E328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 26, 1997 much more than a mediator: this man of LECTURE BY JOSE´ RAMOS-HORTA er and alone. Some of our good friends have peace has also become a rallying point for passed away from this Earth. Denis Freney, his sorely tried people, a representative of Michelle Turner, Michel Robert, Carlos their hope for a better future. The love his HON. PATRICK J. KENNEDY Vilares, the little and beautiful Sarah Taylor people feel for this mediator springs from OF RHODE ISLAND whom God took away at age 15. We will re- certain fundamental principles he has ad- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES member them for ever. hered to. Show the people respect. Give them Wednesday, February 26, 1997 ANGOLA, CAPE VERDE, GUINEA-BISSAU, MOZAMBIQUE, SA˜ O TOME´ AND PRINCIPE freedom to develop their humanity to the Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. Speak- full. Then ask them whether they want to be My special greetings of friendship and eter- er, in honor of Mr. Jose Ramos-Horta's visit to nal gratitude to my good friend, President Indonesians, Portuguese, or independent. Washington, DC, the week of February 24, Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique, for having Bishop Belo shares with his people the in- taken the trouble to fly to Oslo to be with sight of the oppressed, an insight deeper 1997, I ask permission to include in the RECORD the Nobel Lecture of Jose Ramos- us. than that of generals or oppressors. Why all You have been with us in our most lonely this brutality? It does not even serve its pur- Horta before the Norwegian Nobel Committee years when the rest of the world pretended pose. You do not gain respect if you do not on December 10, 1996. we did not exist or offered us advice on how show respect. THE NOBEL LECTURE GIVEN BY THE NOBEL best to surrender. From this noble rostrum I PEACE PRIZE LAUREATE 1996 JOSE´ RAMOS- bow to your late predecessor, Samora Moise´s This year has seen the commemoration, HORTA Machel, one of the greatest men Africa has forty years on, of the Soviet Union’s brutal My deepest appreciation goes to the Nobel known. crushing of the popular rising in Hungary in Committee for having chosen us for the 1996 My special greetings and deepest gratitude 1956. The West did not intervene. Since Hun- Nobel Peace Prize. Your generosity in think- to Presidents Jose´ Eduardo dos Santos of gary lay within the Soviet sphere of interest, ing of the wretched of the earth, and your Angola, Mascarenhas Monteiro of Cape it was necessary ‘‘Realpolitik’’ to accept the courage in standing up to the might of Verde, Nino Vieira of Guinea-Bissau, and invasion. We would do well to recall that at States, the cynicism and indifference of too Miguel Trovoada of Sa˜ o Tome´ and Principe that time, a marking of the event forty many, betrayal by some, tells also a lot for their friendship and generosity. years later in a free Hungary lay beyond the about the soul and history of courage of this Your peoples and countries have been with us through our lonely years and I believe bounds of what most people thought pos- great country of yours that fought bravely that you will be with us still in the years to sible. It has been said that Indonesia’s an- during World War II. come. nexation of East Timor is a historic fact. But In recent years Norway has played a central role in fostering dialogue and peace To the people of Angola who have suffered history has never established anything as a among historical enemies. In the Middle beyond imagination and are still in a painful fact forever. History always moves on. If we East and Central America, your discreet na- process of national reconciliation, I extend have learned anything in the past decade, it ture, determination and creativity have our solidarity and friendship. must be that the most repressive regimes are proven that some of the world’s seemingly Angola paid a heavy price for the libera- the most fragile. There are forces in history intractable conflicts can be resolved when tion of Namibia and South Africa. Yet there more powerful than the strongest military there is an honest mediator and when the has not been enough recognition of the enor- force. Violence and terror do not lead to parties in the conflict are willing to end the mous contribution that the two lusophone peace. Not until one builds up the courage to war. countries. Angola and Mozambique, gave to the liberation of Southern Africa. break out of the vicious circle of violence do Small countries like Norway, Costa Rica opportunities arise for an enduring peace. and Portugal, and others, can succeed in me- PORTUGAL diating conflicts when mighty powers failed. I wish to state from this august rostrum The right to live, the right to full develop- Diplomacy and mediation are not preroga- the eternal gratitude of the people of East ment as human beings, the right to respect, tives of the major powers. The small and me- Timor and my own to the people of Portugal, are at the heart of