DOCSLIB.ORG

Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska Challenges from the civil society perspective – analysis and recommendations Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska Challenges from the civil society perspective – analysis and recommendations Warsaw 2019 Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska. Challenges from the civil society perspective – analysis and recommendations Written by: Emilia Ślimko, Alliance of Associations Polish Green Network, Otwarty Plan Foundation Translated by: Magdalena Klimowicz Proofreading: Jakub Kahul for the Polish version and Magdalena Szymczukiewicz for the English version Typesetting and layout: Michał Świstak Expert consultation: Izabela Zygmunt, Joanna Furmaga, Magdalena Bartecka, Alliance of Associations Polish Green Network Publishing coordination: Magdalena Klarenbach, Otwarty Plan Foundation Photo on cover: Sławomir Jankowski Publisher: Alliance of Associations Polish Green Network, ul. Raszyńska 32/44 apt. 140, 02-026 Warsaw 1st edition, Warsaw 2019 ISBN: 978-83-62403-22-6 The Alliance of Associations “Polish Green Network” is a non-profit organisation grouping more than a dozen environmental organisations operating in Poland’s largest cities. Our goal is to support social and economic de- velopment consistent with the requirements of environmental and climate protection, social justice and respect for human rights. We build civil society support for the concept of sustainable development, devise mechanisms of civil society control of public funds spending, carry out projects in the field of low-carbon transition and support environmentally friendly development of countries of the Global South. The main fields of our activity include development of community energy, energy transition and just transition of coal mining regions, the fight against energy poverty as well as improvement of energy efficiency and air quality, and protection of water resources and biodiversity. zielonasiec.pl I globalnepoludnie.pl I dlaklimatu.pl I wiecejnizenergia.pl | sprawiedliwa-transformacja.pl The publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial 3.0 Poland licence (CC BY-NC 3.0 PL) Licence content: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/pl/deed.en English version printed as part of EUKI project " Accelerating the Energy Transformation of Central and Eastern Europe and Learning from the German Experience" Contents Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska. Challenges from the civil society perspective – analysis and recommendations I. CHALLENGES TO EASTERN WIELKOPOLSKA’S JUST TRANSITION 6 II. CIVIL SOCIETY’S PERSPECTIVE 12 III. THE PERSPECTIVE OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS 18 IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 25 Just Transition of Eastern Wielkopolska Summary Lignite is the most exploited natural resource in East- ment. The region’s worsening hydrological situation ern Wielkopolska. It is mined in the Konin Coal Basin is of particular concern. Opencast mines are having which comprises the Konin and Adamów mines and a negative impact on agriculture, causing a signifi- the Zespół Elektrowni Pątnów-Adamów-Konin SA (ZE cant reduction in yields due to the loss of groundwa- PAK) power station complex. From the mid-1950s, the ter and frequently even leading farmers to abandon subregion’s socio-economic development depended their agricultural activity. They also cause the water on the mining industry and the power industry. Thanks level in lakes across the region to subside as a result of to those two sectors, Konin – the subregion’s capi- the formation of the mines’ depression cones and con- tal – became a thriving industrial centre. However, tribute to a deterioration of the region’s natural beauty. this situation began to change in the 1990s when the In addition, power stations and opencast mines are the power industry was restructured, and the city started source of air pollution, including mercury pollution, to decline after losing its status as a regional capital and major carbon dioxide emitters. city following Poland’s administrative reform. Since the end of the 1980s, the number of workers employed A group of city activists from Konin, mostly asso- in power stations and in the mining sector has declined ciated with non-governmental organisations, have significantly. The region’s lignite fields are rapidly been the first people to raise the issue of Eastern becoming depleted, and the local community is Wielkopolska’s just transition in 2017. This was when opposed to the plans to open new opencast mines the first scenario for the region’s development based such as Ościsłowo and Dęby Szlacheckie. Coal min- on renewable energy sources and energy sector inno- ing is currently expected to end in 2030. The Ościsłowo vations was put forward. The civil society has also opencast mine, even it is opened, will not protect the been the first to become involved in the work of the region from the urgent need to phase out coal. EU Platform for Coal Regions in Transition, which the region’s authorities officially joined in 2019. This led to The main challenges faced by the region include: the appointment of the Regional Government’s Pleni- potentiary for Eastern Wielkopolska’s Restructuring at ` low profitability of continued lignite mining and of the Regional Development Agency (ARR) in Konin. One retrofitting the coal-fired power stations, of the Agency’s main achievements so far involved ` large unemployment rate compared with