Annual Report

Resilience and Economic Growth in the Sahel - Enhanced Resilience REPUBLICS OF NIGER and BURKINA FASO REGIS-ER

Annual Report

OCTOBER 1, 2018 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 2019

November, 2019

Cooperative Agreement No. 625-A-14-00001 Blvd. Mali Béro, Rue IB-73 B.P. 12 909, NIAMEY Tel.: (227) 20.35.16.48

Table of Contents

I. Executive summary ...... 3

II. Overview of indicators on Sustainability Strategy : Successful Activities and Local Institutions ...... 6

III. Achievements of Local Institutions ...... 9 Local Institution 1 - Municipal Councils (CMs) ...... 9 Local Institution 2: Citizen Working Groups (CWGs) and Local Development Committees / Village Development Councils (CLDs / CVDs) ...... 12 Local Institution 3: Service Provider Platforms -- Community-Based Solution Providers (CBSPs) and Local Resource Persons (PRLs) ...... 18

IV. Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning and Capitalization ...... 23 Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 23 Learning and Capitalization ...... 24

V. Securing land tenure for women ...... 28

VI. Cross-cutting activities ...... 31 Communications ...... 31 Implementation of the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) ...... 32

VII. Project management ...... 34 Program Support ...... 34 Grants Management ...... 35 Cost Share ...... 35 Effects of the Security Situation on Project Management and Operations ...... 36

VIII. Appendices ...... 38 Annex 1: Table on Indicators of Project Performance ...... 39 Annex 2: Status of the PCPRs...... 67 Annex 3: Success story...... 69

Annex 4: List of communes of non-concentration where exit ...... 71 and capitalization workshops took place in March-April 2019 ...... 71 Annex 5: Recommendations of the participants presented before the Minister of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development ...... 71 Annex 6: Commitments made by the DFSAs at the September 2019 workshop to share REGIS- ER’s experience on PCPRs in Maradi and Zinder Regions ...... 73 Annex 7: Collaboration with Other Projects and Government Technical Services...... 74

List of tables: Table 1: Status of Indicators related to the Sustainability Strategy on Successful Activities as of 30 September 2019 Table 2: Status of Performance Indicators related to Local Institutions (ILs) Table 3: Summary of contracts signed with the Citizen Working Groups and the CVD / CLD Table 4: Summary of contracts signed with platforms and community CBSPs and PRLs Table 5: Estimate of turnover (turnover) from services provided by the CBSPs according to the type of activity during the fiscal year 2019 Table 6: Success stories developed in FY19 Table 7: Summary of new sites secured in Niger during 2019 in the communes of concentration Table 8: Status of APFRs as of July 31, 2019 (source: SFR in three communes) Table 9: Estimated revenue generated in relation to the issuance of APFRs in the communes (source: ONF- BF) Table 10: Summary of national media coverage Table 11: Breakdown of project staff at key stages of 2019 Table 12: List of sub-grants and large grants closed as of September 30, 2019 Table 13: Local and international implementing partners extended through September 30, 2020 Table 14: Summary of Cost Share Contributions as of 30 September 2019

I. Executive summary Implementation of the Sustainability Strategy In Fiscal Year 2019 (FY19), REGIS-ER completed its transition from direct field implementation (by program) to an implementing mode outlined in its sustainability strategy and based on coaching three local institutions (IL) in its 13 communes of concentration. (The format of REGIS-ER’s Quarterly and Annual Reports in FY19 reflect this change.) The project signed coaching contracts with all three ILs (listed below) in each commune in order to help them achieve their objectives, including taking ownership of the consolidation and scaling-up of successful resilience activities and best practices, and improve their performance, including providing support to communities on the journey to self-reliance. This report summarizes REGIS-ER’s performance in terms of achieving its contractual targets/indicators, and those which are related to the successful activities and local institutions:

- Municipal Councils (CM): After having coordinated the development of Commune Resilience Plans (Plan Communal pour la Promotion de la Résilience, PCPR), the CMs of the 12 initial communes of concentration started using this document with projects and partners that intervene in their communes and government technical services. Seven CMs have officially adopted their PCPR, and four others will validate their PCPR soon. (The case of Gayéri, the other commune of concentration, is explained in the report.) CMs have taken strategic ownership and have begun to coordinate initiatives to promote resilience in their communes, not only by seeking partners, but also by guiding those partners that wish to intervene in their communes. Filingué, the thirteenth commune of concentration, was added during the second quarter of FY19 and has reached the first stage of developing its PCPR. - Citizen Work Groups (CWG) and their partners at the community level, Local Development Committees (Niger) and Village Development Councils (Burkina Faso) [CLD / CVD]: CWGs made progress in terms of their operating capacity (holding regular meetings, planning, monitoring, and evaluating activities) and institutionalization (recognition of their roles by communes and communities). They now occupy a major place in the communes, serving as a link between the CLD/CVDs and the CM. REGS-ER’s close at hand coaching of the CLD/CVDs has also helped to revitalize these village structures which now have the capacity and motivation to contribute to the development of their village not only in a technical sense, but are also accountable to their communities and the CWG. Beyond the resilience sector, CWGs and CLDs / CVDs have become real drivers of local development and social cohesion in their communes and communities. - Service Provider Platforms: These platforms have significantly improved their operational capacity and visibility with local stakeholders. They relied on the support of the CLD/CVDs to provide information on the aggregated input needs of their villages for the main growing season and for livestock activities. This allowed the platforms to obtain their first bulk orders. Individual Community-Based Solution Providers (CBSPs) and Local Resource Persons (PRLs) also provided goods and services to members of their communities through individual orders.

In FY19, REGIS-ER also reviewed its monitoring and evaluation system and identified 18 performance indicators to better measure progress throughout the implementation of its sustainability strategy (Stratégie pour le Renforcement de la Durabilité, SRD). Two key studies enabled one to evaluate the efficiency of REGIS-ER's investments and capacity building efforts as well as the changes attributable to project activities and the degree of ownership by change agents: NCBA CLUSA’s Outcome Harvesting study and the external “Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of USAID Resilience in the Sahel Enhanced (RISE)”, commissioned by USAID. The CBA showed that “the overall outcome of REGIS-ER’s interventions in both Burkina Faso and Niger is positive... the project generates in aggregate … an ERR [economic rate of

3 return] of 29.7%.” In other words, REGIS-ER’s rate of return was almost two and a half times greater than “USAID’s benchmark discount rate of 12%”!

REGIS-ER devoted considerable attention and resources to Collaborating, Learning, and Adapting (CLA) in FY19, organizing over a dozen learning workshops at the central and regional levels to highlight the progress and performance of the three ILs with government and traditional authorities, technical services, and partner projects working in the same areas. The project did so in a spirit of transparency and accountability and to encourage the continuation of resilience activities, especially in communes from which it withdrew in FY19. As the project concluded its various programs from the scaling-up phase in order to focus on governance, primarily the promotion of local institutions, and its interventions in certain communes and regions during the course of the year, it shared its experiences and strengthened its collaborative activities with key partners and stakeholders. Here are some of the major events around which that occurred: - the conclusion of REGIS-ER’s eight programs at the end of 2018: In October 2018, the project held a workshop in each country to capitalize its experience and showcase results of its Hygiene and Sanitation (P7) and Community-based Health and Nutrition (P8) programs which consortium partner URC had led. - the conclusion of REGIS-ER’s partnership with the National Observatory of Land Tenure in Burkina Faso (ONF-BF): On July 25, 2019, REGIS-ER, in collaboration with the Water Security & Resilience Activity (WSRA), held a workshop sponsored by the Ministry of Agriculture and Hydro- Agricultural Development to share the results of its support for land tenure in BF. - the project’s withdrawal from 12 communes on December 31, 2018: In late 2018 and early 2019, REGIS-ER organized a series of exit workshops with local institutions, government technical services, and project partners. - the project’s withdrawal from five communes in three regions (Zinder, Maradi and Centre-Nord) on September 30, 2019: In the latter half of September 2019, REGIS-ER organized an exit workshop in each region. The various RISE II partners that intervene in those regions attended the workshops. - the start-up of the four Development Food Security Activities (DFSAs) and other RISE II projects, such as WSRA, throughout FY19: In April 2019, REGIS-ER organized a workshop in BF, at USAID’s request, to present its sustainability strategy to RISE II partners. In September 2019, REGIS-ER organized a workshop in Zinder for the three DFSAs in Niger. The goal of these workshops was to (a) ensure that the new projects were aware of REGIS-ER’s work in the communes where they intervene and of the results achieved by the communities; (b) share the promising initial results of implementation of REGIS-ER’s sustainability strategy; and (c) enable ILs to build on these achievements as they collaborated with RISE II projects.

In terms of its human resources and in line with its sustainability strategy and its narrower geographic focus, the project reduced its workforce at the central and regional levels at two different times in FY19: in December 2018 and in August-September 2019. The first reduction in force stemmed from REGIS-ER’s December 2018 withdrawal from 12 communes in the two countries, in accordance with its close-out strategy for the No Cost Extension (NCE) period, which was scheduled to end on December 31, 2019; the second stemmed from REGIS-ER’s withdrawal from five communes of concentration in the Regions of Centre-Nord (BF) and Maradi, and Zinder (NG) on September 30, 2019. (In April 2019, USAID awarded NCBA CLUSA with a Cost Extension [CE] so that the project could contribute to the Sahel Development Partnership [SDP], which led REGIS-ER to revise its close-out strategy accordingly.) This, of course, had a significant impact on NCBA CLUSA’s consortium partners and on other partner organizations. At various points in the course of FY19, NCBA CLUSA closed out its agreements with five consortium partners (URC,

A2N, AREN, APOR, and ADROC) and two grant recipients (the National Observatory of Land Tenure in Burkina Faso [ONF-BF] and PRACTICA Foundation).

After having been awarded the Cost Extension, NCBA CLUSA submitted to USAID a revised work plan for the remainder of FY19 (essentially the final quarter of the year). In accordance with SDP priorities, the workplan focused on a new target group: young people. The project adopted USAID’s Positive Youth Development (PYD) framework and in late July 2019, it conducted a Training of Trainers on how to apply the PYD approach in the field for staff who would later coach local institutions on this.

Lastly, FY19 saw a surge in insecurity in four of REGIS-ER’s regions of intervention: Centre-Nord, Sahel, and Est (Burkina Faso) and Tillabéri (Niger). The deterioration in the security situation was particularly rapid in BF and it forced the project to limit travel for project staff and to adapt its mode of intervention by developing innovative ways of working. In Tillabéri, the project was able to continue working with less disruption.

II. Overview of indicators on Sustainability Strategy : Successful Activities and Local Institutions Table 1: Status of Indicators related to the Sustainability Strategy on Successful Activities as of 30 September 2019

Maradi Tillabéri Tillabéri Zinder Dori Fada Kaya Total FY19 Completion Performance Activity North South / (Sahel) (Est) (Centre- Perfor- Target rate * Indicator Balleyara Nord) mance FY19 Percentage of Habbanayé animals placed that continue Habbanayé 91.3% 100% 98% 85.6% 100% 99.5% 81.6% 93.9% 90% 104% to serve vulnerable people in target communities Conservation Number of producers Farming-Farmer- who continued Managed Natural 2 747 752 3 110 5 235 728 8 418 13 930 34 920 30 652 114% practicing CF-FMNR in Regeneration the target communes (CF-FMNR) Percentage of Oasis Gardens and Gardens 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 0% 0% 65% 75% 87% community sites with secure land tenure Number of SECCA groups that continue to mobilize savings 228 55 229 313 58 123 203 1 209 Self-Managed and provide credit to Community their members Savings and Loan 1 565 93% Number of new System SECCA groups that (SECCA) mobilize savings and 125 4 68 35 2 8 0 242 provide credit to their members Community-Led Number of villages Total Sanitation 4 7 13 29 1 5 5 64 45 142% that maintain Open (CLTS)

Defecation Free (ODF) status in 2019 Percentage of MtM 124.7% Mother-to- groups that continue 108.1% 102% (including Mother to work closely with 100% (including 93.5% (including 42% 93.5% 93.1% 100% 93% 24.7% (MtM) Husband Schools and 8.1% new) 2% new) new) other actors Number of old Soil and Water villages practicing CES 0 0 25 6 11 37 29 108 Conservation/ / DRS technologies Soil Protection 80 175% and Restoration Number of new (CES/DRS) villages practicing CES 5 1 15 5 5 1 0 32 / DRS technologies Percentage of water management committees Water Services established or 81% 100% 70% 100% 100% 60% 54% 80% 50% 160% revitalized that continue to play their role Number of CLs Local integrated into Com- Conventions 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 6 17% mune Development (CLs) Plans (PDCs/PCDs)

* The numbers in red in the last column, titled "completion rate", indicate that the gap between the total performance in FY19 and the FY19 target exceeds ten percent (i.e., the completion rate is < 90% or > 110% relative to the target).

The project has achieved a completion rate of 100% on five of the nine successful activities and 93% on two of the nine activities (which is within the aforementioned ten percent range), but has not reached 90% on the two remaining activities. (The project nearly reached this threshold on the garden activity [achieving a completion rate of 87%], but the result on Local Conventions [CLs] was well below the threshold -- only 17%.) In all, the project has assisted 17 communes in developing Local Conventions, 11 of which have been signed by Prefects (NG departments) and High Commissioners (BF provinces). However, thus far, only one of those CLs has been incorporated into the Commune Development Plan (PDC [NG] / PCD [BF]). The main impediment has been that the vast majority of PDC/PCDs have expired, so those communes must first update their plans, which is a fairly complex and lengthy process. This situation also explains why the project has not yet been able to facilitate the incorporation of any Commune Resilience Plans into PDC/PCDs. (See the table on the next page.)

Table 2: Status of Performance Indicators related to Local Institutions (ILs)

Performance Indicator Situation on Capacity Building of Local Institutions as of 30 September 2019 FY19 Com- Tillabéri Tillabéri Zinder Maradi Total Dori Fada Kaya Total FY19 Target pletion North South Niger BF Total Rate* Number of CMs that have achieved one 90% higher level of institutional capacity (self- 1 2 2 0 5 2 0 2 4 9 10

assessments) Number of communes of concentration that have integrated their PCPRs and contingency 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0% plans into their PDC/PCDs Number of CWGs that have implemented 1 3 2 1 7 2 2 2 6 13 8 163% their action plans Number of CWGs with a resource mobilization strategy for their continued 0 0 2 1 3 2 0 0 2 5 6 83% operation Number of CLD/CVDs that have begun scaling-up at least 5 of the 9 successful 5 23 45 21 94 11 6 30 47 141 300 47% resilience activities Number of CLD/CVDs that collect and 12 70 45 21 148 22 39 37 98 246 300 82% transmit data on activities to the CWG

Number of platforms (commune level) that received business orders from at least 2 1 1 1 1 4 2 0 2 4 8 8 100% institutions during the year Percentage of platform members that achieved a greater annual income compared 95% 73% 75% 65% 77% 86% 63% 87% 79% 78% 60% 130% to the previous fiscal year Number of CLD/CVDs that continue to use PRL services to consolidate and scale-up 12 70 45 21 148 22 40 37 99 247 300 82% successful activities * The numbers in red in the last column, titled "completion rate", indicate that the gap between the total performance in FY19 and the FY19 target exceeds ten percent (i.e., the completion rate result is < 90% or > 110% relative to the target).

III. Achievements of Local Institutions Local Institution 1 - Municipal Councils (CMs) During FY19, REGIS-ER continued to support Municipal Councils (CMs) in the 12 communes of concentration (Filingué was added at the beginning of 2019, per USAID’s request) through a coaching approach, reflecting a major change in the project’s interventions and in line with the Sustainability Strategy (SRD). The project signed a coaching contract with each of the 12 CMs to improve their ownership and performance in relation to resilience to food and nutrition insecurity (Résilience à l’Insécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, RIAN). This approach facilitates the transfer of skills and improved performance monitoring of CMs. The contractual commitments mainly involve the following: - the implementation of the RIAN actions selected by the CM; - the intensification of successful activities and best practices in other villages in the commune (other than REGIS-ER's "successful villages"); - the increase in resources allocated to RIAN; - the incorporation of the Commune Resilience Plans (PCPR) and the Local Conventions (CL) into the Commune Development Plans (Plan de Développement Communal [Niger] / Plan Communal de Développement [Burkina], PDC / PCD); - the mobilization of internal and external resources for the implementation of the PCPR; - the promotion of the payment of water services based on an operating statement/account; - the establishment of feedback / information sharing mechanisms between the CM and the population (their constituents); and - collaboration with the Citizens Work Group (CWG), and the service providers’ (CBSPs’) platform for coordinating RIAN interventions. Commune Resilience Plan and its incorporation into the PDC / PCD By the end of FY19, 11 communes (Filingué being the exception) had a PCPR. The preparation process of the PCPRs involved about a hundred internal and external actors per commune. The concerns of all the actors are considered, thus making the PCPR a unifying global document. The process started during the first quarter of FY19 in 11 of the 13 communes, the two remaining communes being special cases: - Gayéri (BF), where the PCPR is being developed as the commune’s PCD is being updated; and - Filingué (Niger), where the process started in August 2019. The participatory preparation of the PCPR has been particularly appreciated in the communes, as well as by the local institutions, technical services and partner projects. Six teams of consultants improved the quality of the document (form and content) and proposed a resource mobilization strategy. The finished products were shared with, and validated by, each commune.

All the steps of preparing the PCPR have been completed in 11 of the 13 communes of concentration for FY19 (see the table in Appendix 2). The Municipal Councils of seven communes have formally adopted their PCPR: Guidan-Roumdji, Sakoira, Bandé, Droum, Tagazar, Tondikandia (all in Niger) and Sebba (BF). Five others have validated theirs: Seytenga, Bouroum, Barsalogho, and Manni (all in BF).

The PCPR is a lever in the implementation of REGIS-ER's sustainability strategy. It is a means of dealing with resilience issues in commune planning. It integrates and capitalizes the gains made in resilience to food and nutrition insecurity and in their scaling up. It is also an exercise that allows communes to take ownership of the planning, implementation and monitoring of RIAN actions. In addition, the PCPR is an advocacy and lobbying tool for resource mobilization.