the concept of human dium-size countries without ambitions to a the President, our good friend Dr. Jorge rights. Since the award of the Nobel Peace neo-imperial role and whose strength is Sampaio and his predecessor, Dr. Ma´ rio Prize for 1960 to Albert Luthuli, work for there moral integrity are best placed to open Soares, a man of principles and compassion. human rights has been one of the principal dialogue among the parties in a conflict. Through Your Excellency, Mr. President, I humbly ask you to convey to your wonderful criteria for the award. We have constantly THE EAST TIMORESE CHURCH received confirmation that this was the right and generous people, members of Parliament The real winner of the 1996 Nobel Peace and government, past and present, our most path to take, although the choice of this cri- Prize is our spiritual leader, Dom Carlos terion has also been criticized because it al- heartfelt appreciation for your gallant ef- Filipe Ximenes Belo. He is the embodiment forts in support of our struggle. legedly has nothing to do with peace. But it of the East Timorese people’s resilience, For many years you fought a lonely battle is precisely in forging a close link between moral rectitude, dignity and identity, and its in the European Union against the indiffer- the human rights criterion and peace that long quest for peace and freedom. In Dom ence and even hostility of some of your part- we believe we are realizing that criterion’s Carlos the people of East Timor have found ners. You have shown not only to us the East most universal and most fundamental as- spiritual comfort and some sense of security Timorese but to other smaller nations in the pects. Peace, stability and harmony must be from the daily threats to their very exist- world that principles and morality have not based on mutual respect. That, so simple and ence. been taken over completely by mercantile so universal, is the message. Once it has been The people of East Timor owe almost ev- interests. erything to their Church. Hence, the 1996 heard, the next step is to institutionalise the BRAZIL Nobel Peace Prize is a tribute to the whole respect, in various ways according to cul- church, the courageous priests, nuns and lay I recently visited Brazil and was warmly tural traditions. Violence, on the other hand, workers and the people of East Timor. welcomed by everyone. I humbly ask Presi- ´ systematic violence on the part of those in My share of the Nobel Peace Prize will go dent Jose Sarney to convey to President Fer- power, can never be justified within the entirely to a foundation to be called Peace nando Henrique Cardoso and through him to framework of a universal concept of human and Democracy Dom Martinho da Costa all the people of Brazil our admiration and rights. That is a fact to which the victims of Lopes. I know this is too small a tribute to affection for your great country and people. violence could testify. Never forget to listen this great man who gave his life to his My warmest greetings to Betinho, Dom ´ ˆ to the voice of the victims, the voice of the church and people. Paulo Evaristo and Dom Helder Camara, the conscience of the poor of Brazil and the nearly two hundred thousand whose lives THE SOLIDARITY MOVEMENT world. were lost in massacres or from the hunger I would like also to express my gratitude Your Majesties: This speech belongs to and want which resulted from the Indonesian to three organizations that in the past someone else who should be here today. He is invasion of East Timor. honoured my people with less well-known an outstanding man of courage, tolerance This year’s two Peace Prize Laureates, awards but with equal importance for our and statesmanship. Yet, this man is in pris- Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo and Jose´ Ramos- people. To Professor Thorof Rafto Human on for no crime other than his ideas and vi- Horta, have labored tirelessly, and with Rights Foundation from Bergen, Gleitsman sion of peace, freedom and dignity of his peo- Foundation, from California, and the Un- great personal sacrifice, for their oppressed ple. Represented Nations and Peoples Xanana Gusma˜ o, leader of the people of people. Under extremely difficult conditions, Organisation (UNPO) based in The Hague, East Timor, remains incommunicado in a they have preserved their humanity and goes my profound gratitude. prison thousands of miles away from his faith in the future. It is in admiration of With the men, women and children in country. His trial in 1993 was universally their work and in the hope for a better fu- many parts of the world who have given us condemned as a charade and was no more ture for East Timor that the Norwegian so many years of their lives I wish to share valid than the Dutch imprisonment and trial Nobel Committee today honors them with this moment of joy. Without the generous of the late President Sukarno, founding fa- the Nobel Peace Prize for 1996. solidarity movement we would be even poor- ther of the Indonesian Republic. February 26, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E329

