UEFA EURO 2016 Bid Evaluation Report Introduction

Introduction

The UEFA National Team Competitions provided to each bidder in March 2010 to Committee has been mandated by the UEFA give the candidates another opportunity to Executive Committee to supervise the bid- provide the necessary clarifications. ding procedure for UEFA EURO 2016, includ- The knowledge and quality reflected in all ing the definition of the bid requirements, the three bid dossiers is impressive. The com- participation in the official visits to the bidding mitment, coordination and research that were countries and the drafting of this evaluation necessary to produce documents of this report. excellent standard are meritorious. Numerous On 28 May 2010, the bidding procedure will contributions from all levels of government, come to an end, when one of the candidates from stadium owners and experts, from – Turkey, Italy or France – is appointed by transport companies, as well as from ac- the UEFA Executive Committee to host commodation and tourist organisations UEFA EURO 2016. needed to be obtained and coordinated to The appointment of the host association will produce the dossiers. mark the end of a period of hard work and In April 2010 we travelled, together with excellent cooperation between the three several members of the UEFA administration, bidders and UEFA and will represent the first to each of the bidding countries. Each of milestone in a new era of European national these visits comprised a technical part, during team football, which will, for the first time, see which detailed aspects of the bid require- 24 teams competing for the prestigious Henri ments were discussed and clarified, and an Delaunay trophy in the final tournament of the official part, during which meetings with gov- European Football Championship. ernment officials were held. The presence The three candidates – Turkey, Italy and and support of representatives of the highest France – submitted their bid dossiers to level of government demonstrated the signifi- UEFA on 15 February 2010. The content of cance of this event and the essential backing these dossiers was based on the bid re- available in each country. quirements provided to the candidates on As representatives of the UEFA National 3 April 2009. Along with their bid dossiers, Team Competitions Committee, having the candidates had also to submit the neces- worked closely on this project right from the sary signed bid agreements, namely the start, we fully support the bid evaluations and staging, stadium, host city and airport agree- thank the UEFA administration and appointed ments. experts for their work. While compiling their bid dossiers, the bid- We are pleased to present the overall evalua- ders could rely on constant support from tion report, which is the result of an intensive members of the UEFA administration and evaluation process conducted over the last their appointed experts. Numerous work- few months. The order in which the candi- shops covering the stadium, infrastructure dates are evaluated was determined by a and accommodation requirements, among draw in February 2010. other aspects, were organised in the bidding Gilberto Madail countries. Chairman of the To ensure that the evaluation would be as fair National Team Competitions Committee and objective as possible, a set of assess- ment parameters was defined for each of the Nodar Akhalkatsi, Harry Been sectors. In addition, a list of open points was Members of the National Team Competitions Committee

UEFA EURO 2016 Bid Evaluation Report Turkey

Final and Qualifying Draw Ístanbul

243km Optional 453km Draw location Bursa 149km 232km Ankara

323km Eskişehir 350km 412km 212km 367km Kayseri Ízmir 310km

Optional 323km Draw location Konya 323km Antalya

0 100km 200km

Host City Stadium Net Host City Stadium Net İstanbul Atatürk Olympic Stadium (renewal) 81,106 Ankara New Ankara (new) 41,379 İstanbul Türk Telekom Arena (new) 50,434 Konya New Konya (new) 31,817 Bursa New Bursa (new) 31,700 Kayseri Kadir Has (renewal) 31,816 Eskişehir New Eskişehir (new) 37,072 Antalya New Antalya (new) 41,703 İzmir New Ízmir (new) 41,540

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Host city: İstanbul Stadium name: İstanbul Atatürk Olympic Stadium Net capacity: 81,106 Matches planned: Opening match, group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final Stadium status: Major renovation, completion end 2012 Current owner: Council for the İstanbul Olympic Games Current operator: Council for the İstanbul Olympic Games Investment budget: €49.7 million Teams: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Spor, Turkish Super League in 2009/10 Home base for TFF

Host city: İstanbul Stadium name: Türk Telekom Arena Net capacity: 50,434 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2010 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Galatasaray AŞ Investment budget: €137 million Teams: Galatasaray AŞ, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

Host city: Bursa Stadium name: New Bursa Stadium Net capacity: 31,700 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2014 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €118.6 million Teams: Bursaspor, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

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Host city: Eskişehir Stadium name: New Eskişehir Stadium Net capacity: 37,072 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2014 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €125.1 million Teams: Eskişehirspor, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

Host city: İzmir Stadium name: New İzmir Stadium Net capacity: 41,540 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €153.2 million Teams: Karşıyaka, Turkish first league in 2009/10

Host city: Ankara Stadium name: New Ankara Stadium Net capacity: 41,379 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, semi-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €176.8 million Teams: Ankaragücü, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

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Host city: Konya Stadium name: New Konya Stadium Net capacity: 31,817 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €119 million Teams: Konyaspor, Turkish first league in 2009/10

Host city: Kayseri Stadium name: Kayseri Kadir Has Stadium Net capacity: 31,816 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Kayserispor Investment budget: €19.3 million Teams: Kayserispor, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

Host city: Antalya Stadium name: New Antalya Stadium Net capacity: 41,703 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: General Directorate of Youth and Sports Current operator: Not appointed yet Investment budget: €158.3 million Teams: Antalyaspor, Turkish Super League in 2009/10

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02: UEFA EURO Vision indicates four additional stadiums (two of them, Sanliurfa and Adana, located in the The vision of the Turkish bid to host the final southern part of Turkey; one of them, Trab- tournament of the UEFA European Football zon, in the north-eastern part of Turkey and Championship in 2016 is to organise “a festi- one in Istanbul) as back-up venues. val in celebration of all cultures through the As far as stadium capacities are concerned, a fraternity and friendship found in the game of good mix of smaller and bigger stadiums has football”. Hosting the final tournament for the been proposed, which would allow for some first time in this part of the continent is seen flexibility when drawing up the match sched- as a unique chance to “build a bridge be- ule. The total net stadium capacity adds up to tween Europe and the mystic Orient” and to around 2.339 million spectators. offer a complete new fan experience. The bid is based on strong assets that would help to The proposed match schedule provides a ensure the successful staging of the final good basis for discussion with UEFA, which tournament, such as a distinct football cul- would take the final decision. ture, access to new and interesting markets All things considered, the overall tournament with the potential to increase revenue for concept seems to be well elaborated. European football, a very young population and the country’s status as a top tourist des- tination. 04: Tournament Legacy Turkey’s key motivations are to develop Turkish football, create the best conditions to The long-term benefits have been summa- ensure football excellence in Turkey and offer rised in several categories. For Turkey, foot- a new experience to European football fans. ball is first of all a national affair which has the power to serve as a catalyst for dynamic All things considered, the vision and key growth, through its younger generation, and motivations of the Turkish bid are clear and for modernisation of the country’s general well aligned with UEFA’s long-term strategy. infrastructure, with the full support of the government. On the football side, hosting the final tournament would directly contribute to 03: Overall Tournament Concept the growth of football thanks to completely modernised sports infrastructure. This in- The overall tournament concept includes nine cludes new stadiums as well as new training stadiums in eight host cities (two in Istan- pitches and education centres all over the bul).The proposed venues are attractive and country. “Spectator attendance is expected to all located in the western and central parts of increase by 30 percent in the short term by Turkey, which has the advantage of keeping building new stadiums.” Such an increase distances between the venues to a minimum. would contribute to increased operational The accessibility of the venues and travel profits for the clubs and, therefore, increased times between them would very much de- competitiveness at national and international pend on the realisation of the numerous level. Another long-term benefit would be projects proposed. The bid dossier also improvements at grassroots level through

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several programmes “to achieve higher levels The transport sub-section is specific in its not only in playing the game but also in train- objective of increasing the share of public ing, rules of the game, environmental aware- transport to stadiums to at least 50%. Also ness, healthy nutrition, first aid and fair play”. the measures that would be taken to reduce Finally, hosting UEFA EURO 2016 would the generation of waste are outlined in detail. enable visitors to discover Turkey and its The social responsibility section is very rich in attractive destinations. projects focussed on diversity, inclusion and Turkey's key legacy initiatives include a community development and includes a public relations campaign to promote the final detailed explanation of a volunteer develop- tournament and the country itself. It is also ment programme. The Children's Euro Cup planned to establish a stadium operator project is vividly described with most of the academy to guarantee smooth match opera- projects and initiatives suggested addressing tions at the new venues. a range of social issues. As far as the long-term stadium legacy is One of the challenging aspects of the Turkish concerned, a concept has been provided for bid is the plan to build seven new stadiums, each of the stadiums. They would be used on and specifically to build them and host a regular basis by clubs playing in the first or matches in a sustainable way. In addition, the second division but, looking at current atten- environment section does not include any dance figures in the Turkish football leagues, reporting proposals (statement of intent to some efforts would need to be undertaken to measure indicators or achieve certification ensure higher attendance. based on international reporting standards). To conclude, the long-term benefits have A clearer focus for the community projects been elaborated very precisely and a very would make it easier to define and reach good long-term legacy would seem to be objectives and to have a measurable impact. generated by UEFA EURO 2016. However, The proposed scope of many of these pro- attendance figures would need to be raised in jects does not entirely fit the tournament and the short-term to ensure profitable stadium there is no clear indication of how they would operations. tie in with the Respect campaign currently being used across Europe. To integrate these projects into the tournament, timelines would 05: Social Responsibility and need to be better defined based on experi- Environment ence and lessons learned from previous tournaments. The Turkish bid demonstrates a straightfor- Minimal attention is paid to healthy lifestyle ward, clear and realistic effort to meet all projects and, specifically, healthy eating goals relating to the environment and social initiatives, which would have improved the responsibility. It illustrates well how this as- social responsibility section. More details pect of the tournament could look in 2016 about fan hosting (location of fan embassies and the proposed appointment of a dedicated at strategic places in all host cities, support of department within the local organising com- fan initiatives, and flagship anti-racism and pany adds further credibility. anti-discrimination campaigns during the tournament) would also have been useful.

