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r r ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^___ . ...:./.'.. '.' r r r T r i r . Ml L Finding Recommendations& s McCarthy contents page General Description ........ MA Wild & Issue Concerns& s ......... M& Findings & Recommendations Historic (General) ...............MS Summary of Scenic Resource Values..... M8 Road Management Theme ...••••••••••M9 Scenic Resource Managemen . M1 • t 0. Goal • • s Implementation: Land Ownership and Management Responsibility ••••••• M10 Road Design for Alignment •••»••••• Ml 2 Right-of-Way Management •••••••••• M13 McCarthy-Kennicott Access ......... M14 Railroad Remnants *•••••••••••5 •M1 Greenbelts •••••••••••••••• M16 View Management ••••••*••••••• M17 Turnouts and Road Related Recreation . • .Ml? Developmend an Lane Us d t .........M19 Findings & Recommendations (by Management Units) ..... M22 . Gatewa25 y McCarthy WilHistorid an d c Road ...............M22 26. Silver Lake-Strelna ......... M30 27. Kuskulana and Gilahina. ....... M38 28. Moose Lake .............. M48 29. Lakina River-Long Lake. ..••••• M54 m«o 30. Roads End-McCarthy ......... M64 acces o t numerous s scattered residenced an s General Description recreational homesites. Even by Alaskan The road between Chitina and McCarthy, now com- standards Chitin d McCarthan a e smallar n yI . monl ye "McCarth referreth s a o yt d Road," closely 1970, Chitina had a population of 50 and follows the old grade and alignment of the Copper McCarthy's year round population Is considerably River and Northwestern Railroad. This railroad, less. Chokosna n mos o a smal, tt do mapsl s i , nothing more e thafamil on d nnumerou an y s built between 190 d 19118an , connected Cordovn o a the Gul f Alasko f a wite Kennecotth h t Copper undeveloped lots clustered aroun n airstripa d . Mines near McCarthy. This privately built and Strelna, another name commonly see n mapso ns ha , operated railroa n untira d l 1938 when, after a numbe f scattereo r d homestead-style develop- falling copper a pricethreatene d an s d strike, ments and little else. Native allotments and the mine closed. Almost immediately efforts were homesteads are found all along the road, with the made by citizen groups in Cordova, Chitina and largest concentration around the Long Lake— McCarthy to convert the railroad alignment into a Lakina River area, near McCarthy d wesf an ,o t vehicular road since this was the only form of transportation connecting these small communi- ties. However, such plans were never fully realized due to problems ranging from frequent Kotsina washout o lac t sf fundin o k d politicaan g l sup- port. Chitna It was not until 1971 that a highway bridge across the Copper River was completed, facil- 25 Gateway itating vehicle accese McCarth th o muc t sf o h y Road. However, the remainder of the road was McCarthy Wild Silve6 2 r Lake- plague y continuab d l bridg d trestlan e e washouts & Historic Road Strelna and only for a short period of time could people actuall y frowa me yth Chitin drivl o al t ea McCarthy. Today, the steel span Kuskulana Bridge is the only remaining functional railroad struc- e Gilahinth d turan ae e lasTrestlth t s i e standing wooden railroad trestle. The old trestl rapidls i e y deterioratin wila t i e lb d gan race agains f restoratioi e t se tim o t e n efforts can begin before decay has progressed too far. Toda e McCarthth y y road o connectsmaltw le th s 4 M communitie Chitinf o s McCarthd an a provided an y s Strelnae onlTh y . commercial/recreational 1500 feet at McCarthy. It is within a spruce- developments, aside from those at Chltlna and hardwood forest where natural openings occur McCarthy-Kennicott e lodge-campgrounth e ar , t a d within poorly drained d bogarounan e s th d Silver Lake about 10 miles east of Chitina and a numerous lakes. The Chitina Glacier sculptured small private campground nearby. While some the local topography. It carved out the valley; mining activity still occurs up the Kuskulana created the numerous shallow lake depressions; Rive d eas t -visiblan f McCarthyro no t s i e t i , and deposited the moraines and various materials from the road and road use for hauling supplies which are the basis for the present variable pat- s limitedi e anor d . tern f soilo sd vegetatio an s n communitiese Th . landscape is generally typical of a river valley e McCarthTh y Road follow e uplanth s d terraces n i Southcentral e surroundinth Alaska d an , g abov e Chitinth e a River and o avoit , d grade distinctive mountains are distant and only changes, gradually climbs fro n elevatioa m f o n visibly dominane road'th t sa t eastern (near approximatel 0 fee t 50 yChitina t o clost ao t e McCarthy) and western (near Chitina) ends. Management