Iom Emergency Needs Assessments Post February 2006 Displacement in Iraq 15 April 2008 Bi-Weekly Report
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IOM EMERGENCY NEEDS ASSESSMENTS POST FEBRUARY 2006 DISPLACEMENT IN IRAQ 15 APRIL 2008 BI-WEEKLY REPORT Following the February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari Mosque, escalating sectarian violence in Iraq caused massive displacement, both internal and to locations abroad. In coordination with the Iraqi government’s Ministry of Displacement and Migration (MoDM), IOM continues to assess Iraqi displacement through a network of partners on the ground. Significantly fewer Iraqis were displaced in 2007 than were displaced in 2006, suggesting that internal displacement in Iraq has slowed. However, displacement continues to occur in some locations and the humanitarian situation of those already displaced is worsening. The limited returns that have occurred so far represent only a small fraction of the displaced population. Internal displacement in Iraq continues to be a major humanitarian crisis, demanding both assessment and a targeted humanitarian response. The estimated number of displaced since February 2006 is almost 1,504,000 individuals 1. This figure, combined with the estimated 1,200,000 individuals 2 who were internally displaced before February 2006, results in a total of more than 2.7 million individuals displaced within Iraq to date. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY ON IRAQI DISPLACEMENT: Displacement Displacement continues to occur due to military operations and generalized violence. The recent insecurity and fighting in Baghdad and the south, especially Basrah, caused low-scale displacement, although the figures continue to be difficult to confirm due to ongoing insecurity and restrictions on movement. Over the past few weeks, more than 100 families were displaced in Babylon and 230 families fled to Wassit from Al-Mada’in district in Baghdad. The latter group has since returned. Many other groups displaced over the past few weeks may have returned once security improved. In Basrah, monitors have assessed 30 IDPs displaced within the last few weeks, but actual numbers are likely higher. Monitors were unable to enter some areas in Basrah city. Large numbers of families have reportedly fled Sadr City in Baghdad due to the ongoing military operations there. In some cases the military has facilitated the shelter of these IDPs in school buildings. Some families are trapped in their houses by fighting. However, monitors have so far been unable to access these areas and assess accurate numbers. Displacement continues in the central governorates due to military operations, with many families fleeing from Salah Al-Din to Kirkuk. Insecurity in and around Mosul city has displaced dozens more families to Kirkuk. Over 100 families still remain displaced in Sulaymaniyah along the northern border due to Iranian shelling. In addition to these recent movements, the vast majority of post-February 2006 IDPs remains in displacement. Their conditions are worsening as market prices continue to rise. During the reporting period, monitors identified many IDP groups under threat of eviction, particularly in Babylon, Muthanna, and Najaf. 1 As per figures from the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) for the three northern governorates and the Iraqi Ministry of Migration (MoM) for the 15 central and southern governorates, 29 February 2008. See the IDP Working Group Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq Update (24 March 2008) for figures per governorate. 2 As per IOM monitoring for the 15 central and southern governorates and UNOPS/UNHCR for the three northern governorates. See the IDP Working Group Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq Update (24 March 2008). International organization for migration Return Return movements have reportedly slowed due to the general deterioration of security over the past few weeks. In particular, the return of minorities to Kirkuk has noticeably slowed. Returns continue to represent only a minute fraction of the total displaced population. IOM is collaborating with MoDM on a joint project to assess returns in Baghdad. IOM monitors continue to assess both displacement and return nationwide. IOM has identified locations for 13,000 returnee families in close coordination with MoDM, local authorities, and other actors on the ground. IOM released the IOM Returnee Assessment and Statistics Report , which analyses in detail the movement and humanitarian situation of 900 returnee families who have been individually assessed to date. For many returnees, return has not brought them relief from the humanitarian crisis they experienced in displacement. Many have returned to find their houses destroyed and their livelihoods gone. Unemployment rates are up to 70% for