the rest the signing, on 3 April 2019, of the “Agreement on of the region, Eastern Wielkopolska’s just energy transition”. The ` excessive dependence of the local job market on Agreement was signed by more than 40 entities from the mines and power stations controlled by ZE PAK, the region representing the local and regional govern- ` outflow of young people from the region and an ment, the private sector and non-governmental organ- ageing population, isations. ZE PAK, the owner of the power stations and ` environmental degradation and losses suffered by the opencast mines, is also a signatory. local communities as a result of increased drainage caused by the mines’ expanding depression cones, All the stakeholders involved in the processes named ` social and legal conflicts over the plans to expand above recognise the region’s potential for continued the existing opencast mines and to open new ones, development in the field of green energy, which was resulting from the absence of dialogue between first comprehensively articulated in the “Konin Energy the mines’ management bodies and local commu- Valley” concept devised by the regional government nities, among other factors. which hopes to build the region’s future on hydrogen technologies and other renewable energy sources. Despite a major decline in the region’s economic However, individual groups of stakeholders have diver- importance and the serious consequences of this gent interests and expectations as regards the tran- decline for the region’s population, no comprehensive sition process. From the point of view of the regional plan of a transition that would make the local econ- government, one important challenge involves the omy less dependent on coal has been devised so far. vagueness of the term ‘just transition’ and its many The consequences of this negligence are affecting the interpretations, which make understanding increas- local population which urgently needs to find alterna- ingly difficult, as well as the long-term nature of this tive solutions in various fields of economic develop- process and the absence of guarantees of central gov- 4 Challenges from the civil society perspective – analysis and recommendations ernment’s support on issues such as old age pensions In addition, civil society groups argue that funds ear- for miners. The civil society would like to make sure marked for just transition should be available to vari- that a sufficiently broad public participation in deci- ous groups including the farmers affected by mining, sion-making processes is ensured, and takes the view and that support mechanisms for the development of that these processes should involve the region’s rural new energy sources should promote the community communities alongside its urban and mining commu- energy model so that in the future the region’s energy nities. According to the civil society representatives, generation is not concentrated in the hands of a single funds earmarked for the transition processes should company. Finally, ZE PAK, which is the region’s largest be spent primarily on improving the state of the envi- enterprise, is interested in investing in green energy ronment, including an improvement of the water situ- sources and has applied for funds to finance such ation in the region and reclamation of degraded land, investments, but at the same time it still seeks to open and on human capital investments involving the cre- a new opencast mine in Ościsłowo, which, according ation of new jobs, retraining opportunities for mining to the civil society, will considerably aggravate the sector employees and social protection programmes. region’s already serious environmental problems. Recommendations → The most urgent challenge that Eastern Wielkopolska is facing is to devise a transition plan that would take the needs and interests of all sides into account. The plan should contain a schedule, including in particular the deadline for ending coal mining and burning, and should lay down specific goals and methods of achieving them. → The transition plan should include a long-term strategy for the region
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download PDF File
    Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy 25 (2020) 820–827 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy jou rnal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/rpor Original research article Impact of COVID-19 on the performance of a radiation oncology department at a major comprehensive cancer centre in Poland during the first ten weeks of the epidemic a,b,∗ c d e f J Malicki , P Martenka , A Dyzmann-Sroka , K Paczkowska , E Leporowska , a,g h i j a,k W Suchorska , K Lamperska , P Pienkowski´ , A Chicheł , M Mocydlarz-Adamcewicz , l m n a,m o a,p a,m D Urbaniak , T Bajon , Z Cybulski , B Bak˛ , A Machtyl , K Adamska , J Kazmierska´ a,o r,s , P Milecki , A Marszałek a Electroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan,´ Poland b Medical Physics Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland c IV Radiotherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Piła, Poland d Epidemiology and Prophylactics Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland e Section for Coordination of Work of Interdisciplinary Teams, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland f Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland g Radiobiology Lab, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland h Department of Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland i Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland j Brachytherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan,´ Poland k IT Department,
