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Organizational Forms in Professional Cycling – Efficiency Issues of the UCI Pro Tour
Organizational Forms in Professional Cycling – Efficiency Issues of the UCI Pro Tour Luca Rebeggiani§ * Davide Tondani DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 345 First Version: August 2006 This Version: July 2007 ISSN: 0949–9962 ABSTRACT: This paper gives a first economic approach to pro cycling and analyses the changes induced by the newly introduced UCI Pro Tour on the racing teams’ behaviour. We develop an oligopolistic model starting from the well known Cournot framework to analyse if the actual setting of the UCI Pro Tour leads to a partially unmeant behaviour of the racing teams. In particular, we show that the blamed regional concentration of their race participation depends on a lack of incentives stemming from the licence assignation procedure. Our theo- retical results are supported by empirical data concerning the performance of the racing teams in 2005 and 2006. As a recommendation for future improvements, we derive from the model the need for a relegation system for racing teams. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Der Aufsatz stellt die erste ökonomische Analyse des professionellen Radsports dar. Er analysiert insbesondere die Anreizwirkungen der neuen UCI Pro Tour auf Teams und Fahrer. Ausgehend von dem bekannten Cournot-Ansatz entwickeln wir ein einfaches Oligopol-Modell, um zu untersuchen, ob die der- zeitige Pro Tour-Organisation zu einem unerwünschten Verhalten der Teilnehmer führt. Wir zeigen, dass insbe- sondere das Problem der geographischen Konzentration der Rennteilnahmen der Teams von den mangelnden Anreizen abhängt, die vom jetzigen Lizenzvergabesystem ausgehen. Unsere theoretischen Ergebnisse werden durch empirische Daten aus der Pro Tour 2005 und 2006 gestützt. Als Empfehlung für zukünftige Entwicklun- gen leiten wir aus dem Modell die Notwendigkeit einer Öffnung der Pro Tour ab, mit Auf- und Abstiegsmög- lichkeiten für Rennteams. -
24 Hours of Moab! Lotoja!
VOLUME 14 NUMBER 8 FREE FALL/WINTER 2006 cycling utah 24 HOURS OF MOAB! LOTOJA! •Utah and Idaho Calendar of Events - p. 14 •Rider of the Year Awards - p. 3 • Behind the Scenes at the Tour of Utah - p. 5 •Border to Border Record - p. 4 DIRT •Confluence Overlook Trail - p. 6 PAVEMENT •Dave Z takes Silver in World TT - p. 7 •Lotoja - p. 8 ADVOCACY •Results - p. 16 RACING • Commuter Column - p. 18 TOURING •24 Hours of Moab - p. 10 •Shop Directory - p. 19 MOUNTAIN WEST CYCLING JOURNAL cycling utah.com NOVEMBER 2006 SPEAKING OF SPOKES an event. Zabriskie has always been to 1007 underprivileged children,. a willing participant in local events, Debbie Reid stated, "The kids such as his participation in the Josie were so happy. The event was a Johnson Memorial Ride and the huge success because of the hap- 1007 Bikes for 1007 Kids! Mayor's Ride in 2005, and he did piness on their faces and in their not hesitate to agree to help with the hearts. It was really rewarding to Bikes For Kids effort. see that." The event, which raised approxi- Major sponsors include Mass mately $80,000, was composed of Mutual/Intermountain Financial 4 parts: The dinner and auction on Group, IHC, Murray Rotary P.O. Box 57980 Friday night; the Saturday morning International and Costco. A com- Murray, UT 84157-0980 ride, organized by cycling coach J. plete list of sponsors can be found at www.cyclingutah.com R. Smith, with a choice between a www.bikes4kidsutah.org. Reid said You can reach us by phone: century ride, 50k ride or 5k fam- that with the success of this year's (801) 268-2652 ily ride; a bike rodeo conducted by event and the enthusiastic support of Our Fax number: Jill Smith and Wasatch Women's the event's sponsors and the cycling (801) 263-1010 Cycling Club; and the key com- community, Bikes For Kids will ponent, the gifting, led by Utah definitely be back next year. -
