The Foreign Service Journal, April 2021

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Foreign Service Journal, April 2021 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION APRIL 2021 VIRTUAL DIPLOMACY? FOREIGN SERVICE April 2021 Volume 98, No. 3 Focus on Diplomacy Feature in an Age of Disruption 53 Effective Public Diplomacy: Lessons from Tuk-Tam Listen first, one retired PD practitioner advises. Here is his story of a very successful program. By Ken Moskowitz 26 39 Can Diplomacy Transferring in Be Done Virtually? a Time of Chaos Two Foreign Service officers explore Challenging in the best of times, the question through the lens of FS transfers have become crucibles personal experience. Their answer: in of resilience and determination some ways yes, but mostly no. during the pandemic. By Jessica Huaracayo and By Cameron Woodworth Alexis Ludwig Appreciation 44 31 Pandemic Parenting— Commercial Diplomacy How Foreign Service 56 Strong—Raising the Bar Moms Are (Not) A Truly in the Virtual Era Making It Work Trustworthy Leader In 2020 U.S. companies were forced FS parents—in particular, FS moms— George P. Shultz into a new world of lockdowns and are stretched to the breaking point, 1920-2020 virtual relations, where work norms and there doesn’t seem to be had to be refashioned. A commercial an end in sight. By Steven Alan Honley officer looks at the way ahead. By Donna Scaramastra Gorman By Aileen Nandi 34 49 Retirement In-Person Exchanges, My Reintroduction Supplement Interrupted to America— Some virtual components have A COVID-19 Journey proved helpful, but the face-to-face Returning “home” after years experience—the heart and soul of an overseas is notoriously difficult. 70 exchange program—is irreplaceable. The COVID-19 pandemic gave the Twelve Pitfalls By Deena Mansour experience a whole new, and What to do and what not to do surprising, twist. when planning for life post-career. By Kimberly Harmon By John K. Naland THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | APRIL 2021 5 FOREIGN SERVICE Perspectives Departments 7 85 10 Letters President’s Views Reflections Taking Care of Our The Case of the 13 Letters-Plus Colleagues—and Ourselves Bungled Blacklist 17 Talking Points By Eric Rubin By Kevin Chambers 78 Books 9 86 Letter from the Editor Local Lens Virtual Diplomacy Jurmala, Latvia in an Age of Disruption By Paul Poletes By Shawn Dorman Marketplace 23 80 Real Estate Speaking Out 83 Classifieds Resilience Leadership By Josh Glazeroff 84 Index to Advertisers AFSA NEWS THE OFFICIAL RECORD OF THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION 59 AFSA Celebrates Win on Meritorious Service 66 AFSA Welcomes New Hires to the Foreign Service Increases 67 Save the Date: Foreign Service Day Virtual Events 60 State VP Voice—Are Linked Assignments 68 AFSA Webinar: Reviewing Your Retirement Plan Worth It Anymore? 68 USAID Seeks Assignment and Career Counselors 61 USAID VP Voice—Schedule F(SL): 69 APHIS Offers Foreign Service Fellowship Noncareer Hiring Takes a Toll 62 FCS VP Voice—Our Biggest Untapped Resource 63 AFSA President Meets with Members in 65 Virtual Town Halls 63 AFSA Governing Board Meeting, Feb. 17, 2021 64 State MED Director Briefs AFSA Members on Slow Vaccine Rollout 65 AFSA Seeks Award Nominations for 2021 On the Cover—Illustration by Connie McLennan. 6 APRIL 2021 | THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL PRESIDENT’S VIEWS Taking Care of Our Colleagues— and Ourselves BY ERIC RUBIN ife in the Foreign Service is always ing pandemic is just one example of the We believe the Foreign Service needs challenging. The constant moves, bravery and dedication of its members. significant growth in both resources and the stresses on spouses and fami- Another is the first impeachment personnel, with a rough ideal target of Llies, the unfamiliar illnesses and process of 2019-2020, which saw more 1,000 additional Foreign Service posi- the recurring heavy doses of risk can make than a dozen of our colleagues com- tions at State and equivalent proportional our profession hard to sustain. pelled to testify or give depositions increases in the other departments and For members who do not look like under oath against the express instruc- agencies we represent. the white males making up the major- tions of the president of the United We need a strong and urgent focus on ity of America’s diplomats throughout States. Our colleagues who testified turning around the intolerable decline in most of our history, there are additional turned what could have been a wrench- diversity in all our agencies. And we need obstacles and stresses. Add to this the ingly painful experience into a moment to get the Foreign Service back to the cen- frequent swings of the political pen- of pride, patriotism and determination. ter of the policymaking process on both dulum that undermine trust in our Career colleagues