    [Show full text]
  • Education About Auschwitz and the Holocaust at Authentic Memorial Sites CURRENT STATUS and FUTURE PROSPECTS
    Education about Auschwitz and the Holocaust at Authentic Memorial Sites CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS edited by Piotr Trojański Education about Auschwitz and the Holocaust at Authentic Memorial Sites CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS edited by Piotr Trojański AUSCHWITZ-BIRKENAU STATE MUSEUM OŚWIĘCIM 2019 Review: Professor Jacek Chrobaczyński, Ph. D. Co-ordination: Katarzyna Odrzywołek Language review of the English version: Imogen Dalziel Translation of texts from German and English: Kinga Żelazko and Junique Translation Agency Setting and e-pub: Studio Grafpa Cover design: Studio Grafpa ISBN 9788377042847 © Copyright by Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum & the Authors The publication was created as part of a project implemented by the International Centre for Education about Auschwitz and the Holocaust, entitled ‘The Future of Auschwitz and Holocaust Education in Authentic Memorial Sites’, which was financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Table of Contents Introduction ........................................... 6 Part 1: Challenges Bartosz Bartyzel Educational Challenges at the Authentic Auschwitz Memorial Site ..... 11 Piotr Tarnowski Educational Challenges at the Stutthof Museum and Memorial Site from the Perspective of a Museum Pedagogue ..................... 19 Małgorzata Grzanka Education at the Museum of the Former German Extermination Camp Kulmhof in Chełmno-on-the-Ner ......................... 25 Joanna Podolska What do the Stones Tell Us? Education and Memory of the Place: The Example of the Bałuty District and the Łódź Ghetto in the Activity of the Dialogue Centre .......................... 39 Part 2: Prospects Marek Kucia and Katarzyna Stec Education about Auschwitz and the Holocaust from the Perspective of Social Research ................................. 60 Alicja Bartuś On How to React to Evil: A Visit to Auschwitz and Attitude Shaping ..
    [Show full text]
  • Reclamation and Development of Geomechanically Transformed Land in the Konin-Turek Coal Basin
    POLISH JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE VOL. XLIX/2 2016 PL ISSN 0079-2985 DOI: 10.17951/pjss/2016.49.2.123 AGNIESZKA MOCEK-PŁÓCINIAK* RECLAMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GEOMECHANICALLY TRANSFORMED LAND IN THE KONIN-TUREK COAL BASIN Received: 2016.09.05 Accepted: 2017.02.15 1Abstract. This overview article presents major forms of reclamation and development of external and internal spoil tips, which are formed during brown coal mining and from bottom ash dumped near open-pit mines and power stations. In the late 1970s, a new form of agricultural and forest recultivation was developed – the PAN model. According to the concept, crops and forest-forming plant species should be introduced to post-mining grounds immediately after the end of technical recultivation. Vegetation is a particularly reliable indicator of habitat properties and small changes taking place in nature undergoing recovery. Other bioindicators of the quality and health of new- ly formed soil include the biomass of microorganisms, their count, composition and enzymatic activity. In many countries the assessment of the influence of anthropogenic stress factors on the count of soil microorganisms has become one of key elements of obligatory inspection under environmental monitoring. In consequence of revitalisation of anthropogenically changed areas, biological life is restored within the period of at least 20–30 years. It is manifested by the develop- ment of microbial population and soil fauna. Keywords: reclamation, post-mining areas, enzymatic activity, microorganisms, vegetation INTRODUCTION Many minerals are acquired by means of open-pit or underground mining. It causes land transformation and permanent changes in the landscape. New convex forms known as external spoil tips appear in natural geomorphologi- cal systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Greater Poland Voivodeship Greater Poland Voivodeship Basic Information
    Investment attractiveness of voivodeships​ Greater Poland Voivodeship Greater Poland voivodeship Basic information ➢ Capital – Poznań ➢ Area – 29 827 km² ➢ Number of districts- 31 ➢ Number of municipalities - 19 ➢ Population – 3 481 625 people ➢ Population in productive age – 2 263 832 people 2 Greater Poland voivodeship Perspective sectors Smart specializations (biomaterials, interiors of the future, ICT, modern medical technologies) Silver economy Research and Development Agriculture and food processing Business and health services 3 Greater Poland voivodeship The largest companies / investors in the region​ Wronki Poznań Czerwonak Komorniki Kostrzyn 4 Greater Poland Voivodeship Special Economic Zones (until 2018) Kostrzyńsko-Słubicka Special Economic Zone - currently covers over 2201 ha and consists of 57 subzones. It issued 330 permits for business activity, which resulted in investment outlays in the amount of PLN 7.9 bn. Total employment in the zone amounts to 32 745 jobs. Wałbrzyska Special Economic Zone "INVEST-PARK" - covers over 3700 ha in 4 voivodships (Lower Silesia, Opole, Greater Poland and Lubusz) located in 58 towns. It attracted over 230 investors, PLN 27 bn of investment outlays and 53 000 jobs. Łódzka Special Economic Zone - covers an area of 1750 ha in the Łódź Voivodeship, the eastern part of the Greater Poland Voivodship and the western part of the Mazovian Voivodeship. It issued 313 permits for business activity, which resulted in EUR 3.43 bn of investment outlays and 36 000 jobs created. 5 Greater Poland voivodeship Local sub-suppliers Metal industry Machinery Logistics Automotive Food Household goods Electronics Construction 6 Greater Poland voivodeship Infrastructure Poznań – Ławica Airport – supports international, domestic, charter and cargo flights.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution and Sustainability of Seasonal Migration from Poland to Germany: from the Dusk of the 19Th Century to the Dawn of the 21St Century