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06: Political and Economic Football matters in Turkey and there is great Aspects support for UEFA EURO 2016 throughout the population. The "first-time" effect, the pas- sionate people and national pride would help General comment to create extra enthusiasm in Turkey. This is a complete and thorough sector in terms of descriptions and content. Very im- Public investment projections portant infrastructure developments are Turkey’s investment plan for hosting the underway or planned. Some of them are event is very high: seven new stadiums are essential for Turkey. foreseen, as well as major public infrastruc- ture developments. Political and football structures Turkey is a parliamentary representative democracy, with an executive power exer- 07: Legal Aspects cised by the prime minister and his cabinet and a unicameral parliament forming the The description of the Turkish legal frame- legislative arm. Together with the legislative work and the explanations on the required system, these structures meet all good gov- topics provided in the bid dossier are com- ernance criteria such as rule of law, separa- plete and generally event-specific. The infor- tion of powers, democracy and inclusiveness, mation provided is considered reliable and and transparency. the current national legislative framework would not constitute a risk for the staging of The centralised character of the Turkish UEFA EURO 2016. government is balanced by locally elected mayors and councils in the municipalities, The political commitment of local and national including the greater municipalities, which authorities towards the event is very high, cover large cities. with the prime minister openly declaring the hosting of UEFA EURO 2016 as a “national Football is the most popular sport in Turkey; it goal”. Turkish Football Association has re- has a long history, but it is only in the last turned all guarantees, signed without any decades that it has developed intensively. restrictions, reservations or notable changes. More than 4,000 clubs are part of the Turkish Football Association and close to 1,000 refe- With respect to intellectual property matters, rees. Almost 3 million amateurs play football the Turkish Football Association has ad- in Turkey. dressed UEFA’s concerns. Since current legislation in this field does not meet all National political and football climate UEFA’s requirements, a draft law has been All major political parties are formally backing developed and presented to UEFA. Subject the Turkish bid. The current government is to the enactment of this piece of legislation, particularly supportive and actively involved. the current risks regarding the event’s com- UEFA EURO 2016 would probably not be at mercial programme would not only be miti- risk if a new government were to come into gated, but the event would be offered a high power. level of protection in the territory of Turkey. It is to be noted that the Government intends to

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lift an existing ban on promotion of alcoholic All stadium projects offer high standards for beverages to allow for commercial exploita- all target groups, including disabled support- tion of the low-alcohol product category. ers, in terms of viewing, seating and welfare facilities. Immigration, visa, work permits and employ- ment law are not matters in which major More importantly, all safety requirements difficulties would be expected that could have been acknowledged in full in the bid, negatively affect the organisation of the although all stadiums would need to provide event. The legal status of volunteer work detailed information as plans further devel- would be clarified if the proposed support oped confirming that evacuation times would legislation were enacted. indeed be met. It has been confirmed that a fence-free stadium bowl concept would be No legal issues of relevance are envisaged implemented. with regard to anti-doping procedures or event insurance requirements. The technical areas of the proposed stadiums are generally in line with the tournament Safety and security does not appear to con- requirements. stitute a challenge from a legal perspective. At certain stadiums adjustments would have The Turkish Football Association has re- to be made to create a good, fluid working turned all agreements duly signed without model for media, in particular with regard to reservations or notable modifications. UEFA the stadium media centre, media box, mixed EURO 2016 could be staged in accordance zone and flash positions, but on the whole with the tournament requirements. the media provisions described are good.

Stadium surroundings 08: Stadiums All but one of the projects would provide Introduction sufficient and flexible space around the sta- dium to meet the UEFA EURO 2016 re- The Turkish bid includes nine stadiums, of quirements to include the hospitality villages which two would require major renovations and broadcast compound within the security and seven would be brand new. A total of €1 perimeter and to provide sufficient parking billion would be invested in stadium infra- facilities for all target groups. Some projects structure, all through full public investment. At would require redistribution of the allocated this stage the Turkish government has guar- spaces, but only one has yet to resolve the anteed 100% of the estimated total invest- issue of sufficient usable parking. ment. The stadium accessibility and public transport Stadium design facilities are generally of a good standard, although some projects would depend on the The documentation in the stadiums sector is timely delivery of planned public transport of a very high standard. Six out of the seven developments. new stadium projects fully meet the UEFA EURO 2016 requirements. There are no orientation issues with any of the stadiums.

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Project management tenant, all but one of which currently play in the highest division. Most projects are based In general the project management proposed on a concept which also includes non-football is of a good standard, with strong coordina- use, which would further contribute to the tion and management at both national and post-EURO legacy. local level and with empowered client teams involved. All stadiums would have an operator in place in time to test the facility with pre-tournament The budgets allocated to the stadium projects events, for which a proper training budget look realistic for the work proposed. For the would be required. Two stadiums would be new stadiums an average of €3,400 per seat operated by the clubs and it is unclear which would be invested, covering fees, site infra- entities or organisations would operate the structure, licensing, etc., but excluding the others. cost of land. Of the nine stadium projects, one is under Conclusion way and eight have yet to commence In general the stadiums sector of the bid put (re)construction work. It is foreseen that three forward by Turkey is professional and of a stadiums would be completed during the last very high standard. In almost all areas the two quarters of 2014 and six by July 2014. requirements are met. During the renovation of one stadium, the The deliverability is generally very good, with home club would continue to play its domes- seven new stadiums proposed, all funding in tic (and possibly European) matches at place and guaranteed, and no apparent home, which would make the work more issues with regard to schedules. complicated and time consuming, create programming difficulties and possibly affect It would be essential that the high standards the delivery deadline. There would appear to offered in the bid documents were maintained be no issues regarding the deadlines of the during the execution of all projects. other projects, provided construction work started according to the schedules proposed. All the new stadium project sites are new 09: Ground Transport sites for which all supporting site infrastruc- ture and services would also need to be International ground transport delivered. accessibility Ground transport would play a limited role in Stadium operations Turkey’s international accessibility due to its The total gross capacity offered amounts to peripheral geographical position in Europe. 412,475, with an estimated total net capacity Consequently, air transport would be of key of 388,567. This represents 94% of the gross importance for UEFA EURO 2016. The only capacity and would be likely to further de- significant ground transport exceptions are a crease once the designs were finalised. new motorway to northern Greece and a planned high-speed rail link to Bulgaria. Apart from the stadium for the final, all the stadiums proposed would have an anchor

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Intercity accessibility Without these new ground transport links, particularly high-speed rail links, the ability of During the last decade, Turkey has consid- Bursa, Eskisehir, Konya and Kayseri to host erably increased its rail network and its mo- UEFA EURO 2016 would be at great risk. torway network has almost tripled during the same time frame. City transport and stadium accessibility This major national transport infrastructure Major municipal urban transport investments investment is continuing, involving seven are planned in all eight proposed host cities, motorway projects (estimated investment of amounting to a total of €7.1 billion, with a €14.7 billion for 2,100km) and seven high- predominant €5.4 billion share in Istanbul. speed railway projects (estimated investment Istanbul and Ankara plan to connect their of €5.4 billion for 2,600km of new double- stadiums to extended high-capacity under- track lines). The total national investment in ground railways. The other six proposed host ground transport would be €20.1 billion. All of cities (except Bursa, whose stadium is in the these projets are classified by the ministry of city centre) have new tramway lines pro- transport and comminications as top priorities posed to serve the new outlying stadiums, as for completion in time for the tournament. well as improvements in road access to the Bursa, Eskisehir, Konya and Kayseri – four stadiums. Often tramway capacities seem to proposed host cities with weak airports – be overestimated and larger numbers of would benefit from new motorway and high- shuttle busses would be needed between the speed rail connections to either Istanbul or stadiums and city centres/airports. In some Ankara: cases, such as Antalya, the stadium tramway also serves the airport. • Bursa to be connected to Istanbul by high- speed rail (1hr 30mins) and motorway (2 As far as stadium accessibility is concerned, hrs). the stadiums in Bursa and Ankara are located in the city centre and could benefit from • Eskisehir to be linked to Ankara by exist- pedestrian accessibility. The other stadiums ing high-speed rail (1hr 15mins) and a new are located in peripheral areas and, since motorway (1hr 50mins). most are situated on large plots of land, • Konya to be connected to Ankara by high- accessibility would be provided on three or speed rail (1hr 15mins compared to 8hrs four sides. In general, large car parking areas at present) and a renovated expressway are planned, as are bus parking facilities. (2hrs 30mins). Overall ground transport assessment • Kayseri to be linked to Ankara by high- speed rail (2hrs compared to 7hrs at pre- At present two proposed host cities (with sent). three stadiums between them) fully exceed the benchmark. These are Istanbul and An- The high-speed train schedule planned for kara, the only two proposed host cities cur- UEFA EURO 2016 would require numerous rently connected by motorway. The other six additional trains to handle the intensive inter- are straddling the benchmark. However, if at city demand. least 40% of the national motorway and high- speed rail plans were delivered by 2016, all

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proposed host cities would well exceed the pected to be close to their maximum capacity benchmark. This means that Bursa, Eskise- in 2016. Based on this assumption, both hir, Izmir, Konya, Kayseri and Antalya would airports could face challenges in coping fully have the required ground transport perform- with additional UEFA EURO 2016 air travel ance, assuming the airport accessibility were demands since their respective stadiums are also adequate (see sector 10). rather large and a substantial number of matches, including a quarter-final in Izmir and The quality of the documents provided in the a semi-final in Ankara, are planned there. In bid dossier is high. The sector is well organ- addition, Ankara Esenboga would have to ised, documented and illustrated. High-quality serve as a back-up airport for Eskisehir, maps and corresponding tables aid under- Konya and Kayseri, as all three would be standing. connected to Ankara by high-speed railways in 2016. Therefore both Izmir and Ankara airports would have to seek additional capaci- 10: Airports ties to be in a position to deliver the air travel services expected for UEFA EURO 2016. Airport capacities The four remaining airports currently do not Due to its peripheral position in Europe and meet the UEFA EURO 2016 requirements the lack of direct motorway and high-speed and would need to be supported by other rail links across the Balkans to central and airports: Bursa by Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen western Europe, Turkey would have to rely International Airport (link by new motorway heavily on international medium and long- and high-speed rail), Eskisehir and Konya by distance air travel. To meet the tournament Ankara Esenboga (links by new high-speed requirements, 40% or more of the proposed rail), and Kayseri by Nevsehir Airport and host cities’ net stadium capacities would need Ankara Esenboga. to be handled by airports on matchdays. Following liberalisation measures in 2002, air Airport connections with city centre traffic in Turkey has increased considerably. and stadium Domestic air traffic has more than doubled Istanbul (two airports), Izmir, Konya and over the last 5 years (from 20 million to 41 Antalya have already linked their airports to million passengers a year) and international an urban rail network or plan to do so within air traffic has increased by 26% (from 35 the next six years. With the exception of million to 44 million passengers a year). Ankara, the other airports are much smaller Three airports have fully satisfactory current and are connected by bus to the city centres and future capacities with regard to 2016 and stadiums. It is unclear why Ankara Esen- general background traffic and additional boga is not linked to the Ankara metro sys- UEFA EURO 2016 surges in demand. These tem, high-speed rail hub or bus rapid transit are Istanbul Ataturk International Airport, to the city centre. Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen International Airport and Antalya International Airport. Two other airport hubs of Turkey – Ankara Esenboga and Izmir International – are ex-

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Night flights Existing accommodation – overall market capacity and quality Turkey has produced all the relevant docu- ments to guarantee night flight allowances Istanbul and Antalya could easily accommo- according to UEFA’s requirements. date all target groups, including fans. In addition, Ankara and Izmir could potentially Overall airports assessment host most target groups, including fans, When taking into account airport transport within a reasonable distance. The situation in only, two cities and three stadiums fully meet the remaining four cities is critical, especially the tournament needs: Istanbul and Antalya. in Eskisehir and Konya. The feasibility for The other six are below the benchmark. The these cities to host UEFA EURO 2016 international and national accessibility of four matches is very much dependant on accom- of these cities would depend on the devel- modation expansion plans and the develop- opment of intercity motorway and high-speed ment of relevant transport infrastructure rail connections (see sector 09) and on ca- (highways and high-speed trains). An im- pacity increases at both Izmir and Ankara pressive number of accommodation projects, international airports. backed by the Turkish government, have been proposed in the bid dossier. In addition, as schools would be closed at the time of the final tournament, a large number of student 11: Accommodation and dormitories would be made available in all Training Centres cities to provide additional beds for fans.

