DOCSLIB.ORG

IOWA STATE COLLEGE JOURNAL of SCIENCE Published on the :First Day of October, January, April and J Uly

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

IOWA STATE COLLEGE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Published on the :first day of October, January, April and J uly. EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR-IN-CHIEF, R. E. Buchanan. ASSOCIATE EDITORS : P. E. Brown, Secretary; C. J. Drake, A. H. F uller, I. E. Melhus, E. A. Benbrook, P. Mabel Nelson, V. E . Nelson. ADVISORY EDITORS: R. E . Buchanan, Chairman; C. J . Drake, E.W. Lind­ strom, I. E. Melhus, P. Mabel Nelson, 0. R. Sweeney. BUSINESS COMMITTEE · . P . E. •Er~wn, i::'nairmi.n; A. H . )'uller, V. E . Nelson, Jay W. Woodrow. .:. · . .:. .: .. .. .. .. : ·.. .... All manuscripts su1mittei fa::· pub~icati<'n shoam & iflir~ssed to R. E. Buchanan, Room 101 6cbnce Buildi11e, "J..i>wa • state College, Ames, Iowa. All remittances should be addressed to P . E . Brown, Bus. Mgr., Room 25 Hall of Agriculture, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa. Single Copies: One Dollar; Annual Subscription Three Dollars; In Canada, Three Dollars and a Quarter; Foreign, Three Dollars and a Half. Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Ames, Iowa. THE FUNGI OF IOWA PARASITIC ON PLANTS By JOSEPH C. GILMAN AND W. ANDREW ARCHER From the Department of Botany, Iowa State College, and the Office of Mycology and Disease Survey, United States Department of Agriculture. Accepted for publication June 20, 1929. The parasitic fungi, particularly those living on plants, have been the object of investigation in Iowa from the time when G. E. Bessey first estab­ lished the Department of Botany at Iowa State College. This interest has almost become traditional with the succession -0f B. D. Halsted and L. H. Pammel to the chairananship of that department. All three of these men had the study of parasitic fungi as one of their major interests, and the herbarium -0f the college has been the repository of their activities in this field. Added to their collections was a portion of the Holway herbarium, xclusive of the smuts and rusts, coupled with the collections of the Plant isease Survey sponsored jointly by the Office of Mycology and Dis­ e e Survey of the Bureau of Plant Industry of the United States Depart­ m t of Agrieulture, and the Department of Botany of Iowa State College a earried out by the junior author. This survey, conducted in 1927, y.: lded approximately 1,200 specimens. The mass of these collections made an orderly arrangement of the fungi and their hosts seem very de­ sirable, both from the standpoint of lmowing what parasites occur in the State, and because of their potentialities as pests of the cultivated crops. Geographically, the eentral position of Iowa in the United States has increased the value of the list, because, not only is the State in the transi­ tion area from forest to grassland, east and west, but it also lies across the line of change in a north and south distribution of vegetation. These cir­ cumstances give the list a range which would be difficult to duplieate on a similar area anywhere ·else in the United States, and make it useful not only in the area under consideration, but also to a large part of the adja­ cent territory. The