returnees in some areas of Baghdad. Due to lack of income, returnees report food, fuel and non-food items as a priority need. Released on the same date, the MoDM/IOM Tabulation Report provides the raw data of these assessments in tabulated form, including data on the village/neighborhood level. Both reports, along with IOM’s regular reporting on displacement, are available at http://www.iom- iraq.net/library.html#IDP . Country-wide Statistics: Information below is based on in-depth assessments of 169,438 families (an estimated 1,016,000 individuals) displaced throughout Iraq since 22 February 2006. (Please note that this figure represents the total number that IOM monitors have assessed, not the total number of displaced in Iraq since 22 February 2006.) IDP Places of Origin: Baghdad 63.95% Babylon 0.97% Diyala 19.17% Wassit 0.24% Ninewa 4.97% Thi-Qar 0.06% Anbar 3.70% Qadissiya 0.03% Salah al-Din 3.31% Kerbala 0.02% Basrah 1.87% Erbil 0.01% Tameem 1.65% Muthanna 0.01% Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 60.36% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.66% Arab Sunni Muslim 28.06% Armenian Christian 0.12% Kurd Sunni Muslim 3.24% Arab Yazidi 0.05% Assyrian Christian 3.14% Kurd Yazidi 0.03% Chaldean Christian 1.86% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.02% Turkmen Shia Muslim 1.11% Kurd Christian 0.01% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.97% Access to Health Care? Governorate Yes No All Iraq 85.72% 14.21% Anbar 80.77% 19.23% Babylon 95.26% 4.74% Baghdad 89.92% 10.08% Basrah 91.54% 8.46% Dahuk 85.25% 14.75% International Organization for Migration 2 Diyala 62.71% 37.29% Erbil 99.19% Kerbala 91.99% 8.01% Missan 85.59% 13.86% Muthanna 77.54% 22.46% Najaf 98.49% 1.22% Ninewa 94.02% 5.98% Qadissiya 97.01% 2.99% Salah al-Din 79.75% 20.17% Sulaymaniyah 98.18% 1.34% Tameem 31.84% 68.09% Thi-Qar 98.04% 1.96% Wassit 89.84% 10.16% Access to Medications? Governorate Yes No All Iraq 67.68% 32.02% Anbar 58.26% 39.28% Babylon 66.34% 33.62% Baghdad 80.79% 19.16% Basrah 93.01% 6.99% Dahuk 84.11% 15.71% Diyala 45.08% 54.64% Erbil 98.67% 0.36% Kerbala 71.48% 28.31% Missan 85.52% 13.91% Muthanna 65.47% 33.98% Najaf 99.25% 0.60% Ninewa 33.85% 66.13% Qadissiya 68.74% 30.98% Salah al-Din 73.95% 25.96% Sulaymaniyah 97.65% 1.67% Tameem 34.87% 64.87% Thi-Qar 90.84% 9.16% Wassit 20.61% 79.30% Anbar: The recent fighting in both Baghdad and southern Iraq has not significantly affected the security situation in Anbar. However, a limited number of families have recently been displaced to Anbar; six Arab Sunni families from Basra have fled there and one Shiite family from Najaf is being hosted by a Shiite family, all in Ramadi. Reports indicate that some families from Mosul attempted to flee the increased violence in their area by entering Anbar; however, they were rejected by the awakening forces and remained in Mosul. Civilians in some parts of Anbar are complaining of abuses such as road closures and mistreatment during search operations from both tribal and military forces. Work has started on a new military base in Ana for the Iraqi Forces (IF). In addition, 60 new policemen and 100 new school security guards are set to deploy in Ana, while still more are training at a nearby MNF-I base. However, tribal struggles for control of Qaim left two people dead and two others injured. Security in Al-Rutba is calm despite sporadic highway robberies, and awakening forces continue to cooperate with inhabitants in Ramadi for an increasingly secure situation. The Ramadi Directorate of Health is responding to a small outbreak of measles; it applied to the Ministry of Health for an immediate shipment of the appropriate vaccine. Assessment based on 11,023 families. International Organization for Migration 3 Places of Origin: Baghdad 71.80% Babylon 0.06% Anbar 23.66% Ninewa 0.03% Basrah 4.45% Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Sunni Muslim 100.00% Access to Health Care? District Yes No Total 80.77% 19.23% Al-Ka'im 64.03% 35.97% Al-Rutba 90.71% 9.29% Ana 99.77% 0.23% Falluja 79.06% 20.94% Haditha 68.37% 31.63% Heet 68.26% 31.74% Ramadi 87.04% 12.96% Access to Medications? District Yes No Total 58.26% 39.28% Al-Ka'im 69.64% 30.36% Al-Rutba 82.97% 17.03% Ana 52.09% 47.91% Falluja 58.76% 40.15% Haditha 26.53% 30.61% Heet 55.83% 42.28% Ramadi 55.36% 39.27% IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In 2007, IOM completed various distributions of food, water, and non-food items for 961 IDP families in February, 392 IDP families in May, 1,655 IDP families in August, and 1,344 IDP families in November. In 2008, IOM is currently implementing a daily water trucking operation that is benefiting nearly 37,000 vulnerable IDP and host community families in various locations throughout Anbar. Babylon : Security has stabilized somewhat although clashes continue between armed groups and IF.