across the govern- foreign affairs and foreign assistance. nonpartisan Service. ment also demonstrated that loyal public From President Biden on down, the This set of problems was com- servants will not be hung out to dry when new administration has sent many posi- pounded in recent years by a hostile and pulled into the Washington political mael- tive signals. We welcome the commit- suspicious attitude toward the Foreign strom, and that their colleagues—and ment to support and defend our country’s Service from our country’s senior lead- their union—will be there to support them career public servants and to ensure they ers, and a lack of respect for experience, even in the toughest of times. That was have the resources and backing to get the expertise and professional knowledge. not the case during the Red Scares and job done right for the American people. Some of our most talented senior col- Lavender Scares of the 1940s and 1950s, We especially welcome the announced leagues were forced out of the Service, when some of our best diplomats found readiness to work with us and other and with them went much of our ability themselves alone and without support in federal unions as partners, with the shared to speak truth to power. The events of the face of unfair, outrageous and some- goal of improving the effectiveness and Jan. 6 deeply affected many members, times illegal attacks on their integrity. impact of the U.S. Foreign Service while both for the attack on the core institu- The recent annual federal employee raising morale and job satisfaction. tions of our country but also the lack of a surveys show a big drop in career and We also welcome the renewed focus strong response from agency leaders to personal satisfaction in all the foreign on work-life balance, quality of life for the concerns of their career employees. affairs agencies. We need to swiftly take employees and their family members, Yet this difficult period also saw sus- action to get back to the kind of broad and support for locally employed staff tained excellence and a renewed com- satisfaction our colleagues reported less who often sacrifice much to make U.S. mitment to serve than a decade ago. efforts succeed. our nation. That In conveying our priorities to the We at AFSA want to seize this hopeful the Foreign Service new administration and to Congress, and urgent moment. We need your advice helped more than AFSA has laid out a vision for achiev- and suggestions on how we can best serve 100,000 Americans ing a significant increase in our positive you in helping to build a healthier and get home in the contributions to the country’s national happier career Foreign Service. Please midst of a surg- security, prosperity and global role. write to us at [email protected]. n Ambassador Eric Rubin is the president of the American Foreign Service Association. THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | APRIL 2021 7 FOREIGN SERVICE Editor-in-Chief, Director of Publications Shawn Dorman: [email protected] www.afsa.org Senior Editor Susan Brady Maitra: [email protected] Managing Editor CONTACTS Kathryn Owens: [email protected] AFSA Headquarters: FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION Associate Editor (202) 338-4045; Fax (202) 338-6820 Director of Finance and Facilities Cameron Woodworth: [email protected] State Department AFSA Office: Femi Oshobukola: [email protected] (202) 647-8160; Fax (202) 647-0265 Publications Coordinator Manager, HR and Operations USAID AFSA Office: Dmitry Filipoff: [email protected] Cory Nishi: [email protected] (202) 712-1941; Fax (202) 216-3710 Controller Business Development Manager— FCS AFSA Office: Kalpna Srimal: [email protected] Advertising and Circulation (202) 482-9088; Fax (202) 482-9087 Member Accounts Specialist Molly Long: [email protected] Ana Lopez: [email protected] GOVERNING BOARD IT and Infrastructure Coordinator Art Director President Aleksandar “Pav” Pavlovich: Caryn Suko Smith Hon. Eric S. Rubin: [email protected] [email protected] Editorial Board Secretary Alexis Ludwig, Chair Ken Kero-Mentz: [email protected] COMMUNICATIONS Hon. Robert M. Beecroft Treasurer Director of Communications Daniel Crocker Virginia L. Bennett: [email protected] Ásgeir Sigfússon: [email protected] Joel Ehrendreich State Vice President Manager of Outreach and Internal Harry Kopp Thomas Yazdgerdi: [email protected] Communications Jess McTigue USAID Vice President Christopher Teal Allan Saunders: [email protected] Jason Singer: [email protected] Joe Tordella Online Communications Manager FCS Vice President Vivian Walker Jeff Lau: [email protected] Jay Carreiro: [email protected] Hon. Laurence Wohlers Awards and Scholarships Manager FAS Vice President Dinah Zeltser-Winant Theo Horn: [email protected] Vacant Retiree Vice President MEMBERSHIP AND OUTREACH THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS John K. Naland: [email protected] Director, Programs and Member Engagement PROFESSIONALS State Representatives Christine Miele: [email protected] The Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), Joshua C. Archibald 2101 E Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is Manager, Outreach and Maria Hart published monthly, with combined January-February Strategic Communications and July-August issues, by the American Foreign Service Kristin Michelle Roberts Nadja Ruzica: [email protected] Association (AFSA), a private, nonprofit organization.