area under consideration has been covered by some of the most prominent collectors of parasitic fungi of the country. Among the names which are most -0ften met in the herbarium, those of E. W. D. Holway, L. H. Pammel and J. C. Arthur are outstanding for the number and qual­ ity of their specimens. Others who have frequent contributions are C. E. Bessey, B. D. Halsted, F. C. Stewart, G. W. Carver, C. M. King, J. P. Anderson, A. S. Hitchcock, T. H. Macbride and G. W. Wilson. A eount of the listed fungi and diseases shows that there are 938 fungi and diseases on 1,019 host plants. Of these 916 are fungous parasites while 22 are maladies of non-parasitic origin. Of the parasites 195 are rums, 61 are smuts, 46 memlbers of the Peo~nosporales, 26 powdery mildews, 93 species of Septoria, 88 species of Cercospora, 36 species of Phyllosticta, 12 of Cylindrosporium, 24 of Ramularia, 19 oi Fusarium, 31 bacteria. The [299] 300 JOSEPH C. GILMAN AND W. ANDREW ARCHER order showing the greatest number -0£ species is the Moniliales with 197, the Uredinales being second with 195. The largest genus is Puccinia with 107 species represented. The distribution of these parasites is shown below: DISTRIBUTION OF THE PARASITES AMONG THE FUNGI AS FOUND IN IOWA No. of species 'in each ORDERS FAMILIES GENERA genus Plasmodiophorales [1]1 Plasmodiophoraceae Plasmodiophora 1 Eubacteriales [31J Bacteriaceae Bacterium 2 Bacillus 7 Pseudomonas 22 Actinomycetales [1] Actinomycetaceae Actinomyces 1 Chytridiales [ 8] Olpidiaceae Olpidium 1 Synchytriaceae Synchytrium 5 Cladochytriaceae Physoderma 1 Urophlyctis 1 Saprolegniales [1] Saprolegniaceae Aphanomyces 1 Peronosporales [46] Albuginaceae Albugo 5 Pythiaceae Phytophthora 2 Peronosporaceae Basidiophora 1 Bremia 1 Peronospora 28 Plasmopara 7 Pseudoperonospora 1 Sclerospora 1 Entomophthorales [2] Entomophthoraceae Empusa 2 Mucorales [3] Mucoraceae Sporodinia 1 Rhizopus 1 Cephalidaceae Syncephalis 1 Perisporiales [28] Perisporiaceae Parodiella 1 Dimerosporium 1 Erysiphaceae Erysiphe 5 Microsphaera 5 Phyllactinia 1 Podosphaera 2 Sphaerotheca 5 Uncinula 8 Exoascales [8] Exoascaceae Exoascus 4 Taphrina 4 Myriangiales [1] Plectodiscelleae Plcctodiscella 1 Pezizales [16] Pezizaceae P<.'zizella 1 Caliciaceae Vibrissea 1 Helotiaceae Sclerotinia 7 Mollisiaceae Fabraea 1 Mollisia 1 Pseudopeziza 4 Pyrenopeziza 1 'Figures in brackets give number of species in each order. THE FUNGI OF IOWA PARASITIC ON PLANTS 301 No. of species in ea.ch ORDERS FAMILIES GENERA genus Phacidiales [10)1 Phacidiaceae Coccomyces 5 Rhytisma 5 Hysteriales [1] Hypodermataceae Lophodermium 1 Hemisphaeriales [1] Mierothyriaceae Diplocarpon 1 Hypocreales [18) Hypocreaceae Hypocrea 1 Hypomyces 3 Scoleconectria 1 Pleonectria 1 Gibberella 3 Balansia 1 Claviceps 3 Cordyceps 4 Epichloe 1 Dothideales [ 9] Dothideaceae Dothidella 1 Phyllachora 6 Plowrightia 2 Sphaeriales [46) Sphaeriaceae Acanthostigma 1 Ceratostomaceae Ceratostomella 1 Mycosphaerellaceae Sphaerella 1 Guignardia 3 Mycosph·aerella 11 Pleosphaerulina 1 Pleosporaceae A piosporina 1 Didymellina 1 Leptosphaeria 4 Venturia 4 Physalospora 2 Pyrenophora 1 Massariaceae Mass aria 1 Gnomoniaceae Glomerella 1 Gnomonia 6 Valsaceae Diaporthe 1 Melanconidaceae Cryptosporella 1 Melanconis 1 Melogrammataceae Botryosphaeria 1 Endothia 1 Xylariaceae Nummularia 1 Hypoxylon 1 Ustilaginales [61) U stilaginaceae Cintractia 2 Melanopsichium 1 Schizonella 1 Sorosporium 3 Sphacelotheca 2 Thecaphora 1 Tolyposporium 1 Ustilago 4 Tilletiaceae Doassansia 3 Entyloma 13 Neovossia 1 Tilletia 4 Urocystis 5 1Figures in brackets give number of species in each order. 