10310 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 By Mr. RODINO: the District of Columbia., in recognition of PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 6001. A bill to amend the Clayton Act the role he played in saving the lives of ap­ to expand the appl1cab111ty of section 7 of proximately 600 U.S. airmen in Yugoslavia Under clause I of rule XXII, private the act to activities which affect commerce; during World War II; to the Committee on bills and resolutions were introduced and to the Committee on the Judiciary. House Administration. severally referred as follows: By Mr. ST GERMAIN: By Mr. ENGLISH: By Mr. BLOUIN: H.R. 6002. A b111 to amend title II of the H.J. Res. 375. Joint resolution designating H.R. 6006. A bill for the relief of Raymond Socia.I Security Act to provide that the auto­ April 14, 1977, as National Free Enterprise W. Quillin; to the Committee on the Judi­ matic cost-of-living benefit increases author­ Day; to the committee on Post Office a.nd ciary. ized thereunder shall be ma.de on a semi­ Civil Service. ByMr.MIKVA: annual basis (rather than only on an annual By Mr. ENGLISH (for himself and H.R. 6006. A bill for the relief of the Ned­ basis as at present); to the Committee on Mr. HIGHTOWER): log Co.; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Ways and Means. H.J. Res. 376. Joint resolution to estab­ By Mr. THOMPSON: By Mr. STANGELAND {for himself, lish priorities for the usage of natural H.R. 6007. A blll for the relief of Habib Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. NOLAN, and l\{r. gas for agricultural purposes; to the com­ Haddad; to the committee on the Judiciary. PRESSLER): mittee on Interstate and Foreign commerce. H.R. 6003. A blll to amend the Agricultural Act o! 1949 to provide that the ellgib111ty for, By Mrs. FENWICK: MEMORIALS and the a.mount of, certain disaster benefits H.J. Res. 377. Joint resolution to author­ pa.id with regard to wheat and feed grainS ize the President to proclaim the last Fri­ Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memo­ shall be based on the actual acreage planted day of April ea.ch year as National Arbor rials were presented and referred as in such commodity; to the Committee on Day; to the Committee on Post Office a.nd follows: Agriculture. Civil Service. 76. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the By Mr. THORNTON {for himself, Mr. By Mr. MOTI'L {for himself, Mr. Legislature of the State of Ida.ho, relative BROWN of California., Mr. HAMMER­ ARCHER, Mr. BADHAM, and Mr. to firearms control; to the Committee on the SCHMIDT, Mr. MURPHY of New York, MITCHELL of New York): Judiciary. Mr. RYAN, and Mr. BONKER) : H.J. Res. 378. Joint resolution proposing 76. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the H.R. 6004. A blll to reduce the hazards of an amendment to the Constitution of the State of Michigan, requesting that Congress earthquakes, and for other purposes; to the United States to prohibit compelling at­ propose an amendment to the Constitution Committee on Science and Technology. tendance in schools other than the one of the United States providing for the direct By Mr. ANDERSON of California (for nearest the residence and to insure equal popular election of the President and Vice himself, Mr. PATTEN, Ms. 0AKAR, Mr. educational opportunities for all students President; to the Committee on the Judiciary. BAUCUS, Mr. PIKE, Mr. UDALL, Mr. wherever located; to the Committee on the 77. Also, memorial of the Legislature of MANN, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. WALGREN, Ms. Judiciary. the Commonwealth of Virglnia, relative to MEYNER, Mr.VANDERJAGT, Mr. EvANS By Mr. MARKS {for himself, Mrs. a national coal policy; jointly, to the Com­ of Georgia, Mr. ROGERS, Mr. STEIGER, CHISHOLM, Mr. CORNWELL, Mr. mittees on Interior and Insular Affairs, and Mr. ROBINSON, Mr. ARCHER, Mr. Kn.­ MARKEY and Mr. RICHMOND) : Interstate and Foreign Commerce. DEE, and Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois) : H. Con. Res. 187. Concurrent resolution H.J. Res. 371. Joint resolution to provide expressing the sense of the congress with for the designation of a week as National Lu­ respect to potential cancer risks associated PETITIONS, ETC. pus Week; to the Committee on Post Office with past radiation treatment of tonsil, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions and Civil Service. adenoid, thymus, and similar problems; to By Mr. DEL CLAWSON: the Committee on Interstate and Foreign and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk H.J. Res. 372. Joint resolution to author­ Commerce. and referred as follows: ize the President to issue a proclamation By Mr. HORTON (for himself, Mr. 70. By the SPEAKER: Petition of La Soclete designating the week in November which in­ STEED, Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. BALDUS, Mr. des Qua.rante Hommes et Hult Chevaux, cludes Thanksgiving Day in each year as FRENZEL, Mr. BLANCHABD, Mr. TREEN, Grande Voiture No. 832, Paris, France, rela­ National Family Week; to the Committee on Mr. RoUSSELOT, Mr. EDGAR, Mr. JEN­ tive to amnesty; to the Committee on the Post Office and Civil Service. RETTE, Mr. HAGEDORN, Mr. PEAsE, Mr. Judiciary. By Mr. CONTE (for hlmself and Mr. WHALEN, Mr. BEDELL, Mr. WHITLEY, 71. Also, petition of the Ohio River Valley MARKEY): Mr. PURSELL, Mr. FLooD, Mr. COR­ Water Sanitation Commission, Cincinnati. H.J. Res. 373. Joint resolution proposing CORAN of IlUnols, Mr. RoBERT w. Ohio, relative to the deadline for application an amendment to the Constitution to pro­ DANIEL, JR., Mr. NEAL, Mr. WALGREN, of "best practicable control technology cur­ vide for the direct popular election of the Mr. O'BRIEN, Mr. LoNG of Louisi­ rently available" to effluent treatment under President and Vice President of the United