CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY SALTSMAN PROPERTY MANATEE COUNTY, FLORIDA
Performed for:
Heller 301 Partners, LLC C/O Falcon Land & Development 1951 NW 19th Street, Suite 200 Boca Raton, Florida 33431
Prepared by:
Florida’s First Choice in Cultural Resource Management
Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240
September 2005 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY SALTSMAN PROPERTY MANATEE COUNTY, FLORIDA
Performed for:
Heller 301 Partners, LLC C/O Falcon Land & Development 1951 NW 19th Street, Suite 200 Boca Raton, Florida 33431
By:
Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240
Marion Almy - Project Manager Jodi Pracht – Project Archaeologist Justin Winkler and Katie Baar - Archaeologists EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) performed a cultural resource assessment survey of the ±1200 acre Saltsman property in Manatee County, Florida. The purpose of the survey was to locate and identify cultural resources within the project area and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The survey, which took place in September 2005, was conducted as a due diligence. However, the survey and report comply with Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes, as well as Manatee County regulations.
Findings
Archaeological: A review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) indicated that one archaeological site had been previously recorded in the project area. JR164 (8MA1203) is a Middle-to-Late Archaic lithic scatter site. JR164 is not considered eligible for listing in the NRHP. As a result of this survey effort, no evidence of JR164 was recovered and no additional archaeological resources were discovered within the Saltsman property.
Historic Structures: Background research, including a review of the FMSF and the NRHP, indicated that there are no previously recorded historic resources (50 years of age or older) within the parcel and suggested no potential for the presence of historic buildings within the project area. In keeping with expectations formed from background research, no historic structures were identified within the Saltsman property.
In summary, no significant cultural resources were found within the Saltsman parcel and it is the opinion of ACI that this project should be cleared for development.
i TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Project Description...... 1-1 1.2 Purpose...... 1-1
2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING...... 2-1
3.0 PREHISTORIC REVIEW...... 3-1 3.1 Paleo-Indian ...... 3-1 3.2 Archaic...... 3-3 3.3 Transitional ...... 3-4 3.4 Formative ...... 3-4 3.5 Mississippian/Acculturative...... 3-5
4.0 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW...... 4-1
5.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS...... 5-1 5.1 Background Research and Literature Review...... 5-1 5.1.1 Archaeological Considerations...... 5-1 5.1.2 Historical Considerations...... 5-3 5.2 Field Methodology...... 5-3 5.3 Laboratory Methods and Curation...... 5-4 5.4 Unexpected Discoveries...... 5-4
6.0 SURVEY RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 6-1 6.1 Archaeological Results...... 6-1 6.2 Historical Results...... 6-3 6.3 Recommendations...... 6-3
7.0 REFERENCES CITED...... 7-1
APPENDIX A: Original and First Update of FMSF Form 8MA1203 APPENDIX B: Second Update of FMSF Form 8MA1203 APPENDIX C: Survey Log Sheet
ii LIST OF FIGURES AND PHOTOGRAPHS
Figure Page
Figure 1.1. Location of the Saltsman Property...... 1-2
Figure 2.1. Location and Environmental Setting of the Saltsman Property ...... 2-2
Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions...... 3-2
Figure 5.1. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites Within and Near the Saltsman Property and Zones of Archaeological Potential...... 5-2
Figure 6.1. Approximate Location of Shovel Tests Within Saltsman Property...... 6-2
Table
Table 2.1. Soil Types, Relief and Drainage, and Environmental Associations of the Project Area (USDA 1983)...... 2-1
Photo
Photo 2.1. Looking South at Plowed Field in Project Area...... 2-3
Photo 2.2. Looking South Toward Secondary Vegetation in Project Area...... 2-3
Photo 2.3. Looking West Along Power Line in Project Area...... 2-4
Photo 2.4. Looking West Along Natural Gas Pipeline in Project Area...... 2-4
Photo 6.1. Shovel Testing in the Vicinity of JR164 (8MA1203)...... 6-3
Photo 6.2. Visual Reconnaissance in the Vicinity of JR164 (8MA1203)...... 6-3
iii 1-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The ±1200 acre Saltsman property is located north of Moccasin Wallow Road, south of Buckeye Road and east of I-75, in northern Manatee County (Figure 1.1). This survey was conducted as due diligence and complies with Manatee County cultural resource requirements, as well as Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statues, Florida’s Coastal Management Program, and implementing state regulations regarding possible impact to historic properties listed, eligible, or potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), or otherwise of historical, architectural and archaeological value.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this cultural resource assessment survey was to locate and identify any prehistoric and historic period archaeological sites and historic resources located within the project area and to assess, to the extent possible, their significance as to eligibility for listing in the NRHP. The archaeological and historical components of the survey were conducted in September 2005. Background research preceded field survey. Such research served to provide an informed set of expectations concerning the kinds of cultural resources that might be anticipated to occur within the project area, as well as a basis for evaluating any newly discovered sites. The resulting report meets specifications set forth in Chapter lA-46, Florida Administrative Code (revised August 21, 2002).
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PROJECT LOCATION
N 0 1 2 mile Figure 1.1 Location of the Saltsman Property. Manatee County, Township 33 South, Range 19 East, Sections 16 through 20 (State Mapping Office 1989). 2-1
2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
The ±1200 acre survey parcel is located in Sections 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 of Township 33 South, Range 19 East in Manatee County, Florida (USGS Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 and Ruskin, Fla. 1956, PR 1987; Figure 2.1). The project area lies 20 to 30 ft above mean sea level (AMSL), and is located about one mile east of Curiosity Creek.
The project area is located within the Gulf Coastal Lowlands, the physiographic zone that typifies the entire coastline of the state of Florida. The Gulf Coastal Lowlands are flat, and are characterized by surficial streams with little to no down cutting. Coastwise parallel, low sand ridges form slight, rolling hills within the zone. Ocean waters constructed these ridges during the Pleistocene Epoch. The lack of elevation in the Gulf Coastal Lowlands creates the near-surficial to exposed water table throughout the region. This high water table results in the poor natural drainage and abundance of wetlands in the region (Davis 1943; McNab and Avers 1996).
Naturally Occurring Conditions: Soil types within the survey parcel are of the EauGallie-Floridana soil association, a nearly level, sandy soil typical of Mesic Flatwoods (USDA 1983). Soils specific to the project area are listed in Table 2.1. The natural vegetation associated with the local soils includes South Florida slash pine, scattered cabbage palm, and live oak with an understory of inkberry, saw palmetto, chalky bluestem, creeping bluestem, pineland threeawn, waxmyrtle, panicum, and other grasses (USDA 1983). Together, these species comprise the Mesic Flatwoods vegetation community characteristic of the project area. This community is maintained by fires, which, prior to modern suppression, probably occurred every one to eight years. Without periodic fires, Mesic Flatwoods succeed into hardwood-dominated forests (Florida Natural Areas Inventory and Florida Department of Natural Resources 1990).
Table 2.1. Soil Types, Relief and Drainage, and Environmental Associations of the Project Area (USDA 1983). Soil Type Relief and Drainage Environmental Association Canova-Anclote- Nearly Level, Very Poorly Drained Swamps and Okeelanta Association Drainageways Delray Complex Nearly Level, Very Poorly Drained Flatwoods and Sloughs EauGallie fine sand Nearly Level, Poorly Drained Broad Areas in Flatwoods Floridana fine sand Nearly Level, Very Poorly Drained Low Flats
Floridana-Immokalee- Nearly Level, Poorly and Very Poorly Grassy Ponds Okeelanta Association Drained Palmetto sand Nearly Level, Poorly Drained Flatwoods Parkwood Nearly Level, Poorly and Very Poorly Cabbage Palm Hammocks, Drained Drainageways Wabasso fine sand Nearly Level, Poorly Drained Broad Flatwoods
P05128/September 2005 2-2 0.5 N 0 1 mile ATIO C T LO C E J PRO Location and Environmental Setting of the Saltsman Property. Manatee County, Township 33 South, Township Manatee County, Location and Environmental Setting of the Saltsman Property. Range 19 East, Sections 16 through 20 (Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 and Ruskin, 1956, 1987). Figure 2.1 Figure
N 2-3
Present Conditions: Most of the Saltsman property consists of recently plowed fields (Photo 2.1). Wetlands dot the property and areas of secondary vegetation are present (Photo 2.2). A power line is located within the property and a natural gas pipeline is collocated with the power line (Photos 2.3 and 2.4).
Photo 2.1. Looking South at Plowed Field in Project Area.
Photo 2.2. Looking South Toward Secondary Vegetation in Project Area.
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Photo 2.3. Looking West Along Power Line in Project Area.
Photo 2.4. Looking West Along Natural Gas Pipeline in Project Area.
Paleoenvironmental Considerations: The prehistoric environment of Manatee County and the surrounding area was different from that which is seen today. Sea levels were much lower, the climate was drier, and potable water was scarce. Given the changes in water resource availability, botanical communities, and faunal resources, an understanding of human ecology during the earliest periods of human occupation in Florida cannot be founded upon observations of the modern environment. Aboriginal
P05128/September 2005 2-5 inhabitants would have developed cultural adaptations in response to the environmental changes taking place. These alterations were reflected in prehistoric settlement patterns, site types, site locations, artifact forms, and variations in the resources used.