Recommended publications
  • American Diplomacy Project: a US Diplomatic Service for the 21St
    AMERICAN DIPLOMACY PROJECT A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Ambassador Nicholas Burns Ambassador Marc Grossman Ambassador Marcie Ries REPORT NOVEMBER 2020 American Diplomacy Project: A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Design and layout by Auge+Gray+Drake Collective Works Copyright 2020, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America FULL PROJECT NAME American Diplomacy Project A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Ambassador Nicholas Burns Ambassador Marc Grossman Ambassador Marcie Ries REPORT NOVEMBER 2020 Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy School i ii American Diplomacy Project: A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................3 10 Actions to Reimagine American Diplomacy and Reinvent the Foreign Service ........................................................5 Action 1 Redefine the Mission and Mandate of the U.S. Foreign Service ...................................................10 Action 2 Revise the Foreign Service Act ................................. 16 Action 3 Change the Culture ..................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Happy Birthday!
    THE THURSDAY, APRIL 1, 2021 Quote of the Day “That’s what I love about dance. It makes you happy, fully happy.” Although quite popular since the ~ Debbie Reynolds 19th century, the day is not a public holiday in any country (no kidding). Happy Birthday! 1998 – Burger King published a full-page advertisement in USA Debbie Reynolds (1932–2016) was Today introducing the “Left-Handed a mega-talented American actress, Whopper.” All the condiments singer, and dancer. The acclaimed were rotated 180 degrees for the entertainer was first noticed at a benefit of left-handed customers. beauty pageant in 1948. Reynolds Thousands of customers requested was soon making movies and the burger. earned a nomination for a Golden Globe Award for Most Promising 2005 – A zoo in Tokyo announced Newcomer. She became a major force that it had discovered a remarkable in Hollywood musicals, including new species: a giant penguin called Singin’ In the Rain, Bundle of Joy, the Tonosama (Lord) penguin. With and The Unsinkable Molly Brown. much fanfare, the bird was revealed In 1969, The Debbie Reynolds Show to the public. As the cameras rolled, debuted on TV. The the other penguins lifted their beaks iconic star continued and gazed up at the purported Lord, to perform in film, but then walked away disinterested theater, and TV well when he took off his penguin mask into her 80s. Her and revealed himself to be the daughter was actress zoo director. Carrie Fisher. ©ActivityConnection.com – The Daily Chronicles (CAN) HURSDAY PRIL T , A 1, 2021 Today is April Fools’ Day, also known as April fish day in some parts of Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrating Subchapters K and S and Beyond Walter D
    University of Baltimore Law ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law All Faculty Scholarship Faculty Scholarship Fall 2014 Integrating Subchapters K and S and Beyond Walter D. Schwidetzky University of Baltimore School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/all_fac Part of the Business Organizations Law Commons, Taxation-Federal Commons, and the Tax Law Commons Recommended Citation Integrating Subchapters K and S and Beyond, 18 Chap. L. Rev. 93 (2014) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Integrating Subchapters K and S and Beyond Walter D. Schwidetzky* INTRODUCTION This Article builds upon a similar, lengthier effort that I published in the Tax Lawyer in 2009.1 While there is overlap, this Article contains much new materiaL Important case law and tax proposals from the House Ways and Means Committee have come out in the interim. Due to space limitations, unlike my Tax Lawyer effort, this Article attempts to avoid prolixity. It assumes the reader has good knowledge of both Subchapters Sand K and the tax entity selection process. If you are not that reader, a review of my Tax Lawyer article or Professor Mann's article in this symposium edition2 will fill in the gaps. Generally speaking, I recommend repealing Subchapter S, but integrating its more legitimate benefits into Subchapter K.