The initial results of REGIS-ER’s coaching, as CMs take actions to improve resilience and governance Each coaching contract with CMs is based on the results of their self-assessments which measure their ability to fulfill their resilience and governance responsibilities, with the objective of improving the CMs’ level of performance and institutional capacity. This self-assessment exercise focuses on the following: a) mechanisms put in place to promote RIAN; b) actions initiated or supported to strengthen RIAN; and c) promotion of citizen engagement on RIAN. In their first self-assessments in July-August 2018, the CMs committed to improving their performance. Eleven of the 12 CMs that started the process (with the exception of Gayéri, where the project was unable to facilitate the self-assessment due to the security context) conducted a second self-assessment in May-June 2019. The CMs’ perception of their own performance improved significantly. This progress can be explained overall by: the preparation of the PCPR; the start of its implementation; their deliberations and decrees; and the operating authority that they delegated to the CWG, which gradually ensures the consolidation and scaling up of RIAN achievements. CMs have already taken concrete measures that reflect this real progress and a high degree of ownership. For example: - In Sebba (Sahel Region, BF), the Municipal Council appointed the First Deputy Mayor as its focal point for resilience. It also succeeded in persuading the project "Sustainable enhancement of resilience to food and nutrition insecurity among communities and vulnerable people in Yagha Province” (RESA), implemented by the NGO Humanité & Inclusion (ex-Handicap International), to adopt a sustainable habbanayé operation piloted by the commune instead of simply giving small ruminants to beneficiaries. (See the success story in Appendix 3). All 18 villages of the commune and the five districts of Sebba benefited from the placement of the animals. In total, 77 households - 57 in the aforementioned villages - received one male and four females apiece. The members of the CWG, coached by REGIS-ER, were part of the beneficiary selection committee, alongside the RESA project staff.

- Some activities in the PCPR of Seytenga Commune (Sahel region, BF) are already being funded by partner organizations and projects present during the preparation of the PCPR. These include the development of a 20 ha Soil and Water Conservation/ Soil Protection and Restoration (CES / DRS) site in Lamana village by FAO, and the placement of 120 goats in two REGIS-ER villages and 60 rams in two “non-REGIS-ER” villages by a project called “Integration and Socio-Economic Stabilization of Youth and Women in Séno Province”, implemented by the NGO A2N (a former member of the REGIS-ER consortium). In addition, the Seytenga CM decided to allocate 1,000,000 CFA (over $1,700) from the commune budget to habbanayé and placed 45 animals in three villages (two where REGIS-ER intervenes and one where it does not).

- In Bandé commune (Zinder Region, NG), the mayor solved a recurring problem – the breakdown of the generator that supplies water to the commune capital. REGIS-ER’s coaching encouraged the mayor to demonstrate accountability to his citizens and to demand it of the Delegate, to whom the management of the commune’s water service had been delegated. The mayor held a meeting to discuss this issue with two municipal councilors, the Delegate, the Secretary of SMEA (the structure with operating authority for the municipal water and sanitation service), and the President of the AUSPE (Public Water Service Users Association). In the end, the Delegate agreed to pay the unpaid bills as soon as possible to the commune and the participants at the meeting agreed that this amount would be used to improve the quality of service by rehabilitating certain installations and buying a new generator, per the minutes of the meeting.

- In Maradi Region (NG), Guidan Roumdji’s CM asked the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) for a grant to support the implementation of its PCPR, specifically the development of three

vegetable gardens whose total area was 4.5 hectares. The MCA agreed not only to fund the completion of the infrastructure in the three gardens, but also proposed to extend the total area to 15 hectares and give priority to beneficiaries already identified by REGIS-ER. The CM also obtained an agreement in principle from MCA and the International Fund for Agricultural Development-funded Family Farming Development Program (ProDAF), to cover the recovery and development of 10,000 ha of degraded lands for pastoral purposes. Updating the PDC/PCD and Incorporating the PCPR into it For CMs, incorporating the PCPR into their PDC/PCDs, which have expired or will soon do so, remains a major challenge. Only Tagazar and Sakoira among the 13 communes have updated their PDCs. Updating PDC/PCDs is a prerequisite for incorporating CLs, PCPRs, or any other operational strategy. The process involves a relatively restrictive national procedure for the communes, given their internal financial capacities. REGIS-ER put in place procedures to support the updating of PDC/PCDs that take into account the incorporation of PCPRs, CLs and the concerns of young people. This process has incentivized CMs to find resources for updating their PDC/PCD. The status of the PDC/PCD updating process is as follows: - In its budget for FY19, Guidan Roumdji’s CM (Maradi region, NG) included a line item for the updating of its PDC. The CM plans to invite partners to a round table to seek external funding to complement its own resources allocated to this activity. To this end, it created a committee that developed terms of reference for updating the PDC and organizing the round table.

- In Tillabéri Region (NG), the process of updating the PDCs of Tondikandia and Filingué and of two other communes from which REGIS-ER has withdrawn (Imanan and Kourtèye) is in progress. In September 2019, the project promoted the establishment of a central committee with four members (the Ministry of Land Use Planning and Community Development; the World Bank- funded Disaster Risk Management and Urban Development Project [PGRC-DU]; the NGO CDR, the PGRC-DU implementing partner; and REGIS-ER) to ensure synergies in support for updating the PDCs in these four communes. The committee will define the nature of the collaboration between the two projects and reinforce quality assurance of the process. Thus, the committee will organize meetings to consult and exchange ideas with the mayors about the approach to be used and will participate in the launch workshop, the debriefing on the participatory diagnosis, and the meeting where draft of the updated PDC will be presented. The committee members agreed on actions to support the process, taking into account the CL, the PCPR and the theme Peace, Security and Youth. This process should be completed by the end of December 2019, but the recent dissolution of the Filingué CM and appointment of a new PGRC-DU Coordinator could delay it.

- In Gayéri (Est Region, BF), the updating of the PCD and the simultaneous incorporation of the CL and the PCPR are in progress. The security situation has impeded the process by preventing the commune from mobilizing resources internally, which led the Mayor to seek REGIS-ER’s financial assistance. In August 2019, REGIS-ER agreed to contribute financially to the aforementioned process.

- The PCDs of Sebba and Seytenga Communes (Sahel Region, BF) expired in 2013! The mayors sought the assistance of partners such as FAO, UNICEF, and the project “Technical Assistance on Delegating Operating Authority / Communication and Visibility” (AMOC-COM) (which is part of the Sahel emergency program for the Sahel) to fund the updating of their PCDs. The CMs and REGIS-ER are discussing the organization of a round table to bring together the various partners so as to confirm commitments made and ensure the funding is adequate to launch the process.

Support and synergy of action with the CWG All 13 CMs of the communes of concentration have delegated the coordination of RIAN activities to the CWGs. The CWGs’ main responsibilities include collecting and sharing data reported by the CLD/CVDs, organization of sensitization caravans, organization of animal asset transfers, and scaling up successful activities and best practices. This clearly shows that CMs understand the value of CWGs which fill a noticeable gap between the villages and the commune.

Eleven of the 13 communes have provided an office to the CWGs and access to certain resources (fuel and transportation for field missions and office supplies for the collection and processing of data) to assist the CWGs to fulfill their objectives. The communes have also allocated financial resources to the CWGs in their budgets and have linked the CWGs to various partners. For example: - Guidan Roumdji's CM voted to authorize the Executive Committee of the commune to purchase a motorcycle and make it available to the CWG, to fund CWG field missions in 21 villages, and to support the scaling up of successful activities (60 goats placed in three new villages). The CM also negotiated with the Red Cross to fund monthly CWG meetings.

- In Bandé (NG), the CM, the CWG, and the Canton Chief jointly organized a sensitization session with merchants on the mobilization of market tax revenues and the reorganization and use of space in Bandé market for agricultural products. This market is more organized and cleaner and thus more welcoming to customers and more profitable for the commune.

- In Tondikandia Commune (Tillabéri Region, NG), the CM and the CWG jointly organized a sanitation competition rewarding the cleanest neighborhoods and households. This initiative was very successful.

- The Sebba CM supported the CWG in preparing several broadcasts on the radio station that operates in the commune about the successful resilience activities and the local convention.

Local Institution 2: Citizen Working Groups (CWGs) and Local Development Committees / Village Development Councils (CLDs / CVDs)

During FY19, REGIS-ER stepped up support to the CWGs and CLDs/CVDs of the 13 communes of concentration for the implementation of resilience activities. The project’s support is based on a coaching contract with each and every institution and is multi-faceted, involving a) building capacity/ coaching; b) gaining official recognition of the CWGs; c) taking ownership for consolidating and scaling- up RIAN achievements; d) utilizing PRLs; e) mobilizing resources; and f) collaborating with ILs and other partners. This method of supporting these ILs has enabled the project to achieve impressive results.

Table 3: Summary of contracts signed between REGIS-ER and Citizen Work Groups and CVDs/CLDs

Country Citizen Work Number of Number of CLDs/CVDs by Commune of Groups CLDs/CVDs Concentration Niger 7 137 Bandé: 25, Droum: 20, Guidan Roumdji: 21, (7 communes of Tagazar: 25, Tondikandia: 24, Filingué: 9, concentration) Sakoira: 13. Burkina Faso 6 99 Sebba: 10, Seytenga: 12, Manni: 30, Gayéri: (6 communes of 10, Barsalogho: 25, Bouroum: 12 concentration) Total 13 236

Building capacity/coaching CWGs and CLDs/CVDs In January-February 2019, REGIS-ER organized a series of meetings with each of its clients to agree on the content of the coaching contracts and to obtain the client’s full commitment. The project provided guidance to the CWGs as they developed their resource mobilization strategies. Some members of the Executive Committee of the CWGs and CLDs/CVDs of the target communes of the Sahel Development Partnership (SDP) -- the eight communes of concentration in Sahel, Est and Tillabéri Regions -- benefited from training on Positive Youth Development (PYD) to integrate this dimension into their action plans.

REGIS-ER’s coaching aimed to equip the CWG and their CLD/CVD partners/constituent members with the necessary skills to fulfill their mission, namely: - Ensure the consolidation and scaling-up of the successful activities and best practices; - Monitor and alert commune authorities and other actors of situations that might affect peace, security, or resilience so that potentially negative effects on the population can be addressed; - Coordinate the CLD/CVDs’ interventions and interface with the CM and other partners; - Collaborate closely with commune authorities and other partners in the search for answers to development constraints, especially those involving food and nutritional insecurity; - Advocate with commune authorities and partners of the commune in order to find sustainable solutions to the concerns expressed and faced by the population. Gaining official recognition of CWGs Formal recognition of the CWGs is a prerequisite for their institutional development and for their sustainable ownership of RIAN achievements in their communes. It gives them the legitimacy and operational freedom needed to fulfill their mission, which includes the development of partnerships with communes, government technical services, NGOs, programs/projects, etc. Thus, obtaining formal recognition has been a critical component of REGIS-ER’s coaching.

The process of obtaining official recognition of a community or commune-based structure is generally slow: i) the structure prepares the request and submits it to the commune, which issues a provisional receipt that allows the applicant to start its activities; ii) the commune executive committee transmits the application to the Interior Ministry in Niger or to the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization in Burkina Faso, iii) the ministry transmits the application to ministries affected by the applicant’s activities for their opinion and comments; and iv) on the basis of the recommendations made by the various ministries affected, the Ministry approves or rejects the applicant’s request for recognition. Since the CWGs are based in communes, it is difficult for them to follow the steps iii and iv in the recognition process. Helping the CWGs gain legal recognition is a high priority and a major challenge for the project in FY20.

As of September 30, 2019, all 13 CWGs in the communes of concentration had obtained a receipt issued by the commune authorities. The case of Sakoira commune (Tillabéri Region) is unique. In order to avoid having structures with similar objectives disperse their efforts, Sakoira’s mayor requested that the CWG be grafted onto an existing structure, the Commune Committee for Sustainable Development (CCDD), which had been set up with support from Plan International. The CCDD had a more limited mandate than the CWGs and covered only five villages in the commune. In October 2018, REGIS-ER supported the organization of a CCDD General Assembly in order to transform the CCDD into a CWG. The General Assembly brought together the five villages covered by the CCDD, but also a large number of REGIS-ER villages with CLDs. The new CWG elected the members of its Executive Committee for a two-year term; they could be re-elected only once. REGIS-ER also trained the CWG Executive Committee on its mandate and its roles and responsibilities, as well as on the preparation and implementation of its action plan.

To date, 11 of the 13 CWGs (Manni and Gayéri are the exceptions) work in offices provided by the Mayor’s Office. After having withdrawn from 12 communes at the end of 2018 and from five communes (and three regions) in September 2019, REGIS-ER set aside office equipment and furniture and two motorcycles for each CWG.

CWG and CLD / CVD performance Since the Municipal Councils delegated the management/operating authority to the CWGs and their partners/constituent members (CLD/CVDs), the latter have been responsible for the consolidation and scaling-up of the successful activities. As of September 30, 2019, the indicators on successful activities show that the project – or more specifically, the ILs – achieved a completion rate between 93 and 175% on seven of the nine activities. This shows that the CWGs and CLD/CVDs have truly taken ownership of RIAN in their communes and communities.

The CWGs have made considerable progress in three important areas: - Establishing themselves institutionally: They have done this with the active support of commune authorities. - Functioning: They have met regularly, have prepared rolling action plans, and have submitted monthly reports to the Municipal Councils. - Recognition: They have visited the villages in their commune, set up a resource mobilization system (for example, membership fees) to ensure their mission, provided support to CLD/CVDs that want to adopt successful resilience activities and to improve their internal organization, and provided support to Community-Based Solution Providers (CBSPs) in search of orders. CLD/CVDs have also begun to play an increasingly important role in monitoring and evaluating activities. The 13 CWGs and 236 CLD/CVDs in the villages of concentration have achieved significant, sustainable results as the following examples demonstrate: - The CWGs in Bandé (NG), Tondikandia (NG) and Bouroum (BF), in collaboration with CLD/CVDs and traditional chiefs, have obtained new sites for the Bio-reclamation of Degraded Lands (BDL), for the benefit of women; - Awareness/orientation of the CLD/CVDs at the start of the 2019 agricultural season, especially on Conservation Farming – Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (CF-FMNR), the vaccination of small ruminants and poultry, and identification of new sites for Soil and Water Conservation/ Soil Protection and Restoration (CES / DRS). - The Bandé CWG (Zinder, NG) helped the Water Point Management Committee (Comité de Gestion des Points d’Eau, CGPE) in Tilla village to open a bank account in a MFI to better manage the revenues generated from user fees, and also supported the opening of five bank accounts with the Agricultural Bank of Niger (BAGRI) for the CGPES in Zougoubi, Dan Alla, Gagoumounga, Gomba, and Gabi. This active CWG also monitored the creation of 36 new SECCA groups and 29 new "mother-to-mother" (MtM) groups, the organization of 62 clean-up sessions in 19 villages, the construction of 141 new latrines in 27 villages, and the establishment of 78 new home gardens in the commune thanks to a guided visit of the Ara Sofoua and Kakitama home gardens. - The Droum CWG (Zinder, NG) helped the CGPEs in Katangou and Kogon Sheme villages resolve their dispute over the management of water points. It also helped the Koudouma CLD solve a problem caused by a malfunction of the borehole in a REGIS-ER-supported oasis garden. - The Guidan Roumdji CWG (NG), in collaboration with the CM, 21 CLDs and the Commune Land Tenure Commission (COFOCOM), led an awareness caravan on securing land for women, which resulted in 26 hectares secured (see Part VI, Land Tenure Security for Women).

- The Sebba CWG (Sahel Region, BF) produced two radio shows for community radio on the successful activities. - The Seytenga CWG (Sahel Region, BF) brought together the Community Relay Agents (Agents Relais Communautaires, ARC) in the commune to assess the status of SECCA activities. Together, they agreed to organize a second edition of the commune day promoting community micro- finance in July 2019. During the quarter, the Seytenga CWG also played a role in resolving a conflict between Ouro-Daka and Tao villages due to the management of habbanayé placements. - The Manni CWG (Est Region, BF) supervised a guided visit of home gardens in the village of Bamboarignabou (for 139 visitors, mainly from the villages of Koadaba and Boulyendé) and organized a "SECCA evening" (broadcast SECCA community videos and then held a follow-up discussion) in the village of Bangaye that resulted in the creation of two new SECCA groups. - The Bouroum and Barsalogho CWGs (Centre-Nord Region, BF) participated in the establishment of 21 new CF-FMNR groups (15 in Bouroum with 195 members and six in Barsalogho with 90 members) and in monitoring the groups. - The Barsalogho CWG (Centre-Nord Region, BF) encouraged the establishment of three new Husband Schools (for 45 men) in three villages.

Mobilizing resources for the sustainability of the CWGs During FY19, the CWGs undertook initiatives to mobilize internal resources (membership fees, dues, shares, etc.). These contributions vary from one commune to another. The current maximum amount is 6,000 CFA (just over $10). The CWGs in Bandé (NG) and Bouroum (BF) set the contribution at 6,000 CFA for membership fees and expect this to strengthen the social capital within the institution. In Bouroum (BF), the 34 CVDs had the 12 members of their respective executive committees contribute 500 CFA ($0.86) apiece. The Bouroum CM also contributed to the CWG’s start-up fund by asking each of its 68 members to make a 1,000 CFA ($1.72) donation. In Guidan Roumdji (NG), the CWG decided to set the contribution at 5,000 CFA ($8.60) for the CLD and intends to establish a system of monthly dues.

But these initiatives will not provide sufficient resources to enable the CWGs to function and fulfill their mission over time. Accordingly, REGIS-ER coaches the CWGs on how to develop a resource mobilization strategy. The guide is based on the services that the CWG provides to its main clients: the CLD/CVDs, the communities, the Municipal Council, the CBSP/PRL Platforms, projects and other actors, and itself. The guide includes a section to show REGIS-ER’s regional teams how to facilitate a seven session workshop in which CWGs reflect on this subject: 1) identify the services that CWGs provide (or could provide) to their clients; 2) develop the operational approach which maximizes the effectiveness and efficiency of each service; 3) define the conditions and timing for the implementation of each operational approach; 4) evaluate the unit and total cost of each strategic action based on its frequency; 5) capitalize on the achievements regarding the agreements in principle and actual contributions to fund CWG activities; 6) make a proposition with the proportion of the budget to be paid by each beneficiary of CWG services, in accordance with the importance of the services rendered; and 7) develop an advocacy action plan for each category of actors, which includes the persuasive arguments to be used.

