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Electricity Storage in the German Energy Transition
Electricity Storage in the German Energy Transition Analysis of the storage required in the power market, ancillary services market and the distribution grid STUDY Electricity Storage in the German Energy Transition IMPRINT SUMMARY OF STUDY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Electricity Storage in the German Energy Transition We would like to thank the members of the consultative Analysis of the storage required in the power market, group for their input to the discussions The results and ancillary services market and distribution grid conclusions do not necessarily represent the opinion of the members of the group. Responsibility lies ex- Study BY clusively with Agora Energiewende and the research Agora Energiewende institutions involved. The following institutions were Rosenstrasse 2 | 10178 Berlin | Germany represented in the advisory group: 50Hertz Transmission GmbH | Bavarian Ministry of Project leaders: Economic Affairs and Media, Energy and Technology | Daniel Fürstenwerth Bundesverband der Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft [email protected] e.V. (Federal Association of the German Energy and Lars Waldmann Water Industries) | Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz [email protected] Deutschland e.V.( German Federation for Environment Editor: and Nature Conservation) | Federal Ministry for Eco- Mara Marthe Kleiner nomic Affairs and Energy | Bundesverband Energie- speicher e.V. (Germany Energy Storage Association) | ANALYSIS BY Dena (German Energy Agency) | Deutsche Umwelthilfe Coordination of analysis, assumptions and -
Present Status of Installed Solar Energy for Generation of Electricity in Bangladesh Nusrat Jahan, Md
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 10, October-2013 604 ISSN 2229-5518 Present Status of Installed Solar Energy for Generation of Electricity in Bangladesh Nusrat Jahan, Md. Abir Hasan, Mohammad Tanvir Hossain, Nwomey Subayer Abstract— Electricity is a basic need of our daily life. Our daily life depends on the amount of electricity usage. But in our country only 40 percent peo- ple has the access of the electricity. Moreover fossil fuel is non-renewable, so it is diminishing day-by-day. As a result we need different solution of elec- tricity generation. In our country, so renewable energy is becoming more popular day by day along with the world. Solar Energy is one of that kind re- newable energy. Its application is increasing day by day. Bangladesh has good availability of solar energy to generate electricity. In this study production of electricity using solar energy in Bangladesh along with the world has been shown in details. Index Terms— Electricity, Solar Energy, Bangladesh, PV installation, Renewable Energy, fossil fuels. —————————— —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION Low-income developing countries like Bangladesh are very 4.7, Spain 4.2, the USA 4.2, and China 2.9.Many solar photo- much susceptible to the setbacks arising from the ongoing en- voltaic power stations have been built, mainly in Europe. As ergy crisis. Natural gas lies at the heart of the country's energy of December 2011, the largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants usage, accounting for around 72% of the total commercial en- in the world are the Golmud Solar Park (China, 200 MW), Sar- ergy consumption and 81.72% of the total electricity generated nia Photovoltaic Power Plant (Canada, 97 MW), Montalto di [1, 2]. -
16-Riaz Ahsan Baig.Pdf
313 Paper No. 723 SOLAR ENERGY – TODAY AND TOMORROW ENGR. RIAZ AHSAN BAIG 314 Engr. Riaz Ahsan Baig Centenary Celebration (1912 – 2012) 315 SOLAR ENERGY – TODAY AND TOMORROW By Engr. Riaz Ahsan Baig 1. GENERAL Today no one can deny that our country is suffering from shortage of power, so badly needed for economic growth of the country, halting agriculture and industrial development. To meet the shortage of power demand, we need to utilize all the available indigenous resources in Pakistan particularly Wind Mills, Hydel Potential, Thar Coal and Solar Energy, which has a great potential to meet our power demand and is emerging as the most potent source of renewal energy. Solar energy if sincerely exploited can bring a revolution in the very near future, and GoP must give due priority for its development in Pakistan to meet shortage of power. 2. SOLAR POWER Solar Power is the conversion of sunlight electricity, either directly using photovoltaic (PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP), so there are two major sources of solar power which will be discussed with respect to type of technology, application, economy, cost, their present and the future status. i. Photovoltaic Cell (PV) ii. Solar Thermal Power (CSP) 3. PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL Broadly speaking photovoltaic cell technology can be classified into – Traditional Crystalline Silicon Technology (SC) – Thin Film Solar Cells (TFSC) technology There are currently three different generations of solar cell. The first Generation (those in the market today) are made with crystalline semi conductor wafers, typically silicon. These are the SC’s everybody think of when they hear “Solar Cell”. -