Dunbar (1981:95) notes that due to the arid conditions during the period between 16,500 and 12,500 years ago, “the perched water aquifer and potable water supplies were absent.” Palynological studies conducted in Florida and Georgia suggest that between 13,000 and 5,000 years ago, this area was covered with an upland vegetation community of scrub oak and prairie (Watts 1969, 1971, 1975). The rise of sea level severely reduced xeric habitats over the next several millennia.
By 5,000 years ago, southern pine forests were replacing the oak savannahs. Extensive marshes and swamps developed along the coasts and subtropical hardwood forests became established along the southern tip of Florida (Delcourt and Delcourt 1981). Northern Florida saw an increase in oak species, grasses and sedges (Carbone 1983). At Lake Annie in south-central Florida, pollen cores are dominated by wax myrtle and pine. The assemblage suggests that by this time a forest dominated by longleaf pine, along with cypress swamps and bayheads existed in the area (Watts 1971, 1975). Roughly five millennia ago, surface water was plentiful in karst terrains and the level of the Floridan aquifer rose to five feet above present levels. After this time, modern floral, climatic and environmental conditions began to be established (Watts 1975). With the onset of the modern environmental conditions, numerous micro-environments were available to the aboriginal inhabitants in the Tampa Bay area. By 4,000 years ago, ground water had reached current levels, and the shift to warmer, moister conditions saw the appearance of hardwood forests, bayheads, cypress swamps, prairie, and marshlands.
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3.0 PREHISTORIC REVIEW
In general, archaeologists summarize the prehistory of a given area (i.e., an archaeological region) by outlining the sequence of archaeological cultures through time. Archaeological cultures are defined largely in geographical terms but also reflect shared environmental and cultural factors.
The project area in Manatee County is located in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast archaeological region as defined by Milanich and Fairbanks (1980:24-26) and more recently, Milanich (1994). This region extends from just north of Tampa Bay southward to the northern portion of Charlotte Harbor (Figure 3.1). Within this zone, Milanich and Fairbanks have defined the Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Transitional, Formative, Mississippian, and Acculturative stages on the basis of unique sets of material culture traits such as characteristic stone tool forms and ceramics as well as subsistence, settlement, and burial patterns. These broad temporal units are further subdivided into culture phases or periods: Paleo-Indian, Archaic (Early, Middle, and Late), Formative (Manasota/Weeden Island-related), and Mississippian/Acculturative (Safety Harbor). A brief summary of these periods follows.
3.1 Paleo-Indian
The earliest known cultural period in the region is the Paleo-Indian which began with the first human arrivals in Florida at the end of the Pleistocene ca. 12,000 to 10,000 B.C. and which terminated about 6500 B.C. (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980:38). The Florida peninsula at this time was quite different than today. The climate was drier and cooler and was typified by xerophytic species of plants, with scrub oaks, open grassy prairies, and savannas (Milanich 1994:38). When human populations were arriving in Florida, the sea levels were still as much as 115 feet below present levels and coastal regions of Florida extended miles beyond present-day shorelines (Milliman and Emery 1968). Thus, Paleo- Indian sites may exist below the waters of the Gulf of Mexico and off the Atlantic coast (Clausen et al. 1979; Ruppe 1980).
Among the Paleo-Indian sites in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast region which have been the focus of professional excavations are two inland spring sites in Sarasota County, Little Salt Spring and Warm Mineral Springs (Clausen et al. 1979), and the Harney Flats Site in Hillsborough County. The Harney Flats Site represents one of the best known terrestrial Paleo-Indian resources in the southeastern United States (Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987). Research at this site has served to confirm the contention that permanent sources of water, scarce during this drier and cooler time, were very important to Paleo-Indian populations. Other research in the region has shown that at least portions of the shell deposits bordering now-submerged river channels in Tampa Bay were probably middens deposited during the Paleo-Indian period (Goodyear et al. 1983; Goodyear and Warren 1972).
P05128/September 2005 3-2
1
2
3 5 4
1 Northwest 2 North 3 North-central 4 East and Central 5 North Peninsular Gulf Coast 6 6 Central Peninsular Gulf Coast 8 7 Caloosahatchee 8 Okeechobee Basin 9 Glades 7
9
0 100 miles
Post- 500 B.C. regions of precolumbian Florida
Figure 3.1 Florida Archaeological Regions (Milanich 1994:xix). The project area ( ) is located in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast region. 3-3
Paleo-Indian sites are most readily identified by the lanceolate-shaped stone projectile points they manufactured, such as the Simpson and Suwannee types (Bullen 1975:6). Such artifact types, recovered from the Harney Flats Site, are also known from the Higelville area in northwest Venice. In Venice Gardens east of the city of Venice, Bolen points, also diagnostic of the late Paleo-Indian and succeeding Early Archaic periods, were discovered in a dredged canal (Almy 1985).
3.2 Archaic
As the Paleo-Indian period gradually came to a close, climatic changes occurred and the Pleistocene megafauna died out. Archaeological evidence suggests a slow cultural change which led toward an increasingly intensive exploitation of localized food resources. These changes may reflect a transition from the late Pleistocene to a more seasonal, modern climate when the pine-dominated forests began to cover the landscape. With loss of the Ice Age mammals, Archaic populations turned to the hunting of smaller game like deer, raccoon, and opossum as well as a reliance on wild plants and shellfish, where available.
The Early Archaic period, ca. 6500 to 5000 B.C., is well-documented in Florida and is generally recognized by changes in the artifact assemblages from the Paleo-Indian period. But, because of a lack of excavated collections, our knowledge of the full range of the Early Archaic lithic tool assemblages is uncertain (Milanich 1994:64). According to Bullen's typology of Florida projectile points, diagnostic types include Kirk, Hamilton, Arredondo, Wacissa, Thonotosassa, Hardee Beveled, and Sumter (Bullen 1975:33-41). Discoveries at Little Salt Spring in Sarasota County and the Windover Site in Brevard County indicate that bone and wood tools were also used (Doran 2002). The archaeological record suggests a diffuse, yet well-scheduled, pattern of exploiting both coastal and interior resources. Because water sources were much more numerous and larger than in earlier times, the Early Archaic peoples could sustain larger populations, occupy sites for longer periods, and perform activities that required longer occupation at a specific locale (Milanich 1994:67). However, most Early Archaic sites that have been found are small, seasonal campsites.
During the Middle Archaic period, ca. 5000 to 3000 B.C., a shift from the dispersed settlement pattern of the preceding period to a system of base camps with numerous, smaller satellite camps has been hypothesized. The changes in settlement pattern resulted in maximizing the use of forest resources and may indicate that larger bands of people were living together part of the year. Artifacts associated with this period include broad-bladed, stemmed projectile points such as the Newnan, Marion, and Putnam types. Also, specialized tools such as microliths and burins, large chopping implements, as well as an array of expedient tools, have been found at archaeological sites. A few regional cemetery sites, such as Little Salt Spring in Sarasota County and the Bay West Nursery Site in Collier County, with interments in bogs, springs, and other wetlands, provide some of the first evidence for mortuary ceremonialism during the Middle Archaic. Several Middle Archaic period campsites were recorded and excavated
P05128/September 2005 3-4 as part of the Interstate 75 archaeological project in the late 1970s to early 1980s in Hillsborough County. These include the Deerstand (Daniel 1982) and Wetherington Island (Chance 1982) Sites.
During the Late Archaic, ca. 3000 to 1200 B.C., populations increased and became more sedentary. Broad-bladed, stemmed projectile points of the Middle Archaic continued. A greater reliance on marine resources is indicated in coastal areas. Subsistence strategies and technologies reflect the beginnings of an adaptation to these resources. For example, it is during this period that coastal and riverine shell middens began to accumulate. One of the best known and preserved sites of this type is the Palmer Site (Historic Spanish Point) in Sarasota County, located on Little Sarasota Bay in Osprey. Here, a horseshoe-shaped shell midden apparently circles a freshwater spring adjacent to Sarasota Bay (Bullen and Bullen 1976). The introduction of fiber-tempered ceramics, the earliest pottery manufactured, also marks the Late or Ceramic Archaic period (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980:60).
3.3 Transitional
Bridging the close of the Archaic stage and the beginning of the Formative is the Florida Transitional period, ca. 1200 to 500 B.C., as defined by Bullen (1959). This time is characterized by a continued exploitation of shellfish, fish, and wild plants as well as a continued reliance on hunting (Bullen et al. 1978; Bullen 1959, 1965). Bullen hypothesized that, during the Florida Transitional period, the diffusion of culture traits resulting from the movements of small groups of people led to the spread of several ceramic and tool traditions.
At the Canton Street Site in Pinellas County, Bullen suggested (Bullen et al. 1978) that the admixture of three projectile point traditions - basally notched, side and corner notched, and Archaic stemmed forms - and three ceramic traditions including limestone-tempered, sand-tempered, and temperless chalky ware were representative of this dynamic period. At Canton Street and other Transitional period sites, there is evidence that the fiber-tempered ceramics of the preceding Late Archaic were being gradually replaced by pottery of these three different traditions. By the end of the Transitional period, ceramic traditions were clearly regionalized throughout Florida. In the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast region, sand-tempered plain pottery became the dominant ceramic type. In addition, there is evidence of regional interaction with other cultures such as the Poverty Point complex of the lower Mississippi Valley. Further, limited horticulture may have been engaged in at this time (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980:155).