As of September 30, 2019, all CWGs in the communes of concentration have reached session 6 or 7. Once these sessions have been concluded, the CWG will develop its resource mobilization strategy, including its (finalized) advocacy action plan to solicit funding for the CWG’s functioning and activities from the recipients (or potential recipients) of CWG services.

CWGs and CLDs/CVDs have become drivers of local development and social cohesion, beyond the realm of resilience In addition to consolidating and scaling up successful activities and best practices, the CWGs and CLDs/ CVDs have taken the lead on various public service activities: - The Filingué CWG (Tillabéri, NG) took advantage of its field visits during the diagnostic and data collection phases of the commune’s Local Convention (CL) to inform and sensitize the delegates of ten villages in the Takoussa area on the role and importance of CLDs in village development and the CWG’s mission. Afterwards, three interested villages -- Ijuguidi, Maiguizaza and Gorou -- invited the CWG President to come help them set up CLDs. The CWG immediately dispatched a team to the villages and three new CLDs were established. - The Droum CWG (Zinder, NG) joined a committee for the sale of subsidized cereals and supported the CM in this activity in the three sales centers (Koudouma, Katangou and Droum). - The Seytenga CWG (Sahel, BF) resolved a problem in the handover between the outgoing and incoming CVD Presidents in the village of Tao. The CWG also initiated mediation of the dispute in Ouro-Daka village about the management of animal placements in its habbanayé operation. - In Gayéri (Est, BF), the head of the CWG’s specialized committee on habbanayé used his knowledge and tact to successfully restart the habbanayé operations in the village of Gnifoagma, where conflicts between neighborhoods had stopped the activities. In Tagazar (Tillabéri, NG) several CLDs have used their technical expertise in various realms to initiate some very promising public service activities: - The Sandiré CLD mobilized 5 000 000 CFA ($8 600) for the construction of an examination room and eight rooms for patients (women) in the village’s Integrated Health Center (Centre de Santé Intégré, CSI). This sum is 24% of the total cost and is Sandiré’s contribution to the construction. - The Taya Zarma CLD coordinated with the community on the construction of housing for CSI health workers in the village. - The three CLDs of Louga Tabla, Sansani Tabla and Tabla coordinated a crop protection operation to fight caterpillars that were boring into millet ears by introducing into the millet fields insects that are predators of the caterpillar. In addition, some CWGs have collaborated with outside partners that intervene in their areas. For example, the Droum CWG participated in the training of Producer Organizations (POs) on planning with the support of the NGO KARKARA. The CWG also conducted a joint field mission with GSM TAMAKON MANOMA at three moringa production sites (Kanané, Kogon Shemé, and Dan Kalou) in order to monitor moringa sales and harvesting activities. They also assisted the establishment of a union of 50 POs with the support of the NGO AOPDD, which plans to provide these POs with agricultural inputs.

The exemplary CLD of Goureybio in Sakoira Commune (Tillabéri Region, NG)

The Goureybio CLD is a model in the consolidation and scaling up of Resilience actions to Food and Nutrition Insecurity. This CLD was established in 2013 with Plan International’s support. The CLD’s mandate was limited to activities involving child sponsorship, a hallmark of the NGO’s program. In 2018, REGIS-ER assisted the CLD in organizing a village assembly to reinforce and restructure its executive committee by setting up a "best practices" commission in charge of the sustainability and scaling up of successful activities. REGIS-ER also trained members of the executive committee and the best practices commission on their roles and responsibilities, coordination, and the preparation and monitoring of development actions in the village.

Currently, the CLD works extremely well and displays its accountability to the community by sharing information at the General Assembly each quarter. It is also noteworthy that the CLD has established a productive partnership with the village chief, who, as the key traditional authority, is instrumental to the success of the CLD’s mission.

Thanks to their good management of the village’s resilience activities, the CLD of Goureybio launched the following initiatives: - construction of a warehouse for CF producers interested in conducting warrantage operations; - construction of an overhang at the health center to provide shade and serve as a waiting room; - construction of five thatched classrooms at the primary school; - construction of an earthen dyke to protect against flooding of the school yard and of a house when the (Niger) river overflows its banks; and - removing water by use of a motor pump from a house that was flooded during the rainy season.

Revitalization of CLDs/CVDs The revitalization of CLD/CVDs has been a significant and undeniable success of REGIS-ER's Sustainability Strategy. Here are some of the main characteristics of the CLD/CVDs: - institutional dynamism: They meet; they prepare a rolling action plan and monitor its implementation at monthly and quarterly participatory monitoring and evaluation sessions, after which the planning is readjusted; they divide the tasks internally and monitor the activities; - recognition of their community and commune: As the CWG’s main respondents, they are called upon frequently and serve as the village spokesperson. They coordinate all development actions in the village, including social and resource mobilization, information/sensitization, collaboration with CWG and various partners, situation analyses, delegation of certain responsibilities, linking various actors, advocacy, decision-making, etc.; - they report on their activities: Their share their achievements and performances with the CWG, the CM and REGIS-ER’s PRL/CLD-CVD Coaches (community) and Project Coaches (commune). All 236 CLD/CVDs coached in FY19 by the project staff (NG: 137 CLDs -- 45 in Zinder, 21 in Maradi, 58 in Tillabéri South and 13 in Tillabéri North; BF: 99 CVDs -- 37 in Centre-Nord, 40 in Est and 22 in Sahel) use Local Resource Persons (PRLs) to scale up activities. PRL provide such services as technical supervision; monitoring activities; support on reporting, data collection and filling in forms; etc. The synergy between ILs is essential to ensure sustainability in the ownership and scaling up of RIAN achievements. In FY19, this synergy was clearly focused on practical, operational aspects of the following activities: - Data collection and record-keeping on the activities;

- Monitoring, via the CLD’s habbanayé committees, the number and care for habbanayé animals and the numbers on the transfers of goats and poultry in the communes of concentration; - Strengthening market gardening: The Izawittan CLD (Tagazar, NG) encouraged members of the Oasis garden women’s group to buy two solar panels at 240 000 CFA ($413) after the theft of the panels provided by REGIS-ER and to recruit a watchman that the group pays 15 000 CFA ($26) a month (the women built a shelter for him). This shows that the CLD found a practical, local solution, without outside help, and that it managed to convince the women’s group to adopt it. This mirrors a situation in the first quarter of the fiscal year in Tagazar, Tondikandia, and Filingué where the members of the 12 community and Oasis garden groups paid for seed using their own funds to complete preparations for the cold season crops, for nearly 1 700 000 CFA (almost $3 000). Seven groups invested between 24 000 and 45 000 CFA ($41 and $77), three groups between 70 000 and 120 000 CFA ($120 and $206), and two groups over 250 000 CFA ($430). This shows a significant increase in investment in operations from the previous year, for which the average seed investment per site was approximately 20 000 CFA ($34), according to a project analysis of the groups’ operating statements/accounts. - Scaling of CF-FMNR and identification of input needs (seeds and fertilizers): For example, the Sandiré CLD (Tagazar, NG) proactively organized awareness and training sessions for producers on these practices and achieved very impressive results in scaling up CF-FMNR: the number of farmers who practiced this technology increased from 99 in 2018 to 234 in 2019! - Establishment and training of new groups in multiple realms: Husband Schools (Ecoles de Maris, EdM), SECCA, BDL, and Quality Improvement Teams (Equipes d’Amélioration de la Qualité, EAQ). - Establishment of a system for determining the cost of water services in villages which is based on the operating statements/accounts for management of water points in Niger and Burkina; - Maintenance of Open Defecation Free (ODF) status in more than 50% of villages declared ODF; - Organization of community video screenings sessions on health, nutrition, hygiene, and sanitation and on SECCA. This collaboration shows not only the strengthening of social cohesion within villages, but also that the skills of PRL are truly recognized and appreciated by their communities.

Local Institution 3: Service Provider Platforms -- Community-Based Solution Providers (CBSPs) and Local Resource Persons (PRLs)

Service Provider Platforms: Community-Based Solution Providers/Local Resource Persons (CBSP/PRLs) In FY19, the project signed coaching contracts with the third local institution, the commune-level service provider platforms. In total, REGIS-ER and 11 of the platforms in the two countries signed coaching contracts in order to further the development of the platforms. In its coaching work, REGIS-ER helps the service provider platforms to find ways to improve their services and fulfill their role in promoting RIAN.

Coaching service provider platforms The commitments made by the service provider platforms to improve their performance focus on: - developing, implementing and periodically evaluating their rolling action plans for the provision of goods and services: The plans are based on common actions such as the identification of business opportunities and the negotiation of agreements with agro-dealers/ wholesalers and, for group purchases, on transportation, logistics, needs assessments, bulk orders, and the identification by the CLD/CVDs of producers’ needs for inputs; - carrying out marketing activities to obtain contracts and orders;

- presenting the platform, its roles and objectives to the CM and the CWG; - promoting collaboration (complementary actions) and establishing partnerships with the CM and the CWG (preferably formalized ones, through Memorandums of Understanding); - developing, implementing and evaluating the action plan / business plan taking into account the platforms area of specialization; and - ensuring good visibility of the platforms.

REGIS-ER has also signed coaching contracts with dynamic PRLs and individual CBSPs in both countries, to boost their performance in providing services and supplying RIAN-related goods. All these CBSPs and PRLs already operate directly in villages to consolidate and scale up activities and provide quality goods and services. The commitments made mainly involve the enhancement of their visibility and the improvement of the availability and accessibility of their products and services at the commune and community levels (preparation and implementation of CBSPs’ business plans).

Table 4: Summary of contracts signed with platforms and individual, community-level CBSPs and PRLs

Country CBSP PRLs CBSPs Observations Platforms (individuals) (individuals) Niger 5 812 103 The contracts signed are for the (7 communes of communes of Bandé, Droum, Guidan concentration) Roumdji, Sakoira and Tagazar. Sakoira and Filingué will build their platforms in FY20. Burkina Faso 6 396 97 (6 communes) Total 11 1 208 200

Institutionalization of the service provider platforms and enhancement of their visibility The project coached the platforms to help them enhance their visibility and credibility, to prospect for important opportunities, to integrate networks, to establish partnerships with NGOs and projects, and to guide their efforts in obtaining official recognition.

In Niger: - In Droum (Zinder) and Sakoira (Tillabéri), the platforms have obtained approval for a “simplified cooperative business” in accordance with the new law pertaining to the Organisation for the Harmonization in Africa of Business Law (Organisation pour l’harmonisation en Afrique du droit des affaires, OHADA). - In Guidan Roumdji (Maradi), the platform started the process to gain official recognition in accordance with the OHADA law. - In Bandé (Zinder), the platform has obtained the approval of the commune, but has not yet modified its by-laws (statutes) to comply with the OHADA law. - In Tagazar, the platform has been set up, but has not yet drafted its by-laws. - In Droum Commune, a structure called the Commune Multi-Actor Innovation Platform (Plate- forme d’Innovation Multi-Acteurs Communale, PI) existed prior to REGIS-ER’s initiative to create a service provider platform. The PI was established by the DryDev project implemented by CARE Niger, in partnership with World Agroforestry (ICRAF), and funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (See https://drydev.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2019/03/PI-innovation- org.pdf .) This group already included most of the CBSPs and PRLs coached by REGIS-ER and had

similar goals to those of REGIS-ER’s CBSP platforms. The REGIS-ER regional team met with the managers of the PI to decide on the best course of action. Together, they agreed that it would be best to avoid duplication (i.e., REGIS-ER would not create a separate CBSP/PRL platform) and that the PI would expand its membership to include all of REGIS-ER’s CBSPs and PRLs. It was also agreed with DryDev that REGIS-ER would coach the PI leaders and guide them in revising the PI’s by-laws so that they would comply with the OHADA law and the PI could submit its request in due form for official recognition to the commune, which was done.

In Sakoira, thanks to REGIS-ER’s coaching, the platform met with the Deputy Mayor and the Secretary General of the commune in the presence of the CWG President to officially present the platform, its role, its objectives, and especially its complementarity with the other local institutions in the commune. The platform’s Management Committee also initiated a meeting with the Regional Director of the Procurement Center for Agricultural Inputs and Equipment (Centrale d'approvisionnement en intrants et matériels agricoles, CAIMA) to inquire about conditionalities for selling fertilizer and also contacted two suppliers of improved seed in Niamey about supplying agricultural inputs to communities on the basis of their expressed needs. (The two enterprises are AINOMA Seed Farm, which specializes in the production and sale of improved seed, and EIMAGRI, the Enterprise of Agricultural Inputs and Equipment, which specializes in the sale of crop protection products seeds, and fertilizer.)

Guidan Roumdji's service provider platform was presented to the CM and the CWG, which in turn introduced them to the CLDs. This greatly facilitated the aggregation of input orders by CF producers: three CLDs in the commune aggregated the CLDs’ needs and transmitted them to the CWG which then contacted the CBSP platform. The platform entrusted the orders to three of its members who excel in the sale of agricultural inputs.

In Burkina Faso, in Est Region, the Professional Association of Service Providers (APAPS) in Manni and the one in Gayérie held General Assemblies to establish their respective structures, in accordance with the provisions of Law 064-2015 / CNT of 20 October 2015 involving freedom of association in BF. The members of their Executive Committees were elected and the Manni APAP filed its requests for official recognition at the provincial office and received a receipt. Depending on the dynamism and commitment of their members, these networks could, with REGIS-ER’s coaching support, evolve into Economic Interest Groups (Groupements d’Intérêt Economique, GIEs), in accordance with the provisions of the OHADA Uniform Acts. The two APAPs have already made linkages with the CVDs, CWG and various projects. These exchanges allowed the CBSPs to present their products and services and request the CVDs’ support on orders. In these two communes, the involvement of the CVDs made it possible to aggregate needs and deliver 35 tons of livestock feed. In addition, the Manni platform was introduced to their CM during the CM’s self-assessment exercise and the APAP’s directory (names, types of activity and contacts) was given to the locally elected officials. The CBSP platforms of Manni and Gayéri discussed potential partnerships with the Livestock Sector Development Support Project in Burkina (PADEL-B) and the Program to Support the Development of Local Economies (PADEL). For example, the APAPs could submit micro-projects to build their working capital, which is essential for filling orders, and could benefit from capacity building and linkages with other structures, etc.

Performance of the service provider platforms and their members The performances recorded by country show that in Niger three CBSP/PRL platforms from the Maradi, Tillabéri, and Zinder regions received and filled bulk orders for agricultural inputs, including improved seeds (over two tons in all) and chemical fertilizers for the CF-FMNR 2019 season. The CBSP platform members also made their services available to individuals throughout the season. This dynamic has

20 undoubtedly contributed to the success of Conservation Farming. And during the off-season, members of women's groups placed several group orders for horticultural seeds.

In Niger, four service provider platforms received ten bulk orders including: - In Bandé, the platform sold 620 kg of improved seeds for CF-FMNR (millet, sorghum, cowpeas) and 60 kg of okra seeds. - In Guidan Roumdji, the platform delivered four orders for a total of 6 472 100 CFA ($ 11 130) -- two orders of agricultural inputs composed of 1 018 kg of improved seeds (millet, sorghum and cowpeas) and 1 050 kg of NPK fertilizer (ordered from Halal) for 16 CF-FMNR producer groups, and two orders for a total of 75 000 fruit and forestry tree seedlings placed by AREN (a former member of the REGIS-ER consortium) and by the ProDAF Program from two nursery owners who are members of the platform. - In Tagazar, the BAFOUNNAYE HANNO platform received two orders for the supply of more than eight kilograms of onion seeds for two POs (225 members) for a value of 462 000 CFA ($795). - In Sakoira, in June 2019, the platform placed two orders of seeds from the firm AINOMA at the Tagantassou and Sakoira sales outlets. The seeds comprised a total of 300 kg of millet (HKP), 130 kg of sorghum, 210 kg of TN5-78 Cowpea and three kg of Konni okra. To date, the CBSPs have been able to resell these seeds for 495 500 CFA ($852). In addition, the platform contributed to the creation of two new sales outlets for AINOMA agricultural inputs in Diamballa and Bonféba. The individual CBSPs who received orders from individual producers also achieved significant results. In Guidan Roumdji (Maradi), five CBSPs provided agricultural inputs to over 900 producers for a value of nearly 2.5 million CFA ($4 300). In Filingué (Tillabéri), a CBSP who provided plumbing services to the market garden groups alone earned 700 000 CFA (over $1 200). In the same commune, four livestock auxiliaries had annual sales revenue between 48 000 ($83) and 532 135 CFA ($915). And in Tagazar, the 15 promising CBSPs who were members of the platform had a cumulative sales revenue of more than 10 million CFA (almost $17 200) by providing services to nearly 3,700 customers.

In Burkina Faso, the overall situation is as follows: When we examine the sales revenue by type of CBSP activity in Burkina Faso in FY19 in the table below, we note that livestock CBSPs had the highest sales revenue (46% of the total), followed by agriculture/ horticulture CBSPs (29%) and artisans repairers (13%). This reflects the strong role of local actors who provide veterinary services to habbanayé beneficiaries and the CBSPs’ continued support for CF-FMNR. The table also highlights the emergence of CBSPs in aggregating poultry orders (for example, CBSPs in Manni collected and sold 290 heads of poultry to processors for a total of 747 500 CFA [$1 285]) and of finance CBSPs specialized in financial intermediation (support groups for access to credit in MFIs).

The Manni platform obtained its first bulk order from the CM for an amount of 4 400 000 CFA ($7 567). The CM believed that the platform could meet one of its needs: the supply of 220 bags of 50 kg of parboiled rice for distribution to vulnerable households in the commune to cope with the lean season. REGIS-ER’s coaching of the platform was instrumental in helping the CBSPs to seize this big opportunity. Initially, the platform members lacked confidence in themselves and said they could not deliver such large quantities. Ms. Lankoandé Sibidi played the lead role in the platform for this operation; she is the member who found the suppliers who were able to make up the shortfall: local women's organizations. In the Manni platform, Jérémie Guitanga, a livestock and agriculture CBSP, received a loan of 500 000 CFA ($860) from REGIS-ER’s MFI partner, GRAINE Sarl, to fund the preparation of his business plan. This showed other platform members that they too could access financial services to develop their business.

