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E 463 46 26 30 I6 3 I I 42 US006892529B2 (12) United States Patent (16) Patent N6.= US 6,892,529 B2 Duvinage et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 17, 2005 (54) EXHAUST-GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM (56) References Cited FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventorsi Frank Duvillage, Klrchhelm (DE); 5,412,946 A * 5/1995 Oshima etal. ............. .. 60/286 Christian G?erigk, Lelltenbach (DE); 5,746,989 A * 5/1998 Murachi et a1. ....... .. 423/213.7 Thomas Liebscher, Fellbach (DE); 6,235,254 B1 * 5/2001 Murphy et a1. ........... .. 423/212 Dieter Mainka, LE.-Echterdingen (DE); 6,314,722 B1 * 11/2001 Matros et a1. .............. .. 60/274 Siegfried Mueller-Lunz, schorndorf 6,718,757 B2 * 4/2004 Khair et a1. ................ .. 60/286 (DE); Arno Nolte, Stuttgart (DE); Markus Paule, Kerb (DE) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS DE 4032085 4/1992 (73) Assignee: DaimlerChrysler AG, Stuttgart (DE) DE 10242303 A1 * 12/2002 ................ .. 60/286 EP 0806553 11/1997 ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this EP 0896831 2/1999 patent is extended or adjusted under A * . .. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. * Cited by examiner (21) Appl. No.: 10/372,660 Primary Examiner—Binh Q. Tran (22) Filed Feb 25 2003 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—CroWell & Moring LLP . , (65) Prior Publication Data (57) ABSTRACT Us 2OO3/0209011 A1 NOV‘ 13’ 2003 An Exhaust-gas puri?cation system for an Internal combus tion engine, Which, as seen in the direction of How of the (30) Foreign Application Priority Data exhaust gas, has a particle ?lter, apparatus for providing a reducing agent in the exhaust-gas ?oW, a catalytic converter Feb. 25, 2002 (DE) ....................................... .. 102 O7 986 for reducing nitrogen OX1 de Which is present in the exhaust (51) Int. Cl.7 ................................................ .. F01N 3/00 gas, and a doWnstream oxidation catalytic converter. An (52) US. Cl. ........................... .. 60/286; 60/295; 60/297; upstream Oxidation Catalytic Converter is arranged upstream 60/301; 60/303 of the particle ?lter. (58) Field of Search ........................ .. 60/286, 295, 297, 60/301, 303, 311 8 Claims, 2 Drawing Sheets I : \ 22. If? I E 463 46 26 30 i6 3 i i 42. 4/ 46 a 4‘? 50 , 32 1.... 4,0 23... _1_____1_ ___L____J U.S. Patent May 17,2005 Sheet 1 0f 2 US 6,892,529 B2 y-—-———---* 4; l 2%23 I I w I l l 3 I 35 I I 4! 5-0 I I L 52 U.S. Patent May 17,2005 Sheet 2 0f 2 US 6,892,529 B2 w/w, 42 I I J...__..._ J tun-"m", 3 US 6,892,529 B2 1 2 EXHAUST-GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM With the upstream oxidation catalytic converter arranged FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE upstream of the particle ?lter or With the particle ?lter With oxidation catalyst coating, it is noW possible to achieve oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Furthermore, the upstream oxidation catalytic converter, if This application claims the priority of German Applica appropriate in combination With an after injection of fuel in tion 102 07 986.2 ?led Feb. 25, 2002, the disclosure of the combustion chamber, can be used to increase the Which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. exhaust-gas temperature, in order to regenerate the particle The present invention relates to an exhaust-gas puri?ca ?lter, to increase the temperature of the catalytic converter for reducing nitrogen oxide into the catalytically active tion system for an internal combustion engine, Which, as 10 seen in the direction of How of the exhaust gas, has a particle range and to avoid or reduce the extent of sooting effects ?lter, provision for a reducing agent in the exhaust-gas ?oW, Which correspond to the catalytic converter surface being a catalytic converter for reducing nitrogen oxide Which is occupied by loW-volatility hydrocarbons and soot. In this present in the exhaust gas, and a doWnstream oxidation Way, it is possible to reduce the emissions, to keep the exhaust-gas temperature Within a range in Which the cata catalytic converter. 15 DE 40 32 085 A1 has disclosed a catalytic converter lytic converter for the reduction of nitrogen oxide operates arrangement for the reduction of nitrogen oxides. In that and to maintain the ability to function and operational knoWn catalytic converter arrangement, a soot particle ?lter, reliability of the system over a prolonged operating period. a temperature peak buffer, an injection device for ammonia, The selected combination and arrangement of the com ponents results in an exhaust-gas puri?cation system Which a How mixer, a ?rst denox catalyst bed, a second denox 20 catalyst bed and an oxidation catalyst bed are arranged in a represents an effective overall system Whose components are common housing, one behind the other as seen in the matched to one another. For example, the level of particle direction of ?oW. The ?rst denox catalyst bed has its emissions is