IOM EMERGENCY NEEDS ASSESSMENTS POST FEBRUARY 2006 DISPLACEMENT IN 15 MAY 2008 BI-WEEKLY REPORT

Following the February 2006 bombing of the Al-Askari Mosque, escalating sectarian violence in Iraq caused massive displacement, both internal and to locations abroad. In coordination with the Iraqi government’s Ministry of Displacement and Migration (MoDM), IOM continues to assess Iraqi displacement through a network of partners on the ground.

Most displacement over the past five years (since 2003) occurred in 2006 and has since slowed. However, displacement continues to occur in some locations and the humanitarian situation of those already displaced is worsening. Some Iraqis are returning, but their conditions in places of return are extremely difficult.

The estimated number of displaced since February 2006 is almost 1,504,000 individuals 1. This figure, combined with the estimated 1,200,000 individuals 2 who were internally displaced before February 2006, results in a total of more than 2.7 million individuals displaced within Iraq to date.

SUMMARY OF CURRENT IRAQI DISPLACEMENT AND RETURN:

Displacements

The security situation has improved somewhat in , due a truce between Shia militiamen loyal to radical leader Moqtada al-Sadr and government forces on 11 May. Most displacement from Sadr City occurred at the beginning of the military campaign (primarily from Sectors 1-9), with some new displacement occurring in Sectors 11 and 12. Only a few families are reported as returning.

Local authorities in Muthanna issued a new order to remove all illegal collective settlements within two weeks, regardless of whether the squatting families are IDPs or host community. Many IDPs live in these settlements because it is all they can afford. In Basrah, ten IDP families living in a public building in a former military intelligence building in Jenaina neighbourhood were among the families affected by this government eviction order.

After two months of sporadic clashes between MNF-I/IF and insurgents in , the official military offensive has begun, although violence is less widespread than was originally expected. As of today (15 May), the complete curfew (in place since 9 May) has been partially lifted for the hours of 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. The affected neighborhoods already suffer from few public services or operating infrastructure. In addition, inflation of prices for food and household items in the local markets exacerbates the situation. No mass displacement has been recorded, although there are reports of some families fleeing to and Anbar.

Anbar experienced some deterioration in security over the past few weeks, although IDPs continue to return to their homes within this governorate.

Returns

Security concerns in many areas of Iraq, particularly Baghdad, make assessing returnees challenging. Monitors must coordinate closely with security forces, city councils and provincial councils.

1 As per figures from the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) for the three northern governorates and the Iraqi Ministry of Migration (MoM) for the 15 central and southern governorates, 29 February 2008. See the IDP Working Group Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq Update (24 March 2008) for figures per governorate. 2 As per IOM monitoring for the 15 central and southern governorates and UNOPS/UNHCR for the three northern governorates. See the IDP Working Group Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq Update (24 March 2008).

International organization for migration Returnee trends have decreased somewhat due to instability in areas such as Basrah and Baghdad. However, the Prime Minister’s Office, Iraqi Forces, or MNF-I have facilitated returns to safer areas in Baghdad, and returns continue within Diyala and Anbar. Families are returning due to deteriorating conditions in their places of displacement, illegal status abroad, lack of income, or improved security in places of origin.

Lately there has been a wave of returnees to Rasheed sub-district in Baghdad, with 75 IDP families, both Shia and Sunni, returning in the past week and 1,000 families returning overall. The families cite improved security and reconciliation among various groups (tribal leaders, MNF-I, and local authorities) as reasons for returning. Monitors were told that 18 families returned to Sadr City after negotiations between the ruling Shiite alliance and Sadr’s opposition movement, although this has not yet been confirmed.

Returnees are finding a shortage of health facilities. In Badran village in Istiklal, there is no primary health center to cover the area; the existing health center was closed due to security problems. Arab Jubor also suffers from a lack of health facilities.

Returnee reports, along with IOM’s regular reporting on displacement, are available at http://www.iom-iraq.net/library.html#IDP .

Country-wide Statistics:

Information below is based on in-depth assessments of 171,825 families (estimated 1,030,950 individuals) displaced throughout Iraq since 22 February 2006. (Please note that this figure represents the total number that IOM monitors have assessed, not the total number of displaced in Iraq since 22 February 2006.)

IDP Places of Origin: Baghdad 63.80% Wassit 0.23% Diyala 19.36% Thi-Qar 0.06% Ninewa 5.30% Qadissiya 0.03% Anbar 3.51% Erbil 0.03% Salah al-Din 3.27% Kerbala 0.02% Basrah 1.72% Muthanna 0.01% Tameem 1.63% , Suly, Missan, Dahuk less than 0.01% Babylon 0.96%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 59.97% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.68% Arab Sunni Muslim 27.94% Armenian Christian 0.12% Kurd Sunni Muslim 3.37% Arab Yazidi 0.05% Assyrian Christian 3.25% Kurd Yazidi 0.03% Chaldean Christian 1.96% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.02% Turkmen Shia Muslim 1.17% Kurd Christian 0.01% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.99% Other 0.44%