302 JOSEPH C. GILMAN AND W. ANDREW ARCHER No. of species in each ORDERS FAMILIES GENERA genus Uredinales [195]1 Coleosporaceae Colcosporium 4 Cerotelium 1 Cronartium 3 Melampsoraceae IIyalopsora 2 Melampsora 8 Pucciniastrum 4 Pucciniaceae Gymnoconia 1 Gymnosporangium 6 Kunkelia 1 Phragmidium 10 Puccinia 107 Uromyces 38 Uropyxis 2 Imperfecti Aecidium 7 Uredinopsis 1 Agaricales [ 9] Thelephoraceae Corticium 1 Exobasidiac eae Exobasidium 2 Microstroma 1 Agaricaceae Nyctnlis 1 Armillaria 1 Pleurotus 1 Polyporaceae ]'omes 1 Poria 1 Sphaeropsidales [179] Sphaerioidaceae Ascochyta 6 Cicinnobolus 1 Coniothyrium 4 Cytospora 4 Darluca 1 Diplodia 1 Fusicoccum 1 Hendersonia 1 Kellermania 1 N eottiospora 1 Phleospora 2 Rabenhorstia 1 Phoma 9 Phomopsis 5 Phyllosticta 36 Plenodomus 1 Septoria 93 Sphaeropsis 4 Leptostromataceae A ctinopelte 1 Discosia 1 Gloeodes 1 Melasmia 1 Sacidium 1 Excipulaceae Discclla 1 Dothichiza 1 Melanconiales [40] . Melanconiaceae Colletotrichum 9 Cy lindrosporium 12 Gloeosporium 9 Hyaloceras 1 Marssonina 5 Melanconium 1 Myxosporium 2 Sphaceloma 1 1Figures in brackets give number of species in each order. THE FUNGI OF IOWA PARASITIC ON PLANTS 303 No. of species in each ORDERS FAMILIES GENERA genus Monlliales [197]1 Moniliaceae Botrytis 4 Cephalosporium 1 Cercosporella 3 Didymaria 1 Ovularia 2 Oidium 1 P enicillium 2 Piricularia 2 Polyspora 1 Ramularia 24 Septocylindrium 1 Verticillium 3 Rhynchosporium 1 Dcmatiaceae Altcrnaria 8 Basisporium 1 Cercospora 88 Cladosporium 9 Dicoccum 1 Helminthosporium 6 Hadotrichum 1 Heterosporium 1 Fusicladium 1 Gymnosporium 1 Macrosporium 6 Moniliochaetes 1 Scolecotrichum 1 Spondylocladium 1 Stilbaceae Graphium 1 Tuberculariaceae Exosporium 1 Tubercularia 1 .Tuberculina 1 Fusarium 19 Sporotrichum 1 Volutella 1 Mycelia sterilia [ 4] Sclerotium 2 Rhizoctonia 2 Non-parasitic [22] Virus 8 Non-virus 14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- Total 938 1Figures in brackets give number of species in each order. 304 JOSEPH C. GILMAN AND W. ANDREW ARCHER Of the distribution on their host plants the greatest number are found upon the Gramineae with some 250 combinations of host and parasite. The Compositae ranked second with 157, while the Rosaceae were third with 137. These were followed iby the Leguminosae, the Ranunculaceae, Solan­ aceae and Cruciferae with 89, 52, 46 and 35 combinations, respectively. The distri-bution of parasites on the various members of the plant families are tabulated below: DISTRIBUTION OF THE PARASITES ON THE VARIOUS MEMBERS OF THE PLANT FAMILIES SPERMATOPHYTA 1. Gramineae ...................................... 250 48. Verbenaceae .................................. 5 2. Compositae .................................... 156 49. Araliaceae ...................................... 4 3. Rosaceae ......................... :. ............. 137 50. Menispermaceae ............................ 4 4. Leguminosae .................................
Recommended publications
  • New Powdery Mildew on Tomatoes