3.4 Formative
The Formative stage in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast archaeological region is comprised of the Manasota and Weeden Island-related cultures, ca. 500 B.C. to A.D. 800.
P05128/September 2005 3-5
The subsistence practices of the earlier Manasota people combined marine and hinterland exploitation. Most Manasota sites are shell middens found on or near the shore. These were the major villages. Small, perhaps seasonal, villages were located 12 to 18 miles inland from the shore. During this long period, sand-tempered pottery became a dominant ceramic type, and burial practices became more elaborate evolving from interments, often in shell middens, to sand burial mounds (Luer and Almy 1982). As currently defined, the Manasota culture is a coastal manifestation which utilized both marine and terrestrial resources. Their large villages are located along the coast and small, perhaps special-use camps are found in the interior pine flatwoods on higher ground near water sources and wetland habitats (Austin and Russo 1989). The latter sites were probably used seasonally by small groups, who perhaps hunted, fished, and gathered in the pine flatwoods east of the bays and gulf. The Melnick Site (8S0595), located in the town of Osprey in Sarasota County, dates to the early part of the Manasota period. The Yat Kitischee Site in Pinellas County was a Manasota period coastal hamlet (Austin 1995).
Gradually, the people of the region were influenced by the Weeden Island culture from the north and became what archaeologists refer to as a Weeden Island-related culture, one of three peninsular Weeden Island-related cultures identified and described by Milanich and Fairbanks (1980). The subsistence and settlement patterns remained fairly consistent. Hunting and gathering of the inland and coastal resources continued. Larger populations are inferred from hypothesized increased dependence on horticulture. These populations seem to have led a fairly sedentary lifestyle, with villages located along the coast as well as at inland areas. Portions of the Palmer Site at Historic Spanish Point date to this period as does the Osprey Point Site (8S059) located west of US 41 and south of Historic Spanish Point in Sarasota County.
Usually, Weeden Island-related sites are identified by the presence of shell middens or habitation areas and a sand burial mound. Not all villages possessed a mound. It is likely that several communities shared a single, continuous-use mound (Willey 1949). Burial mound customs, artifactual evidence of an extensive trade network, and settlement pattern data suggest a complex socio-religious organization.
3.5 Mississippian/Acculturative
The final aboriginal cultural manifestation in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast region is Safety Harbor, named for the type site in Pinellas County. The presence of datable European artifacts (largely Spanish) in sites, along with radiocarbon dates from early Safety Harbor contexts associated with Englewood ceramics, provide the basis for dividing the Safety Harbor period into two pre-Columbian phases: Englewood, A.D. 900- 1100, and Pinellas, A.D. 1100-1500; and two colonial period phases: Tatham, A.D. 1500- 1567, and Bayview, A.D. 1567-1725 (Mitchem 1989:557-567).
In general, further influences from the north led to the incorporation of many features of the Mississippian culture by the late Weeden Island-related peoples which became the Safety Harbor culture. Often, Safety Harbor components are located on top of
P05128/September 2005 3-6 the earlier Weeden Island deposits. South of Tampa Bay there is evidence of significant continuity from Weeden Island-related sites into the Mississippian culture of the area. Major Safety Harbor sites remained primarily along the shore with many situated at the same locations as late Manasota sites (Luer and Almy 1981). The Portavant Mound complex (8MA919), to the west of the project area, is an excellent example of continued occupation. This earthen mound and associated village site was successfully nominated for listing in the NRHP in 1994 (Weisman et al. 1994).
Large towns or villages often had a temple mound, plaza, midden, and a burial mound associated with them. Previous research (Luer and Almy 1981) supports earlier suggestions that some maize agriculture may have been practiced by the Safety Harbor peoples as they continued marine and terrestrial exploitation of the region's food resources. Although most Safety Harbor sites are located along coastal bays and rivers, inland sites are also known (Willey 1949). The Picnic Mound (Willey 1949), Buck Island (Bullen 1952), and the Parrish Mounds 1, 2, and 3 (Willey 1949) are inland sites in Hillsborough and Manatee Counties dating from this period.
The Timucuan Indians, locally (Tampa Bay area) the Tocobaga, are recognized as the bearers of the Safety Harbor culture. Safety Harbor sites have been found both along the coast and inland in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast region. The large sites on the coast were probably ceremonial centers with large temple mounds, villages, and burial mounds. Large population centers, dating to the Safety Harbor period, were located primarily north of Tampa Bay. However, several are recorded near the entrance to the Manatee River, and one is recorded at Whitaker Bayou in northern Sarasota County. The Tatham Mound is a well-known Safety Harbor burial site located west of the Withlacoochee River. It contained several burials and exotic artifacts such as copper and crushed galena (Mitchem 1989:419-422).
By the mid-1700s, the native populations had all but vanished from the Tampa Bay area, and Creek Indians from Georgia and Alabama began moving into the Florida peninsula as settlers pushed south. These new arrivals became known as the Seminoles and did not exploit heavily the maritime and riverine resources on which the native Floridians had relied. Instead, they focused on hunting, horticulture, and cattle ranching.
The dispersed Seminole villages were situated within a reservation established by the 1823 Treaty of Moultrie Creek. By the early 1830s, governmental policy shifted in terms of relocating the Seminoles to lands west of the Mississippi River. Outrage at this policy of forced relocation resulted in the Second Seminole War (1835-1842). Following this conflict, the Seminoles who remained in Florida were driven further south, clearing the way for homesteaders. Archaeological evidence of the Seminole presence at Fort Brook was documented by Piper and Piper (1982) in a report which included detailed discussion of Seminole burials recovered from a portion of the old Fort Brooke cemetery. This archaeological site, the Quad Block Site, in downtown Tampa, is one of the well- documented sites associated with the Seminoles in southwest Florida. Further discussion of the Seminole presence in southwest Florida and the project area itself is included in the following Historical Overview.
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4.0 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
The cultural traditions of the native Floridians ended with the advent of European expeditions to the New World. The initial events, authorized by the Spanish crown in the 1500s, ushered in devastating European contact. After Ponce de Leon's landing near St. Augustine in 1513, Spanish explorations were confined to the west coast of Florida; Narvaez is thought to have made shore in 1528 in St. Petersburg and De Soto’s 1539 landing is commemorated at De Soto Point on the south bank of the Manatee River. When the first Europeans arrived in coastal southwest Florida in the 16th century they encountered the Calusa, a powerful, complex society ruled by a paramount chief. The principal town of the Calusa is thought to be the site of Mound Key in Estero Bay near Fort Myers Beach. Historic documents suggest that the Calusa chief ruled over fifty towns, from which he exacted tribute (Widmer 1988). By the middle of the 18th century, the Native American populations had been almost totally decimated and dispersed as a result of conflicts with the Europeans and exposure to their diseases.
As the Calusa and Timucua disappeared, fishing communities, or "ranchos," were established by Cuban and Spanish fisherman on various islands and along the coast between Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay. The earliest recorded ranchos may have been at Useppa Island and San Carlos Bay in Charlotte Harbor ca. 1765 (Hammond 1973). However, there is some evidence that remnants of the once powerful Calusa joined the Cuban-Spanish fishermen at the ranchos in Charlotte Harbor during the early 18th century (Almy 2001). The ranchos supplied dried fish to Cuban and northern markets until the mid-1830s, when onset of the Seminole Indian Wars and customs control ruined the fisheries. In the Manatee County area, at least one rancho was well known. The Rancho of William Bunce may have been located near the mouth of the Manatee River in Tampa Bay (Mathews 1983:74). Customs officials visited his establishment on a number of occasions and have described the operation as including:
“…30 or 40 palmetto thatched houses… One of the thatched huts was a blacksmith’s shop, another housed a turning lathe and a carpenter’s shop” (Dodd 1947: 247-256)
The area which now constitutes the State of Florida was ceded to England in 1763 after two centuries of Spanish possession. England governed Florida until 1783 when the Treaty of Paris returned Florida to Spain; however, Spanish influence was nominal during this second period of ownership. Prior to the American colonial settlement of Florida, portions of the Muskogean Creek, Yamassee and Oconee Native American Indian populations moved into Florida and repopulated the demographic vacuum created by the genocide of the original aboriginal inhabitants. These migrating groups of Native Americans became known to English speakers as Seminioles or Seminoles. This term is thought to be either a corruption of the Creek ishti semoli (wild men) or the Spanish cimarron (wild or unruly). Many Indians who escaped death or capture fled to the swamps and uncharted lands in South Florida. The Seminoles formed at various times
P05128/September 2005 4-2 loose confederacies for mutual protection against the new American Nation to the north (Tebeau 1971:72).
The bloody conflict between the Americans and the Seminoles over Florida first came to a head in 1818, and was subsequently known as the First Seminole War. As a result of the war and the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819, Florida became a United States territory in 1821, but settlement was slow and scattered during the early years. Andrew Jackson, named provisional governor, divided the territory into St. Johns and Escambia Counties. At that time, St. Johns County encompassed all of Florida lying east of the Suwannee River, and Escambia County included the land lying to the west. In the first territorial census in 1825, some 317 persons reportedly lived in South Florida; by 1830 that number had risen to 517 (Tebeau 1971:134).
