science, public administration University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan © 1973 RICnARD L. POWERS ALL RIGI-rrS RESERVED THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND ADMIRALTY ISLAND, ALASKA: EFFECTS OF INTEREST GROUPS ON NATURAL RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION by Richard L. Powers Juneau, Alaska May 14, 1972 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND ADMIRALTY ISLAND, ALASKA: EFFECTS OF INTEREST GROUPS ON NATURAL RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS APPROVED: A ROBERT E. NEWTON, CHAIRMAN ORGE W. ROGERS . , A - A A A : JOHN M. HILPERT V RONALD E. CHINN, Head Department of Political Science />?' APPROVED: sC-S^Cr , t ///. <— Date BENJAMIN M. PER IE S, Dean of the^College of Business, Economics and Government KENNETH M. RAE * Vice President for Research and Advanced Study iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have i nd i st i net print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people, their ideas and labors, were of indispensable assistance in the writing of this paper. Dr. Robert E. Newton, serving as thesis director, was a major stimulus, providing utmost depth to the design of this project. Discussions with Rich Gordon, John Hall, and Reg Barrett led to the selection of the subject and to the availability of resource material. In acting as a sounding board for the writer's ideas, Bill Overdorff, Bud Boddy, A1 Harris, Jim Knode, Karl Lane Rich Billings, and Lyle Jack deserve credit. A special debt is due Pete Corey for taking the time to review and comment on the many revisions; and to Stella without whose continued efforts and support, this paper could not have been written. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CCi; IGATS li-rrito-vucrioii................................. .... _. i Chapter I. A •.'•lA'i'UAAL I'ESCRIfllCW 01 A; -R IAAL11 ISLAC- . 4 II. HISTORICAL USES OFA -‘Fi I HALT if I SLAT • ............ 30 III. 4.) i yn.ii . I C c lviA. i Ac »e c 1. « . 33 1 v . rCVLIC I-i/CL J I.\ ISS’JEo CG:-GEhn InG AT-iRALTY IS LA C - .............................. 82 cGGwLUS Ic,:i ..................................................... 130 At irii- Jl.i A. Summary of Public Administrative Actions concerning Admiralty Island ............ 133 b. Summary of Probable effects on resources or uses of various management Treatments of Admiralty Island ......................... 134 blsLlGGRARhT..... ............................................... 139 I ALLA OF FIG URLS i igure 1. Location L a p ..................................... 3 2. cap of Admiralty Island ............................ 5 3. diagram of an e c o s y s t e m...........................13 4. distribution of Energy Production in Relation to Wet Forests and Estuaries (Admiralty Island) . 14 5. block diagram of a RepresentativeWatershed .... 22 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. L I S f 0i' rALSS Table Fage 1. S unwary of uio^m -utover Areas on Admiralty Island........................................... 52 2. Lane Use and Status Summary for Private Lands, Administrative -eserves and Soecial L sa ^ccupancy Sites ................................. 64 .3. Administrative Stud/ Summary.......................70 v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. INTRODUCTION Admiralty Island encompasses approximately five percent of the national forest lands in Alaska. Located in the Alexander Archipelago in the southeastern region of the state (see Figure I), the island's wild lands are managed by the Chatham Ranger District on the North Tongass National Forest. Still sparsely populated and undeveloped, Admiralty Island is known to the American public as a focal point of land use controversy in the state of Alaska. Resource planning on the island has been conducted on a broad basis with large areas being dedicated to specific uses as demands arise. Characteristic of public land manage­ ment policies in the state, there has been little intensive land management on Admiralty Island. Budgetary and staffing limitations have historically posed problems. Of these, the lack of reliable data upon which to base management decisions would be the most prominent. Knowledge concerning the potential uses and values of Admiralty Island's land resources is only now reaching a stage of maturity which would allow an ordering of priorities and a rational decision making process. This study on public involvement in the resource allocation process will explore the various social and political inputs which have to date influenced land use decisions on Admiralty Island. Chapter 1 will provide a description of the island - 1- Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 2 which is based on natural science research available. The impact of environmental factors on land use will be emphasized. Chapter 11 will explore the historical uses of the island to provide a framework for current resource tinders tending. Chapter 111 will trace the evolution of Forest Service public land management policies concerning Admiralty Island. Chapter IV will explore the range of interest groups inputs into the decision making process. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. i\ ,59*— ,\ ^ADMIRALTY ISLAND ■t&j# 132® Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Chapter I A NATURAL DESCRIPTION OF ADMIRALTY ISLAND Admiralty Island can be described as a unique geo­ graphic unit. It is isolated and virtually autonomous, surrounded by Stephens Passage to the north and east, Frederick Sound to the south, and Chatham Strait to the west. In Figure 2 the island is shown in relation to adjacent water and land bodies. Admiralty Island is one of the largest islands in the Alexander Archipelago of southeast Alaska. It is approximately ninety-six miles long and slightly over thirty miles wide at its widest point, and totals over one million acres or 1,664 square miles. The perimeter of the island is very irregular with about 678 miles of coastline. Over twenty-seven bays and inlets are formed. The terrain is rough and mountainous with the highest peaks ranging up to 4,650 feet in elevation.1- Two small recessional glaciers remain near the head of Lake Florence Creek as reminders of the tremendous ice flows that once covered the island to a depth of 4,000 feet. A number of large lakes occupy glacial cirques and valleys and are particularly concentrated near the geographical center of the island. The northern end of 1U. S. Forest Service, "Facts on Admiralty Is land. Alaska*1. (Tongass National Forest, Alaska Region, 1968), p. 1. -4- Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Figure 2. \ \ 1 / s ^ C v C. r,fS Fiv*Finger Artnahdo1iir^lT^.y(.j^^^^>)LuilP+. ftx^^'^'^iv A ^ ^ ^ S ‘^y ^Ay,\ •>.'*' ^ >k f>+. T^w ; Whrtn©'u S t o r m l j \ ■Pan&lbiyfl baj> ‘M 5 t o f c w s “ r HigN^r *P-l J ,-^S£acZ ^ T > « l r * 1 >■ iu/wwor W m l^/BrigMrMn f - ^ rX>KyjPS*.rx -p , X'' < Bandei /( BqoW \ y OAiKske p 1 9 Macai -~J fij t\>*rr. + Lazflria I Cope ;> bird ResJ Buruno, f*CorrWU %/ “S’ Peiaarf¥z Mead. ~’ ‘ " ?t •Saccv.foA B io r k o Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner.
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