Table 5: Estimated sales revenue from various types of services provided by Community-Based Solution Providers (CBSPs) in FY19

Type of CBSP Type of Service Sales revenue, Sales Sales TOTAL (BF) Sahel Region Revenue, Revenue, in CFA Centre- Est Region (in USD) Nord Reg. Livestock  Vaccinations and health treatments for animals 1 560 900 15 722 450 15 374 515 32 657 865 CBSP  Sale of animals (poultry, goats) ($ 2 684) ($ 27 038) ($ 26 440) ($ 56 163)  Sale of poultry and livestock feed  Sale of salt licks  Sale of fodder Agriculture/  Training CF-FMNR groups on composting 2 095 000 5 635 650 12 790 000 20 520 650 Horticulture  Sale of PICS bags and organization of warrantage groups ($ 3 603) ($ 9 692) ($ 21 995) ($ 35 290) CBSP  Sale of inputs (seeds and fertilizer)  Training BDL groups  Sale of seedlings (fruit and forest trees)  Setting-up new groups  Support for the formation of cooperative businesses  Demarcation of fields Finance/  Technical assistance (TA) for old and new SECCA groups 1 199 600 3 425 000 1 791 300 6 415 900 SECCA CBSP  TA for distributing leftover savings and shares ($ 2 063) ($ 5 890) ($ 3 081) ($ 11 034) Health-  Sale of enriched foods 1 000 000 1 750 400 153 900 2 904 300 Nutrition-  Setting-up home gardens ($ 1 720) ($ 3 010) ($ 265) ($ 4 995) WASH CBSP  Building latrines  Sale of soap, fortified organic millet, enriched flour Artisan Re-  Maintenance and repair of human-powered pumps 4 843 000 2 836 000 1 450 000 9 129 000 pairers CBSPs ($ 8 329) ($ 4 877) ($ 2 494) ($ 15 699) TOTAL 10 698 500 29 369 500 31 559 715 71 625 715 ($ 18 398) ($ 50 507) ($ 54 274) ($ 123 177)

Update on CLDs/CVDs using PRL services to consolidate and scale up successful activities See the section on Citizen Work Groups.

IV. Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning and Capitalization

Monitoring and Evaluation In FY19, REGIS-ER conducted the following Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) activities: 1) review of its indicators and data collection system; 2) development of a new data flow process adapted to its sustainability strategy; 3) update of the Performance Monitoring Plan; 4) census survey; 5) internal and external Data Quality Assessments; and 6) completion of the Outcome Harvesting study.

Review of project indicators and data collection system In accordance with USAID Senegal’s recommendation at the April 2018 M&E meeting in Dakar, REGIS-ER updated its indicators, targets, and data collection system. In November 2018, USAID Senegal approved the revision, contingent upon further revisions to 12 of the project’s FY19 targets. On December 7, 2018, the project submitted an updated version to USAID. The process of revising the targets continued until the end of the third quarter FY19. Initially, the revision took into account the No Cost Extension through December 2019; subsequently, it took into account the Cost Extension which had a new focus on youth.

In line with the project’s sustainability strategy, monitoring and data collection were transferred to local institutions and their partners/constituent members. During FY19, REGIS-ER completed a participatory exercise with project staff and ILs to update data collection, analysis, and reporting. REGIS-ER identified 18 performance indicators, for which it developed Performance Indicator Reference Sheets (PIRS). To monitor and evaluate progress made in implementing this strategy, REGIS-ER’s regional offices proposed data collection tools that were then finalized by the M&E Unit, which shared the tools with all program staff at the start of the third quarter to ensure a common understanding. The program field staff (Regional Coordinators, Project Coaches, PRL/CLD-CVD Coaches, and Regional M&E Specialists) received refresher training on the data collection tools for the sustainability strategy-related indicators, as well as for the updated contractual indicators. IL members (CM, CWG / CLD-CVD, and service provider platform) also benefited from capacity building for ownership of the data collection, analysis and reporting tools.

Review of data flow process for sustainability strategy indicators A new data flow process for the project was developed: one for the contractual indicators and the other for the sustainability strategy-related indicators. This system clearly defines the data sources and the persons responsible for data collection and ensures the quality of the information transmitted.

Updates to the Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) Following revisions to the project’s indicators, targets, and data collection system, REGIS-ER updated its PMP. The revised PMP includes the new indicators, the harmonization of the definition of certain indicators with the Feed the Future Indicator Handbook and the corresponding disaggregations, revised FY18 targets, and the targets set for FY19.

Surveys, including census surveys In FY19, REGIS-ER conducted several surveys, including census surveys, to collect information on 19 of its 40 contractual indicators. For these surveys, the project developed tools (methodology guides, data sheets, and databases) and made them available to the regional offices to enable them to ensure successful data collection and analysis.

REGIS-ER’s Data Quality Assessments (DQA) Internal DQA: REGIS-ER conducted an internal analysis in FY19 across all regional offices to improve data quality. These analyses revealed the following shortcomings:

- Errors in data entry; - Double-counting on the collection forms; - Non-compliance with the validation process; - Use of old forms.

External DQA: In FY19, USAID Senegal conducted a DQA to follow-up on previous DQA recommendations. The conclusion of the study on the project’s data system and indicators was positive: the majority of the previous recommendations had been implemented by the project.

Outcome Harvesting Study During the first quarter of FY19, REGIS-ER carried out a study on its recent qualitative evaluation using the Outcome Harvesting methodology to evaluate changes in the behavior and practices of change agents in the project’s zone of intervention (ZOI). The study focused on multiple groups of change agents: ILs (and their partners/constituent members), village level groups, and households. The study found that local groups (CF and MtM groups, etc.) throughout the regions reported that REGIS-ER’s contributions had been crucial in achieving improvements to the wellbeing of their households, villages, and communes in the three components of livelihoods, governance, and health-nutrition and WASH.

The study observed these notable changes in behaviors, practices and relations among change agents: - At the commune and village levels: improved governance practices, adoption of a women's empowerment approach, active engagement in promoting agricultural productivity, and adoption of the Behavior Change Communication approach; - At the level of individuals and households: increased visits to health centers, safe child feeding practices, improved hygiene-sanitation practices, and active participation in livelihood activities; - At the CBSP level: application of business and management skills acquired, implementation of demand-driven market strategies, adoption of a customer-focused approach, and networking and collaboration. In addition, the CBSPs played an important role in empowering communities and improving their economic well-being. Moreover, the contribution of habbanayé and SECCA to improving the socio-economic living conditions and diversifying the livelihood activities of vulnerable groups was critical.

Learning and Capitalization

Knowledge products The project finalized the following publications this year: - a training manual for the Learning and Support Groups for [Female] Adolescents (GASA) comprising three training phases with three documents per phase; - a training manual for Mother-to-Mother (MtM) groups, comprising three documents; - a technical brief on the organization of community meals (https://www.urc- chs.com/resources/improving-dietary-diversity-sahel-through-community-meals ); - a construction manual for improved onion storage units (based on a granary-type model developed during NCBA CLUSA’s Arziki Project); - visual tools to integrate the practice of Conservation Farming with Reproductive Health / Family Planning best practices (in collaboration with Pathfinder in Niger);

- two posters on Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and on community meals: URC, a partner in the NCBA CLUSA consortium, presented them at the Francophone Summit for Social and Behavioral Change Communication, held on February 25-27, 2019 in Abidjan (https://sommetcsc.fr/programme/calendrier-des-presentations- posters/ ).

In addition, NCBA CLUA announced the posting of a video illustrating REGIS- ER's governance activities in Niger in the "Co-op Weekly" newsletter of May 7, 2019. The video captures the experience of villages in Bandé Commune in Zinder Region. The link of the video was shared with USAID Niger and USAID Senegal.

Table 6 : Success stories developed in FY19 Success story title Dissemination Place: (commune, where applicable), region, country Keywords / Languages 1 Komboissikpéri village in Eastern Burkina Faso  URC Website (in French) put a stop to open defecation on its own initiative. Manni Commune, Est Region, Burkina Faso Hygiene and sanitation / FR, ENG 2 Women reap the benefits of land tenure in Burkina Faso and  NCBA CLUSA website Niger Centre-Nord and Sahel Regions, Burkina Faso Land tenure / FR, ENG 3 A Mother’s Journey to Self-Reliance  NCBA CLUSA website Barsalogho Commune, Centre-Nord Region, Burkina Faso  Newsletter « Co-Op Self-reliance, CF, market gardening, gender / FR, ENG Weekly » (June 13, 2019) 4 Sebba commune has its say with partners on resilience Annex 3 of this report Sebba Commune, Sahel Region, Burkina Faso Governance, habbanayé / FR, ENG

2019, a year to capitalize interventions In FY19, as part of its exit strategy, REGIS-ER organized 14 capitalization and sharing workshops on various technical issues (health-nutrition, land tenure security, and the PCPR) and on the status of its activities in the communes and regions from which the project was withdrawing. Here is an overview:

Capitalization workshop for health, nutrition, hygiene and sanitation activities (October 2018) In October 2018, REGIS-ER organized two workshops (one in each country) to share its experiences on the Hygiene and Sanitation (P7) and Community-Based Health and Nutrition (P8) programs. The workshops benefitted from the active participation of key representatives of the ministries in charge of health, hygiene and sanitation, USAID Burkina Faso, NGO partners, mayors of the communes of concentration, and some leaders of community groups supported by REGIS-ER. The workshops shared REGIS-ER’s approaches, documents, and various tools; facilitated the sharing of experiences, results achieved, and lessons learned during project implementation with the relevant technical services and

25 local actors; and presented recommendations to the ministries and local institutions for monitoring, institutionalizing and scaling up successful approaches and best practices.

Capitalization and exit workshops for communes of non-concentration (March - April 2019) REGIS-ER held seven capitalization and exit workshops for communes of non-concentration in the two countries between March and April 2019: one in Sabon Machi (Maradi), one in Imanan (Tillabéri South), one in Kourtheye (Tillabéri North), one in Fada N'Gourma, one in Kaya, and two in Dori. The workshops involved 20 communes overall (NG: 3, BF: 17); the complete list appears in Annex 4. The objective of the workshops was to share REGIS-ER’s achievements and get commitments from stakeholders (CM, CWG, CLD/CVDs) for the ownership and sustainability of achievements and to strengthen the synergies among them. The stakeholders gave very positive feedback on REGIS-ER’s approach. A full review of these workshops contains the various commitments made by the actors present and is available upon request.

National workshop for sharing and capitalizing the results of REGIS-ER’s support for land tenure security in its zone of intervention in Burkina Faso (July 2019) See the Section IV, "Securing Land Tenure for Women", for more details.

Capitalization and exit workshops in three regions (September 2019) In September 2019, REGIS-ER organized three capitalization and exit workshops in Maradi, Zinder, and Centre-Nord Regions in order to ensure the transparency of the conclusion of its activities, to review achievements and to promote sustainability of resilience activities. The Governor’s Office in each region “sponsored” the workshops and the key stakeholders participated in the workshops: the administrative authorities, traditional leaders, mayors, other local institutions, partner projects that intervene in the communes involved (including RISE II projects), and the technical services. Annex 5 summarizes the recommendations made at these meetings.

PCPR experience sharing workshop with three Development Food Security Activities (DFSAs) in Niger (September 2019) In Zinder, in September 2019, REGIS-ER shared its experience on Commune Resilience Plans (PCPRs) with the three RISE II DFSAs in Niger: Wadata (Save the Children), GIRMA (CRS) and HAMZARI (CARE). (GIRMA and HAMZARI intervene in two communes from which REGIS-ER withdrew on September 30, 2019: Bandé, which is part of GIRMA’s ZOI in Zinder Region, and Guidan Roumdji, which is part of HAMZARI’s ZOI in Maradi Region. Wadata intervenes in Zinder Region, but in non-REGIS-ER communes.) The three DFSAs are now familiar with the PCPR preparation process and its implementation status, and the challenges currently facing the three ILs in each commune. At the end of the workshop presentation and discussions, all three DFSAs committed to building its interventions on the foundation of REGIS-ER’s achievements. The DFSAs’ commitments appear in Annex 6.

Collaboration, learning and exchanges In FY19, REGIS-ER increased collaboration and exchanges with projects intervening in the communes of concentration and with government services so as to reinforce the sustainability of resilience activities it initiated and supported. This collaboration was not limited to meetings; REGIS-ER made considerable efforts to link the local institutions it supports and potential partners, especially RISE II projects.

With REGIS-AG More than 80 Producer Organizations from REGIS-ER's ZOI participated in the poultry, small ruminant, and cowpea fairs organized by REGIS-AG in both countries. Several REGIS-ER regional teams also participated in the cluster evaluation workshop that REGIS-AG organized for its cowpea value chain,

26 alongside the POs supported by REGIS-ER during its scaling-up phase, and at the training of actors in the cowpea value chain on improved production, processing and marketing of cowpea products and on poultry production techniques for Galor guinea fowls in Tillabéri Region. In Centre-Nord Region (BF), the projects jointly organized three warrantage sensitization meetings for more than 30 CF-FMNR groups in the communes of Bouroum, Nagbingou and Barsalogho. At the end of this awareness campaign, more than 861 PICS bags were sold for over 947 100 CFA ($1 629). And almost 81 tons of products (cowpea, millet, sorghum and rice) have been stored this season in warrantage warehouses.

REGIS-AG also participated in the PCPR process in the communes of concentration and in the capitalization workshops.

With the other RISE and RISE II projects REGIS-ER shared its: - During the first half of December 2018, REGIS-ER shared its experience working in security- sensitive areas (Sahel Region in BF and Tillabéri Region in NG) at the partners meetings on Resilience, Governance, and Countering Violent Extremism which SAREL organized in each country on behalf of USAID. - In April 2019, the project shared its experience developing Local Conventions during a meeting with USAID and European Union implementing partners and the High Commission for the 3Ns initiative. The participants were quite interested in REGIS-ER’s work and responded favorably to the invitation of Sakoira’s Mayor to the launch of the local convention process in his commune. - In April 2019, REGIS-ER also shared its sustainability strategy and its actions to promote household and community resilience with RISE II projects, such as Water Security Resilience Activity and ViMPlus, etc., by facilitating direct exchanges with mayors, representatives of CWGs, CVDs, CBSPs and PRLs. The exchanges emphasized the importance of synergy and complementarity. REGIS-ER and the NGO Pathfinder, which implements the Resilience and Family Planning Project, organized a workshop to revise the visual tool that the CLDs use for their monthly data collection, and the projects jointly supervised the integration of Family Planning and Conservation Farming activities in 13 villages where they both intervened in the communes of Droum and Bandé (Zinder Region).

In July 2019, REGIS-ER, in partnership with the Water Security Resilience Activity, which is now called “TerresEauVie” (TEV), organized a workshop to share its experience in land tenure security in Burkina. (See the next section.) In addition, REGIS-ER teams from Tillabéri (NG) and Centre-Nord, Est and Sahel (BF) regions participated in the TEV launch workshops in June 2019. REGIS-ER and TEV also agreed to collaborate on the development of local conventions in Sakoira and Filingué communes. Collaboration is more advanced in Sakoira commune where the first six steps of the process have been completed with REGIS-ER’s support. TEV will take the lead on the remaining six steps (No. 7-12), with the intention of facilitating the funding of the Local Convention’s operational plan.

With the other projects intervening in the communes of concentration (Please see Annex 7, Table 1, for information about these various projects.) It is particularly noteworthy that REGIS-ER has played the role of catalyst in assisting the communes of concentration with resource mobilization for the updating of their Commune Development Plans which will incorporate their Commune Resilience Plan and Local Convention as operational strategies. (See the section on Municipal Councils for more details.)

With government technical services (Please see Annex 7, Table 2, for information about these various government technical services.)

V. Securing land tenure for women The empowerment and engagement of local institutions (ILs) – specifically the CMs, CWGs and CVD- CLDs -- enabled them to make good progress on securing land tenure for women in both Niger and Burkina Faso, thanks in large measure to their advocacy efforts. For example, the Sourgho Koira CLD (Tondikandia Commune, Tillabéri Region) negotiated with the village chief for a donation of land for women so that they could produce the food they use in community meals and for which the village has set up a “nutritional granary” which is managed in collaboration with the government health agent.

In Niger - The Guidan Roumdji Municipal Council (Maradi Region), in collaboration with the CWG and 21 CLDs, organized an awareness / advocacy caravan with landowners. As a result of this activity, 26 ha were secured -- 20 ha as a grant and six ha as loans of between two and eight years. - In Sakoira Commune (Tillabéri North), four hectares were secured for 107 women for three to five years. Another five ha at BDL sites were secured with the renewal of loans for a period of at least five years. - In Tillabéri South, 22 hectares were secured, including four as a donation and 18 ha as loans of between nine and 20 years. - In Zinder, the CLDs with the CWG’s support, advocated to formalize the loans and obtain a minimum duration of ten years. Four new sites totaling four hectares were thus acquired and secured -- three of the sites for a period of ten years and the other site for a period of five years. Nonetheless, in most cases these parcels have been loaned to women’s (BDL) groups and that does not solve the problem of securing land tenure definitively.

Table 7: Summary of new sites secured in Niger in FY19 in the communes of concentration

Regions Communes Loans Gift Total Maradi Guidan Roumdji 6 ha 20 ha 26 ha Tillabéri North Sakoira 4 ha - 4 ha Zinder Bandé 4 ha - 4 ha Tondikandia 12 ha 2 ha 14 ha Tillabéri South Tagazar 5 ha 2 ha 7 ha (Balleyara area) Filingué 1 ha - 1 ha Total 32 ha 24 ha 56 ha

It is noteworthy that in Niger all the community and oasis gardens in the communes of concentration have been secured: three in Guidan Roumdji, 26 in Tagazar (including three in 2019), four in Filingué (including three in 2019), seven in Sakoira, three in Bandé (with land document) and one in Droum.