I bow to Xanana and through him to my You might recall a picture that made head- THE RIGHT OF PEOPLES TO SELF- good friend Nino Konis Santana, David Alex, lines in the spring of 1975. I refer to the pic- DETERMINATION Tahur Matan Ruak, Fernando Arau´ jo and all ture of an American helicopter landing on From the Chittagon Hill Tracts in Ban- East Timorese prisoners of conscience in the rooftop of the US Embassy in Saigon to gladesh to Bougainville, Kurdistan, Sri jails in East Timor and Indonesia, to the rescue remaining diplomats, CIA operatives Lanka, India, Tibet, Chechnya, Ogoni, West thousands of victims of torture, widows and and few privileged South Vietnamese stooges Papua, millions of peoples seek to assert orphans. I bow to the memory of Sabalae and as Saigon fell to the Vietcong. Cambodia and their most fundamental rights and if we at- the thousands of our dead. Laos followed. This picture illustrated better tempt to find a common denominator for the Through Xanana, I bow to my people with than a thousand words the ignominious problems I have just listed there is one: the profound respect, loyalty and humility be- American retreat from Indochina. right of peoples to self-determination. cause they are the martyrs, the real heroes In another continent, in the horn of Africa, In most cases the demands are not for se- and peace-makers. the longest reigning US ally, emperor Haile´ cession. They are about their survival as a THE NEW ORDER REGIME AND THE INDONESIAN Selassie´ of Ethiopia, had been overthrown a people with a language and a culture, with PEOPLE year earlier by radical army officers. Fur- their land and environment protected from The East Timorese are not the exclusive ther South, the Portuguese empire had col- rapacious multinationals. Only when these victims of the Indonesian New Order regime lapsed. These events seemed to confirm Lyn- basic demands are not met there has been re- installed in 1965. For more than 30 years, the don B. Johnson’s domino theory which was course to other forms of struggle with an es- Indonesian people have known massacres, the rationale for US intervention in Indo- calation in their demands. imprisonment, torture, ban on writers, jour- china. While self-determination in the de- It was in this geopolitical context that nalists, academics and labour leaders. Mos- colonisation process of the non-self-govern- President Gerald Ford and his Secretary of lems, Catholics, Buddhists and Hindus have ing territories almost always led to inde- State, Henry Kissinger, visited Jakarta in all known their share of repression. The only pendence, this is not the case in most of the early December 1975 as part of an Asian tour non-discriminatory policy of the New Order conflicts of today. The cases of Western Sa- to reassure leaders of the region that the US regime is when it comes to repression. hara and East Timor are the two most sa- I pay tribute to the many tens of thou- would continue to honour its security com- lient failures of decolonisation. In the case sands of Indonesians who died in their own mitments in Asia. of Western Sahara, the United Nations has The invasion of East Timor which took struggle for freedom and democracy, who allowed itself to be a pawn in the machina- place within hours of Ford’s departure from languished in the jails of the New Order, or tions of a minor regional power. Jakarta was a mere footnote in the Cold War were forced into exile in China, Albania, However, the preservation of the terri- events of 1975. Thousands of East Timorese USSR and Western Europe. I met many of torial integrity of a country can be achieved who died in the days, weeks, months and them over the years and shared long hours of only if those in power are sensitive to the years that followed were mere footnotes to conversation about our two people’s suffer- basic demands and aspirations of the many the post-Vietnam and Cold Wars. ing and dreams. indigenous peoples and nationalities that INVIOLABILITY OF COLONIAL BOUNDARIES THE LESSONS OF THE JEWISH HOLOCAUST make up the country. One and a half year before these events, in In 1939, a few months before the out-break Brute force might silence and keep dor- June 1974, I visited Jakarta in my capacity of World War II, Harry Truman read a pas- mant the dreams and aspirations of a people as secretary for Foreign Affairs of the sionate message from President Roosevelt to but the anger simmering for decades will in- Timorese Social Democratic Association, the ‘‘National Meeting for Moral Rearma- evitably resurface and break up the country. that had just been created less than a month ment’’ held in Washington. THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE OF EAST TIMOR TO earlier. I had the privilege of meeting with The same time as the conference delegates SELF-DETERMINATION the then Foreign Minister of Indonesia, Mr. were listening and applauding President The right of the people of East Timor to Adam Malik. After our third round of talks, Roosevelt’s