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A New Classification of the Xanthoidea Sensu Lato
Contributions to Zoology, 75 (1/2) 23-73 (2006) A new classifi cation of the Xanthoidea sensu lato (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) based on phylogenetic analysis and traditional systematics and evaluation of all fossil Xanthoidea sensu lato Hiroaki Karasawa1, Carrie E. Schweitzer2 1Mizunami Fossil Museum, Yamanouchi, Akeyo, Mizunami, Gifu 509-6132, Japan, e-mail: GHA06103@nifty. com; 2Department of Geology, Kent State University Stark Campus, 6000 Frank Ave. NW, North Canton, Ohio 44720, USA, e-mail: [email protected] Key words: Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthoidea, Portunidae, systematics, phylogeny Abstract Family Pilumnidae ............................................................. 47 Family Pseudorhombilidae ............................................... 49 A phylogenetic analysis was conducted including representatives Family Trapeziidae ............................................................. 49 from all recognized extant and extinct families of the Xanthoidea Family Xanthidae ............................................................... 50 sensu lato, resulting in one new family, Hypothalassiidae. Four Superfamily Xanthoidea incertae sedis ............................... 50 xanthoid families are elevated to superfamily status, resulting in Superfamily Eriphioidea ......................................................... 51 Carpilioidea, Pilumnoidoidea, Eriphioidea, Progeryonoidea, and Family Platyxanthidae ....................................................... 52 Goneplacoidea, and numerous subfamilies are elevated -
How to Become a Crab: Phenotypic Constraints on a Recurring Body Plan
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 25 December 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0664.v1 How to become a crab: Phenotypic constraints on a recurring body plan Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Javier Luque1,2,3, Heather D. Bracken-Grissom4 1 Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa–Ancon, 0843–03092, Panama, Panama 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8109, USA 4 Institute of Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA * E-mail: [email protected] Summary: A fundamental question in biology is whether phenotypes can be predicted by ecological or genomic rules. For over 140 years, convergent evolution of the crab-like body plan (with a wide and flattened shape, and a bent abdomen) at least five times in decapod crustaceans has been known as ‘carcinization’. The repeated loss of this body plan has been identified as ‘decarcinization’. We offer phylogenetic strategies to include poorly known groups, and direct evidence from fossils, that will resolve the pattern of crab evolution and the degree of phenotypic variation within crabs. Proposed ecological advantages of the crab body are summarized into a hypothesis of phenotypic integration suggesting correlated evolution of the carapace shape and abdomen. Our premise provides fertile ground for future studies of the genomic and developmental basis, and the predictability, of the crab-like body form. Keywords: Crustacea, Anomura, Brachyura, Carcinization, Phylogeny, Convergent evolution, Morphological integration 1 © 2020 by the author(s). -
(Peracarida: Isopoda) Inferred from 18S Rdna and 16S Rdna Genes
76 (1): 1 – 30 14.5.2018 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2018. Relationships of the Sphaeromatidae genera (Peracarida: Isopoda) inferred from 18S rDNA and 16S rDNA genes Regina Wetzer *, 1, Niel L. Bruce 2 & Marcos Pérez-Losada 3, 4, 5 1 Research and Collections, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 USA; Regina Wetzer * [[email protected]] — 2 Museum of Tropical Queensland, 70–102 Flinders Street, Townsville, 4810 Australia; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Niel L. Bruce [[email protected]] — 3 Computation Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Ashburn, VA 20148, USA; Marcos Pérez-Losada [mlosada @gwu.edu] — 4 CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal — 5 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA — * Corresponding author Accepted 13.x.2017. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on 30.iv.2018. Editors in charge: Stefan Richter & Klaus-Dieter Klass Abstract. The Sphaeromatidae has 100 genera and close to 700 species with a worldwide distribution. Most are abundant primarily in shallow (< 200 m) marine communities, but extend to 1.400 m, and are occasionally present in permanent freshwater habitats. They play an important role as prey for epibenthic fishes and are commensals and scavengers. Sphaeromatids’ impressive exploitation of diverse habitats, in combination with diversity in female life history strategies and elaborate male combat structures, has resulted in extraordinary levels of homoplasy. -
Crustaceans Topics in Biodiversity
Topics in Biodiversity The Encyclopedia of Life is an unprecedented effort to gather scientific knowledge about all life on earth- multimedia, information, facts, and more. Learn more at eol.org. Crustaceans Authors: Simone Nunes Brandão, Zoologisches Museum Hamburg Jen Hammock, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Frank Ferrari, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Photo credit: Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) by Jeremy Thorpe, Flickr: EOL Images. CC BY-NC-SA Defining the crustacean The Latin root, crustaceus, "having a crust or shell," really doesn’t entirely narrow it down to crustaceans. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda, as do insects, arachnids, and many other groups; all arthropods have hard exoskeletons or shells, segmented bodies, and jointed limbs. Crustaceans are usually distinguishable from the other arthropods in several important ways, chiefly: Biramous appendages. Most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches. Both branches originate on the same proximal segment. Larvae. Early in development, most crustaceans go through a series of larval stages, the first being the nauplius larva, in which only a few limbs are present, near the front on the body; crustaceans add their more posterior limbs as they grow and develop further. The nauplius larva is unique to Crustacea. Eyes. The early larval stages of crustaceans have a single, simple, median eye composed of three similar, closely opposed parts. This larval eye, or “naupliar eye,” often disappears later in development, but on some crustaceans (e.g., the branchiopod Triops) it is retained even after the adult compound eyes have developed. In all copepod crustaceans, this larval eye is retained throughout their development as the 1 only eye, although the three similar parts may separate and each become associated with their own cuticular lens. -
55819057.Pdf
GEOLOGICA BELGICA MEETING 2006 www.ulg.ac.be/geolsed/geologie www.sciencesnaturelles.be/geology/products/geolbelgica/ 2nd BELGIAN GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS LIEGE, BELGIUM, 7 – 8 September 2006 PROGRAM Thursday September 7th 8H00-9H00: WELCOME OF PARTICIPANTS 9H00-9H10: Opening of the meeting: the word of the president (D. Laduron) CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY 9H10-9H30: Yans J., Dupuis C. Dating of the weathering processes in the Ardenne area (Belgium) 9H30-9H50: Quinif Y. U/Th dating of a near water-table speleothem in the cave of Han-sur-Lesse - Implications on geodynamics evolution of Ardenne 9H50-10H10: Petermans T., Rosset P., Foriers E., Camelbeeck T. Evaluation and mapping of local site effects and seismic hazard: case studies in Mons Basin and Brussels region 10H10-10H30: Petit J., Taillez A., Verheyden S., Chou L., Mattielli N. First steps towards Cu and Zn isotope geochemistry in estuarine environments 10H30-10H50: COFFEE BREAK AND POSTER SESSION 10H50-11H10: Missiaen, P., Van Itterbeeck, J., Folie, A.,. Markevich, V.S., Van Damme,D., Dian-Yong, G., Smith, Th. The Subeng mammal site (Late Paleocene, China): evidence for a unique woodland on the dry Mongolian Plateau 11H10-11H30: De Vleeschouwer F., Van Vliët-Lanoé B., Fagel N., Richter T., Boës X., Gehrels M. High resolution petrography of impregnated peat columns containing tephras. Principle, applications and perspectives 11H30-11H50: Renson V., De Vleeschouwer F., Fagel N., Mattielli N., Nekrassoff S., Streel, M. Contribution of elemental and lead isotopes geochemistry to archeology in a Belgian peat bog (Hautes Fagnes) 11H50-12H10: De Batist M., Artemov Y., Beaubien S., Greinert J., Holzner C., Kipfer R., Lombardi S., McGinnis D., Naudts L., Schmale O., Schubert C., Van Rensbergen P., Zuppi G.M. -