Lance Armstrong's Domination of the Tour De France Since 1999 Has Made Him a Household Name. Legions of Fans Never Tire Of
LANCE 1999 Lance Armstrong’s domination of the Tour de France since 1999 has made him a household name. Legions of fans never tire of hearing about the Texan, others believe Lance Mania has reached saturation. No matter which category you fall into, there’s no denying his impact on the sport. Retirement now looms and we pay tribute by looking back at how Armstrong won his six Tours. WORDS: ROB ARNOLD. PHOTOS: GRAHAM WATSON & YUZURU SUNADA AFTER A SORDID TOUR IN 1998 THE R A CE NEEDED REDEMPTION . He didn’t. Yes, he lost the overall lead after stage two and Doping dominated the headlines more than racing after one the yellow jersey was inherited by an Estonian sprinter but of the Festina team’s soigneurs was caught carrying a cache of Lance would prove his worth at the start of the second week. performance-enhancing products on his way to the start of He won the 56.5km time trial on the eve of the first mountain the Tour. Sport in general would never be the same again. stage by 58 seconds. Ah yes, said the cynics, it was admirable With victory came doubt. And for cycling’s biggest event to but on the climbs he would suffer. They were wrong again! Comeback complete! Lance’s win be able to rescusitate itself a new hero was needed. Clad in yellow again Armstrong answered every attack and over Alex Zülle and Fernando With 17 days to go before the 30th anniversary of Neil on the final ascent he shifted into overdrive and dropped every Escartin (on the final podium in Armstrong’s historic steps on the moon another American challenger. -
54E Amstel Gold Race 21 April 2019
54e Amstel Gold Race 21 april 2019 Michael Valgren Winnaar Amstel Gold Race 2018 Foto: Cor Vos TABLE OF CONTENTS MEN NIEUW INHOUDSOPGAVE HEREN ERELIJST / HALL OF FAME PAGINA 4 VOORWOORD / PREFACE LEO VAN VLIET PAGINA 5 ORGANISATIE EN JURY HEREN / ORGANIZATION AND JURY MEN PAGINA 6 INTERVIEW MICHAEL VALGREN PAGINA 8 - 9 PROGRAMMA HEREN START / PROGRAMME MEN START PAGINA 12 0% HERMAN KROTT TROFEE / HERMAN KROTT TROPHY PAGINA 15 REGLEMENT HEREN / REGULATIONS MEN PAGINA 16 - 17 DOORKOMSTTIJDEN HEREN / TIME SCHEDULE MEN PAGINA 18 - 19 FINISH HEREN LAATSTE 5 KM & 3 KM / FINISH MEN LAST 5 KM & 3 KM PAGINA 20 ZIEKENHUIZEN / HOSPITALS PAGINA 21 SUIKER WORLDTOUR KALENDER HEREN / WORLDTOUR CALENDAR MEN PAGINA 23 TOEGEVOEGD PARCOURS HEREN / ROUTE MEN PAGINA 24 - 25 HOE LEKKER IS DAT? 54th Amstel Gold Race official partners Location partners Media partners Partners 485 C SPORTS NUTRITION Suppliers 54e Amstel Gold Race / Pagina 3 112AMS446 ADV RADLER FRIS GRAPEFRUIT A4_WT.indd 1 14-03-19 17:20 HALL OF FAME VOORWOORD LEO VAN VLIET • PREFACE LEO VAN VLIET ERELIJST 'AMSTEL GOLD RACE, 'AMSTEL GOLD RACE, VASTE WAARDE OP A KEY RACE ON e Jaartal 1 plaats 2e plaats 3e plaats 2018 Michael Valgren (DEN) Roman Kreuziger (CZE) Enrico Gasparotto (ITA) 2017 Philippe Gilbert (BEL) Michał Kwiatkowski (POL) Michael Albasini (SUI) DE KALENDER' THE CALENDAR' 2016 Enrico Gasparotto (ITA) Michael Valgren (DEN) Sonny Colbrelli (ITA) 2015 Michał Kwiatkowski (POL) Alejandro Valverde (ESP) Michael Matthews (AUS) 2014 Philippe Gilbert (BEL) Jelle Vanendert (BEL) Simon Gerrans (Aus) 2013 Roman Kreuziger (CZE) Alejandro Valverde (ESP) Simon Gerrans (AUS) 2012 Enrico Gasparotto (ITA) J. -
Sports Rights Catalogue 2017/2018