Access to Water: Governorate Yes No Governorate Yes No All Iraq 80.72% 18.97% Anbar 72.06% 27.80% Muthanna 68.95% 31.05% Babylon 75.02% 24.98% Najaf 99.07% 0.13% Baghdad 84.20% 15.19% Ninewa 66.35% 33.65% Basrah 94.77% 5.23% Qadissiya 99.71% 0.29% Dahuk 95.02% 4.81% Salah al-Din 87.11% 12.75% Diyala 57.08% 42.92% 97.31% 2.59% Erbil 98.94% 0.09% Tameem 58.73% 40.89% Kerbala 90.70% 9.27% Thi-Qar 92.19% 7.61% Missan 80.13% 19.03% Wassit 78.11% 21.75% International Organization for Migration 2

Access to Electricity : No 1-3 hours Governorate Electricity per day Four or more hours per day All Iraq 5.59% 31.96% 61.66% Anbar 17.39% 47.58% 29.67% Babylon 2.68% 51.77% 45.26% Baghdad 1.26% 43.13% 55.57% Basrah 1.94% 26.01% 72.01% Dahuk 5.95% 11.17% 82.88% Diyala 15.17% 31.48% 52.59% Erbil 0.09% 0.05% 98.82% Kerbala 4.08% 22.21% 72.90% Missan 1.96% 10.52% 86.37% Muthanna 3.01% 29.86% 66.65% Najaf 1.59% 4.85% 93.22% Ninewa 4.04% 44.97% 49.48% Qadissiya 1.34% 7.79% 87.67% Salah al-Din 2.02% 39.15% 58.47% Sulaymaniyah 4.91% 37.22% 57.77% Tameem 13.06% 12.19% 73.70% Thi-Qar 2.24% 11.99% 85.37% Wassit 16.40% 18.78%

Anbar:

Contrary to the ongoing improvement in the security situation throughout the last few months, the security situation has deteriorated slightly in some areas of Anbar. Insurgent attacks have increased in Al-Ka’im and . On 2 May, unidentified gunmen attacked the Al Rummana police center in Baguz, on the border with Syria. 11 policemen were killed in the attack, resulting in house searches and arrests carried out by the awakening forces. On 9 May, security forces in Haditha were attacked by insurgents. On 11 May, heavy clashes occurred between an Anbar battalion (a troop of former awakening forces who have integrated into the Iraqi Army) and a group of unidentified gunmen close to Rawa.

The slight deterioration of the security situation in Anbar impacts the monitors’ activities, as both the civilians and the security forces are suspicious of unknown people moving around and restrictions on movement hampers assessments.

1770 returnees have been identified in Anbar. The majority have returned from within Anbar, and 427 have returned from abroad. Most have returned due to poor conditions in their places of displacement, financial burdens, or, in the case of those abroad, illegal status.

Assessment based on 10,783 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 73.63% Babylon 0.05% Anbar 21.75% Ninewa 0.03% Basrah 4.55%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 0.54% Arab Sunni Muslim 99.31%

Access to Water: District Yes No District Yes No Al-Ka'im 100.00% 0.00% Haditha 100.00%

International Organization for Migration 3 Al-Rutba 100.00% Heet 95.48% 2.26% Ana 100.00% 59.49% 40.51% Falluja 70.45% 29.55%

Access to Electricity District Four or more hours per day 1-3 hours per day No Electricity Al-Ka'im 97.89% 2.11% Al-Rutba 100.00% 0.00% Ana 95.15% 4.85% Falluja 19.94% 50.82% 21.66% Haditha 85.71% 0.00% Heet 90.95% 8.14% Ramadi 11.91% 66.86% 18.37%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In 2007, IOM completed various distributions of food, water, and non-food items for 961 IDP families in February, 392 IDP families in May, 1,655 IDP families in August, and 1,344 IDP families in November. In January 2008, IOM completed daily water trucking benefiting nearly 36,985 vulnerable IDP and host community families in various locations throughout Anbar

Babylon :

The security situation continues to be unstable in the northern areas of Babylon, which experience IED attacks, curfews, and overall tension.

In Al-Musayab district, monitors have found that in 2007 there was a large wave of displacement to the district due to its relative security, but this decreased drastically in 2008 due to improved security in places of origin and deteriorated security in Al-Musayab.

Assessment based on 9,872 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 82.82% Tameem 0.66% Diyala 5.87% Ninewa 0.14% Babylon 5.39% Kerbala 0.03% Salah al-Din 2.07% Basrah 0.02% Anbar 1.93% Qadissiya 0.01% Wassit 1.06%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 94.40% Arab Sunni Muslim 5.33% Arab Yazidi 0.07%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Mahawil 90.77% 9.23% Al-Musayab 76.38% 23.62% Hashimiya 52.39% 47.61% Hilla 73.58% 26.42%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Al-Mahawil 60.42% 36.04% 2.90% Al-Musayab 57.53% 41.39% 1.08% Hashimiya 32.32% 65.29% 2.28%

International Organization for Migration 4 Hilla 36.50% 60.15% 3.17%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In July 2007, IOM completed a food and NFI distribution to 3,000 IDP and host community families in Babylon. In March, IOM finished distributing plastic sheeting for families living in substandard housing to protect from the rain, benefiting 126 IDP families.

