List of Figures

Pauliinhismostusualposition:writingletters...... 8 PauliasMephistopheles...... 15 PauliasBuudha...... 16 BohrshowingPaulithe‘tippetopp’...... 108 NielsBohr’sCoatofArms...... 110 PauliatthetimeforhisﬁrstmeetingwithJung...... 144 Thedivineandthewordlytriangle...... 184 TetractysofthePythagoreans...... 185 Mandala picture by a seven year old ...... 186 Title page from Fludd’s ‘Utriosque cosmi. . . historia’ ...... 187 MandalaofVajrabhairava,theconquerorofdeath...... 188 Pauli’sworldclock...... 189 Thestagesofalchemyportrayed...... 201 Jung’sviewofreality...... 228 The relationship between psyche, body, matter and spirit ..... 229 Westernexplanationofcorrelation...... 278 Chineseexplanationofcorrelation...... 278 Riemann surface ...... 281 Thecorrespondenceprinciple...... 286 Orderthroughquantity...... 287 Synchronicity...... 291 Orderthroughquality...... 294 Causality,acausalityandsynchronicity...... 296 Pauli’sandJung’sworldviewquaternio...... 297 DNA...... 308 Theworldviewquaterrnioasautomorphism...... 311 Pauli’sdreamsquare...... 322 Pauli’sTitian...... 333 Kabbalah...... 333 List of Tables

Thealchemicstages...... 199 Pauli’s comparison of subject and object inphysicsandpsychology...... 208 Pauli’s comparison of quantum physics andJung’sdepthpsychology...... 212 Comparison of scientiﬁc discovery and the therapeutic process . . 270 Subject Index

absolute knowledge 304, 306 – as doll woman 153 acausal correspondence 294 – as ligamentum corporis et acausal order spiritus 229 – general 291 –asmother235 acausal orderedness 295 – as pagan 235 – reproducible 295 – as problem in science 181, 320 acausality 59, 60, 62, 112, 197 – birth of Pauli’s 13 –Bohron63 – deﬁnition of 142 – general 283, 293, 296 – development of Pauli’s 152 active imagination 171, 207 – Pauli’s 142, 150 – deﬁnition 149 – Pauli’s as Chinese woman 153, – Pauli’s 149 319, 321, 342 acts of creation 289 Anima Mundi 153, 183, 260, 341 affect 157, 282 anima terrae 179, 183 alchemical position anima/animus 241 – as symmetrical 323 Anschaulichkeit alchemists – translation of the term 68 – andthephysicistsofmodern anthropology 52 times 203 anti-intellectualism 26, 46, 57, – describe processes of depth 59, 67 psychology 258 anti-matter 260 – mistake of 257 anti-metaphysical 163 alchemy 57, 337, 338 anti-Semitism 12 – as individuation 203 antinomic thinking 111, 262 – basic idea 199 Aphrodite 149 – Jung’s view 198 Apollo 172 – symmetry between spirit and aqua permanens 200 matter 256 archetypal basis of the physical ambulatory automatism 242 concepts 205 amo, ergo sum 318, 347 archetype 116, 162, 166, 177, 203, analysis and synthesis 63, 199 221 anima – and automorphism 310 – and mysteries of existence 342 – and autonomous existences 352 Subject Index

313 346 – and consciousness 214 – Pauli’s view of 173, 207, 221, –anddeterminism215 343 – and ethics 214 – probability model 292 – and hermetic/gnostic tradition – transgressivity of 313 180 archetype of numbers 309 – and information 244 archetype theory – and instinct 215, 216, 305 – evidence of 267 – and mathematics 314, 347 archetypes – and microphysics 292 –andphysics345 – and natural law 293 – Kepler’s view 313 –andnumbers312 – Pauli’s relation to theory of – and platonism 290 215 – and probability 292 ascertainable 219, 220, 224 – as hereditary deposits 304 ascertainment – as instincts of apprehension – in science 221 174 Assumption of the Virgin Mary – as Kantian 214 320 – as pattern of behavior 293 astrological experiment –aspsychoid217 – Jung’s 285, 295, 298 – as reﬂector 327 astrology 59, 251, 298 – as self-portrait of the instinct asymmetry 328 215 atom – as self-reproducing form 267 –assymbol272 –asspirit217 atomic bomb 19, 21, 23, 321 – as stimulus structure 304 automorphism 212, 283, 310, 311, – as transcendental autonomous 322 existences 225 – and self-organization 310 – determinism and indetermin- Autopator 236 ism of 311 Avatara 248 – extension of concept 213 a priori synthetic judgement 174 – history of concept 37 – identiﬁcation with 204, 205 background physics 178, 205, – Jung’s contradictory view of 206, 211, 259, 346 242 baptism – Kepler’s view 180, 183, 192 – antimetaphysical 74 – numinosity of 280 Bauhaus 32 – origin of concept 180 becoming 261 – Pauli’s contribution to concept – theory of 262 Subject Index 353 being 261 Bohr Institute 14, 54, 55 – and non-being 218, 259 Bohr’s Coat of Arms 110 – Jung’s view of concept 219 Bohr-Festspiele 17, 55 – potential 219, 261 biology 97, 98, 109, 244 causality – and quantum physics see –Jungon246 physics and biology CERN 4, 145, 146 – Pauli’s interest in 300 chance 275 Bohr – Pauli’s critique of concept 300 – and antinomic thinking 87, Chance-Religion 301 262 chaos theory 310, 312 – and Høffding 61 – and synchronicity 296 – and James 103 circulation of light 185 – and Jung 112 classical idea of the objective – and Kierkegaard 62, 64 reality of the cosmos 245 – and link between quantum Clausian heat death 39 physics and classical physics cognition 134 – and feeling 181, 317, 318 – and Møller 65 – and symbol 272 – and Rubin 104 – Pauli’s view 209 – as instrumentalist 83 – process of 171 – as non-Platonic thinker 262 coincidence 282 – as opposed to Heisenberg 83 communism 152 –asopposedtoPauli83 comparative method 158 – as phenomenalist 83 compensation 195 – cane analogy 49, 105, 176 – mechanism of 232 –Copenhagenspirit54,55 compensatory perspective 238 – epistemological position 109 complementarity 83, 94–96, 101, – on epistemology 253 102, 107, 109, 110, 138, 170, 176, –onmysticism253 195, 208, 286 – on objective description 132 – and anthropology 53 – on parapsychology 98 –andbiology109 – on positivism 81 – and detached observers 131 – personality 55, 111 – and ethnology 109 – philosophy of 56, 61 – and positivism 99 – preference for the wave picture – and repression 101 68 – and synchronicity 280 – unmathematical thinking of – as general epistemological 85 principle 109 354 Subject Index

