DOCSLIB.ORG

Title an Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Title An Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 Type The sis URL https://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/id/eprint/8753/ Dat e 2 0 1 2 Citation Tong, Pui Yin (2012) An Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010. PhD thesis, University of the Arts London. Cr e a to rs Tong, Pui Yin Usage Guidelines Please refer to usage guidelines at http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/policies.html or alternatively contact [email protected] . License: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives Unless otherwise stated, copyright owned by the author An Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 Pui Yin Tong University of the Arts London PhD 2012 An Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 Abstract The research study aims to raise questions about and gain new insights into the development of performance art in China. The development of performance art in China is set out in a chronological account of the events and art works that illustrate the development of a permissive, open-ended medium with endless variables. The events and works included in this study are executed by Chinese artists impatient with the limitations of traditional or established forms and determined to take their performance art works directly to the public. Following the rapid socio-economic development that started in the late 1970's, soon after the end of the Cultural Revolution and the start of economic reform. The chronological account of the development of Chinese performance art explains how Chinese artists, in creating their work, draw freely on a number of disciplines and media including literature, poetry, theatre, music, dance, architecture and painting, as well as video, film, slides and narrative. The account also illustrates how Chinese performance art has gradually moved away from the traditions of Chinese performance and how performance art works often promote interpretive individualism. Research shows that Chinese artists choose performance art to break free from the dominant media and the constraints of working within the evolving social and political environment in China. Research further shows that artists use performance art as a provocation to respond to changes. Finally, performance art is gaining acceptance from the public in recent Chinese socio-economic development. Abstract 5 Acknowledgments In this acknowledgment I would like to thank my supervisors Professor Noel Witts and Pete Brooks for their guidance and support provided throughout the entire research journey. I would also like to thank the college research committees especially Janet McDonnell for her assistance to go through the application of my maternity leave as well as Eva Broer and Stephan Barrett for their patience on my administrative questions. Special thanks to my parents, my in laws, my husband and my two precious children Valiant and Valerie for their support. They are the gift from God and I think I could not complete my research without their love and support. I would like to thank all the artists, curators, critics and friends I have interviewed and encountered during my research. Thank for those who have provided materials (e.g., photos, videos and documents etc) for my research: Shu Yang, Wang Chuyu, Xing Xin, Cao Yang, Pan Su, Wen Zhu, Man Yu, Zhou Bin, Cang Xin, Wang Ni, Dai Guangyu, Gao Feng, He Chengyao, He Yunchang, Cai Qing, Chen Jin, Chen Mo, Li Wei, Liu Jin, Ma Liuming, Zhu Luming Song Dong, Zhang Huan, Wang Jin, Wang Peng, Huang Rui, Yang Qing, Yang Zhichao, Zhu Fadong, Zhu Ming, Liu Chengrui, Xiao Lu, Zhang Binbin, Hei Yue, Liu Chengying, Zhu Gang, He Liping, Xu Dian, Jia Qianlan, Chen Jianjun, Chen Guang, He Ling, Wen Peng, Kwok Menghao, Yu Ji, Song Yongping, Luo Zhidan, Wei Guanqing, Zhang Nian, Wang Deren, Yin Xiuzhen, Zeng Xun, Sun Yuan, Peng Yu, Weng Fen, Ding Yi, Wu Gaozhong, Xi Jianjun, Sheng Qi, Zheng Yuke, Zhang Hua, Liu Bolin, Ou Zhihang, Feng Boyi, Su Kewen, Ng Fongchao, Wang Ting, Hu Xing, Yin Xiaofeng, Zheng Yong, Chen Xi, Li Yan, Yang Fan, Huang Xiang, Liu Wei, Xu Yong, Gu Zhengqing, Right-hander Group (Ma Shang & Bi Xiaobo), Fok Siuhar, Arai Shin-ichi, Zhang Yu, Zhu Yu, Wei Ye, Joseph Ramsey, Ng Choman, Eric Letourneau, Jennifer Wong, Jess Cheng, Deng Xiao Hang, Zhang Yehong, Hao Chenying, Huang Yanming, Cheng Yin, Stephanie Hacon. Finally I would like to thank all the brothers and sisters from my church, for their love and prayers. Acknowledgments 7 6 An Account of Development of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 Table of Contents Catalogue Abstract 5 Acknowledgements 7 Table of Contents (Catalogue) 9 Table of Contents (Video) 11 Introduction 19 A Personal Note on the Research 19 The Research 19 Uniqueness