Even though the First Seminole War was fought in north Florida, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek in 1823, at the end of the war, was to affect the settlement of all of south Florida. The Seminoles relinquished their claim to the whole peninsula in return for occupancy of approximately four million acres of reservation south of Ocala and north of Charlotte Harbor (Mahon 1967:46-50; Covington 1958). The treaty satisfied neither the Indians nor settlers. The inadequacy of the reservation and desperate situation of the Seminoles living there, plus the mounting demand of the whites for their removal, soon produced another conflict.
By 1835, the Second Seminole War was underway. As part of the effort to subdue Indian hostilities in southwest Florida, military patrols moved into the unchartered and unmapped wilderness in search of any Seminole concentrations. As the Second Seminole War escalated, attacks on isolated settlers and communities in southwest Florida became more common. To combat this, the combined service units of the U.S. Army and Navy converged on southwest Florida. This joint effort attempted to seal off the southern portion of the Florida peninsula against the estimated 300 Seminoles remaining in the Big Cypress Swamp and Everglades (Covington 1958; Tebeau 1965). The federal government decided to end the conflict by withdrawing troops from Florida. At the war's end, some of the battle-weary Seminoles were persuaded to emigrate to the Oklahoma Indian Reservation where the federal government had set aside land for Native American inhabitation. However, those who wished to remain were allowed to do so, but were pushed further south into the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp. This area became the last stronghold for the Seminoles (Mahon 1967:321).
Between 1839 and 1841, Josiah Gates, along with his family, settled in Fort Brooke (Tampa) and opened a hotel. In 1841, Gates, along with his brother-in-law, Miles Price, sailed down the Manatee River to select a place to settle although the land was not technically open for settlement yet. Along the shore, Spanish fishermen who occupied a group of palmetto shacks showed the pair the remains of tabby buildings reportedly constructed by the Spanish. One of the fishermen led the men to a mineral spring along the south shore of the Manatee, where Gates decided to settle because it was already cleared for farming (Sheppard et al. n.d.:16- 17).
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Encouraged by the passage of the Armed Occupation Act in 1842, designed to promote settlement and protect the Florida frontier, settlers moved south through Florida. The Act made available 200,000 acres outside the already developed regions south of Gainesville to the Peace River, barring coastal lands and those within a two mile radius of a fort. The Armed Occupation Act stipulated that any family or single man over 18 able to bear arms could earn title to 160 acres by erecting a habitable dwelling, cultivating at least five acres of land, and living on it for five years. During the nine month period the law was in effect, 1184 permits were issued totaling some 189,440 acres (Covington 1961:48).
The resulting increase in settlement of the region precipitated the need for cadastral cartographic surveys. In 1843, Samuel Reid surveyed the exterior lines of Township 33 South, Range 19 East and the subdivision lines in 1846 (State of Florida 1843 and 1846a). Reid described the landscape of the general survey area as “third rate pine land” (State of Florida 1846a: 353). The resulting Plat does not depict any manmade features, including prehistoric trails or mounds in the project vicinity (State of Florida 1846b).
Through the Armed Occupation Act, Josiah Gates purchased a quarter section at the site of the mineral spring on the south bank of the Manatee River. He built a log cabin and moved his family into it in January 1842. As early as 1844, extensive sugar plantations and mills were constructed along the river. Two brothers, Hector and Dr. Joseph Braden, purchased land on the south side of the Manatee River at the confluence of the river and a large creek which acquired the name of Braden. They grew sugar cane on their 1,100 acres and constructed a residence of tabby in 1850, later known as Braden Castle. In addition to the Braden brothers, the Gamble brothers, also from Tallahassee, arrived in the area to farm the north side of the river. In 1844, Major Robert Gamble constructed a sugar plantation on the Manatee River with approximately 1,500 acres under cultivation (Matthews 1983:152-155).
In 1845, as the banks of the Manatee were being settled, Florida was admitted as a state and three years later the Daniel Gillett family moved to the Frog Creek area, to the southwest of the project area. Daniel was a Second Seminole War veteran who cultivated citrus and ran cattle in Manatee County. He and his descendants became so closely identified with the Frog Creek settlement, that it became known as Gillette. Over the years, it became an agricultural community that grew winter vegetables and citrus and raised cattle (Snell and Snell 2002).
Although the majority of Florida's Seminoles had been deported to the western territories by the end of the Second Seminole War in 1842, a number of Seminoles remained in central and south Florida. In July 1849, an incident occurred at the Kennedy and Darling Store near Peas Creek (Peace River) east of the project area. A band of four Seminoles killed two men and wounded William McCullough and his wife Nancy before looting and burning the store. This incident created the “Indian Scare” of 1849 in central Florida, and resulted in the U.S. Government establishing a series of forts across the state (Covington 1982:11; Brown 1991:80-84).
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General David Twiggs of Tampa was appointed to oversee the construction of the forts. Starting at the mouth of the Manatee River, the forts were built fifteen miles apart, in order to keep the Seminoles south of the line of forts. Fort Hamer was established by the U.S. Army on November 28, 1849. Located ten miles upriver from Manatee Village "near the head of the steamboat navigation," it lay at the western terminus of a cross Florida military trail (Follett 1856). Fort Hamer was named in honor of General Thomas L. Hamer, a brigadier general of the Florida Volunteers who had died during the Mexican-American War. General Twiggs chose the Manatee River location and described it as one of the finest sites for a military installation that he had ever seen.
In 1851, Joseph and Julia Atzeroth moved to the north bank of the Manatee River, becoming the first permanent residents of what was to become Palmetto. The Atzeroth’s opened the first store and used their home as both a residence and lodging house. The industrious couple also built a wharf to accommodate boat traffic (Warner n.d.). To the southwest of the project area, Edward Sneed and Mr. and Mrs. Franklin lived on what was eventually named Snead Island (Kermode 2001). The island was separated from the mainland by a narrow and shallow tidal channel, which at low tide was passable, if a bit soggy. These early settlers of the area made livings from the bountiful waters of the Manatee River, Terra Ceia Bay, and the open Gulf.
In 1855, the state legislature created Manatee County encompassing the area from Tampa Bay south to Charlotte Harbor inland to the Kissimmee River and Lake Okeechobee. The village of Manatee, approximately one mile east of present-day Bradenton, was designated as the county seat. In the same year, December of 1855, the Third Seminole War, or the Billy Bowlegs War, started as a result of pressure placed on Native Americans remaining in Florida to migrate west. The war started when Seminole Chief Holatter-Micco, also known as Billy Bowlegs, and 30 warriors attacked an army camp killing four soldiers and wounding four others. The attack was in retaliation for damage done by several artillerymen to property belonging to Billy Bowlegs. This hostile action renewed state and federal interest in the final elimination of the Seminoles from Florida. In 1856, Seminoles attacked Braden Castle, which served as a refuge for neighboring families for approximately nine months. During this period, Fort Hamer was briefly reactivated and occupied by a detachment of ten men from William B. Hooker's Company of Florida Mounted Volunteers (Sheppard et al. n.d.:19; Federal Writers' Project 1939:471; Covington 1982).
However, military action was not decisive during the war; therefore, in 1858 the U. S. government resorted to monetary persuasion to induce the remaining Seminoles to migrate west. Chief Billy Bowlegs accepted $5,000 for himself, $2,500 for his lost cattle, each warrior received $500 and $100 was given to each woman and child. On May 4, 1858 the ship Grey Cloud set sail from Fort Myers with 38 Seminole warriors and 85 Seminole women and children. Stopping at Egmont Key, 41 captives and a Seminole woman guide were added to the group. This made a total of 165 Seminoles migrating west. On May 8, 1858, the Third Seminole War was declared officially over (Covington 1982:78-80).
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Residents turned to citrus, tobacco, vegetables, and lumber. Cattle ranching served as one of the first important economic activities reported in Manatee County. Mavericks left by early Spanish explorers such as DeSoto and Narvaez provided the source for the herds raised by the mid-eighteenth century “cowkeeper” Seminoles. As the Seminoles were pushed further south during the Seminole Wars and their cattle were either sold or left to roam, settlers captured or bought the cattle and branded them for their own. By the late 1850s, the cattle industry of southwestern Florida was developing on a significant scale. Hillsborough and Manatee Counties constituted Florida's leading cattle producing region. By 1860, Fort Brooke and Punta Rassa (south of Ft. Myers) were the major cattle shipping points for southwest Florida. William B. Hooker, a veteran Indian fighter and former legislative delegate from Hamilton County, was among those whose cattle grazed north of the Manatee. Hooker's agricultural enterprises at present day Parrish included citrus culture and the cultivation of Sea Island cotton with William H. Johnson (Matthews 1983:143, 176). By 1860, the Manatee County population numbered only 854 people (Sheppard et al. n.d. :21).
In 1861, Florida followed South Carolina's lead and seceded from the Union as a prelude to the American Civil War. One of the major contributions of the state to the war effort was in the supplying of beef to the Confederate Government. The Confederate Government estimated that three-fourths of the cattle which Florida supplied to the Confederacy originated from Brevard and Manatee Counties (Shofner 1995:72). Union troops stationed at Punta Rassa, south of Ft. Myers, conducted several raids into the Peace River Valley to seize cattle and destroy ranches. In response, Confederate supporters formed the Cattle Guard Battalion, consisting of nine companies under the command of Colonel Charles J. Mannerlyn. The lack of railway transport to other states, the federal embargo, and the enclaves of Union supporters and Union troops holding key areas such as Jacksonville and Ft. Myers prevented an influx of finished materials. Additionally, federal gunboats blockaded the mouth of the Manatee River, as well as other large rivers throughout the state, preventing the shipment of raw materials. Julia Atzeroth’s sloop, captained by Samuel Bishop, was used for blockade running and ferrying mail from Fort Brooke to Manatee (Tampa Bay Soundings 2002). In 1862, armed forces advanced up the river, burning sugar mills and plantation houses. As a result of hostilities, new settlement remained limited until after the Civil War.