–Bohr’swayto63,68 constellation 290 – of clarity and truth 28, 67 constructive method 119, 156, – of metaphysics and antimeta- 158, 269 physics 74 constructivism 32 – philosophy of 171 contextofdiscovery 336 –theoryof87 conventionalism 50, 314 – versus classical physics 250 Copenhagen interpretation 64 complementarity of physics – definition 69 –rolemodel211 Copenhagen School 15, 17, 26, complementarity principle 253, 52, 54, 60, 78, 80, 85, 197, 250, 273, 342 266 – history of 104 – a compromise 56 complex 157 – and mysticism 250 – autonomous 223, 239 – and positivism 67, 82 – as mysticism 57 complexio oppositorum 38 – as positivism 57 conceptualization – Einstein’s view 43 – preconscious stage of 204 – Pauli and 69 – scientific 204 – philosophy of 105 – sensory impressions and 203 Corpus Hermeticum 256 confusion of the egos 128 correspondence 283, 291 Coniunctio 199, 211, 212, 255, – of meaning 284, 287 257, 261, 322 – principle of 273, 287 – for opposing pairs 237 – statistical 286 – of psyche and matter 197 correspondentia 274 – of wave and particle 197 CPT theorem 324, 328, 329 consciousness creatio continua 296 – and ethics 248 creation myth 208, 238 – and violent act 233 – gnostic 325 – collective 213 cubism 32 – inflation of 202, 203 – Jung’s view 232, 242 dadaism 33 – lowering of 204 dance 152 –multiple243 das noch Ältere ist immer das – Pauli’s critique of Jung’s use of Neue 195 concept 243 decline effect 285, 291, 306 – Pauli’s view 234, 242 devil 183, 235, 330 consciousness in the unconscious diagnostic labels 118 243 Diana 235 Subject Index 355

Dionysius 172 – Pauli’s from 15 March 1957 326 dissociationist school 157 – Pauli’s from 27 November 1954 DNA 307 324 doctors – Pauli’s from 28 September 1952 – as gurus 214 153 – as sectarians 214 – Pauli’s of November 1957 331 dreams 100, 164, 232, 270, 337 – Pauli’s of October 1946 180 – and mathematical-physical –precognitive307 symbol language 310 – research into 168 – and motif in dublicated form Durée, la 279 207 Dynamic system theory 282, 290 – and physics terminology 202 –aspieceofnature312 eidola 173, 174 –Bohr’sview129 Einstein – Chinese view 129 – and Born 263 – Jung’s view 117 – and determinism 263 –Machon45 – and Spinoza 263 – mirror motif in 325 – on Freud 101 – misuse of the terminology of –onMach80 physics in 203–205 – on Pauli 16, 21 – motifs in Pauli’s 151, 206, 283 – view of the cosmos 254 – motifs in Pauli’s, Chinese Ekliptika circle 61 woman 319 emergent property – motifs in Pauli’s, Dark Woman – theory of 290 324, 327 energetic – motifs in Pauli’s: the blond – approach 156 180 Enlightenment 34 – motifs in Pauli’s: the Persian ennoia 175 180 entartete Kunst 136 – motifs in Pauli’s: the stranger entropy 180, 234 – and psyche 216 – of Descartes 181 episteme 175 – Pauli’s 13, 18, 145, 151, 164, 171, epistemological revolution 95 179, 202 epistemology – Pauli’s attempt at a translation – and psychology 92 207 –Bohr’s65,67 – Pauli’s criticism of Jung’s inter- – Jung’s view 113 pretation 161 – logical positivists’ view 50 – Pauli’s from 12 March 1957 326 –Pauli’s3,73 356 Subject Index

– positivist 80, 99 – religious 280 Eranos conference 152 – returning to 27 Ermüdungseffekt 285 extraneous knowing 304 eros 320, 342 ETH 2, 17, 148, 152 fact ethnology 52 – full 117 ethology 244 – psychic 117, 118 EU 23 feminine Euclidean geometry 261, 317 – devaluation of 342 evil – elevated 321, 323 – as non-being 259 – exclusion of 181, 188 – matter as 260 – return of 342 – spiritual principle 320 evolution field theory 245, 266 – time scale of 301 filius philosophorum 200 evolutionary perspective 299 finality exclusion principle 171, 172, 191 –horrorof301 experience fine structure constant 329, 333 – a-ha 275, 346, 347 foreknowledge 244 – back to 94 freedom of will 235 – different connotations of 31 frequency 207 –differentviewson85 Freud’s cracking bookcase 276 –direct46 Fuchsian function 315 – divine 223 – dualism of human 67 geometry – genuine 53 – archetype of beauty 313 – immediate 99 – Fludd’s view 193 – inner 114 gestalt 212, 294 – inner, as autonomous 339 God – Jordan’s view 100 – and consciousness 231 – Jung’s view 112, 115, 122 – and psyche 223 –Mach’sview43 – as absolute 233 – mystical 252 – as highest psychic value 223 – objects of 224 – as psychic fact 224 – of meaning 284, 296, 347 – as unconscious 236 – paranormal 100 –Bohr’sview254 –Pauli’sview75 – Fludd’s view 193 –psychophysical340 – image of, and development of – redefinition of 82 consciousness 239 Subject Index 357