Overall situation When it comes to UEFA’s key target groups, Istanbul, Antalya, Ankara, Izmir and Bursa Turkey is a well-established tourist destina- could meet UEFA’s requirements. In Eskise- tion that has doubled its number of foreign hir, Kayseri and Konya, the capacity is bor- visitors over the last ten years (more than 26 derline or insufficient to cover UEFA’s re- million), ranking it among the top ten destina- quirements, even if three-star properties are tions in the world. All tourist activities are the included, but the proposed development responsibility of the ministry of culture and plans would resolve this and solutions could tourism and, for certain domains, that of the also be found in an extended area involving district municipalities. In term of its rating medium or long-distance travel. Neverthe- system, Turkey has a two-tier hotel ranking: less, it must be noted that a potential risk to one based on the international standard (one event operations exists in Eskisehir, Kayseri to five stars), managed by the ministry of and Konya, should the accommodation and culture and tourism, and one local system, transport development plans not be material- managed by the municipalities. The ministry ised. of culture and tourism has signed the neces- sary guarantee and certified that the informa- The proposed international broadcast centre tion provided in the bid dossier is accurate. is located in Istanbul, where there is sufficient capacity available and UEFA’s requirements No major simultaneous events are reported would be met. which could negatively impact UEFA’s exploi- tation of the hotel market capacity.

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Secured accommodation for UEFA’s proposed, as well as one referees’ base key target groups camp, all of which are within easy reach of an airport. Most of the proposals are located in Based on the signed hotel forms received, the greater Antalya region with a few in and the level of secured accommodation is in line around Konya, Eskisehir and Kayseri. with UEFA’s expectations in Antalya, Bursa and Istanbul, although for the final in Istanbul The majority of the proposed hotels are of the an extra effort would need to be undertaken required standard and have the appropriate to fully reach the target. In Kayseri, the mini- leisure facilities. There are a lot of large mum requirements would be reached by hotels with high room capacities, however, including hotels located more than 50km from which could be challenging with regard to the the stadium. In Eskisehir and Izmir, the mini- privacy required for the teams. mum requirements are nearly reached. In All training grounds are within the requested Ankara, only half of the required capacity has distance of the corresponding hotel. The been secured to date but, due to the city’s overall standard in terms of facilities (dress- good accommodation infrastructure, there ing rooms, floodlights, etc.) appears to be would be a good chance of reaching the good. Thirteen of the proposals have stands target at a later stage. In Konya, only half of with the requested capacity of 2,000 seats; it the required capacity has been secured and may be that temporary facilities would be as the overall capacity of the city is low, the required at the others. situation here would remain challenging. In certain cities (mainly Istanbul and Antalya), the same number of secured rooms could be achieved with fewer properties if a better 12: Technology Infrastructure commitment were received from the hotels. Turkey has delivered a solid technology Generally speaking, it appears that the hotel infrastructure sector that shows it collected all market is committed to this event. its information from the several companies involved in this area. Consolidation was Hotel rates limited and the information originally provided Based on the reservation forms received and in the bid dossier was not always clear or the best internet rates available in June 2010 complete, but additional information and (midweek), it can be stated that the hotel commitments from private and public organi- rates in all cities appear to be well below sations have since been provided. UEFA’s requirements, although certain five- Regarding competition, Turkey has an open star properties in Istanbul are around UEFA’s but regulated market. The liberalisation proc- maximum. It is important to note that the ess is still very recent, but there are now reported rates may have been positively several providers on the Turkish telecommu- affected by the worldwide financial crisis. nications market that could make the neces- sary infrastructure improvements to host Team base camps UEFA EURO 2016. In addition, the competi- The bid dossier is well prepared. 48 team tive environment in the Turkish telecommuni- base camps (composed of a team hotel and cations markets is expected to continue to a corresponding training ground) have been evolve, allowing this sector to offer a wider

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range of not only telecom services, but also Based on the current set up and layout fur- traditional information and communication ther discussions with the operator would be technologies. necessary. In particular the exact area that would be offered and the relevant technical The existing infrastructure meets the current specifications of that area including weight needs of the country. In mobile communica- bearing and ceiling height. tions in particular, Turkey is very well devel- oped. International connectivity is also suffi- The indicated costs seem to reflect the mar- cient to meet the country’s needs, and up- ket, but further discussions would again be grades are already foreseen. helpful to determine the services which are included. For UEFA EURO 2016, the terrestrial infra- structure would need to be developed further, but the relevant parties have pledged to complete the necessary improvements and 14: Fan Zones have guaranteed investment. Constant up- Some of the proposed host cities have re- grades are already under way. markable experience in holding major inter- Telecom providers in Turkey do not provide national sports events (e.g. UEFA Champi- broadcasting services themselves, however ons League final, Universiade, Formula 1), or there are other companies active in the Turk- major public entertainment events. ish market that have the skills and experience The fan zone concept is well understood and to do so. Regarding the portfolio of services features certain exceptional and scenic sites to be delivered, from voice to audio and video (e.g. Çatladıkapı Coast Park in Istanbul). broadcast, Turkey cannot provide an overall solution using one single telecom provider, but alternatives are available on the market and the resources of several companies 15: Safety and Security could be combined. Strategy and vision Overall, certain infrastructure upgrades would be required to meet the specific requirements The strategies underpinning the Turkish bid of UEFA EURO 2016, but the existing infra- are said to be "security through cooperation" structure and strong commitment and support and an upbeat, service-oriented philosophy from the authorities make this a low risk supporting the tournament slogan "like never sector. before". There is an emphasis on creating a common stadium safety and security concept across Turkey in support of this. This in- cludes a continuation of the 2005 stadium 13: International Broadcast licensing project, new binding safety and Centre security regulations, specific new legal measures relating to stewarding and private The facilities presented for the proposed security at football events and a common set international broadcast centre are of a high of stadium rules for the tournament. These standard and completely new, having been are all assessed as positive and necessary completed in 2009. The location is very good and close to the city.

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measures to improve the environment for all Plans in the areas of counterterrorism, public target groups. health and supporter empowerment are positive elements, and reference is made to a Details are provided of the project manage- common policing profile and the implementa- ment structure which could be set up to im- tion of the 3D philosophy. Reference is also plement the safety and security strategy, with made to Turkey’s commitment to international reference made to the objective of integrating police cooperation and the role of the national internal and external stakeholders and part- football information points. Effective links to ners. In general terms, information is pro- other existing pan-European structures and vided on how the overall vision and strategy guidance would require further discussion. would be achieved and the organisational structure at strategic, coordination and opera- How the proposed integrated approach would tional levels is defined. This includes details actually work would also require further on public-private interface structures. De- specification, although there are plans for tailed information on how the concept would joint training of police and private agencies in become reality would be required in due the run-up to the event. course. Action plans, project management Risk analysis and budget In respect of risk analysis, the relevant In respect of action plans, there is a brief documentation reproduces the risk categories outline of a project management structure outlined in the tournament requirements. The which acknowledges the obligation to adopt strategies for minimising these risks would such a framework. The bid contains a dia- require further discussion, and a consistent gram outlining the basic planning levels, and methodology would need to be applied, in- milestones are defined in general terms. cluding a ranking and assessment of the There is a non-exhaustive list of action set likelihood or estimated incidence of risks. out, which is a positive step. Key action in- cludes the revision of legislation, the estab- Capabilities lishment of an effective national organisa- The assessment of capabilities section is tional structure and the appointment of a concise. It refers to Turkey’s experience in national safety and security coordinator. successfully hosting major sports events Details of the public and private safety and including UEFA Champions League and security budget for UEFA EURO 2016 are UEFA Cup finals. There is a clear commit- provided. ment to further enhance current standards in line with recognised European best practice. The bid document represents general state- 16: Host Country and ments of intent across the spectrum of capa- City Promotion bilities. Further details on how the objectives would be achieved would be required from The Turkish proposal is interesting, with a each partner. Further realistic assessments large number of initiatives, most of which are of current levels of competence would also centralised. No indication is given of each be required. city's programme. The creation of a promo-

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tion agency for 2016 to coordinate the differ- 18: Pre-Tournament Events ent initiatives is a good idea, provided it complies with the marketing guidelines estab- Four proposals were submitted: One in Istan- lished by UEFA. bul and one in Ankara for the qualifying draw, The promotional ideas are good. The pro- and one in Istanbul and one in Antalya for the posals linked to revenue generation, how- final draw. The venues proposed in Ankara ever, would need to be looked at carefully and Antalya are not suitable for this type of with the commercial rules in mind, and the event, as hotel ballrooms do not offer suffi- real income which could be derived from the cient ceiling height or surrounding space. activities (e.g. host city poster promotion) Istanbul meets all the requirements to stage would need to be accurately assessed. The the qualifying and final draws: it is a city of campaigns would be financed by the central international repute and has two international government and the municipalities. airports and sufficient high-end accommoda- tion. The Istanbul proposition for the qualify- ing draw would be suitable. The proposed 17: Organisational and dinner venue is also a nice venue that meets Operational Matters the requirements. The proposal in Istanbul for the final draw This sector is positive, as it offers what is offers good facilities. The size and orientation considered to be an efficient organisational of the TV compound area seem fine, pro- structure that is well adjusted to the existing vided there is an unobstructed view to the context. Another positive consideration is the south. The proposed dinner location is a possibility of UEFA being represented on the beautiful venue and suitable for such an company's board of administration. The event. company would be set up well in advance, which would allow it to follow UEFA EURO The cost of renting for both the Istanbul ven- 2012 preparations. An ideal time would be ues is in line with venues on a similar scale. the second half of 2011. The salary range is consistent between the 19: Financing different hierarchical levels, except at the lowest level where they are a bit higher than The ticket prices presented are heavily based expected. There seems to be a large enough on UEFA EURO 2008, although the category educated, English-speaking workforce for 3 prices are lower. The proposed share of UEFA to be confident the right people would category 1 tickets stands at 40%. As the be found and recruited. ticket prices are relatively low, the estimated The volunteer movement is developing in revenue from ticket sales is moderate but Turkey. The proposed volunteer model is in acceptable. line with best practice and, from a legacy In addition, a large percentage of category 1 point of view, UEFA EURO 2016 would be a seats would be linked to hospitality, so even if key milestone in the further development of the proposed price of hospitality packages is the volunteer movement in the country. moderate, estimated revenue is high due to the sheer number of packages offered.