and Exclusivity of Some of the Performance Art Materials Included in the Research 21 Performance Art and Chinese Socio-economic Development 28 The Three Major Eras of Development of Performance Art in China 31 Guide on Navigating the Performance Art Development Catalogue 33 Main Body 1979 to 1989 – The Emerging Stage of Performance Art in the Post Cultural 37 Revolution China Introduction for 1979-1989 38 1990 to 1999 – The Developmental Stage of Performance Art in Time of Rigorous Socio-economic Reform 85 Introduction for 1990-1999 86 2000 to 2010 – The Rapid Growth Stage of Performance Art as China Gains Global Influences 165 Introduction for 2000-2010 166 Conclusion 355 Bibliography 359 Index 379 Table of Contents 9 8 An Account of Development Catalogue of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 Table of Contents Video Individual Artist Folder 1 Xiao Lu <Dialogue> Folder 1.1 Xiao Lu <Sperm> Zhang Binbin <Boundary Line> Folder 1.2 Zhang Binbin Wang Peng<Three Days> Folder 1.3 Wang Peng <Passing Through> Yang Zhichao <Planting Grass> Folder 1.4 Yang Zhichao <Ba> Yin Xiaofeng <Touch Art> Folder 1.5 Yin Xiaofeng He Chengyao <Open Great Wall> Folder 1.6 He Chengyao <99 Needls> <Auction Hair> Wang Chuyu <My Dream> Folder 1.7 Wang Chuyu <Chemical Experiment> <Reading> Zhu Gang <Rose Boat> Folder 1.8 Zhu Gang <Red Hood> <Reading. Hitting> <Shooting> <Poem’s Paradise> <Learning Words> Liu Jin <Blur In The Red Scarf> Folder 1.9 Liu Jin <How much Love do we have> He Liping <@41> Folder 1.10 He Liping Liu Chengrui <Walking Barefoot> Folder 1.11 Liu Chengrui <Guazi Move Earth-3> Table of Contents 11 Video Xing Xin< Kids of Workers> Folder 1.12 Xing Xin DaDao Live Art Festival Folder 3 <My Hand Caressed My Head in Cage for Three Days and Three Nights> 2nd DaDao Live Art Festival 2004 Folder 3 2004 <Send Xing xin under Escort> Yang Qing <I love you> <Free and Easy Wandering> Xiang Xishi <Wine> <The Black Box> Yang Zhichao <Earth> <Meditation on Floating Ice> Wang Chuyu <Scent of The World> Liu Xiangjie <It dose not count as waste> Open International Performance Art Festival Folder 2 Zhang Yuecun <Untitled> Open International Performance Art Festival 2000 Folder 2 2000 Li Mengyuan <Feeding> Open International Performance Art Festival 2005 Folder 2 2005 Huang Yan <Wheeler> Voila Lee <Door> Zhou Bin <Sort of Sound - Balance> 3rd DaDao Live Art Festival 2005 Folder 3 2005 Yuenjie <Beat, Center> Wang Ting <Joy is Fleeting> Liu Xiangjie <Mortgage of One Square Meter> Fu Yu <Big Family - Fire> Dong Xun, Po Shui, Song Yi <One Game, One Dream> Xu Dian <Bind> Hu Xing <Birth from The Fish> Yang Jiayong <Beautiful Coat> Wang Ting <Not Forbidden> Tang Limi <Ritual> Wang Ting <Different Ways Lead to the Same Ending> Yang Qiuhong <Endless Climbing> Yuenjie <Slightly Heating> Hu Geping <Water Writing> Jia Qianlan <Returning> Li Yan <Deer> Chen Qiulin <Untitled> Dai Na <Perspective> Xing Xin <Do not Touch My Hair, You Can Break My Leg> Du Qiuye <1+1+1> Yuenjie <Recycle> Zhou Yuechao <Edible Human Nature> Voila <Doors> Chen Xi <Communication Barrier> Liu Chengying <Replace> Hao Lei <Taoist Priest and Leaves "Supplement Each Other> Zhou Bin <Untitled> Jia Qianlan <Complement and Eliminate Each Other> Shao Yanxin <Obitrary Notice of Performance Art> Hu Xing <Hourglass> Chen Jin <Untitled> Cang Ying <Red/Blue/56> Liang Tao <Abortion Politics> Open International Performance Art Festival 2010 Folder 2 2010 Gao ya + Gao Na <You Are My Shadow> Huang Yan <Untitled> Chen Si <Untitled> Chen Jin <Pointed at the World> Qi Ying <The East is Red> Xiao Maizi <Don't Talk with Me about Art> Xiang Xishi <Untitled> Wu Qiuyan <Untitled> Wei Wei <Dialogue Beijing> Table of Contents 13 12 An Account of Development Video of Performance Art in China from 1979-2010 4th DaDao Live Art Festival 2006 Folder 3 2006 Xue Liming <L.E.P.P> Feng Weidong+Tongue Band <Blood Drops Killing> Yang Fang <Diary> Hei Yue`Ji Shengli <Buns-123> Zhou Bin <Reaction> Xiang Xishi <Xifeng> Zhou Yongyang <Double Pression> Li Mengyuan <Goldfish> Bai Chongmin + Wu Weihe <Black Clouds> Wang Chuyu <Write from Memory> June Alliance 2007 Folder 4 2007 Qing Shengming <Counter-Clockwise of Anti-SHI Series> Liu Yinsheng<Etheric Body> (Egg-Red Art Commune) Wu Shaoying <Stroll-2> Miao Peng <Hui Living> Ye Yili <KUSO-Pink Fairy> Man Yu <Untitled> Zhu Yanguang <Funerary> Zhou Bin <RMB 1 Yuan> Cui Tao + Wen Zi <What are you thinking> Ma Shang + Bi Xiaobo <Re-examine> He Li <Birdman> Zhou Yuechao <Blood Architecture> Xue Liming <Everybody is? Increasing Value> Xing Xin <I'm Same with You> Zhang Yiwang <National Concept - Mozi's Grief> Ma Yanling+Wang Ningmi <Female Writing> Liu Di <Wreath> Huang Rui <100 Tea-pots> Du Liang <Dang Dang> Mai Zi <Chinese Faith> 5th DaDao Live Art Festival 2007 Folder 3 2007 Zhang
Recommended publications
  • Hong Kong SAR