    [Show full text]
  • Department, CLEAR HAVANA MAR.GUER.ITAS
    OMAHA. DRUGGIST. 1 RICHARDSON DRUG CO. Department, CLEAR HAVANA MAR.GUER.ITAS. No. in Box. Per M. For an appreciative trade. Conchas .................................................. ^ .... 50V. $57.00 Perfecto. ................. .......................... 50 . 70.00 OPTIM O. Conchas Extra, boxes of 50, per M., $60.00 METROPOLIS. Demi Tasse, 25, 65.00 No. in Boxo. Per M. Non Plus Ultra, 50, 70.00 Invincibles.......................................................... 50 . $60.00 Paneteles, 50, 70.00 Prince of Wales, 50, 85.00 ^Aromaticos, 50, 90.00 SUMATRA AND HAVANA. Media Perfecto, 25, 90.00 No. in Box. Per Nl. Favoritas, 50, 90.00 Wellerette, Demi Tasse (something1 new)... 50 $35.00 Club House, 50, 1 00 .0 0 Wellerette, tins.................................... , .......... 25 35.00 Perfecto Finis, 25, 105.00 Wellerette, foil...........................v . ................ 50 35.00 Wellerette, Couchas (loose)... •............. 50 35.00 Wellerette, small (loose)............................ 50 35.00 NEW LINE HAVANA CIGARS, Citizens............................................................... 50 35.00 Dominguez................................................... 100 35.00 Department......... ................................. 50 35.00 Iron Cross............................................................. 50 35.00 Imported Stock............................................. 50 35.00 Inglaterra...................’. .......... ................ 50 35.00 Puravana.................................................... 50 35.00 Single Binder..................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Television and Politics in the Soviet Union by Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION and AMERICA's CHILDREN a Crisis of Neglect by Edward L
    SPLIT SIGNALS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY edited by George Gerbner and Marsha Seifert IMAGE ETHICS The Moral Rights of Subjects in Photographs, Film, and Television Edited by Larry Gross, John Stuart Katz, and Jay Ruby CENSORSHIP The Knot That Binds Power and Knowledge By Sue Curry Jansen SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union By Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION AND AMERICA'S CHILDREN A Crisis of Neglect By Edward L. Palmer SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union ELLEN MICKIEWICZ New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1988 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Toronto Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Karachi Petaling Jaya Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo Nairobi Dar es Salaam Cape Town Melbourne Auckland and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1988 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of Oxford University Press. Mickiewicz, Ellen Propper. Split signals : television and politics in the Soviet Union / Ellen Mickiewicz. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-19-505463-6 1. Television broadcasting of news—Soviet Union. 2. Television broadcasting—Social aspects—Soviet Union. 3. Television broadcasting—Political aspects—Soviet Union. 4. Soviet Union— Politics and government—1982- I. Title. PN5277.T4M53 1988 302.2'345'0947—dc!9 88-4200 CIP 1098 7654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface In television terminology, broadcast signals are split when they are divided and sent to two or more locations simultaneously.