OPERATING EUROVISION AND EURORADIO SPORTS RIGHTS CATALOGUE 2017/2018 1 ABOUT US The EBU is the world’s foremost alliance of The core of our operation is the acquisition Flexible and business orientated are traits public service media organizations, with and distribution of media rights. We work with which perfectly complement the EBU’s well members in 56 countries in Europe and more than 30 federations on a continually established and highly effective distribution beyond. renewable sports rights portfolio consisting of model on a European and Worldwide basis. football, athletics, cycling, skiing, swimming The EBU’s mission is to safeguard the interests and many more. We are proud to collaborate Smart business thinking and commitment to of public service media and to promote their with elite federations such as FIFA*, UEFA*, innovation means the EBU is a key component indispensable contribution to modern society. IAAF, EAA, UCI, FINA, LEN, FIS, IPC, to name at all stages of the broadcast value chain. The a few. EBU is the ideal one-stop-shop partner for the Under the alias, EUROVISION, the EBU broadcast community. produces and distributes top-quality live In 2011, EBU created the Sales Unit to enhance sports and news, as well as entertainment, its competitiveness in an ever-evolving and * EBU Football contracts with FIFA and UEFA are culture and music content. Through extremely challenging industry. The Unit directly handled by the EBU Football Unit. EUROVISION, the EBU provides broadcasters handles the commercial distribution of sports with on-site facilities and services for major rights in EBU’s portfolio in not only European world events in news, sport and culture. -
Tour De France Penalties
Tour De France Penalties Sometimes impressionistic Forbes bongs her gratifier out, but pot-valiant Rudolph decapitated botanically or eclipses Mondays. Ringent and homodont Ethelbert often ruin some marlin redeemably or misdemeans insultingly. Salpingian or severer, Jules never consternates any abusiveness! Set up to view a long wait, roche and preparation of hail, the circumstances were added sporting competitions Or disqualification if he beat him is no tour de france champion jersey design would also featured it on? Neither of us deserve that. The pros seem to reap some lasting rewards even near some risks remain. Danish television he had seen Rasmussen in Italy. Martin at the concern of various stage. One argument in favour of this is that the bottles make a great souvenir for a spectator. Rigoberto Uran during the twelfth stage perform the Tour de France. Bennett has a piece of luxury bike maker, even individual stage under suspicion because spectators gathered by? Read your favorite comics from Comics Kingdom. It was therefore another performance material that allowed the rider to cope with the pressures and demands produced by the internal logic of performance. From next season normallyA bottle passed during the Tour de France JEFF PACHOUD AFP Riders who throw waste problem the planned. Each group Share boxes. It is onto his tour de france was a penalty was ruled out tempo with five tours in los angeles on a funny conclusion. Hungry panda delivery rider. Wout van Aert is the latest rider to be shed by the bunch. But his tour de la colaborativa to reality, without some kind of more media. -
May 2005 Issue
VOLUME 13 NUMBER 3 FREE MAY 2005 L A N R cycling utah U O MAY IS BIKE J MONTH! G SEE OUR N I GUIDE ON L PAGE 3 C Y C DIRT PAVEMENT T ADVOCACY S RACING E TOURING W •Calendar of Events - p. 16 •Bike Club Guide Volume 2 - p. 8 •Tour of Canyonlands - p. 11 N •Glenwild Trail - p. 4 I •Invasion of the ORV’s - p. 5 A •Results - p. 20 •Buffalo Stampede - p. 12 T •Sprint to Win part 2 - p. 7 N •Endurance Racing 101 - p. 9 U • Be Bad Tour - p. 24 •Letters to the Editor - p. 21 O •Tour of the Storm - p. 23 M •Utah Bicycle Coalition - p. 10 2 cycling utah.com MAY 2005 SPEAKING OF SPOKES wound through parts of the Salt Lake Valley, and ended at the cycling utah Gateway Center. With the P.O. Box 57980 marathon scheduled to start at Murray, UT 84157-0980 MarathonMarathon TTourour aa 7:00 a.m., cyclists began one hour www.cyclingutah.com earlier at 6:00 a.m. so that the last You can reach us by phone: cyclist would finish (or quit, I sup- (801) 268-2652 SuccessSuccess pose) well before the