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The Role of Public Sector‟S Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam(GMVN)In the Garhwal Region.‟

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The Role of Public Sector‟S Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam(GMVN)In the Garhwal Region.‟ „The Role of Public Sector‟s Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam(GMVN)in the Garhwal region.‟ By DR RAVI BAHUGUNA Profile of the Author Dr Ravi Bahuguna has done B.Sc from PCM group. He has also done PG Diploma in Tourism and Travel Industry Mananagement from IITTM, Gwalior affiliated to Government of India. He has also done Masters in Tourism Management from IGNOU. He Has taught Tourism subjects in different colleges for more than five years. He has also done Masters in Economics from HNB Garhwal Central University. Besides, he has also done B.Ed from Kurukshetra University. He further did his P.HD in Economics from HNB Garhwal Central University. He qualified NET in Economics from University Grants Commission. Presently, he has been teaching Micro Economics, Macro Economics, Mathematical Methods in Economics, Entrepreneurship and Project Management etc. in Uttaranchal University. He has over 15 years experience in teaching in different schools, colleges and universities. ISBN: 978-1-365-16141-4 First Edition: New Delhi , 2016 Copyright 2016, Author: DR RAVI BAHUGUNA All rights reserved Published And Printed by them at ISARA , B-15, Vikas Puri , New Delhi 110018 PREFACE It gives me an immense pleasure to present before you the book entitled „The Role of Public Sector‟s Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam(GMVN)in the Garhwal region.‟ The book in its present form fulfills the needs of the Tourism Department of the all states in India. It will also help the research students in tourism.I have tried my level best to create the text in an interesting and lucid way. I sincerely convey my heartiest gratitude to Mr. Jitendra Joshi, Hon‟ble Chancellor of Uttaranchal University, for providing me with a proper infrastructure and ample facilities for writing this book. I also feel highly thankful to Prof(Dr.) Rajesh Bahuguna, Principal and Dean, Law College Dehradun, for providing me guidance and moral support for writing it. My thanks are also due to Prof (Dr.) Pradeep Suri, Director, Uttaranchal Institute of Management, for motivating me to perform this task. I am also highly thankful to my father Shri. Inder Mohan Bahuguna, a retired manager from State Bank of India, my wife and my beloved daughter Pragya for their love and support. Without which, this book could have never been written. Dr. Ravi Bahuguna. AUTHOR DR RAVI BAHUGUNA BRIEF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction Of Tourism.................................................... 1 Chapter 2 Forms Of Tourism ............................................................. 4 Chapter 3 Contribution Of Tourism In The Economic Development Of The Place ....................................................................................... 8 Chapter 4 Motivational Factors That Enhance The Tourism ........... 14 Chapter 5 Uttarakhand And Brief History Of Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam Ltd ........................................................................................ 19 Chapter 6 Nature And Dimension Of Tourism Business ................. 32 Chapter 7 Tour Operators (Pilgrimage Places) ................................ 40 Chapter 8 Adventure Tourism(Gmvn) ............................................. 49 Chapter 9 Marketing Tools Adopted By Public Sector ................... 60 Chapter 10 Tourism Business Profile (Gmvn) ................................. 67 Chapter 11 Revenue Earned Public Sector (Gmvn) ....................... 70 Chapter 12 Infrastructure Available With Public Sector (Gmvn) .... 76 Chapter 13 A Case Study Of Gmvn ................................................. 88 Chapter 14 Suggestion To Improve Public Sector In Garhwal ........ 97 Chapter 15 Bibliography ................................................................ 116 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION OF TOURISM Meaning of Tourism It is generally accepted that travel and tourism is one of the world‟s highest growth sectors in the new century. Tourism is now one of the most rapidly increasing industries of the world. The nineteenth century dictionary defines tourist as “people who travel for pleasure of traveling, out of curiosity; and because they have nothing better to do,‟‟ and even “for the joy of boasting about it afterwards”. According to Herman Von Schullard “The sum total of operation mainly of a economic nature which is directly, mainly of economic nature and which directly relate to the entry, stay and movement of foreigner inside and outside of a sudden country, city or region is known as tourism”. According to Dr. Zivadin Jaovic “It is a social movement with a view to rest, diversions and satisfaction of cultural needs”. The International Union of Official Travel Organisation (IUOTO), now called World Tourism organization (WTO), has defined tourist as a temporary visitor staying for at least twenty four hours in a country; visited when the purpose of the journey can be classified under one of the following heading:- 1. Leisure- Recreation, holding, health, study, religion and sports. 