King of Outdoor Sports These Mellow Summer Days When the Engine Gets Sluggish Look for Compression Leak reasons for on This Im¬ this. First m., Symposium volume of'gas used; In orÄ**« use of the power generated Imak« portant Topic of burned gas the piston míst thl ANOTHER chungo has been made in the rate of taxes to be of the cylinder. When it traÍS °« placed way in the 2?2? the Federal upon automobiles now in service. The cylinder the space ..> by government Motoring the piston which contain« th« -Î 0T« schedule away from the scheme of taxing on the of gas is only about swings unequal whn on-nf-h .,.*« ¡ist of the car when new to a for taxation the piston has travelled .ti.at price plan upon horsepower way down. e j [Encino compression, a subject oí con¬ Therefore, by crawi iating. This is the system by which most state automobile taxes are; siderable Importance to motorists. Is dls- a full cylinder of gas and then""'? * and is a better from the of view of the ¦ussed by two contributors to the automo. pressing it into a small levied, certainly thing point !>!!<» puce. Mr. Ur-fcaw and Mr. Stewart, about space .t.?" both of them heads of automobile top. five times motorist. schools.] gas is used, «h/volum^ !»e giving five times k? Here is the way the proposed taxes compare with those already William H. power. levied in New York »State the Automobile Bureau of the .Secretary! By Stewart, Jr. -Second, when the gas is by it wi 1 como»««. An case of loss of engine gmte much more readilvTi tf State: interesting burn much more power came to my attention recently. evenly. In fact" it Federal Tax New York State Tax \ friend had possible to have ,s0 much Proposed comp'ained frequently that the w, 1 comptes*^ Under 23 Under 25 $5 -.hat his engine was troubled with cas ignite from that cmu horsepower. $10 horsepower. carbon. He had the cleaned alone, and frequently there is pre *. 24-30 20 25-34 10 ey'indors tion because of too high horsepower. horsepower. and then employed the usual methods Loss compressing 31-40 30 35-49 15 to reduce carbon Still the of compression, therefore 'm«,.. horsepower. horsepower. deposits. loss of power and waste, Above 40 50 carbon accumulated faster than he of because a7,,ii horsepower. 50 Above horsepower. 25 could it cylinder gas is taken in and on-, keep down, accompanied by part of it used, and the explosion« It is interesting also to note that the State of Connecticut taxes symptoms such as weak power, enpir.e weak and irregular. n J motor cars at the rate of 50 cents a Cars from 1 to missing explosions, sluirprishness when horsepower. rating throttle was opened, and carbon knock There is something of the a coil in action of 10 horsepower pay .$5. The highest horsepower in the Connecticut table, pulling hills. spring compressing the «, The of carbon were all The force of the is 80, paying $40 tax. symptoms would send compression aR present, including the knock, particu¬ the piston back to a poj. The great majority of automobiles in this country fall in the $10 larly on a hill, and a trail of bluish- where there was no R at the compression class. For instance, we are told that of 5,429,33(1 cars registered in the white smoke following the car and in¬ just point of highes; compre? that the was sion, a spark is United States are Ford cars. The Ford rates 22.51 dicating engine piling up introduced, which h 2,341,173 engine more carbon as fast as it could. He chemical action, expands the tra« 'U so that, horsepower. Buick four, 18.2; Chevrolet four, 21.7; Frant six, 21.6; I assured me that the carbon had just idly, between the force«' of «» been cleaned out the valves pression and expansion the Hupmobile four, 1G.9; Maxwell four, 21; Moon 6-36, 19.8; Oakland six, antl driven down with piston 'S Oldsmobile Overland Saxon ground. When asked about the com- great power. 19; six, 18.9; Model. 90, 18.2; six, 19.8; pression he admitted that he did not In addition to the push rods bei», Studebaker four, 19.6, are some of the larger production cars that run in know how to test it. adjusted so close that they hold k This is one of the of valves there are small disadvantages open, a number of horsepowers. the self-starter.a person doesn't have otiier places where bss of comm-1 In the $20 class fall such cars as Buick six, Chandler, Dodge Bros., to crank the engine by hand. Former¬ might occur. *here are Ihe ,- vafô¿S Franklin, Haynes six, Hudson, Jordan, Lexington, Liberty, Mitchell, ly- one always knew whether the engine and ,. some forms construction, side' had good compression or not because valve cages, where there