(Mis)Allocation of Renewable Energy Sources∗
(Mis)allocation of Renewable Energy Sources∗ Stefan Lampy Mario Samanoz September 29, 2020 Abstract Policies to incentivize the adoption of renewable energy sources (RES) usually offer little flexibility to adapt to heterogeneous benefits across locations. We evaluate the geographical misallocation of RES associated with the uniform nature of subsidies. We estimate the dispersion of marginal benefits from solar production in Germany and compute the social and private benefits from optimal reallocations of residential solar installations keeping total capacity fixed. We find that total value of solar would increase by 6.4% relative to the current allocation using conservative values for solar penetration. Reallocating all solar and taking into account transmission would yield considerably larger gains. JEL codes: H23, Q42, Q48, Q51 Keywords: Renewable energy sources, electricity markets, feed-in-tariffs, ancillary ser- vices, misallocation. ∗We thank Stefan Ambec, Bob Cairns, Estelle Cantillon, Natalia Fabra, Karlo Hainsch, P¨arHolmberg, Gordon Leslie, Mar Reguant, Francois Salanie, Steve Salant, Thomas Tangeras, and seminar participants at the UC3 Energy Workshop, Mannheim Energy Conference, University of Quebec at Montreal, Toulouse School of Economics, IAEE, CEA 2019 and the EAERE 2019 for their comments. S. Lamp acknowledges funding from the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the Investments for the Future program (Investissements d´ıAvenir, grant ANR-17-EURE-0010). M. Samano acknowledges financial support from the SSHRC and the FQRSC. yToulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, France, Email: [email protected] zHEC Montreal. Email: [email protected] 1 Introduction Climate change mitigation policies largely rely on the adoption of renewable energy sources (RES). -
Principles of Solar Cells, Leds, and Diodes : the Role of the PN Junction / Adrian Kitai
RED BOX RULES ARE FOR PROOF STAGE ONLY. DELETE BEFORE FINAL PRINTING. Principles KITAI Principles of Solar Cells, Solar Diodes and LEDs of Principles of Solar Cells, junction the PN of e role LEDs and Diodes e role of the PN junction ADRIAN KITAI, Departments of Engineering Physics and Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada A textbook introducing the physical concepts required for a comprehensive understanding of p-n junction devices, light emitting diodes and solar cells. Semiconductor devices have made a major impact on the way we work and live. Today semiconductor p-n junction diode devices are experiencing substantial growth: solar cells are used on an unprecedented scale in the renewable energy industry; and light emitting diodes (LEDs) are revolutionizing energy e cient lighting. ese two emerging industries based on p-n junctions make a signi cant contribution to the reduction in fossil fuel consumption. Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes covers the two most important applications of semiconductor diodes - solar cells and LEDs - together with quantitative coverage of the physics of the p-n junction. e reader will gain a thorough understanding of p-n junctions as the text begins with semiconductor and junction device fundamentals and extends to the practical implementation of semiconductors in both Principles photovoltaic and LED devices. e treatment of a range of important semiconductor materials and device structures is also presented in a readable manner. Topics are divided into the following six chapters; of Solar Cells, • Semiconductor Physics • Th e PN Junction Diode • Photon Emission and Absorption • Th e Solar Cell LEDs and Diodes • Light Emitting Diodes • Organic Semiconductors, OLEDs and Solar Cells Containing student problems at the end of each chapter and worked example problems throughout, this e role of the PN junction textbook is intended for senior level undergraduate students doing courses in electrical engineering, physics and materials science. -
Annual and Sustainability Report 2020