– Jung’s view 222 Icarus 203 –Kepler’sview192 ideal of an objective description – of the gnostics 236 133 – Pauli’s view 190, 235, 254, 299 ideal of the detached observer – physicist’s believe in 337 133 – reflects the relationship be- implicit order 245 tween conscious and uncon- impressionism 31, 47 scious 231 incarnation 248, 250, 272, 344 – who wants to become conscious – and ethics 248 234 incompleteness of grace 256 – quantum mechanics 211, 263, Grail 235 266 gravity 192 India great mother 343 – Pauli’s travel to 218 individuation 167, 212, 248 Hasidism 40 indivisibility 177 Heisenberg indivisible wholeness – particle perspective 68 – of measuring situation 70 Hermetism/gnosticism 186, infans solaris 200, 212 236, 256, 260 infinity – andthepsycheinJung’smodel – mathematical concept of 313 229 infrared 216 – Fludd’s view 193 inner and outer 170 – Jung and 113, 267 instincts – Jung’s view 198 – Jung’s view 157 – mirror image in 327 Institute for Advanced Study 18, hidden variables 245, 337 21 hieros gamos 248 intellect history – and spirit 228 – as science 166 intelligence spécifique 304 history of science 152, 336 internal tension projected onto – Pauli’s view 138, 250 the political arena 257 hole theory 260 introjection 177, 258 holism 57 introspection 96 holistic regulation of life phenom- intuition 30, 31, 57, 63, 109, 148, ena 347 174, 194 hypnosis 242, 280 – and scientific theory 210 –andvisualizability68 I Ching 27, 277, 284, 323 –Heisenberg’s15 358 Subject Index

– in Pauli’s thinking 292 –andPauli see Pauli and Jung –mathematical314 – and Plato 214, 222 – Poincaré on 315 – and Schopenhauer 36 intuitions 283 – and science 158 intuitive type 111 – as empiricist 123 irrational, the 22, 30, 49, 53, 112, – as Freud’s crownprince 21 187, 194, 254, 345 – as mystical 222 – and language 139 – as obscure 222 – and quantum of action 138 – as positivist 222 –Bohr’sview121 – epistemological position 224 – exclusion of 188 – on doctor-patient relationship – Høffding’s use of term 140 118 – impossible to exclude 341 – on psychotherapy 125 – Jung’s deﬁnition of 139 – on science 156 – Niels Bohr’s use of term 137 – personality of 111 – Pauli’s view 138 Jung Institute 167 – place in worldview 237 Jung’s irrationalism 26 – dreamlike view of physics 283 irreversibility 261 – path of study 112 – Einstein’s view 265 Jung’s psychology isms 85 – contribution to science 167 Jung’s typology 186, 194 Job Jungians 205 – book of, interpretation of 236 Jordan Kabbalah 172, 333 –comparedtoBohr98 Kabbalism 40, 57 – philosophical position of 96 keeping in the middle 171 Jung Kepler’s worldview – and Bohm 245 – lack of a time dimension 193 –andBohr see Bohr and Jung King Midas syndrome 175 – and critique of Christianity knowing 305 38 knowledge – and Einstein 274 – absolute 244 – and Freud 22 – James’ view 103 – and Jordan 94 –multiple244 – and lack of scientiﬁc training knowledge of salvation 255, 257 165 Krishna 326 – and Mach 220 – and natural science 207 laboratorium 199 Subject Index 359

Lamarckism 302 346 language Lecture to the Foreign People – ambiguity of 99, 123, 206 150 – and message 26 libido 157, 271 –artistic209 logic 203, 206 – Bohrmodifiedhis 134 logos 319 – Bohr’s view 66, 67, 109, 121, Lorentz Medal 6 140 loss of knowledge 193 – critique of 30, 33, 44, 48, 49, 53 – everyday, in physics 69 Mach – in physics 53 – and conceptual criticism 43, – indirect communication 64 45, 47 – Jung’s view 122, 123 – and idealistic solipsism 45 – Kierkegaard’s view 64 – and the use of the concept of – logically non-contradictory positivism 45 99 magical thinking 279 –lossof47 Mandala 153, 154, 161, 181, 188, – mathematics 209 232, 313 – neutral 150, 206, 207, 221, – definition of 185 224, 248, 310, 312, 345 – Jung’s view 185 – of mathematics as a model –modern189 310 – Pauli’s 188 – of nature 207, 312 Mandala symbolism 198 –physical209 mandorla 185 – process expressed in different Manhattan Project 19–21 312 mantic methods 288, 289 –psychological209 Maria the Prophetess 186 – psychophysically neutral 206 Marxism 42, 44 –symbolic206 materialism – theological 209 –Bohr’sview254 – unambiguous communication materialism and idealism 219 67, 70 mathematical formalism 83, 84 – unified scientific 206 mathematics 150, 309 – Vienna Circle on 80 –andemotions316 – Wittgenstein’s view 48 – and logic 52 lapis 200, 202, 293 – as a tautological system 88 – radioactive nucleus as 203 –Pauliand308 law of simultaneity 303 – Poincaré’s view 316 law of the conservation of energy mathematics research 360 Subject Index

– as chaotic 89 –mysticexperience32 matriarchy 321 –nature251 matrix mechanics 60, 69 – need for 16 matter – numerical 76 – as matrix 229 myth – innermost nature of 119 – of the two hostile brothers – Plato’s view 261 208 matter and spirit 222 mythology meaning 287, 291 – depicts the growth of human meaning-correspondence 295 consciousness 231 Medusa 326 – Judaeo-Christian 231 Mephistopheles 14, 15, 153 nationalism 152 Mercurius 206 Navaho Indians 185 Merlin 235 Nazism 136 metaphysics 98 Neo-Darwinism 300–302 – and anti-metaphysics 74 Neoplatonism 256, 259 – physics as 59 Neue Sachlichkeit 136 metaphysics of matter 119 neurosis 232, 270 metaphysics of the spirit 119 neutral Midas effect – ordering principles 228 –ofJung’spsychology162 –pointofview343 miracle 196, 197, 273 neutrino 171, 172, 329 mirror 324, 326, 327 new type of natural law 274, – as archetype 328, 330, 348 294, 306, 345 –inverted238 Nirvana 219 mirror image 208 Nobel Prize 17, 21, 22 mirroring 331 non-ascertainable 224 Möbius strip 303 non-being 259, 261 monads 288 nothing but 114, 158 morphology 296 numbers Mother Earth 152, 153, 323 – and mythological statements mundus archetypus 293 313 music 150 – as numinous 313 mysticism 57, 59, 67, 136, 252 – autonomy 317 –Bohr’sview254 – Fludd’s view 193 – definition of 251 – four, Quaternarius or Tetra- – Judaic 340 grammaton 193 –Jungand2 –mysteryof307 Subject Index 361 numinosity 283 order –andmathematics317 – archetypical 293 numinosum 174, 192, 296, 346 – Causeless 295 – definition of 239 overcritical attitude 237 object paradox 209, 262 – in Copenhagen interpretation parallel postulate of Euclid 174 71 parapsychology 86, 95, 98, 101, objectivity 285, 337 –Bohr’sview121 – Jung’s family and 276 – in Copenhagen interpretation parity principle 324, 347 71 parity violation 172 – Jung’s view 343 participation mystique 204, observation 345 207, 220, 262, 269 – and knowledge of reality 230 patriarchal thinking 343 –asactofcreation273 patriarchy 321, 323 – as activity 265 Pauli – as black mass 323 – analysis 143, 146, 147 – as incalculable intervention –analytictreatmentof2 177 – and astrology 298 – as interaction 99 –andbetadecay17 –Bohron134 – and Bohr 111, 163 – Einstein on 131 – and Einstein 22 – influence of 245 –andHeisenberg75,76 – Pauli on 134 – and Heisenberg, collaboration – problem in quantum physics 328, 331 103 – and I Ching 298 –roleof130 – and Jordan 95 observer 22 – and Jung 7 –asperson345 – and Jung Institute 151, 168 – as subject 132 – and Jung, relationship 145 –Bohron133 – and Jungians 151, 164 – detached 131, 257 – and Kierkegaard 62 – in Copenhagen interpretation – and law of conservation of 71 energy 216 – Pauli’s view 132, 133 –andMach73 occasionalists 288 –andMotherEarth40 occult doctrines 251 –andnationalism19 oratorium 199 – and neutrino 17 362 Subject Index