Units- McCarthy Wil Historid& c Road 30 Roads End- McCarthy Billy Lake Gilahina Butte Lakin9 2 a River-Long Lake 27 Kuskulana & McCarthy Gilahina Moos8 2 e Lake M5 bridges over both forks of the Kennicott River. Issue Concerns& s While most people agree thae currenth t t method (as of August, 1982) of crossing these river • McCarthy Road Realignment Proposal forks via old, hand operated cable trams is unacceptable, ther s considerabli e e disagreement The use of the former Copper River and North- on whether vehicular access into McCarthy should western railroad bed for vehicle traffic has be provided. Sinc e procesth e f gettino s g into created numerous problems. Areas with unstable McCarth s suci ya fundamentah l e aspecth f o t slopes, poor soil condition d inadequatan s e water recreationa f thio se lroadus t seem,i s important drainage have led to high maintenance costs, to evaluate the various access modes with respect difficult driving conditions and frequent road to their effect n scenio s d experientiacan l qual- blockages. In addition, the very narrow, ities. (Se e generaeth l discussio McCarthn o n y winding, dirt surfaced road does not meet com- Acces Managemend san t Unit 30.) monly accepted standard r publifo s c roads. Because cars have more flexibilit d mobilitan y y • Services for Travelers than trains, many problem areas could be readily avoide y movinb d e roa o th 'thags w dlyin lo t g Presently the McCarthy Road has few amenities and areas, creek d riveran s s coul e crosseb d d more service o meet s t traveler needs. Increased efficiently. Consequently, thers beeha e n recreationa y requirma e lus e that roadway infor- interes n realignmeni t e road upgradinth an d f o t g mation turnouts, scenic viewpoints, passing and it to state standards for secondary highways. turnaround pullouts as well as rest areas and Specific plans were outlined in the Chitina - picnic sites be developed. The location and McCarthy Highway Environmental Impact Statement character of such facilities should take advan- (1973); however, no action was taken until the tage of site opportunities and amenities and be federal land status issu s resolvedewa . Whilo n e sensitiv e goal th d objective san o t e s recommended formal alignment and road upgrading plans have for the road. (See Management Units 25 through yet been proposed, thers i intereste , 30). particularly on the part of the DOTPF to minimize • Mining maintenance costs, reduce potential hazards and permit greater public use of the road. Therefore The mineral resources within the Chitina River realignments and road upgrading remain issues. Valley have always attracted people to the area. (See the general discussion on Road Design and While raining activit e e limfuturb th y -n ma i ey Alignmen Managemend an t t Unit throug5 2 s h 30.) ited because of the national park and preserve status, the numerous existing claims and con- Acces• McCartho st y siderable Native corporation landholdings suggest that It will continue to be an Important land Crossin e Kennicotth g o McCartht tt Rivege yo t r use. Mining activity will, for the most part, has always been a challenge and a problem. continue to be distant from the road. However, Vehicular access was only possible for a short McCarthe increaseth f o ye haua us road s la d road M6 time up to the early 1970* s when .there were for materials and ore could significantly alter its character and impact scenic and recreational River crossings. (See Management Units 25, 27, resource values. (Se e generaeth l discussion o n 29 and 30.) minin e discussio th s wela gs d la an Lann o e n Us d development for each management unit.) • Fireweed Mountain State Land Disposal Wrangell-St• . Ellas National ParPreservd kan e e proposeTh d Fireweed Mountain state land dis- posal a residentia, l subdivision, woule b d The McCarthy Road is one of two access roads into accessible from the McCarthy road. The potential Wrangell-St. Ellas National Pard Preservean k . visual impacts of this proposal needs to be eval- e locatioTh d charactenan parf o r k related recre- uatee desireabilit th wels a ds a l f additionao y l ational facilities—information signage, camp- state land disposals alon e roath gd corridor. grounds, trailheads and visitors centers—need to (See the general discussion for the McCarthy Wild be sensitiv o t scenie c resource valuese b , and Historic Road s wel a ,s Managemen a l t Unit locate t appropriata d e site d contributan s o t e 29.) the quality of the recreational driving experi- ence. (Se e generaeth l discussioe th r fo n Lan• d Developmend Usean t McCarthy Wild Historian d c Roas wela ds a l Management Unit throug5 2 s h 30.) Whil e McCarthth e y Roa s nominalli d y withie th n Wrangell-St.