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Kepinska, Ewa; Stark, Oded Working Paper The evolution and sustainability of seasonal migration from Poland to Germany: From the dusk of the 19th century to the dawn of the 21st century University of Tübingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance, No. 54 Provided in Cooperation with: University of Tuebingen, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, School of Business and Economics Suggested Citation: Kepinska, Ewa; Stark, Oded (2013) : The evolution and sustainability of seasonal migration from Poland to Germany: From the dusk of the 19th century to the dawn of the 21st century, University of Tübingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance, No. 54, University of Tübingen, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Tübingen, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:21-opus-67906 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/73665 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Tübingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance No
    University of Tübingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance No. 54 The Evolution and Sustainability of Seasonal Migration from Poland to Germany: From the Dusk of the 19th Century to the Dawn of the 21st Century by Ewa K˛epinska´ & Oded Stark Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences www.wiwi.uni-tuebingen.de The Evolution and Sustainability of Seasonal Migration from Poland to Germany: From the Dusk of the 19th Century to the Dawn of the 21st Century by źwa Kpiskaa University of Warsaw and Oded Starkb Universities of Bonn, Klagenfurt, Tuebingen, and Vienna April 2013 a Mailing Address: źwa Kpiska Institute for Social Studies, University of Warsaw Stawki 5/7 00-183 Warsaw Poland E-mail Address: [email protected] b Corresponding author: Mailing Address: Oded Stark ZEF, University of Bonn Walter-Flex-Strasse 3 D-53113 Bonn Germany E-mail Address: [email protected] Abstract We document and suggest a rationale for the durability of seasonal migration from Poland to Germany, a phenomenon persisting for more than a century. We refer to the role of the tradition of engaging in seasonal migration as a force that helped invigorate the process and contribute to its sustainability even when, to different degrees and at different times, the process was interrupted by a shifting political, regulatory, and legal environment. Evidence in support of the role of tradition is provided, among other things, by the continuation of the seasonal flow of migrants from once border regions - which became internal regions following WWII, despite the fact that since the redrawing of the German-Polish border, proximity is no longer a factor encouraging repeated, short-term seasonal moves.
    [Show full text]
  • Piekarnia-Cukiernia „Natura” Zbigniew Piskorski 44
    SIEĆ DZIEDZICTWA KULINARNEGO WIELKOPOLSKA The Network of Culinary Heritage Wielkopolska SIEĆ DZIEDZICTWA KULINARNEGO WIELKOPOLSKA The Network of Culinary Heritage Wielkopolska SŁOWO WSTĘPNE Preface W ostatnich latach możemy zaobserwować stały In recent years, we may have observed a steady in- wzrost zainteresowania tradycyjną, naturalną żyw- crease in interest in traditional, natural food, which is nością, co jest efektem wzrostu świadomości spo- the result of increased public awareness in terms of łeczeństwa w zakresie zdrowego żywienia. healthy nutrition. Samorząd Województwa Wielkopolskiego szcze- The Self-government of the Greater Poland gólną uwagę przywiązuje do promowania wielko- Voivodeship pays special attention to the promotion polskich produktów regionalnych i tradycyjnych. of regional and traditional products. As a great ex- Doskonałym tego przykładem jest uczestnictwo ample serves the fact of the participation of Greater Wielkopolski w Europejskiej Sieci Dziedzictwa Poland in the European Culinary Heritage Network, Kulinarnego, której nasz region jest członkiem of which our region has been a member since 2008. od 2008 r. Bardzo ważnym warunkiem, żeby znaleźć A fundamental condition for entering the Network się w Sieci jest wytwarzanie produktów w oparciu is the manufacture of products based on raw ma- o surowce pochodzące z naszego województwa. terials from our voivodeship. Culinary Heritage is, Dziedzictwo Kulinarne jest zatem symbolem wyso- therefore, a symbol of high-quality traditional local kiej jakości tradycyjnej żywności lokalnej i poka- food and indicates that success in the food-groceries zuje, że sukces w branży spożywczej nie zawsze sector shall not always have to arise from innovation, musi wynikać z innowacji, postępu technologicz- technological progress and mass production. Good nego i produkcji na masową skalę.