Annual and Sustainability Report 2020 Climate progress. It's happening. Contents Overview Financial information This is Vattenfall ...........................................................................4 Financial performance ............................................................. 91 CEO’s message ............................................................................6 Consolidated accounts ...........................................................98 Important events ...................................................................... 12 Notes to the consolidated accounts ................................. 104 Parent Company accounts .................................................. 136 Strategic direction Notes to the Parent Company accounts .......................... 139 Auditor’s Report ..................................................................... 151 Business model ......................................................................... 14 Our beliefs about the future ....................................................18 Strategy ......................................................................................20 Sustainability notes Targets and target achievement ........................................... 24 Total value creation ............................................................... 156 Materiality analysis ................................................................ 156 Investments Stakeholders .......................................................................... 157 Environmental -
Between Climate Change, Renewable Deployment, Carbon and Fuel Prices
water Article Hydropower Future: Between Climate Change, Renewable Deployment, Carbon and Fuel Prices Alessandro Ranzani 1, Mattia Bonato 1, Epari Ritesh Patro 1,* ID , Ludovic Gaudard 2 and Carlo De Michele 1,* ID 1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.B.) 2 Department of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (E.R.P.); [email protected] (C.D.M.) Received: 17 July 2018; Accepted: 31 August 2018; Published: 5 September 2018 Abstract: Hydropower represents an interesting technology: affordable, renewable, and flexible. However, it must cope with climate changes and new energy policies that jeopardize its future. A smooth transition to sustainability requires decision makers to assess the future perspectives of hydropower: about its future revenue and related uncertainty. This investigation requires a multidisciplinary approach as both streamflow and energy mix will evolve. We simulated future streamflow based on eight climate scenarios using a semi-distributed hydrological model for our case study, the Tremorgio hydropower plant located in southern Switzerland. Next, using a hydropower management model we generated income according to these streamflows and twenty-eight electricity price scenarios. Our results indicate that climate change will modify the seasonality of inflows and volumes exploitable for hydropower generation. However, adaptive strategies in the management of reservoirs could minimize revenue losses/maximize revenue gains. In addition, most market scenarios project an increase in revenues, except in the case of high wind and solar energy penetration. -
For PV (C-Si Solar Cells)
Electricity from the Sun: A Bright Future Shines on PV Dr. sc. Uroš Desnica, dipl. ing. “ R. Bošković” Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb, Croatia and “CERES” – Center for renewable Energy Sources Also: WP4 leader in FP6 EU project RISE (Renewables for Isolated Systems. and : HSK – Croatian Solar House - A national Project Background Development of solar PV cells&modules Crystalline Si solar cells – (A very short history of PV) Development of science&technology in 21st century Thin Film Solar Cells (CdTe, CiS, CIGS, a-Si:H ...) Solar Materials Aspects, Technological Aspects Social Aspects, Market & Price Aspects.... y. 2009 development in PV y. 2010 development in PV: Present state of the art Emerging new solar cells technologies Outlook for the Future (in EU and the world) Conclusion 1) Background: Photovoltaics (PV, as well as other RES) address several broad groups of problems: a) Energy Aspect ( Oil as an energy source is nearing to its end) b) Ecological and Social Aspects - Oil and Coal-based energy sources are very bad pollutants, up to the point to cause climatic changes and peril our civilization c) Political Aspect – insecurity of energy supply a) Energy problem – Energy from where? ( Oil as an energy source is nearing to its end) Billions of barrels New oil fields Total oil world GiantGiant oil drills fields production Year “HUBERT‟S PEAK” – the predicted maximum of oil production after what the decline of the oil production is unavoidable Importance of energy, and electricity in particular Source: Cornell University Unfortunately, -
Report on the German Power System