Immediately following the Civil War, the South underwent a period of “Reconstruction” to prepare the Confederate States for readmission to the Union. The program was administered by the U.S. Congress, and on July 25, 1868, Florida officially returned to the Union (Tebeau 1971:251). The Homestead Act of 1866 allowed African- Americans and former Union supporters to file claims to receive an 80 acre tract in Florida and four other public land states in the south. Former Confederates were not eligible to file a claim under this act until after 1876, when the lands were opened to unrestricted sale for the following twelve years (Tebeau 1971:266, 294). The Homestead Act encouraged growth and settlement throughout the Reconstruction era. In 1868, Samule Sparks Lamb purchased the Atzeroth property and moved his wife and six children to the north bank of the Manatee River. Lamb eventually acquired enough
P05128/September 2005 4-6 acreage to plat a town. He named it Palmetto after his childhood home of South Carolina, the palmetto state (Warner n.d.).
In eastern Manatee County, early settlers to the Peace and Kissimmee River Valleys soon complained that the county seat was too far away on the west coast of a county which covered 5,000 square miles. Therefore, in April 1866, the Manatee County seat was moved from the village of Manatee to the centrally located village of Pine Level. Pine Level remained the Manatee County seat for the next 21 years (Knight 1983:23).
During the 1870s and 1880s the economy boomed with a number of winter visitors seeking the favorable subtropical climate, and an increase of agricultural production with the introduction of truck farming of tomatoes, cucumbers and beans as well as experimentation with oranges and lemons. Cattle continued to play a major role in inland areas such as Pine Level and Arcadia. According to one report, Manatee became a popular winter resort in the 1870s, at which time tourists and health seekers, as well as mail and supplies, were transported on sailing vessels from Cedar Key, the nearest railroad station. Boarding houses stimulated appetites by offering wild turkey, venison, a variety of fresh- and salt-water fish, and lemon pie; one hostelry advertised its “well- tended croquet grounds.” Grapes flourished, but no use was made of them, which led a visiting woman writer to remark that if the manufacture of wine were encouraged, “this beastly drunkenness from strychnine whiskey would very soon be abandoned” (Federal Writers' Project 1939:471). During these years, Jesse J. Robertson operated a sawmill at Curiosity Creek on Buckeye Road, west of the project area. The mill produced lumber for home construction and boards for coffins (Snell and Snell 2002:5).
The State of Florida faced a financial crisis involving title to public lands in the early 1880s. By act of Congress in 1850, the federal government turned over to the states for drainage and reclamation all “swamp and overflow land.” Florida received approximately 10,000,000 acres. To manage that land and the 5,000,000 acres the state had received on entering the Union, the state legislature in 1851 created the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund. In 1855, the legislature set up a trust fund, the Florida Internal Improvement Fund, in which state lands were to be held. The Fund became mired in debt after the Civil War and under state law no land could be sold until the debt was cleared. In 1881, the Trustees started searching for someone to buy enough state land to pay off the Fund's debt to permit sale of the remaining millions of acres that it controlled. By 1881, Hamilton Disston, a member of a prominent Pennsylvania saw manufacturing family and friend of then Governor William Bloxham, had entered into agreement with the State of Florida to purchase four million acres of swamp and overflowed land for one million dollars. In exchange for this, he promised to drain and improve the land. This transaction, which became known as the Disston Purchase, enabled the distribution of large land subsidies to railroad companies, inducing them to begin extensive construction programs for new lines throughout the state. Disston and the railroad companies in turn sold smaller parcels of land to developers and private investors (Tebeau 1965:252). During this period, Sir Edward James Reed purchased most of the Saltsman project area (March 5, 1883)(State of Florida n.d.). On December 3, 1902, the Florida Naval Stores, Lumber and Cattle Company purchased the northeastern portion of
P05128/September 2005 4-7 the project area (the acreage in Section 16 of Township 33 South, Range 19 East)(State of Florida n.d.).
During the 1880s, harvesting of the natural resources, timber and naval stores, fostered industry across the region. Along the rivers, virgin pines were tapped for rosin, then timbered out. Tallevast Turpentine Camp operated at Mitchellville, and W. S. Warner of Palma Sola operated a logging camp west of Fort Hamer. Warner's sawmill at Palma Sola turned out lumber from the logs barged from the old fort down river. Warner advertised yellow pine, cypress and cedar made into orange and vegetable crates, shingles, doors and sashes together with his general store merchandise. He was an agent for Disston's Florida Land and Improvement Company (Warner and Warner 1986). The phosphate industry also boomed during the 1880s with initial discoveries along the Peace River, and across Florida in areas through which the Peace River flowed, such as Manatee County. The industry radiated out across regions of Manatee, Polk, Hillsborough, Hardee, and DeSoto Counties, into the deposit regions of the Alafia, Little Manatee, and Manatee, as well as the Peace Rivers (Historic Tampa/Hillsborough County Preservation Board [HTHCPB] 1980:16, 18).
During the early 1880s, the Florida Southern Railroad acquired the old railroad charter and land grant of the Gainesville, Ocala, and Charlotte Harbor Railroad which was due to expire in 1885. To hold this charter and secure lands, immediate railroad construction was necessary. Construction started in the Bartow area in Polk County and continued southward to Punta Gorda (Pettengill 1952:68-73). With the railroad as a catalyst, the 1880s witnessed a sudden surge of buying land for speculation, agriculture, and settlement in Manatee County which prompted the creation of DeSoto County in 1887 out of eastern Manatee County. With the change, a new county seat was needed. Manatee was designated temporary county seat while an election was held to determine the permanent location. In an attempt to ensure that the seat of government remained along the river, Manatee and Palmetto encouraged Braidentown (now Bradenton) to enter the race. However, the attempt backfired on the two communities when the town of Braidentown was chosen by majority vote as the new county seat in 1888 (McDuffee 1961:277-78,282-83).
Although the national financial Panic of 1893 prompted a decline in capital and investment in the area, residents in the county relied primarily upon seafood harvesting, cattle raising, and citrus cultivation for sustenance. The Great Freeze of 1894 and 1895 ruined the year's citrus crop, but did not kill the mature trees as it did north of Manatee County. From the late 1890s through the early 1940s, the production of naval stores, including the harvesting of lumber for construction and resin for products such as glass, varnish, gunpowder, waxes, and paints, served as one of the fastest growing industries in the area. The Manatee Crate Mill produced crates and hampers for the farming and citrus industries.
A north/south connector from Tampa to Miami significantly opened up Manatee County. In 1915, a group of businessmen met to discuss the feasibility of a cross-state highway from Tampa through Miami by way of Sarasota. A portion of this route, which
P05128/September 2005 4-8 stretched from the Hillsborough County line to Sarasota, was constructed by Manatee County with the passage of a bond issue in 1911. This road was eventually designated US 41, or the Tamiami Trail, but was not completed until April 1928 (Scupholm 1997:20- 22). Developers used propaganda promoting Florida as the eternal garden to attract tourists and new residents. One group of tourists, the Camping Tourists of America, Inc., camped and traveled in motor homes. They moved their home base from Hillsborough to Manatee County during this period. Operating under a state charter, the group chose the site of the old Braden Castle ruins, which had burned in 1903, as their home base (Sheppard et al. n.d.:24).
By the early 1920s, Manatee County was fully involved in the development of the Florida land boom. Several reasons prompted the 1920s boom, including the mild winters, growing number of tourists, the larger use of the automobile, completion of roads, prosperity of the 1920s, and the promise by the state legislature never to pass state income or inheritance taxes. In 1921, Sarasota County was formed from the southern portion of Manatee County. Signs of growth were halted by the end of the Florida Land Boom and the Great Depression. To make the situation even worse, two hurricanes hit south Florida in 1926 and 1928. The 1928 hurricane created a flood of refugees fleeing northward. The following year, in 1929, the Mediterranean fruit fly invaded and paralyzed the citrus industry creating quarantines and inspections which further slowed an already sluggish industry.
In January 1944, the Village of Manatee and the City of Bradenton united as one community (Sheppard et al. n.d.:24). The local economy of Manatee County recovered during World War II, as did the rest of the state. The state's population increased from 1,897,414 to 2,771,305 from 1940 to 1950 (Tebeau 1971:431). Since 1960, Manatee County, along with the rest of Florida, has benefited from an influx of retirees and tourists, making Florida one of the fastest growing states in the nation. After the war, car ownership increased making the American public more mobile and vacations increasingly inexpensive and easier. Many of the servicemen stationed in the area returned with their families to make Manatee County their home after the war. As veterans returned, the trend in new housing focused on the development of small tract homes in new subdivisions and extensive development along coastal areas.
