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When Bootleggers Smuggled Margarine on Wednesday, December 7, 1966, the Sheboygan Press Ran a Story Entitled “Dairyland’S Housewife Boot- Leggers”

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When Bootleggers Smuggled Margarine on Wednesday, December 7, 1966, the Sheboygan Press Ran a Story Entitled “Dairyland’S Housewife Boot- Leggers” The Newsletter of the Sheboygan County Historical Research Center Volume XXVII Number 3 February 2017 When Bootleggers Smuggled Margarine On Wednesday, December 7, 1966, the Sheboygan Press ran a story entitled “Dairyland’s Housewife Boot- leggers”. Great title, but it’s probably not what you think. The story goes on, “There’s a little old lady from She- boygan who is a bootlegger. Every six months she drives 100 miles south on Highway 41, crosses the Wis- consin border into Illinois, stops at a roadside stand, and By 1902, 32 states had im- has a large brown box put into the trunk of her car. posed color constraints on Then she drives home. Her contraband: Yellow oleo- margarine. Vermont, New margarine.” Hampshire, and South Dakota She was part of a group of Badger-state residents who all passed laws demanding that openly flouted state law, a law that made it illegal to margarine be dyed an off- buy or sell colored oleo, a product vociferously de- putting pink; other states pro- nounced by dairy farmers as axle grease. posed it be colored red, brown, or black. Our beloved butter had no competition until 1869, when a French chem- The “pink laws” were over- ist patented a turned by the Supreme lower priced Court (on the grounds that it’s spread made illegal to enforce the adultera- from beef tallow. Called oleomargarine per tion of food) but the ban on its Latin roots, it was hoped the lower clas- yellow margarine remained. ses of humanity and the military would ben- efit from a lower priced product, though Eleanor Roosevelt promoted truth be told, neither group liked it. margarine on a television com- mercial in 1959. Margarine arrived in the United States in the 1870s, praised by the poor, and villified by dairy farmers. Within the next decade thirty- seven companies in the United States began to manufacture margarine. Margarine and butter were fightin’ words, especially in Wisconsin, culminating in the Oleo Wars. For nearly a century after the newspapers were full of legislative action dealing with the spreadable duo. Passion ran so high from the dairy industry Continued on page 3 The Sheboygan County Historical Research Center is located at 518 Water Street in Sheboygan Falls. Open Tuesday through Friday, 9:00am – 4:00pm and Saturdays from 8:30am to 12:00 noon. Closed February 20, 2017 through March 4, 2017 for the archiving. Phone: 920-467-4667 E-mail: [email protected] Website: schrc.org 1 The Researcher is the offi- Go Paperless. Receive The Researcher via email. Save paper. Save postage and cial newsletter of the She- receive a more colorful newsletter. Contact Katie at boygan County [email protected] to sign up now. Catch us on Facebook– Updates daily. Historical Research Center, 518 Water Street, Don’t miss Sheboygan County History column in the Saturday Sheboygan Press Sheboygan Falls, or online Friday through Sunday each week. Wisconsin. It is published six times per The Elkhart Lake Historical Society is looking for information and photos of year in August, the miniature train that once ran at the Elkhart Lake park. If you have any info October, December, contact the Research Center at 920.467.4667. We can copy anything. You February, April and June. need not donate originals. Thanks for your help. The Research Center is the local history archive for Sheboygan County and are- Closed for Archiving as surrounding the county. The Research Center will be closed to researchers from Monday, February 20, It is a repository for paper 2017 through March 4, 2017 for the archiving. We’ll be working on photos records of all kinds. again for these two weeks. The Research Center is a sister organization to the Sheboygan County Historical Society and Museum which collects the artifacts of the county. If you file it, it comes to the Research Center. If you dust it, it goes to the Historical Society & Museum. SCHRC Board of Directors Rick Dodgson David Gallianetti Robert Gorges Nancy Jusky Larschelby "Schel" Kidd Sheboygan Falls - Winter Wayne Warnecke Burton Leavens, Sheboygan Falls’ unofficial photographer, seen here as a child, Joseph Zagozen skating on a portion of the lagoon off the Sheboygan River behind the R.H. Thomas Lumber Company. Check out schrc.org The Henry homestead is seen in the background. This about where City Hall and Website updates Wells Fargo Bank is today, Monroe and Buffalo Streets in Sheboygan Falls. weekly Go to History News under Collections Great Stuff!! 2 that in 1886, a restrictive tax was levied on margarine; a permit was also needed to sell it. Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Ohio banned margarine outright. The drama reached a fevered pitch when foes of margarine in Madison’s statehouse proclaimed it threatened the family farm, the American way of life, and the moral order. Impassioned speeches were made in defense of “sweet and wholesome” butter. Senator Joseph Quarles of Wisconsin bel- lowed that butter should come from the dairy, not the slaughterhouse. A Wisconsin Representative from the La- Crosse area was so fearful of the threat to butter that he defended it with Bible verse. Noting it was the principal industry in the Green Butter Day, I’m Dyeing to Meet You was a protest in favor of butter. The Euphrates Valley thousands of years be- editor of the paper in Sauk City launched a protest and said, ‘Rather than eat your fore the coming of Christ, he continued damned yellow oleo, we’re going to dye this vat of a ton of butter green’ … they did, and they sold out by mid-day. And the entire issue of that week’s paper was with a quote from the book of Genesis, printed in green ink. “and He took butter and milk- and set it before them. The wicked and the hypo- crite shall not see the brooks of honey and butter.” Butter reigned supreme until the poverty of the Depression and the butter shortages of World War II forced a change; margarine inevitably began to bypass butter in sales. Price was one factor, but sales also rallied because of improvements to its recipe and looks; hydrogenated vegetable oils replaced animal fat, and by a clever side-step of the yellow ban in which white margarine was sold with a capsule of yel- low food coloring. Buyers simply squished the two together to produce a beautiful, yellow, non-butter spread. Even with the added taxes, margarine remained the cheaper alternative. These combined factors set the stage for the oleo smuggling, when margarine sold legally in Illinois commonly came across the border hidden in many a car’s trunk. By the 1960s, Federal support for butter waned, as lobbies for soybean and cottonseed oil producers gained strength. Dairy-producing states gradually gave in to market pressure and dropped oleo regulations. That is, everywhere but in Wisconsin. It remained a crime until 1967 to use yellow margarine, and was punishable by fines or imprisonment. For decades, the two ran neck and neck, but in our pre- sent clean food movement, butter is winning: as of 2014, butter surpassed margarine as America’s favorite spread. Each American now eats an average of 5.6 pounds of butter a year, compared to 3.5 pounds of mar- garine. New evidence has shown that the trans fats in margarine are detrimental to our health, far worse than butter’s natural saturated fat. But, to most Wisconsinites the honest truth is that real butter just plain tastes better. Buttermaking in Wisconsin 3 From Coolidge to Toepel The Journey of the “Coolidge Desk”From the Black Hills of South Dakota To Howards Grove, Wisconsin By Richard A. Stoelb ———————————- Calvin Coolidge (1872 – 1933) (John) Calvin Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872 and was vice president under President Warren G. Harding. At 2:30AM on August 3, 1923, while vacationing on his father’s farm in Vermont, he received word of the president’s death. With the death of Harding he be- came the 30th President of the United States serving from 1923 -1929, and he was the sixth vice-president to become president upon the death of a chief executive. Coolidge’s father, John Sr., a notary public, administered the oath of office at 2:45AM in the family dining room. The legality of the oath was questioned by Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty because Coolidge’s father only had authority to swear in state officials of Vermont. Conse- quently, eighteen days later a Justice of the Supreme Court administered a second oath. Coolidge finished out Harding’s term and in 1924 ran for president with Charles G. Dawes, director of the Bureau of the Budget as his running mate. He was elected as the Republican Party Candidate on the first ballot. Coolidge and Dawes faced the nominees from the Democratic Party John W. Davis for president and Governor Charles W. Bryan of Nebraska for vice president. The Progressive Party formed by those dissatisfied with the Democratic and Republican Parties nominated Senator Robert M. (“Fighting Bob”) Lafollette of Wisconsin as their presidential candidate, and Sena- tor Burton K. Wheeler of Montana for vice president. Coolidge and Dawes won the election and on March 4, 1925 Chief Justice William Howard Taft became the first former president to administer the presidential oath of office. Coolidge’s inaugural address was the first to be broadcast by radio. Also, the annual tradition of lighting the National Christmas Tree in Washington D.C. by the “First Family” started by the Coolidge family in 1923. Calvin Coolidge and his father John, Sr.
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