Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae)

Zootaxa 3941 (3): 375–390 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:04201E27-FC81-4802-8AD0-FCB1BB6274CF Synopsis of subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 in China (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae)

JIE ZHANG 1, MINGXIA SUN 2 & XINLI WANG 1, 3 1Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 2Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 3Corresponding author. E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract

A synopsis of the subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) is presented. One new synonyms is proposed. Protidricerus palliventralis Yang, 1999 syn.n. is a junior synonym of Protidricerus elwesii (McLachlan, 1891). Two genera and eight species are redescribed and illustrated, and keys to the genera and species are presented.

Key words: Owlfly, Idricerus, Protidricerus, new synonym

Introduction

The subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) has as its diagnostic character: eyes entire, without a transverse furrow. Nearly 100 species in 27 genera of the subfamily Haplogleniinae have been reported in the world, and are distributed mainly in South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar and the Americas (Tjeder 1992). To date, only a few species of Haplogleniinae have been recorded from northern hemisphere. No species of Haplogleniinae have been found in Australia. So far three genera are reported in Asia: Protidricerus, Idricerus and Ptyngidricerus. Before our study 5 species of Idricerus and 5 species of Protidricerus were reported in China. We found a synonym relationship among them. As a result, five species of Idricerus and four species of Protidricerus were recognized in China.

Material and methods

Terminology of wing venation follows Wang et al. (2003), while genitalia terminology follows Tjeder (1977). Photographs of morphological characteristics were taken with a Canon EOS 500D digital camera connected to an Olympus U-CTR30-2 microscope, using UV-C (Application Suite) applied software by United Vision Ltd. Photographs of habitus were taken by a Nikon COOLPIX4500 digital camera. All figures were processed in Adobe Photoshop CS5. All specimens examined are deposited in the Insect Collections of China Agricultural University (ICCAU), Beijing, China.

Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853

Haplogleniidae Newman, 1853: 199. Type genus: Haploglenius Burmeister, 1839. Olophthalmi Lefèbvre, 1842: 6. Holophthalmi McLachlan, 1871: 230. Holophthalminae Weele, 1908: 26. Holoftalmos Navás, 1912: 205.

Accepted by M. Ohl: 9 Mar. 2015; published: 1 Apr. 2015 375 Neuroptyngini Schroeder, 1925: 838. Verticillecerinae Orfila, 1949: 188. Neuroptynginae Handlirsch, 1936. Episperchinae Stange, 1967: 62. Ascaloptynginae MacLeod, 1970: 155. Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853: Tjeder & Waterston, 1977: 87.

Diagnosis. Eyes entire, not divided by a transverse furrow; antennae longer than or equal to 1/2 length of forewing. Distribution: South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, America.

Key to the Chinese genera of Haplogleniinae

1 Forewing and hind wing with 2 rows of cells in apical area, forewing axillary angle usually strong projecting...... Idricerus - Forewing and hind wing with 3 rows of cells in apical area, forewing axillary angle absent or somewhat projecting ...... Protidricerus

Idricerus McLachlan, 1871

Idricerus McLachlan, 1871: 240. Type-species: Ascalaphus decrepitus Walker, 1860; by original designation.

Diagnosis. Wings narrow and elongated, slightly wider in central portion; apical area narrow with two rows of cells; pterostigma short. Forewings axillary angle blunt, usually projected. Antennae long, reaching 1/2 to 2/3 length of forewing. Head wider than thorax. Spur of hind tibiae incurved, as long as 1st and 2nd tarsomere.

*Key to Chinese species of Idricerus

1 Forewing axillary angle not projecting, CuA2 long, about equal with two crossveins ...... I. xianganus - Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein ...... 2 2 Wings densely covered yellowish brown speckles along veins, stigma dark brown ...... I. decrepitus - Wing membranes unpigmented, stigma pale yellow...... I. sogdianus

*excluding I. weelei

Idricerus decrepitus (Walker, 1859) (Figs. 1–6)

Ascalaphus decrepitus Walker, 1860: 197. Idricerus decrepitus McLachlan, 1871: 240.