In Manatee County, development has concentrated along the coast with the completion of Interstate 75 generating activity that has continued into the present. In 1993, the county population numbered 233,508 residents. With most of the people residing in the western portion of the county along the coast, the eastern half is predominantly devoted to agriculture, rangeland, and forests. The county remains a major producer of tomatoes, nursery products, citrus, fish and shellfish (Purdum 1994:82).
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5.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS
5.1 Background Research and Literature Review
A comprehensive review of archaeological and historical literature, records and other documents and data pertaining to the project area was conducted. The focus of this research was to ascertain the types of cultural resources known in the project area and vicinity, their temporal/cultural affiliations, site location information, and other relevant data. This included a review of sites listed in the NRHP, the FMSF, cultural resource survey reports, published books and articles, unpublished manuscripts, and maps. In addition to FMSF data, other data relevant to the historical research were obtained from the files of Archaeological Consultants, Inc. No informant interviews were conducted during this project.
It should be noted that the digital FMSF data used in this report are current as of August 2005. However, according to Marion Smith, Ph.D., Administrator of the FMSF, input is typically behind receipt of reports and site files. Thus, the findings of the background research phase of investigation may not be current with actual work performed in the general project area. In keeping with standard archaeological conventions, metric measurements are used in this section and the following report section.
5.1.1 Archaeological Considerations
Typically, for archaeological survey projects of this kind, specific research designs are formulated prior to initiating fieldwork in order to delineate project goals and strategies. Of primary importance is an attempt to understand, on the basis of prior investigations, the spatial distribution of known resources. Such knowledge serves not only to generate an informed set of expectations concerning the kinds of sites which might be anticipated to occur within the project area, but also provides a valuable regional perspective and, thus, a basis for evaluating any new sites discovered.
A review of the FMSF revealed that one archaeological site has been previously recorded within the project area, and two others have been recorded within about one mile of the property (Figure 5.1). JR164 (8MA1203), located within the western portion of the Saltsman property, was discovered during the Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the Gulfstream Natural Gas System Pipeline (Janus Research 2000a). As initially discovered, this Middle-to-Late Archaic period lithic scatter consisted of one modified Florida Archaic Stemmed projectile point, a lithic core, and lithic debitage. Most of the artifacts originated on the ground surface and all were recovered from 10 cm below the surface or above. The site was interpreted as an Archaic period habitation site and more work was recommended (Janus Research 2000a). The subsequent reinvestigation of 8MA1203 consisted of additional shovel tests and excavation units. One additional Florida-Archaic Stemmed projectile point was recovered as a result of
P05128/September 2005 5-2 0.5 01 mile 01 PROJECT LOCATION PROJECT 8MA52 8MA1176 8MA1203 Previously Recorded Archaeological Site (8MA1203) and Zones of Archaeological Potential (ZAPs) Archaeological Site (8MA1203) and Zones of Previously Recorded and Ruskin, Fla. 1956, PR 1987). Red denotes high ZAP, yellow indicates moderate ZAP. yellow indicates moderate ZAP. and Ruskin, Fla. 1956, PR 1987). Red denotes high ZAP, within the Saltsman Property. Manatee County, Township 33 South, Range 19 East (Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 Township Manatee County, within the Saltsman Property. Figure 5.1 Figure
N 5-3 these efforts and it was concluded that the “site extends northward beyond the boundaries of the project corridor APE” (Janus Research 2000b). The site was evaluated as not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
The unnamed 8MA52 is located to the south of the Saltsman project area adjacent to U.S. 301 (Figure 5.1). This burial mound was evaluated in 2000 by Clay and Weisman as ineligible for listing in the NRHP (Clay and Weisman 2000). JR114 (8MA1176) is located to the northwest of the Saltsman property (Figure 5.1). This lithic scatter site was discovered during survey for the Sabal Palm Harbor development site and is not considered eligible for listing in the NRHP (Janus Research 2000c)
Based on these and other data, the distribution of precontact and historic period sites in Manatee County indicates a pattern of site location favoring relatively elevated terrain on better drained soils proximate to rivers, creeks, ponds, and freshwater marshes (Burger 1982). In the Mesic Flatwoods, sites tend to be situated on ridges and knolls near freshwater sources, or at the interface of two or more environmental zones. Using these criteria, several areas of high and moderate Zones of Archaeological Potential (ZAPs) were identified within the ±1200 acre parcel (Figure 5.1). Sites, if found, were expected to be lithic scatter type sites similar to 8MA1203 which is located within the property.
5.1.2 Historical Considerations
A review of the FMSF and the NRHP indicated that there are no previously recorded historic resources within the project parcel. A visual reconnaissance and a review of the USGS quadrangle maps for Township 33 South, Range 19 East, Sections 16 through 20 revealed no potential for historic buildings (50 years of age or older) within the project area.
5.2 Field Methodology
Archaeological field methodology consisted of a visual reconnaissance survey and subsurface shovel testing. Both methodologies were utilized to identify the boundaries of the previously recorded 8MA1203. Systematic subsurface shovel testing was conducted to locate sites not exposed on the ground, as well as to test for the presence of buried cultural deposits in areas yielding surface artifacts. Shovel testing was systematically carried out at 25 m, 50 m, and 100 m intervals, as well as judgmentally. Shovel tests pits were circular, and measured approximately 50 cm in diameter by at least 1 m in depth unless impeded by water or an impenetrable substrate. All soil removed from the test pits was screened through 6.4 mm mesh hardware cloth to maximize the recovery of artifacts. The locations of all shovel tests were plotted on the aerial maps, and following the recording of relevant data such as stratigraphic profile and artifact finds, all test pits and units were refilled.
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Historical field methodology consisted of a preliminary reconnaissance survey of the survey parcel to determine the location of all historic properties believed to be 50 years of age or older, and to ascertain if any resources within the parcel could be eligible for listing in the NRHP. If historic resources were observed, photographs would be taken and information needed for the completion of the FMSF form would be gathered. In addition to an architectural description, each historic structure was to be reviewed to assess style, historic context, condition, and potential NRHP eligibility.
5.3 Laboratory Methods and Curation
Artifacts, if found, will be cleaned and sorted by artifact class. Lithics will be divided into tools and debitage on the basis of gross morphology. Tools will be measured, and the edges examined with a 10x hand lens for traces of edge damage. Lithic debitage will be subjected to a limited technological analysis focused on ascertaining the stages of stone tool production. Flakes and non-flake production debris (i.e., cores, blanks, preforms) will be measured, and examined for raw material types and absence or presence of thermal alteration. Flakes will be classified into four types (primary decortication, secondary decortication, non-decortication, and shatter) on the basis of the amount of cortex on the dorsal surface and the shape (White 1963). Aboriginal ceramics will be classified into commonly recognized ceramic types based upon observable characteristics such as paste, and surface treatment.
Project records, including maps and field notes, will be curated at Archaeological Consultants, Inc. in Sarasota, unless the client requests otherwise.
5.4 Unexpected Discoveries
It was anticipated that if human burial sites such as Indian mounds, lost historic and prehistoric cemeteries, or other unmarked burials or associated artifacts were found, then the provisions and guidelines set forth in Chapter 872.05 Florida Statutes (Florida’s Unmarked Burial Law) would be followed. Such sites were not expected within the survey parcel.
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6.0 SURVEY RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 Archaeological Results
Archaeological field survey included both ground surface reconnaissance and the excavation of 243 shovel tests (Figure 6.1). 137 of these were systematically excavated at 25 m intervals, 90 were excavated at 50 m intervals, and 166 were excavated at 100 m intervals or judgmentally. As a result of this effort, the previously recorded JR164 (8MA1203) was not relocated and no additional cultural resources were recovered. The original Florida Master Site File Form and the first update of JR164 are located in Appendix A. The Florida Master Site File Form updated from data resulting from this survey, is located in Appendix B.
JR164 (8MA1203): is located in the southwest quarter of Section 18, Township 33 South, Range 19 East (USGS Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987; Figure 6.1). The site, as previously identified, is approximately 2500 m2 and is situated between 11 and 13 m above mean sea level in an area of mesic flatwoods. JR164 is located on EauGallie fine sand (USDA 1983).
JR164 was originally discovered during the Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the Gulfstream Natural Gas System Pipeline (Janus Research 2000a). As initially recovered from one shovel test and surface finds (Figure 6.1, inset box), this Middle-to- Late Archaic period lithic scatter consisted of a modified Florida Archaic Stemmed projectile point, a lithic core, and lithic debitage. Most of the artifacts originated on the ground surface and all were recovered from no deeper than 10 cm below the surface. The site was interpreted as an Archaic period habitation site and more work was recommended (Janus Research 2000a). Janus Research’s subsequent reinvestigation of 8MA1203 consisted of eight additional shovel tests, one 1 m2 excavation unit, and three 50 cm2 test units. One additional Florida-Archaic Stemmed projectile point was recovered as a result of these efforts. Testing did not exceed the Right-Of-Way of the natural gas pipeline, and it was concluded that the “site extends northward beyond the boundaries of the project corridor APE” (Janus Research 2000b). The site was evaluated as not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
During ACI’s investigation, 73 shovel tests were excavated at 25 m intervals to the north and south of 8JR164 (Figure 6.1, Photo 6.1). Because Janus Research concluded that the site extends northward, testing was concentrated in this area of the Saltsman property. Shovel testing was not conducted within the recorded boundaries of the site (Janus Research 2000a and 2000b), however, was systematically conducted to determine if the site exceeds the previously tested natural gas pipeline Right-Of-Way. Because much of 8MA164 was recovered from the ground surface, an intensive visual reconnaissance of the recently plowed fields in the site vicinity was also conducted (Photo 6.2).