In Burkina Faso REGIS-ER and Water Security and Resilience Activity/TerresEauVie (TEV), one of whose three components is land tenure, organized in partnership with the National Observatory of Land in Burkina Faso (ONF) a national workshop on July 25, 2019 in Ouagadougou to share the results of REGIS-ER’s support for land tenure in Burkina Faso. This workshop, sponsored by the Minister of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development, highlighted a successful experience in support of land tenure, making the rural land service functional in five priority communes in Centre-Nord, Sahel and Est Regions.

The land agents in the five target communes, recruited between 2013 and 2016, attested that, thanks to the support of REGIS-ER and ONF, they were able to really start working and issuing land deeds. Further, thanks to this support, they became fully knowledgeable about the law 0034/2009 relating to rural land tenure, had the equipment they needed, and mastered the Mobile Application for Land Tenure (MAST), a technology / tool which allows them to work in an effective, efficient and participatory manner. They were sworn in before the High Court (Tribunal de Grande Instance, TGI), a regional body which issues definitive land deeds. During the discussions, one of the TGI Presidents stated that this intervention, on which they were associated from start to finish, had greatly eased the court’s burden in terms of land tenure in Seytenga Commune, which now has a functional rural land service. From now on, when a land dispute case in Seytenga Commune is brought before the court, the latter sends the plaintiffs back to the land conciliation bodies of their village and to the government land agent in Seytenga. This usually helps resolve conflicts. In addition, he pointed out that REGIS-ER had contributed to making the Village Land Commissions (Commissions Foncières Villageoises, CFV) and Village Land Conciliation Commissions (Commissions de Conciliation Foncière Villageoise, CCFV) operational and that these two bodies make it possible for the courts to have the official minutes of meetings in which a dispute cannot be settled by the local authorities (Procès-Verbal [PV] de non conciliation). Prior to that, it was difficult for the TGI to judge these cases because there was no PV in the files.

The strong point of the workshop was that it involved all of the actors in the land chain (this was a first, as far as the project is aware) -- not only the central directorates of the various ministries involved, but also the actors at three other levels: regions (TGIs), communes (Mayors, government land agents), and communities (CFVs, CCFVs and BDL women's groups that had obtained their Attestation of Land Owner- ship in Rural Areas [Attestations de Possession Foncière Rurale, APFR]). This synergy gave a special and unique importance and relevance to the participants’ work. Thus, it was in a spirit of determination that the workshop participants presented to the Minister their recommendations, which appear in Annex 5. It was agreed that the Directorate General of Land, Training and the Organization of Rural Areas (Direction Générale du Foncier, de la Formation et de l’Organisation du Monde Rural), responsible for disseminating the law, should base its support for other communes in BF on this successful experience so as to operationalize as soon as possible the Rural Land Services in accordance with Law 0034/2009.

The report on the workshop was shared with all of the participants, including the Ministry and highlighted the following results: - Five Rural Land Services/Land Offices (Services Fonciers Ruraux/Bureaux Domaniaux, SFR/BD) were trained and equipped: 9 SFR agents were trained in MAST, five SFRs were equipped for the collection and processing of land data, and five MAST projects were created and are functional. - Three SFRs/BDs are functional; the Land Agent was sworn in, with ONF-BF’s support, in Seytenga (Sahel), Bouroum and Barsalogho (Centre-Nord). In Manni Commune (Est), the land agent was also sworn in, but its SFR has not yet been operationalized because it has been decided to harmonize this process in all communes of the region. This process was initiated by the Land Registry Service (Cadastre) and supported by the Food Security Program in Est Region of Burkina Faso (PSAE), which is implemented by the Regional Directorate of Agriculture and Hydro- Agricultural Development. In Gayéri Commune (Est), the land agent has not yet been sworn in. - Some 1 030 commune-level actors (CCFV members and resource persons) have strengthened their capacities on the management of land conflicts. - Some 236 CCFV members know their roles and responsibilities; how to apply the procedures; and how to mediate land disputes, particularly the use of the minutes of meetings (PVs) held

during the mediation process; and adherence to the hierarchical links with the other actors involved, particularly the TGI, and awareness of the mechanisms for collaborating with them. - Ten SFR agents from the five communes were trained on the procedure to follow in managing land conflicts.

Table 8: Status of APFRs as of July 31, 2019 (source: the SFRs in the three communes cited) Communes Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Total APFRs APFRs that APFRs other other issued to are being issued on APFRs APFRs BDL groups processed behalf of issued being for BDL landowners processed sites of BDL sites Barsalogho 0 13 8 5 18 44 Bouroum 17 5 0 26 2 50 Seytenga 0 0 0 23 27 50 Total 17 18 8 54 47 144

In Centre-Nord Region, BDL women’s groups were able to secure over 57 ha of land. In Sahel Region, the Seytenga land agent demarcated almost 12 ha and landowners in the commune, convinced by the CVDs’ advocacy campaign, signed 15 land transfers (which will be finalized by the SFR) to women’s BDL groups.

In addition, the process of securing land tenure produced important spillover effects: 54 APFRs were issued to people other than the women’s groups originally targeted by the action (see Table 8) and 47 other transactions are in progress. The fact that the SFRs are operational in Seytenga, Barsalogho, and Bouroum Communes has generated revenue for those communes, as shown in the following table:

Table 9: Estimated revenue generated by the issuance of APFRs in the communes (source: ONF-BF) Communes Average cost for the Average loan Estimated revenue issuance of an APFR registration fee per generated from the per hectare hectare APFRs (by commune) Barsalogho 37 750 CFA 15 000 CFA 1 100 000 CFA ($65) ($26) ($1 892) Bouroum 37 000 CFA 10 000 CFA 1 661 000 CFA ($64) ($17) ($2 856) Seytenga 13 150 CFA 12 000 CFA 600 000 CFA ($23) ($21) ($1 032) Estimated Total 3 361 000 CFA ($5 780)

In Burkina, securing land tenure for community gardens remains a major problem in the communes. Some sites – those less than 0.5 hectares in area -- do not meet the standards set by the State and are not eligible for land deeds. In addition, community land tenure bodies and the SFRs are not operational in the communes of Manni and Gayéri (Est Region).

VI. Cross-cutting activities

Communications National Media Presence Several activities and ceremonies were publicized at the national level: REGIS-ER’s capitalization and exit workshops in three regions, the national workshop for sharing the results of REGIS-ER’s efforts to secure land tenure in its zone of intervention, and the visit of project sites by the U.S. Ambassador to Niger and a representative of the High Commission for 3Ns initiative to observe REGIS-ER’s accomplishments.

Table 10: Summary of national media coverage Country Written press in national National Radio Reports TV Reports language Burkina Faso 3 (L’Obs. Paalga, Sidwaya, 3 (Radio Diffusion du 3 (RTB) LeFaso.net) Burkina) Niger 2 (Le Sahel, Niamey Soir) 2 (La Voix du Sahel / ORTN) 2 (Télé Sahel / ORTN) Total 5 5 5

Presence on websites and social media, notably those of the national governments and USAID REGIS-ER’s activities and successes have been highlighted on websites and by social media. In Burkina Faso, for example, the Regional Directorate of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development in Centre-Nord publicized a visit to a pastoral site in Ringuema by World Food Programme (WFP) officials in November 2018 (https://www.facebook.com/draah.centrenord/posts/473304403159024 ). Stone bunds had been constructed and demi-lunes dug at the sire, which had been planted and seeded with forage species, with technical support from REGIS-ER and Cash for Work provided by WFP.

On July 26, the Ministry of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development in Burkina Faso published a post on its facebook account and an article on its website about the national workshop for sharing and capitalizing REGIS-ER’s results on securing land tenure in its zone of intervention in Burkina Faso: https://www.agriculture.bf/jcms/fra_101177/fr/securisation-fonciere-en-milieu-rural-l-experience-de- regis-er-fait-cas-d-ecole (The workshop was sponsored by the Minister himself.)

At USAID’s request, REGIS-ER wrote a success story, entitled “Building Resilient Communities for Lasting Progress”, about Alimata Korogo that was published in the May 2019 Feed the Future newsletter: https://medium.com/@FeedtheFuture/a-mothers-journey-to-self-reliance-b3fedd7943d6. On June 17, 2019, the U.S. Embassy in Niger also posted on its facebook account information about REGIS-ER's activities in natural resource management and local conventions.

Lastly, PRACTICA Foundation, which received a grant for solar irrigation, published a post on its Facebook account (https://www.facebook.com/practicafoundation) in July 2019 about the two workshops organized in Niger and in Burkina Faso to present the results achieved under this grant.

Local Radio Presence

Name of Radio Station Nature of the radio coverage Radio Notre Dame de - Sensitization/outreach campaign about the Barsalogho Local Convention Kaya - coverage of the capitalization workshop in the communes of non- concentration in Sahel Region - coverage of the capitalization and exit workshop in Centre-Nord Region Radio communale - Sensitization/outreach campaign about the Bouroum Local Convention Baasnere de Tougouri Radio Communale - Sensitization/outreach campaign about the Sebba Local Convention Daande Yali de Sebba - two awareness-raising programs on successful activities and the PCPR (organized by the Sebba CWG) - broadcast on the content of the Local Convention Radio Communale de - coverage of the capitalization and exit workshop in the communes of non- Dori concentration in Sahel Region

Implementation of the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) In FY19, in line with REGIS-ER’s sustainability strategy, the project teams coached Local Institutions, CBSPs and PRLs to meet the project’s commitments in the EMMP as they took ownership of scaling-up the successful activities. This section summarizes the actions conducted throughout the project’s ZOI, which enabled ILs, CBSPs, and PRLs to facilitate the uptake of mitigation measures taken by producers. These actions involved the following specific areas regarding the project’s EMMP:

About the adverse impact “fertilizer, pesticide and new seed use” CBSPs and PRLs facilitated the production of organic manure instead of the use of chemical fertilizers by CF producers (as part of their agricultural production system during the main growing season) and by vegetable gardeners (in home, market, and Oasis gardens), mainly during the off-season. - In all the communes of concentration, PRLs trained the CF producers and market garden groups on the production of the compost and the use of organic crop protection products to limit the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. These trainings have led to a significant increase in all the communes of concentration in the production of manure which producers prepare in heaps. In Niger, where market gardens have often been over-farmed (cultivated year-round), the intro- duction of crop rotations contributed to the fight against diseases and reduced pesticide use. - In regards to organic crop protection techniques, REGIS-ER made notable progress in Est Region (BF), where 78 producers were trained or received refresher training during the growing season and were put in contact with CBSP suppliers of Bioprotect organic products. In addition, the 78 producers then trained 124 CF cowpea groups. Project teams facilitated the establishment of sustainable supply systems for orders of improved seeds of controlled varieties developed by agricultural research for different agro-climatic zones. CLDs/CVDs promoted the use of improved seeds through CBSP/PRL services. This allowed CBSP seed producers, in relation with seed farms and community-based producers of improved seeds (such as “OP Hadinkay” of Yanta”, Filingué Commune [NG]), to set up sales points in the communes of concentration for improved seed that meet the technical standards of seed production. In Barsalogho Commune (Centre-Nord, BF), the project procured and distributed improved seeds (sorghum, millet and cowpeas) worth more than 3

32 million CFA ($5 309) through the CBSP / PRL platform in the commune in order to support the recovery of certain households affected by the intercommunity conflicts there.

About the adverse impact related to livestock activities The efforts of the ILs and PRLs mainly focused on meeting the commitments made by the habbanayé groups in terms of fodder production and cutting and conservation of natural fodder. This activity aims to reduce the pressure of animals on different types of pastures. - In Est Region (BF), the CVDs’ specialized commissions trained or provided refresher training for 84 CF lead producers in cutting and conservation of natural fodder. The lead producers then provided the training to 1 062 producers, including 832 women, in their various groups. - In Sahel Region (BF), women beneficiaries of habbanayé animal placements have already stored (at the end of September) more than 120 bales of hay. The storage of fodder will continue after the harvest with the collection of millet stalks which are also complementary foods for animals. In addition, CVDs sensitized households about making sure that animals kept in their courtyards would be well guarded so as to avoid any contact with cooking utensils and drinking water. - In Tondikandia Commune (Tillabéri Region, NG), the CLDs of Sourgho Koira, Loki Damana, and Boudé seeded pastureland that had been recovered in 2017 to increase forage for animals. In addition, 707 beneficiaries of habbanayé operations planted 273.5 hectares of cowpea to serve a dual purpose -- as forage and for human consumption. - In Centre-Nord Region, the development of previously established pastoral sites was extended to 68 more hectares to increase pastureland and the sale of poultry feed and salt licks by CBSPs. The benefits of these activities have become increasingly clear to producers because in addition to the environmental objectives, these activities have direct impacts on the nutritional status of their animals, and on their productive performance (milk, meat).

About the adverse impact related to water services The deterioration of the security situation in the project's ZOI in Burkina Faso did not allow for the monitoring of water quality at borehole sites which had been called for in the Water Quality Assurance Plan (WQAP). However, in Niger, in order to ensure water quality assurance for boreholes of less than twelve months, the project commissioned the regional water services to conduct two physicochemical and bacteriological analyses in accordance with the WQAP.

The PRL/CVD-CLD Coaches promoted good hygiene and sanitation in coaching CVD/CLDs and Water User Associations (Associations des Usagers de l’Eau, AUE)/Water Point Management Committees (Comités de Gestion des Points d’Eau, CGPE) in the villages of concentration across Burkina and Niger. - The evaluation of this activity in Est Region in September 2019 indicated that 84% of the AUEs evaluated maintain adequate hygiene and cleanliness standards for the drinking water chain. - In the Balleyara area (Tillabéri South), the CLD/CVDs are promoting in their villages a borehole management system in which payment of water services is based on an income/operating account and which therefore enables communities to set aside enough resources for an annual water quality analysis. REGIS-ER believes this action should be encouraged and strengthened so that it can serve as a potential model at the national level for managing drinking water services. In conclusion, it should be noted that during this sustainability-focused close-out phase of the project, fulfilling REGIS-ER’s contractual commitments under the EMMP consists of fostering ownership of the EMMP best practices by the various ILs and CBSPs / PRLs.

VII. Project management

Program Support

In FY19, REGIS-ER’s program support focused on the implementation of the close-out strategy, particularly on closing of the Maradi, Zinder, and Kaya regional offices on September 30, 2019, on laying the groundwork for implementation of the youth-oriented activities under the SDP, and on continuing capitalization efforts in the eight target communes during the Cost Extension period.

Human Resources (HR) During this transitional phase, Human Resources Management focused on: 1. collaborating with national labor agencies and REGIS-ER legal advisors to ensure compliance with the law in each country on terminating employment contracts “for economic reasons”; 2. communicating and sharing information with project staff and partners.

The table below presents REGIS-ER’s staffing situations at key stages: the beginning and end of FY19 and the effects of the December 31, 2018 withdrawal from 13 communes on the size of project staff:

Table 11: Breakdown of project staff at key stages of 2019

Category/Date October 1, 2018 January 1, 2019 October 1, 2019 Variation Country Niger BF Total Niger BF Total Niger BF Total Niger BF Total Expatriates 2 0 2 2 0 2 1 0 1 -1 0 -1 TCNs (Third Country

Nationals) 1 3 4 2 1 3 2 1 3 1 -2 -1

National Staff: NCBA

CLUSA 90 62 152 64 43 107 50 36 86 -40 -26 -66

National Staff: Partners 31 21 52 9 6 15 5 5 10 -26 -16 -42

Total 124 86 210 77 50 127 58 42 100 -66 -44 -110

Administration, Finance, and Operations Throughout FY19, the Program Support team continued to fulfill its primary role of supporting implementation of project activities in an efficient, effective manner and in full compliance with NCBA CLUSA’s (and USAID’s) policies and procedures. This work included: 1. Monitoring and enforcing internal control procedures; 2. Producing timely and accurate financial reports to NCBA CLUSA and for USAID; 3. Facilitating a NCBA CLUSA internal audit, which concluded that REGIS-ER had made substantial progress in monitoring and enforcing its internal controls; and 4. Transferring small equipment and office furnishings to ILs (communes, government technical services, CWGs, and CBSP/PRL platforms) in the communes of concentration in the regions of Centre-Nord (BF) and Zinder and Maradi (NG).

Key challenge Staff retention has been and remains a major challenge, particularly with regards to the launching of new USAID-funded projects in Burkina Faso and Niger and the weak attraction of a project like REGIS-ER which is in its close-out phase and which can only offer short-term contracts when it recruits replacements for departing employees. To mitigate the potential effects of massive staff departures on REGIS-ER’s activities and expected results, project management took mitigating measures, such as the development of a succession plan and the adoption of flexible procedures to accelerate recruitment.

Grants Management In FY19, grants management unit focused primarily on monitoring activities and closing out agreements with beneficiaries, sub-grantees and recipients of large grants; and on ensuring compliance with the grants and sub-agreements. The unit also contributed significantly to the development of a new grants strategy aligned with the Sahel Development Partnership and the reorientation of the project towards youth activities under the Cost Extension. Below are two tables, one with a list of sub-grants and large grants that were closed in FY19 and the other with a list of the partnerships that will remain active through the end of FY20:

Table 12: List of sub-grants and large grants closed as of September 30, 2019

Organizations Country Activities Closure date A2N Burkina Faso Capacity building, conflict management December 31, 2018 ONF-BF Burkina Faso Governance: securing land tenure December 31, 2018 AREN Niger Livestock & pastoral systems management October 30, 2018 APOR Niger Capacity building, PO development December 31, 2018 ADROC Niger Governance, PO, training September 30, 2019 PRACTICA BF and Niger Home and OASIS Gardening June 30, 2019

Table 13: Local and international implementing partners extended through September 30, 2020

Organizations Country Activities Status MWANGAZA Burkina Faso/Niger Community health Active ACTION SHELADIA Burkina Faso/Niger Irrigation and M&E Active EAA Niger Water/sanitation Active

Cost Share NCBA CLUSA was awarded a $6,606,509 Cost Extension under the REGIS-ER agreement through December 2020, which brought the total program budget to a maximum of $76,645,520 and the cost share obligation to $7,810,178.49. In FY19, the total cost share reported was $4,274,409.90, bringing the total cost share collected to date to $10,416,858.87, which greatly exceeds the amount required ($7,810,178.49). This achievement does

35 not exclude the capturing and materializing of cost share contributions during the cost extension period and related to the grants activities and program.