Sphaeromatids (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae) from New Zealand Fresh and Hypogean Waters, with Description of Bilistra N
SPHAEROMATIDS (ISOPODA, SPHAEROMATIDAE) FROM NEW ZEALAND FRESH AND HYPOGEAN WATERS, WITH DESCRIPTION OF BILISTRA N. GEN. AND THREE NEW SPECIES BY BORIS SKET1,3) and NIEL L. BRUCE2,4) 1) Oddelek za biologijo, Biotehniška fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, p.p. 2995, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2) Marine Biodiversity and Biosecurity, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14-901 Kilbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand ABSTRACT Bilistra gen. nov., B. millari n. sp., type species, B. mollicopulans n. sp. and B. cavernicola n. sp. are described from karst areas in the northwest of South Island, New Zealand. Bilistra millari n. sp. occurs mainly in surface waters, while B. mollicopulans and B. cavernicola are stygobiotic and troglomorphic, occurring in cave waters. The genus is related to Benthosphaeroma Bruce, 1994, Neosphaeroma Baker, 1926, and Thermosphaeroma Cole & Bane, 1978, but each of these genera exhibits its own apomorphies, mainly in brood-pouch structure and morphology of pleopods IV-V. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Bilistra gen. nov., B. millari n. sp. als Typusart, B. mollicopulans n. sp. und B. cavernicola n. sp. aus Karstgebieten im Nordwesten der Südinsel von Neuseeland werden beschrieben. Bilistra millari n. sp., komt vor allem in oberirdischen Gewässern vor, während B. mollicopulans und B. caverni- cola Stygobionten sind, die in Höhlengewässern vorkommen und Troglomorphien aufweisen. Die Gattung ist mit Benthosphaeroma Bruce, 1994, Neosphaeroma Baker, 1926 und Thermosphaeroma Cole & Bane, 1978, verwandt. Jede dieser Gattungen weist jedoch ihre eigenen Apomorphien auf, hauptsächlich in der Struktur des Marsupium und Morphologie der Pleopoden IV-V. INTRODUCTION The family Sphaeromatidae Latreille, 1825, is species-rich (more than 655 species) and morphologically diverse. -
Theuniversity Oftexasbulletin 3101 Plate XII 230 the University of Texas Bulletin PLATE XIII Figures— Page 1
TheUniversity of TexasBulletin No. 3101: January 1, 1931 Contributions to Geology, 1931 Bureau of Economic Geology J. A.Udden, Director E. H.Sellards, AssociateDirector PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN Publications of The University of Texas Publications Committees GENERAL: Frederic Duncalp Mrs. C. M. Perry J. F.Dobie C. H. Slover J. L.Henderson G. W. Stumberg H. J. Muller A. P.Winston official: E. J. Mathews Killis Campbell C. F. Arrowood C. D.Simmons E. C.H.Bantel Bryant Smith The University publishes bulletins four times a month, so numbered that the first two digits of the number show the year of issue and thelast two the position in the yearly series. (For example, No. 3101 is the first bulletin of the year 1931.) These bulletins comprise the official publica- tions of the University, publications on humanistic and scientific subjects, and bulletins issued from time to time by various divisions of the University. The following bureaus and divisions distribute bulletins issuedby them; communications concerning bulletins in these fields should beaddressed toThe University of Texas,Austin,Texas,care of the bureau or division issuing the bulletin: Bureau of Business Research, Bureau of Economic Geology, Bureau of Engineering Research, Interscholastic League Bureau., andDivision of Extension. Communications concerning all other publications of the University should be addressed toUniversity Publications,TheUniversity of Texas,Austin. Additional copies of this publication may be procured from the Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, at $1.00 per copy The University of Texas Bulletin No. 3101: January 1, 1931 Contributions to Geology, 1931 Bureau of Economic Geology J. -
The Formation of Authigenic Deposits During Paleogene Warm Climatic