– and newspapers 44 – discussing Jungian issues 10 – and Nobel Prize 179 – dreams 144, 149, see also – and parallel postulate of Euclid dreams 174 – epistemological position 76 – and parapsychology 95 – exclusion principle 17, 21 – and Poincaré’s philosophy 314 – expanded worldview 227 – and positivism 74, 85 – feeling values in the description – and quantum field theory 17 of nature 254 – and role of description 133 – first marriage 2 – and Schopenhauer 36, 236 – historical approach 195 – and symmetry 89, 177, 249, – hopes for a future research 256, 260, 272, 319, 322, 327 344 – and von Franz 7, 148, 151 – influence on Jung 159 – anima 148 – Jewish roots 12, 13, 18, 40, 236 – as a Jungian 161 – letters 4–7, 9, 144, 165, 336, –asauthor29 340 – as conceptual critic 156 – letters to von Franz 148 – as Einstein’s spiritual son 21 – life crisis 2, 18, 26, 338 – as European 23 –onidealism87 – as psychotherapeutic 284 – on James 116 – attitude to Jung’s psychology – on joint publication with Jung 161, 165, 167 297 – baptismal goblet 220 –onlogic88 – called a mystic 307 – on mathematics 88 – citizenship 18, 21 – on metaphysics 87 – colleagues and Jung’s psychol- – on phenomenalism 87 ogy 163 – on positivism 86, 87 – compared to Einstein 254 –onrealism87 – conceptual criticism 77 –personalmyth235 – contribution to physics 5 – personal vs private 133 – contributiontoquantumphysics – personality 6, 9, 14, 15, 28, 72, 73 77, 142, 164 – critical stance 162 – philosophical background 27 – critique of Jung’s energy con- – philosophical outlook 26, 299 cept 346 – philosophy of science 19, 72, – critique of psychotherapeutic 78, 88, 165, 166 practice 168 – phobia of wasps 151 – depressionlateinlife 25 – Platonic-Pythagorean idealist Subject Index 363

74 – Chinese/Taoism, Bohr’s and –poet29 Pauli’s views compared 252 – turning Jung’s psychology into –Danish85 philosophy 25 – determinism 34, 112, 190, 196, – use of Jung’s psychology 178 264, 268 – view of the cosmos 254 – determinism, Schopenhauer’s – view of the irrational 137 37 – view of women 142 – determinism/indeterminism Pauli Committee 4, 5 57, 59, 60 Pauli Effect 20, 21, 276 – empiricism 31, 79, 86, 268 Pauli group 329 – existentialism 27, 32–34, 57 Pauli style 9 – Hindu 190 Pauli, Franca – idealism 34, 36, 47, 50, 53, 268 – view of Jung’s psychology 147 – Indian 29, 218 Perseus 326 – Jordan’s vitalism 98 persona 142 – materialism 34, 36, 43, 47, 53 – Pauli’s 151 – of science 58 pessimism 38 – oriental 36, 252 phenomenalism 31, 45, 88, 268 –phenomenalism see phenom- – definition 78 enalism phenomenological method 88, – phenomenology see phe- 124, 166 nomenology –Jung’s123 – physicist adherence to 27 phenomenology 57, 68, 159 – positivism see positivism – compared to positivism 32 – rationalism 79, 268 – definition 77 –realism see realism – Jung and Pauli on 159 – sensualism 86, 268 – Pauli’s position 77, 78 – structuralism 33 –universal45 – vitalism 31, 57 philosopher’s stone 202 – vitalist contra mechanistic Philosophie positive 43 109 philosophy photometric law 192 – academic 31, 50 Phycomyces 326 – analytical 49, 85, 89, 315 physical phenomena – Bergson’s 109 – definition 120 – Chinese/Taoism 24, 27, 29, physical situation 172, 185, 190, 198, 236, 277, 289, – concept of 287 299, 319, 323 physics 364 Subject Index

– and biology 326, 343 – different views on 173 – and observation 96 – Neoplatonism 320 – and parapsychology 343 – on the irrational 136 – and politics 24 – Pauli and 74, 173 – and psychology 3, 45, 96, 97, Poincaré’s 100, 101, 105, 110, 112, 126, 129, – philosophical viewpoint 314 149, 155, 171, 177, 245, 343, 344 position of man 88, 340 – and psychology, as comple- – problematization of 32, 46 mentary 206 positivism 27, 32, 59, 67, 79, 96, – and psychology, cooperation of 98, 100, 101, 114, 160, 220, 268 258 – and anti-intellectualism 58 – and psychology, parallel devel- – and Copenhagen School 57 opment 175, 312 –andrealism43 – and the military 23 – as confession 86 –asincomplete210 –Comteand43 – biology and parapsychology – Jung and 223 321 – logical 50, 51, 315 –Bohr’sview120 – Mach and 42, 46 – Chinese revolution in 325 –neo-49 – classical vs new 132, 133 – old and new 223 –criminal23 – Pauli and 208, 245 – crisis/revolution in 54, 59, 82, – phenomenology and 68 92 – radical 86, 97, 99, 159 – crisis/revolution in: Pauli’sview – revolt against 26, 46 60 potentiality 218 – deﬁnition of Bohr and Pauli Pragmatism 114 266 precognition 283 – expert-oriented 332 preconscious 204 – ﬁeld concept in 130 preestablished harmony 288 – German 136 privatio 173, 320 – Jung’s relation to 155 problem of good and evil – Jung’s view 173 – privatio boni 38, 40, 234, 259 –Mach’sview44 – Schopenhauer’s view 37, 39 – mirror motif in 325 problem thinker 111, 170 – symmetry in 324 projection 124, 177, 258 physikalisches Gefühl psyche – physical feeling 88 – and laws of nature 311 Plato/platonism 236, 260, 262 – and spirit 228 Subject Index 365

