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Molntjänsters Påverkan På Komplexiteten I IT-Miljön

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Molntjänsters Påverkan På Komplexiteten I IT-Miljön Institutionen för informatik Molntjänsters påverkan på komplexiteten i IT-miljön Kandidatuppsats 15 hp, kurs SYSK16 i Informationssystem Författare: Joel Klingberg Rasmus Nordqvist Handledare: Ahmad Ghazawneh Rättande lärare: Magnus Wärja Odd Steen Molntjänsters påverkan på komplexiteten i IT-miljön Joel Klingberg & Rasmus Nordqvist Huvudtitel: Molntjänsters påverkan på komplexiteten i IT-miljön ENGELSK TITEL: The effect of cloud usage on complexity in the IT-environment. FÖRFATTARE: Joel Klingberg, Rasmus Nordqvist UTGIVARE: Institutionen för informatik, Ekonomihögskolan, Lunds universitet EXAMINATOR: Odd Steen, Docent, Fil Dr FRAMLAGD: maj, 2019 DOKUMENTTYP: Kandidatuppsats ANTAL SIDOR: 98 NYCKELORD: cloud, molntjänster, komplexitet, molnkomplexitet, IT-miljö SAMMANFATTNING (MAX. 200 ORD): Denna studie tittar på hur användandet av molntjänster påverkar komplexiteten i IT-miljön. Studien tittar både på konsumenter av molntjänster och leverantörer av molntjänster. Genom intervjuer hittas flera områden hos respondenterna där komplexiteten i IT-miljön både ökat och minskat genom användandet av molntjänster. Områden där komplexiteten ökar är genom att fler system introduceras i IT-miljön vilket kan ske genom att molntjänsterna förenklar för- värvandet av system samt förvärrar skugg-IT problematiken, ökad komplexitet på högre ni- våer som applikationsnivå och centraliserad kontroll vilket ökar komplexiteten för kunden då leverantören kan påverka kundens IT-miljö. Områden där komplexiteten minskar är genom bättre standardisering och integration, tar bort lägre skikt som hårdvarunivå och centraliserar kontrollen vilket minskar komplexiteten för leverantörens IT-miljö. Slutsatsen är att använ- dandet av molntjänster ser ut att öka komplexiteten i IT-miljön mer än hur användandet mins- kar den. Rekommendationer som görs för att hantera denna ökade komplexitet är högre be- vakning och kontroll av IT-miljön. – I – Molntjänsters påverkan på komplexiteten i IT-miljön Joel Klingberg & Rasmus Nordqvist Innehåll Ordlista ................................................................................................................................. V 1 Introduktion.....................................................................................................................1 1.1 Bakgrund ..................................................................................................................1 1.2 Problemformulering .................................................................................................2 1.3 Forskningsfråga ........................................................................................................3 1.4 Syfte .........................................................................................................................3 1.5 Avgränsningar ..........................................................................................................3 1.6 Disposition ...............................................................................................................4 2 Litteraturgenomgång .......................................................................................................5 2.1 Cloud computing ......................................................................................................5 2.2 Olika typer av moln ..................................................................................................6 2.2.1 För- och nackdelar med molntjänster .................................................................7 2.2.2 Hot med molntjänster & varför företag inte vill flytta till molnet .......................8 2.3 Skugg-IT ..................................................................................................................9 2.3.1 Utmaningar och vinster med molntjänster för organisationer ........................... 10 2.4 SLA........................................................................................................................ 11 2.5 Agilitet ................................................................................................................... 11 2.6 Agilitet i enskilda affärsenheter kontra övergripande organisation ......................... 13 2.7 Komplexitet genom inkompatibilitet ....................................................................... 14 2.8 Komplexitet i kontroll av IT ................................................................................... 15 2.9 Komplexitet i koordinering av IT............................................................................ 15 2.10 Områden ................................................................................................................ 16 2.10.1 Område 1 - Komplexitet genom större variation i IT-miljön ........................... 16 2.10.2 Område 2 – Komplexitet genom inkompatibilitet mellan system ..................... 16 2.10.3 Område 3 - Komplexitet genom brist på kontroll & koordinering .................... 17 3 Metod ............................................................................................................................ 18 3.1 Metodval ................................................................................................................ 18 3.2 Litteraturinsamling ................................................................................................. 18 3.3 Insamling av empiri ................................................................................................ 18 3.4 Etik ........................................................................................................................ 19 3.5 Validitet/Reliabilitet ............................................................................................... 19 3.6 Transkribering och kodning .................................................................................... 20 – II – Molntjänsters påverkan på komplexiteten i IT-miljön Joel Klingberg & Rasmus Nordqvist 3.7 Utförande ............................................................................................................... 20 3.8 Intervjuguide .......................................................................................................... 21 3.9 Urval ...................................................................................................................... 24 4 Resultat ......................................................................................................................... 25 4.1 Komplexitet genom större variation i IT-miljön ...................................................... 25 4.1.1 Skugg-IT ......................................................................................................... 25 4.1.2 Fler system genom enklare anskaffning ........................................................... 27 4.1.3 Generell kontra anpassad lösning..................................................................... 28 4.2 Komplexitet genom inkompatibilitet ....................................................................... 29 4.3 Komplexitet genom kontroll & koordinering .......................................................... 31 4.3.1 Centraliserad kontroll ...................................................................................... 31 4.3.2 Tar bort lägre skikt .......................................................................................... 32 5 Diskussion ..................................................................................................................... 34 5.1 Större variation i IT-miljön ..................................................................................... 34 5.1.1 Skugg-IT ......................................................................................................... 34 5.1.2 Fler system genom enklare anskaffning ........................................................... 35 5.1.3 Generell kontra anpassad lösning..................................................................... 35 5.2 Inkompatibilitet ...................................................................................................... 36 5.3 Kontroll & koordinering ......................................................................................... 37 5.3.1 Centraliserad kontroll ...................................................................................... 37 5.3.2 Tar bort lägre skikt .......................................................................................... 38 5.4 Sammandrag .......................................................................................................... 38 5.5 Begränsningar i forskningen ................................................................................... 38 6 Slutsats .......................................................................................................................... 40 6.1 Rekommendationer/Implikationer .......................................................................... 41 6.2 Framtida forskning ................................................................................................. 41 Bilaga 1 – Kontaktemail ....................................................................................................... 42 Bilaga 2 – Transkribering ..................................................................................................... 43 Respondent 1 .................................................................................................................... 43 Respondent 2 ...................................................................................................................
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