moral speech, 900 Jewish refu- self-determination is widely recognised. Mr. Malik addressed me a letter which read gees on a boat from Germany anchored off Apart from the former Spanish territory of Florida were waiting for a decision from in part: The independence of every country is the Western Sahara, East Timor is the largest Washington as to whether they should find right of every nation, with no exception for non-self-governing territory in the UN GA sanctuary in the US or be sent back. decolonization list which dates back to 1960. Finally, word came that their application the people of (East) Timor; * * * Whoever will govern in Timor in the The UN General Assembly and Security for refugee status had been denied. The des- future after independence can be assured Council have adopted a total of 10 resolu- perate refugees did not convince the morally that the government of Indonesia will al- tions on the question of East Timor all re- courageous delegates to the ‘‘National Meet- ways strive to maintain good relations, affirming this right. ing for Moral Rearmament’’ that they had a friendship and co-operation for the benefit of In its ruling of 30 June 1995 on the Case valid fear of persecution. The 900 men, both countries. Concerning East Timor, Portugal Versus women and children were sent back to Ger- The following year, in April 1975, I again Australia, the International Court of Justice many. Many ended up in Hitler’s death visited Indonesia and met with President stated that the right of self-determination camps. Suharto’s senior adviser, Gen. Ali Murtopo, has an erga omnes character and that the More than half a century after the Jewish to whom I reiterated our collective desire to people of East Timor are entitled to it. holocaust and centuries after the genocide of develop friendly relations with Indonesia. DIALOGUE WITHOUT PRE-CONDITIONS AND THE the indigenous peoples of Australia and the Gen. Murtopo reassured me that Indonesia CNRM PEACE PLAN Americas, the same attitude that has al- harboured no territorial ambitions over East lowed these crimes to take place persist The Israeli-Palestinian peace talks and Timor. However, we soon learned that the today. South Africa’s transition to democracy give word of an Indonesian general or diplomat Opinion-makers and leaders, academics, us renewed hope in that they demonstrate can be broken as easily as it is spoken. writers and journalists who pretend to be ob- that seemingly intractable problems can be Some simple but fundamental issues need jective and neutral in the face of racism and resolved if there is political will and vision to be addressed. Does Indonesia have a valid discrimination, the rape of a small nation by by all involved. historical claim to East Timor? In this room today there are East Timor- a larger power, the persecution of a weaker The current boundary of the Republic of people by a ruthless army must share the ese leaders of every persuasion, some have Indonesia is a product of the Dutch East In- come all the way from East Timor, Portugal guilt. No amount of intellectual arguments dies administration. West New Guinea was will suffice to erase their responsibility. and Australia, and I can speak for all when absorbed by the Republic not because of a I say that we are ready to enter into a proc- Synagogues are still being desecrated. reasonable historical, cultural, ethnic kin- Gypsies are still discriminated. Indigenous ess of dialogue with the Indonesian authori- ship or geographic continuity. The only link ties, under the auspices of the United Na- peoples continue to see their ancestral land that justified the annexation was West New taken over by developers, their culture and tions, without pre-conditions, to explore all Guinea’s brief colonisation by the Dutch. possible ideas towards a comprehensive set- beliefs, and their very existence reduced to a The arbitrary carving up of Africa at the tlement of the conflict. tourist commodity. Berlin Conference can be blamed for some of In 1992, after thorough consultation with Like the Jews and Armenians in the past, Africa’s problems today but respect for the our people in the country, Xanana Gusma˜ o like the Kurdish, Gypsies, Tibetans, Aborig- colonial boundaries, as unfair as most might gave his seal of authority to what is now ines of Australia, Maoris of Aotearoa (New be, has provided some peace and stability known as the CNRM Peace Plan which was Zealand), Kanakis of New Caledonia, the peo- and kept most of Africa, Latin America and formally presented to a meeting of the Euro- ple of Western Sahara, and the Indigenous Asia from disintegrating. peoples of the Americas, the East Timorese Saddam Hussein of Iraq attempted to re- pean Parliament in Brussels on 22 April 1992. The CNRM proposal remains valid as a are a mere footnote of history, an expendable draw the map and rectify what he perceived modest contribution towards finding a solu- people. to be an unfair colonial legacy by invading tion to the conflict. COLD WAR FOOTNOTE Kuwait. Iran