– as matrix 229 – unity 206 – as medium 119 psychophysical boundaries – as mountain with variations in – transcending of 272 illumination 230 psychophysical correspondence – as objective 124 295 – as third medium 220 psychophysical partner – holistic regulation in 306 – Markus Fierz as 164 – Jung’s view 115, 123, 157, 224 psychophysical transcendence –latent243 283 – objective 306 psychophysically neutral 160 – Pauli’s criticism of Jung’s con- psychosomatic 279 cept 116, 161–163, 221, 225, 339 psychosomatization 283 psyche and matter 229 psychotherapy psychic elements 220 – and Jung’s psychology 167 psychic energy 157 – as religious activity 240 psychic statement 225 Pythagoras/pythagorean 57, 59, psycho-physical unity 207 137, 152, 172, 185, 193, 239, 256, psychoanalysis 30, 42, 94, 101, 307, 308, 319, 330 114 quantitative methods – Bohr’s use of concept 126, – Fludd’s view 182 128–130 –Kepler’sview182 – Jung’s relation to 113 quantum physics psychoid 217, 224, 305, 309, 313, – and divination 289 346 – as incomplete 22, 294 psychokinesia 283 quaternity 331 psychologism 92, 222 – in the genes 307 psychologization – of Western society 340 radioactivity 291, 293 psychology Rainmaker 289 – and epistemology 92, 315 real – Gestalt 45, 57, 104 – and the imagined 266 – of religion 31 realism 50, 67, 176, 268 – theoretical 166 – Bohr and 120 psychophysical 45, 47 – Einstein’s 263 – parallelism 98, 288, 289, 294 – Jung and 124 – problem 325, 345 – naive 38, 223 – problem in science 320 – objective anti- 120 – reality 291 – representationalist 121 366 Subject Index realistic standpoint and a meta- – Catholicism 12, 74, 218 physical conviction 163 – Christianity 40, 236, 259 reality – definition of (Jung’s) 240 – and thought 264 – depicts the growth of human – as symbolic 249 consciousness 231 – different planes of 209 – discussed by Heisenberg, Dirac – flight from 260 and Pauli 16 – hidden 250 – Hinduism 176, 337 – innermost nature of 117 – Judaism 40 – invisible 323 –modern190 – Jung’s definition 266 – Pauli’s relation to 2, 13, 40 – Jung’s view 118, 124, 226 – Protestantism 218, 255 – problematization of concept – Protestantism and Catholicism 344 13 – psychological 118 – Protestantism, man’s religion – symbolic 268, 341 320 – two levels of 344 religiosity – void 290 – cosmic 250 reality of the psyche 78, 117–119, religious attitude 155, 222 – modern man’s need for 240 reductionism 114, 118, 156, 160 repression 94, 101 –Pauliand208 reproducibility 273 reflection resignation 252 – motif in creation myths 208 resonance points 204, 205 regressive hopes Riemann surface 66, 150, 281 – of the opposition 266 ring i 150 reification 47 Rosarium philosophorum 199 relationship between body and soul 288, 291 sacrifice 320, 339 relativity, theory of 44, 59, 76, – and consciousness 195 80, 100, 155, 210, 265, 274, 279, – and progress 194 342 – of information 196 religion –ofsoul196 – and Pauli’s discussion with Salle Pauli 30 Bohr 253 schizophrenia 242 – and science 59, 192, 250, 253, science 346 – and therapy parallel methods – and science as Pauli’s view 255 200 – Buddhism 28, 40, 45, 250 – development of 196 Subject Index 367

– in Copenhagen interpretation Soviet Union 24 71 – physicists 134 – Pauli’s view 346 space and time science in the making 336 –Kant’sview182 science of life 344 – metaphysical entities 182 scientific discovery 269 –Newton’sview182 Self 38, 150, 202, 203, 212, 241, 327 Spiegler 327 – and first principles 238 spin 191 – and synchronicity 282 spirit – chemistry-like formula 311 – and body 229 – definition of 239 – innermost nature of 119 – Jung’s view 228 – Pauli’s 143 – Pauli’s view 174 – radioactive nucleus, symbol of spirit and matter 217 204 spirit’s – realization of the 331 – losing autonomy 227 – self-organizing 232 spiritism 59 – superordinate organizing prin- spiritualism 251 ciple 282 –Bohr’sview254 –symbolsof239 spiritus 257 self-reproducing form 283 split personality 102, 108, 113, sensory impressions and concepts 242 – link between 209 splitting of a spectral line shadow 186, 188, 235, 241 – fine structure 206 Shiva’s dance 319 splitting of isotopes 152, 204 signatura rerum 191 Spruch des Konfuzius 52, 67 so-ness 139, 294 statistical methods Society for Social Responsibility – Pauli’s view 286 25 – pernicious influence of 286 sociology 33 stranger 234 Socratic 64 straw dogs 190 solar phallus man 267 stream of consciousness 106 solve et coagula 199 subconscious 127 Sophia – Bohr’s use of concept 126, – Chthonian 153, 321 128–130 soul – Freud’s use of term 128 – exclusion of 197 – Jung’s use of term 128 – Fludd’s view 183 subconscious racial memory –Kepler’sview183 306 368 Subject Index subject and object 117, 132, 171, – Høffding’s√ view 104 231, 252, 262, 271 –i= -1 309 – Bohr’s view 105 – in Copenhagen interpretation – complemtarity of 176 70 –dissolutionof33 – in human history 241 – Fludd’s view 183 – Jung’s view 194 – in physics and psychology – lapis as 310 208 –living192 – in self-observation 107 –logicand89 – in vitalism 31 – mathematics as 308 – James’ view 103 – neopositivistic view of 51 – Jordan’s view 99 – particle as 83 – Jung’s view 112 –Pauli’sview84,272 –Kepler’sview183 – petrify into empty forms 241 – Mach on 45, 47 –physical202 – Schopenhauer on 36 – radioactive nucleus as 202 – Spinoza’s/Einstein’s view 265 – reality as 84, 219 subject as qualitative factor 135 – reality of 344 subjectivism 46, 114 – reconciling 208 sublimation 206 –ringas150 subliminal 128 subliminal consciousness 115 – rotation as 152, 153, 180 subliminal ego 315, 316 – stripes as 151, 153 superposition 107, 129, 138 – tai-chi as 310 surrealism 33 – thing in itself 268 symbol/symbolic 28, 64, 165 – truth as 64 – according to Jung 192 – unite opposites 309 – and epistemology 203 – value in 33 – and knowledge 240 –waveas83 – and mathematics 271 symbolic use of scientific concepts – and process of cognition 269 205 – and science 271 symbolization 271 – as bridge between conscious symmetry and unconscious 240 – break of 329 –Bohr’sview84 – Jung and 227, 230 –circle184 – reduction of 330, see also – definition of 204 Pauli and symmetry, physics – definition of (Jung’s) 240, 268 and symmetry –fishas276 synchronicity 6, 21, 95, 140, 197, Subject Index 369