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UEFA EURO 2016 Bid Evaluation Report Italy

Udine

237km Verona Milano 166km Torino 142km 237km 124km Qualifying Draw Parma 186km Cesena Firenze

706km

285km

589km

Roma Final Draw

229km Napoli 262km Bari

Cagliari 712km

Palermo

0 100km 200km

Host City Stadium Net Host City Stadium Net Roma Stadio Olimpico 60,216 Bari Stadio San Nicola (renewal) 40,637 Milano Giuseppe Meazza(San Siro) (renewal) 71,290 Torino Stadio Juventus (new) 40,012 Napoli Stadio San Paolo (renewal) 56,898 Udine Stadio Friuli (renewal) 40,026 Palermo Stadio di Palermo (new) 33,866 Cagliari Karalis Arena (new) 30,606 Verona Marcantonio Bentegodi (renewal) 30,089 Parma Stadio Ennio Tardini (renewal) 30,225 Firenze Stadio Artemio Franchi (renewal) 30,087 Cesena Stadio Dino Mannuzzi (renewal) 30,598

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Host city: Roma Stadium name: Stadio Olimpico Net capacity: 60,216 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, final Stadium status: Existing stadium, no major renovation Current owner: Coni Servizi SpA Current operator: Coni Servizi SpA Investment budget: €5 million Teams: AS Roma, Serie A in 2009/10 S.S. Lazio, Serie A in 2009/10

Host city: Milano Stadium name: Stadio Giuseppe Meazza (San Siro) Net capacity: 71,290 Matches planned: Opening match, group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Milano Current operator: Consorzio San Siro Duemila Investment budget: €41 million Teams: AC Milan, Serie A in 2009/10 FC Internazionale, Serie A in 2009/10

Host city: Napoli Stadium name: Stadio San Paolo Net capacity: 56,898 Matches planned: Group phase, quarter-finals, semi-finals Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Napoli Current operator: Comune di Napoli Investment budget: €80 million Teams: SSC Napoli, Serie A in 2009/10

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Host city: Bari Stadium name: Stadio San Nicola Net capacity: 40,637 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Bari Current operator: AS Bari Investment budget: €30 million Teams: A.S. Bari, Serie A in 2009/10 season

Host city: Torino Stadium name: Stadio Juventus Net capacity: 40,012 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2011 Current owner: Juventus FC Current operator: Juventus FC Investment budget: €105 million Teams: Juventus FC, Serie A in 2009/10

Host city: Udine Stadium name: Stadio Friuli Net capacity: 40,026 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Udine Current operator: Udinese Calcio SpA Investment budget: €50 million Teams: Udinese Calcio, Serie A in 2009/10

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Host city: Palermo Stadium name: Stadio di Palermo Net capacity: 33,866 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Palermo Current operator: Comune di Palermo Investment budget: €196 million Teams: US Città di Palermo, Serie A in 2009/10

Host city: Verona Stadium name: Stadio Marcantonio Bentegodi Net capacity: 30,089 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Verona Current operator: Comune di Verona Investment budget: €40.3 million Teams: AC Chievo Verona, Serie A in 2009/10 Hellas Verona FC, Lega Pro Prima Divisione B in 2009/10

Host city: Firenze Stadium name: Stadio Comunale Artemio Franchi Net capacity: 30,087 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Firenze Current operator: ACF Fiorentina Investment budget: €80 million Teams: ACF Fiorentina, Serie A in 2009/10

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Host city: Cagliari Stadium name: Karalis Arena Net capacity: 30,606 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: Comune di Cagliari Current operator: Comune di Cagliari Investment budget: €49.6 million Teams: Cagliari Calcio, Serie A in 2009/10

Host city: Cesena Stadium name: Stadio Dino Manuzzi Net capacity: 30,598 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Cesena Current operator: A.C. Cesena Investment budget: €27.5 million Teams: AC Cesena, Serie B in 2009/10

Host city: Parma Stadium name: Stadio Ennio Tardini Net capacity: 30,225 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Comune di Parma Current operator: Parma F.C. Investment budget: €40 million Teams: Parma FC, Serie A in 2009/10

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02: UEFA EURO Vision The total net stadium capacity (indicated as an average figure, as the final venue selec- The vision of the Italian bid to host the final tion would be made only if appointed) adds tournament of the UEFA European Football up to around 2.369 million spectators. Championship in 2016 is to create a festive The proposed match schedule provides a pan-European event by welcoming guests good basis for discussion with UEFA, which from all over the continent in such a cordial would take the final decision. and friendly way that they “feel at home”. The bid is based on strong assets that would help All things considered, the overall tournament to ensure the successful staging of the final concept seems to be well elaborated. tournament, such as a distinct football cul- ture, well-developed general infrastructure, expertise in the organisation and staging of 04: Tournament Legacy major sports events, the country’s status as a top tourist destination and the potential to The long-term benefits have been summa- increase revenue for European football. rised in two main categories. First of all, it is expected that the organisation of UEFA While the vision of the Italian bid is aligned EURO 2016 would bring benefits to the “Ital- with UEFA’s long-term strategy, the key ian economic system and all of its cities” in motivations have been outlined in a very areas such as infrastructure, transport, tour- generic way and are not explained very pre- ism and foreign investments, to mention only cisely. Nevertheless, one recurring element is a few. Secondly, the organisation of the final the modernisation of stadium infrastructure in tournament would contribute to the direct order to create a legacy for Italian and Euro- growth of football as a whole through new or pean football. refurbished stadium infrastructure, the devel- opment of new safety concepts, technological innovations, the enhancement of specific 03: Overall Tournament Concept "know-how" and the fostering of a new gen- eration of sports managers in Italy. The overall tournament concept covers 12 venues, from which a final selection of 9 For each city several legacy initiatives have would need to be made by the end of May been elaborated. The initiatives presented 2011, should Italy be appointed to host UEFA are related to stadium and transport infra- EURO 2016. The proposed venues are at- structure improvements, environmental and tractive and spread all over Italy. In general, social responsibility, safety and security, and the accessibility of the venues is good and the economy. It is stated that the project travel times are reasonable. Only Palermo implementation would be monitored by a and Cagliari would take longer to access due central commission, which would be ap- to their peripheral position in Italy. As far as pointed at the onset of the project. On the stadium capacities are concerned, a good football side, one key initiative would be the mix of smaller and bigger stadiums has been organisation of a series of football-related proposed, which would allow for some flexi- programmes for Italian and international bility when drawing up the match schedule. schools, bringing a sense of familiarity be-

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tween the fans and the locals and leaving an community development sub-section also important mark on the cities and inhabitants. includes a good, detailed fan embassies project. As far as the long-term stadium legacy is concerned, all proposed stadiums seem to The sector opens with three messages that have a well-elaborated concept. All proposed put forth central objectives concerning social stadiums are the homes of clubs playing responsibility and environment: creating a either in the first (11 clubs) or second division lasting legacy, instilling a culture of responsi- (1 club). bility and welcoming foreign visitors. This sets the tone well and could have been reflected To conclude, the legacy concepts presented upon more frequently in the main text to are very generic, especially the planned detail how these objectives could be met infrastructure projects, some of which do not through the tournament. Many proposals seem to be directly linked to the event itself. would need to be developed further to dem- However, regarding stadium infrastructure in onstrate how they could be integrated into the particular, a very good long-term legacy tournament, and greater use of the pan- would seem to be generated by UEFA EURO European Respect campaign would add 2016. value here. Some of the statements made, such as "bet- 05: Social Responsibility and ter than zero event", "positive impact on the Environment environment in its every phase" and "nearly 100% recycling rates", would have benefitted The Italian bid is well structured, demonstrat- from an explanation as to how they could be ing some very clear ideas for projects that achieved. It would also have added more cover most of the tournament requirements. strength to the proposals if indicators had Many welcome references are made to inter- been followed by an explanation of how the national standards and certifications – a sure outcomes of the proposed activities would be sign of commitment by the bid. measured. The transport, and water and waste man- Insufficient information is provided on the agement sub-sections are the strongest Football is Health campaign to properly as- environmental components, with green infra- sess its potential impact. Details about how structure introducing a creative initiative the campaign would be organised and a concerning the placement of fan zones. The curriculum developed for the local sports dossier outlines plans to embrace the UEFA organisations and schools would have been EURO 2008 ‘Kombi-ticket’ concept, which useful. Other valuable additions to the wel- would represent a significant reduction in come and community development sub- CO2 emissions over the duration of the tour- section would have been information con- nament. cerning local employment opportunities and the local sourcing of materials (also relevant The social responsibility section has a num- to the environment section). The goal defined ber of potentially valuable projects such as in the respect and responsibility section is the proposal made for an anti-discrimination vague and the references to the projects awareness project that takes a multi- unclear. stakeholder approach. The welcome and

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06: Political and Economic EURO 2016 throughout the whole of Italian Aspects society and its other sports organisations. Public investment projections General comment Important investments at city and especially This is a good and complete sector in terms stadium level would be required to host of descriptions and content. Even though no UEFA EURO 2016. national infrastructure development projects are necessary, due to the regions’ high level of autonomy the necessary investments at city and stadium level would require close 07: Legal Aspects monitoring to ensure timely delivery. The description of the Italian legal framework and the explanations on the required topics Political and football structures provided in the bid dossier are generally The political structures in Italy comply with event-specific but quite succinct. The infor- good governance criteria such as rule of law, mation provided is considered reliable and separation of powers, democracy and inclu- the current national legislative framework siveness, and transparency. Its governmental would not constitute a risk for the staging of framework relies on an executive power UEFA EURO 2016. collectively exercised by the council of minis- The authorities are committed towards the ters and a two-chamber legislative system. event. The Italian federation has returned all Italy is subdivided into 20 regions that enjoy a guarantees, signed without any restrictions, significant level of autonomy and self- reservations or notable changes. determination of their governmental struc- With respect to intellectual property matters, tures. This system could create potential the Italian bid addresses most of UEFA’s coordination issues and is an area which concerns. Since current legislation in this field would need to be monitored carefully. does not meet all UEFA requirements, the Football is an integral part of Italian culture. Italian federation has submitted a draft of law The Italian Football Federation itself was to UEFA. Considering the current gaps in the founded in 1898 and regroups about 15,000 legislation, the enactment of support legisla- clubs and 36,000 referees. Close to 5 million tion would mitigate the risk of certain aspects people play football in Italy. of the event’s commercial programme to suffer from unfavourable legal conditions. National political and football climate However, with respect to illicit goods (coun- All major political parties fully support the bid terfeiting and customs) and illicit match tick- to host UEFA EURO 2016. As a result, were ets, the current Italian system is efficient. a new government to come into power, it There is also no legislation prohibiting adver- would not have a significant impact on tising of any of the usual product categories support for this event. commercialised by UEFA. Football is big and a real passion in Italy. Immigration, visas, work permits and em- There is a very good support for UEFA ployment law are not matters in which difficul- ties would be expected that could negatively

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affect the organisation of the event. Volunteer distances, rake of the tiers and c-values) and work is an established practice in Italy, where welfare facilities. large sports events are regularly organised, All but one of the proposed Italian stadiums subject however to volunteers being hired by have not considered implementing full-height a non-profit legal entity. turnstiles integrated into the stadium facades. Doping is considered a criminal offence in All stadiums would also need to provide Italy. No legal issues are envisaged with detailed information as plans developed to regard to anti-doping procedures or with confirm that evacuation times would indeed regard to event insurance requirements. be met. It has been confirmed that a fence- free stadium bowl concept would be imple- The Italian Football Federation has returned mented. The three new stadium projects are all agreements duly signed without reserva- generally of a good standard. In some pro- tions or notable modifications. UEFA EURO jects the technical areas would need to be 2016 could be staged in accordance with the revised in order to fully meet the tournament tournament requirements. requirements. In addition, in some projects media provisions would have to be improved in order to create a good, fluid working model 08: Stadiums for media, in particular with regard to the stadium media centre, media box, mixed Introduction zone and flash positions. The Italian bid includes 12 stadiums, of which one is an existing stadium (Rome, proposed Stadium surroundings for the final), eight would require major reno- Some of the stadiums proposed, including vations and three would be new construc- the one for the final, have insufficient space tions. A total of €740 million would be in- around the stadium to meet the UEFA EURO vested in stadium infrastructure, through 2016 requirements to include the hospitality either public or private funding. At this stage villages and broadcast compound within the the public authorities have guaranteed 86% security perimeter and to include sufficient (€640 million) of the total investment; the parking facilities for all target groups. Acces- remainder of the budget is in the process of sibility and circulation around the stadiums is being secured through private investment. a concern and limited information about relevant public transport facilities was pro- Stadium design vided. There are, however, no serious orien- Generally, the quality of the sector 08 docu- tation issues with any of the stadiums. mentation is reasonable. Project management Considering the fact that eight out of 12 stadiums would require major renovations, In general the proposed project management the limitations of the existing structures would is of an acceptable standard. The budget affect the extent to which certain quality allocated to the renovation projects appears levels could be achieved, in terms of seating reasonable in light of the work proposed. (seat widths, tread depths, maximum viewing However, when determining the scope of work for each stadium, a clear choice has