    Hong Kong SAR

    China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com.
  • Download PDF 3.01 MB

    Download PDF 3.01 MB

    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2009 Eiko and Koma: Dance Philosophy and Aesthetic Shoko Yamahata Letton Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF VISUAL ARTS, THEATRE AND DANCE EIKO AND KOMA: DANCE PHILOSOPHY AND AESTHETIC By SHOKO YAMAHATA LETTON A Thesis submitted to the Department of Dance in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2009 The members of the Committee approve the Thesis of Shoko Yamahata Letton defended on October 18, 2007. ____________________________________ Sally R. Sommer Professor Directing Thesis ____________________________________ Tricia H. Young Committee Member ____________________________________ John O. Perpener III Committee Member Approved: ___________________________________________ Patricia Phillips, Co-Chair, Department of Dance ___________________________________________ Russell Sandifer, Co-Chair, Department of Dance ___________________________________________ Sally E. McRorie, Dean, College of Visual Arts, Theatre and Dance The Graduate School has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii Dedicated to all the people who love Eiko and Koma. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have been completed without the following people. I thank Eiko and Koma for my life-changing experiences, access to all the resources they have, interviews, wonderful conversations and delicious meals. I appreciate Dr. Sally Sommer’s enormous assistance, encouragement and advice when finishing this thesis. I sincerely respect her vast knowledge in dance and her careful and strict editing which comes from her career as dance critic, and, her wonderful personality. Dr. William Sommer’s kindness and hospitality also allowed me to work extensively with his wife.
  • Dissertation JIAN 2016 Final

    Dissertation JIAN 2016 Final

    The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2016 Reading Committee: Laada Bilaniuk, Chair Ann Anagnost, Chair Stevan Harrell Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology © Copyright 2016 Ge Jian University of Washington Abstract The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Laada Bilaniuk Professor Ann Anagnost Department of Anthropology My dissertation is an ethnographic study of the language politics and practices of college- age English language learners in Xinjiang at the historical juncture of China’s capitalist development. In Xinjiang the international lingua franca English, the national official language Mandarin Chinese, and major Turkic languages such as Uyghur and Kazakh interact and compete for linguistic prestige in different social scenarios. The power relations between the Turkic languages, including the Uyghur language, and Mandarin Chinese is one in which minority languages are surrounded by a dominant state language supported through various institutions such as school and mass media. The much greater symbolic capital that the “legitimate language” Mandarin Chinese carries enables its native speakers to have easier access than the native Turkic speakers to jobs in the labor market. Therefore, many Uyghur parents face the dilemma of choosing between maintaining their cultural and linguistic identity and making their children more socioeconomically mobile. The entry of the global language English and the recent capitalist development in China has led to English education becoming market-oriented and commodified, which has further complicated the linguistic picture in Xinjiang.
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11
  • North and Central Asia FAO-Unesco Soil Tnap of the World 1 : 5 000 000 Volume VIII North and Central Asia FAO - Unesco Soil Map of the World