    New Powdery Mildew on Tomatoes

    NEW POWDERY MILDEW ON TOMATOES Heather Scheck, Plant Pathologist Ag Commissioner’s Office, Santa Barbara County POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Powdery mildew fungi are obligate, biotrophic parasites of the phylum Ascomycota of the Kingdom Fungi. The diseases they cause are common, widespread, and easily recognizable Individual species of powdery mildew fungi typically have a narrow host range, but the ones that infect Tomato are exceptionally large. Photo from APS Net POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Unlike most fungal pathogens, powdery mildew fungi tend to grow superficially, or epiphytically, on plant surfaces. During the growing season, hyphae and spores are produced in large colonies that can coalesce Infections can also occur on stems, flowers, or fruit (but not tomato fruit) Our climate allows easy overwintering of inoculum and perfect summer temperatures for epidemics POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Specialized absorption cells, termed haustoria, extend into the plant epidermal cells to obtain nutrition. Powdery mildew fungi can completely cover the exterior of the plant surfaces (leaves, stems, fruit) POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Conidia (asexual spores) are also produced on plant surfaces during the growing season. The conidia develop either singly or in chains on specialized hyphae called conidiophores. Conidiophores arise from the epiphytic hyphae. This is the Anamorph. Courtesy J. Schlesselman POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Some powdery mildew fungi produce sexual spores, known as ascospores, in a sac-like ascus, enclosed in a fruiting body called a chasmothecium (old name cleistothecium). This is the Teleomorph Chasmothecia are generally spherical with no natural opening; asci with ascospores are released when a crack develops in the wall of the fruiting body.
  • Images of Water” That Will Introduce Us to a Wide Range of Expressive Landscapes

    Images of Water” That Will Introduce Us to a Wide Range of Expressive Landscapes

    THEMATIC ROUTES Images Water, the archetypal and essential human resource par excellence, has been depicted in all cultures since the dawn of humanity up to the present of Water day. Its wide range of symbolic, sociological, literary and aesthetic Esther Moñivas Mayor connotations within the history of Western painting means that it can be approached from the viewpoint of numerous different issues. These include man’s relationship with nature and conquest of it, our vulnerable position midway between the fertility and destruction that give rise to natural resources, spirituality and ancestral rites associated with the elements, the relationship between water and the female, and pure enjoyment of its contemplation. The present tour of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection spans the 14th to the 20th centuries through a selection of “images of water” that will introduce us to a wide range of expressive landscapes. We will be seeing lakes, with their reflections that so fascinated painters, springs and rivers associated with biblical and mythological stories, unknown seas or ones whose raging waters have tested the courage of seafarers to the limit, majestic winter landscapes, ports and scenes of leisure activities. These are just a few of the themes that the painters in question have bequeathed to us, inviting us to reflect on and look at water in the context of our daily surroundings in a new way. ROOM 1 our survey begins in the medieval period with the aim of appreciating the LORENZO VENEZIANO sacred significance that water had within Active between 1356 and 1372 Christian religious symbolism. Portable Triptych of the Crucifixion: All the great civilisations of the ancient The Crucifixion (central panel), world grew up around river basins.
  • Competing Sexual and Asexual Generic Names in &lt;I

