Papers of Ira Eaker
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Ira Eaker A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress Prepared by Al Thompson Revised and expanded by Laura J. Kells with the assistance of Joseph Brooks, Patrick Kerwin, Scott McLemee, Susie Moody, and Andrew Passett Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2003 Contact information: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mss/address.html Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 2003 2004-07-23 converted from EAD 1.0 to EAD 2002 Collection Summary Title: Papers of Ira Eaker Span Dates: 1917-1989 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1942-1945) ID No.: MSS19331 Creator: Eaker, Ira, 1896-1987 Extent: 77,300 items; 218 containers plus 16 oversize plus 2 classified; 89.6 linear feet Language: Collection material in English Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: United States Army air corps officer, aviation pioneer, aircraft industry executive, and newspaper columnist. Part I consists of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, reports, meetings minutes, printed material, and other papers documenting Eaker's military career in the aeronautical section of the United States Army, particularly his experiences in World War II. Part II consists of correspondence, memoranda, diaries speeches, writings, and scheduling and subject files pertaining to Eaker's activities after leaving the military. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. Names: Eaker, Ira, 1896-1987 Arnold, Henry Harley, 1886-1950--Correspondence. Cannon, Joseph K.--Correspondence. Churchill, Winston, 1871-1947--Correspondence Devers, Jacob L. (Jacob Loucks), 1887-1979--Correspondence Doolittle, James Harold, 1896- Douglas, Donald W. (Donald Wills), 1892-1981--Correspondence Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969--Correspondence Fechet, James E. (James Edmond), b. 1877 Fechet, James E. (James Edmond), b. 1877--Correspondence Foulois, Benjamin Delahauf, 1879-1967 Giles, Barney McKinney, 1892---Correspondence Harriman, W. Averell (William Averell), 1891-1986--Correspondence Harris, Arthur Travers, Sir, 1892- --Correspondence Harris, Hunter--Correspondence Harte, Houston, 1893- --Correspondence Hughes, Howard, 1905-1976 Hull, Harris B., 1909-1993--Correspondence Jackson, Glenn--Correspondence Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973--Correspondence Lay, Beirne, 1909- --Correspondence LeMay, Curtis E.--Correspondence Lovett, Robert A. (Robert Abercrombie), 1895- --Correspondence Parton, James, 1912- --Correspondence Pinkley, Virgil--Correspondence Quesada, Elwood R. (Elwood Richard), 1904- --Correspondence Rickenbacker, Eddie, 1890-1973--Correspondence Slessor, John Cotesworth, Sir, 1897- --Correspondence Spaatz, Carl, 1891-1974--Correspondence Speer, Albert, 1905- Twining, Nathan F. (Nathan Farragut), 1897-1982 Twining, Nathan F. (Nathan Farragut), 1897-1982--Correspondence Westover, Oscar, 1883-1938 Papers of Ira Eaker 2 Whitney, John Hay--Correspondence United States. Army. Air Corps United States. Army. Air Service United States. Army Air Forces United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th United States. Air Force Mediterranean Allied Air Forces Air University (U.S.). Air War College Air Force Academy Foundation Air Force Historical Foundation Douglas Aircraft Company Falcon Foundation Hughes Aircraft Company Hughes Tool Company North Atlantic Treaty Organization United States Air Force Academy Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Subjects: Aeronautics Aeronautics, Military Air power Aircraft industry--United States Military readiness National security--United States Newspapers--Sections, columns, etc. Outer space--Exploration--United States Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975 World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain World War, 1939-1945--Italy Europe--Description and travel Middle East Soviet Union--Defenses United States--Armed forces United States--Defenses Occupations: Army air corps officers Aviators Executives Journalists Administrative Information Provenance: The papers of Ira Clarence Eaker, army air corps officer, aviation pioneer, aircraft industry executive, and newspaper columnist, were given to the Library of Congress by Eaker between 1953 and 1962. Major additions to the collection were transferred to the Library from the Albert F. Simpson Historical Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, from 1982 through 1984. Several smaller additions to the collection were donated by James Parton from 1985 through 1991. Processing History: Part I of the papers of Ira Eaker was originally arranged and described in 1965. It