326 – in science, quaternarian 194 –andbiology302 – in science, trinitarian 194 – and borderline 280 – Jung’s 170 – and causality 287 – Pauli’s 148, 170 – and ecstatic techniques 281 – Pauli’s compared to Heisen- – and equinox 284 berg’s 15 – and evolution 303 – Pauli’s compared to others 3, – and laws of nature 295 111 – and radioactivity 284 tetractys 185, 193, 330 – and scientific discovery 289 Theevenolderisalwaysthenew – and scientific worldview 294 274 – and statistical method 285, theology 31 286 – negative 235, 255 – constellated archetype 290 therapists – definition of 274 – as gurus 214 – induced 288, 289 – as sectarians 214 – Pauli’s critique of concept 283 therapy – Pauli’s definition 284, 286 –bigbusinessof344 – Pauli’s experience of 284 therapy factory 339 – psychoid principle 281 thinking type 111 – Riemann surface 66 third – scarab, example of 275 – reality 172 – Schopenhauer and 288 – redeeming 328 – Schopenhauer as forerunner third type of natural law 302, 303 29 three and four 184 – Self and 284 time – spontaneous 289 – and evolution 307 synthetic method 118, 156, 269 system thinker 111, 170 – as concrete continuum 277, 279 Tai chi 256 – Chinese concept of 278 Tamm-Dancoff approximation – in biology 300 328, 332 – reversal 324, 328 Tao 253, 254, 289 time and space Taoteking 234 –relativityof155 teleology 98 – relativization in the psychic telepathy 283, 291, 305, 306 sphere 280 temperament tippetopp 108 – and science 58, 68, 338 transcendent function 270, 271 370 Subject Index transcendental 252 – comparedtofieldconceptof trinity 180, 184, 186, 192 physics 245 – as summum bonum 191 – development of the ideas 167 –Kepler’sview191 –discoveryof30 –Newton’sview182 – Freud’s use of term 128 trinity-quaternity – Høffding’s critique of concept – Kepler and Fludd, relationship 104 to 183 – Hartmann’s view 116 triton eidos 220 – James’ critique of concept 130 truth – James’ view 116 – absolute 269 – Jung’s contradictory view of – psychological 118 242 – religious 118 – Jung’s use of term 128 two ways to the secrets of existence – Jung’s view 233 229 –knowledge305 typology –natureas215 – Pauli’s 148 – numinosity of 191 – objective reality of 177 ultraviolet 216 – Pauli’s view 234, 339 uncertainty principle 72 – Poincaré’s view 316 uncertainty relation 70, 196, 342 – process of maturing 232 unconscious 100, 127, 166, 195, – relation to consciousness 243 221 – several layers of 242 – and consciousness 162, 170, –will232 171, 175, 176 – will to be become conscious – and cosmic consciousness 176 233 – and field 345 unified field theory 25, 328, 332, – and oriental objectless univer- 337 sal consciousness 176 – belief in 262 – and statistical method 286 unified science 344 – as automatism 315 unique, the 140, 210, 261, 283, – as counter-position 238 286, 294, 299, 342, 345 –aspotentialbeing219 – and the causal 303 – as working hypothesis 222 – loss of 289 – Bohr’s critique of concept 130 Unity of Knowledge 253 – changed by observation 241 unity of science 338 – collective 41, 101, 116, 161, 174, unity of Truth 338 215, 231 universal formula 332 Subject Index 371

Unus Mundus 38, 228, 245, 322 wave function ψ 84, 212, 219, 273 USA 24 – as reconciling symbol 274 – research policy in 23 –assymbol272 – Platonic 265 vacuum theory 329 wave mechanics 60 Vedanta 27 weather glass 194 Vienna Circle 34, 43, 50, 51, 80, wholeness 177 85, 96, 98, 206 wise man 241 – Jordan’s view of 97 wise woman 241 visual word-association test 156 – use of concept 309 world clock 153, 188 visualizability 68, 75, 84, 124, worldview 128, 172, 190, 344 – incomplete 294 – as heuristic value 70 – Platonic 261, 293 –inphysics69 – psychistic 227 – loss of 33, 68 – secular shift in 237, 240 – of archetype 173, 217, 280 – static 299 – of cosmic order 209 – uniﬁed 208, 211 – of God 190 – uniﬁed of the future 237 – of reality 228, 249, 253 – of the unconscious 127, 233 Yin and Yang 110, 172, 321, 323 –Paulion82 Yoga 234, 236 visualization 290 Vivien 235 Zentrum der Leere 190 Name Index