Banerjee et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2020) 9:27 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-020-00076-8 Journal of Palaeogeography REVIEW Open Access The formation of authigenic deposits during Paleogene warm climatic intervals: a review Santanu Banerjee1* , Tathagata Roy Choudhury1, Pratul Kumar Saraswati1 and Sonal Khanolkar2 Abstract Although Paleogene warm climatic intervals have received considerable attention for atmospheric and oceanographic changes, the authigenic mineralization associated with these time spans remains overlooked. An extensive review of the literature reveals a close correspondence between the high abundance of glauconite and warm climatic intervals during the Paleogene period. The abundance of phosphorite, ironstone, lignite and black shale deposits reveals similar trends. Although investigated thoroughly, the origin of these authigenic deposits is never understood in the background of Paleogene warming climatic intervals. A combination of factors like warm seawater, hypoxic shelf, low rate of sedimentation, and enhanced rate of continental weathering facilitated the glauconitization. The last factor caused the excess supply of nutrients, including Fe, Si, K, Mg and Al through the rivers, the cations needed for the formation of glauconite. The excessive inflow of nutrient-rich freshwater into the shallow seas further ensured high organic productivity and stratification in shallow shelves, causing hypoxia. The consequent rapid rise in sea-level during the warm periods created extensive low-relief shallow marine shelves starved in sediments. Oxygen-deficiency in the shallow marine environment facilitated the fixation of Fe into the glauconite structure. The inflow of nutrient-rich water during the warm climatic intervals facilitated the formation of phosphorite, ironstone, and organic-matter-rich sedimentary deposits as well. -
Family PANDALIDAE the Genera of This Family May
122 L. B. HOLTHUIS Family PANDALIDAE Pandalinae Dana, 1852, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Phila. 6: 17, 24. Pandalidae Bate, 1888, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zool. 24: xii, 480, 625. The genera of this family may be distinguished with the help of the fol- lowing key, which is largely based on the key given by De Man (1920, Siboga Exped. 39 (a3) : 101, 102); use has also been made of Kemp's (1925, Rec. Indian Mus. 27:271, 272) key to the Chlorotocus section of this family. 1. Carpus of second pereiopods consisting of more than three joints. 2 — Carpus of second pereiopods consisting of 2 or 3 joints 13 2. No longitudinal carinae on the carapace except for the postrostral crest. 3 — Carapace with longitudinal carinae on the lateral surfaces. Integument very firm. 12 3. Rostrum movably connected with the carapace Pantomus — Rostrum not movable 4 4. Eyes poorly developed, cornea narrower than the eyestalk . Dorodotes — Eyes well developed, cornea much wider than the eyestalk .... 5 5. Third maxilliped with an exopod 6 — Third maxilliped without exopod 8 6. Epipods on at least the first two pereiopods 7 — No epipods on any of the pereiopods Parapandalus 7. Posterior lobe of scaphognathite broadly rounded or truncate. Stylocerite pointed anteriorly. Rostrum with at least some fixed teeth dorsally. Plesionika — Posterior lobe of scaphognathite acutely produced. Stylocerite broad and rounded. Rostrum with only movable spines dorsally Dichelopandalus 8. Laminar expansion of the inner border of the ischium of the first pair of pereiopods very large Pandalopsis — Laminar expansion of the inner border of the ischium of the first pair of pereiopods wanting or inconspicuous 9 9. -
Midwater Data Sheet
MIDWATER TRAWL DATA SHEET RESEARCH VESSEL__________________________________(1/20/2013Version*) CLASS__________________;DATE_____________;NAME:_________________________; DEVICE DETAILS___________ LOCATION (OVERBOARD): LAT_______________________; LONG___________________________ LOCATION (AT DEPTH): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ LOCATION (START UP): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ LOCATION (ONBOARD): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ BOTTOM DEPTH_________; DEPTH OF SAMPLE:____________; DURATION OF TRAWL___________; TIME: IN_________AT DEPTH________START UP__________SURFACE_________ SHIP SPEED__________; WEATHER__________________; SEA STATE_________________; AIR TEMP______________ SURFACE TEMP__________; PHYS. OCE. NOTES______________________; NOTES_____________________________ INVERTEBRATES Lensia hostile_______________________ PHYLUM RADIOLARIA Lensia havock______________________ Family Tuscaroridae “Round yellow ones”___ Family Hippopodiidae Vogtia sp.