    North and Central Asia FAO-Unesco Soil Tnap of the World 1 : 5 000 000 Volume VIII North and Central Asia FAO - Unesco Soil Map of the World

    FAO-Unesco S oilmap of the 'world 1:5 000 000 Volume VII North and Central Asia FAO-Unesco Soil tnap of the world 1 : 5 000 000 Volume VIII North and Central Asia FAO - Unesco Soil map of the world Volume I Legend Volume II North America Volume III Mexico and Central America Volume IV South America Volume V Europe Volume VI Africa Volume VII South Asia Volume VIIINorth and Central Asia Volume IX Southeast Asia Volume X Australasia FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION FAO-Unesco Soilmap of the world 1: 5 000 000 Volume VIII North and Central Asia Prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Unesco-Paris 1978 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not irnply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations or of the United Nations Educa- tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization con- cerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delirnitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Printed by Tipolitografia F. Failli, Rome, for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Published in 1978 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris C) FAO/Unesco 1978 ISBN 92-3-101345-9 Printed in Italy PREFACE The project for a joint FAO/Unesco Soil Map of vested with the responsibility of compiling the techni- the World was undertaken following a recommenda- cal information, correlating the studies and drafting tion of the International Society of Soil Science.
  • Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Erosion in Western China and Tibet

    Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Erosion in Western China and Tibet

    Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Erosion in Western China and Tibet Amanda C. Henck A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2010 Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Geological Sciences In presenting this dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the doctoral degree at the University of Washington, I agree that the Library shall make its copies freely available for inspection. I further agree that extensive copying of this dissertation is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent with “fair use” as prescribed in the U. S. Copyright Law. Requests for copying or reproduction of this dissertation may be referred to ProQuest Information and Learning, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106- 1346, 1-800-521-0600, to whom the author has granted “the right to reproduce and sell (a) copies of the manuscript in microform and/or (b) printed copies of the manuscript made from microform.” Signature__________________________ Date______________________________ University of Washington Abstract Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Erosion in Western China and Tibet Amanda C. Henck Chairs of the Supervisory Committee: David R. Montgomery, Professor Department of Earth and Space Sciences Bernard Hallet, Professor Department of Earth and Space Sciences Two parallel debates are ongoing about how tectonics and climate interact to set erosion rates and how humans alter these erosion rates; these issues form the basis for my dissertation. Using the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau as a natural laboratory to inform these two debates, I conduct detailed studies of millennial and decadal erosion rates in southwest China and southeast Tibet, focusing specifically on the Three Rivers Region (TRR) as well as other rivers in Tibet and Yunnan.
  • A Structural Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Legal Architecture in China, 33 Emory Int'l L

    A Structural Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Legal Architecture in China, 33 Emory Int'l L

    Emory International Law Review Volume 33 Issue 3 2019 Fighting the "Three Evils": A Structural Analysis of Counter- Terrorism Legal Architecture in China Enshen Li Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/eilr Recommended Citation Enshen Li, Fighting the "Three Evils": A Structural Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Legal Architecture in China, 33 Emory Int'l L. Rev. 311 (2019). Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/eilr/vol33/iss3/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Emory Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Emory International Law Review by an authorized editor of Emory Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LIPROOFS_5.23.19 5/23/2019 10:00 AM FIGHTING THE “THREE EVILS”: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF COUNTER-TERRORISM LEGAL ARCHITECTURE IN CHINA Enshen Li* ABSTRACT In the aftermath of September 11 attacks, China has not been immune to the global trend of destructive terrorism. However, China’s perceptions of terrorism and legal responses to it greatly diverge from those of other countries. This Article first seeks to understand the cause, source, and impact of terrorist threats in China, known as “Three Evils”—terrorism, extremism, and separatism, through a critical inquiry of the country’s ethnic and religious policies. It then proceeds to delineate China’s legal framework for combating the “Three Evils” to explore the cultural characteristics of the government’s approach against these rising threats. Tracing the evolution of the country’s counter-terrorism laws and policies, this Article argues that China has developed an operational infrastructure composed of four strands to fight terrorism: crackdown, criminalization, control, and cooperation.
  • Chińskie Kalendarze