was reprocessed in 1999. Additional material received between 1982 and 1991 was processed as Part II in 1992. Papers of Ira Eaker 3 Transfers: Items have been transferred from the Manuscript Division to other custodial divisions of the Library. Audiotapes have been transferred to the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division. Some photographs have been transferred to the Prints and Photographs Division. All transfers are identified in these divisions as part of the Ira Eaker Papers. Copyright Status: The status of copyright in the unpublished writings of Ira Eaker is governed by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U.S.C.). Security Classified Documents: Government regulations control the use of security classified items in this collection. Manuscript Division staff can furnish information concerning access to and use of classified material. Preferred Citation: Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Container number, Ira Eaker Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Biographical Note Date Event 1896, Apr. 13 Born, Field Creek, Tex. 1917 Joined Sixty-fourth Infantry Regiment, U.S. Army, El Paso, Tex.; appointed second lieutenant 1918 Flight instruction, Austin and Kelly Field, Tex. 1919-1921 Second and Third Aero Squadrons, Philippine Islands; promoted to captain 1922-1923 Commander, Fifth Aero Squadron and Post Adjutant, Mitchel Field, N.Y. 1923[?] Married Leah Chase (divorced 1930) 1923-1924 Studied contract law, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. 1924-1926 Executive assistant, Office of Air Service, Washington, D.C. 1926-1927 Pilot, Pan-American Goodwill flight around South America; received Distinguished Flying Cross 1927-1928 Executive officer, Office of Assistant Secretary of War, Washington, D.C. 1928-1932 Operations and line maintenance officer, Bolling Field, Washington, D.C. 1929, Jan. 1-7 Chief pilot, "Question Mark" refueling endurance flight; received oak leaf cluster to Distinguished Flying Cross 1931 Married Ruth Apperson 1934 B.A., University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif. Commanded Air Mail Route 4, Western Zone, army air corps mail operations 1934-1935 Commanded Thirty-fourth Pursuit Squadron and Seventeenth Pursuit Squadron, March Field, Calif.; promoted to major Papers of Ira Eaker 4 1935-1936 Attended Air Corps Tactical School, Maxwell Field, Ala. 1940 Promoted to lieutenant colonel 1940-1941 Commander, Twentieth Pursuit Group, Hamilton, Tex. 1941-1942 Special duty, Royal Air Force (R.A.F.) to observe and fly new types of fighter planes and to observe British fighter control methods, England 1942 Organized and commanded Eighth Bomber Command 1942-1944 Commander, Eighth Air Force in England; commanding general, United States Army Air Forces in the United Kingdom 1944-1945 Air commander in chief, Mediterranean Allied Air Forces 1945 Deputy commander, army air forces, and chief of air staff 1946 Promoted to lieutenant general retroactive to 1 Dec. 1944 1947 Retired from military service 1947-1957 Vice president, Hughes Tool Co.; represented Hughes Tool Co. at Hughes Aircraft Company, Houston, Tex. (1947-1948) and Culver City, Calif. (1948-1957) 1957-1961 Vice president, eastern office, Douglas Aircraft Co., Washington, D.C. 1961-[?] Chairman, Advisory Board, Hughes Aircraft Co. 1962-1980 Wrote syndicated weekly newspaper column on national security issues 1972-1973 First president, United States Strategic Institute, which published the Strategic Review; later vice chairman and member, board of directors 1985 Awarded fourth star; made a full general as a result of special legislation 1987, Aug. 6 Died, Camp Springs, Md. Scope and Content Note The papers of Ira Clarence Eaker (1896-1987) span the years 1917-1989, with a large portion concentrated in the World War II period, 1942-1945. The papers consist of two parts processed at different times which document two distinct phases of Eaker's life. Part I treats Eaker's military career in the United States Army Air Corps (1918-1947). Part II relates to Eaker's activities after leaving the military, including those as an aviation industry executive, spokesman for the air force and air power, and as a syndicated newspaper columnist who wrote and lectured on national security issues. Eaker maintained contact with military associates throughout his life, and the themes of air power, aviation, and belief in a strong national defense are prominent throughout the collection. Part I Part I of Eaker's papers documents nearly every aspect of his long career in the United States Army Air Corps and is especially comprehensive for the World War II years, when Eaker organized and commanded the Eighth Bomber Command