Table 14: Summary of Cost Share Contributions as of September 30, 2019 Activities Through Sept. Targets FY19 Actuals Cumulative 2018 (A) FY19 (B)* (C) (D = A + C) Livestock and Poultry $224,289.17 $0.00 $48,857.94 $273,282.23 Agriculture Inputs and Labor $3,521,334.77 $0.00 $4,148,840.05 $7,670,039.80 Latrines, Boreholes, Wells $1,193,993.06 $0.00 $0.00 $1,193,993.06 URC’s Cost Share $187,271.39 $0.00 $76,711.91 $263,983.30 Partnerships $568,954.09 $0.00 $0.00 $568,954.09 Trainings $9,596.41 $0.00 $0.00 $9,596.41 Upward Adjustment $437,010.00 $0.00 $0.00 $437,010.00 Total $6,142,448.87 $0.00 $4,274,409.90 $10,416,858.87

* NCBA CLUSA has already reached the overall target, so there is no target for FY19 or FY20.

Effects of the Security Situation on Project Management and Operations In FY19, there was a surge of insecurity in four of REGIS-ER’s six regions of intervention (Centre-Nord, Sahel, and Est [BF] and Tillabéri [NG]) which shows no sign of abating. The deterioration, which was particularly rapid and worrisome in Burkina, has had a significant impact on project implementation. In BF, the insecurity obliged the project to limit staff travel and adapt its mode of intervention to new realities – i.e., to develop innovative ways of working. In NG, project implementation was also disrupted, albeit less so than in Burkina.

In Burkina Faso In five of the six communes of concentration in the three aforementioned regions, insecurity deteriorated to the point that the PRL/CVD Coaches, who are based in the commune “capital” and who work in villages coaching PRLs and CVDs, could only travel to nearby villages in their communes or could no longer to any villages. The team of Project Coaches, who are based in the regional capitals and who coach the CM and CWG leaders in the communes, were equally restricted. In some cases, they were occasionally able to travel to the commune capitals; in others, they were not. REGIS-ER’s work in Manni Commune (Est Region) was the only exception; the teams of Project Coaches and of PRL/CVD Coaches continued to work there normally, although the Fada-based team of Project Coaches had to make a lengthy detour, which added four or five hours to the trip, in order to reach Manni.

In September 2018, just before the start of FY19, the gendarmerie in Gayérie town was attacked and security in Gayérie Commune (Est Region) has remained problematic ever since. The insecurity has adversely affected project implementation in Gayérie more than in any other commune, as the team of Project Coaches in Fada N’Gourma was only able to travel to Gayérie on rare occasions in FY19. This, of course, significantly reduced the effectiveness of their coaching of the CM and CWG. As for the two PRL/CVD Coaches in Gayérie, who travel by motorcycle, they were limited to visiting nearby villages. Thus, much of REGIS-ER’s coaching in Gayérie Commune was done by phone or when CM and CWG leaders traveled to Fada or when PRLs and CVD leaders went to Gayérie (on market days).

On January 1, 2019, an inter-ethnic conflict broke out in Barsalogho Commune (Centre-Nord Region) in the wake of the assassination of a village chief. From that time until the end of FY19, when REGIS-ER

36 withdrew from the region, project implementation became increasingly difficult. The PRL/CVD Coaches who were not based in Barsalogho town were reassigned there, but they were no longer able to travel to all of their villages. The PRL/CVD Coaches had to limit their travel to certain areas in the southern part of the commune. As for the Kaya-based team of Project Coaches, their missions to the towns of Barsalogho and Bouroum, the second commune of intervention in the region, became less and less frequent. In Bouroum Commune, the two PRL/CVD Coaches were based in Tougouri, a town located on the national highway south of the commune, as it was thought to be safer than Bouroum town. In fact, the gendarmerie in Tougouri was attacked in March 2019.

On May 31, 2019, the project suspended all staff travel within Sahel Region, both from the regional capital, Dori, to Seytenga and Sebba Communes and within the two communes, because the security risk at that given time (in the midst of an ongoing military operation) was deemed to be excessive. Travel between Dori and Sebba town and within Sebba Commune was particularly problematic. By the end of FY19, the project had authorized travel between Dori and Seytenga town and very limited excursions from Seytenga to villages in the vicinity.

By the end of FY19, Burkina had several hundred thousand Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), large numbers of them in Centre Nord Region. One of these IDPs was none other than Alimata Korogo, the subject of REGIS-ER’s success story, “Building Resilient Communities for Lasting Progress”, that was published in the May 2019 Feed the Future newsletter. (She has displayed remarkable resilience in the face of this unfroeseen circumstance.)

In Niger In Niger, the security situation in Tillaberi Region in FY19 was precarious and volatile, albeit less so than in Burkina. Project operations in the Balleyara area (“Tillabéri South Region”), where three of the project’s communes of intervention are located, continued with less disruption than in other REGIS-ER communes (those in BF and Sakoira Commune in Tillabéri North). However, as security incidents intensified in the northern, border areas of Tillabéri Region and the flow of IDPs continued southward, the situation in the region clearly deteriorated, although not as rapidly as in Burkina. Perspectives for FY20 At security meetings which the project Chief of Party attended in Burkina towards the end of FY19, experts concluded that the situation would undoubtedly get worse before it gets better. In Niger, this is also the expectation for Tillabéri Region.

Of course, the difficulties of implementing the project and achieving sustainable impact increase proportionately to insecurity. In the current context, leaders and members of Local Institutions, the nexus of REGIS-ER’s sustainability strategy, want to be low profile because of the threats they face. One mayor in BF put it this way: “If we show people that we are succeeding, we will have problems.” This reality could adversely affect implementation of REGIS-ER’s grants program in FY20 – both the community grants (habbanayé and borehole rehabilitation) and those that target youth. The hand-over of project equipment to ILs, especially vehicles and motorcycles, could also cause a potential problem for the recipients.

VIII. Appendices

Annex 1: Table on Indicators of Project Performance ...... 39 Annex 2: Status of the PCPRs...... 67 Annex 3: Success story...... 69 Annex 4: List of communes of non-concentration where exit ...... and capitalization workshops took place in March-April 2019 ...... 71 Annex 5: Recommendations of the participants presented before the Minister of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development ...... 71 Annex 6: Commitments made by the DFSAs at the September 2019 workshop to share REGIS- ER’s experience on PCPRs in Maradi and Zinder Regions ...... 73 Annex 7: Collaboration with Other Projects and Government Technical Services...... 74

Annex 1: Table on Indicators of Project Performance

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 1: Increased and Sustainable Economic Well-Being Intermediate Result 1.1: Diversified Economic Opportunities Total 92% 84% 91% 92% 84% 91% 84% 1.1.1. Percentage of Niger 92% 85% 92% 92% 85% 92% 85% households reporting Women 0% 20% 9% increase in income from Men 0% 80% 91% off-farm (out of rainfed agriculture) economic Burkina 92% 83% 90% 92% 83% 90% 83% opportunities Women 0% 30% 7% Men 0% 70% 93% Total 5 250 5 056 96% 5 250 5 001 95% 5 250 Niger 4 400 4 223 96% 4 400 4 181 95% 4 400 New 0 0 Continuing 4 400 4 181 Women 1 190 3 094 Men 3 210 1 087 1.1.2. Number of full- time equivalent (FTE) Rural 4 400 4 181 jobs created with USG Urban 0 0 assistance (C ) Burkina 850 833 98% 850 821 97% 850 New 250 35 Continuing 600 786 Women 172 491 Men 678 330 Rural 825 821

Urban 25 0 Total 123 075 116 075 94% 11 000 11 560 105% 8 000 Niger 82 123 77 623 95% 6 000 6 345 106% 4 500 1.1.3. Number of Women 5 803 individuals trained in Men 542 skills relevant for off- season labor (NC) Burkina 40 952 38 452 94% 5 000 5 215 104% 3 500 Women 3 763 Men 1 452

Intermediate Result 1.2. Production and Marketing Scale up

Total 180 000 171 983 96% 167 200 132 128 79% 140 000

Niger 105 000 102 719 98% 97 800 77 608 79% 81 000 Women 29 361 65 673 Men 68 439 11 935 New 4 930 5 542 1.2.1. Number of farmers who have Continuing 92 870 72 066 applied IMPROVED Harnessed CF-FMNR 3 267 6 045 TECHNOLOGIES OR Manual CF-FMNR 15 936 10 854 MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (C) Single CF-FMNR 2 198 2 990 BDL 11 030 10 058 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 2 940 538 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”)

Irrigation/gardening 5 869 5 201 Crop genetics 3 306 10 797 Pest/Disease 979 2 707 management Animal fattening/ 9 307 4 384 Habbanaye Conserv. Harvests, transform. 43 038 24 034 Warrantage, etc. Burkina 75 000 69 264 92% 69 400 54 520 79% 59 000 Women 45 163 41 010 Men 24 237 13 510 New 4 000 2 452 Continuing 65 400 52 068 Harnessed CF-FMNR 12 372 16 468 Manual CF-FMNR 25 490 17 034 Single CF-FMNR 892 3 243 BDL 6 948 5 348 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 5 701 2 354 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 2 034 2 180 Crop genetics 1 453 1 328 Pest/Disease 695 1 104 management

Animal fattening/ 5 558 2 977 Habbanaye Conserv. Harvests, transform. 8 257 2 484 Warrantage, etc. 140 Total 180 000 171 983 96% 167 200 132128 79% 000 Niger 105 000 102 719 98% 97 800 77608 79% 81 000 Women 68 439 65 673 Men 29 361 11 935 New 5 542 Continuing 72 066 Harnessed CF-FMNR 6 045 EG.3.2-24 Number of persons in the Manual CF-FMNR 10 854 agricultural system who Single CF-FMNR 2 990 have applied improved technologies or BDL 10 058 management practices with USG assistance. Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 538 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”)

Irrigation/gardening 5 201 Crop genetics 10 797

Pest/Disease 2 707 management Animal fattening/ 4 384 Habbanaye Conservation Harvests, 24 034 transformation Warrantage-Market 0 Information Burkina 75 000 69 264 92% 69 400 54 520 79% 59 000 Women 45 163 41 010 Men 24 237 13 510 New 2 452 Continuing 52 068 Harnessed CF-FMNR 16 468

Manual CF-FMNR 17 034

Single CF-FMNR 3 243 BDL 5 348 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 2 354 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”)

Irrigation/gardening 2 180

Crop genetics 1 328 Pest/Disease 1 104 management Animal fattening/ 2 977 Habbanaye Conservation Harvests, 2 484 transformation Warrantage-Market 0 Information Total 82 530 76 361 93% 70 513 52 100 74% 70 500 Niger 34 329 32 868 96% 32 175 24 405 76% Women 5 817 4 243 Men 26 358 20 162 New 2 000 2 693 Continuing 30 175 21 712 1.2.2. Number of Harnessed CF-FMNR 5 111 3 622 hectares under Manual CF-FMNR 11 841 9 752 improved management practices or Single CF-FMNR 3 441 4 222 technologies with USG BDL 588 446 assistance (C) Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 4 783 766 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 312 472 Crop genetics 5 567 5 108

Pest/Disease 531 16 management Burkina 48 201 43 493 90% 38 338 27 695 72% Women 11 300 14 136 Men 27 038 13 559 New 2 000 9 036 Continuing 36 338 18 659 Harnessed CF-FMNR 8 133 7 334 Manual CF-FMNR 20 631 10 305 Single CF-FMNR 45 2 440 BDL 851 171 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 2 881 2 133 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 62 59 Crop genetics 5 705 3 962 Pest/Disease 30 1 290 management Total 70 513 76 361 108% 60 800 52 100 86% 70 500 EG.3.2-25 Number of Niger 32 175 32 868 102% 27 500 24 405 89% hectares under improved technologies Women 4 817 4 243 or management Men 22 683 20 162 practices with USG New assistance. 2 693 Continuing 21 712

Harnessed CF-FMNR 3 622

Manual CF-FMNR 9 752 Single CF-FMNR 4 222 BDL 446 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 766 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 472 Crop genetics 5 108 Pest/Disease 16 management Protected area (soil 0 protection, etc.) Reserve 0 Burkina 38 338 43 493 113% 33 300 27 695 83% Women 11 300 14 136 Men 22 000 13 559 New 9 036 Continuing 18 659 Harnessed CF-FMNR 7 334 Manual CF-FMNR 10 305 Single CF-FMNR 2 440

BDL 171 Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 2 133 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 59 Crop genetics 3 962 Pest/Disease 1 290 management Protected area (soil 0 protection, etc.)

Reserve 0 Total 583 572 98% 500 531 106% 583 Niger 480 472 98% 430 472 110% 480 Women 250 364 1.2.2.bis.Hectares under new or Men 8 180 108 improved/rehabilitated New 0 145 irrigation or drainage Continuing 430 327 services as a result of USG assistance Burkina 103 100 97% 70 59 85% 103 (disaggregated by new Women 38 52 vs continuing) (C) Men 32 7 New 3 30 Continuing 67 29 Total 228 000 219 513 96% 10 000 10 602 106% 6 600

Niger 115 000 113 022 98% 3 000 3 133 104% 2 000 Women 2 000 2 765 Men 1 000 368 Producers 2 910 3 106 People in government 50 19 1.2.3. Number of CBSPs, Service individuals who have Providers (private 40 8 received USG- sector) supported short-term agricultural sector Burkina 113 000 106 491 94% 7 000 7 469 107% 4 600 productivity or food Women 5 000 6 094 security training (NC) Men 2 000 1 375 Producers 6 850 7 464 People in government 100 0 CBSPs, Service Providers (private 50 5 sector) Total 228 000 219 513 96% 10 000 10 602 106% 6 600 Niger 115 000 113 022 98% 3 000 3 133 104% 2 000 Women 2 000 2 765 EG3.2 (1.2.3.bis.) Men 1 000 368 Number of persons Producers participating in the 3 106 USG’s food security People in government 19 program. (NC) CBSPs, Service Providers (private 8 sector) Burkina 113 000 106 491 94% 7 000 7 469 107% 4 600

Women 5 000 6 094 Men 2 000 1 375 Producers 7 464

People in government 0 CBSPs, Service Providers (private 5 sector) Total 11 515 10 955 95% 5 220 2 625 50% 560 Niger 5 218 4 918 94% 1 960 1 530 78% 330 New 0 132 1.2.4. Number of for- Continuing 1 960 1 398 profit private Civil society, NGOs, 161 0 enterprises, producers CBOs organizations, water CBSPs 17 103 users associations, women's Cooperative 75 7 groups, trade and Gardening Group 2 business associations, CF 776 150 and community-based organizations (CBOs) BDL 373 83 receiving USG food Habbanaye 164 119 security-related Poultry farming 13 0 organizational development assistance Animal fattening 105 14 during the reporting Water management 42 74 year (C) committee Women’s group 0 211 NRM Committee 6 2 SCAP-RU / CVD 20 69

COFOB / CFV 0 95 COFOCOM / SFR 1 0 Other groups 207 812 Burkina 6 297 6 037 96% 3 260 1 095 34% 230 New 60 84 Continuing 3 200 1 011 Civil society, NGOs, 53 0 CBOs CBSPs 0 90 Cooperative 9 0 Gardening Group 10 CF 2 549 217 BDL 246 2 Habbanaye 231 90 Poultry farming 17 0 Animal fattening 42 13 Water management 16 77 committee Women’s group 0 340 NRM Committee 32 0 SCAP-RU / CVD 0 53 COFOB / CFV 0 147 COFOCOM / SFR 0 0 Other groups 65 396 Total 7 534 7 154 95% 5 320 5 377 101% 380

Niger 3 645 3 395 93% 2 650 2 860 108% 200 New 50 494 Continuing 2 600 2 366 Civil society, NGOs, 430 0 CBOs CBSPs 5 103 Cooperative 17 1 1.2.5. Number of for- profit private CF 1 095 949 enterprises, producers BDL 390 320 organizations, water Pastoral or users associations, Agricultural 100 12 women’s groups, trade CES/DRS and business Irrigation/gardening 110 146 associations and community-based Habbanaye 378 350 organizations (CBOs) Poultry farming 0 0 that applied improved Animal fattening 17 59 organization-level Water management technologies or 91 69 management practices committee with USG assistance Women’s group 0 256 (C) NRM Committee 5 0 SCAP-RU / CVD 12 0 COFOB / CFV 0 7 COFOCOM / SFR 0 0 Other groups 0 844 Burkina 3 889 3 759 97% 2 670 2 517 94% 180 New 100 103

Continuing 2 570 2 414 Civil society, NGOs, 15 0 CBOs CBSPs 20 97 Cooperative 6 0 CF 1 939 1 677 BDL 229 150 Pastoral or Agricultural 113 49 CES/DRS Irrigation/gardening 51 13 Habbanaye 119 26 Poultry farming 4 12 Animal fattening 100 9 Water management 50 71 committee Women’s group 0 188 NRM Committee 4 0 SCAP-RU / CVD 0 0 COFOB / CFV 0 0 COFOCOM / SFR 0 0 Other groups 20 413 1.2.6. Number of Total (CBSP) 672 372 55% 390 372 95% 560 firms/enterprises/CBSP Niger 418 268 64% 230 268 117% 400 s involved in service Women 70 104 57 104 provision and/or agricultural product Men 348 164 173 164 transformation relating Burkina 254 104 41% 160 104 65% 160

Performance Disaggregations Target FY20 Indicators LOP Performance Report FY19 Performance Report LOP Target Cumulative Percent Target FY19 FY19 Percentage Achieved Achievement Achievement achieved Inception to of LOP FY19 Target Date Target to food security now Women 47 21 44 21 operating more profitably (at or above Men 207 83 116 83 cost) (NC) Total 269 093 266 093 99% 51 000 29 907 59% 23 600 Niger 161 245 159 245 99% 33 000 20 480 62% 16 000 New 3 000 3 683 Continuing 30 000 16 797 Female Head of 2 400 798 household Male Head of 30 600 19 682 household 1.2.7. Number of Rural 33 000 20 453 households benefiting directly from USG Urban 0 27 assistance under Feed Burkina 107 848 106 848 99% 18 000 9 427 52% 7 600 the Future (C) New 3 000 1 358 Continuing 15 000 8 069 Female Head of 1 350 242 household Male Head of 16 650 9 185 household Rural 18 000 9 423 Urban 0 4 Intermediate Result 1.3: Improved access to financial services