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been made on the basis of a cost-benefit For the stadium proposed for the final, the analysis, taking into account stadium legacy reduction in net capacity caused by the full and accepting the fact that the UEFA EURO UEFA EURO 2016 requirements (c-values 2016 requirements can only be fully met by and maximum viewing distances) has not renovating stadiums at a very high cost. The been considered. In addition, two projects budget for one of the new stadiums is unreal- have significantly reduced their gross capac- istically low however budget overruns would ity by not including (part of) their lower tiers be covered by the local and regional govern- with inferior seats. Were these seats to be ment. The budgets proposed for the other included to meet the capacity requirements, it two new stadiums are high, mainly because would affect not only the viewing experience of a high budget allocation for supporting site of the spectators but also the TV image of infrastructure. The average investment for the these stadiums. new stadiums would be €3,200 per seat All the stadiums proposed have an anchor (covering fees, site infrastructure, licensing, tenant, all but one of which currently play in etc.). the highest national division. The timely Of the 11 stadiums which would require appointment of professional operators to test (re)construction work, 1 project is currently the facilities with pre-tournament events and under way and the other 10 have yet to the availability of proper training budgets commence. Based on the bid documents would have to be ensured. The stadium received, it is foreseen that all stadium pro- operators would be either public entities or jects would be completed by July 2014. Dur- the clubs themselves. ing the eight renovations, the home clubs would continue to play their domestic (and Conclusion sometimes European) matches in the stadi- In general, the stadiums sector of the Italian ums, which could make the work more com- bid is professional and of a reasonable stan- plicated and time consuming, create pro- dard, although in some areas the require- gramming difficulties and possibly affect the ments are not met in full. delivery deadline. A number of compromises have been made It is foreseen that almost all stadium projects by the stadium project teams, in particular would be run by the municipalities, with a with regard to seating, welfare, viewing qual- monitoring role for the local organising com- ity, turnstiles and media provisions, as well as pany, to ensure the UEFA EURO 2016 re- the UEFA EURO 2016 event overlay. This quirements are met. sector of the bid is deliverable but close attention would have to be paid to the sched- Stadium operations ules proposed (use of the stadiums during The total gross capacity offered amounts to (re)construction) and the budgets and finan- 394,635 (nine-stadium average), with an cial guarantees provided. estimated total net capacity of 359,366. This Finally, careful consideration would have to represents 91% of the gross capacity and be given to the lack of space surrounding the would be likely to further decrease once the proposed final venue as well as some of the final nine stadiums were selected and the other stadiums, where the external space designs finalised. requirements are not met in full at this stage.

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09: Ground Transport built in time. The rather small towns of Parma, Cesena and Verona have city-centre International ground transport stadiums with pedestrian accessibility con- accessibility cepts. For Udine and Palermo, no strong public transport links have been reported to Italy is located in central-southern Europe serve the remote stadiums. and its international accessibility is therefore good. The international motorway network As far as stadium accessibility is concerned, offers acceptable but rather long travel times seven of the proposed host cities are above across the Alps and through cross-alpine the benchmark, two are straddling the tunnels, which are often subject to heavy car benchmark (Bari and Rome) and three are and truck traffic. The main standard and high- currently slightly below the benchmark (Ce- speed rail networks continue to be expanded. sena, Palermo and Udine). The remote south-eastern part of the country (Bari) and the islands (Cagliari and Palermo) Overall ground transport assessment suffer from reduced ground/sea accessibility, For the most part, the ground transport sector placing much higher demands on airports is compact and reasonable. Eight of the (see sector 10). proposed host cities are above the bench- mark (Cesena, Florence, Milan, Naples, Intercity accessibility Parma, Rome, Turin and Verona), two are The northern part of the country is compact straddling the benchmark (Bari and Udine) and benefits from a dense network of trans- and two are below the benchmark (Cagliari port infrastructure. Most proposed northern and Palermo). and central host cities are connected by high- As far as the quality of the documents pro- speed railways and motorways, offering vided in the bid dossier is concerned, the travel times between them of under 3 hours. ground transport sector is rather poorly pre- The domestic accessibility of southern cities, sented and illustrated, which makes a full such as Bari, and the islands (Cagliari and understanding of the concepts a challenge. Palermo) is more restricted and travel times to and from the other Italian host cities would be much greater. 10: Airports

City transport and stadium accessibility Airport capacities The proposed host cities of Milan, Rome, The airports of Rome (Fiumcino and Naples and recently Turin have underground Ciampino) and Milan (Malpensa and Linate) metro networks. Florence is planning to are big hubs and have sufficient current and construct a full tramway network before 2016. future capacities to handle 2016 general Bari, Cagliari and Verona are medium-sized background traffic and additional UEFA cities and have much smaller public transport EURO 2016 surges in demand. networks. Cagliari, however, plans to link its airport to its existing railway system and Bari The airports in the other proposed host cities is developing a suburban train system which have only medium to small airports with often would be very useful for UEFA EURO 2016 if fewer than 5 million passengers/year pro-

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jected for 2016. Some of these airports the gap could potentially be filled by other would, if considered separately, be insuffi- bigger airports in reasonable proximity pro- cient to cope with expected UEFA EURO vided that efficient high-speed rail connec- 2016 air traffic demands on matchdays, tions are available. especially in the southern cities, where air Bari, Cagliari and Palermo are below the travel would be expected to dominate. This benchmark and solutions would need to be explains why, for most host cities, two gate- found. way airports have been recommended in the bid dossier. This helps to increase capacities but is not an optimal solution because effi- cient high-speed rail connections between 11: Accommodation and the support airports and the stadiums are Training Centres normally not available. Overall situation Airport connections with city centre According to the World Tourism Organisation, and stadium Italy is one of the five most visited countries The airports in Rome, Milan and Turin are in the world. The Italian government and well connected by railway with their respec- ministry of tourism are responsible for activi- tive city centres. Four proposed host cities ties relating to the promotion and administra- (Bari, Cagliari, Florence and Naples) plan to tion of tourism in Italy. Tourism in general is link their airports to an urban rail network by one of the key industries behind the Italian 2016 and Palermo has announced plans to GDP and accommodation is widespread. Italy enhance the capacity of the existing rail link uses standard international ratings to classify by adding an additional track. The airports of its hotels. The Italian government has signed the other proposed host cities (Cesena, the necessary guarantee and certified that Udine, Verona and Parma) will only be con- the information provided in the bid dossier is nected by bus, which is less convenient and accurate. reliable for transporting large numbers of Except for a few events in Florence which fans. would require careful attention, no major simultaneous events are reported which Night flights could negatively impact UEFA’s exploitation Italy has produced all the relevant documents of the hotel market capacity. to guarantee night flight allowances accord- ing to UEFA’s requirements. Existing accommodation – overall market capacity and quality Overall airports assessment Rome, Milan and Florence could easily ac- The cities of Rome and Milan clearly exceed commodate all target groups, including fans. the airport transport needs for UEFA EURO All other proposed host cities would require 2016. Turin, Cesena and Parma are slightly medium or long-distance travel by fans. The above the benchmark while Verona and situation is more complicated in Palermo and Naples are straddling it. The cities of Flor- Cagliari which, as island cities, are harder to ence and Udine are below the benchmark but access. In general, however, it should be

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noted that Italy has lots of alternatives to Team base camps hotels in all cities, which is an excellent op- 78 team base camp hotels have been pro- portunity for fans. posed, as well as 70 training grounds and When it comes to UEFA’s key target groups, one referees’ base camp. Some hotels are all the cities proposed appear to meet paired with several training grounds and vice UEFA’s requirements, except Udine, where versa, which makes the dossier difficult to the lack of four and five-star properties could follow. All proposals are within easy reach of potentially be compensated for by lower hotel an airport and there are offers near each host categories or within an extended area (up to city, although the overview map provided 100km). does not indicate the exact location of the team base camps. The proposed international broadcast centre is located in Rome, where there is sufficient Only 12 of the 78 proposed team hotels are capacity available and UEFA’s requirements in the five-star category and some of the four- would be met. star hotels do not meet the required standard and lack the appropriate leisure facilities. 51 Secured accommodation for UEFA’s hotels have been contracted. key target groups Most of the proposed training grounds are Based on the signed hotel forms received, within the requested distance of the corre- the level of secured accommodation is out- sponding hotel. The overall standard in terms standing in all cities thanks to cooperation of facilities (dressing rooms, floodlights, etc.) with the Italian associations of hotels and appears to be good. However, some of the tourism (Associazioni Alberghiere Nazionali) proposals do not have stands of the re- and the excellent responsiveness and com- quested capacity (2,000 seats). It may be that mitment of the hotel industry in general. temporary facilities would therefore be re- However, an additional effort with the hotels quired. Only a few training grounds seem to offering the largest capacities would be ex- offer sufficient press conference facilities. pected, in order to obtain a higher percentage of their capacity, resulting in the same level of secured rooms (or higher) with fewer proper- 12: Technology Infrastructure ties. Italy has delivered good documents that Hotel rates show that the relevant information was col- Based on the reservation forms received and lected from the several companies involved in the best internet rates available in June 2010 this area, although greater consolidation and (midweek), it can be stated that the hotel preliminary analysis would have been useful. rates in general meet UEFA’s requirements, Regarding competition in the telecommunica- although Rome, Milan and Florence report tions market, Italy has an open but regulated rates slightly above the UEFA maximum, in market, which has already achieved a con- particular in five-star properties. It is impor- siderable level of maturity, meaning there are tant to note that the reported rates may have alternatives in terms of telecom providers that been positively affected by the worldwide have the ability to deliver the required ser- financial crisis. vices.

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The existing infrastructure in Italy is up to and the proposed usage and layout of facili- date, geographically well distributed and ties is very good. The large site would ensure supported by well-known vendor equipment. total flexibility and scope for expansion should additional facilities be required at a The consolidated capacity of the proposed later stage. The cost estimates and pricing host cities does not currently meet the needs are very clear and it is easy to determine of the tournament and upgrades would be what is included in the offer. required, but plans for continuous improve- ments are under way. The satellite farm view to the southern hori- zon requires review to ensure that there is The experience of the teams operating the adequate satellite visibility. Normally during networks, with the proper levels of knowledge an event such as UEFA EURO 2016, exter- and certification, is evidence of the excel- nal suppliers are selected based on specific lence of the Italian telecommunications net- criteria and therefore the exclusivity of exter- work. nal suppliers is only relevant if they meet Italy has good knowledge in the area of these requirements. UEFA reserves the right broadcasting services, although the expertise to choose all suppliers for the international is that of the public/private national broad- broadcast centre. casters and not the telecom companies. Recent experiences such as the Torino Win- ter Olympics are a good indicator of the 14: Fan Zones readiness of the country to host a major All proposed host cities have remarkable event with major worldwide coverage and experience in holding major international distribution. sports events (e.g. UEFA Champions League Regarding the portfolio of services to be finals, Winter Olympic Games 2006, Giro delivered, and again from a technology point d’Italia, FIFA World Cup 1990), or major of view, Italy has a complete set of services public entertainment events. that can be delivered by one single company. Italy proposes a well-developed concept, with Another of the positive aspects of the Italian exceptional sites as main venues (e.g. Circo bid is the existence of dedicated data-related Massimo in Rome) and scenic, although not infrastructure on Swiss territory, ensuring an very central, secondary locations. easy connection to the existing UEFA infra- structure. Overall, Italy responds well to UEFA’s expec- 15: Safety and Security tations regarding technology infrastructure. Strategy and vision The vision and strategy outlined are focussed 13: International Broadcast on creating a fan-centred approach to the Centre tournament, supported by an appropriate regulatory framework. This involves the codi- The proposal presented for the international fication of all existing laws to create a single broadcast centre facilities is of a high quality statute within the next two years, which would