2. Business, family, meetings. Travellers staying less than twenty four hours according to WTO are excursionists. Mcintosh and Goldner Defines tourism is the “Sum of the phenomena and relationship to host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors”. In 1979, World Tourism Day‟ created and it is to be celebrated every year on 27th September. Since the inception of WTO, it has been pivotal role in the field of Travel and Tourism. The world tourism organization its beginnings as the International congress of 1 official Tourist Traffic Associations set up in 1925 in the Haghe. In 1934 International Union of Official Tourist Propaganda (IUOTPO) was established after World War II in Geneva. On Sep 27th 1970 IUOTO‟s extra ordinary general Assembly adopted the status of World Tourism Organization in Mexico. WTO plays catalytic role in promoting economic growth and Job creation, providing incentives, protecting the environment and cultural heritage, provoking peace, prosperity and respect for Right. World tourism statistics indicate that about 70 million international tourist visited other countries in the year 1960 but in the year 2000 this number is estimated to over 710 million. It is further estimated by WTO that international tourism arrival Worldwide would reach to 1.5 billion by the year 2020. These tourists spend trillions of dollars in the host countries during their travel, resulting significant increase in the host countries economic activities. According to tourism society of Britain “Tourism is the temporary short period movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live, work and participate in activities during their stay at their destination”. Tourism is not a new phenomena in India. Since time immemorial people of India and abroad were traveling to many parts of India for various purposes like trade, education and pilgrimage. We find many travel documents and accounts of Chinese, Greek and Arabian travelers such as Faheyan, Huentsang, Alberuni etc. The accounts of great modern Indian traveler Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan is a valuable treasure of people, who want to visit the great wanderlust of Himalaya, Tibetan Plateau, Mongolia and Central Asia. In ancient India students from China, far East, Singhal Dweep (Sri Lanka) etc were coming to Nalanda, Taxila, Vikramasheela, Varanasi etc. The educational centres, during 8th century the four „Mathas‟ set up in four opposite ends of India- Badrinath, Rameshwaram, Puri and Dwarka by Adi Guru 2 Shankaracharya was a long sighted step which has united India into one, by thread of spiritual unity. Tourism is the world largest export industry which, according to the world Tourism Organism, generated about us and 372.6 billion during 1995 by some 567 million tourists worldwide. In the same year, travel and tourism provided direct and indirect employment for 212 million people, accounting for 10.7 percent of the global work force. The number of international tourist arrival in India was more than 25 million in 1950 which was increased to183 million in 1930, an average growth rate of more than 10 percent. Since 1973, the effect of the fuel price increase has merely moderated the rate of expansion. The number of international tourist arrival was 815, 842.8, and 931 Laks in the year 1994, 1995 and 1996 respectively. The economic impacts of the number of tourist movements globally is enormous. According to the latest World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) report in the year 1999, Travel and Tourism was expected to generate $3.5 trillion of GDP and almost 200 million jobs across the world the rate of growth. According to World Travel and Tourism it is estimated that in GDP in real terms is 3% per annum in the decade to 2010. According to WTTC, India‟s investment in the tourism sectors is 0.9% of its total budget is quite low as compared to Malaysia‟s 5.1%, china‟s 3.8% and Singapore‟s 9.1%. As far as govt. expenditure of tourism is concerned, India ranks 150th of the 160th nations studied by the WTTC. 3 CHAPTER 2 FORMS OF TOURISM 1. Forms of Tourism:- There are many forms of tourism in which some important forms are as under:- a. Domestic Tourism:- This types of tourism involves residents of the given country traveling only within the boundaries of that country. b. Inbound Tourism:- This type of tourism involves non-residents traveling to within the given country. c. Outbound Tourism:- Involving residents of the given country traveling to and within another country or countries. d. Internal Tourism:- It comprises domestic
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