    Competing Sexual and Asexual Generic Names in <I

    doi:10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.06 IMA FUNGUS · 9(1): 75–89 (2018) Competing sexual and asexual generic names in Pucciniomycotina and ARTICLE Ustilaginomycotina (Basidiomycota) and recommendations for use M. Catherine Aime1, Lisa A. Castlebury2, Mehrdad Abbasi1, Dominik Begerow3, Reinhard Berndt4, Roland Kirschner5, Ludmila Marvanová6, Yoshitaka Ono7, Mahajabeen Padamsee8, Markus Scholler9, Marco Thines10, and Amy Y. Rossman11 1Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, West Lafayette, IN 47901, USA; corresponding author e-mail: maime@purdue. edu 2Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA 3Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotanik, ND 03/174, D-44801 Bochum, Germany 4ETH Zürich, Plant Ecological Genetics, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland 5Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, 320 Taoyuan City, Taiwan 6Czech Collection of Microoorganisms, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic 7Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan 8Systematics Team, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Auckland 1072, New Zealand 9Staatliches Museum f. Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Erbprinzenstr. 13, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany 10Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt (Main), Germany 11Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Abstract: With the change to one scientific name for pleomorphic fungi, generic names typified by sexual and Key words: asexual morphs have been evaluated to recommend which name to use when two names represent the same genus Basidiomycetes and thus compete for use. In this paper, generic names in Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are evaluated pleomorphic fungi based on their type species to determine which names are synonyms. Twenty-one sets of sexually and asexually taxonomy typified names in Pucciniomycotina and eight sets in Ustilaginomycotina were determined to be congeneric and protected names compete for use.
  • Manual of Mythology

    Manual of Mythology

    ^93 t.i CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY GIFT OF HENRY BEZIAT IN MEMORY OF ANDRE AND KATE BRADLEY BEZIAT 1944 Cornell University Library BL310 .M98 1893 and Rom No Manual of mythology. Greek « Cornell University S Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029075542 'f' liiiiiliilM^^ ^ M^ISTU^L MYTHOLOGY: GREEK AND ROMAN, NORSE, AND OLD GERMAN, HINDOO AND EGYPTIAN MYTHOLOGY. BY ALEXANDER S. MURRAY, DEPARTMENT OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, BRITISH MUSEUM- REPRINTED FROM THE SECOND REVISED LONDON EDITION. •WITH 45 PLATES ON TINTED PAPER, REPRESENTING MORE THAN 90 MYTHOLOGICAL SUBJECTS. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1893. ; PUBLISHERS' NOTE. Murray's Manual of Mythology has been known to the American public thus far only through the English edition. As originally published, the work was deficient in its account of the Eastern and Northern Mythology; but with these imperfections it secured a sale in this country which proved that it more nearly supplied the want which had long been felt of a compact hand-book in this study than did any other similar work. The preface to the second English edition indicates the important additions to, and changes which have been made in, the original work. Chapters upon the North- ern and Eastern Mythology have been supplied ; the descrip- tions of many of the Greek deities have been re-written accounts of the most memorable works of art, in which each deity is or was represented, have been added ; and a number iii IV PUBLISHERS NOTE.
  • Suitability of Nano-Sulphur for Biorational Management Of

    Suitability of Nano-Sulphur for Biorational Management Of

    atholog P y & nt a M l i P c r Journal of f o o b Gogoi et al., J Plant Pathol Microb 2013, 4:4 l i a o l n o r DOI: 10.4172/2157-7471.1000171 g u y o J Plant Pathology & Microbiology ISSN: 2157-7471 Research Article Open Access Suitability of Nano-sulphur for Biorational Management of Powdery mildew of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum Robin Gogoi1*, Pradeep Kumar Singh1, Rajesh Kumar2, Kishore Kumar Nair2, Imteyaz Alam2, Chitra Srivastava3, Saurabh Yadav3, Madhuban Gopal2, Samrat Roy Choudhury4 and Arunava Goswami4 1Divisions of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India 2Divisions of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India 3Department of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India 4Indian Statistical Research Institute, Kolkata-700 108, West Bengal, India Abstract New nano-sulphur synthesized at IARI and three other commercial products namely commercial sulphur (Merck), commercial nano-sulphur (M K Impex, Canada) and Sulphur 80 WP (Corel Insecticide) were evaluated in vitro for fungicidal efficacy at 1000 ppm against Erysiphe cichoracearum of okra. All the sulphur fungicides significantly reduced the germination of conidia of E. cichoracearum as compared to control. Least conidial germination was recorded in IARI nano-sulphur (4.56%) followed by Canadian nanosulphur (14.17%), Merck sulphur (15.53%), sulphur 80 WP (15.97%) and control (23.09%). Non-germinated conidia count was also high in case of IARI nano- sulphur followed by Canadian nano-sulphur, Merck sulphur and Sulphur 80WP.
  • View Full Text Article