has longstanding claims over The conflict in East Timor can be traced Bahrain. In Latin America there are some Phase one—humanitarian phase back to the political context of the Cold interstate territorial disputes as a result of This phase which should take up to two War. perceived unfair border delimitation. years to be fully implemented, would involve E330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 26, 1997 all three parties working with the UN to im- Australia and membership in the South-Pa- Indonesian migrants in East Timor will be plement a wide range of ‘‘confidence building cific Forum. welcome to stay. measures’’, (CBMs) but would not deal with ASEAN AND APEC THE SUHARTO REGIME, ITS ACHIEVEMENTS AND the core of the problem which is the issue of We are conscious of our geography which WHAT IT SHOULD DO self-determination. compels us to co-exist with our neighbours No one can honestly suggest that the 30- These CBMs must include release of all in that part of the world. We will seek mem- year regime of Gen. Suharto has not done prisoners, end of torture and summary exe- bership in ASEAN and APEC within days of good for Indonesia. The record of the past 20 cutions and a drastic reduction in Indonesia our independence. years has been impressive. The Suharto re- troop presence in the territory. gime lifted the Indonesian economy from ex- A ZONE OF PEACE These are some of the ideas which I believe treme poverty to the status of an economic could be implemented immediately without We will not have a standing army. For our tiger. Living standards, literacy, health care loss of face for Indonesia. Its international external security, we will rely on a Treaty of and food production increased to impressive standing would improve significantly and its Neutrality to be guaranteed by the perma- levels. presence in the territory would be less re- nent members of the Security Council. We President Suharto can show leadership by sented, thus relieving a very tense situation. will endeavour with the UN and our neigh- releasing all prisoners, meeting Indonesia’s In view of the time constraints, the full bours to declare our region and the seas sur- greatest living author, Pramoedya Ananta text of this plan is attached to this speech. rounding East Timor a Zone of Peace and Toer, Megawati Sukarnopultri, leader of the Phase two—autonomy, 5 years Development. PDI, daughter of Indonesia’s founding father, Phase two, lasting between five to ten RULE OF LAW the late Bung Karno, Muchtar Pakpahan, In- years, would be a period of genuine political We will endeavour to build a strong demo- donesia’s Lech Walesa, Sri Bintang, George autonomy based on ample powers vested in a cratic state based on the rule of law which Aditjondro, Indonesia’s most decorated envi- local, democratically elected Territorial must emanate from the will of the people ex- ronmentalist. Suharto should talk and listen to the wise People’s Assembly. pressed through free and democratic elec- and most respected Moslem scholar At the end of the second phase, the autono- tions. Abdurramanh Wahid who is here today with mous status of the territory could be ex- HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL us in Oslo. tended by mutual accord. OBLIGATIONS The leaders and militants of the PRD are The East Timorese people, having enjoyed All international human rights treaties among the best children of Indonesia. In- a period of peace and freedom without the will be submitted to the Parliament for rati- stead of hunting them he should invite them presence of the most hated symbol of the oc- fication. to his palace for dialogue about the future. cupation, the army, might accept to con- We believe that human rights transcend tinue this form of association. FOSTERING A DEMOCRATIC AND PEACEFUL boundaries and must prevail over state sov- Conversely, the changing generation, atti- TRANSITION IN INDONESIA ereignty. tudes and perception in Indonesia might re- No country, no matter how rich and en- We will introduce into the school curricu- sult in Indonesia accepting as natural that dowed with natural resources, is an island lum at an early stage starting in the kinder East Timor becomes independent. into itself. In an increasingly smaller world gardens the subject of human rights. and competitive age, where modern elec- Phase three—self-determination We will actively work with like-minded tronic communications break the barriers of If all parties agree that Phase Three countries, NGOs and the media to strengthen silence erected by dictators, Indonesia can- should enter into effect immediately, then the UN human rights machinery. not continue to flout the right of the people the UN begins to prepare a referendum on AMNESTY AND NATIONAL RECONCILIATION of East Timor to self-determination and the self-determination to determine the final East Timorese now serving in the Indo- rule of law in Indonesia. status of the territory. nesian administration in East Timor, the se- The next two to three years will witness a If God