Diagnosis. Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Wings densely covered yellowish brown speckles along veins, stigma dark brown. Measurements. Male: body length 28–30 mm, abdomen length 16–17 mm, antenna length 24–26 mm, forewing 32–35 mm, hind wing 28–31 mm. Female: body length 27–28 mm, abdomen length 15–16 mm, antenna length 25–26 mm, forewing 38 mm, hind wing 33–34 mm. Head. Wider than thorax. Vertex light brown, with white and grey long hairs Frons red-brown. Genae with white long hairs. Clypeus and labrum yellow. Mandible apex dark-brown. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellow. Eyes grayish yellow with dense dark color spots and stripes, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae alternating between pale yellow and brown, terminal pyriform. Thorax. Pronotum black, anterior and posterior margin yellow. Mesonotum and metanotum black. Pleuron with long grey setae.

376 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. FIGURES 1–6. Idricerus decrepitus. 1. Male, dorsal view. 2. Male genitalia, lateral view. 3. Male genitalia, ventral view. 4. Female, dorsal view 5. Female terminalia, lateral view. 6. Female terminalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: ep = ectoprocts; ga = gonarcus; pa = parameres; plt =pelta; pv = pulvini; dv = distivalvae; id = interdens; lg = linguella; vv= ventrovalvae.

SYNOPSIS OF SUBFAMILY HAPLOGLENIINAE Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 377 Wings. Forewing narrow and elongate, basal area with distinct axillary angle, the distal margin of axillary angle concave. Veins alternating between pale and dark, wings mottled. Pterostigma dark brown, with 3–4 crossveins, apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing narrow and elongated, slightly shorter than the forewing, apical area with 2 rows of cells, CuA2 short, equal about one crossvein. Legs. Bright black, with long, white and black bristles. Femora and tibia proximally and distally yellow, spurs and claws reddish-brown. Tibial spur reaching to end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Shorter than hind wing. Tergite black, some parts light color; sternite black, some specimens with white part, and sparse white long hairs. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male (Figs. 2–3). Ectoprocts oval; gonarcus wide vaulted; parameres thin and positioned near distal margin, broad and divergent basally; pelta present; pulvini broad, with setae. Fmale (Figs. 5–6). Ventrovalvae blade-shaped, with interdens; linguella small distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. 1 ♂, China, Tibet Zhangmu port, 8. VI. 1981, Shenglv Hu, CAUN200362. 1 ♂, Tibet Zhangmu Friendship Bridge, 17. IV. 1981, Shenglv Hu, CAUN200363. 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 20. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200360, CAUN200365; 1 ♀, Tibet Jilong, 22. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200366; 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 28. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200361; 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 25. VI. 1984, Qiong Pu, CAUN200364. Distribution. China: Tibet; North India, Turkmenistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Kashmir.

Idricerus sogdianus McLachlan, 1875 (Figs. 7–9)

Idricerus sogdianus McLachlan, 1875: 2.

Diagnosis. Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Wing membranes unpigmented, stigma pale yellow. Measurements. Female: body length 35 mm, abdomen length 20 mm, antenna length 30 mm, forewing 41 mm, hind wing 37 mm. Male: unknown. Head. Slightly wider than thorax. Vertex black, with dense white and grey long setae. Frons brown, with long white setae. Genae brown, with white and grey long setae. Clypeus and labrum yellow, terminal of labrum with a row of yellow setae. Mandible brown with black apex. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellow with brown apex, with black short hairs. Eyes black with inaurate pattern, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae alternating between brown and yellow, terminalbed apex pyriform and with black short setae. Thorax. Black, with dense white and grey long setae. Mesoscutellum with one red brown transverse striation. Metanotum with one yellow transverse striation. Wings. Forewing narrow and elongated, with distinct axillary angle, the distal margin of axillary angle concave. Veins brown except Sc alternating between black and yellow. Pterostigma yellow, with 4 crossveins. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 5–6 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing slightly shorter than the forewing. Veins brown except Sc alternating between black and yellow. Pterostigma color light, with five crossveins. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Legs. Femora brown, with white setae and black bristles. Tibia yellow except middle part with one brown narrow ring, with black bristles. Tarsomere yellow with brown terminal. Spurs and claws red brown. Spur reaching end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Short than hind wing. Tergite black, each segment terminal with red brown narrow edge. Terminalia and Genitalia: Female (Figs. 8–9). Ventrovalvae blade shape, interdens present; linguella weakly sclerotized, distivalvae nearly oval. Male. Unknown. Material examined. 1♀, China, Tibet Pulan Kejiakou, 3700 m, 24. VII. 1976, Fusheng Huang, CAUN200368. 1, gender unknown, precise locality unknown, 18. VII. 1994, gatherer unknown, CAUN200419. Distribution. China: Tibet; North India, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Turkey.