may be ù*u Moon 6-66, Nash, Oldsmobile eight, Reo, Steams four, Studebaker 6-50, he tested it 'every time he started it, spark plugs, at the base where a«' Stutz, Velie, White, Willys-Knight Four and Six. and any loss of compression became screw into'the cylinders, and Willys evident. So friend around the sometí»? In default of a better system, horsepower is all But rated immediately my insulators; net or A* right.. uncovered the starting handle from a cocks, both at the base «M"? horsepower is not developed, by a whole lot, chiefly through the fault pile of rubbish under the rear scut valve. Where the cylinder head, S of the formula. For instance, the Ford and the Mercer have the same and we cranked the engine. removable, there might be a leak K Compression was weak in all the tween the head.and the eylirde" S. A. E. rated horsepower. The Ford engine is 3% inches bore 4 cylinders. The valves had been cause of a poor £' by just gasket or fail,,«"Ur* t(, inches stroke. The Mercer engine is 3% inches bore by 6% inches ground, so we ran the engine and bolt the head tight? injected oil around the valve caps, If the stroke. The Mercer engine will develop 70 horsepower; the Ford, of cylinders are worn out «I spark plugs, and compression relief round, or have scores .r nowhere near that. As as no ridges cut course, long horsepowers are computed on valves. Since bubbles came through them, the piston rings will noI.nl' the stroke such differences will be observable. But as has been un¬ the oil we knew they were tight. In¬ tight joint and said, spection of the clearance between leak the compressed Ea. «¡i less a of taxation on the cost of car by piston. Piston system price the to the present owner valve lifters and valve stems showed times ose their rinf, sol! is put into effect, taxing on horsepower is the next best and far a space sufficiently larce to admit a gummed fast with elasticity or^S thing of that the burned oil and» better than the idea first that car piece newspaper, proving bon. and no longer press proposed, the price cf the when new, valves were not held off seats. firmly ¿abri of its their he cylinder walls, and regardless present age, should be the basis of the tax. The only place remaining where retaining pins break offoccaMonalKand could was around the Hr!' compression escape work around until all the <> the caused scored or oval eni £ pistons, by CVent »»¦ leaks Golf for Automobile Workers cylinders or trouble with the rinirs, Lackl", '"nVoí V\e'ther oi p.? Factory such as their worn, lubricating will chusp tu A MONO "first on being badly broken, same trouble Th is record" things it is worth while to include mention of j :-cored, slots in line or gummed by tected usually nayV .+*- a carbon stuck quickly by knocking in the « golf course laid out in Lansing, Mich., for the use of employes Get Those Extra Miles Out and in their grooves, so gine I. some cases carbon ci' the Chauffeurs Form Red Cross that they could not spring out. On on the exhaust deposit Reo Motor Car Company. Recognizing that recreation is neces¬ Of Your Worn Tire the engine again and valve seat keens to Casing Women on for Sock i-tarting holding valve from closing and affects the sary the of the workers and also that is a Severe Work Auxiliary 'he hand over the breather tube the qom happiness golf mighty fine Don't throw that old tire is the Taking Knitting pression. coï away, New York was solved. form of that same recreation, the company is an 18-hole course chauffeurs have taken to mystery having injunction of the Goodyear Tire and sock knitting. Members of Such a rush of gas came out that it To test for compression, each made. A clubhouse will be built on. This the Irish- der must be cylin- later is more even than the Rubber Company. Few tires are com¬ In Tire Factories American Automobile Operators' Club vas evident most of the power was dealt with separately members of the now Making have formed No. 37 into the crank case and the nil Open all petcocks except on the Lansing Country Club have in the way of a course, pletely worn out when thrown away. «1 Auxiliary of the leaking cylin. New York County Chapter of the Red was drawn up to the top of the piston «1er to be tested and turn the engine for theirs was, when I last played over it, a 9-hole course Most of them are capable of consider¬ over only. C. J. Butler rmness, tempered by kindliness, she Cross, at 136 East Fifty-first Street, at every suction stroke. This trouble with the starting crank a number able extra if a little help. By .ill be as effective as and are was some of times. Where