    [Show full text]
  • Fall 2018 President’S Message
    ISSN 1075-2234 FALL 2018 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE “If opportunity doesn’t knock, build a door.” cussed future opportunities wherein NAPE should focus —Milton Berle efforts to improve the field of community corrections. The board overwhelmingly identified recruitment, retention, I recently ran across the above quote which brought to and related workforce issues as a primary focal point for the mind numerous opportunities for community corrections future. Given the role and responsibility of NAPE members, leaders to improve current practices and impact the scope of this focus seems to be a natural fit for our organization to our business for years to come. Some opportu- drive the discussion and assist other stakehold- nities lay at our footsteps as “low hanging fruit” ers in providing solutions to workforce chal- while other opportunities require “building the lenges. I expect we will look for an opportunity door” through innovative strategies, partner- to expand this discussion in the future. ships with stakeholders, and effective imple- Bail Reform — Estimates indicate ap- mentation. I’d like to highlight a few initiatives proximately 40% of pretrial agencies are cur- and opportunities for NAPE membership in- rently operated under the umbrella of proba- volvement over the next few months. tion departments. Revamping the bail system DOJ Grant — Thanks in part to the work has moved to the forefront of criminal justice of Past President Marcus Hodges and the NAPE reforms nationally. Recognizing future chang- Board, the Department of Justice has awarded es to bail practices may directly impact proba- the Council of State Governments Justice Cen- tion and diversion programming in a positive ter a three-year grant — Innovations in Super- manner, NAPE should thoughtfully participate vision Initiative: Building Capacity to Create in these discussions and assist in shaping fu- Safer Communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Deadly Tornadoes in Poland from 1820 to 2015
    APRIL 2017 T A S Z A R E K A N D G R O M A D Z K I 1221 Deadly Tornadoes in Poland from 1820 to 2015 MATEUSZ TASZAREK Department of Climatology, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, and Skywarn Poland, Warsaw, Poland JAKUB GROMADZKI Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland (Manuscript received 14 April 2016, in final form 9 October 2016) ABSTRACT Using historical sources derived from 12 Polish digital libraries, an investigation into killer tornado events was carried out. Although some of the cases took place more than 150 years ago, it was still possible to identify tornado phenomena and the course of events. This study has shown that historical sources contain dozens of tornado reports, sometimes with information precise enough to reconstruct the tornado damage paths. In total, 26 newly identified deadly tornado cases were derived from the historical sources and the information on 11 currently known was expanded. An average of 1–2 killer tornadoes with 5 fatalities may be depicted for each decade and this rate is decreasing over time. It was estimated that 5%–10% of significant tornadoes in Poland have caused fatalities and the average number of fatalities per significant tornado was roughly 0.27. Most of the cases were reported in late July and early August. The majority of deaths and injuries were associated with victims being lifted or crushed by buildings (usually a wooden barn). Most of these cases took place in rural areas but some tornadoes hit urban areas, causing a higher number of fatalities.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014-2020 JESSICA Evaluation Study for Nine Polish Regions
    2014-2020 JESSICA Evaluation Study for Nine Polish Regions: Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Łódzkie, Lubelskie, Małopolskie, Mazowieckie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie, Wielkopolskie, Zachodniopomorskie Final Report Part II 30 April 2014 DISCLAIMER: This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Sole responsibility for the views, interpretations or conclusions contained in this document lies with the authors. No representation or warranty express or implied will be made and no liability or responsibility is or will be accepted by the European Investment Bank or the European Commission in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document and any such liability is expressly disclaimed. This document is provided for information only. Neither the European Investment Bank nor the European Commission gives any undertaking to provide any additional information or correct any inaccuracies in it. | P a g e 2014-2020 JESSICA Evaluation Study for Nine Polish Regions 139 2014-2020 JESSICA Evaluation Study for Nine Polish Regions: Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Łódzkie, Lubelskie, Małopolskie, Mazowieckie, Śląskie, Świętokrzyskie, Wielkopolskie, Zachodniopomorskie Part II Submitted to: European Investment Bank Date: 7 April 2014 Version: Final Report Report completed by: Regional Project Managers: Cezary Gołębiowski, Marta Mackiewicz, Jacek Goliszewski, and Jan Fido Report reviewed by: Agnieszka Gajewska, Project Team Leader and Lily Vyas, JESSICA Programme Manager Report approved by: Bob Green, Partner, Mazars ©Mazars LLP. All rights reserved April 2014. This document is expressly provided by Mazars LLP to and solely for the use of the EIB and must not be quoted from, referred to, used by or distributed to any other party without the prior consent of the EIB.