    [Show full text]
  • IS Down to Less Than 1Pc of 'Caliphate': Coalition
    TWITTER CELEBS @newsofbahrain FRIDAY 8 Saudi princess’ trunk show lights up restaurant INSTAGRAM Jennifer Aniston /nobmedia 8 Isn’t Worried LINKEDIN FRIDAY newsofbahrain FEBRUARY 2019 About Turning 50 200 FILS WHATSAPP ISSUE NO. 8016 While most women 38444680 dread the thought of FACEBOOK turning 50, Jennifer /nobmedia Aniston is an excep- MAIL tion to the rule.| P14 [email protected] WEBSITE newsofbahrain.com Dwayne Johnson tells why he’s not hosting Oscars 2019 14 CELEBS WORLD 7 US boyfriend of ‘Russian agent’ charged with fraud Ensure eective implementation of VAT 80008001 For inquiries & complaints www.nbr.gov.bh @BahrainNBR White House speaks to Palestinians by Crown Prince Centre for Training & Medical Research opens Twitter TDT | Manama Washington, United States Supriya Reginald he inauguration of the he United States and Crown Prince Centre for Tthe Palestinian Au - TTraining & Medical Re- thority are not officially on search, under the patronage of talking terms, but President HRH Prince Salman bin Hamad Donald Trump’s adminis- bin Isa Al-Khalifa, the Crown tration has found a way to Prince, Deputy Supreme Com- communicate nonetheless mander, and First Deputy Pre- -- Twitter. mier, took place yesterday. Jason Greenblatt, the The centre was inaugurated Twitter-loving US leader’s by the President of the Supreme Lieutenant-General Dr Shaikh Mohammed bin Abdulla Al Khalifa during the inauguration special representative for Council of Health (SCH), Lieu- Services. “This centre took five years tre which is around 6000 square quality of healthcare,” he added. international negotiations, tenant-General Dr Shaikh Mo- Speaking to Tribune, Lt Col to build and it is the vision of meters.
    [Show full text]
  • Debates of the House of Commons
    43rd PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION House of Commons Debates Official Report (Hansard) Volume 150 No. 117 Monday, June 14, 2021 Speaker: The Honourable Anthony Rota CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) 8309 HOUSE OF COMMONS Monday, June 14, 2021 The House met at 11 a.m. [English] NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR A GUARANTEED BASIC INCOME ACT Prayer Ms. Julie Dzerowicz (Davenport, Lib.) moved that Bill C-273, An Act to establish a national strategy for a guaranteed basic in‐ come, be read the second time and referred to a committee. PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS She said: Mr. Speaker, I am absolutely honoured to rise in the ● (1105) House today to speak to my private member's bill, Bill C-273, an [Translation] act to establish a national strategy for a guaranteed basic income. I give my thanks to the member for Malpeque, who seconded the bill The Speaker: The Chair would like to take a moment to provide and is a champion for a guaranteed basic income pilot in his home some information to the House regarding the management of Pri‐ province of P.E.I., and to the member for Beaches—East York, a vate Members' Business. true progressive who traded his spot so I could stand in the House today to begin second reading of Bill C-273. I feel blessed to call As members know, certain procedural realities constrain the him a colleague and friend. Speaker and members insofar as legislation is concerned. [English] Basic income is not a new idea. It is one that has been circulating in Canada for decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Undergraduate Catalog 2006–2007 Mills College Undergraduate Catalog 2006Ð2007