there are mileage given President Detroit United just a male in- rapidly becoming proficient aggravated by of the unevap- no petcocks A rim-cut patch or an inside tire pro¬ Factory, pector. The aim at all times should in the intricacies of "purling," "turn¬ orated «rasolene leaking down into the remove spark plugs. A iecided opposi- What Women Can Do in Tire Plants tector will often add hundreds of miles States Tire Co. be to keep the tone of the factory busi- ing the heel" and other complexities crank case, thinning the oil. reducing sition to turning the crank should be esslike. of the art of its felt once in each, two this page to-day appears an written to the life of the tire. As one of the large manufacturing gentle knitting. lubricating qualities, with conse¬ turns, for the interesting item, by the head the which has Tuesday of each week is loss of power friction. upward travel of the piston ON of one of A rim-cut i s for ap¬ companies of country j evening quent through every other the rubber tire factories, with the that women patch designed the official date of but This thin oil was all revolution should be dealing part on the inside of the and employed women to do work formerly Guard the Treads if meeting, the *ucked up f*e compressing the are plication tire, j workroom is more on gas. If no such resistance workers playing in this form of Mr. Butler's which lit un¬ done by men, the United States Tire alwavs open, with the readily the suction stroke, is felt, or manufacturing. article is constructed with flaps wives of some of the men in thus the if it is less for the does not to the as derneath the bead or the tire on both Company has carefully observed the You'd Save Your Tires, attend¬ augmenting trouble. cylinder than for go length, have some others with the ance as instructors. A Our at a or if is ;, dealing part sides to the in It is work of its women tiremakefs, with a It is how lone; line of first attempt remedy was to others, there resinarte; women take in hold patch place. to surprising many motorists automobiles stands before a half of which decreases manufacturing, of stating that women completely flexible and and once ap¬ view ascertaining their efficiency never the door, pour teacupful kerosene into quickly while the pis¬ replace enduring, bother about the condition of the while their driver-; utilize a mo¬ each and to ton is at of it men workers. He explains that women can do some is out of and mind. Tires and the special conditions which must few cylinder crank the engine top compression, will be things very well, plied sight be to treads of their ments of leisure to pursue their edu¬ means of the in ¦an indication that there is a which seem to be hopelessly rim cut provided if their work is bring tires, say? the P>. F. by self-starter, order leak but that they do fall short of men workers in other His u maximum of cation with the needles. It therefore to free the in case were somewhere and tests be ways. state¬ are given a new lease of life after results. Goodrich Rubber Company. The tread rings, they should made ments therefore all the We have learned' that one or rubber need surprise no one if the sieht oí stuck in the grooves. After to determine where it is. carry stronger conviction and his article is an being reinforced by a good rim-cut already covering protects the cotton a chauffeur several, point always to be kept in mind is carcass of the tire from industriously knitting in minutes of this we again tried the Leaks past the piston often may be interesting presentation on the subject. , I patch. injury. Ob- his car while for And then there is the inside tire that a manufacturer cannot rush pro¬ viously, then, it is important that the waitinp his employer compression by hand, to find no im¬ located by removing the breather pips duction with female labor. The process tread be becomes a common one this summer. provement. I left him after he had cover and listening while tie engine ¡a protector, which is designed to provide of kept intact. Otherwise dirt,; Still On complete reinforcement for worn and speeding up and constantly urging grease, water and other injurious sub- s Headlight Testing weakened casings. Its use often adds the female laborer to greater efforts stances gain access to the fabric and A T the rate of two a I am several thousand miles to tire life that has been found to be entirely wrong rapid deterioration results. day, informed, automobile lenses and the Women will not stand -»¦*- appears to be about ended. It. is ap¬ being hurried Small slashes anJ holes should be im-l Hauls