Baghdad :

Major clashes in Sadr City have subsided, due to negotiations between the ruling Shiite alliance and Sadr’s opposition movement; however, violence persists.

The first days of the military operations concentrated on Sectors 1-9 and then moved to Sectors 10 and 11 and elsewhere. Sadr General Hospital suffered damage, and schools and city council offices were closed. PDS did not reach families in these areas, according to IOM’s monitors, and the closure of the Jamil Market as well as rising food prices continues to put a strain on families in these areas. Electrical and water networks were down in many areas of Sadr City.

As of 4 May, Sectors 10 and 11 were separated from the rest of Al Sadr City and no one could move in our out, so no displacement was occurring from these sectors. There were new reports of displacement from Sectors 11 and 12 to adjacent areas such as Hay al-Bonook and Al-Adhamiya, as the military operation then concentrated on these areas. As of 22 April, 500 families reportedly fled from sectors 1-9 of Sadr City to the following locations: 50 families – Al-Istikshafat 70 families – Baladiyat Al-Mu’askar 50 families – Ma’amel 130 families – Sectors 85 families – Al-Shama’iya 15 families – Different schools within the area

Some of these families have returned home. The IDPs fled to live with relatives, in schools and abandoned buildings, and in rented housing. Families are continuously moving, many to unknown locations, so it is difficult to track their movement and numbers 3.

As a response to the expected wave of displacement from Sadr City due to military operations, the GoI/MoDM has been coordinating the preparation of three stadiums in Baghdad to host IDP families. Al Sha’ab Stadium has 50 tents and about 20 families have moved there, but the other two locations for camps (AL Sena’a Stadium and Al Talaba Stadium) remain to be fully functioning.

Assessment based on 46,785 families .

Places of Origin: Baghdad 77.75% Ninewa 0.17% Diyala 18.64% Babylon 0.12% Anbar 1.86% Wassit 0.04% Salah al-Din 0.99% Basrah 0.02% Tameem 0.36%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 80.02% Arab Sunni Muslim 19.78% Arab Yazidi 0.02% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.09% Turkmen Shia Muslim 0.01%

3 IOM reports on Sadr City for 22 April and 5 and 12 May available upon request. International Organization for Migration 5 Access to Water: District Yes No District Yes No Abu Ghraib 100.00% Mada'in 72.39% 27.61% Adhamiya - Istiqlal 86.34% 13.66% Mahmoudiya 100.00% Al Resafa 89.25% 10.63% Taji 100.00% 97.21% 0.77% Tarmia 24.16% 75.84%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more hours per day 1-3 hours per day No Electricity Abu Ghraib 73.19% 26.81% Adhamiya - 45.14% 53.93% 0.86% Istiqlal Al Resafa 56.61% 38.62% 2.25% Karkh 73.59% 26.20% 0.21% Mada'in 57.09% 42.82% Mahmoudiya 0.17% 99.83% Taji 100.00% Tarmia 7.49% 92.51%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In 2007, IOM distributed food and non- food items to 346 families in February, 2,895 families in April, and 198 families in August. In February 2008, IOM finished distributing food and non-food items to 3,000 vulnerable IDP and host community families. IOM is currently distributing food and non-food items to 2,000 needy returnee families in Baghdad. Also, IOM is completing the distribution of 900 food baskets to hospitals in Sadr City in response to the current crisis there. IOM is also distributing 2,000 food and NFI baskets to returnees and vulnerable host community members

Basrah :

The security situation is much calmer compared with this time last month; however, IED attacks continue against Iraqi and MNF-I forces, and clashes have erupted between militants and security forces in Qzaiza, resulting in a curfew and weapon raids.

As reported last period, the Iraqi government issued an eviction order for IDPs living in governmental buildings. The official notice, which gave IDPs 48 hours to clear their locations, ended on Saturday 26 April. A total of 75 IDP families have been asked to leave government buildings throughout the governorate. As of this writing, these families have not yet evacuated their residences.

Ten IDP families living in a public building in a former military intelligence building in Jenaina neighbourhood were among the families involved in the eviction order issued by the government to evacuate the public buildings as soon as possible. The Iraqi army visited the building twice with evacuation orders. The IDP families held a strike near the base of the Iraqi army. No one has been forcefully removed from the military buildings.

Assessment based on 4,841 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 51.52% Basrah 0.66% Salah al-Din 26.67% Wassit 0.25% Anbar 8.18% Ninewa 0.17% Diyala 6.44% Qadissiya 0.04% Tameem 4.03% Erbil 0.02% Babylon 2.02%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 99.83% Arab Sunni Muslim 0.06%

International Organization for Migration 6

Access to Water: District Yes No District Yes No Abu Al-Khaseeb 99.30% 0.70% Basrah 95.26% 4.74% Al-Midaina 95.45% 4.55% Fao 100.00% Al-Qurna 99.19% 0.81% Shatt Al-Arab 93.43% 6.57% Al-Zubair 89.28% 10.72%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Abu Al-Khaseeb 73.24% 26.76% Al-Midaina 92.25% 6.42% 1.34% Al-Qurna 76.92% 23.08% Al-Zubair 70.77% 25.21% 4.02% Basrah 69.58% 28.29% 2.06% Fao 100.00% Shatt Al-Arab 59.15% 40.85%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In October 2007, IOM completed the distribution of food and non-food items to 2,863 IDP families. During the recent crisis, IOM delivered 250 food baskets to hospitals in Basrah, completing the distribution the beginning of April. IOM has also stockpiled 2,000 NFIs for any potential emergency situation in Basrah.