    View Full Text Article

    Proceedings of the 7 th CMAPSEEC Original scientific paper FIRST RECORD OF POWDERY MILDEW ON CAMOMILE IN SERBIA Stojanovi ć D. Saša 1, Pavlovi ć Dj. Snežana 2, Starovi ć S. Mira 1, Stevi ć R.Tatjana 2, Joši ć LJ. Dragana 3 1 Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, Belgrade, Serbia 2 Institute for Medical Plant Research, «Dr Josif Pan čić», Tadeusa Koscuskog 1, Belgrade, Srbia 3 Institute for Soil Science, Teodora Drajzera 7, Belgrade, Serbia SUMMARY German c hamomile ( Matricaria recutita L .) is a well-known medicinal plant species from the Asteraceae family which has been used since ancient times as folk drug with multitherapeutic, cosmetic, and nutritional values. On the plantation (14 hectares) located in northern Serbia (Pancevo), as well as on the wild plants in the vicinity of Belgrade, the powdery mildew was observed on all green parts of chamomile plants in spring during 2010 and 2011. The first symptoms were manifested as individual, circular, white spots of pathogens mycelium formed on the surface of stem and both sides of the leaves. Later on, the spots merged and dense mycelia completely covered all parts of infected plants. The consequence of this disease is the destruction of foliage, which prevents obtaining of high-quality herbal products for pharmaceutical purposes. Based on the morhological characteristics the pathogen was determined as Golovinomyces cichoracearum (syn. Erysiphe cichoracearum ). It is already known as a pathogen of chamomile, but for the first time is described in Serbia. Key words: chamomile , Matricaria recutita , disease, powdery mildew , Golovinomyces cichoracearum INTRODUCTION German chamomile ( Matricaria recutita L ) is one of the most favored medicinal plants in the world.
  • Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016

    Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016

    Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry.
  • Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes

    Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes

    Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades.
  • Leaf-Inhabiting Genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales

    Leaf-Inhabiting Genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales

    Studies in Mycology 62 (2008) Leaf-inhabiting genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales M.V. Sogonov, L.A. Castlebury, A.Y. Rossman, L.C. Mejía and J.F. White CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands An institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Leaf-inhabiting genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales STUDIE S IN MYCOLOGY 62, 2008 Studies in Mycology The Studies in Mycology is an international journal which publishes systematic monographs of filamentous fungi and yeasts, and in rare occasions the proceedings of special meetings related to all fields of mycology, biotechnology, ecology, molecular biology, pathology and systematics. For instructions for authors see www.cbs.knaw.nl. EXECUTIVE EDITOR Prof. dr Robert A. Samson, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] LAYOUT EDITOR Marianne de Boeij, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] SCIENTIFIC EDITOR S Prof. dr Uwe Braun, Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, D-06099 Halle, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Prof. dr Pedro W. Crous, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Prof. dr David M. Geiser, Department of Plant Pathology, 121 Buckhout Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A. 16802. E-mail: [email protected] Dr Lorelei L. Norvell, Pacific Northwest Mycology Service, 6720 NW Skyline Blvd, Portland, OR, U.S.A.
  • Delimitation of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and Related Genera with Cylindrocarpon-Like Anamorphs

    Delimitation of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and Related Genera with Cylindrocarpon-Like Anamorphs