various devices intended to eliminate glare and dazzle are now and will become nervous and irritable. Truck 3-Ton Loads of Paper, Etc. being on the inside of the tire, as its mediately plugged with If, plied A foreman can ask a man plaster. tested, under the direction of Secretary of State Francis M. in; name suggests, and provides at a very to speed up minor cuts that are caused by Hugo, and keep after him, and the man will over running order that it may be determined just which ones are low coít many miles that otherwise glass, sharp pebbles, etc., are not acceptable under1 would he lost. be none the worse for his more stren¬ taken care of the tire will the at the uous as surely go law, passed last session of the Legislature, which regulates Anything that will give a tire longer efforts, he will take things out of service prematurely. As the tire the automobile situation in this life will keep real, jingling dollars in coolly, but women quickly give way rolls along the cut sucks in water and headlight state. under such condition? to a At the rate of the car owner's pocket and will put off display of gravel, which are absorbed by the fab- present testing, the entire lot may be completed within the when the of a new nerves. ric, just as a wick day purchase In our absorbs oil. two weeks. These tests will not determine the tire would otherwise be necessary. We employment of women the The moisture causes a only lenses and devices state laws hours and fac¬ the separation of which may be used in this state from now are not for economy that goes to the regulating tread from the fabric and the dirt on, but will also settle the max- extent of scrimping, but we believe tory conditions are rigidly observed, works in at the of imum which can be used and in addition to this careful atten¬ Soon point separation. candlepower with any lens or so-called dimming that if the millions of tires available the accumulation of dirt causes a device. in this country are run and tion is given to the safety end comfort "sand blister" or properly of the women. "mud boil." The In the conservation principles observed in The health of the wom¬ tread continues to loosen further interval, although thousands of automobilists in use there will be tires for en is not affected by the nature of around the this state their enough the work tire and the fabric slowly are using headlights that violate the law, things must wait the everybody. they do, as there are no rots away. tests. upon Tire accessories also make an ideai chemicals to contend with, and no wom¬ They should have been completed before this. and investment at en are put to work which ex¬ profitable any time, cessive requires Urged to On The following lenses and devices have thus far been submitted to but right now they are especially time¬ strain. Keep "Saving Secretary of State and have either ly, economical and useful. For instance, Cannot Stand Too Long Freight Cars for Uncle Sam' Hugo, already been tested or will be the tire saver kit which is obtainable In during the next few building tires these women do no Though the Packard Motor Car days: Mac-Kno-Glare shells and frosted from Goodyear service stations is just but there is a Com- bulbs,; heavy lifting, constant pany's truck test ends on Diamond E prism lens, Légalité lens. what the name implies, for it contains play of the muscles of the and last of efficiency the Conaphore lens, Nu Ray, Sun Ray' accessories that a motorist to body dav this month. *he Detroit ;.nd Prismolite permit arms which, if not overdone, furnishes factory is out lenses, Osgood lens, Primolite lens, McKee lens, put into practice the fashionable prin-, healthful exercise. The sending a widespread an-! Xo-Glar-On Coreylite, of tire conservation. only bad ef- peal to all Packard truck owners to lens, Holophane lens, Raydex lens, Warner Lenz, Safèrlite ciples fects that we have observed among the continue Saferlite Take the pressure gauge, which is female employes results from indefinitely with the efforts diffusing, deflecting, Stryker Dillon one of the items in the kit. It en. standing, they have initiated to "save a deflecting device, lens, Legal but at work for too a This cnr for freight Level light, More-Lite More-Lite ables 'the motorist to maintain proper long period. Uncle Sam." clear, amber, Pathfinder, Duplex, Con-! excessive standing occasionally cause? The test was air pressures and to know at all times a originated with the idea trollite, Lee-Knight lens, Cut-Star, Lenslite, Dwellight how much air his tires contain. woman to drop out because ol of aiding the Highway