    Chińskie Kalendarze

    PISMO PG 35 Podró¿e w przestrzeni i w czasie Chiñskie kalendarze radycyjny chiñski kalendarz jest bar- cy wyliczyli d³ugoæ roku na 365 dni Tdzo star¹ metod¹ liczenia czasu, siê- i 6 godzin, a miesi¹c ksiê¿ycowy na 29 gaj¹c¹ odleg³ych czasów i dynastii. Lata dni i 12 godzin. W kalendarzu wówczas liczono zawsze w powi¹zaniu z panuj¹cym u¿ywanym by³y dok³adnie wyliczone pory w³adc¹. Kalendarz by³ wówczas wiêtym roku i fazy ksiê¿yca. Jaki by³ wiêc ten dokumentem, sponsorowanym i zatwier- najstarszy kalendarz? Sami Chiñczycy dzanym przez cesarza. Obecny, 4700 rok nazywali go Yin-Yang Li, gdy¿ by³ on jed- jest sum¹ lat panowania wszystkich cesa- noczenie ksiê¿ycowy i s³oneczny. Kalen- rzy, oraz czasów Republiki Chiñskiej i darz ten powstawa³ zawsze na bazie bar- Chiñskiej Republiki Ludowej. Rozpocz¹³ dzo dok³adnych astronomicznych obser- wacji s³oñca, uk³adu gwiazd i faz ksiê¿y- siê w lutym. Wed³ug chiñskiej astrologii Fragment chiñskiego kalendarza [w:] L. Too bêdzie to Rok Wodnej Owcy, Kwei Wei (lub ca. Znacznie siê te¿ ró¿ni³ od znanego nam Chiñska wiedza tajemna. Duchowa magia na Czarnej Owcy, gdy¿ czarny jest kolorem kalendarza gregoriañskiego. Podobnie jak co dzieñ W-wa, KDC, 2002 wody). Znawcy tematu utrzymuj¹, ¿e po- hebrajski, chiñski kalendarz jest kombi- cz¹tki kalendarza chiñskiego nale¿y wi¹- nowanym kalendarzem s³onecznym i ksiê- wo³u, tygrysa, królika, smoka, wê¿a, ko- zaæ z tak zwanym ¯ó³tym Cesarzem, mi- ¿ycowym. S¹ te¿ i inne podobieñstwa: 12 nia, owcy, ma³py, koguta, psa i wini).
  • PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies

    PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies

    PACIFIC WORLD Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies Third Series Number 17 2015 Special Issue: Fiftieth Anniversary of the Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai A Commentary on The Upadeśa on the Sutras of Limitless Life with Gāthās on the Resolution to Be Born Composed by the Bodhisattva Vasubandhu: Expository Commentary by the Monk Tanluan Trans. by Roger Corless† Trans. revised and updated by Takahiko Kameyama Ed. by Richard K. Payne ABBREVIATIONS AND NOTES Vasubandhu’s gāthās and upadeśa appear in italics Footnotes and bracketed material by Roger Corless, unless noted RKP = Richard K. Payne TK = Takahiko Kameyama T. = Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō K. = Kashiwabara Yūgi, Shinshū Tsūge Zensho, cited by page number and (sometimes) note number in the jige sections of vol. 1 S.B.E. = Sacred Books of the East. Cited by volume, part (if applicable), and page Morohashi = Morohashi Tetsuji, Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, cited by entry number The Comma = Vasubandhu’s text v.l. = varia lectio, variant reading: a character that appears in the Apparatus (T. footnote) rather than the text 69 70 Pacific World [FIRST JUAN, T. 40:826A–834C] [INTRODUCTION, 826A28–827A1] [General Purport and Authenticity of the Work, 826a28–b28] I respectfully refer to the Explanation of the Ten Stages of the Bodhisattva Path (Daśabhūmikavibhāṣā śāstra)1 written by the Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna,2 who tells us that there are two ways in which a bodhisattva may attain to the stage from which one never regresses (avaivartika, apibazhi 阿毘跋致).3 The first is the path of difficult practice (nanxing dao 難行道) and the second is the path of easy practice (yixing dao 易 行道).
  • Atrocities in China