P05128/September 2005 6-2 1 mile 0.5 PROJECT LOCATION PROJECT 0 8MA1203 Approximate Location of Shovel Tests Within the Saltsman Property Project Area. Manatee County, Area. Manatee County, the Saltsman Property Project Within Tests Approximate Location of Shovel 8MA1203 PR 1987). Shovel tests are not to scale. Township 33 South, Range 19 East, Sections 16 through 20 (Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 and Ruskin, 1956, Township Figure 6.1 Figure
N 6-3
As a result of ACI’s intensive testing, no evidence of 8JR164 was found within the Saltsman property. Based on the previous survey and unit excavation by Janus, no evidence of the site remains in the pipeline row. Therefore, it is the conclusion of ACI that 8JR164 is no longer extant. In addition, an updated FMSF form reflecting the lack of evidence is included in Appendix B. The site vicinity has been heavily plowed (Photo 6.1 and 6.2) and typical stratigraphy consists of an upper 20 cm of plow zone underlain by 40 cm of light gray sand beneath which was brownish red hardpan.
Photo 6.1. Shovel Testing to the North of JR164 (8MA1203).
Photo 6.2. Visual Reconnaissance to the South of JR164 (8MA1203).
6.2 Historical Results
In keeping with expectations formed from background research, the historical resource survey did not result in the identification of any historic properties within the project area.
6.3 Recommendations
Based on the results of the background research and field survey, no additional work is recommended.
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7.0 REFERENCES CITED
Almy, Maranda M. 2001 The Cuban Fishing Ranchos of Southwest Florida 1600-1850s. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
Almy, Marion 1985 An Archaeological Survey of Selected Portions of the City of Venice, Florida. Manuscript on file, Archaeological Consultants, Inc., Sarasota.
Austin, Robert J. 1995 Yat-Kitischee: A Prehistoric Coastal Hamlet 100 B.C. to A.D. 1200. Manuscript on file, Janus Research, Tampa.
Austin, Robert J. and Michael Russo 1989 Limited Excavations at the Catfish Creek Site (8S0608), Sarasota County, Florida. Manuscript on file, Janus Research, Tampa.
Brown, Canter, Jr. 1991 Florida's Peace River Frontier. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando.
Bullen, Ripley P. 1952 Eleven Archaeological Sites in Hillsborough County, Florida. Report of Investigations, Number 8, Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee. 1959 The Transitional Period of Florida. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Newsletter. Number 6, pp. 43-53. 1965 Florida's Prehistory. In Florida from Indian Trail to Space Age, by Charlton W. Tebeau. Southern Publishing Company, Delray Beach. 1975 A Guide to the Identification of Florida Projectile Points (Revised Edition). Kendall Books, Gainesville.
Bullen, Ripley and Adelaide K. Bullen 1976 The Palmer Site, Florida Anthropological Society Special Publication Number 8.
Bullen, Ripley P., Walter Askew, Lee M. Feder and Richard L. McDonnell 1978 The Canton Street Site, St. Petersburg, Florida. Florida Anthropological Society Publications Number 9.
Burger, Brad William 1982 Cultural Resource Management in Manatee County, Florida. The Prehistoric Resource Base. MA Thesis on file, Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa.
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Carbone, Victor 1983 Late Quaternary Environment in Florida and the Southeast. The Florida Anthropologist 36 (1-2):3-17.
Chance, Marsha A. 1982 Phase I Investigations at Wetherington Island: A Lithic Procurement Site in Hillsborough County, Florida. Interstate 75 Highway Phase I Archaeological Reports Number 3. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.
Clausen, Carl J., A.D. Cohen, Cesare Emiliani, J.A. Holman, and J. J. Stipp 1979 Little Salt Spring, Florida: A Unique Underwater Site. Science 203:609- 614.
Clay, Jill and Brent Weisman 2000 Condition Assessment of Significant Archaeological Sites on Florida Department of Transportation District 1 Rights-of-Way. Manuscript on file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.
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P05128/September 2005 APPENDIX A: Original and First Update of FMSF Form 8MA1203
APPENDIX B: Second Update of FMSF Form 8MA1203 Page 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site #8 MA1203 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE Recorder Site # Original Version 2.2 3/97 Field Date 9/5/05 X Update Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Forms for detailed instructions. Form Date 9/13/05 (give site #)
Site Name(s) JR164 Multiple Listing [DHR only] Project Name CRAS Saltsman Property, Manatee County, Florida FMSF Survey # Ownership: X private-profit private-nonprofit private-individ. private-unspecifd. city county state federal foreign Native Amer. unknwn USGS 7.5 Map Name & Date Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 County Manatee Township 33S Range 19E Section 18 Check if Irregular Section; Qtr. Section (check all that apply): NE NW SE X SW Landgrant Tax Parcel # (s) City/Town (if within 3 mi.) In Current City Limits: y n unknown UTM: Zone 16 X 17 Easting 3579945 Northing 3052660 Address/ Vicinity of/ Route to From Buckeye Road & U.S. 301, South on US 301 for approx 2.5 mi to tranmission line follow transmission line west for approx. 1.5 mi. Site is under power line Name of Public Tract (e.g., park)
TYPE OF SITE (Check all choices that apply; if needed write others in at bottom) SETTING * STRUCTURES - OR - FEATURES * FUNCTION * X Land- terrestrial Lake/Pond- lacustrine aboriginal boat fort road segment none specified Cave/Sink- subterranean River/Stream/Creek- riverine agric/farm building midden shell midden campsite terrestrial Tidal- estuarine burial mound mill unspecified shell mound extractive site aquatic Saltwater- marine building remains mission shipwreck habitation (prehistoric) intermittently flooded marine unspecified cemetery/grave mound unspec. subsurface features homestead (historic) Wetland- palustrine "high energy" marine dump/refuse plantation surface scatter farmstead usually flooded "low energy" marine earthworks platform mound well village (prehistoric) sometimes flooded town (historic) usually dry X Other No Evidence of 8MA1203 found during this survey quarry
HISTORIC CONTEXTS (Check all that apply; use most specific subphases: e.g., if Glades Ia only, don't also use Glades I ) Aboriginal* Englewood Glades unspec. St. Augustine Seminole: 2d War to 3d Nonaboriginal* Alachua Fort Walton Hickory Pond St. Johns Ia Seminole: 3d War On First Spanish 1513-99 Archaic, Early Glades Ia Leon-Jefferson St. Johns Ib Seminole unspecified First Spanish 1600-99 Archaic, Middle Glades Ib Malabar I St. Johns I unspec. Swift Creek, Early First Spanish 1700-1763 Archaic, Late Glades I unsp. Malabar II St. Johns IIa Swift Creek, Late First Spanish unspecified Archaic unspecified Glades IIa Manasota St. Johns IIb Swift Creek, unspecif. British 1763-1783 Belle Glade I Glades IIb Mount Taylor St. Johns IIc Transitional Second Spanish 1783-1821 Belle Glade II Glades IIc Norwood St. Johns II unspec. Weeden Island I American Territorial 1821-45 Belle Glade III Glades II unsp. Orange St. Johns unspecif. Weeden Island II American Civil War 1861-65 Belle Glade IV Glades IIIa Paleoindian Santa Rosa Weeden Island unspec. American 19th Century Belle Glade unspec Glades IIIb Pensacola Santa Rosa-Swift Creek Prehistoric nonceramic American 20th Century Cades Pond Glades IIIc Perico Island Seminole: Colonization Prehistoric ceramic American unspecified Deptford Glades III unsp. Safety Harbor Seminole: 1st War To 2d Prehistoric unspecified African-American Other (Less common phases are not check-listed. For historic sites, also give specific dates if known.)
*Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Form for preferred descriptions not listed above (data are "coded fields" at the Site File). SURVEYOR'S EVALUATION OF SITE Potentially eligible for a local register? yes: name of register at right X no insufficient info Name of local register if eligible: Individually eligible for National Register? yes X no insufficient info Potential contributor to NR district? yes X no insufficient info Explanation of Evaluation (Required if evaluated; limit to 3 lines; attach full justification) It appears that 8MA1203 is no longer extant
Recommendations for Owner or SHPO Action none
DHR USE ONLY***************OFFICIAL EVALUATIONS***************DHR USE ONLY NR DATE KEEPER-NR ELIGIBILITY yes no Date SHPO-NR ELIGIBILITY: yes no potentially elig. insufficient info Date DELIST DATE LOCAL DESIGNATION: Date Local office National Register Criteria for Evaluation abcd(See National Register Bulletin 15, p.2) HR6E06401-97 Florida Master Site File/Div. of Historical Resources/ R.A. Gray Bldg/ 500 South Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (904) 487-2299/Suncom 277-2299/Fax (904) 921-0372/E-mail [email protected] Computer Document File P:\FSF\DOCS\FORMS\AR _FORM_V2.2DOC Page 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8 MA1203 Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Form for detailed instructions. FIELD METHODS SITE DETECTION* SITE BOUNDARIES* no field check X exposed ground X screened shovel bounds unknown remote sensing unscreened shovel X literature search posthole digger none by recorder X insp exposed ground X screened shovel informant report auger--size: X literature search posthole tests block excavations remote sensing unscreened shovel informant report auger--size: estimate or guess Other methods; number, size, depth, pattern of units; screen size (attach site plan) 73 shovel tests excavated at 25 m to north & south of previously recorded site. Intensive visual reconnaissance conducted, no evidence of site found.