Dahuk :

The security situation remains calm, especially after an agreement signed in Baghdad between the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and Turkey regarding the issue of how to handle the PKK rebels. The agreement outlines that the KRG and Iraqi authorities must not allow for any armed group to use Iraqi lands to attack Turkey, and all parties must look for a political solution to resolve the violence. However, attacks by Turkish troops against PKK forces continue, and recently the Turkish army targeted the districts of Amedi and .

The area continues to be affected by drought, with concerns that Iraqis in this region will be forced to leave their homes in search of a more sustainable livelihood. Some families have already left their homes due to the drought.

Assessment based on 2,909 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 57.65% Salah al-Din 0.07% Ninewa 40.39% Muthanna 0.07% Tameem 0.76% Erbil 0.03% Basrah 0.55% Diyala 0.03% Anbar 0.41% Babylon 0.03%

Ethnicity/Religion : Kurd Sunni Muslim 35.61% Turkmen Shia Muslim 0.89% Chaldean Christian 31.45% Kurd Yazidi 0.89% Assyrian Christian 20.80% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.41% Armenian Christian 3.95% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.17% Arab Sunni Muslim 2.44% Kurd Christian 0.21% Arab Shia Muslim 2.06% Armenian Sunni Muslim 0.07%

Access to Water: District Yes No Amedi 76.09% 22.56% Dahuk 99.34% 0.60%

International Organization for Migration 7 Sumel 81.46% 18.54% Zakho 100.00%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Dahuk 25.76% 8.87% 1.36% Sumel 2.13%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: None to date.

Diyala :

In general, Diyala has witnessed improvement in the security past few months when compared to 2007. Most areas are now safe and guarded by awakening forces. Many families have returned, and returns are expected to increase in the next month as families are waiting for the end of the academic year (end of June) to return. Not all returning families have registered with MoDM’s Ba’quba branch, as the office requires proof of return from the local city council and proof of displacement from the city council in the area of displacement, and not all families are able to fulfil this requirement for registration.

Despite improved security overall, in some areas suicide attacks have increased over the last few weeks, randomly targeting people in Ba’quba, Baladrooz and Al-Muqdadiya districts, and kidnappings and attacks on checkpoints were reported in Ba’quba. However, the rest of the governorate is relatively calm.

27 families returned to their place of origin in Al Ghalibiya, Hibhib sub-district, Al-Khalis district because of the improved security in this area. However, they found their homes either partially or completely destroyed as well as contaminated water, which is causing diseases in the returnee population, especially among children. Unemployment is rampant in this area; most of these families were working in a cement factory, cotton factory or nearby fuel stations which have all been closed due to terrorist activities.

The military and awakening forces informed IDP families who were displaced from Khan Bane Sa’ad to Ba’quba-Hay Al Tahrir, 7 Nissan, New Ba’quba, and Al Mu’alemeen neighbourhoods that they should return back to their place of origin within 30 days because the security situation in this area had improved.

Assessment based on 11,816 families.

Places of Origin: Diyala 81.11% Tameem 0.19% Baghdad 18.06% Salah al-Din 0.14% Anbar 0.23% Basrah 0.05% Babylon 0.19% Qadissiya 0.03%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 39.52% Kurd Sunni Muslim 1.37% Arab Sunni Muslim 50.72% Turkmen Shia Muslim 0.47% Kurd Shia Muslim 7.79% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.13%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Khalis 39.51% 60.49% Al-Muqdadiya 65.23% 34.77% Baladrooz 64.88% 35.12% Ba'quba 44.30% 55.70% 77.91% 22.09%

International Organization for Migration 8

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Al-Khalis 74.54% 21.81% 3.04% Al-Muqdadiya 45.94% 30.61% 21.58% Baladrooz 13.55% 65.19% 21.26% Ba'quba 62.22% 22.11% 15.67% Khanaqin 64.74% 26.96% 8.30%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In September 2007, IOM provided 3,350 IDP families in Diyala with food and non-food items. Also in September, IOM assisted 1,400 families with food and non-food items.

Erbil :

Some IDPs have arrived from Mosul, Ninewa due to ongoing military operations in Mosul. According to officials from the KRG, it is expected that displacement will increase in the coming months from Ninewa to Erbil and Dahuk due to these military offensives.

Returns are taking place both to and from . In addition to the 125 families who departed Basirma neighbourhood of Harir sub-district in Bnaslawa district, local authorities reported 25 IDP families who have returned to Baghdad and Diyala, and only seven IDP families remain. In Rasti quarter, the local mukhtar reported that 15 IDP families returned to their places of origin in Ninewa and Baghdad, and 29 IDP families remain.