    MAKING THE WORLD MORE . Undergraduate Catalog 2006–2007 Mills College Undergraduate Catalog 2006–2007 This catalog provides information on undergraduate admission and financial aid, student life, and academic opportunities for undergraduates at Mills College. Information for graduate students is provided in a separate Graduate Catalog. This catalog is published by: Mills College 5000 MacArthur Blvd. Oakland, CA 94613 www.mills.edu Printed on recycled paper. Printed in the U.S.A. Table of Contents Mills. 3 Graduation . 31 Transcripts and Enrollment Verifications . 32 Academic Calendar . 4 Advising and Registration . 33 About Mills College . 6 Academic Advising . 34 Overview . 6 Accessing Student Records on the Web. 34 Academic Environment . 6 Check-In. 34 Academic Programs . 6 Registration . 34 The Liberal Arts Curriculum . 7 Campus Life. 8 Courses of Instruction . 38 Campus Resources . 8 Introduction to Departmental Listings. 39 History . 9 American Studies . 40 Anthropology . 41 Academic Requirements . 10 Arabic. 44 The Mills College Philosophy of General Education . 11 Art History . 45 General Education Requirements Art (Studio) . 50 for the Bachelor’s Degree . 11 Asian Studies . 54 Bachelor of Arts (BA) Biochemistry and Molecular Biology . 55 Degree Requirements. 13 Biology. 57 Bachelor of Science (BS) Biopsychology . 62 Degree Requirements. 14 Book Arts . 64 Pre-Nursing Certificate (PNC) Business Economics. 67 Requirements . 15 Chemistry . 68 Major Field of Study . 16 Child Development . 72 Minor Field of Study . 16 College Seminar. 75 Departments and Programs . 16 Comparative Literature . 79 Special Courses . 17 Computer Science . 80 Application for Graduation . 18 Dance . 85 Academic Opportunities Off Campus . 18 Economics . 91 Academic Regulations . 21 Education . 96 Academic Credit.
    [Show full text]
  • DEPARTMENT of STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202–647–4000
    DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202±647±4000 SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN M. CHRISTOPHER Chief of Staff THOMAS E. DONILON Executive Assistant to the Secretary ROBERT BRADTKE Special Assistant to the Secretary and KENNETH C. BRILL Executive Secretary of the Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Equal DEIDRE A. DAVIS Employment Opportunity and Civil Rights Chief of Protocol MOLLY M. RAISER Chairman, Foreign Service Grievance Board JAMES OLDHAM Civil Service Ombudsman CATHERINE W. BROWN Deputy Secretary of State STROBE TALBOTT Under Secretary for Political Affairs PETER TARNOFF Under Secretary for Economic and JOAN E. SPERO Agricultural Affairs Under Secretary for Global Affairs TIMOTHY E. WIRTH Under Secretary for Arms Control and LYNN E. DAVIS International Security Affairs Under Secretary for Management RICHARD M. MOOSE Assistant Secretary for Administration PATRICK F. KENNEDY Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs MARY A. RYAN Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security ANTHONY C.E. QUAINTON Chief Financial Officer RICHARD L. GREENE Director General of the Foreign Service and GENTA HAWKINS HOLMES Director of Personnel Medical Director, Department of State and ELMER F. RIGAMER, M.D. the Foreign Service Executive Secretary, Board of the Foreign LEWIS A. LUKENS Service Director of the Foreign Service Institute (VACANCY) Director, Office of Foreign Missions ERIC JAMES BOSWELL Assistant Secretary for Population, Refugee, PHYLLIS E. OAKLEY and Migration Affairs Inspector General JACQUELINE L. WILLIAMS-BRIDGER Director, Policy Planning Staff JAMES B. STEINBERG Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs WENDY RUTH SHERMAN Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human JOHN SHATTUCK Rights and Labor Legal Adviser CONRAD K. HARPER Assistant Secretary for African Affairs GEORGE MOOSE Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific WINSTON LORD Affairs Assistant Secretary for European and RICHARD HOLBROOKE Canadian Affairs Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs ALEXANDER F.
