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Reconstruction & Renewal of Bhuj City

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Reconstruction & Renewal of Bhuj City Reconstruction & Renewal of Bhuj City The Gujarat Earthquake Experience - Converting Adversity into an Opportunity a presentation by: Rajesh Kishore, CEO, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority Gujarat, India Bhuj City – Key Facts A 500 year old traditional unplanned city Headquarters of Kutch district – seat of district government Population of about 1,50,000 Strong Livelihood base - handicrafts and handloom work Disaster Profile ¾ Earthquakes – Active seismic faults surround the city ¾ Drought – every alternate year 2370 dead, 3187 injured One of the 6402 houses destroyed worst affected cities 6933 houses damaged in the earthquake of 2001 + markets, offices, civic Infrastructure etc 2 Vulnerability of Urban Areas – Pre-Earthquake ¾ Traditionally laid out city - Historical, old buildings with poor quality of construction ¾ Poor accessibility in city areas for immediate evacuation, rescue and relief operations ¾ Inadequate public sensitivity for disaster preparedness ¾ Absence of key institutions for disaster preparedness urban planning, emergency response, disaster mitigation ¾ Inadequate and inappropriate equipment/ facilities/ manpower for search and rescue capabilities 3 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING GUIDING PRINCIPLES ¾ RECONSTRUCTION AS A DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY - Provide a Better Living Environment ¾ DEVELOPING MULTI-HAZARD RESISTANT CAPABILITY - Improved Technologies and Materials e.g; ¾ ENSURING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION - In Planning and Implementation ¾ PLANNING URBAN RE-ENGINEERING - On Scientific and Rational Criteria ¾ RESTORING EARLY NORMALCY - Reconstruction in the Minimum Possible Time 4 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING A. Institutional Development ¾ Gujarat Urban Development Company - nodal agency at the State level for planning, procurement, design, supervision and implementation ¾ Area Development Authorities - newly set up to oversee the urban reconstruction process & rehabilitation in the worst affected towns of Kutch B. Programme development/ implementation ¾ Accurate base mapping - 16 studies carried out ¾ Development Plans (DPs) and Town Planning Schemes (TPS) – Urban planning, infrastructure design and implementation ¾ Consultants deployed for - Urban Planning - Infrastructure and Supervision - Architecture and Design 5 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING C. Community participation More than 1,800 consultative meetings conducted for incorporating public objections and suggestions in the development and town planning processes 6 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING D. Planning ¾ Spatial Planning - Land use planning ¾ Microzonation - Land Suitability ¾ Quick Accessibility - defined hierarchy of road structure, suitable width, looping ¾ Creating Open Spaces – recreational and refuge areas ¾ Ensuring Plot frontage to roads ¾ Providing core public amenities / facilities – water, sewerage, municipal buildings, town hall, etc E. Codes and Regulations ¾ Adoption of improved General Development Control Regulations and National Building Code 7 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING F. Equipment ¾ Procurement of Disaster Response/ Urban Search and Rescue equipment G. Capacity Building Training ¾ Public Information Dissemination - Do’s and Don’ts ¾ Trained Manpower - Effective Rescue and Relief Operation 8 The reconstruction task was undertaken scientifically and methodically... Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Preparation Relocation Preparation of of Town Infrastructure and development Planning development Rehabilitation plans Schemes Who was Relocated Those who were land losers to town planning, tenants, those left holding unviable plots ¾ Identification of Relocation sites in Bhuj ¾ Providing Land and infrastructure facilities ¾ Planning for Plot layout and infrastructure ¾ Plot allocation to individuals ¾ Site and infrastructure development - to be completed by the time plots are allotted 9 The reconstruction task was undertaken scientifically and methodically... Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Preparation of Relocation Preparation of Town Infrastructure and development Planning development rehabilitation plan Schemes Development plans for each town There was significant community prepared through extensive public involvement - over 1800 meetings consultations and survey held with different stakeholders... processes... • Local and state govt. officials • Questionnaire surveys • Community groups and opinion leaders • Focus group meetings • Local trade and industry • Ward meetings • Real estate developers • City-level workshops • Women’s, artisan’s, professional’s • Display of maps at the ADA and the groups Consultants’ offices • Defense officials 10 The reconstruction task was undertaken scientifically and methodically... Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Relocation Preparation of Preparation Infrastructure and development of Town development rehabilitation plan Planning Schemes Town planning schemes have been developed after very detailed and exhaustive studies... Base Studies and Analysis Institutional support 1. Base map preparation 9. Geological, seismicity studies from... 2. Total station survey 10. Assessment of relocation needs • Geological Survey of 3. Land use and value studies 11. Inventory of Govt. lands India 4. Demography 12. Social infrastructure • Central Ground Water 5. Regional context 13. Physical infrastructure Board 6. Industry, trade and commerce 14. Heritage resources • Area Devt. Authority’s Expert Group - CEPT & 7. Traffic and transportation 15. Urban design IIT 8. Damage assessment studies 16. Household surveys 11 The reconstruction task was undertaken scientifically and methodically... Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Preparation Preparation of of Town Relocation and development Infrastructure Planning rehabilitation plan development Schemes Land development of relocation sites Construction of municipal buildings, parks and gardens Reconstruction of roads and street lights Laying of treated Water Supply network and a pipeline hierarchy Providing Sewerage systems and treatment plants and solid waste disposal sites 12 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING PREPARATION OF DEVELOPMENT PLANS Traditional markets Traffic Large central Markets/ streets on specific streets congestion market area for pedestrians Existing Proposed No hierarchy of Plots have no Well planned Proper access streets proper access street network for all plots Bhuj City 13 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING PREPARATION OF 13 TOWN PLANNING SCHEMES Previous plot layout New plot layout Before the implementation of the After the implementation of the Town Planning Scheme Town Planning Scheme Bhuj City 14 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING ROAD NETWORK PLANNING Road network in No clear New roads for Ring - radial periphery poor pattern growth areas pattern Existing Proposed No hierarchy Poor quality of Clearly defined Better quality of construction hierarchy construction Bhuj City 15 URBAN RE-ENGINEERING WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE NETWORK PLANNING City only Inadequate Service to New water distribution partly served supply entire city network with adequate supply Existing Proposed Periphery has no Pipes in old New system Reconstruction of piped supply city damaged for periphery city networks Bhuj City 16 Overall Bhuj City Renewal Effort Physical & Financial Achievements with Timeline Physical Expenditure Works Achievement ($ million) Timeline Municipal & Public Buildings 50 buildings 1.70 29 months Water Supply & Sewerage Water supply - 167 km, Network Sewerage - 158 km and including ESRs ESRs - 13 14.00 48 months Road Network 144 km 27.70 52 months 17 Contact Details www.gsdma.org [email protected] 18.
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