Assessment based on 4,249 families.

Places of Origin: Ninewa 47.71% Erbil 0.12% Baghdad 45.30% Muthanna 0.09% Tameem 2.33% Babylon 0.09% Diyala 1.79% Kerbala 0.07% Salah al-Din 0.80% Najaf 0.05% Anbar 0.68% Qadissiya 0.02% Basrah 0.16%

Ethnicity/Religion : Kurd Sunni Muslim 39.68% Kurd Christian 0.24% Chaldean Christian 23.46% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.16% Arab Sunni Muslim 21.75% Kurd Yazidi 0.05% Assyrian Christian 5.93% Chaldean Sunni Muslim 0.02% Arab Shia Muslim 1.62% Turkmen Shia Muslim 0.02% Armenian Christian 1.08% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.02% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.54% Arab Christian 0.14%

Access to Water: District Yes No Erbil 99.32% 0.05% Koisnjaq 97.11% 1.16% Makhmur 100.00% Mergasur 100.00% 87.78% Soran 97.25%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity

International Organization for Migration 9 hours per day day Erbil 10.24% Koisnjaq 39.88% Makhmur 100.00% Mergasur 100.00% Shaqlawa 87.78% 1.11% Soran 93.58% 3.67%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008 : In February 2008, IOM finished distributing food and non-food items to 2,210 IDP and vulnerable host community families, including IDP groups who were displaced by cross-border Turkish shelling.

Kerbala :

The security situation has improved over the past few weeks. However, military search-and-arrest campaigns continue. Many military checkpoints remain, making movement throughout the governorate difficult for monitors.

Assessment based on 9,557 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 59.59% Tameem 1.78% Diyala 22.92% Salah al-Din 1.65% Anbar 7.70% Kerbala 0.16% Ninewa 3.24% Wassit 0.01% Babylon 2.95%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 98.20% Turkmen Shia Muslim 1.36% Arab Yazidi 0.28%

Access to Water: District Yes No Ain Al-Tamur 100.00% Al-Hindiya 95.14% 4.86% Kerbala 88.65% 11.31%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Ain Al-Tamur 74.12% 24.71% 0.74% Al-Hindiya 73.17% 23.88% 2.13% Kerbala 72.71% 21.54% 4.91%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008 : In July 2007, IOM distributed food and non-food items to 3,108 families in Kerbala.

Kirkuk :

As mentioned last report, 42 Turkmen IDP families displaced from Mosul to Hay Bakler have not been able to register with MoDM, rent homes, or transfer their PDS cards. They continue to be harassed by the police and military forces with pressure to return to Mosul, but due to attacks from insurgents against them, they cannot return.

IDPs living in Hay Al Ryadh in Al-Hawiga district continue to be accused of causing instability in the area, and they have been targeted by the MNF-I/IF. 20 IDPs have been arrested from this area.

International Organization for Migration 10 Assessment based on 7,958 families.

Places of Origin:

Diyala 29.37% Basrah 0.29% Baghdad 20.21% Babylon 0.24% Salah al-Din 17.70% Erbil 0.09% Tameem 15.45% Thi-Qar 0.05% Ninewa 14.49% Najaf 0.04% Anbar 1.80%

Places of Origin: Diyala 29.58% Erbil 0.34% Baghdad 19.48% Basrah 0.28% Salah al-Din 17.81% Babylon 0.23% Tameem 14.75% Thi-Qar 0.05% Ninewa 14.58% Najaf 0.04% Anbar 2.31%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Sunni Muslim 51.80% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.84% Kurd Sunni Muslim 18.17% Chaldean Christian 0.69% Turkmen Shia Muslim 18.76% Armenian Christian 0.24% Arab Shia Muslim 2.75% Arab Yazidi 0.08% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 3.19% Turkmen Christian 0.04% Assyrian Christian 1.96%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Hawiga 43.60% 56.40% 43.10% 56.90% 71.98% 27.32%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Al-Hawiga 72.85% 7.51% 19.65% Daquq 64.88% 7.25% 27.15% Kirkuk 79.55% 16.35% 2.61%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In February 2007, IOM distributed food and non-food items to 743 IDP families in Kirkuk. In February 2008, IOM finished distributing food and non-food items to 1,500 IDP and vulnerable host community families.

Missan :

Security remains relatively calm, compared to the neighboring governorates. MoDM’s Missan branch office established phone lines for IDPs to call with any inquiry. Monitors are distributing these numbers to IDPs during their field visits.

Assessment based on 6,170 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 84.47% Wassit 0.49% Diyala 7.05% Babylon 0.36% Salah al-Din 4.54% Basrah 0.23%

International Organization for Migration 11 Tameem 1.57% Ninewa 0.19% Anbar 1.05% Kerbala 0.02%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 99.90% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.10%

Access to Water: District Yes No Ali Al-Gharbi 76.94% 21.55% Al-Kahla 47.80% 52.20% Al-Maimouna 79.40% 19.35% Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 88.05% 11.95% Amara 87.81% 12.11% Qal'at Saleh 56.53% 38.10%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Ali Al-Gharbi 96.46% 1.52% Al-Kahla 56.38% 42.92% Al-Maimouna 96.77% 1.99% Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 96.21% 3.79% Amara 84.74% 11.58% 3.23% Qal'at Saleh 94.78%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In March 2008, IOM started the distribution of non-food items to 1,000 IDP and host community families in Missan.