378 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. FIGURES 7–9. Idricerus sogdianus McLachlan. 7. Female, dorsal view. 8. Female terminalia, lateral view. 9. Female terminalia, ventral view. FIGURE 10. Holotype male of Idricerus xianganus Yang, 1992, habitus, dorsal view.

Idricerus xianganus Yang, 1992: 649.

Diagnosis. Forewing axillary angle not projecting, CuA2 long, about equal with two crossveins. Measurements. Male: body length 36 mm, abdomen length 22 mm, forewing 40 mm, hind wing 33 mm, antenna absent. Female: unknown. Head. Black, with dense black long hairs. Clypeus, labrum and genae yellowish-brown. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus dark brown. Eyes yellowish-brown, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae absent. Thorax. Black brown. Mesonotum grayish brown, with dense black brown setae. Venter lighter color, with dense white long setae. Wings. Forewing hyaline. Basis of costal area and anal area pale brown. Wing base without axillary angle. Pterostigma pale yellow, with four veinlets. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 5 cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing shorter than the forewing, nearly oblique triangle. Basis of costal area and anal area pale brown. Pterostigma pale yellow, with 4 veinlets. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. CuA2 long, about equal with 2–3 crossveins. Legs. Black brown. Apical spurs of tibia claw-like, slender and terminal slightly curved, reaching end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Short than hind wing. Black, basal 3 segments with yellowish-brown narrow posterior edge. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male. Anatomy of genital absent. Female. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype. 1♂, China, Hunan Yizang county, 22. VIII. 1981, collector unknown, CAUN200367. Distribution. China: Hunan. Remark. Holotype sex record revision: in the original description by Yang (1992) the holotype is recorded as female, but he mentioned that this single type specimen has a spiracle on the 8th abdominal lateral membrane. In the family of Ascalaphidae the spiracle on the 8th abdominal segment located on the 8th tergite in female, and is on the 8th abdominal segment lateral membrane in male. We examined the abdomen and terminalia of this holotype and confirm that this holotype is male, the original sex record is a wrong.

Idricerus sjostedti Navás, 1927

Idricerus sjostedti Navás, 1927: 1

Material examined. none. Distribution. China: Canton. Navás (1927) described a new species, Idricerus sjostedti, based on one female specimen collected from China. This holotype was deposited in the Museum de Stockholm.

Idricerus weelei Navás, 1909

Idricerus weelei Navás 1909: 56.

Original description: body length 30 mm, abdomen length 20 mm, forewing length 36 mm, hind wing length 32 mm, antenna length 25 mm. Redescribe according to the original published figure: Axillary angle of forewing distinct, long lobe shape. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cu area with 5–6 rows of cells. Rs branches 6. Rs-I and Rs-II far from each other at starting point and then approach gradually, almost no parallel part. Hing wing apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cu area with 4 rows of cells. Material examined. none.

380 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. Distribution. China: Hong Kong. Remark. Sziráki (1998) reported that this species distribute in Hong Kong. But there were no more detailed information of specimen collection and preservation. Because no examined specimen of this species was examined, the key to species of Idricerus doesn’t include it.

Protidricerus Weele, 1908

Protidricerus Weele, 1908: 61. Type species: Idricerus exilis McLachlan, 1894; by original designation.

Diagnosis. Wings wide or very narrow, apical area wider. Forewing and hind wing with 3 rows of cells in apical area. Forewings axillary angle absent or somewhat projecting. Antennae longer than 1/2 length of forewing. Leg short and thick, spur of hind tibiae as long as 1st and 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen shorter than hind wing. Distribution. China, Japan, Philippines, Borneo.