1.3.1 Value of Total 2 185 141 2 143 641 98% 200 000 151 398 76% 41 500 agricultural and rural Niger 1 367 216 1 351 716 99% 100 000 27 965 28% 7 500 loans as a result of USG Women 44 000 27 451

Performance Disaggregations Target FY20 Indicators LOP Performance Report FY19 Performance Report LOP Target Cumulative Percent Target FY19 FY19 Percentage Achieved Achievement Achievement achieved Inception to of LOP FY19 Target Date Target assistance (in $USD) Men 56 000 514 (NC) Producers 100 000 27 965 Local 0 traders/assemblers Others 0 Burkina 817 925 791 925 97% 100 000 123 433 123% 34 000 Women 38 000 86 787 Men 62 000 36 646 Producers 100 000 123 433 Local 0 0 traders/assemblers Others 0 0 Total 2 151 323 200 000 159 081 80% 41 500 Niger 1 359 399 100 000 35 648 36% 10 000 Women 27 785 Men 7 863 Amount of credit in EG.3.2-27. Value of 27 965 cash agricultural financing attributed to USG Amount of credit in- 0 assistance (in $USD) kind (NC) Amount of 7 683 donation/grant Producers 35 648 Local traders/ 0 suppliers

Others 0 Burkina 791 924 100 000 123 433 123% 31 500 Women 86 787 Men 36 646 Amount of credit in 123 433 cash

Amount of credit in- 0 kind

Amount of 0 donation/grant Producers 123 433 Local traders/ 0 suppliers Others 0 Total 699 223 639 223 91% 235 000 215 378 92% 44 000 Niger 434 296 394 296 91% 165 000 157 491 95% 32 000 1.3.1. bis Value of Women 160 000 156 816 SECCA loans (in Men 5 000 675 $USD) (NC) Burkina 264 927 244 927 92% 70 000 57 887 83% 12 000 Women 60 000 54 883 Men 10 000 3 004 1.3.3. Number of active Total 1 350 1 251 93% 1 300 1 086 84% 1 350 informal savings and Niger 740 759 103% 1 000 790 79% 740 loan groups strengthened (C) New 200 188

Continuing 800 602 Burkina 610 492 81% 300 296 99% 610 New 50 40

Continuing 250 256

Total 2 303 666 2 089 866 91% 450 000 414 611 92% 213 800 Niger 1 337 351 1 195 351 89% 250 000 299 800 120% 154 000 Women 200 000 299 295 Men 50 000 505 Saving from SECCA 230 000 294 308 groups 1.3.4. Value of savings Guarantee Fund 20 000 5 366 accumulated by project Other funds 0 126 beneficiaries (in USD) (NC) Burkina 966 315 894 515 93% 200 000 114 811 57% 59 800 Women 180 000 107 579 Men 20 000 7 231 Saving from SECCA 175 000 87 797 groups Guarantee Fund 25 000 22 919 Other funds 0 4 095 Total 1 100 1 006 91% 150 59 39% 130 1.3.5. Number of micro, small, and medium Niger 750 666 89% 50 8 16% 60 enterprises (MSMEs), Women 20 7 including farmers, Men 30 1 receiving agricultural- Burkina 350 340 97% 100 51 51% 70

Performance Disaggregations Target FY20 Indicators LOP Performance Report FY19 Performance Report LOP Target Cumulative Percent Target FY19 FY19 Percentage Achieved Achievement Achievement achieved Inception to of LOP FY19 Target Date Target related credit as a result Women 50 32 of USG assistance (NC) Men 50 19 STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 2: Strengthened Governance and Institutions Total 160 119 74% 117 119 102% 160 Niger 90 61 68% 55 61 111% 90 New 5 0 Continuing 50 61 Commune Development Plan 0 1 (PDC) Management Plan for 34 39 sub-zones 2.A. Number of Management Plan for community-level plans 14 15 village land implemented with NRM, conflict Local Conventions 7 6 management or DRM Burkina 70 58 83% 62 58 94% 70 components (C) New 6 0 Continuing 58 58 Commune Development Plan 2 4 (PDC) Management Plan for 24 20 sub-zones Management Plan for 29 29 village land Local Conventions 7 5

Total 115 000 110 151 96% 101 110 82 313 81% 115 000 Niger 52 000 48 219 93% 45 525 35 686 78% 52 000 Women 19 574 22 686 Men 25 951 13 000 New 1 100 1 235 Continuing 44 425 34 451 Harnessed CF-FMNR 5 929 6 045 Manual CF-FMNR 19 399 10 854 Single CF-FMNR 2 191 2 990 2.B. Number of people BDL 8 923 10 058 using climate Pastoral or information or Agricultural Soil and implementing risk- Water Conservation/ reducing actions to 3 091 538 Soil Protection and improve resilience to Restoration climate change as (“CES/DRS”) supported by USG assistance (C) Irrigation/gardening 5 992 5 201 Burkina 63 000 61 932 98% 55 585 46 627 84% 63 000 Women 32 985 21 840 Men 22 600 24 787 New 2 000 1 266 Continuing 53 585 45 361 Harnessed CF-FMNR 14 477 16 468 Manual CF-FMNR 21 813 17 034 Single CF-FMNR 1 130 3 243 BDL 10 387 5 348

Pastoral or Agricultural Soil and Water Conservation/ 5 906 2 354 Soil Protection and Restoration (“CES/DRS”) Irrigation/gardening 1 872 2 180

Intermediate Result 2.1: Strengthened natural resource management

Total 1 292 1 127 87% 131 299 228% 165 Niger 709 643 91% 52 183 352% 66 New 18 Continuing 165 Municipal Council 10 8 (CM) Citizen Working 10 8 Groups (CWG) 2.1.1. Number of CLD/CVD 20 165 institutions, local structures set up or Service Providers 12 2 strengthened thank to Other Groups 0 0 the USG assistance Burkina 583 484 83% 79 116 147% 99 (NC) New 5 Continuing 111 Municipal Council 25 6 (CM) Citizen Working 22 6 Groups (CWG) CLD/CVD 20 99 Service Providers 12 5

Other Groups 0 0 Total 9 550 9 426 99% 450 399 89% 150 Niger 3 550 3 379 95% 150 242 161% 100 Women 60 20 2.1.2. Number of Men 90 222 community residents Youth (18-30ans) 0 33 participating in NRM meetings (NC) Burkina 6 000 6 047 101% 300 157 52% 50 Women 110 14 Men 190 143 Youth (18-30ans) 0 0 Total 2 350 500 1 390 315 59% 2 350 500 1 390 315 59% 2 350 500 Niger 663 500 623 580 94% 663 500 623 580 94% 663 500 2.1.3. Number of New 0 hectares under natural Continuing 623 580 resource management plans (CL) (C) Burkina 1 687 000 766 735 45% 1 687 000 766 735 45% 1 687 000 New 0 Continuing 766 735

Intermediate Result 2.2: Strengthened disaster risk management

Total 1 100 912 83% 100 285 285% 120 2.2.1. Number of Niger 630 556 88% 50 0 0% 80 people trained in Women 120 10 0 disaster preparedness as a result of USG Men 510 40 0 assistance (NC) Burkina 470 356 76% 50 285 570% 40 Women 50 15 29

Men 420 35 256 Total 21 16 76% 21 16 76% 21 2.2.2. Number of Niger 21 16 76% 21 16 76% 21 communities with disaster early warning New 0 0 and response (EWR) Continuing 21 16 systems working Burkina 0 0 0% 0 0 0% 0 effectively as a result of USG assistance(C) New 0 0 Continuing 0 0 Intermediate Result 2.3: Strengthened Conflict Management Total 700 674 96% 560 572 102% 700 Niger 210 197 94% 230 95 41% 210 New 0 14 Continuing 230 81 Conflict prevention 2.3.1. Number of 230 95 systems conflict prevention systems, conflict Conflict assessments 230 95 assessments, or systems response mechanisms supported by USG Response mechanism 230 95 assistance (C) Burkina 490 477 97% 330 477 145% 490 New 0 0 Continuing 330 477 Conflict prevention 330 477 systems

Conflict assessments 330 477 systems

Response mechanism 330 477

Intermediate Result 2.4: Strengthened government and regional capacity and coordination Total 4 1 25% 4 0 0% 8 Niger 4 1 25% 4 0 0% 4 2.4.1. Number of local New 3 conventions integrated Continuing 1 into PDC/PCD (C) Burkina 0 0 0% 0 0 0% 4 New 0 Continuing 0 Total 630 615 98% 600 552 92% 630 Niger 470 462 98% 400 399 100% 470 New 36 63 Continuing 364 336 4D. Number of hectares Definitive Status 88 140 of farmland registered Temporary Status 312 259 in the name of women (C) Burkina 160 153 96% 200 153 76% 160 New 50 84 Continuing 150 69 Definitive Status 150 113 Temporary Status 50 40 STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 3: Improved health and nutritional status

Intermediate Result 3.1: Increased access to potable water

Total 568 424 75% 568 424 75% 568 Niger 253 167 66% 253 167 66% 253 3.1.1.a Number of Wells 20 20 20 water points built or Boreholes 233 233 147 repaired through REGIS-ER (C) Burkina 315 257 82% 315 257 82% 315 Wells 0 0 0 Boreholes 315 315 257 Total 109 850 105 450 96% 157 750 105 450 67% 109 850 Niger 37 250 35 250 95% 63 250 35 250 56% 37 250 3.1.1.b Number of Wells 5 000 5 000 5 000 individuals with access Boreholes 32 250 58 250 30 250 to an improved potable water source (C) Burkina 72 600 70 200 97% 94 500 70 200 74% 72 600 Wells 0 0 0 Boreholes 72 600 94 500 70 200 Total 18 800 18 568 99% 19 590 18 904 96% 19 590 Niger 15 800 15 513 98% 15 800 15 779 100% 15 800 3.1.3 a Number of Pit latrine with slab 14 400 13 591 15 779 improved sanitation Ventilated improved facilities built or 1 400 2 209 0 repaired thanks to USG latrine assistance through Burkina 3 000 3 055 102% 3 790 3 125 82% 3 790 REGIS-ER (C) Pit latrine with slab 3 000 3 010 3 125 Ventilated improved 0 780 0 latrine Total 134 200 106 078 79% 129 500 106 078 82% 134 200

Niger 108 500 85 111 78% 103 800 85 111 82% 108 500 Pit latrine with slab 84 500 79 639 71 788 3.1.3.b Number of individuals with access Ventilated improved 24 000 24 161 13 322 to an improved latrine sanitation facility Burkina 25 700 20 967 82% 25 700 20 967 82% 25 700 thanks to USG assistance(C) Pit latrine with slab 20 700 20 774 13 387 Ventilated improved 5 000 4 926 7 580 latrine 3.1.3 c. Number of Total 163 146 90% 3 2 67% 163 OFD villages as a result Niger 125 113 90% 0 0 0% 125 of USG assistance through REGIS-ER Burkina 38 33 87% 3 2 67% 38 (NC) Intermediate Result 3.2: Improved Health and Nutrition Practices

Total 150 000 143 858 96% 35 500 25 936 73% 30 000 Niger 96 000 92 804 97% 17 000 16 492 97% 19 000 New 3 000 3 698 Continuing 14 000 12 794 3.2.2. Number of Female 8 840 8 391 children under 5 Male 8 160 8 101 reached by nutrition programs (C) BCC 17 000 16 492 Food Supplementation 0 0

Burkina 54 000 51 054 95% 18 500 9 444 51% 11 000 New 2 500 1 801

Continuing 16 000 7 643 Female 9 620 4 709 Male 8 880 4 735 BCC 18 500 9 444 Food 0 0 Supplementation Total 44 300 37 190 84% 28 900 11 992 41% 6 000 Niger 18 800 17 307 92% 14 700 7 787 53% 4 000 Female 7 500 3 948 3.2.2.bis Number of Male 7 200 3 839 children under two (0- 23 months) reached Continuing 11 200 4 132 with community-level New 3 500 3 655 nutrition interventions Burkina 25 500 19 883 78% 14 200 4 205 30% 2 000 through USG-supported programs (C) Female 7 200 2 166 Male 7 000 2 039 Continuing 11 200 2 519 New 3 000 1 686 3.2.2.a Number of Total 15 500 15 478 100% 1 500 3 090 206% 1 500 pregnant women Niger 10 000 10 603 106% 1 200 2 990 249% 1 300 reached with nutrition- Nutrition-BCC 10 000 1 200 2 990 specific interventions through USG-supported Burkina 5 500 4 875 89% 300 100 33% 200 programs (NC) Nutrition-BCC 5 500 300 100 3.2.4. Number of Total 330 000 316 893 96% 14 000 13 223 94% 6 000 people trained in child Niger 173 000 163 177 94% 13 000 12 586 97% 5 000 health and nutrition Women 154 000 12 466

Performance Disaggregations Target FY20 Indicators LOP Performance Report FY19 Performance Report LOP Target Cumulative Percent Target FY19 FY19 Percentage Achieved Achievement Achievement achieved Inception to of LOP FY19 Target Date Target thanks to USG through Men 19 000 120 REGIS-ER (NC) Burkina 157 000 153 716 98% 1 000 637 64% 1 000 Women 137 500 601 Men 19 500 36 Total 4 150 3 944 95% 6 Niger 3 450 3 294 95% 6 Women 2 300 2 Men 1 150 4 Degree seeking 3.2.4.bis HL.9-4 trainees 0 0 Number of individuals Non-Degree seeking receiving nutrition- 3 450 6 related professional trainees training through USG- Burkina 700 650 93% 0 supported programs (NC) Women 363 0 Men 337 0 Degree seeking 0 0 trainees Non-Degree seeking 510 0 trainees

Annex 2: Status of the PCPRs Status (at the end of FY 2019) of the Commune Resilience Plans (PCPRs) of the Municipal Councils in the Communes of Concentration As a reminder, the process of developing PCPRs takes place in six steps: 1. Launch date: a plenary session of the CM to present and validate the current resilience situation and form working groups 2. Working groups: problem analysis, identification, and planning to scale sustainability actions: 3. Plenary session on the results of the working groups 4. Synthesis of the results from the plenary session to draft the PCPR 5. Plenary session on validating the PCPR draft 6. CM session on the adoption of the PCPR

The six major steps in the process of developing a Commune Commune Resilience Plan (PCPR) Observations (Region) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Guidan Roumdji's PCPR was adopted on May 5, 2019. A key component of Guidan Roumdji's PCPR resource mobilization strategy is the revitalization of the Citizen Participation Cells (CPC), Guidan-Roumdji X X X X X X set up with the assistance of OXFAM. These groups encourage communities to pay their taxes, (Maradi) helping to boost the tax revenues of the Commune. The CM has already started mobilizing external resources to implement its PCPR. Sakoira’s PCPR was adopted on July 18 2019. The CM organized a round table with technical and Sakoira X X X X X X financial partners to seek the necessary financing for the implementation of the planned (Tillabéri North) activities and for the integration of the PCPR into the PDC. Tagazar X X X X X X Tagazar's PCPR was adopted on September 21, 2019. (Tillabéri South) Tondikandia X X X X X X Tondikandia’s PCPR was adopted on September 13, 2019. (Tillabéri South)

The project added Filingué as its 13th Commune of Concentration in anticipation of the "Cost Filingué Extension", and in accordance with USAID’s recommendation for the CE. The PCPR development X (Tillabéri South) process began during the third quarter. The working group session is scheduled from November 27-29, 2019 and the plenary session of the results for December 25-26, 2019.

Bandé (Zinder) X X X X X X Bandé’s PCPR was adopted on February 7, 2019. Droum (Zinder) X X X X X X Droum’s PCPR was adopted on February 12, 2019.

Barsalogho Barsalogho commune validated its PCPR, including a resource mobilization strategy, a PCPR X X X X X (Centre-Nord) integration guide in the PCD, and a summary of the PCPR. Bouroum Bouroum commune validated its PCPR, including a resource mobilization strategy, a PCPR X X X X X (Centre-Nord) integration guide in the PCD, and a summary of the PCPR. The new Commune Development Plan is currently being developed with the support of REGIS-ER (in collaboration with CERFOM, a consultancy firm) to integrate the Local Convention and PCPR. Gayéri X X The process is at the stage of budgeting and adoption by the CM. The problem analysis (Est) (diagnostic assessment) and the prioritization of activities took place at the end of July 2019. The CM session on the adoption of the PCPR will be held during the first quarter of FY20. Manni The latest version of the PCPR is available. The session of the CM for the adoption of the PCPR X X X X X (Est) will be held during the first quarter of FY20. Sebba Sebba’s PCPR was adopted on March 20, 2019. The CM has already started mobilizing external X X X X X X (Sahel) resources to implement its PCPR. Seytenga Seytenga commune scheduled the session for the adoption of its PCPR for October 2019. The CM X X X X X (Sahel) has already started to mobilize internal and external resources to implement its PCPR.

Annex 3: Success story

Sebba commune has its say with partners on resilience

The Municipal Council of Sebba (Sahel region, Burkina Faso) used its Commune Resilience Plan to guide the action of a partner project which planned to give small ruminants towards a sustainable habbanaye operation steered by the commune.

In 2019, REGIS-ER supported the Municipal Council [Conseil municipal (CM)] of Sebba to design it Commune Resilience Plan [Plan Communal pour la Promotion de la Résilience (PCPR)] to take full ownership of resilience matters in its communal planning. Local institutions as well technical services and partner projects highly appreciated the participative process the CM used to prepare this plan. RESA1, implemented by Humanity & Inclusion (formerly Handicap Inter-national), was one of these partner projects.

During the meeting on the preparation of the PCPR, the Municipal Council took stock of the various resilience activities undertaken in the commune, including habbanaye. This mutual assistance system within a community consists of loaning or giving an adult cow, goat or other animal to help a neighbor or family member in need to overcome tough times, build assets and create livestock-related income sources linked to agriculture (such as manure). When the animal gives birth, the original is returned to its owner or to another person in need and the baby is raised for milk and meat. The cycle continues as more breeding occurs, spreading the wealth of livestock throughout the community. During the meeting RESA took the opportunity to inform participants that its work plan included animal gifts (goats) and that the project was willing to fund any activity in the PCPR which directly targeted vulnerable people and which was requested by the commune.