Abegg, Emil 340 263, 264 Agrippa von Nettesheim 191 Bothe, Walter 69 Antoinette, Marie 13 Broglie, Louis de 265 Aristotle 218, 259, 261 Bruno, Giordano 180 Atticus 180 Buber, Martin 34, 152 Augustine 180, 259, 296 Buckle, Thomas 43 Avicenna 28 Buddha 14, 16, 28, 251, 253 Burtt, E.A. 87 Baeck, Rabbi Leo 152 Butler, Samuel 306 Basil 259 Byers-Brown, William 189 Bateman, F. 95, 285 Byron, Lady 13 Baynes, Mrs Carry 298 Canetti, Elias 340 Beller, Mara 57, 58, 60 Cantor, Georg 51 Bender, Hans 285, 290, 326 Carnap, Rudolf 50, 85, 86, 96 Benedict, Ruth 53 Carus, E.G. 127 Bergson, Henri 30, 61, 109, 279 Cassirer, Ernst 34, 269 Besso, Michael 265 Cicero 180 Bhabha, Homi 218 Comte, Auguste 42, 43, 46, 86 Bleuler, Eugen 217 Confucius 28 Boas, Franz 53 Copernicus 180 Boehme, Jacob 256 Crick, Francis 307 Bohm, David 245 Curie, Eve 142 Bohr, Christian 61 Curie, Marie 142 Bohr, Niels 3, 5, 6, 14, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24–29, 41, 49, 52–54, 56, 57, Darwin, Charles 62 59–69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 81–85, 87, Debye, Peter 14 92, 94, 96, 98, 101–112, 120, 121, Delbrück, Max 164, 300, 302, 125–135, 137–140, 161, 163, 171, 326, 340 172, 175, 176, 194, 195, 250–253, Deppner, Käthe 2 259, 261, 262, 266, 273, 281, 294, Descartes, René 28, 148, 181, 194, 295, 300, 324, 325, 331, 340–342 288, 337, 341 Boltzmann, Ludwig 39, 48 Dionysius the Areopagite 180 Born, Max 6, 15, 17, 21, 56, 76, 84, Dirac, P.A.M. 16, 172, 260, 330 374 Name Index

Dobbs, B.J.T. 338 Forman, Paul 57, 59, 60, 67 Donat, James 146 Frank, Philipp 50, 81 Dorn, Gerhard 322 Franz, Marie-Louise von 4, 5, Driesch, Hans 217, 244, 305 7, 9, 25, 41, 146–151, 164, 172, 179, Durkheim, Emile´ 32, 33, 78, 123 190, 225, 282, 298, 314 Dürr, Hans Peter 252 Frege, Gottlob 48, 50, 51 Dyson, Freeman J. 331 Freud, Sigmund 21, 22, 27, 30, 41–43, 51, 94, 101, 113–115, 127, Eckhart (Meister Eckhart) 223, 128, 157, 161, 175, 274, 276 253 Froebe-Kapteyn, Olga 152 Eddington, Arthur 77 Fromm, Erich 118 Ehrenfest, Paul 6, 72 Einstein, Albert 6, 17, 18, 20–23, Galileo 180, 323, 343 42, 43, 56, 58–60, 76, 80, 101, 131, Galsworthy, John 30 155, 163, 194, 210, 218, 250, 254, Geiger, Manfred 69 259, 263–265, 274, 279, 323, 342, Geitler, Josef von 14 343 Geulincx, Arnold 288 Eliade, Mircea 152 Gillmor, Vaun 348 Elsasser, Walter 9 Gödel, Kurt 51, 52, 67, 89, 139, Enz, Charles 150, 329, 333, 337 308, 314, 341 Euclid 174 Goethe, J.W. von 14, 30, 37, 112, Exner, Franz 60 194, 244, 266 Gogh, Vincent van 231 Favrholdt, David 62, 104, 140 Goldbrunner, Josef 222 Faye, Jan 120 Goldschmidt, H.L. 27, 29, 340 Feuer, Lewis 61 Goldsmidt, Richard B. 300 Fierz, Heinrich 164 Guggenbühl, Adolf 146 Fierz, Markus 4, 7, 9, 20, 21, 37, Guggenheim, Kurt 14, 231 126, 129, 164, 175, 181, 182, 191, Gürsey, Feza 329 197, 205, 218, 221, 255, 282, 283, 285, 294, 303, 310, 325, 327, 332, Haeckel, Ernst 113 340 Haller, Hermann 16 Flammarion, Camille 231 Hamsun, Knut 30 Fliess, Wilhelm 43 Hardy, A.C. 305 Fludd, Robert 7, 148, 152, 172, Harnack, Adolf 31 179, 182–184, 187, 191, 193, 196, Hartmann, Eduard von 37, 104, 197, 218, 259, 341 116, 127 Fock, Vladimir 134 Hartmann, Nicolai 111 Folse, Henry 120 Hecke, Erich 147, 174, 179 Name Index 375

Hegel, G.W.F. 28, 62, 77, 160 Jung, Emma 6 Heidegger, Martin 34, 77, 78 Heilbron, John W. 102 Kafka, Franz 12, 53 Heisenberg, Werner 5, 6, 15–17, Kahler, Erich von 166, 340 25, 55, 56, 59, 60, 67–70, 72, 75, Kant, Immanuel 27, 28, 36, 51, 76, 80, 81, 83, 93, 99, 111, 125, 172, 112, 117, 119, 127, 149, 166, 174, 300, 328–332, 337, 340, 342 182, 194, 214, 268, 290, 345 Hemingway, Ernest 332 Kelder, Tom 16 Heraclitus 199, 218, 260, 266, 319 Kelsen, Hans 42 Hermann, Armin 9 Kepler,Johannes 7,27,148,152, Herodotus 73 178–183, 191–193, 196, 197, 203, Hertz, Heinrich 48, 52, 139 205, 211, 218, 257, 259, 282, 297, Hilbert, David 50, 51, 89 298, 313, 323, 326, 341, 343, 347 Høffding, Harald 61–65, 92, 104– Kerenyi, Karl 326 110, 120, 130, 139, 140 Kierkegaard, Søren 26, 28, 32, Hoffmann, E.T.H. 233 44, 61–65 Hofmannsthal, Hugo von 42, Klein, Oskar 2, 14, 20, 21, 56, 59, 47, 53 64, 140, 251, 276 Holberg, Ludwig 64 Knoll, Max 282 Howald, Ernst 340 Kramers, H.A. 15, 56, 75, 76 Hume, David 96 Kraus, Karl 44 Husserl, Edmund 32, 57, 68, 77, Kröner, Franz 7, 86, 87, 133, 340 160 Kronig, Ralf 76, 85, 165 Huxley, Aldous 30, 41 Kuhn, Thomas 104