leading Our Fax number: marathoners caught up to them. (801) 263-1010 By Dave Ward the Salt Lake Marathon. For the When I first heard of this, I Bike Tour. This bike tour fol- first time, cyclists were able, as was intrigued with the idea, but Publisher lowed the marathon route which part of the event festivities, to par- started at the Olympic Bridge on ticipate in an organized ride, the Utah cyclists experienced a the University of Utah campus, Continued on page 19 first on April 23, 2005, the date of Ken Garff Volvo Salt Lake City Dave Iltis, Editor & Race Tour Advertising [email protected] around around David R. -
Big Business at La Grande Boucle
SPECIAL REPORT | CYCLING BIG BUSINESS AT LA GRANDE BOUCLE One of the most gripping races in the long history of the Tour de France was also one of its most commercially successful. By James Emmett The build-up to the 98th edition of compelling Tours in recent history. The the Tour de France, which took place ASO, and specifically Tour director Christian across three weeks and 3,450km this Prudhomme, are to be applauded for ensuring July, was dominated by the ongoing Alberto the stages were varied enough to keep the Cantador saga. The Spaniard, a three-time race open right up to its final throes. As Tour winner and the defending champion such, spectators along the roads, although coming into this year’s event, is still awaiting impossible to accurately gauge since no a verdict from the Court of Arbitration for ticketing policy is possible in open road racing, Sport (CAS) on whether or not he is guilty seemed more than usually thronging, with the of having doped during the 2010 Tour. The stages in Lourdes and on the Alpe d’Huez in Spanish cycling federation have already cleared particular attracting seas of spectators. It is him, but the case has gone to CAS because the estimated that some 15 million people line the roads to watch the Tour each year. “There’s no other sport Television figures, a more reliable measurement of the Tour’s popularity, were that allows fans to be as also some of the best ever recorded. The close to the action and that European Broadcast Union (EBU) reported that figures were up across almost all its connection can really be of member nations. -
Respondents 25 Sca 001378
Questions about a Champion "If a misdeed arises in the search for truth, it is better to exhume it rather than conceal the truth." Saint Jerome. "When I wake up in the morning, I can look in the mirror and say: yes, I'm clean. It's up to you to prove that I am guilty." Lance Armstrong, Liberation, July 24,2001. "To deal with it, the teams must be clear on ethics. Someone crosses the line? He doesn't have the right to a second chance!" Lance Armstrong, L'Equipe, April 28, 2004. Between the World Road Champion encountered in a Norwegian night club, who sipped a beer, talked candidly, laughed easily and never let the conversation falter, and the cyclist with a stem, closed face, who fended off the July crowd, protected by a bodyguard or behind the smoked glass of the team bus, ten years had passed. July 1993. In the garden of an old-fashioned hotel near Grenoble, I interviewed Armstrong for three hours. It was the first professional season for this easygoing, slightly cowboyish, and very ambitious Texan. I left with a twenty-five-page interview, the chapter of a future book11 was writing about the Tour de France. I also took with me a real admiration for this young man, whom I thought had a promising future in cycling. Eight years later, in the spring of 2001, another interview. But the Tour of 1998 had changed things. Scandals and revelations were running rampant in cycling. Would my admiration stand the test? In August 1993, it was a happy, carefree, eloquent Armstrong, whom Pierre Ballester, met the evening after he won the World Championship in Oslo. -
Lance Armstrong: a Greedy Doper Or an Innocent Victim?