Key to Chinese species of Protidricerus

1 Wing wide, distal margin and posterior margin of hind wing deeply curved, CuA2 reaching over 2 cells, forewing axillary angle not projecting...... P. elwesii - Wing narrow, distal margin and posterior margin of hindwing flat curve or almost straight, CuA2 reaching over 1 cell, forewing axillary angle somewhat projecting ...... 2 2 Hind wing distal margin and posterior margin flat curve, CuA2 indistinct, cubital area with 3–4 cells in the longest central across row ...... P. exilis - Hind wing distal margin and posterior margin almost straight, CuA2 distinct, cubital area with 2–3 longitudinal rows of cells ...... 3 3 Hind wing Cu area with 2 longitudinal rows of cells, occasional 1 or 2 middle row of cells disconnect each other...... P. steropterus - Hind wing Cu area with 3 longitudinal rows of cells, middle row of cells more than three and connect each other...... P. japonicus

Protidricerus elwesii (McLachlan, 1891) (Figs. 11–16)

Idricerus elwesii McLachlan, 1891: 512. Protidricerus elwesii Weele, 1908: 63. Protidricerus palliventralis Yang, 1999. 141. New synonym.

Diagnosis. Wing wide, distal margin and posterior margin of hind wing deeply curved, CuA2 reaching over 2 cells, forewing axillary angle not projecting. Measurements. Male: body length 32–33 mm, abdomen length 19–20 mm, antenna length 26–27 mm, forewing 36–37 mm, hind wing 32–33 mm. Female: body length 33–37 mm, abdomen length 20–21 mm, antenna length 29–32 mm, forewing 42–51 mm, hind wing 38–45 mm. Head. Vertex, frons, genae black, with dense black long hairs. Clypeus and labrum yellow. Mandible dark brown. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus red brown, with black short setae. Eyes yellow or brown, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae brown with black apex, spoon shape, about as long as 2/3 length of forewing. Thorax. Pronotum grey brown, with brown long setae. Venter grey brown, with white and black long setae, male often with white long setae. Wings. Forewing wide, light umber, the basal part of costal area dark color, veins dark brown. The distal and posterior edge strongly curved, axillary angle indistinct. Pterostigma yellowish brown, with 4 crossveins. Costal area with 34–35 crossveins, apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing shorter than forewing, color similar to forewing. Pterostigma yellowish brown, with 5 crossveins. Apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. CuA2 long, reaching over 2 cells.

SYNOPSIS OF SUBFAMILY HAPLOGLENIINAE Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 381 FIGURES 11–16. Protidricerus elwesii. 11. Male. 12. Male genitalia, lateral view. 13. Male genitalia, ventral view. 14. Female. 15. Female terminalia, lateral view. 16. Female terminalia, ventral view.

382 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. Legs. Femora red brown, with white and black long setae. Tibia red brown, with black long setae. Spurs and claws red brown. Tarsomere red brown. Abdomen. Black, shorter than hind wing. Posterior margin of some segments yellow. Basal sternite of male often grey white. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male (Figs. 12–13). Ectoprocts oval; gonarcus wide vaulted; parameres close to each other terminal and far separated basal, pelta present; pulvini bursiform, with black setae. Female (Figs. 15–16). Ventrovalvae long eggplant shape, without interdens; linguella small; distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. 1 ♀ 4 ♂, China, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 27. VII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200434, CAUN200436, CAUN200544, CAUN200475?CAUN200476; 2 ♂, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 30. VII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200474?CAUN200477; 1 ♂, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 31. VII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200473; 1 ♀, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 1. VIII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200415; 1 ♀ 3 ♂, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 2. VIII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200379, CAUN200469, CAUN200470, CAUN200472; 1 ♀ 4 ♂, Zhejiang Taishun county Wuyanling, 650 m, 3. VIII. 2005, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200435, CAUN200541, CAUN200542, CAUN200543, CAUN200471; 1 ♀, Fujian Sangang, 24. VIII. 1982, Jiang Wang, CAUN200332; 1 ♀, Fujian Wuyi Mountain, 750 m, 20–30. VII. 1983, Unknown, CAUN200333; 1 ♀, Fujian Longyan Meihua Mountain, 800 m, 20. VII. 1988, Jikun Yang, CAUN200331; 1 ♀, Guangxi Xingan Maoer Mountain, 4. VIII. 2005, Ping Zhao, CAUN200378; 1 ♀, Guangxi Xingan Maoer Mountain, 9. VIII. 2005, Ping Zhao, CAUN200380; 1 ♂, Sichuan Xingjing county Siping, 1100 m, 26. VI. 1984, Dajun Liu, CAUN200334; 1 ♀, Guizhou Leigong Mountain Xiaodanjiang, 860–1300 m, 13–14. IX. 2005, Qiongzang Song, CAUN200388; 1 ♂, Tibet Motuo Hanmi, 2100 m, 26. VII. 2011, Wenheng Bi, CAUN200538; 4 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Motuo Hanmi, 2100 m, 7. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200514, CAUN200532, CAUN200533, CAUN200536, CAUN200508; 2 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Motuo, 2110 m, 17. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200511, CAUN200537, CAUN200509; 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Motuo, 2110 m, 18. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200513, CAUN200540; 2 ♀, Tibet Motuo, 19. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200512, CAUN200539; 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Bowo Tongmai, 2200 m, 21. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200534, CAUN200510; 1 ♀, Tibet Yigong National Geological Park, 2200 m, 25. VIII. 2011, Qingbin Zhan, CAUN200535. Material examined of Protidricerus palliventralis new synonym. Holotype. ♂, China, Fujian Sangang, 24. VIII. 1986, Jiashen Wang, CAUN200330. Distribution. China: Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Tibet; India, Burma, Pakistan. Remark. McLachlan (1891) published a new species, Idricerus elwesii, based on a female from Indien: Assam. Weele (1908) moved it to his new genus Protidricerus and redescribed this species. But he didn’t examine the male specimen of P. elwesi i. The original description of P. palliventralis is based on a male collected from Fujian, China. We examined 42 specimens (21♀, 21♂) collected from six provinces of China including Tibet. We determined that all male specimens were P. palliventralis, whereas all female specimens were P. elwesii. We therefore deduce that P. palliventralis is a junior synonym of P. elw esii.