    Atrocities in China

    ATROCITIES IN CHINA: LIST OF VICTIMS IN THE PERSECUTION OF FALUN GONG IN CHINA Jointly Compiled By World Organization to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong PO Box 365506 Hyde Park, MA 02136 Contact: John Jaw - President Tel: 781-710-4515 Fax: 781-862-0833 Web Site: http://www.upholdjustice.org Email: [email protected] Fa Wang Hui Hui – Database system dedicated to collecting information on the persecution of Falun Gong Web Site: http://www.fawanghuihui.org Email: [email protected] April 2004 Preface We have compiled this list of victims who were persecuted for their belief to appeal to the people of the world. We particularly appeal to the international communities and request investigation of this systematic, ongoing, egregious violation of human rights committed by the Government of the People’s Republic of China against Falun Gong. Falun Gong, also called Falun Dafa, is a traditional Chinese spiritual practice that includes exercise and meditation. Its principles are based on the values of truthfulness, compassion, and tolerance. The practice began in China in 1992 and quickly spread throughout China and then beyond. By the end of 1998, by the Chinese government's own estimate, there were 70 - 100 million people in China who had taken up the practice, outnumbering Communist Party member. Despite the fact that it was good for the people and for the stability of the country, former President JIANG Zemin launched in July 1999 an unprecedented persecution of Faun Gong out of fears of losing control. Today the persecution of Falun Gong still continues in China. As of the end of March 2004, 918 Falun Gong practitioners have been confirmed to die from persecution.
  • D Exandre Ro Al Maria M De Al Ves Fo Dol Baptista a Manuel Al .) Meida

    D Exandre Ro Al Maria M De Al Ves Fo Dol Baptista a Manuel Al .) Meida

    Maria Manuel Baptista & Alexandre Rodolfo Alvesv de Almeida (Eds.) PUBLICATION INFORMATION Title Gender Performativities in Democracy Under Threat Editors Maria Manuel Baptista Alexandre Rodolfo Alves de Almeida Editing Assistance Fernanda de Castro Francisco Welligton Barbosa Júnior Marie Luce Tavares Cover Alexandre Almeida Editing, pagination and graphic design Grácio Editor 1st edition: November 2020 ISBN: 978­989­54956­2­7 © Grácio Editor Travessa da Vila União, 16, 7.o drt 3030­217 COIMBRA Telef.: 239 084 370 e­mail: [email protected] sítio: www.ruigracio.com Is responsibility of the authors to write and revise their texts All rights reserved. This publication is financed with national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I. P., within the framework of the project UIDB/04188/2020. Scientific Committee Adriana Azevedo, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Alda Maria Lentina, Dalarna University, Sweden Alexandra Oliveira, Universidade do Porto, Portugal Aline Ferreira, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal Ana Catarina Pereira, Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal Ana Isabel Sani, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Portugal Carla Cerqueira, Universidade do Minho, Portugal Chalini Barros, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Elis Miranda, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil Elsa Simões, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Portugal Fernando Curopos, Université Paris­Sorbonne, France Giane Vargas Escobar, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Brazil Helder Isayama, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
  • The Variations of Land Surface Phenology in Northeast China and Its Responses to Climate Change from 1982 to 2013

    The Variations of Land Surface Phenology in Northeast China and Its Responses to Climate Change from 1982 to 2013

    remote sensing Article The Variations of Land Surface Phenology in Northeast China and Its Responses to Climate Change from 1982 to 2013 Jianjun Zhao 1,†, Yanying Wang 1,†, Zhengxiang Zhang 1,*, Hongyan Zhang 1,*, Xiaoyi Guo 1,†, Shan Yu 1,2,†, Wala Du 3,† and Fang Huang 1,† 1 School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (Y.W.); [email protected] (X.G.); [email protected] (S.Y.); [email protected] (F.H.) 2 Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, Huhhot 010022, China 3 Ecological and Agricultural Meteorology Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010022, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (Z.Z.); [email protected] (H.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-431-8509-9550 (Z.Z.); +86-431-8509-9213 (H.Z.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Academic Editors: Petri Pellikka, Lars Eklundh, Alfredo R. Huete and Prasad S. Thenkabail Received: 4 February 2016; Accepted: 4 May 2016; Published: 12 May 2016 Abstract: Northeast China is located at high northern latitudes and is a typical region of relatively high sensitivity to global climate change. Studies of the land surface phenology in Northeast China and its response to climate change are important for understanding global climate change. In this study, the land surface phenology parameters were calculated using the third generation dataset from the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS 3g) that was collected from 1982 to 2013 were estimated to analyze the variations of the land surface phenology in Northeast China at different scales and to discuss the internal relationships between phenology and climate change.