willing, East Timor becomes inde- curity forces and police, should not fear an transition in Indonesia. Australia, New Zea- pendent, ladies and gentlemen, allow me to independent East Timor. They will be in- land, the US, Canada and the EU can encour- share with you, our vision for our country’s vited to stay on. Their full and active in- age a peaceful, evolutionary transition with future and role in the region. volvement in running the country will be a discreet yet firm policy of pushing for OUR VISION FOR THE FUTURE necessary to ensure a smooth transition. democratic reforms and rule of law in Indo- East Timor is at the cross-roads of three Our society will not be based on revenge. nesia and for a genuine act of self-determina- major cultures: Melanesian which binds us to Because of its credibility and standing, the tion in East Timor. our brothers and sisters of the South Pacific Catholic Church will be expected to play a THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY region; Malay-Polynesian binding us to major role in the healing process of our soci- We are as determined as we are optimistic Southeast Asia; and the Latin Catholic influ- ety. about our future. To Indonesia and our other ence, a legacy of almost 500 years of Por- In August 1975 too many East Timorese neighbours in the ASEAN we are offering a tuguese colonisation. This rich historical died in a brief but violent civil strife. Many hand of friendship and appealing to them to and cultural existence places us in a unique more died even after the invasion because help us bring peace and freedom to East position to build bridges of dialogue and co- some in the leadership of the movement I be- Timor. operation between the peoples of the region. longed took upon themselves the role of The EU, working with the US, Canada, PORTUGAL judges and executioners. Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Indo- nesia’s partners in ASEAN, can accelerate East Timor will maintain close ties with NATIONAL RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT the on-going dialogue under the auspices of Portugal, a country which colonised us for East Timor is a relatively small country. the UN secretary-general, give it some impe- almost half a millennium has shown an abid- But with an area of 18,899 km2 and a total tus and real substance. ing commitment to our right to self-deter- population of 700,000 (1974 figures), it is at The US Administration is the only major mination. Portugal and East Timor will be least equal to, if not larger, in size and popu- power that has adopted some concrete meas- most valuable partners for ASEAN in its re- lation, than some 40 independent states. It is ures to encourage changes in Indonesia and lations with the EU, Africa and Latin Amer- potentially self-sufficient in most agricul- East Timor. I express here our sincere appre- ica. tural goods, meat and fish. It has large re- ciation to President Clinton for his actions AUSTRALIA AND THE SOUTH PACIFIC serves of oil, natural gas, marble and man- on East Timor and I appeal to him to lend ganese. The majority of the East Timorese resi- his youthful energy and compassion towards The invasion up-rooted thousands of peo- dents outside the country are in Australia. a permanent resolution of the conflict which ple. Properties were abandoned, destroyed or In spite of our sadness over Australia’s role he once described as ‘‘unconscionable’’. sold at unfair prices. This situation will be on East Timor I wish to state here our deep- redressed. A voluntary resettlement plan THE WEST AND ARMS SALES est appreciation to Australia for the shelter, will be effected to allow the many tens of We are not asking that Indonesia be pun- hospitality and generosity shown to our thousands of displaced East Timorese to re- ished with comprehensive economic sanc- thousands of refugees on Australian soil. turn to their ancestral lands. We believe in tions. We believe that economic engagement We appreciate the many representations free education and health care for our peo- with a country can at times foster positive the previous and current governments of ple. The money saved from not having a changes through the development of a demo- Australia have made to impress upon the standing army will be well used in these cratically conscious class. government of Indonesia regarding the areas. With the cooperation of WHO we will However, we find it repulsive that the human rights situation in East Timor. No seek to eradicate malaria, tuberculosis and Western countries that more loudly make other Western country has been more per- other preventable diseases within a decade. rhetorical speeches about human rights are sistent in this regard. the ones that manufacture most weapons We fought together during World War II INDONESIAN MIGRANTS that have killed more than 20 million people and many East Timorese gave their lives for It is estimated that over 100,000 Indo- in the developing world since World War II. our common cause. Now and in the future we nesians are now