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be a positive and necessary step. A fence- and responsibilities of the police and other free stadium policy is planned, as well as a public and private agencies. relaxation of the personalised ticketing con- There is a commitment to further enhance cept. current standards in line with recognised The organisational structure outlined is based European best practice. Evidence has been on a clear division of roles and responsibili- provided that the stewarding system in Italy is ties between public and private agencies. bearing fruit. In the section on stadium safety The national and local organisational struc- management, the model proposed reflects an tures represent an integrated approach to integrated approach. Evidence of capabilities safety and security. This is recognised as a is provided, for instance in the sections on crucial part of the overall safety and security public health and safety, counterterrorism concept. Importantly, reference is made to and international cooperation, which draw Italy's experience of successfully hosting well on previous experience from major large-scale events such as the Torino Winter events. Olympics, suggesting that the country has the ability to create a fan-centred approach in an Action plans, project management environment where public-private partner- and budget ships have already been introduced. Detailed The section describing action plans provides information on how the concept would be- a global diagram of milestones between now come reality would be required in due course. and 2016. Further details and additional specifications regarding project management Risk analysis would be required. Each section in the as- The risk methodology used provides some sessment of capabilities includes strategies, estimates of the incidence and likelihood of many of which outline key developments to risks, although elaboration on this would be be achieved in the period leading up to the required. The risk analysis itself contains tournament. Examples are the codification of relevant information on risk reduction strate- legislation, the creation of networks to sup- gies. It would, however, be necessary to port international cooperation and the setting provide a ranking of risks and proposals for up of criminal investigation units to accelerate an integrated approach and systematic cov- investigations and court proceedings. It would erage of all risks relevant to UEFA EURO be necessary to incorporate all these devel- 2016. opments into a single action plan with realis- tic milestones. Capabilities In respect of the budget and breakdown of All areas of capability referred to in the tour- costs, Italy refers to the example of the nament requirements are assessed. As re- Torino Winter Olympics and provides overall gards maintenance of public order and public cost estimates in respect of public and private safety and security services, clarification has safety and security. been given of key indicators in respect of policing and law enforcement, including an outline of the integrated command and con- trol method to be adopted as well as the roles

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16: Host Country and seen, which could prove to be counterproduc- City Promotion tive and much more costly. The potential for volunteer legacy would be somewhat limited The Italian proposal contains a clear and due to the amount of volunteering already interesting general theme and a good indica- done, but it would still be possible to achieve tion is provided of how it would be realised. new benchmarks. The roles and responsibilities within the various entities are clear. 18: Pre-Tournament Events The concept of organising a sequence of 24 promotional events in the host cities is inter- For the qualifying draw, two locations are esting and ambitious, and it is good to note proposed in Milan, both of which could stage that it would involve various groups, including the event. Milan is a prestige city with suit- universities. The campaigns would be led by able airport connections and high-end ac- the ministry of tourism, but no indication of commodation. One of the choices, which will the source of funding for all these activities is only be finished in 2011, offers state-of-the- given. art facilities and has some advantages over the other. The proposed draw halls are not ideal in terms of size or seating area, which is 17: Organisational and too flat. In addition, the indicated rental costs Operational Matters are very high. The proposed dinner location is beautiful but the layout is not ideal for this The proposal offers an efficient organisational type of event. structure that would suit the Italian context The proposals for the final draw are in Rome, well. Another positive point is the fact that the another prestigious city with good airport bid offers UEFA the possibility of being rep- connections and high-end accommodation. resented within the local organising company. The proposed venue does not seem to be Setting up the company as early as Decem- ideal for this event due to its challenging and ber 2010 would certainly allow it to take disjointed layout and the indicated rental advantage of the UEFA EURO 2012 exam- costs, which are excessive. The proposed ple, but it could be a bit too early and it would alternative, to be finished in 2012, would be a perhaps be wiser to focus on the second half suitable location for the event, but again the of 2011. indicated rental costs are very high. The The salary range is consistent between the proposed dinner location is a beautiful venue different hierarchical levels, but the salaries but rather small and not ideal in terms of are the highest amongst the bidding coun- layout. tries. Regarding recruitment, the model pro- posed appears suitable and would seem to pose few challenges. 19: Financing

The volunteer movement is well established Both for ticketing and hospitality, the prices and it certainly has a good background in presented are much higher than for UEFA sports events. A substantially higher number EURO 2008 and compared with ticket prices of volunteers than required would be fore-

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for 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying matches, The same applies for hospitality revenue: the they are extremely high. The proposed share high average prices and large number of of category 1 stands at 41%. packages result in a too optimistic revenue estimate. As a result of these high prices and the size of the stadiums, the estimated ticket revenue is very high and unrealistic even.

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UEFA EURO 2016 Bid Evaluation Report France

39km Lens Lille

204km 420km

Saint-Denis Qualifying Nancy Draw Paris 386km 156km Final Draw Strasbourg

494km 406km 463km 590km

Lyon Saint-Etienne 62km

528km

Bordeaux

244km 335km

Final or Nice Qualifying Draw Toulouse Marseille 406km 205km

0 100km 200km

Host City Stadium Net Host City Stadium Net Saint-Denis Stade de France 76,474 Lens Stade Félix Bollaert (renewal) 40,113 Lyon Grand Stade OL (new) 57,628 Paris Parc des Princes (renewal) 40,058 Lille Grand Stade Lille Métropole(new) 47,882 Saint-Etienne Stade Geoffroy Guichard (renewal) 39,327 Bordeaux Nouveau Stade (new) 42,566 Toulouse Stadium Municipal (renewal) 37,050 Nice Grand Stade (new) 33,470 Strasbourg Stade de la Meinau (renewal) 36,645 Marseille Stade Vélodrome (renewal) 65,000 Nancy Stade Marcel Picot (renewal) 31,973

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Host city: Saint-Denis Stadium name: Stade de France Net capacity: 76,474 Matches planned: Opening match, group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final Stadium status: Existing stadium Current owner: French state Current operator: Consortium Stade de France Investment budget: None Teams: French national football and rugby teams

Host city: Lyon Stadium name: Grand Stade OL Net capacity: 57,628 Matches planned: Opening match, group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: Olympique Lyonnais Current operator: Olympique Lyonnais Investment budget: €320 million Teams: Olympique Lyonnais, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Lille Stadium name: Grand Stade Lille Métropole Net capacity: 47,882 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2012 Current owner: Community of Lille Métropole Current operator: ELISA Investment budget: €324.2 million Teams: Lille OSC, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

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Host city: Bordeaux Stadium name: Nouveau Stade Net capacity: 42,566 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2014 Current owner: City of Bordeaux Current operator: City of Bordeaux Investment budget: €200 million Teams: FC Girondins de Bordeaux, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Nice Stadium name: Grand Stade Net capacity: 33,470 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: New stadium, completion in 2013 Current owner: City of Nice Current operator: City of Nice Investment budget: €184 million Teams: OGC Nice, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Marseille Stadium name: Stade Vélodrome Net capacity: 65,000 Matches planned: Opening match, group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: City of Marseille Current operator: City of Marseille Investment budget: €151.1 million Teams: Olympique de Marseille, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

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Host city: Lens Stadium name: Stade Félix Bollaert Net capacity: 40,113 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: City of Lens Current operator: Racing Club de Lens Investment budget: €111.2 million Teams: RC Lens, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Paris Stadium name: Parc des Princes Net capacity: 40,058 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16, quarter-finals Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: City of Paris Current operator: SESE Investment budget: €70 to 90 million Teams: Paris Saint-Germain FC, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Saint-Etienne Stadium name: Stade Geoffroy Guichard Net capacity: 39,327 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Saint-Etienne Métropole Current operator: Saint-Etienne Métropole Investment budget: €75 million Teams: AS Saint-Etienne, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

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Host city: Toulouse Stadium name: Stadium Municipal Net capacity: 37,050 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: City of Toulouse Current operator: City of Toulouse Investment budget: €56 million Teams: Toulouse FC, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

Host city: Strasbourg Stadium name: Stade de la Meinau Net capacity: 36,645 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2014 Current owner: Community of Strasbourg Current operator: Community of Strasbourg Investment budget: €160 million Teams: RC Strasbourg, Ligue 2 in 2009/10

Host city: Nancy Stadium name: Stade Marcel Picot Net capacity: 31,973 Matches planned: Group phase, round of 16 Stadium status: Major renovation, completion in 2013 Current owner: Community of Grand Nancy Current operator: AS Nancy Lorraine Investment budget: €60 million Teams: AS Nancy, Ligue 1 in 2009/10

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02: UEFA EURO Vision allow for some flexibility when drawing up the match schedule. The total net stadium capac- The vision of the French bid to host the final ity (indicated as an average figure, as the tournament of the UEFA European Football final venue selection would be made only if Championship in 2016 is to “bring together appointed) adds up to 2.498 million specta- football’s best, Europe’s best and France’s tors. best to create the finest celebration of sport, The proposed match schedule provides a camaraderie and festivities, making it a re- good basis for discussion with UEFA, which sounding success in 2016”. The bid is based would take the final decision. on strong assets that would help to ensure a successful staging of the final tournament, All things considered, the overall tournament such as a distinct football culture, well- concept seems to be well elaborated. developed general infrastructure, expertise in the organisation and staging of major sports events, the country’s status as a top tourist 04: Tournament Legacy destination and the potential to increase revenue for European football. The long-term benefits have been summa- rised in four main categories. First of all, France’s key motivations are to modernise modernisation of the stadium infrastructure national sports infrastructure and “provide would allow resident clubs to substantially French football with a mobilising and unifying boost their operational revenues by attracting project over the next ten years, creating more business clients and families. Second, positive, sustainable effects”. the tournament organisation would be a All things considered, the vision and key “powerful driving force for the mobilisation, motivations of the French bid are clear and development and unification of the national well aligned with UEFA’s long-term strategy. football community”. In concrete terms, this means it would have a positive effect on the number of registered players, the training of 03: Overall Tournament Concept new volunteers and organisational expertise at different levels. Third, it is explained how a The overall tournament concept covers 12 core policy of sustainable development would venues, from which a final selection of 9 be incorporated into football. This includes, in would need to be made by the end of May particular, the construction of environmentally 2011, should France be appointed to host friendly stadiums. Finally, it is explained how UEFA EURO 2016. The proposed venues the national economy would be able to bene- are attractive and spread all over France, fit from the organisation of the tournament, with the exception of the north-west of the for example through strong cooperation with country, which is not covered. In general, the local businesses and the promotion of French accessibility of all venues is very good and tourist destinations. travel times are quite short. Several concrete legacy initiatives have been As far as the stadium capacities are con- elaborated. One is the set-up of a national cerned, a good mix of smaller and bigger committee, including all key stakeholders, in stadiums has been proposed, which would charge of promoting UEFA EURO 2016 to