SITE DESCRIPTION Extent Size (m2) Depth/stratigraphy of cultural deposit
Temporal Interpretation*- Components (check one): single prob single prob multiple multiple uncertain unknown Describe each occupation in plan (refer to attached large scale map) and stratigraphically. Discuss temporal and functional interpretation
Integrity Overall disturbance*: none seen minor substantial major redeposited X?destroyed-document ! unknown Disturbances/threats/protective measures
Surface: area collected m2 # collection units Excavation: # noncontiguous blocks ARTIFACTS Total Artifacts # (C)ount or (E)stimate? Surface # (C) or (E) Subsurface # (C) or (E) COLLECTION SELECTIVITY* ARTIFACT CATEGORIES* and DISPOSITIONS* (example: A bone-human) unknown unselective (all artifacts) Pick exactly one code from Disposition List Disposition List* selective (some artifacts) bone-animal exotic-nonlocal A- category always collected mixed selectivity bone-human glass S- some items in category collected SPATIAL CONTROL* bone-unspecified lithics-aboriginal O- observed first hand, but not collected uncollected general (not by subarea) bone-worked metal-nonprecious R- collected and subsequently left at site unknown controlled (by subarea) brick/building debris metal-precious/coin I- informant reported category present variable spatial control ceramic-aboriginal shell-unworked U- unknown Other ceramic-nonaboriginal shell-worked daub Others: Artifact Comments DIAGNOSTICS (Type or mode, and frequency: e.g., Suwannee ppk, heat-treated chert, Deptford Check-stamped, ironstone/whiteware) 1. N= 5. N= 9. N= 2. N= 6. N= 10. N= 3. N= 7. N= 11. N= 4. N= 8. N= 12. N= ENVIRONMENT Nearest fresh water type* & name (incl. relict source) site not relocated Distance (m)/bearing Natural community (FNAI category* or leave blank) Mesic Flatwoods Local vegetation Agricultural Fields Topography* site not relocated Min Elevation meters Max Elevation meters Present land use Agruculture Fields SCS soil series site not relocated Soil association site not relocated FURTHER INFORMATION Informant(s): Name/Address/Phone/Email Describe field & analysis notes, artifacts, photos. For each, give type* (e.g., notes), curating organization *, accession #s, and short description.
Manuscripts or Publications on the site (Use continuation sheet, give FMSF# if relevant) CRAS Saltsman Property, Manatee County, Florida
Recorder(s): Name/Addr./Phone/Email ACI, 8110 Blaikie Ct, Suite A, Sarasota, Fl 34240, 941-379-6206 Affiliation* or FAS Chapter * Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Form for preferred descriptions not listed above (data are "coded fields" at the Site File). SITE PLAN & USGS REQUIREDAt 1"=300' (1:3600) or larger scale, show: site boundaries, scale north arrow, datum, test/collection unites, landmarks, mappers, date. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Page 3 Site #8 MA1203 USGS MAP
8MA1203
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0 0.5 1 mile
PHOTO NOT APPLICABLE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANTS INCORPORATED APPENDIX C: Survey Log Sheet Page 1 FMSF USE ONLY Form Date 9/12/05 Survey Log Sheet FMSF Survey # Florida Master Site File Version 2.0 9/97 Consult Guide to the Survey Log Sheet for detailed instructions.
Recorder of Log Sheet Marion M. Almy
Identification and Bibliographic Information Survey Project (Name and project phase) CRAS Saltsman Property
Is this a continuation of a previous project? X No Yes Previous survey#(s) Report Title (exactly as on title page) Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Saltsman Property Manatee County, Florida
Report Author(s) (as on title page-individual or corporate) Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI)
Publication Date (month/year) 9/05 Total Number of Pages in Report (Count text, figures, tables, not site forms) 40 Publication Information (if relevant, series and no. in series, publisher, and city. For article or chapter, cite page numbers. Use the style of American Antiquity. See Guide to the Survey Log Sheet.) Archaeological Consultants, Inc. P.O. Box 5103, Sarasota, FL 34277-5103
Supervisor(s) of Fieldwork (whether or not the same as author[s]) Jodi B. Pracht Affiliation of Fieldworkers (organization, city) Archaeological Consultants, Inc. Key Words/Phrases (Don't use the county, or common words like archaeology, structure, survey, architecture. Put the most important first. Limit each word or phrase to 25 characters).
Survey Sponsors (corporation, government unit, or person who is directly paying for fieldwork) Name Falcon Land & Development Address/Phone 1951 NW 19th Street, Suite 200, Boca Raton, FL 33431
Mapping
Counties (List each one in which field survey was done-do not abbreviate) Manatee
USGS 1:24,000 Map(s): Names/Dates: Parrish, Fla 1973, PR 1987 and Ruskin, Fla. 1956, PR 1987
Remarks (Use supplementary sheet[s] if needed)
Description of Survey Area Dates for Fieldwork: Start 9/5/05 End 9/9/05 Total Area Surveyed (fill in one) hectares 1200 acres Number of Distinct Tracts or Areas Surveyed 1 If Corridor (fill in one for each) Width meters feet Length kilometers miles Types of Survey (check all that apply) X archaeological X architectural X historical/archival underwater other:
HR6E06610-97 Florida Master Site File, Division of Historical Resources, Gray Building, 500 South Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone 850-487-2299, Suncom 277-2299, Fax 850-921-0372, Email [email protected], Web http://www.dos.state.fl.us/dhr/msfl \\C cf_ graydhr\dhrshare\FSF\DOCS\FORMS\Logsheet.doc 10/03/97 11:07 AM Page 2 Survey Log Sheet of the Florida Master Site File
Research and Field Methods Preliminary Methods (Check as many as apply to the project as a whole. If needed write others at bottom).
Florida Archives (Gray Building) library research - (local public) local property or tax records X windshield survey Florida Photo Archives (Gray Building) library-special collection- (non local) newspaper files X aerial photography X FMSF site property search X Public Lands Survey (maps at DEP) X literature search X FMSF survey search local informant(s) Sanborn Insurance maps other (describe)
Archaeological Methods (Describe the proportion of properties at which method was used by writing in the corresponding letter. Blanks are interpreted as "None.") F(-ew: 0-20%, S(-ome: 20-50%); M(-ost: 50-90%); or A(-ll, Nearly all: 90-100%). If needed write others at bottom. Check here if NO archaeological methods were used.
surface collection, controlled other screen shovel test (size: ) block excavation (at least 2x2 m) surface collection, uncontrolled water screen (finest size: ) soil resistivity A shovel test-1/4" screen posthole tests magnetometer shovel test-1/8" screen auger (size: ) side scan sonar shovel test-1/16" screen coring unknown shovel test-unscreened test excavation (at least 1x2 m) other (describe):
Historical/Architectural Methods (Describe the proportion of properties at which method was used by writing in the corresponding letter. Blanks are interpreted as "None.") F(-ew: 0-20%, S(-ome: 20-50%); M(-ost: 50-90%); or A(-ll, Nearly all: 90-100%). If needed write others at bottom. Check here if NO historical/architectural methods were used.
building permits demolition permits neighbor interview subdivision maps commercial permits A exposed ground inspected occupant interview tax records interior documentation local property records occupation permits unknown other (describe):
Scope/Intensity/Procedures Background research, 243 shovel tests at 25, 50 m, 100 m intervals as well as judgmentally, photos taken, report prepared
Survey Results (cultural resources recorded)
Site Significance Evaluated? Yes No If Yes , circle NR-eligible/significant site numbers below. Site Counts: Previously Recorded Sites 1 Newly Recorded Sites 0 Previously Recorded Site #'s (List site #'s without "8." Attach supplementary pages if necessary) MA1203
Newly Recorded Site #'s (Are you sure all are originals and not updates? Identify methods used to check for updates, ie, researched the FMSF records). List site #s without "8." Attach supplementary pages if necessary.
Site Form Used: SmartForm FMSF Paper Form X Approved Custom Form: Attach copies of written approval from FMSF Supervisor and Supervisor-signed form.
DO NOT USE **************SITE FILE USE ONLY ***************DO NOT USE BAR Related BHP Related 872 1A32 State Historic Preservation Grant CARL UW Compliance Review CRAT #
ATTACH PLOT OF SURVEY AREA ON PHOTOCOPIES OF USGS 1:24,000 MAP(S)
HR6E06610-97 Florida Master Site File, Division of Historical Resources, Gray Building, 500 South Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone 850-487-2299, Suncom 277-2299, Fax 850-921-0372, Email [email protected], Web http://www.dos.state.fl.us/dhr/msfl \\C cf_ graydhr\dhrshare\FSF\DOCS\FORMS\Logsheet.doc 10/03/97 11:07 AM 0.5 0 1 mile PROJECT LOCATION PROJECT Location and Environmental Setting of the Saltsman Property. Manatee County, Township 33 South, Range 19 Township Manatee County, Location and Environmental Setting of the Saltsman Property. East, Sections 16 through 20 (Parrish, Fla. 1973, PR 1987 and Ruskin, 1956, 1987).
N