Com¬ auto lens, Queens just trouble with the feet, legs or back mittee to Transport lens, Non-glare lens, Macbeth and Liberty lenses, Shaler Road- Then there's tire putty, which heals But this trouble is not bring about more efficient wounds and out sand and dirt, confined en¬ trucking so that much needed lighter, Noglare lens, Crew keeps tirely to women, as an cars freight Stopglare lens, Daisy lens, Levick Fractors, which are active tire And nearly equa1 might be released for government Stewart destroyers. number of men for the sam« lens, Letts Reflector, Hein Dimmer, E-Z-2-C so on the list. Help your'tires ijuit purposes. To encourage Packard own¬ lens, Clarnert lens through cause. The workrooms are light an< ers and drivers and Suess Rib lens. and save money. "A stitch ill time airy and the $5,000 in awards was saves nine." greatest pains are taker offered. Winners of the awards will to keep them spotlessly clean. be announced in When we first September. started to emploi One of the greatest results accom¬ women it was a source of surprise an« plished thus far by the truck gratification to us to note the busi test is an efficiency This is immense savins: in gasolene.! a 3-ton Denby truck, put into service recently a downtown house anH it.« Hello, How nesslike, earnest and painstaking man Observers who have by doing good work on the job, Are been Cole & are Harry! You, Ray? ner in which attacked the trucks watching the _reported. Dixon the local distributers of the Denby truck. they work in the test have yet to find a They seemed to be more interested ii single truck with the than motor running Tires to tit learning the new male employe! idle. Many truck owners have I Are Great Sufferers promised new piston riñes ami turned over, a leak indicated b? and to an taken to have the being appeared grasp the work mor« added interest in the return loads cylinders reground, if " slight cnû readily. This quickness to learn ha: movement fostered From Abuse by Auto Drivers found necessary. hissing sound ir trie by -th-; Highways It case the con continued to manifest itself, and wi Transport oth«»r.s "No part of an automobile is more should be noted from this incident during pression ttroke- find that women Committee; have in- .hat An exhaust factory workers upoi auguratcd store doer deliveries where abused than the tires," says W. A. leaky piston rin^rs are a serious valve leak may ¡bebe deter-deter¬ being placed on any whicl customers were handicap to the Oil works mined remo. operation agreeable; still others ! Cawley, manager of the New York Tire and engine. up by .t the exhaust p:p< requires natural skill and dexterit; have investigated the Service, Inc., at gasolene works down, causing loss and in tl or will the work rural express Broadway, Sixty-sixth, ci and ^^^^^^^^^Jn::ir.;.rul(],listening b; grasp more quickly thai problem with promising results. Street, distributer of United States power ruining what would, removing the mar..:-.: but tl* men and will progress faster in th tires and tubes "Where otherwise be a very fine mechanism. itself, exclusively. Of usual practice .- to examine other initial stage of learning. one man his car course, worn rings are more notice¬ operates points ,. We have carefully, able after an and if ,. suspected noted, however, that al thinking of his tires, a hundred drive engine has run two or co remove it though the men are somewhat three years, but f0 on. Leak» slowe Their Sons in heedlessly, without any consideration gummed rings can around the valve in learning new operations, they wil Service for the damage to the and recur at any time. In case of loss of caps, spark F:«; at the end of ¿casings I ewer or cylinder head gasket or nul six weeks or two month tubes which is sure to result from persistent deposits of carbon De located petcocks have speeded up their work to such a careless he sure to determine whether pistons by squirting a little lubR-j extent that driving. r.nd t-ating oil on the If there the individual output of "The care of tires does not take rings lit properly into the cylin¬ leak the joints. i«:j man will of a ders. oil wiil buoble when the e:-l surpass that womai much time nor call for much labor. Many ;;ood cars have been con¬ gme is On an average the ultimate limit of of demned whereas a cor- cranked over. woman's Neglect cuts, braking with needless ¦cct unknowingly, capacity appears to be abou severity, running in car under- diagnosis of the trouble would In addition to thi los of po.1 75 to 80 per cent of a man's tracks, have capacity. nifiation, grease left on casings, ('riv¬ rehabilitated the condemned car through lost compression, often thi» We pay the women tiremakers e> with worn into the new car class. is a the same ing badly non-skid chains, jerky action gine ar.c'j nctly piece rate as men a« around coiners, waste -'-il" on the same speeding striking hard ¦;.!:.. paid operations, but th against curbstones, waste an trou When the hourly rate of the women when the allowing wheels to p¡\ itart is remain out of alignment, are the ordi¬ By H. Clifford Brokaw leaks past the pi ton it co id slightly less than that of th nary causes of tire thi*1 "ion. When have trouble. It is drops into the crank case, ami they attained pr« "If our customers would absolutely impossible to put the lubrica! when! .' iciency, women in our ear spare their pressure upon car and point first class factory 'ires all of the above mentioned hard- service your get added no longer pi rforms its uncti m, «* wages. hi;-'s out of it. as well as save makes a they would increase the mile::!'«' lene and gaso¬ fr< quent renew'al necessW Women Steady Workers service materially." lubricating oil for war needs, if excessive parts is Our unless there is pressure in the avoided. to*-] experience shows that wome ders. This is called cylin¬ e.ke as much interest in their work r Rural compression. Express Service Is '¦A here we have a Wei. c soi-.'.r, oi steamsi«»' nen, und that they work an cylinder losing com¬ speak of keepingKeeping -, steadily the runs the nation because of-«* ire not inclined to change from oi Run by Motor Car Dealer; pression, engine irregularly throughout position to another. To and often causes a knock in the trans¬ conditions, which is an ex) lessionit1' bring aboi The Colt-Stratton has es mission of 'he of i-*'*' his condition it is « ¡.bushed Company the universal joint, es¬ age team sign.fying necessary, daily motor -- course, that the be express connec pecially when the parts are a little readii es f w hat about to foreman intrlligei tions between Stamford. -.vorn. baMg und make' the satistie Now York. Conn., am H is very common for the The automobile has come to play s?".&'\ employes fully \ Dodge Brothers' screei owner to that an li" !' the foreman gives the women prop« iiancl believe such a knock is important par: in modern .*! instructions and takes business car is being used. Thii m the engine itself. we might with sense use an interest has been a equal thejFl lin n- equipped with box on to] In a recent case of 'his pression. vork, the employes show a quic to handle of odd sort which "Keeping up compres»«* responsive interest and package sizes. was brought to mj attention an in¬ for that is not alone necessary loyalty. The express leaves Stamford at I spection the I»jj In matters of discipline we show i o'clock in the developed that the valve push quick start but for continued ill unction between male morning and arrives ii rods on some of the were formance. The wi e jwner, there!'- and fema New York at in town out cylinders Men and women 12:in, taking the of adjustment and kept the valves will look well to his s&w / mm employes. work t along and near the Boston Post Road orT their seat, compression,tig Hurry De Hear ri-^i'ttering surprise nl mi ¦¦¦thi-r iii the same rooms und the: The return all the time. Of course ing it from time to time and m trip is made in the after it was to causes rerno'j,,th* . seeing Kay McNamara so soon. The have been no annoying incidents. Tl noon. impossible have any compres¬ the before neglect put» women sion in these in that it " on are of a One of cylinders. gine such condition .Maxwell trurk it* 'cross-continent f surprisingly high tyi the features of the work i When this condition "there" when needed. intelligence and respectability, ai the service. A exists some gas trip, from .San Francisco t«i New York, have v.on th«' of Captain Glenn W. Tlsdali», U. S. shopping merchant ma will be drawn into the cylinder from respect every one Is a R.J give an order to the driver to be tille cat a schedule the factories. No company commander ns well an the carburetor in the M-day nearly In half, so no wonder D<- the lo av.. I. singing, loud tal in New York or regular way, Hear, Mi urnnrh " regimental adjutant in elsewhere. He buy but when ihc moves McNamara'H early arrival with or fooling is permitted at ai the .'Wist Field. the articles at piston up to. com¬ Time his load 0f food« from "Australia to France. t due. Artillery, stationed at the designated place press the gas, it it Lighting-Up Camp Robinson,! and carries them to simply forces out 7'o
When the Enginegets Sluggish