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increase the economic benefits of the event. international certification, which implies that It is also proposed to strengthen existing the activities described could form part of a activities in the area of sustainable develop- wider, long-term environmental outlook. ment. Finally, it is envisaged to establish a The social responsibility section clearly high- commission in charge of integrating grass- lights the importance of generating local roots football into the UEFA EURO 2016 employment opportunities and proposes preparations. training and development for employees and As far as the long-term stadium legacy is volunteers. It also goes into detail on the concerned, all proposed stadiums seem to implementation of anti-racism and anti- have a well-elaborated concept. Apart from discrimination projects. In addition, a clear the stadium in Saint-Denis, which is used for commitment to healthy lifestyle policies is matches of the national A team and many included and mention is made of alcohol and other non-football events, all proposed stadi- tobacco-free stadiums as well as on-site ums are the homes of clubs playing either in healthy-eating promotions. the first (10 clubs) or second (1 club) division. The aim of achieving international standards To conclude, the long-term benefits have could have been better elaborated on to been elaborated very precisely and a very demonstrate more tangible commitments good long-term legacy would seem to be where possible at this stage. There is also no generated by UEFA EURO 2016. clear commitment to introduce free public transport on matchdays for fans and journal- ists with valid match tickets. 05: Social Responsibility and Furthermore, the proposals include insuffi- Environment cient information on solidarity and fan hosting initiatives. The existence of fan embassies A logical approach is applied to this sector of does not guarantee their success. Likewise, the French bid, which reads very well and is while the Red Cross is mentioned, further easy to follow. A good understanding of the detail would be needed to assess the initia- issues is demonstrated, and previous initia- tive. In general, it is recommended to focus tives, such as the European-wide Respect on a smaller group of flagship projects that campaign, have been clearly researched. address separate social issues and are truly The fact that international standards are integrated into the tournament. acknowledged and a commitment is made to adhere to them, including those still in devel- opment, is a real plus. The credibility of this 06: Political and Economic sector is further enhanced by the intention to create a steering group of stakeholders and Aspects an internal sustainable development depart- ment within the local organising company. General comment It was useful to demonstrate some of the This is a very solid and well-researched initiatives already in action and being planned sector in terms of descriptions and content, by stadiums. A welcome link is made in the although information regarding public invest- environment section to national policy and ment is missing.

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Political and football structures Public investment projections The French government is based on a stable No specific figures were provided in this presidential-parliamentary system. It fulfils all sector. For stadiums, where such invest- good governance criteria, such as rule of law, ments would be necessary, budgets are separation of powers, democracy and inclu- provided in the stadiums sector. siveness, and transparency. The governmental structure is traditionally highly centralised, however the current trend 07: Legal Aspects towards delegating wide-ranging powers to The description of the French legal frame- the regions and departments and the creation work and the explanations on the required of community groups would facilitate smooth topics are complete and very event-specific. overall coordination. The information provided is considered reli- Football has a long history in France and the able and the current national legislative game has helped to unite communities and framework would not constitute a risk for the forge new social identities. The French Foot- staging of UEFA EURO 2016. ball Federation, the umbrella organisation, The national government has declared its has decentralised regional and county struc- support of the French bid. The most relevant tures regrouping close to 19,000 clubs. guarantees have been signed, several how- France counts more than 4 million amateur ever with limitations or notable changes. The players and 27,000 referees. resulting limitations would not affect the feasibility of the event, but could slightly National political and football climate reduce the potential for preferential treatment The political climate in France is definitely a of UEFA, its participants and the event itself. favourable one, as proven in the past by With respect to intellectual property matters, other major sport events. Most of the political the French bid addresses most of UEFA’s entities have formally expressed their support concerns with precision and in an event- of the country’s bid to host UEFA EURO specific fashion. Since French legislation 2016. Due to this and the country’s stable already meets many of UEFA’s requirements, political history, no specific issues would be the federation has stated that no special foreseen if a new government were to come support law would be necessary. The effi- into power. ciency of French law has been confirmed in The country’s history of strikes remains a several fields. It is to be noted that current concern though, since it could have an im- French legislation prohibits advertising of pact on the delivery of UEFA EURO 2016. alcohol in public areas, including stadiums. Football plays a major role and is well- Immigration, visas, work permits, volunteer established in France. There is solid support work and employment law are not matters in for UEFA EURO 2016 throughout the popula- which difficulties would be expected that tion. All of France’s major sports organisa- could negatively affect the organisational tions are also fully supportive of the bid. structure of the event.

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Doping is considered a criminal offence in achieved, in terms of seating (seat widths, France. No legal issues are envisaged with tread depths, maximum viewing distances, regard to anti-doping procedures or with rake of the tiers and c-values) and welfare regard to event insurance requirements. facilities. Safety and security should not constitute a Two of the new stadium proposals have not challenge from a legal perspective. yet been fully developed and some of the required bid documentation was not provided, The French Football Federation has returned due to the confidential nature of the tender all agreements signed, with a few reserva- procedures for these projects. The other two tions concerning imperative public law in new stadiums are already under construction. cases where a public body is party to the agreement. This issue should not constitute a Some of the proposed French stadiums risk for staging UEFA EURO 2016 in accor- would still need to consider implementing full- dance with the tournament requirements. height turnstiles integrated into the stadium facades. All stadiums would also need to provide detailed information as plans devel- 08: Stadiums oped to confirm that evacuation times would indeed be met. It has been confirmed that a Introduction fence-free stadium bowl concept would be implemented. The French bid includes 12 stadiums, of which 1 is an existing stadium (Saint-Denis, The technical areas of the proposed stadiums proposed alternative for the final), 7 would are generally in line with the tournament require major renovations and 4 would be requirements. new constructions. A total of €1.7 billion Media provisions are, on the whole, also would be invested in stadium infrastructure, good, although at certain stadiums adjust- either by full public investment (3 stadiums), ments would have to be made to create a full private investment (3 stadiums) or public- good, fluid working model for media, in par- private partnerships (5 stadiums). At this ticular with regard to the stadium media stage the French public sector has guaran- centre, media box, and mixed zone. teed 39% of the total investment (€662 mil- lion) for the public-private partnerships and Stadium surroundings publicly funded projects, with the remainder financed by the private sector (€1.042 billion), Some of the proposed stadiums, including of which €501 million has been secured. the one for the final, have inadequate space around the stadium to fully meet the UEFA Stadium design EURO 2016 requirements to include the hospitality villages and broadcast compound The quality of the sector 08 documentation is within the security perimeter. At these stadi- generally good. ums, parking facilities for all target groups Considering that 7 out of 12 stadiums would would also need to be revised to fully meet require major renovations, the limitations of the tournament requirements. the existing structures would affect the extent to which certain quality levels could be

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The accessibility and public transport facilities would be likely to further decrease once the of the proposed venues are generally of a final nine stadiums were selected and the good standard. designs finalised. Two stadiums have not taken into account the reduction in net capac- Two stadiums are not fully in line with the ity caused by the full UEFA EURO 2016 orientation requirements, which could lead to requirements (c-values and maximum view- issues with regard to the main TV camera ing distances). position. Apart from the stadium for the final, all the Project management stadiums proposed have an anchor tenant In general the proposed project management which currently plays in the highest national is of a good standard. division and most of the projects are based on a concept which also includes non-football The budgets allocated to the stadium projects use, all of which would contribute to the post- look realistic for the work proposed. For the EURO legacy. new stadiums an average €5,500 per seat would be invested, covering land purchase, All stadiums would have an operator in place fees, site infrastructure, licensing, etc. in time to test the facility with pre-tournament events, for which a proper training budget Of the 11 stadiums which would require would be required. The stadium operators (re)construction work, 2 projects are under would be either commercial concessions (as way and work has yet to begin on the other 9. part of a public-private partnership) or the It is foreseen that three stadium projects clubs themselves. would be completed during the last quarter of 2014 and eight by July 2014. During the Conclusion seven stadium renovations, the home clubs In general, stadiums sector of the French bid would continue to play their domestic (and is professional and of a good standard. In sometimes European) matches at home, most areas the requirements are met, al- which could make the work more complicated though a number of compromises have been and time consuming, create programming made by the stadium project teams, in par- difficulties and possibly affect the delivery ticular with regard to seating, welfare, viewing deadlines. quality, turnstiles, parking, hospitality and In general, the projects are well organised media provisions. with empowered client teams involved and a Deliverability is generally good but attention monitoring role envisaged for the local organ- would nevertheless have to be paid to the ising company/French Football Federation, to proposed schedules (use of the stadiums ensure the UEFA EURO 2016 requirements during (re)construction) and confirmation are met. would be required that the proposed level of Stadium operations private funding had been secured. The total gross capacity offered amounts to Finally, careful consideration would have to 427,502 (nine-stadium average), with an be given to the lack of space surrounding the estimated total net capacity of 371,114. This proposed final venue and some of the other represents 87% of the gross capacity and

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stadiums, where external space requirements an integrated, coherent development con- are not met in full at this stage. cept. As far as stadium accessibility is concerned, the stadiums are usually served by two or 09: Ground Transport more metro, tram or high frequency bus routes. Some cities are also proposing shuttle International ground transport busses and temporary transport terminal accessibility facilities. France’s bid benefits from a very high level of Paris, Lille, Toulouse, Marseille, Lyon, Stras- international ground transport accessibility, bourg and Nice are clearly above the bench- mostly due to an efficient high-speed train mark for both city transport and last kilometre network linking the country to its main Euro- accessibility. Bordeaux, Saint-Etienne, Nancy pean neighbours, Great Britain, Belgium and and Lens are slightly above the benchmark. Luxemburg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Spain, most of which are major football coun- Overall ground transport assessment tries. Efficient motorway connections are also available with all neighbouring countries. The ground transport sector is solid and reasonable. All proposed host cities are Intercity accessibility above the benchmark in all transport sub- domains. At national level, France’s high-speed TGV network offers efficient travel times and fre- From an operational point of view, it must be quent comfortable rail services between Paris borne in mind, however, that some of the and most other proposed host cities, making proposed host cities (Lille and Lens; Stras- a very positive contribution to comfort and bourg and Nancy; Lyon and Saint-Etienne) safe mobility. TGV travel times between rely essentially on the same international and Paris, the main national transport hub, and intercity transport links (airport, TGV and most other proposed host cities are generally motorway) and the same regional accommo- not above 3 hours. Only Nice and Toulouse dation supply. Special attention would there- have longer connections with Paris. Planned fore need to be given to the match schedule railway improvements would even further in order to avoid availability clashes in paired reduce travel times from Paris to Bordeaux cities. and to Strasbourg. The quality of the documents provided in the bid dossier is high. The sector is well organ- City transport and stadium accessibility ised, documented and illustrated. High-quality At host city level, the predominance of exist- maps and corresponding tables aid under- ing public transport, in some cases with standing. extensions planned, to serve the stadiums would contribute to sustainable mobility. Most proposed host cities have developed or plan to further improve their public transport infra- structure and stadium accessibility as part of