    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 68: 57–78. 2011. doi:10.3114/sim.2011.68.03 Delimitation of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and related genera with Cylindrocarpon-like anamorphs P. Chaverri1*, C. Salgado1, Y. Hirooka1, 2, A.Y. Rossman2 and G.J. Samuels2 1University of Maryland, Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, 2112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA; 2United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Rm. 240, B-010A, 10300 Beltsville Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA *Correspondence: Priscila Chaverri, [email protected] Abstract: Neonectria is a cosmopolitan genus and it is, in part, defined by its link to the anamorph genusCylindrocarpon . Neonectria has been divided into informal groups on the basis of combined morphology of anamorph and teleomorph. Previously, Cylindrocarpon was divided into four groups defined by presence or absence of microconidia and chlamydospores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have indicated that Neonectria sensu stricto and Cylindrocarpon sensu stricto are phylogenetically congeneric. In addition, morphological and molecular data accumulated over several years have indicated that Neonectria sensu lato and Cylindrocarpon sensu lato do not form a monophyletic group and that the respective informal groups may represent distinct genera. In the present work, a multilocus analysis (act, ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1, tub) was applied to representatives of the informal groups to determine their level of phylogenetic support as a first step towards taxonomic revision of Neonectria sensu lato. Results show five distinct highly supported clades that correspond to some extent with the informal Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon groups that are here recognised as genera: (1) N.
  • Shropshire Fungus Checklist 2010

    Shropshire Fungus Checklist 2010

    THE CHECKLIST OF SHROPSHIRE FUNGI 2011 Contents Page Introduction 2 Name changes 3 Taxonomic Arrangement (with page numbers) 19 Checklist 25 Indicator species 229 Rare and endangered fungi in /Shropshire (Excluding BAP species) 230 Important sites for fungi in Shropshire 232 A List of BAP species and their status in Shropshire 233 Acknowledgements and References 234 1 CHECKLIST OF SHROPSHIRE FUNGI Introduction The county of Shropshire (VC40) is large and landlocked and contains all major habitats, apart from coast and dune. These include the uplands of the Clees, Stiperstones and Long Mynd with their associated heath land, forested land such as the Forest of Wyre and the Mortimer Forest, the lowland bogs and meres in the north of the county, and agricultural land scattered with small woodlands and copses. This diversity makes Shropshire unique. The Shropshire Fungus Group has been in existence for 18 years. (Inaugural meeting 6th December 1992. The aim was to produce a fungus flora for the county. This aim has not yet been realised for a number of reasons, chief amongst these are manpower and cost. The group has however collected many records by trawling the archives, contributions from interested individuals/groups, and by field meetings. It is these records that are published here. The first Shropshire checklist was published in 1997. Many more records have now been added and nearly 40,000 of these have now been added to the national British Mycological Society’s database, the Fungus Record Database for Britain and Ireland (FRDBI). During this ten year period molecular biology, i.e. DNA analysis has been applied to fungal classification.
  • Master Thesis

    Master Thesis

    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Uppsala 2011 Taxonomic and phylogenetic study of rust fungi forming aecia on Berberis spp. in Sweden Iuliia Kyiashchenko Master‟ thesis, 30 hec Ecology Master‟s programme SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Iuliia Kyiashchenko Taxonomic and phylogenetic study of rust fungi forming aecia on Berberis spp. in Sweden Uppsala 2011 Supervisors: Prof. Jonathan Yuen, Dept. of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Anna Berlin, Dept. of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Examiner: Anders Dahlberg, Dept. of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Credits: 30 hp Level: E Subject: Biology Course title: Independent project in Biology Course code: EX0565 Online publication: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se Key words: rust fungi, aecia, aeciospores, morphology, barberry, DNA sequence analysis, phylogenetic analysis Front-page picture: Barberry bush infected by Puccinia spp., outside Trosa, Sweden. Photo: Anna Berlin 2 3 Content 1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 6 1.1 Life cycle…………………………………………………………………………….. 7 1.2 Hyphae and haustoria………………………………………………………………... 9 1.3 Rust taxonomy……………………………………………………………………….. 10 1.3.1 Formae specialis………………………………………………………………. 10 1.4 Economic importance………………………………………………………………... 10 2 Materials and methods……………………………………………………………... 13 2.1 Rust and barberry