Muthanna :

Security is stable.

Local authorities issued a new order to remove all illegal collective settlements within two weeks, regardless of whether the squatting families are IDPs or host community. Many IDPs live in these settlements because they cannot afford anything else. For example, five IDP families (30 people) and 112 families from the host community reside illegally in mud houses on public land in Al Tanak neighborhood.

Assessment based on 2,525 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 72.44% Ninewa 1.11% Diyala 14.10% Wassit 0.71% Anbar 7.64% Qadissiya 0.67% Babylon 1.82% Erbil 0.20% Salah al-Din 1.31%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 99.45%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al Khidhir 81.90% 18.10% Al-Rumaitha 61.71% 38.29% Al-Salman 100.00% Al-Samawa 77.14% 22.86%

International Organization for Migration 12

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day 66.65% 29.86% 3.01% Al Khidhir 61.90% 28.57% 9.52% Al-Rumaitha 64.87% 31.25% 3.02% Al-Salman 46.15% 53.85% Al-Samawa 69.85% 27.78% 2.36%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: None to date.

Najaf :

Security remains stable throughout the governorate.

In order to improve distribution of the monthly stipend provided to IDPs, the MoDM Najaf branch office is currently working systematically to correct incorrectly registered names.

25 families have been displaced from different places in Baghdad to Al Hussein neighborhood. They cannot afford the high cost of rent, as many of them are unemployed. Most of children of these families suffer infections and ailments, while the women are socially isolated from the host community. These families are in urgent need of food item and non-food items.

Ten families displaced from Baghdad to Messan neighborhood in district suffer from unemployment and rising rental costs. The area lacks services such as water and electricity. Most families have not been able to transfer their PDS food ration cards and have sold their furniture to cover other costs. These families are in need of food and non-food items.

Assessment based on 5,486 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 87.77% Babylon 0.98% Diyala 5.78% Salah al-Din 0.89% Anbar 1.97% Tameem 0.82% Ninewa 1.77% Wassit 0.02%

Ethnicity/Religion :

Arab Shia Muslim 99.78% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.22%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Manathera 100.00% Kufa 99.14% 0.06% Najaf 98.95% 0.17%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Al-Manathera 98.79% 1.21% Kufa 93.40% 5.61% Najaf 92.62% 4.95% 2.35%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In April 2007, IOM completed a distribution of food and non-food items to 2,099 IDP families.

International Organization for Migration 13 Ninewa :

After two months of clashes between MNF-I/IF and insurgents, which included air strikes, mortar attacks, IED explosions, car bombs, and assassinations, the official military offensive has begun. However, clashes are not as widespread as expected. On 9 May, a curfew was imposed for pedestrians and vehicles in Mosul and surrounding areas. The curfew was partially lifted as of today (15 May) for the hours between 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. Security differs from one neighborhood to the next. Many of the affected neighborhoods already suffer from few public services or operating infrastructure. In addition, local prices of food and household items are growing increasingly expensive, adding yet another hardship.

Due to the curfew there is a shortage of food items, electricity, water, and fuel for residents in affected areas.

No mass displacement has been recorded, although there are reports some families fleeing to Erbil and Anbar.

The military operations in Mosul are affecting IDPs in other areas. For example, due to insecurity and an imposed curfew, IDPs who live in Alqosh of Tilkaif district and the surrounding areas cannot travel to Mosul to pick up their PDS ration. Most of them cannot go to work, and university students cannot travel to Mosul to attend classes.

Assessment based on 11,391 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 53.60% Babylon 0.48% Ninewa 35.34% Wassit 0.20% Basrah 6.64% Qadissiya 0.11% Diyala 1.20% Thi-Qar 0.04% Tameem 0.94% Kerbala 0.04% Salah al-Din 0.79% Erbil 0.04% Anbar 0.59%

Ethnicity/Religion :

Assyrian Christian 40.08% Turkmen Shia Muslim 1.65% Arab Sunni Muslim 27.59% Arab Shia Muslim 0.83% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 12.01% Arab Yazidi 0.29% Chaldean Christian 12.23% Armenian Christian 0.21% Kurd Sunni Muslim 2.72%

Access to Water: District Yes No 100.00% Al-Ba'aj 100.00% Al-Hamdaniya 56.63% 43.37% 100.00% Mosul 69.51% 30.49% Shekhan 85.23% 14.77% 25.00% 75.00% Telafar 71.19% 28.81% Tilkaif 65.29% 34.71%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Akre 71.92% 28.08% Al-Ba'aj 100.00%