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10: Airports local airport capacity. However, Lille and Lens could easily be supported by the air- Airport capacities ports in Paris, and Saint-Etienne could rely on the airport in Lyon. Bordeaux, Nancy and Several of the proposed host cities have Strasbourg would have to rely on TGV trans- good airport infrastructure with sufficient fers from larger airports, mainly Paris or current and future capacities to handle 2016 others outside France. general background traffic and additional UEFA EURO 2016 surges in demand. Paris, with two high-capacity airports (Paris-Charles 11: Accommodation and de Gaulle and Paris-Orly International Air- port) is one of the best international airport Training Centres hubs of Europe. The airports in Lyon, Mar- seille and Nice have good capacities and Overall situation could cope with UEFA EURO 2016 demand. According to the World Tourism Organisation, The airports in the other proposed host cities France is the most popular tourist destination are smaller and would need to be supported in the world. The French market provides a by other airports, mainly by the bigger air- wide range of modern accommodation facili- ports mentioned above. ties. The tourist industry is managed by the ministry of the economy, industry and em- Airport connections with city centre ployment, represented by Atout France, its and stadium sole government agency. Atout France has Overall, the proposed host city airports are certified the accuracy of the information well connected with their respective city contained in the bid dossier. France recently centres and stadiums. With the exception of decided to standardise its hotel rating system Marseille, Nice and Saint-Etienne they are in accordance with international standards by already connected to a railway or urban light- adding a five-star category. rail system. Nice has announced plans to link The French Open in Paris (22 May to 5 June its airport with a tramway line by 2015. 2016) is the only major simultaneous event reported which could have an impact on Night flights UEFA’s exploitation of the hotel market ca- Night flight exceptions have been granted by pacity. all airports except Paris-Orly International Airport. Existing accommodation – overall market capacity and quality Overall airports assessment Paris, Lyon, Nice and Saint-Etienne (if using Four cities (including five stadiums) are Lyon capacity) could easily accommodate all above the benchmark for accessibility by air target groups, including fans. All other pro- (Paris, Lyon, Marseille and Nice). One city, posed host cities would require medium or Toulouse, is straddling the benchmark. The long-distance travel (potentially including other six proposed host cities (Bordeaux, surrounding countries). Lille, Lens, Nancy, Saint-Etienne and Stras- bourg) are below the benchmark in terms of

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When it comes to UEFA’s key target groups, Hotel rates Paris and Nice could easily meet UEFA’s Based on the reservation forms received and requirements. In Lyon, Marseille, Strasbourg, the best internet rates available in June 2010 Toulouse and Lens, the lack of four and five- (midweek), it can be stated that the hotel star hotels could potentially be compensated rates are well below UEFA’s maximum, ex- for by lower hotel categories. In Bordeaux cept in Nice and Paris (especially in five-star and Lille, additional capacity could be found properties). On the other hand, the reported within an extended area, factoring in addi- rates may have been positively affected by tional travel times, and Saint-Etienne would the worldwide financial crisis and, due to the have to be paired with Lyon. Even with ca- limited amount of secured accommodation, pacity 100km from the stadium, Nancy would they may not fully reflect the reality of the remain very challenging. Special attention market. would also need to be given to the match schedule in order to avoid availability clashes In Paris, the special charter (Charte sur in paired cities (i.e. Saint-Etienne and Lyon, l’accueil des grands événements profession- and Lens and Lille). nels) would need to be adapted to meet UEFA EURO 2016 requirements, in order to The proposed international broadcast centre better control market behaviour. is located in Paris, where there is sufficient capacity available and UEFA’s requirements Team base camps would be met. The bid dossier is well structured, with 49 Secured accommodation for UEFA’s key team base camps (composed of a team hotel target groups and a corresponding training ground) and one referees’ base camp proposed. All pro- Except in Paris/Saint-Denis, the current level posals are within easy reach of an airport. A of secured accommodation (three to five-star) large number of team base camps are lo- clearly does not meet UEFA’s requirements, cated in the Paris region, but there are also despite the major commitment of the main offers near each proposed host city. hotel chains operating in France. Other hotel chains, as well as local properties, would Most of the hotels are of the required stan- need to be involved to reach the target level dard, although some lack the appropriate of secured rooms, which appears to be pos- leisure facilities. Of the 49 proposed team sible in every city. At the moment, a large hotels, 45 have the required minimum room capacity has been secured in hotels with up capacity. to two stars, which unfortunately do not meet All training grounds are within the requested UEFA’s expectations in terms of level of distance of the corresponding hotel. The service. However, progress has been noticed overall standard in terms of facilities (dress- since the recent involvement of Atout France ing rooms, floodlights, etc.) appears to be and the French government, which are still good. However, only 11 proposals have working on obtaining further commitments stands with a capacity of 2,000 seats. It may from the hotel market. be that temporary facilities would therefore be required. Only a few training grounds seem to

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offer sufficient press conference facilities, but In terms of the portfolio of services to be temporary facilities have been suggested. delivered, and again from a technology point of view, France takes the lead with the most complete set of services that can be deliv- 12: Technology Infrastructure ered by one single company. The stadium infrastructure is in line with the France has delivered excellent documents requirements and would be able to support that show that the actual needs of an event of the necessary services related to UEFA this nature, with such worldwide visibility, EURO 2016. were understood. Overall, France fully meets UEFA’s expecta- This sector not only provides a good level of tions regarding technology infrastructure. detail regarding the questions asked, but also reveals an effort to provide the relevant in- formation in a precise and clear way. 13: International Broadcast Regarding competition in the telecommunica- Centre tions market, France has an open but regu- lated market, which has already achieved a This is a very professional proposal which considerable level of maturity, meaning there clearly shows a thorough understanding of are alternatives in terms of telecom providers the international broadcast centre needs. The that have the ability to deliver the required facilities are more than adequate. services. The proposed allocation of areas also meets The existing network infrastructure in France the overall needs and would offer flexibility is up to date, geographically well distributed should expansion be required closer to the and supported by well-known vendor equip- tournament. The indicated pricing would also ment. need further examination to determine what Plans for continuous improvements are under exactly is included in the offer. way, but the consolidated capacity of the proposed host cities is already in line with the overall needs for the tournament. 14: Fan Zones

The experience of the teams operating the All proposed host cities have remarkable networks, with the proper levels of knowledge experience in holding major international and certification, is further evidence of the sports events (e.g. Rugby World Cup 2007, excellence of the French telecommunications Tour de France, FIFA World Cup 1998), or network. major public entertainment events. In terms of broadcasting services, France is The fan zone concept is well understood and clearly well in advance. features some exceptional and scenic sites The country’s experience of hosting various (e.g. Champs de Mars in Paris). worldwide sports events is another clear indicator of its ability in this field of expertise.

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15: Safety and Security obvious but the French bid succeeds in link- ing current issues to the 2016 context and Strategy and vision identifies a number of useful control meas- ures. The risk analysis represents a realistic The strategy and vision is clearly outlined. assessment of current domestic and interna- The structure of this sector is logical, provid- tional risks and provides a credible portrayal ing a comprehensive response to the tour- of the probability, impact and extent of risks nament requirements and resulting in great in the areas specified. These assessments confidence in the ability of the French Foot- are evidence-based, drawing on experience ball Federation to meet the overall safety and of natural disasters, industrial action, etc. security demands of the tournament. A key aspect in terms of strategy and vision Capabilities is the recognition of the need to "offer all A comprehensive approach is taken to the spectators, fans and visitors a high level of assessment of capabilities, with information protection and care in an environment of provided on all key capabilities referred to in freedom, security and justice." France has the tournament requirements, albeit in a committed to a fence-free stadium bowl different format. Strong evidence is provided concept and aspires to achieve this through of key capabilities. In addition, detailed infor- an integrated approach, maximising the mation is provided on organisational struc- synergy between all security services. This tures and roles and responsibilities within the would involve a programme of joint training security framework, including the judicial and testing prior to the tournament. system. The security plan takes account of recent The structures which would be put in place in experience of major events in France, as well both public and private agencies are clearly as best practice from other countries that defined, with evidence presented of relation- have hosted recent tournaments. The vision ships between these structures and a clear and strategy at organisational level are also link between key capabilities. Sound evi- reflected in an integrated structure which dence is presented to support an integrated involves all public and private organisations approach to safety and security, including a in a hierarchical framework, with the neces- definition of the relationships between police sary links at national and local levels. The and private security and reference to a policy French vision is underpinned by the key of graded intervention, which would be criti- notions of confidence, adaptation and firm- cal. Strong emphasis is placed on looking ness, and evidence is presented to support after supporters and supporter empower- this approach. ment, and this is incorporated in the overall policing philosophy. Throughout the assess- Risk analysis ment of capabilities there is a realistic recog- The methodology for risk analysis is clearly nition of the challenges faced and a positive defined and the approach to assessing each approach to risk reduction and problem solv- individual risk category takes account of ing. In general, the assessment of capabilities quantitative and qualitative aspects, which is classed as a strength in the bid document are both comprehensive and meaningful. The and has allowed France to demonstrate the difficulties in projecting risks for 2016 are experience which would be available to sup-

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port UEFA EURO 2016 across a wide spec- 17: Organisational and trum of disciplines. Operational Matters There is clearly well-developed infrastructure in France in key areas such as transport, The proposed organisational structure is in health and legal systems, policing and secu- line with UEFA’s requirements, although rity management. Stadium management and there may be too many different layers, which stewarding would be the subject of a detailed would perhaps hamper its flexibility. The training programme prior to the tournament, proposal for UEFA to be represented in the which would support the integrated approach local organising company is a positive one. required. This would include adoption of Another positive point is the plan to set up the European best practice. company in advance, which would enable it to take advantage of the UEFA EURO 2012 Action plans, project management example. and budget The salary range is consistent between the General milestones are outlined. Action plans different hierarchical levels except at the top and key development milestones would end of the scale. In addition, there is a legal require further discussion. The entire sector requirement for bonuses to be paid at the end demonstrates a realistic and viable approach of temporary contracts. These two factors to safety and security. In terms of budget, combined would mean substantial workforce France has provided overall cost estimates in costs. In terms of recruitment, a suitable respect of public and private safety and secu- system has been proposed and there would rity. not be many challenges in recruiting people. The volunteer movement is well established in France and there is a very positive history 16: Host Country and of volunteering for sports events. The pack- City Promotion ages and legal obligations are in line with best practice and no specific challenge would France proposes an interesting theme for be foreseen. The legacy element appears host city and country promotion ("getting on somewhat limited, but would still be possible better with each other") and presents a lot of as new benchmarks could be achieved. good ideas for events and promotion, albeit with no central vision between them. A catalogue of activities and events is pro- 18: Pre-Tournament Events posed for each host city and all initiatives are local. Some cities propose stronger plans The documents and information provided are than others, and the commercial rules would clear. Three locations are proposed: Nice or need to be looked at where proposals involve Strasbourg for the qualifying draw and Nice local businesses. or Paris for the final draw. All three proposed venues could host the events; however Strasbourg appears to be the least suitable option.

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All the cities offer top-of-the-range accommo- proposed location of the official dinner is dation and their airports are well connected, fantastic. but direct flights to Strasbourg are limited, which would not be ideal for the qualifying draw. Also, the proposed location in Stras- 19: Financing bourg is interesting but would be rather diffi- cult in terms of implementation, as the stage France presents different pricing options for and facilities for media and hospitality would ticketing and hospitality, so the proposed have to be built separately. conservative one has been used for evalua- tion purposes. The proposed venue in Nice offers good facilities to host either event, although a The ticket prices are derived from the past serious question would be raised by the TV two FIFA World Cups and UEFA European compound, the proposed location of which is Football Championship final tournaments, directly on the street. In addition, the indi- with a slight increase on UEFA EURO 2008. cated rental price is very high and there The proposed share of category 1 tickets is seems to be a restriction on the choice of 50%, resulting in a high ticket revenue esti- suppliers at the venue, which would reduce mate. flexibility and quality control. Two levels of hospitality are presented, as The location proposed in Paris offers state-of- are a variety of products. Estimated hospital- the-art facilities for the final draw, although ity revenue is reasonable. the indicated cost of rental is very high. The

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