Protidricerus exilis (McLachlan, 1894) (Figs. 17–19)

Idricerus exilis McLachlan, 1894: 424. Protidricerus exilis: Weele, 1908: 62.

Diagnosis. Wing narrow, distal margin and posterior margin of hind wing flat curve or almost straight, CuA2 reaching over 1 cell, forewing axillary angle somewhat projecting. Hind wing distal margin and posterior margin flat curve, CuA2 indistinct, cubital area with 3-4 cells in the longest central across row. Measurements. Female: body length 28–35 mm, abdomen length 18 mm, antenna length 23–26 mm, forewing 36–42 mm, hind wing 31–37 mm. Male: Unknwon. Head. Vertex black, with white and brown long hairs. Frons black, with white and grey long hairs. Genae, clypeus and labrum yellow. Labrum terminal with a row of yellowish brown setae. Mandible brown with dark brown terminal. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus brown, with black short setae. Eyes black with brown stripes, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae black, terminal with dense black short setae.

SYNOPSIS OF SUBFAMILY HAPLOGLENIINAE Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 383 FIGURES 17–19. Protidricerus exilis. 17. Female. 18. Female terminalia, lateral view. 19. Female terminalia, ventral view.

Thorax. Black, anterior and posterior margin of pronotum and mesothorax with white and brown long setae. Metathorax with white long setae. Wings. Forewing hyaline, long and narrow. The distal and posterior edge shallow arc shaped, almost parallel to the anterior margin. Axillary angle slightly prominent. Veins dark brown. Pterostigma dark brown, with 4–5 crossveins. Costal area with 32 crossveins, apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells the longest central across row. Hind wing shorter than forewing. Pterostigma dark brown, longer than pterostigma of forewing. Apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 3–4 rows of cells the longest central across row. CuA2 short, reaching over one cell. Legs. Black. Femora with white and black long setae. Tibia with black setae. Spurs and claws red brown. Spurs reaching end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Grey brown, short than hind wing. Basal pleuron with long brown setae. 1st and 2nd sternites with long white setae, other segments with long black setae. Terminalia and Genitalia. Female (Figs. 18–19). Ventrovalvae triangular, interdens present; linguella small; distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. 1 ♀, China, Hubei Shennongjia Hongping, 1800 m, 10. VII. 1980, Junhua He, CAUN200339; 2 ♀, Sichuan Jiuzhai valley, VIII. 2002, Fuming Shi, CAUN200336, CAUN200337; 1 ♀, Sichuan Kangding Pengta, 1. IX. 2005, Fuming Shi, CAUN200376; 1 ♀, Yunnan Yuxi, 13. V. 1980, Qirong Zhao, CAUN200338; 1 ♀, Yunnan Laojun mountain Sanchahe, 2700 m, 29. VII. 1980, Chuanzu Jian, CAUN200340; 1 ♀, Shaxi Taibai mountain Songping temple, 1200 m, 13. VII. 1983, Shanxi Taibai mountain insect study group, CAUN200341; 1 ♀, Gansu Dangchang, 20. VII. 1980, Rencu Luo, CAUN200335. Distribution. China: Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shanxi, Gansu.