living in East Timor. Most Land mines, torture equipment, cluster look up to Australia for help. An independ- are poor Indonesians who came to our coun- bombs, chemical weapons are weapons de- ent East Timor will seek close relations with try looking for a better life. signed to inflict pain and death on human February 26, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E331 beings. Most victims are civilians, women peace and democracy. While there is no dis- THE NOBEL LECTURE GIVEN BY and children. How can arms manufacturers, pute that Taiwan is part of China, as long as THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE LAU- weapons designers, plant managers, politi- there is no progress on the issue of peaceful REATE 1996, CARLOS FILIPE cians, who have families of their own whom reunification of the two countries, I believe XIMENES BELO they love, are so insensitive when it comes that the cause of dialogue and peace can best to the suffering of other human beings? be served if Taiwan is granted observer sta- HUMAN RIGHTS AND ‘‘ASIAN VALUES’’ tus in the UN as was the case in the past HON. TONY P. HALL The peoples of Burma, Thailand, the Phil- with South and North Korea, South and OF OHIO ippines, South Korea, and the democracy North Vietnam. After all, China has not ob- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES jected to Taiwan and Hong King joining the movements in China and Indonesia are tell- Wednesday, February 26, 1997 ing the rest of the world that democracy and APEC. human rights are not an invention of the China should listen to the voice of peace Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I would like West. and moderation of the Tibetan people. For to submit for the RECORD the Nobel lecture The thousands of Asians who died in the many years the Tibetan spiritual leader, His given by Bishop Belo upon his acceptance of streets of Manila, Bangkok, Jakarta, Ran- Holiness the Dalai Lama has offered a mod- the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize. I had the honor erate peace proposal to the Chinese authori- goon, Beijing, did not die for a so-called of nominating him for this prestigious award ‘‘Asian value’’ that denies the people of Asia ties to settle the Tibetan conflict. and hope this award will lead to a lasting the basic and fundamental freedoms enjoyed CYPRUS in Europe, Latin America and in an increas- peace in East Timor. ing number of countries in Africa. Cyprus, a shining example of democracy THE NOBEL LECTURE GIVEN BY THE NOBEL SOUTH KOREA and tolerance, remains divided and occupied PEACE PRIZE LAUREATE 1996, CARLOS FILIPE by a NATO ally whose history of aggression XIMENES BELO—Oslo, December 10, 1996. The brave people of Korea who endured and violence is well-known. decades of dictatorship and occupation won ACCEPTANCE SPEECH the struggle for democracy not with guns Recently I received a letter signed by the Your Majesty. but with their tenacity in fighting the troops students of Classes C11 and C22 of Kykko B Dear Members of the Norwegian Noble Com- in the streets of Seoul and Kwangju. Lyceum in Nicosia who wrote: mittee. The South Korean people can also show Your homeland is an occupied country at Honorable Prime Minister. greater courage by being magnanimous and the far end of the ocean. Our homeland lies Excellencies, Ministers. forgive those who have done wrong. Some- partly occupied at the far end of the Medi- Members of Parliament. times in history individuals in power are terranean. We live in a divided city and we Members of the Diplomatic Corps. driven to commit wanton crimes but those cannot cross the dividing line *** Regarded friends. who survive and are in power today should To the students of Kykko B Lyceum I can Distinguished guests. resist the temptation to exact revenge in the only say that like the ancient Armenia you Friends, ladies, and gentlemen. name of justice. too will recover your lost land. ‘‘Nations will proclaim his wisdom, the as- The death sentence must be abolished and sembly will celebrate his praises. If he lives the brave people of Korea should set the ex- THE PROPHETS OF DOOM long, his name will be more glorious than a ample by commuting the death sentence on The world has changed dramatically over thousand others, and if he dies, that will sat- former President Chun Do Hwan. From here the last few years and the theorists of isfy him rest as well.’’