    [Show full text]
  • Choosing Sides and Guiding Policy United States’ and Pakistan’S Wars in Afghanistan
    UNIVERSITY OF FLORDA Choosing Sides and Guiding Policy United States’ and Pakistan’s Wars in Afghanistan Azhar Merchant 4/24/2019 Table of Contents I. Introduction… 2 II. Political Settlement of the Mujahedeen War… 7 III. The Emergence of the Taliban and the Lack of U.S. Policy… 27 IV. The George W. Bush Administration… 50 V. Conclusion… 68 1 I. Introduction Forty years of war in Afghanistan has encouraged the most extensive periods of diplomatic and military cooperation between the United States and Pakistan. The communist overthrow of a relatively peaceful Afghan government and the subsequent Soviet invasion in 1979 prompted the United States and Pakistan to cooperate in funding and training Afghan mujahedeen in their struggle against the USSR. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Afghanistan entered a period of civil war throughout the 1990s that nurtured Islamic extremism, foreign intervention, and the rise of the Taliban and Al-Qaeda, ultimately culminating in the devastating attacks against Americans on September 11th. Seventeen years later, the United States continues its war in Afghanistan while its relationship with Pakistan has deteriorated to an all-time low. The mutual fear of Soviet expansionism was the unifying cause for Americans and Pakistanis to work together in the 1980s, yet as the wars in Afghanistan evolved, so did the countries’ respective aims and objectives.1 After the Soviets were successfully pushed out of the region by the mujahedeen, the United States felt it no longer had any reason to stay. The initial policy aim of destabilizing the USSR through prolonged covert conflict in Afghanistan was achieved.
    [Show full text]
  • By Any Other Name: How, When, and Why the US Government Has Made
    By Any Other Name How, When, and Why the US Government Has Made Genocide Determinations By Todd F. Buchwald Adam Keith CONTENTS List of Acronyms ................................................................................. ix Introduction ........................................................................................... 1 Section 1 - Overview of US Practice and Process in Determining Whether Genocide Has Occurred ....................................................... 3 When Have Such Decisions Been Made? .................................. 3 The Nature of the Process ........................................................... 3 Cold War and Historical Cases .................................................... 5 Bosnia, Rwanda, and the 1990s ................................................... 7 Darfur and Thereafter .................................................................... 8 Section 2 - What Does the Word “Genocide” Actually Mean? ....... 10 Public Perceptions of the Word “Genocide” ........................... 10 A Legal Definition of the Word “Genocide” ............................. 10 Complications Presented by the Definition ...............................11 How Clear Must the Evidence Be in Order to Conclude that Genocide has Occurred? ................................................... 14 Section 3 - The Power and Importance of the Word “Genocide” .. 15 Genocide’s Unique Status .......................................................... 15 A Different Perspective ..............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DEPARTMENT of STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202–647–4000
    DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202±647±4000. Internet, http://www.state.gov/. SECRETARY OF STATE MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT Chief of Staff ELAINE K. SHOCAS Executive Assistant ALEJANDRO D. WOLFF Special Assistant to the Secretary and KRISTIE A. KENNEY Executive Secretary of the Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Equal DEIDRE A. DAVIS Employment Opportunity and Civil Rights Chief of Protocol MARY MEL FRENCH Chairman, Foreign Service Grievance Board THOMAS J. DILAURO Civil Service Ombudsman TED A. BOREK Deputy Secretary of State STROBE TALBOTT Under Secretary for Political Affairs THOMAS R. PICKERING Under Secretary for Economic, Business, and STUART E. EIZENSTAT Agricultural Affairs Under Secretary for Arms Control and JOHN D. HOLUM, Acting International Security Under Secretary for Management BONNIE R. COHEN Under Secretary for Global Affairs FRANK E. LOY Counselor of the Department of State WENDY SHERMAN Assistant Secretary for Administration PATRICK F. KENNEDY Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs MARY A. RYAN Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security DAVID G. CARPENTER and Director of the Office of Foreign Missions Chief Financial Officer BERT T. EDWARDS Chief Information Officer and Director of the FERNANDO BURBANO Bureau of Information Resource Management Director General of the Foreign Service and EDWARD W. GNEHM, JR. Director of Personnel Medical Director, Department of State and CEDRIC E. DUMONT the Foreign Service Executive Secretary, Board of the Foreign TED PLOSSER Service Director of the Foreign Service Institute RUTH A. DAVIS Assistant Secretary for Population, Refugee, JULIA V. TAFT and Migration Affairs Inspector General JACQUELYN L. WILLIAMS-BRIDGERS Director, Policy Planning Staff MORTON H.
    [Show full text]