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Design and Analysis of Portable Cartridge Stove M.Raju ISSN No: 2348-4845 International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management and Research A Peer Reviewed Open Access International Journal Design and Analysis of Portable Cartridge Stove M. Raju A.Rama Krishna M.Tech (Thermal Engineering), Professor, BVC Engineering College, M.Tech (Thermal Engineering), Odalarevu, Allavaram, Andhra Pradesh 533210. BVC Engineering College, Odalarevu, Allavaram, Andhra Pradesh 533210. ABSTRACT: A LPG cooking stove reported by Central Petroleum Research Association, India, In view of huge consump- In the present work a stove which is portable in size was tion of LPG in India, there is a need to look at different designed and fabricated and also investigated the perfor- modifications for improving performance of the stove. mance analysis of Cartridge stove. The performance pa- Normally a burner plays an important role in any com- rameters, thermal efficiency and the emission characteris- bustion system. Since proper efficient modifications of a tics was done experimentally according to IS 4246:2002 burner often leads to an efficient combustion and possi- (Domestic Gas Stoves for use with Liquefied Petroleum bility to produce less pollutant formation. Its consump- Gases), IS 5116:1996 (Domestic and Commercial Equip- tion in domestic cooking is increasing every year at the ment for use with LPG General Requirements) and IS rate of approximately. The total domestic consumption of 11482:1985 Specification for Portable Liquefied Petro- LPG in India is almost comparable with other petroleum leum Gas Appliances Operating At Vapour Pressure.Liq- products used in industrial applications. The Overall effi- uefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a popular fuel for domestic ciency of stove depends upon different conditions such as and commercial cooking as it offers clean cooking envi- temperature, pressure, wind speed, specific heat capacity ronment as well as high heat content. Large increases in of the vessel, overall shape of vessel, weight of vessel, the demand of LPG in developing countries like India, and size of vessel.A portable cartridge stove is a cooking it is a necessary to explore the ways to further improve stove specially designed to be portable and lightweight, the thermal efficiency LPG cooking stoves.The Cartridge used in camping, picnicking, backpacking, or other use in stove is a cooking stove specially designed to be portable remote locations where an easily transportable means of and lightweight, used in camping, picnicking, backpack- cooking or heating is needed. Portable stoves can be used ing, or other use in remote locations where an easily trans- in diverse situations, as outdoor food service and in field portable means of cooking is needed. This stove has less hospitals.Since the invention of the portable stove in the maintenance and can be easily assembled whenever re- 19th century, a wide variety of designs and models have quired. Portable stoves can be used in diverse situations, seen use in a number of different applications. Portable such as for outdoor food service and catering and in field stoves can be broken down into several broad categories hospitals.The Thermal Efficiency of the Cartridge Stove based on the type of fuel used and stove design. was experimentally done according to IS 4246:2002 found to be 68.56% and the rate of heat generated by burner is 1. Unpressurized stoves that use solid or liquid fuel placed 1.62 KW. In the emission test, the combustion ratio CO/ in the burner before ignition, Co2 is 0.018. 2.Stoves that use a volatile liquid fuel in a pressurized burner 3.Bottled gas stoves and INTRODUCTION: 4.Gravity-fed “spirit” stoves Energy importance in our daily lives derives simply from Prior to their use, the usual practice when backpacking the fact that it provides essential human services, such as was to build an open fire for cooking from available ma- lighting, cooking, motive power, space heating and cool- terials such as fallen branches. The fire scar left on the ing, water pumping and so on. Liquefied petroleum gas ground would remain for two or three years before the (LPG) is one of the commonly used conventional fuels for vegetation recovered. The accumulation of fire scars in domestic applications. The fuel of LPG finds very wide heavily travelled areas detracted from the pristine appear- application in a large variety of domestic, industrial, com- ance that backpackers expected, leading to more wide- mercial and leisure uses. spread use of portable stove. Volume No: 2 (2015), Issue No: 12 (December) December 2015 www.ijmetmr.com Page 649 ISSN No: 2348-4845 ISSN No: 2348-4845 International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management and Research Technology, Management and Research A Peer Reviewed Open Access International Journal