Lance Armstrong: A Greedy Doper or an Innocent Victim? “When the doctor asked if he’d [Armstrong] ever used performance-enhancing drugs, Lance answered, in a matter-of-fact tone, yes. He’d used EPO, cortisone, testosterone, human growth hormone, and steroids” (Hamilton, Coyle, 2012). This incident was widely described in Frankie Andreu’s affidavit in the USADA document, and is supposed to have happened in the fall of 1996 when Armstrong was diagnosed with cancer. What Tyler Hamilton (one of Armstrong’s former teammates) stresses in the next few lines of his statement is the openness with which Armstrong used to talk about doping and his involvement in the process: “He wants to minimize doping, show it’s no big deal, show that he’s bigger than any syringe or pill.” Hamilton makes a statement that Armstrong is “cavalier about doping” and had never really cared to hide his susceptibility to doping. Obviously, Lance Armstrong denies that any of the above mentioned situations had ever happened. Someone must be lying then. Based solely on one person’s words against another person’s words, it is impossible to verify who the liar is. Therefore, Armstrong’s case needs thorough and honest research, and evaluation of circumstantial evidence, taking into account both sides of the argument. On Saturday, November 10 th , Lance Armstrong released a photo of himself resting in the living room of his house in Austin, TX, while admiring his seven Tour de France yellow jerseys hanging on the walls. The yellow jerseys stand for the Tour de France titles of which Lance Armstrong has just recently been stripped. -
Titel: Lance Armstrong – Fra Start Til Slut Ideer Til Undervisningen Supplerende Materialer
Pædagogisk vejledning http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000029674 Titel: Lance Armstrong – fra start til slut Tema: Elitesport Fag: Samfundsfag, dansk Målgruppe: 8.- 10 kl + ungdomsudd. Tv-udsendelse (originaltitel: ”Stop at Nothing”): DR2, 2014, 91 min Ideer til undervisningen Den pædagogiske vejledning hænger sammen med kapitelmærkningen, og indeholder elevopgaver og diskussionspunkter, med udgangspunkt i udsagn fra de medvirkende personer. Alle billeder er screenshots fra udsendelsen. Supplerende materialer Doping med livet som indsats DR3 2019 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000115249 Skidronningens nedtur, DR3 2019 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000115253 Det olympiske dopingkomplot (1+2) Tysk dokumentar. DR2 2018 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000110231 Den russiske dopingskandale – afgørelsens time, TV2 2015 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000101649 Lance Armstrong – vinder eller svindler? TV2 2012 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000022218 Dokumentar fra tiden FØR indrømmelsen. 1998, skammens Tour de France. DR2 2010 http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000014974 Udarbejdet af Keld Mathiesen, CFU UCN, december 2019 Lance Armstrong – STOP AT NOTHING. 1 Pædagogisk vejledning http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000029674 Kapitel 1: Dokumentarens anslag er en afhøring fra november 2005. Vurder Lance Armstrongs troværdighed og beskriv hans taktik under afhøringen. Sammenholdt med dokumentarens originaltitel: ”Stop at nothing”. Kapitel 2: Den første store pengepræmie, en million dollars i Philadelphia. Med hvilke midler vandt Lance denne sejr? Var det lovligt? Kapitel 3: Den første etapesejr i Tour de France – vurder Lance’s personlighed, som han fremstår efter denne sejr. Udarbejdet af Keld Mathiesen, CFU UCN, december 2019 Lance Armstrong – STOP AT NOTHING. 2 Pædagogisk vejledning http://mitcfu.dk/TV0000029674 Kapitel 4: Frankie Andreau: ”Man vidste ikke hvad konkurrenterne gjorde, men kunne se tykke konkurrenter komme først over bjerget” – hvilken handling medførte det? Betsy, Frankie’s forlovede og senere hustru, overhører Lance, under sin indlæggelse, fortælle til lægen, at han har dopet sig. -
The History of Professional Road Cycling Jean-François Mignot
The history of professional road cycling Jean-François Mignot To cite this version: Jean-François Mignot. The history of professional road cycling. The Economics of Professional Road Cycling, pp.7-31, 2016, 978-3-319-22312-4. 10.1007/978-3-319-22312-4. halshs-01326719 HAL Id: halshs-01326719 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01326719 Submitted on 5 Jun 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Chapter 1: The history of professional road cycling1 Jean-François Mignot Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 1. Economic aspects of professional road cycling: from local races to global sport events ............................... 2 2. The institutional organization of professional road cycling: the historical role of the International Cycling Union....................................................................................................................................................................