Zootaxa 3941 (3): 375–390 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:04201E27-FC81-4802-8AD0-FCB1BB6274CF Synopsis of subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 in China (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) JIE ZHANG 1, MINGXIA SUN 2 & XINLI WANG 1, 3 1Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 2Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 3Corresponding author. E-mail:[email protected] Abstract A synopsis of the subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) is presented. One new synonyms is proposed. Protidricerus palliventralis Yang, 1999 syn.n. is a junior synonym of Protidricerus elwesii (McLachlan, 1891). Two genera and eight species are redescribed and illustrated, and keys to the genera and species are presented. Key words: Owlfly, Idricerus, Protidricerus, new synonym Introduction The subfamily Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) has as its diagnostic character: eyes entire, without a transverse furrow. Nearly 100 species in 27 genera of the subfamily Haplogleniinae have been reported in the world, and are distributed mainly in South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar and the Americas (Tjeder 1992). To date, only a few species of Haplogleniinae have been recorded from northern hemisphere. No species of Haplogleniinae have been found in Australia. So far three genera are reported in Asia: Protidricerus, Idricerus and Ptyngidricerus. Before our study 5 species of Idricerus and 5 species of Protidricerus were reported in China. We found a synonym relationship among them. As a result, five species of Idricerus and four species of Protidricerus were recognized in China. Material and methods Terminology of wing venation follows Wang et al. (2003), while genitalia terminology follows Tjeder (1977). Photographs of morphological characteristics were taken with a Canon EOS 500D digital camera connected to an Olympus U-CTR30-2 microscope, using UV-C (Application Suite) applied software by United Vision Ltd. Photographs of habitus were taken by a Nikon COOLPIX4500 digital camera. All figures were processed in Adobe Photoshop CS5. All specimens examined are deposited in the Insect Collections of China Agricultural University (ICCAU), Beijing, China. Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853 Haplogleniidae Newman, 1853: 199. Type genus: Haploglenius Burmeister, 1839. Olophthalmi Lefèbvre, 1842: 6. Holophthalmi McLachlan, 1871: 230. Holophthalminae Weele, 1908: 26. Holoftalmos Navás, 1912: 205. Accepted by M. Ohl: 9 Mar. 2015; published: 1 Apr. 2015 375 Neuroptyngini Schroeder, 1925: 838. Verticillecerinae Orfila, 1949: 188. Neuroptynginae Handlirsch, 1936. Episperchinae Stange, 1967: 62. Ascaloptynginae MacLeod, 1970: 155. Haplogleniinae Newman, 1853: Tjeder & Waterston, 1977: 87. Diagnosis. Eyes entire, not divided by a transverse furrow; antennae longer than or equal to 1/2 length of forewing. Distribution: South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, America. Key to the Chinese genera of Haplogleniinae 1 Forewing and hind wing with 2 rows of cells in apical area, forewing axillary angle usually strong projecting. Idricerus - Forewing and hind wing with 3 rows of cells in apical area, forewing axillary angle absent or somewhat projecting . Protidricerus Idricerus McLachlan, 1871 Idricerus McLachlan, 1871: 240. Type-species: Ascalaphus decrepitus Walker, 1860; by original designation. Diagnosis. Wings narrow and elongated, slightly wider in central portion; apical area narrow with two rows of cells; pterostigma short. Forewings axillary angle blunt, usually projected. Antennae long, reaching 1/2 to 2/3 length of forewing. Head wider than thorax. Spur of hind tibiae incurved, as long as 1st and 2nd tarsomere. *Key to Chinese species of Idricerus 1 Forewing axillary angle not projecting, CuA2 long, about equal with two crossveins . I. xianganus - Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein . 2 2 Wings densely covered yellowish brown speckles along veins, stigma dark brown . .I. decrepitus - Wing membranes unpigmented, stigma pale yellow. .I. sogdianus *excluding I. weelei Idricerus decrepitus (Walker, 1859) (Figs. 1–6) Ascalaphus decrepitus Walker, 1860: 197. Idricerus decrepitus McLachlan, 1871: 240. Diagnosis. Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Wings densely covered yellowish brown speckles along veins, stigma dark brown. Measurements. Male: body length 28–30 mm, abdomen length 16–17 mm, antenna length 24–26 mm, forewing 32–35 mm, hind wing 28–31 mm. Female: body length 27–28 mm, abdomen length 15–16 mm, antenna length 25–26 mm, forewing 38 mm, hind wing 33–34 mm. Head. Wider than thorax. Vertex light brown, with white and grey long hairs Frons red-brown. Genae with white long hairs. Clypeus and labrum yellow. Mandible apex dark-brown. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellow. Eyes grayish yellow with dense dark color spots and stripes, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae alternating between pale yellow and brown, terminal pyriform. Thorax. Pronotum black, anterior and posterior margin yellow. Mesonotum and metanotum black. Pleuron with long grey setae. 376 · Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press ZHANG ET AL. FIGURES 1–6. Idricerus decrepitus. 1. Male, dorsal view. 2. Male genitalia, lateral view. 3. Male genitalia, ventral view. 4. Female, dorsal view 5. Female terminalia, lateral view. 6. Female terminalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: ep = ectoprocts; ga = gonarcus; pa = parameres; plt =pelta; pv = pulvini; dv = distivalvae; id = interdens; lg = linguella; vv= ventrovalvae. SYNOPSIS OF SUBFAMILY HAPLOGLENIINAE Zootaxa 3941 (3) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 377 Wings. Forewing narrow and elongate, basal area with distinct axillary angle, the distal margin of axillary angle concave. Veins alternating between pale and dark, wings mottled. Pterostigma dark brown, with 3–4 crossveins, apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 4–5 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing narrow and elongated, slightly shorter than the forewing, apical area with 2 rows of cells, CuA2 short, equal about one crossvein. Legs. Bright black, with long, white and black bristles. Femora and tibia proximally and distally yellow, spurs and claws reddish-brown. Tibial spur reaching to end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Shorter than hind wing. Tergite black, some parts light color; sternite black, some specimens with white part, and sparse white long hairs. Terminalia and Genitalia. Male (Figs. 2–3). Ectoprocts oval; gonarcus wide vaulted; parameres thin and positioned near distal margin, broad and divergent basally; pelta present; pulvini broad, with setae. Fmale (Figs. 5–6). Ventrovalvae blade-shaped, with interdens; linguella small distivalvae nearly oval. Material examined. 1 ♂, China, Tibet Zhangmu port, 8. VI. 1981, Shenglv Hu, CAUN200362. 1 ♂, Tibet Zhangmu Friendship Bridge, 17. IV. 1981, Shenglv Hu, CAUN200363. 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 20. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200360, CAUN200365; 1 ♀, Tibet Jilong, 22. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200366; 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 28. VI. 1984, Zhaoxing Yan, CAUN200361; 1 ♂, Tibet Jilong, 25. VI. 1984, Qiong Pu, CAUN200364. Distribution. China: Tibet; North India, Turkmenistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Kashmir. Idricerus sogdianus McLachlan, 1875 (Figs. 7–9) Idricerus sogdianus McLachlan, 1875: 2. Diagnosis. Forewing axillary angle projecting, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Wing membranes unpigmented, stigma pale yellow. Measurements. Female: body length 35 mm, abdomen length 20 mm, antenna length 30 mm, forewing 41 mm, hind wing 37 mm. Male: unknown. Head. Slightly wider than thorax. Vertex black, with dense white and grey long setae. Frons brown, with long white setae. Genae brown, with white and grey long setae. Clypeus and labrum yellow, terminal of labrum with a row of yellow setae. Mandible brown with black apex. Maxillary palpus and labial palpus yellow with brown apex, with black short hairs. Eyes black with inaurate pattern, entire, no transverse furrow. Antennae alternating between brown and yellow, terminalbed apex pyriform and with black short setae. Thorax. Black, with dense white and grey long setae. Mesoscutellum with one red brown transverse striation. Metanotum with one yellow transverse striation. Wings. Forewing narrow and elongated, with distinct axillary angle, the distal margin of axillary angle concave. Veins brown except Sc alternating between black and yellow. Pterostigma yellow, with 4 crossveins. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, Cubital area with 5–6 rows of cells in the longest central across row. Hind wing slightly shorter than the forewing. Veins brown except Sc alternating between black and yellow. Pterostigma color light, with five crossveins. Apical area with 2 rows of cells, CuA2 short, about equal with one crossvein. Legs. Femora brown, with white setae and black bristles. Tibia yellow except middle part with one brown narrow ring, with black bristles. Tarsomere yellow with brown terminal. Spurs and claws red brown. Spur reaching end of 2nd tarsomere. Abdomen. Short than hind wing. Tergite black, each segment terminal with red brown narrow edge. Terminalia and Genitalia: Female (Figs. 8–9). Ventrovalvae blade shape, interdens present; linguella weakly sclerotized, distivalvae nearly oval. Male. Unknown. Material examined.