These statements didn’t fall on deaf ears. The Sebba Mayor bears witness: “During the CM’s next session, several municipal councilors asked the commune to persuade the RESA project to authorize a habbanaye operation (which would sustainably increase goat assets) instead of simply handing out one-time gifts. As mayor, I personally saw evidence that habbanaye produced successful results in our commune. We, the Municipal Council, want to sustain and scale-up this activity which has been properly managed by local institutions and the Citizens Working Group2

1 RESA stands for “Renforcement durable de la résilience des communautés et des ménages vulnérables à l’insécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle de la province du Yagha”, or “Sustainable enhancement of resilience to food and nutrition insecurity among communities and vulnerable people in Yagha Province”. 2 In Burkina Faso, REGIS-ER set up the CWGs by going through Village Development Councils [Conseils Villageois de Développement (CVD)], which at a general assembly, elected members of the CWG Executive Committee and of its specialized commissions for best practices (for scaling-up habbanaye, Conservation Farming, and any other successful resilience activity identified by the stakeholders). CWGs closely monitor the status of resilience in their communes, anticipate impending problems and warn authorities about them; provide support and technical

(CWG). We’re in an area where livestock is the main livelihood and this activity has both a cultural and an economic dimension. Anybody, even the most vulnerable people, can successfully participate in a habbanaye activity; REGIS-ER’s experience produced positive results that convinced Sebba communities3. We (the Municipal Council) then contacted the RESA project and presented the CM’s proposition, explaining the merits of habbanaye and informing the project that we were ready to support the communities in implementing this activity. We also emphasized that this would create real happiness within the communities as they are quite familiar with and appreciate the activity which they have already conducted with REGIS-ER’s support.”

The system of passing on the animals really encouraged the CM to be proactive because, as the Secretary General of the commune confirmed, “it gives the commune the opportunity to reach many community members over the long term.” “Several projects or programs had already made animal gifts to assist communities, but didn’t have as much success as habbanaye did. Community leaders were often taken to task by some people who considered them to have influenced the choice of beneficiaries in favor of their friends and relatives. But, once communities realize that there is a system of rotation in place [after several month, the reproductive “kit” passes to another vulnerable family] and that a committee manages the operation, then they have hope that too can be beneficiaries. This strengthens social cohesion instead of creating suspicion.” In his opinion, “RESA’s participation at the preparation of the PCPR was a key triggering factor” in guiding the project towards an action that fit into the commune’s resilience plan and was sustainable.

Throughout the negotiating process, REGIS-ER coached the CM not only to strengthen its sense of empowerment in discussing with projects that intervene in the commune, but also to ensure that all relevant stakeholders are associated. That’s why the CM invited the CWG to give a testimonial to RESA about the effects of habbanaye, to explain how it is managed, and to inform RESA that the population at the village level would like partner projects to adopt the habbanaye approach.

The RESA project finally gave its green light: animals were placed in all 18 villages of the commune and the five districts of Sebba, always in the presence of representatives of the commune, the CWG and/or the CVD. RESA allocated a total amount of 7,700,000 CFA ($13,250) to this activity. In the end, 77 new households – including 57 among the 18 villages – got one billy goat and four nanny goats during this wave of placements. CWG members were on the selection committee for animal suppliers (breeders from the commune or the province were selected) and for beneficiaries, together with the staff of the RESA project. They are also part of the monitoring committee put in place.

The CVDs and CWG informed the population of the CM’s commitment to scaling-up habbanaye. The communities unanimously welcomed the CMs initiative to strengthen resilience to food and nutrition insecurity throughout the commune.

The CM’s success in influencing a partner reinforced its willingness to drive the PCPR agenda and ensure its implementation. From now on, the PCPR will be the entry point for projects and partners that wish to intervene in the commune in the realm of resilience. The commune now wants to incorporate the PCPR, a key element of its operational planning, into its Commune Development Plan [Plan Communal de Développement (PCD)] that must be updated. Building on this milestone, the commune is now actively seeking to identify partners that are willing to support this process.

assistance to the population (through CVDs); coordinate resilience activities in the commune that the CVDs conduct; support the CM in developing a resilience database and regularly assessing resilience activities; and advocate for measures that remove obstacles faced by people on their journey to self-reliance. 3 This was confirmed by the USAID-commissioned Cost-Benefit Analysis: "the Habbanayé intervention when coupled with the animal husbandry training is an efficient way to assist the most vulnerable households”.

Annex 4: List of communes of non-concentration where exit and capitalization workshops took place in March-April 2019

Country Region Number of Communes communes Maradi 1 Sabon Machi Niger Tillabéri 2 Imanan, Kourtheye Centre-Nord 6 Kongoussi and Tikaré in Bam Province; Nagbingou, Tougouri, and Yalgho in Namentenga Province; and Namissiguima in Sanmatenga Province. Nord 3 Ouindigui, Sollé, and Titao in Soum Province Burkina (covered by the Centre-Nord office) Faso Est 2 Bartiébougou, Foutouri Sahel 6 Bani, Dori, and Sampelga in Séno / Tankougounadié Province; Solhan and Titabé in Yagha Province Total 20

Annex 5: Recommendations of the participants presented before the Minister of Agriculture and Hydro-Agricultural Development At the end of the workshop, participants made recommendations on three key themes:

On governance and the implementation of law no. 034 - To make up for the absence of maps: • that the Commune, Land Registry Service (Cadastre), town planning, environment, agriculture, technical services, and Technical and Financial Partners (such as REGIS-ER) work in synergy to develop a land use plan; • that the commune and Land Registry Service proceed with the sectioning and registration of acquired land rights in order to facilitate the demarcation of land. - To prevent other land cases from being put aside/forgotten (renting land, title deed), the commune must promote other land use mechanisms (leases, loans, temporary authorizations). - To promote awareness and conflict resolution, the commune must set up the CFVs and CCFVs in villages where these structures are not installed (so as to promote local mediation in villages). - The State must urgently make available to other communes land use-related tools such as MAST to operationalize the law. - To avoid unsecured investments, communes and development partners must ensure that any land-related development in the commune effectively involves the commune and its SFR. - To sustain the gains:

• the commune must take ownership of law no. 034/2009; • communes must provide the necessary resources so that the activity of securing land tenure can pay for itself (by the issuance of APFRs); • partners must respect their commitments; • communes must create a budget line for activities of securing land tenure.

On the technical requirements for issuing land titles - To facilitate the process of obtaining APFRs: • In order to avoid overlap among the various services involved, the State must organize periodic consultations with stakeholders in the realm of land tenure (deconcentrated technical services and SFRs) and partners; • the State, the communes, and projects/programs must perform the land sectioning [“sectionnement”] exercise in all communes and ensure that the Land Registry Service (Cadastre) responds in a more timely manner to technical questions; • in order to address the functional difficulties of the land commissions (SFRs, CFVs and CCFVs) – especially the confusion about roles, insufficient training, and the fact that the commissions are not officially established and their members are not re-elected - - the State and local authorities must allocate increased human and material resources for the operation of the SFRs (such as an internet connection, means of transportation, etc.) • Rural Land Services (SFRs) in several communes must be pooled (land agents, topographers) so that all communes can benefit from their services; • The State and the communes must provide refresher training for the SFR agents on the use of MAST 2 and on a continuous basis. - in order to reduce the cost and improve access for rural populations, communes must lower the rates for the issuance of APFRs; and - communes must accelerate the preliminary formalities for the swearing in of (SFR) land agents and work in synergy with the TGIs. On community ownership of the land security process - For the promotion of local institutions: That the State take responsibility for enforcing the law by establishing all of the necessary management structures (CCFVs, CFVs). This is a matter of sovereignty and the State must take responsibility for this and not leave this up to NGOs; - For the process of establishing the bodies: that the commune and the State take sufficient time to explain the mandates of the local authorities (CCFVs and CFVs) and to determine how to best approach the different groups of strategic actors (land chief, village chief, district/neighborhood chief) before going to the General Assembly to address this subject; - For building the capacity of key actors: that the commune and the State ensure the training of the actors so that they can perform their tasks and play their intended roles: Knowledge of all legal instruments and mechanisms set up by law, training on conflict prevention/management.

Annex 6: Commitments made by the DFSAs at the September 2019 workshop to share REGIS-ER’s experience on PCPRs in Maradi and Zinder Regions

Summary of the commitments made by the three DFSA projects during the PCPR experience-sharing workshop in Maradi and Zinder Regions (September 2019)

During the workshop, the three DFSAs in Niger made strong commitments related to the implementation of the PCPRs in their communes of intervention.

The HAMZARI Project committed to building its interventions on the following achievements: - Local Institutions and their partners/constituent members at the village level; - The (nine) successful activities; - Commune ownership of resilience activities; - Commune Resilience Plans; - Local ownership (of REGIS-ER’s sustainability strategy); - Multi-stakeholder, consultative mechanism; - A commune-level committee for monitoring resilience to food and nutrition insecurity; and - Designation of a focal point by the Municipal Council for the project.

The WADATA Project committed to building its interventions on the following achievements: - The approach of setting up the CWGs and their partners/constituent members at the village level; - Support for resource mobilization; - The thousand-day approach; - The implementation of the PCPRs and CLs; - The process of encouraging the technical services to take ownership of REGIS-ER achievements; - Outreach regarding Local Conventions in communities; and - The organization of visits to facilitate the exchange of best practices.

The GIRMA Project committed to aligning its activities and accompaniment of Bandé Commune with its PCPR.

Annex 7: Collaboration with Other Projects and Government Technical Services

Collaboration with the other projects intervening in the communes of concentration

Country Region Type of collaboration Partner Time frame NG Start of collaboration with the NECS+ Project (Niger Education and Community Plan Niger and REGIS-ER January Strengthening Plus) to set up school gardens in the commune of Tagazar 2019 (combining REGIS-ER’s garden expertise with a network of qualified local resource persons for the establishment of gardens).

Capitalization Workshop on Savings and Internal Lending Communities (SILC), BRACED/SUR1M (Building Resilience and February which is similar to SECCA Adaptation to Climate Extremes and 2019 The departmental director for the promotion of women and children, and the Disasters / Scaling-up Resilience to mayor of Sakoira suggested that SUR1M managers should take inspiration from Climate Extremes for over 1 Million the REGIS-ER approach to improve accountability of local institutions. People in the Niger River Basin), funded by DFID and implemented by CRS Tillabéri

Launch of the CARES project. Mercy Corps informed REGIS-ER about the villages Mercy Corps April 2019 of intervention. There are 15 intervention villages in the following 4 communes: Tondikandia, Tagazar, Filingué and Imanan.

Launch of the project "Strengthening Nutrition Management in the Balleyara Islamic Relief April 2019 Health District".

Participation in the validation workshop of the contingency plan of Sakoira Médecins du Monde April 2019 Commune.

Consultative meetings among the humanitarian actors of the region and OCHA Jan.-Feb.- government technical services (Health, Agriculture, I3N, etc.). March and May 2019

Valorization of Service Providers with other projects: REGIS-ER with Pathfinder and Family January- Zinder - a Zinder region CBSP with Pathfinder for CF training, and CBSPs for Farming Development Program (ProDAF) February- contraceptive products; and (by commune) with the project RISE-PF March 2019 - a Bandé Female Poultry Vaccinator (FVV) for the health monitoring of small (Pathfinder)] ruminants and ProDAF.

Joint supervision of the integrated PF (Family Planning) / CF (Conservation REGIS-ER & RISE – PF (Pathfinder) April 2019 Farming) activities in 13 villages where the two projects intervene in Bandé and Droum Communes with the participation of CMs and CWGs. Direct exchanges between RISE II projects (WSRA, ViM Plus, Save the Children) REGIS-ER & USAID April 2019 with mayors, representatives of CWGs, CVDs, CBSPs, and PRLs. The exchanges focused on the adoption (based on concrete examples) of the strategy to Centre reinforce the sustainability of REGIS-ER’s achievements by local actors and the Nord centers of interest of these projects.

Participation in the review of the activities of the project "Purchasing in the WFP June 2019 Service of Progress" (P4P). Workshop on using water and health data to enhance urban development efforts NGO Water Initiative February 2019 BF

Est Workshop debrief partners on the results of the water quality monitoring project Gourma Water Agency March 2019

Regional consultation workshop for stakeholders in the improved traditional Food Security Project in Est Region May 2019 poultry sector of Est Region (PSAE) Meeting of NGOs implementing health - nutrition activities in the region Burkina Red Cross February 2019 Sahel Participation in the meeting of the consultation framework of NGOs working in UNICEF - Dori June 2019 the field of nutrition

Collaboration with government technical services

Country Region Type of collaboration Partner Time frame Meeting of the Food Security Working Group Regional Directorate of Agriculture Jan.-Feb. 2019

Meeting of the departmental consultation framework to present the physical Regional Directorate of Community February and financial achievements of NGOs and projects in Tillabéri Department Development 2019 NG Tillabéri Consultation Workshop on Resilience to Climate Change Departmental Monitoring Committee on January 2019 Food and Nutrition Security

Annual Health Indicators Review Workshop Balleyara Health District February 2019

Departmental Technical Committee Meeting on Food Security and Nutrition and Tillabéri Prefecture April 2019 Sustainable Agricultural Development

Participation in the second collective session of Tillabéri Regional Council Tillabéri Regional Council May 2019

The first i3N Regional Committee was held, followed by an i3N mission to Téloum Governor’s Office June 2019 village which was led by Technical Adviser, Boubacar Abdoul Razak, accompanied by the President of the Tillabéri Town Council, the Regional Directors of the Environment, Agriculture, Rural Engineering, Planning, Livestock, and Regional Coordinator of i3N Tillabéri. The exchanges focused on the successful activities: Habbanayé, SECCA, Market gardening, MtM, CF, and CLTS.

Participation in the forum on youth entrepreneurship funded by the International Regional Youth Council June 2019 Republican Institute (IRI)

Popularization workshop for the National Policy of Nutritional Security I3N/Ministry of Agriculture and the FAO June 2019

Maradi Mid-term analysis of planned activities in the Regional Development Plan (RDP) I3N June 2019

Monthly meetings of consultation between the humanitarian actors of the OCHA Jan.-Feb.- region and government technical services (health, agriculture, I3N, etc.) March 2019

Two workshops on working capital of fertilizers and feed for livestock, financed CAIMA (Procurement Center for February and by the German/FKW cooperation [report made to the CMs of Bandé and Droum Agricultural Inputs and Equipment) March 2019 so that the communes can have this information to consider the new agricultural and Governor’s Office of Zinder campaign of 2019]

The CWG of Droum linked a nutrition CBSP with the Integrated Health Center CWG of Droum / Integrated Health February (CSI) of the commune for the sale of enriched flour to the mothers of Center (CSI) of the commune 2019 Zinder malnourished children who use the Center, following a supply disruption of care inputs that lasted for more than a week.

Meeting between REGIS-ER and the Regional Directorate of Hydraulics and REGIS-ER April 2019 Sanitation (DRH/A) to take stock of the situation of the old and new boreholes installed/rehabilitated by REGIS-ER and the information on the monitoring report made by the DRH/A, followed by a mission with the technician of the DRH/A accompanied by REGIS-ER’s Project Coach and the commune focal points of the boreholes to verify the effectiveness of the repairs made by the company BAH in accordance with the observations of the supervision mission of April.

Participation in the 2019 planning of water points and hygiene and sanitation Regional Directorate for Hydraulics and April 2019 activities to be carried out with partners involved in the field. Sanitation

Participation in a meeting, bringing together the Decentralized Technical Services Governor’s Office May 2019 (STD), merchants, NGOs, and the project. The purpose of the meeting was to inform participants about the restructuring of CAIMA.

Participation in the meeting on the situation of the beginning of the agricultural Regional Directorate for Agriculture May 2019 season, the pastoral situation and information of the participants on seed legislation.

Participation in the meeting of a Local Technical Unit (CTL) including projects and Governor’s Office May 2019 NGOs operating in the region, with the aim of facilitating exchanges on trade in the Zinder-Daura-Jigawa and Kano corridor.

Centre- Workshop on adoption and financing of the action plans of the Health Districts, Regional Directorate of Health, in February Nord Health Regions, Central Structures of the Ministry partnership with USAID 2019

Review of the activities of the "Procurement for Progress" project (P4P) WFP June 2019 Est Adoption workshop and funding of the action plans of Health Districts, Health Regional Directorate for Health February Regions, Central Structures of the Ministry of Health in partnership with USAID 2019 Regional Directorate for Water and Institutional Trigger Workshop to Promote the CLTS Approach Sanitation February 2019 Regional workshop of prioritization and selection of two promising sectors to Local Economic Development Support March 2019 promote in the Est Region Program (PADEL) of the Department of [Discussions ensued on support for CBSPs, including loan guarantees and working Territorial Development (Ministry of BF capital] Economy and Finance)

Second 2019 session of the Water and Sanitation regional thematic group of the Regional Directorate for Water and May 2019 following national programs: Drinking Water Adduction (AEP), Wastewater and Sanitation Excreta Remediation (AEUE) and PPS Sahel Adoption workshop and funding of the action plans of Health Districts, Health Regional Directorate of Health February Regions, Central Structures of the Ministry of Health in partnership with USAID 2019

Meeting to review implementation of the National Plan for Economic and Social Governor’s Office February Development (PNDES) 2016-2020 in the region 2019

Workshop on the commitment of communes to carry out nutrition activities (in Regional Directorate of Health March 2019 connection with the PCPRs of Seytenga and Sebba)

Meeting of the Water and Sanitation Thematic Group Regional Directorate of Water and April 2019 Sanitation of the Sahel (DREA)

Regional Technical Committee of Health Regional Directorate of Health (DRS) June 2019

Review of projects and programs in the region Governor’s Office July 2019

Follow-up workshop for the implementation of the first six months of PNDES in Governor’s Office August 2019 Sahel Region

Field visit to monitor the agricultural season in Sahel Region with the Minister Regional Directorate for Agriculture and August 2019 Hydro-Agricultural Development

Field visit to monitor the agricultural season in Sahel Region with the Governor Governor’s Office Sept 2019

Regional Dialogue Framework Governor’s Office Sept 2019