Ibsen, Henrik 30, 195 L´evy-Bruhl, Lucien 204 Irenaeus 180 Lamarck, J.B.P. 302, 304 Landé, Alfred 77 Jaffé, Aniela 5, 7, 9, 39, 163, 218, Lang 331 233, 331–333 Lao Tse 27–29, 190, 250, 251, 253, James, William 31, 33, 42, 50, 61, 299 62, 78, 85, 92, 97, 102–108, 113– Laurikainen, K.V. 4, 134, 263 119, 123, 128–130, 157, 314, 315 Le Bon, Gustave 33 Jammer, Max 27 Lee, Tsung Dao 172, 324, 325, 329 Janet, Pierre 107 Lehmann, Harry 331 Jordan, Pascual 15, 56, 59, 86, Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 127, 93–95, 98–101, 156, 159, 170, 281, 221, 226, 288, 294, 305 300, 337, 340 Lenin, Vladimir 45 Joyce, James 33 Lenz, Wilhelm 17, 179 376 Name Index

Lessing, G.E. 30 Neumann, von John 89 Levi-Strauss, Claude 33 Neurath, Otto 50, 97 Lewis, C.S. 30 Newton, Isaac 181, 182, 194, 323, Lewis, Sinclair 30 337, 338, 343 Nietzsche, Friedrich 31–33, 41, Mach, Ernst 12, 26–28, 31, 42–47, 67, 112 50, 51, 61, 73–77, 80, 85, 92, 96, Noll, Richard 113, 267 97, 99, 105, 160, 163, 206, 220, 223, 314, 340, 344 Ockham, Wilhelm von 44 Mach, Ludwig 12 Oppenheimer, Robert 19, 21, 23, Malinowski, Bronislaw 53 300 Marx, Karl 43, 45 Origen 259, 296 Mauthner, Fritz 47 Ortega y Gasset, Jos´e32 Maxwell, Robert 245 Oseen, C.W. 17, 59 McConnell, R.A. 285 Otto, Rudolf 31, 239 McDougall, William 33 Mead, Magaret 53 Pais, Abraham 13, 161, 164 Meier, C.A. 5, 7, 124, 129, 146, 151, Panofsky, Erwin 7, 179, 180, 340 155, 159, 168, 169, 179, 282 Paracelsus (Bombastus von Ho- Meitner, Lise 14 henheim) 191 Mende, Paul and Jolanda (alias Parmenides 218, 259, 260, 266 Wolfgang and Franca Pauli) Pascheles, Jacob W. 12 14, 231 Pascheles, Wolfgang Joseph 12 Meyenn, Karl von 4, 337 Pauli (Ashton), Hertha Ernestina Meyerhof, Otto 103 13 Meyrink, Gustav 30, 40 Pauli (Bertram), Franca 4, 18, Miller,ArthurI. 68 143, 146, 147, 218 Minkowski, Hermann 150 Pauly, August 127 Mises, Richard von 60 Peano, Guiseppe 51 Möbius, August Ferdinand 303 Petersen, Arne 104 Møller, Poul Martin 61, 64–66, Picasso, Pablo 231 128 Pius XII 320 Morgan, Charles 30 Planck, Max 59, 60, 175 Müller-Herold, Ulrich 307 Plato 15, 27, 136, 173, 180, 194, Musil, Robert 42, 53 213, 220, 221, 229, 261 Myers, Frederic W.H. 115 Plotinus 253, 259 Poincaré, Henri 29, 50, 105, 174, Nagy, Marylin 117 310, 314–317, 346, 347 Nernst, Walther 60 Polgar, Alfred 39 Name Index 377

Portmann, Adolf 304, 305 Schrödinger, Erwin 6, 22, 55, 60, Preiswerk, Hélèn 276 68, 88, 137, 152, 266, 332, 333, 337 Primas, Hans 337 Schütz, Bertha Camilla 12, 150 Proclus 27, 192 Schütz, Friedrich 12 Progoff, Ira 274 Schwinger, Julian 330 Proust, Marcel 32 Schwyzer, H.R. 259, 340 Pythagoras 183, 193, 194 Seelig, Carl 155, 274 Segal, Robert 272 Quispel, Gilles 113 Shaw, George Bernard 27, 28, Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli 218 30, 165, 330 Ranke, Leopold von 43 Silberer, Herbert 198 Reichenbach, Hans 50, 60, 81, 96 Skogeman, Pia 126 Reinhardt, Max 13 Soal, S.G. 95, 285 Rhine, J.B. 95, 285, 295 Sommerfeld, Arnold 14–17, 56, Rickert, Heinrich 124 59, 60, 179, 251, 308, 328 Riemann, Bernhard 66, 150, 281 Sorel, George 33 Riklin, Franz 156 Spencer, Herbert 43 Rilke, Rainer Maria 53 Spengler, Oswald 57 Ripley, George 202 Spinoza, Baruch 263–265, 294 Ritschl, Albert 31 Stern, Otto 20, 21 Rosenbaum, Erna 143, 144, 146, Svensson, Bengt E Y 337 147 Rosenfeld, Léon 14, 56, 65–67, Taylor, Eugene 113 104 Tillich, Paul 31 Rössler, Otto 312 Rousseau, Jean Jaques 16 Uexküll, Jacob von 32 Rubin, Edgar 61, 104, 106 Russell, Bertrand 48, 50, 51, 315 Vandel, A. 304 Voltaire, Franc¸oise de 27 Saussure, Ferdinand de 47 Scheler, Max 34 Waddington, C.H. 300 Schiller, Friedrich von 28, 30, Watson, George Neville 307 52, 67 Weisskopf, Victor F. 5, 27, 72, Schlick, Moritz 50, 73, 74, 86, 89 300, 307, 325, 340 Scholem, Gershom 340 Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von Schopenhauer, Arthur 26–30, 39, 164, 330, 340 36–41, 47, 84, 112, 117, 174, 190, Weyl, Hermann 13, 60, 75, 89, 194, 234–236, 248, 250, 288, 290 147, 152, 164, 309 Schottky, Walter 60 Whitehead, A.N. 51 378 Name Index

Wilhelm, Richard 198, 274, 277, Yang, Chen Ning 172, 324, 325, 289, 323 329 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 48, 49, 51, 52, 67, 89, 139, 314, 341 Zabriskie, Beverly 146 Wolff, Toni 124, 159, 160 Zilsel, Edgar 50, 97 Zimmerman, Wolfart 331