A Peer Reviewed Open Access International Journal LITERATURE SURVEY According to the 2011 census of India, 33.6 million This effect is particularly marked for Butane which will In an electrolytic cell used for electroplating, the object to (28.5%) Indian households used LPG as cooking fuel in not turn from liquid to gas below 0 °C, so that on cold be plated is used as the cathode. Metal cations are reduced Many of the studies have been carried out on the design 2011, which is supplied to their homes in pressurised cyl- days or when the gas is being withdrawn at a high rate, the at the cathode and a layer of metal is deposited on the sur- and fabrication of cartridge stove. inders. LPG is subsidized by the government in India. liquid gets so cold that it delivers low amount of gas, or face of the object. The anode is usually made of the same LPG range are propane (C3H8), Propylene(C3H6), nor- indeed no gas at all. Thus butane tends to be used for low metal as the one being plated at the cathode. A concen- IS 11241: 1985 SPECIFICATION FOR POR- mal and iso-butane (C4H10) and Butylene(C4H8). LPG pressure domestic appliances indoors, or outdoors in the trated solution of a very water-soluble ionic compound TABLE LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS vapour is denser than air: butane is about twice as heavy summer only. Propane continues to turn from liquid to gas of metal being plated is used in the cell compartment as APPLIANCES OPERATING AT VAPOUR as air and propane about one and a half times as heavy as at much lower temperatures than butane and thus gives a the electrolyte. This makes the solution very conductive PRESSURE air. Consequently, the vapour may flow along the ground high pressure of gas on the coldest days. Although pro- and allows the plating to occur relatively quickly. The rate and into drains sinking to the lowest level of the surround- pane cylinders can be used indoors on a temporary basis, of electroplating and the amount of metal plated depend This standard Specifies construction, operation, safety re- ings and be ignited at a considerable distance from the they should not be stored indoors because of the higher on the electrical current, in amps, and the time. A cell for quirements and tests for portable liquefied petroleum gas source of leakage. In still air vapour will disperse slowly. pressures in them. plating copper is shown below. appliances, such as cooking appliances, lights, space heat- Escape of even small quantities of the liquefied gas can ers and blow torches intended for operating at the direct give rise to large volumes of vapour / air mixture and thus CHARCTERSTICS OF PROPANE: vapour pressure of the gas in refillable and non-refillable cause considerable hazard. To aid in the detection of at- gas containers. This standard excludes liquid feed burn- mospheric leaks, all LPG’s are required to be odorized. Propane is used in North America as fuel for heating ers and equipment having integral containers refillable by There should be adequate ground level ventilation where houses, and is also available in smaller portable tanks. user as they may constitute a hazard. LPG is stored. For this very reason LPG cylinders should Gas barbecues, camping stoves, and lanterns frequently not be stored in cellars or basements, which have no ven- can be used with propane fuel. Mixed with small amounts Fig 3.1: Principle of Nickel Plating IS 5116: 1996 DOMESTIC AND COMMER- tilation at ground level. of other substances like butylene, propylene, and butane, CIAL EQUIPMENT FOR USE WITH LPG it can be used as an automobile fuel known as liquefied — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS SIMILARITIES FOR PROPANE AND BU- petroleum gas (LPG). The odorless gas will often have TANE: ethanethiol, which has a strong odor, added to it so any This standard specifies general requirements and methods leaks can be more easily detected. If the gas needs to be of test relevant to these requirements, for domestic and Both gases are derived from petroleum, either from oil or stored for a long time or in variable weather conditions, commercial equipment, for households and other com- Fig : Deposition of Nickel on the surface natural gas, but have different chemical structures. Each propane is usually a better choice than butane. It is rel- mercial catering organizations, using liquefied petroleum burns at similar temperatures and both release water and atively easy to liquefy and compress, and has a boiling gases at 2.942 kN/m2 (30 gf/cm2) gas inlet pressure. carbon dioxide as waste products. If the amount of oxy- point of -44°F (-42°C), which means that it turns into a EQUIPMENT: gen available is limited when the gasses are being burned, gas as soon as it comes out of the tank at any temperature 3. IS 4246:2002 DOMESTIC GAS STOVES they may also produce soot and carbon monoxide. In above this.
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