Report on the German power system Version 1.2 COUNTRY PROFILE Report on the German power system IMPRINT COUNTRY PROFILE Report on the German power system WRITTEN BY Edith Bayer The Regulatory Assistance Project Rue de la Science 23 1040 Brussels Belgium ON BEHALF OF Agora Energiewende Rosenstrasse 2 | 10178 Berlin | Germany Project lead: Markus Steigenberger [email protected] Editor: Mara Marthe Kleiner Typesetting: Maren Rabe, www.marenrabe.com Cover: Own illustration 057/03-CP-2014/EN Version 1.2 Please quote as: Published February 2015 RAP (2015): Report on the German power system. Version Updated October 2015 1.2 Study commissioned by Agora Energiewende. Preface Dear reader, A glance at a map reveals a simple truth: Geographically were supposed to serve internal purposes only. But, as we speaking, Germany lies in the heart of Europe. Knowing believe this information could be valuable for others as well, that annual electricity demand in Germany is the high- we decided to publish it and make it accessible to everyone. est in Europe, its generation fleet the largest, and its power system interconnected with ten countries with a total This country report on Germany is the third in our series. transfer capacity of more than 20 GW, one may wonder It reflects the status quo of summer 2015. how anyone could claim that the Energiewende is purely a national endeavour. The opposite is true: German and Eu- It is certainly not exhaustive. And we are well aware that ropean energy systems are heavily intertwined. Whatever things are changing very rapidly – especially in Germany happens in Germany has effects on its neighbours and vice in these days. -
Solar Energy Markets Solar Energy Markets an Analysis of the Global Solar Industry
Solar Energy Markets Solar Energy Markets An Analysis of the Global Solar Industry Philip G. Jordan The Economic Advancement Research Institute Wrentham, MA, USA and BW Research Partnership, Inc. Wrentham, MA, USA AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Elsevier 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangement with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. -
The Role of Deployment Policies in Fostering Innovation for Clean Energy Technologies Insights from the Solar Photovoltaic Industry
Research Collection Doctoral Thesis The role of deployment policies in fostering innovation for clean energy technologies insights from the solar photovoltaic industry Author(s): Hoppmann, Jörn Hendrik Publication Date: 2013 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-009787261 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library DISS. ETH NO. 21118 The Role of Deployment Policies in Fostering Innovation for Clean Energy Technologies – Insights from the Solar Photovoltaic Industry A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH for the degree of Doctor of Sciences Presented by JÖRN HENDRIK HOPPMANN Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing., TU Braunschweig born 09.09.1982 citizen of Germany Accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Volker H. Hoffmann, examiner Prof. Dr. Stefano Brusoni, co-examiner Prof. Dr. Jim Watson, co-examiner 2013 II “Problems cannot be solved at the same level of awareness that created them.” Albert Einstein III Acknowledgements I personally consider this section to be the most important part of my dissertation – not only because it probably is the only part that many will ever read but also because it gives me the opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those people without whom this dissertation would not exist, or would at least look completely different. I am deeply thankful for the support I have received throughout the last three years in so many ways and am certainly a different person than when I started the endeavor of my PhD. First and foremost, I would like to thank my first advisor Prof. -
A Reporter's Guide to the Energy Transition
# first climate law #phasing out nuclear # renewables share overtakes coal A Reporter’s Guide to the Energy Transition limate#c change coal exit # green startups # # grid expansion Journalism for the energy transition Clean Energy Wire | CLEW 2020 Sven Egenter Kerstine Appunn Sören Amelang Julian Wettengel Benjamin Wehrmann Freja Eriksen Carel Carlowitz Mohn Editor in Chief Correspondent Correspondent Correspondent Correspondent Correspondent Dir. Media Programmes The repercussions of the Energiewende funders’ commitment to work towards a A Note from CLEW (energy transition) are felt across climate-neutral economy in order to limit society and the business sector, offer- the impact of man-made climate change. The global energy transition to stem ing journalists a wealth of exciting and harmful man-made climate change is important stories. But researching this CLEW’s “A Reporter’s Guide to the En- gain ing momentum. As part of this, Ger- massive event from outside the coun- ergy Transition”, now in its eighth edi- many aims to be greenhouse gas neutral try is no easy task, even for the most tion, offers journalists a useful starting by 2050. The country’s decades-long effort seasoned reporter. The huge complexity point by outlining the main story lines of to fundamentally shift its energy supply of the technology and economics behind the energy transition, providing contact and to run the world’s fourth-largest energy policy make things harder. Yet details for experts, as well as links to key economy without fuelling global warming strong fact-based and critical journalism literature and articles. provides valuable lessons on weaning a is essential to inform the international major economy off fossil fuels.