___________________________ PHYLUM CTENOPHORA Family Prayidae Subfamily Nectopyramidinae Class Nuda "Pointed siphonophores"________________ Order Beroida Nectadamas sp._______________________ Family Beroidae Nectopyramis sp.______________________ Beroe abyssicola_____________________ Family Prayidae Beroe forskalii________________________ Subfamily Prayinae Beroe cucumis _______________________ Craseoa lathetica_____________________ Class Tentaculata Desmophyes annectens_________________ Subclass -
A New “Extreme” Type of Mantis Shrimp Larva
Nauplius ORIGINAL ARTICLE THE JOURNAL OF THE A new “extreme” type of mantis shrimp BRAZILIAN CRUSTACEAN SOCIETY larva e-ISSN 2358-2936 Carolin Haug1,2 orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-4229 www.scielo.br/nau Philipp Wagner1 orcid.org/0000-0002-6184-1095 www.crustacea.org.br Juliana M. Bjarsch1 Florian Braig1 orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-6012 1,2 Joachim T. Haug orcid.org/0000-0001-8254-8472 1 Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany 2 GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 München, Germany ZOOBANK: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:135EA552-435E-45A9- 961B-E71F382216D9 ABSTRACT Mantis shrimps are prominent predatory crustaceans. Their larvae, although morphologically very differently-appearing from their adult counterparts, are already predators; yet, unlike the adults they are not benthic. Instead they are part of the plankton preying on other planktic organisms. Similar to some types of lobsters and crab-like crustaceans the planktic larvae of mantis shrimps can grow quite large, reaching into the centimeter range. Nonetheless, our knowledge on mantis shrimp larvae is still rather limited. Recently new types of giant mantis shrimp larvae with “extreme morphologies” have been reported. Here we describe another type that qualifies to be called “extreme”. Comparative measurements of certain morphological structures on selected known larvae support the exceptionality of the new specimen. It differs in several aspects from the original four types of extreme mantis shrimp larvae described by C. Haug et al. (2016). With this fifth type we expand the known morphological diversity of mantis shrimp larvae and also contribute to our still very incomplete, although growing, knowledge of this life phase. -
Exceptional Late Devonian Arthropods Document the Origin of Decapod
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.23.352971; this version posted October 25, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Exceptional Late Devonian arthropods document the origin of decapod 2 crustaceans 3 4 Pierre Gueriau1,*, Štěpán Rak2,3, Krzysztof Broda 4, Tomáš Kumpan5, Tomáš Viktorýn6, Petr 5 ValacH7, MicHał Zatoń4, Sylvain CHarbonnier8, Javier Luque9,10,11 6 7 1Institute of EartH Sciences, University of Lausanne, Géopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. 8 2Charles University, Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, CzecH 9 Republic. 10 3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, CHarles University, Viničná 7, 12800, Prague 2. 11 4University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of EartH Sciences, 12 Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland. 13 5Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 14 602 00, CzecH Republic. 15 6SlavkovskéHo 864/9, 62700, Brno, CzecH Republic. 16 7Královopolská 34, 616, Brno, CzecH Republic. 17 8Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7207, CR2P, Centre de 18 Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris, 8 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France 19 9Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, 20 Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Ma, 02138, USa. 21 10Department of EartH and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USa. 22 11SmitHsonian Tropical ResearcH Institute, Balboa–Ancón 0843–03092, Panamá, Panamá.