    [Show full text]
  • Rotifers in Heated Konin Lakes—A Review of Long-Term Observations
    water Article Rotifers in Heated Konin Lakes—A Review of Long-Term Observations Jolanta Ejsmont-Karabin 1,* , Andrzej Hutorowicz 2 , Andrzej Kapusta 2 , Konrad Stawecki 2 , Jacek Tunowski 2 and Bogusław Zdanowski 2 1 Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Station in Mikołajki, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland 2 The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; a.hutorowicz@infish.com.pl (A.H.); a.kapusta@infish.com.pl (A.K.); k.stawecki@infish.com.pl (K.S.); j.tunowski@infish.com.pl (J.T.); b.zdanowski@infish.com.pl (B.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-600-835-910 Received: 27 April 2020; Accepted: 6 June 2020; Published: 10 June 2020 Abstract: The Konin lakes, heated by power stations and invaded by alien organisms, are a natural laboratory in which we can study the impact of climate change on the native communities of aquatic organisms. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of water heating and the occupation of the littoral zone of the lake by invasive species Vallisneria spiralis on changes in the species structure of rotifer communities of plankton, epiphyton and psammon. The archival material was used from the years: 1970–1975, 1978 and 1983, and compared with the results of studies conducted in Liche´nand Slesin´ Lakes in the years 2010–2011 and 2017–2018. It has been shown that the heating of waters of the studied lakes, combined with the shortening of their retention time, as well as the invasions of alien species, have caused significant changes in the taxonomic and trophic structure of plankton rotifers.
    [Show full text]
  • THE JEWISH COMMUNITY of L<LECZEW and the BEGINNING
    THE JEWISH COMMUNITY OF l<LECZEW AND THE BEGINNING OF THE FINAL SOLUTION ANETTA GlOWACKA-PENCZYNSKA TOMASZ KAWSKI WITOLD M�DYKOWSKI Edited by TUVIA HOREV Free excerpt. Copyrighted material. THE FIRST TO BE DESTROYED The Jewish Community of Kleczew and the Beginning of the Final Solution ANETTA GŁOWACKA-PENCZYŃSKA TOMASZ KAWSKI WITOLD MĘDYKOWSKI Edited by Tuvia Horev Boston 2015 Free excerpt. Copyrighted material. Preface s the son of a woman born in Kleczew to a family that had lived there Afor generations, I could not help but imbibe the reality of Kleczew with my mother’s milk. My family had never been nostalgic for Kleczew, and certainly I had never heard any stories about how things had been back there. My grandparents had immigrated to pre-state Israel with their two daughters in July 1939, less than sixty days before the Germans invaded Poland. In doing so, they had left much of their family behind. Nearly all of these relatives perished very shortly afterward, in the Holo- caust. Born in Israel as a member of a new generation that had never smelled the stench of exile and experienced its horrors, I understood nothing about the immensity of the trauma that nestled deep in my grandparents’ hearts. I never even felt the need—I admit this in shame—to ask them what they felt or to ask them to share their memories with me, confide in me, or just tell me who those relatives back there had been. A few years ago, however, I came across an excerpt of the testimony of a Polish veterinarian, Dr.
    [Show full text]