Protidricerus steropterus Wang & Yang, 2002: 562.

Diagnosis. Wing narrow, distal margin and posterior margin of hindwing flat curve or almost straight, CuA2 reaching over 1 cell, forewing axillary angle somewhat projecting. Hind wing distal margin and posterior margin almost straight, CuA2 distinct, Cu area with 2 longitudinal rows of cells, occasional 1 or 2 middle row of cells disconnect each other of cells. Measurements. Male: body length 29–31 mm, abdomen length 18–19 mm, antenna length 23–25 mm, forewing 34–36 mm, hind wing 29–31 mm. Female: body length 31–33 mm, abdomen length 19–20 mm, antenna length 26–27 mm, forewing 42 mm, hind wing 36–37 mm. Head. Vertex black, with white and black brown long hairs. Frons and genae black, with white long hairs. Clypeus and labrum yellowish brown. Mandible brown with dark brown apex. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellow with darker terminal. Eyes entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae yellowish brown, about 2/3 length of forewing. Thorax. Dorsum black, with black long setae. Mesoscutellum posterior margin with a row of white long setae. Metathorax with white and black long setae. Venter black, with dense white long setae. Wings. Forewing hyaline, very long and narrow. The distal and posterior edge almost as a straight line, about parallel to the anterior margin. Axillary angle blunt, protruding. Veins brown. Pterostigma yellowish brown, with 3–4 crossveins. Costal area with 30–31 crossveins, apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells the longest central across row. Hind wing shorter and narrower than forewing. Pterostigma yellowish brown, with 3–4 crossveins. Apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cu area with 2 longitudinal rows of cells. CuA2 short, reaching over one cell. Legs. Red brown. Femora with white long setae, tibia with black long setae. Tarsomere black. Spurs and claws with red brown terminal. Abdomen. Shorter than hind wing, black. Occasionally lateral margin of some segments with yellow spots. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male (Figs. 21–22). Ectoprocts oval; gonarcus wide vaulted; parameres close to each other terminal and far separated basal, pelta present; pulvini weakly sclerotized. Female (Figs. 24–25). Ventrovalvae triangular, interdens present; linguella small; distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. Holotype. ♀, Henan Song county Baiyun mountain, 19. VII. 1996, Wanzhi Cai, CAUN200342. 1, unknown gender, Beijing Mentougou Xiaolongmen, 8. VII. 2006, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200418; 1♂, Henan Song county Baiyun mountain, 19. VII. 1996, Jikun Yang, CAUN200346; 1♀, Henan Shan county Ganshan, 600 m, 1. V. 2000, Shen and Ren, CAUN200343; 1♂, Henan Shan county Ganshan, 600 m, 1. VI. 2000, Shen and Ren, CAUN200344; 1♂, Henan Jigong mountain, 700 m, 15. VII. 2001, Xiaocheng Shen, CAUN200345. Distribution. China: Beijing, Henan.

Protidricerus japonicus (McLachlan, 1891) (Figs. 26–31)

Idricerus japonicus McLachlan, 1891: 513. Protidricerus japonicus Weele, 1908: 63.

SYNOPSIS OF SUBFAMILY HAPLOGLENIINAE Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 385 FIGURES 20–25. Protidricerus steropterus. 20. Male. 21. Male genitalia, lateral view. 22. Male genitalia, ventral view. 23. Female. 24. Female terminalia, lateral view. 25. Female Terminalia, ventral view.

386 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. FIGURES 26–31. Protidricerus japonicus. 26. Male. 27. Male genitalia, lateral view. 28. Male genitalia, ventral view. 29. Female. 30. Female terminalia, lateral view. 31. Female terminalia, ventral view.