International Organization for Migration 14 Al-Hamdaniya 81.46% 7.22% 4.71% Hatra 100.00% Mosul 28.63% 63.90% 7.03% Shekhan 84.09% 15.91% Sinjar 100.00% Telafar 17.55% 82.45% Tilkaif 55.73% 43.20% 0.99%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: IOM provided food and NFIs to 4,587 families in Ninewa in July and August. In September and October, IOM provided water and clothes to 500 IDP families in Sinjar following the attack on the Yazidi community there and food and non- food items to 160 families in the Girdassen tent camp in . In December, IOM distributed fuel and heaters to 20 schools in Ninewa, benefiting 9,271 students. In November 2007 and again in January 2008, IOM distributed fuel tanks and kerosene to IDPs living in Girdassen camp and elsewhere in Ninewa. In January and February 2008, IOM distributed food and NFIs to 700 vulnerable families throughout Ninewa. IOM has pre-positioned 2,000 food and non-food items to respond to potential displacement due to military operations in Mosul.

Qadissiya :

Security continues to be stable.

21 families displaced from Baghdad and Al Ramadi to Al Ghadeer neighborhood are living in a collective settlement in primitive shelter made with mud walls, wooden roofs, and plastic sheeting. They often sell their PDS food rations in order to buy other needed items. 20 children from these families have abandoned their education due to lack of funds. The IDPs rely on illegally-diverted water, and a lack of sewage system has resulted in pools of standing, stagnant water. These families are in urgent need of food and non-food items.

75 families displaced from Baghdad, Salah Al-Din, and Diyala to Al Salam neighborhood are living illegally in a collective settlement on governmental land. The families live in substandard shelter and lack a sewage system. About 45 of the families have no income and the head of households are jobless, while others who are working do not earn enough to cover daily costs. These families are in urgent need of food and non-food items.

Assessment based on 3,503 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 81.50% Babylon 1.68% Diyala 6.48% Wassit 0.26% Anbar 4.62% Ninewa 0.09% Salah al-Din 2.97% Basrah 0.03% Tameem 2.37%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 100.00%

Access to Water: District Yes No Afaq 100.00% Al-Shamiya 99.39% 0.61% Diwaniya 99.67% 0.33% Hamza 100.00%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Total 87.67% 7.79% 1.34% Afaq 94.46% 2.04% 3.50% International Organization for Migration 15 Al-Shamiya 97.17% 2.83% Diwaniya 89.12% 9.51% 0.75% Hamza 69.00% 9.23% 3.51%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In January 2008, IOM distributed food and non-food items to 2,000 vulnerable IDP and host community families. During the recent crisis, IOM delivered 250 food baskets to the main hospital in Diwaniya, completing the distribution the beginning of April.

Salah al-Din :

The security situation has been relatively calm over the past two weeks in districts such as , Al- Daur and Al-Shirqat, although some car bomb attacks occurred against awakening forces in Al-Daur, and against MNF-I in Tikrit. The MNF-I has increased its troop presence and air support throughout the governorate.

As mentioned in past reports, police are searching for and evicting IDPs coming from and Diyala and Anbar governorates, due to security concerns. Monitors’ visits revealed that many IDPs from these areas have indeed returned to these places of origin.

Assessment based on 10,693 families.

Places of Origin: Baghdad 61.85% Wassit 1.01% Basrah 14.75% Babylon 0.89% Diyala 9.37% Thi-Qar 0.80% Salah al-Din 5.43% Ninewa 0.48% Tameem 2.67% Qadissiya 0.15% Anbar 2.45% Kerbala 0.07%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Sunni Muslim 94.97% Kurd Shia Muslim 0.01% Arab Shia Muslim 3.05% Kurd Sunni Muslim 0.59% Turkmen Shia 1.16% Turkmen Sunni 0.08% Muslim Muslim

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Daur 94.04% 5.96% Al-Shirqat 83.19% 16.81% 90.97% 8.65% Balad 85.93% 14.07% Samarra 65.43% 34.57% Tikrit 88.23% 11.58% Tooz 86.64% 13.36%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Total 58.47% 39.15% 2.02% Al-Daur 70.21% 27.32% 2.46% Al-Shirqat 46.72% 52.29% 0.98% Baiji 31.90% 61.01% 6.71% Balad 67.34% 32.66% Samarra 36.42% 63.58% Tikrit 70.81% 27.48% 0.85% Tooz 76.83% 22.55% 0.63%

International Organization for Migration 16 IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In February, IOM completed the distribution of food and non-food items to 1,500 vulnerable IDP and host community families in Salah al-Din.

Sulaymaniyah : Drought continues to affect IDPs and host communities in the governorate.

In March, the KRG Department of Displacement and Migration opened an office in Sulaymaniyah and began activities in the governorate. Previously, the local security office and the governor’s office were in charge of IDPs issues.

In Bakrajo and Arbat (Sulaymaniya district) and Said Sadeq ( district) IDPs (about 175 post- 2006 families) are especially in need of kerosene and NFIs. These IDPs tend to live in poor conditions, and although most have access to fuel, they cannot afford it. Most of the families were not able to bring their furniture or basic household items from their place of origin, and due to their poor economic condition, they cannot buy these items from the market. Assessments based on 4,826 families.