reduced by the particle ?lter. The apparatus for optimum ef?ciency at higher temperatures than the second producing a reducing agent in the exhaust-gas ?oW, for denox catalyst bed. 25 example an injection device for ammonia, and the catalytic EP 0 806 553 A2 has disclosed a method for exhaust-gas converter for reduction of nitrogen oxide Which is present in puri?cation in diesel engines, in Which fuel is added to the the exhaust gas, this catalytic converter folloWing the appa exhaust-gas passage in order to Wet soot in a soot ?lter and ratus for providing a reducing agent, as seen in the direction to enrich the levels of HC. An oxidation catalytic converter of ?oW, and advantageously being designed as What is may be provided upstream of the soot ?lter, and an oxidation 30 knoWn as an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) catalytic catalytic converter or an SCR (Selective Catalytic converter, can ?rstly reduce nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen Reduction) catalytic converter With integrated oxidation and secondly oxidiZe hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. catalytic converter may be provided doWnstream of the soot Furthermore, by-products Which are formed during the ?lter. To enrich the levels of HC in the soot in the soot ?lter, particle ?lter regeneration can be oxidiZed as can residual a liquid fuel is added to the exhaust-gas passage. 35 hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide Which may form as a EP 0 896 831 A1 has disclosed an exhaust-gas puri?cation result of any heating measures at the upstream oxidation system for catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in Which catalytic converter. Excess reducing agent, for example urea is introduced into the exhaust-gas path as a reducing ammonia, Which is liberated When the apparatus for provid agent. The urea is introduced upstream of a combination ing the reducing agent or the SCR catalytic converter is not component comprising evaporator, gas mixer and hydrolysis 40 operating optimally and is present in the exhaust-gas ?oW, catalytic converter. An oxidation catalytic converter may be can be oxidiZed in the doWnstream oxidation catalytic provided upstream of the combination component and the converter, so that it is not emitted to the environment. injection device. A reduction catalytic converter may be The apparatus for providing a reducing agent in the provided doWnstream of the combination component and exhaust-gas How are responsible for controlled provision of may be folloWed, as seen in the direction of ?oW, by an 45 the required reducing agent as a function of the operating ammonia (NH3) barrier catalytic converter. characteristics of the internal combustion engine. Reducing agents used may, for example, be ammonia (NH3), urea in SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION solid form or in aqueous solution, ammonium carbamate and An object of the present invention is to provide an other substances Which alloW ammonia to be released. exhaust-gas puri?cation system having an arrangement of 50 In a further embodiment of the invention, hydrogen or components Which alloWs a high operating reliability to be fuel can be introduced into the exhaust-gas ?oW upstream of achieved even over prolonged operating periods combined, the particle ?lter and/or upstream of the upstream oxidation at the same time, With a signi?cant reduction in the levels of catalytic converter and/or of the catalytic converter for emissions and a loW additional fuel consumption. reducing nitrogen Which is present in the exhaust gas. For this purpose, the present invention provides an 55 The light-off temperature of the HC and CO oxidation at exhaust-gas puri?cation system for an internal combustion the upstream or doWnstream oxidation catalytic converter engine, Which, as seen in the direction of How of the exhaust can be loWered by hydrogen or fuel being metered into the gas, has a particle ?lter, apparatus for providing a reducing exhaust-gas ?oW. In this situation, it has been found advan agent in the exhaust-gas ?oW, a catalytic converter for tageous for this metering to take place upstream of the reducing nitrogen oxide Which is present in the exhaust gas, 60 respective oxidation catalytic converter. Furthermore, and a doWnstream oxidation catalytic converter, in Which metering hydrogen or fuel into the exhaust-gas ?oW makes system, as seen in the direction of How of the exhaust gas, it possible to loWer the light-off temperature of the NOx, an upstream oxidation catalytic converter is arranged reduction in the SCR catalytic converter. Here, it is advan upstream of the particle ?lter. tageous for metering to take place upstream of the SCR One of the problems Which the invention solves is 65 catalytic converter. It is also possible to assist the regenera adhered by an exhaust-gas puri?cation system in Which the tion of the particle ?lter by hydrogen or fuel being metered particle ?lter is provided With an oxidation catalyst coating.
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