—Wisdom 39, 10–11. I appeal to my Korean friends not to exact irreversibility and status quo have been dis- Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I revenge against those who have been de- credited by the collapse of the USSR. start with this biblical passage from the feated. In victory be magnanimous. Book of Wisdom because it expresses with Who would have thought it possible that BURMA deep significance the memory of the man we the great Armenian people, persecuted for remember this day whose esteemed Peace I extend our most heartfelt solidarity to hundreds of years would regain a country Prize bears his name. Today, the tenth of De- the people of Burma and their elected leader, called Armenia? cember, we celebrate the centennial anniver- Nobel Peace Laureate Daw Aung San Suu The entire world conspired against the Eri- sary of the death of a wise benefactor of hu- Kyi, in their struggle for democracy, rule of trean people. Americans, Russians and Cu- manity, a Peace worker, Alfred Nobel. law and human rights. bans all connived against that small nation. Men of competence will never be extin- At a time when some ASEAN rulers are guished from the memory of humanity be- conniving with the SLORC regime to deny Two great nations, Israelis and Palestin- cause his wisdom, his dedication for the im- the people of Burma their democratic vic- ians, who swore eternal hatred have shown provement of humanity, his tenacity for the tory, we must all stand up and redouble our courage and wisdom and began a painful progress of science in favor of mankind, efforts to restore democracy to Burma. process of dialogue. makes people everywhere, all believers, all The US and the EU must be commended In South Africa, former enemies are trying ideologies, feel in one way or another under for their leadership in support of the restora- to rebuild their common home. the obligation of his talents and his bold- tion of democracy in Burma but they must Last but not least, for the prophets of ness. escalate the pressure with additional diplo- doom, for those in government who counsel These men of competence are constantly matic and economic sanctions against the us ‘‘realism’’, allow me to remind them of a disturbing the consciences of those who do SLORC. news item in the ever reliable BBC a few not attend to the improvement of humanity. I also fully endorse the recommendations years ago. For it is a matter of fact that everyone on Burma adopted by the Forum of Demo- It was sometime in early 1991 and I was should contribute by any kind or form so cratic Leaders in the Asia Pacific led by Kim driving from the small Swiss town of Nylon, that mankind become more and more hu- Dae Jung and Cory Aquino in their recent to the Palais des Nations in Geneva, to yet mane. meeting in Manila. another round of futility in a place where What reasons, brought the Catholic Bishop CHINA, TAIWAN, TIBET some diplomats pretend to be too busy to lis- of East Timor to be here in the presence of When the UN SC debated the issue of East ten to real problems of real peoples. this assembly? I come from a social context Timor in 1975 and 1976 China was our closest The BBC was telling us the story of a So- that is already known to your Excellencies, ally and I worked closely with very able Chi- viet cosmonaut who had gone into space a where, due to circumstances, the aspirations nese diplomats. In spite of the indifference of few months earlier on one of those record- and desires of the people are limited. the other four permanent members, China, breaking missions in space. When he was Taking the words from Terentius: ‘‘Homo along with other non-permanent members, blasted off from somewhere in the Soviet sum; humani nihil a me alienum puto.’’— succeeded in pushing the SC to adopt two Union he carried a passport and a national- Terentius 1, 25. resolutions on East Timor. ity granted to him by the most feared mili- As man, as human being, I can not stay in- It is with this feeling of gratitude and ad- tary empire in the world. different in front of what concerns man. miration for China that I appeal to the Chi- As a member of a people, I have to share Once he completed his tour of duty for the nese leaders to listen to their own people’s the destiny of the people, taking upon myself pride of the socialist motherland he prepared opinions and desires for a more open society, completely this mandate, knowing the risks the spacecraft for its return voyage to earth. based on the rule of law, democracy, freedom that such attitude will involve. Striving for But he no longer had a country to return to. of speech. These are after all rights that are the defense of the rights of all peoples is not The mighty empire had ceased to exist. He granted to each Chinese citizen by their own only the privilege of these guiding the des- was forced to circle the earth a few days Constitution. tiny of the people or those enjoying lofty po- longer until people of good will on earth de- Wei Jing Zhen is one of China’s best chil- sitions in society, but it is the duty of every- cided to which country he should go to. dren. He is being wasted away when his tal- one whatever rank or status. ents could best be used in the service of his With this note, I will end with renewed As a member of the Church, I take it upon fellow Chinese people and country. hope that no matter the level of brute force myself the mission of enlightening and de- The people of Taiwan have shown great used against us, our dreams will never die. nouncing all human situations which are in maturity, responsibility and commitment to God bless you all. Thank you. disagreement with the Christian concept and