Places of Origin: Diyala 50.68% Babylon 0.46% Baghdad 41.50% Basrah 0.44% Anbar 3.05% Wassit 0.12% Ninewa 1.78% Sulaymaniyah 0.12% Salah al-Din 0.93% Thi-Qar 0.10% Tameem 0.64% Kerbala 0.06%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Sunni Muslim 64.09% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.25% Kurd Sunni Muslim 22.15% Chaldean Christian 0.17% Arab Shia Muslim 9.78% Arab Christian 0.08% Kurd Shia Muslim 2.51% Assyrian Christian 0.04% Kurd Yazidi 0.35% Armenian Christian 0.02% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.27%

Access to Water: District Yes No Darbandihkan 99.80% Dokan 86.39% 12.83% Halabja 98.80% 1.20% Kalar 99.39% 0.56% Pshdar 100.00% Rania 98.22% 1.78% 100.00% Sulaymaniya 96.13% 3.87%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Darbandihkan 99.80% 0.20% Dokan 19.11% 79.58% 0.52% Halabja 96.80% 3.20% Kalar 99.75% 0.15% Pshdar 100.00% Rania 100.00% Sharbazher 100.00% Sulaymaniya 3.54% 81.85% 14.61%

International Organization for Migration 17 IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008: In response to the cholera health emergency in Sulaymaniyah, IOM provided Compound Sodium Lactate and sodium chloride 0.9% intravenous infusions. In February 2008, IOM finished distributions of food and non-food items to 2,740 vulnerable IDP and host community families, including IDPs who were displaced by cross- border Turkish shelling. In March, IOM completed daily water trucking to cholera-affected areas, assisting 90,000 individuals.

Thi Qar :

The security situation in general is more stable than last month, but residents continuously fear deterioration in the security situation.

In Al Kadhum Village, Hay Al-Nasr, Al-Shatra district, a group of 30 IDP families are dependent on river water for all water use, which is causing gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections. This area is in need of a water purification system. In Sidenawiy sub-district of Nassriya district, a group of 18 IDP families and 10 host community families also suffer from a lack of water and are in need of water tanks.

Assessment based on 6,296 families .

Places of Origin: Baghdad 68.38% Babylon 2.51% Salah al-Din 13.31% Wassit 1.10% Diyala 8.32% Muthanna 0.21% Anbar 3.19% Ninewa 0.06% Tameem 2.81% Basrah 0.03%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 99.83% Arab Sunni Muslim 0.13% Sabean Mandean 0.03%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Chibayish 87.29% 9.65% Al-Rifa'i 83.43% 16.57% Al-Shatra 95.13% 4.87% Nassriya 97.89% 2.11% Suq Al-Shoyokh 93.61% 6.39%

Access to Electricity District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Total 85.37% 11.99% 2.24% Al-Chibayish 76.94% 14.12% 8.24% Al-Rifa'i 79.19% 18.99% 1.47% Al-Shatra 89.76% 10.24% Nassriya 89.39% 7.65% 2.30% Suq Al-Shoyokh 85.50% 10.32% 3.93%

Wassit :

The security situation in Wassit is relatively calm compared to the last reporting period, mainly due to a high security presence. Heavy IF patrols police the main roads of city, and a detention campaign is being carried out by joint forces (MNF-I and IF) in Hay Al Jihad and Al Kareemiya, after the mortar shelling of the military base near these neighbourhoods. A curfew is still in place in Kut.

International Organization for Migration 18 Assessment based on 12,149 families .

Places of Origin: Baghdad 65.17% Tameem 0.48% Diyala 32.88% Anbar 0.30% Babylon 1.04% Salah al-Din 0.14%

Ethnicity/Religion : Arab Shia Muslim 100.00%

Access to Water: District Yes No Al-Hai 87.93% 12.07% Al-Na'maniya 68.96% 31.04% Al-Suwaira 94.77% 5.23% Badra 28.47% 71.53% Kut 74.13% 25.60%

Access to Electricity: District Four or more 1-3 hours per No Electricity hours per day day Total 64.82% 18.78% 16.40% Al-Hai 80.37% 14.43% 5.20% Al-Na'maniya 73.83% 14.95% 11.21% Al-Suwaira 70.34% 9.64% 20.02% Badra 67.46% 22.71% 9.83% Kut 56.75% 23.82% 19.43%

IOM emergency distribution assistance in 2007 & 2008 : In July 2007, IOM assisted 3,270 IDP and host community families with food and non-food items in Wassit. During the recent crisis, IOM delivered 250 food baskets to the main hospital in Kut, completing the distribution the beginning of April.

Please note that displacements and returns are occurring on a continuous basis, and IOM strives to update this information as frequently as possible. Through its monitoring and needs assessments, IOM has also developed Governorate Needs Assessment Profiles, the 2007 Iraq Displacement Year in Review, and IDP camp updates. For these and information on the IOM’s needs assessment methodology, see http://www.iom-iraq.net/idp.html .

For further information on IDP displacement in Iraq, please contact Dana Graber Ladek, Iraq Displacement Specialist, at [email protected] (+962 79 611 1759).

International Organization for Migration 19