Head. Vertex black, with black long hairs. Frons black brown, with black and white long hairs. Genae pale yellow, clypeus and labrum yellow. Clypeus with yelolow setae. Mandible with dark red-brown apex. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellowish brown with dark brown terminal. Eyes black brown, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae brown-and-yellow, terminalbed apex pyriform and with dense black short setae. Thorax. Dorsum ash black, with black and white long setae. Venter black, with grey long setae. Wings. Forewing hyaline, long and narrow. The distal and posterior edge shallow arc shaped, almost parallel to the anterior margin. Axillary angle blunt, protruding. Pterostigma dark brown, with 4 crossveins. Costal area with 31–32 crossveins, apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing shorter than forewing. Pterostigma dark brown. Apical area with 3 rows of cells, Cu area with 3 longitudinal rows of cells. CuA2 short, indistinctive, reaching over one cell. Legs. Femora, tibia brown, with black long setae. Tarsomere black. Spurs and claws black with red brown terminal. Spurs reaching middle part of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Grey black, with dense black short setae. 1st tergum grey brown, both sides with brown and grey long setae. Basal sternites yellow, with white long setae, remaining segments grey white, with dense black short setae. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male (Figs. 27–28). Ectoprocts oval; gonarcus wide vaulted; parameres close to each other terminal and far separated basal, pelta present; pulvini distinctive. Female (Figs. 30–31). Ventrovalvae triangular, with interdens; linguella distinctive; distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. 1 ♂, China, Beijing Xibeiwang, 1960. VII. 2, unknown, CAUN200359; 1 ♂, Beijing Baihuashan, 10. VII. 2005, Bingzhen Yan, CAUN200385; 1 ♀, Beijing Xiaolongmen, 1350 m, 30. VI. 1987, W. W. Zhang, CAUN200358; 2 ♀ 1 ♂, Beijing Xiaolongmen, 12. VII. 2005, Bingzhen Yan, CAUN200382, CAUN200384, CAUN200383; 2 ♀, Beijing Xiaolongmen, 13. VII. 2005, Bingzhen Yan, CAUN200386, CAUN200387; 1 ♂, Beijing Xiaolongmen, 14. VII. 2005, Bingzhen Yan, CAUN200381; 1 ♂, Beijing Labagoumen, 16. VI. 2009, Guoquan Wang, CAUN200546; 1 ♀, Hebei Xinglong, 21. VII. 1971, Tianjin museum of nature, CAUN200347; 1 ♀, Hebei Xinglong, 14. VIII. 1971, Tianjin museum of nature, CAUN200348; 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Hebei Wuling mountain, 9. VII. 2006, Qianyan Yang, CAUN200417, CAUN200416; 1 ♀, Hebei Xiaowutai Yangjiaping, 25. VI. 2009, Junchao Wang, CAUN200547; 1 ♀, Hebei Xiaowutai Yangjiaping, 27. VI. 2009,

388 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. Junchao Wang, CAUN200548; 2 ♂, Henan Shan county Ganshan, 600 m, 1. V. 2000, Shen and Ren, CAUN200355, CAUN200356; 1 ♀, Henan Song county Baiyun mountain, 1500 m, 14. VII. 2004, Zhiliang Wang, CAUN200265; 1 ♀, Hubei Shennongjia Wenshui forest farm, 1700–2000 m, 17. VII. 2003, Liang Zhang, CAUN200549; 1 ♀, Hubei Shennongjia Wenshui forest farm, 1700–2000 m, 18. VII. 2003, Suran Wu, CAUN200545; 1 ♀, Sichuan Kangding, 2550 m, V. 1982. unknown, CAUN200350; 1 ♀, Sichuan Wenchuan Wolong, 1920 m, 23. VII. 1987, Yanheng Han, CAUN200349; 1 ♀, Yunnan Weixi Pantiange, 2500 m, 25. VII. 1981, Subo Liao, CAUN200352; 1 ♀, Yunnan Lijiang Yuhu, 2750 m, 23. VII. 1984, Changfang Li, CAUN200351; 1 ♀, Yunnan Zhongdian county Chongjianghe, 1800 m, 6. VIII. 1984, Dajun Liu, CAUN200353; 1 ♀, Gansu Wen county Qiujiaba, 2350 m, 22. VII. 1999, Jie Yao, CAUN200354. Distribution. China: Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu; Japan.

Acknowledgements

The researching is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272353) and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (2014QT004).

References

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