ana, Mr. NOLAN, and Mr. PATTERSON Public Law 92-500; to the Committee on States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of Call!ornla) : Public Works and Transportation. By Mr. DERWINSKI (for himself, Mr. 72. Also, petition of the city council, Sew­ ANNUNZIO, Mr. BEARD of Tennessee, H. Res. 471. Resolution to amend clause ard, Alaska, relative to the trans-Ala.ska gas Mr. BENJAMIN, Mr. BURKE of Florida, 7 of Rule XIlI of the Rulea of the Bouse; pipeline; jointly, to the Committees on In­ Mr. CRANE, Mr. DAN DANIEL, Mr. to the COmmittee on Rules. terior and Insular Affairs, and Interstate and DODD, Mr. FARY, Mr. HYDE, Mr. MC­ By Mr. MATHIS: Foreign Commerce. CLORY, Mr. MrrcHELL of New York, H. Res. 472. Resolution expressing the 73. Also, petition of the city council, Mr. MURPHY of IlUnois, and Mr. sense of the House that no ban on saccharin Yonkers New York, relative to quotas on the UDALL): should take effect without prior congression­ importation of raw sugar; Jointly, to the H.J. Res. 374. Joint resolution to authorize al approval; to the Committee on Interstate committees on Ways and Means, and Agri· monument to General Draza. Mlhallovich in and Foreign Commerce. culture.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS H.R. 4082-RENEGOTIATION men. I intend to support efforts to raise I am no expert in the field. But, I did feel REFORM ACT OF 1977 the minimum threshold :floor to $5 mil­ that It was important for the committee to lion, exempt many small businesses hear a number of complaints about the re­ to negotiation Act that have been voiced by from the act. the small business community of Long Is­ HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY I would like to submit my testimony land. With me today are Mr. Robert V. Cox OF NEW YORK as part of the RECORD: and Mr. John Brown of the Long Island As­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. THOMAS J. DoWNETS TESTIMONY BE­ sociation of Commerce and Industry and Monday, April 4, 1977 FORE THE OVERSIGHT AND RENEGOTIATION Mr. Manfred Goldstein, a professional con­ SUBCOMMITl'EE OF THE HOUSE BANKING, FI­ sultant to small businessmen. They will fol­ Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, last week NANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS COMMITI"EE, low up my comments with speclflc testimony the House Banking, Finance and Urban MARCH 29, 1977 concerning the effects of the act on small Affairs Committee heard testimony on Mr. Chairman, I appreciate this opportu­ businesses. H.R. 4082, the Renegotiation Reform nity to appear before your committee today I offer no speclftc solutions, although the Act of 1977. to testify on H.R. 4082, the Renegotiation small businessmen who follow me may. My I am very concerned about the effects Reform Act of 1977. interest ls to outline some problems with this bill would have on small business- Let me begin my testimony by stating that the present act which I hope this commit- April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10311 tee will consider before it completes its work tion Board that they will be subject to dis­ the Renegotiation Board to concentrate its on the bill introduced by my colleague, Mr. proportionate scrutiny if they do business efforts against big contractors and not small Minish. with Uncle Sam. businesses. I know that many of the witnesses you My small business constituents tell me that For, it would be tragic if small business­ will hear today share my concerns about the one reason they are subject to such scrutiny men were driven from the defense procure­ Renegotiation Act. These concerns were suc­ by the Board is their lack of a battery of law­ ment field because of misguided government cinctly stated by Goodwin Chase, President yers and accountants that large defense con­ regulation. tractors use to combat allegations of excess Carter's choice to chair the Renegotiation APPENDIX A Board, who has been quoted recently as say­ profits. In addition, large firms can shift ing that the Board's focus in recovering prof­ overhead costs, therefore paper profits, from Total sales category (renegotiable/non­ its has been "ge~rally in minimal dollar one division to another in order to satisfy renegotiable} amounts-from small defense contractors". the Government--an accounting capability [In thousands) As the chart I brought along with me that small businessmen don't usually enjoy. In sum, my small business friends believe Excessive profit shows, small businesses are renegotiated determinations more often and forfeit more money than that the Board concentrates on them because they make easier targets than larger cor­ fiscal years their larger counterparts. 1972-76 totals For instance, small businesses with total poratlons. Up to $2 million ______$13, 307 sales from $1 to $10 million accounted for 34 I would like to make one final point based Greater than: percent of all excess profit determinations on testimony I have heard as a member of $2 million to $3 million ______8,745 by the Board between 1972 and 1976. In the Armed Services Committee. There has $3 million to $4 million ______10,342 contrast during that same period, large de­ been a dramatic growth in other Government $4 million to $5 million ______7,557 fense contractors with sales of over $250 mil­ monitoring techniques dealing with defen~e $5 million to $6 million ______12,434 lion accounted for only 13 percent of these procurement. Legislation and protections like $6 million to $7 million ______8,501 determinations. In terms of monies collected, the truth in Negotiations Act, the cost ac­ $7 million to $8 million ______4,320 the same pattern holds-approximately $78 counting standards, performance reporting, $8 million to $9 million ______6,750 million from firms below $10 million in total the es"tablishment of the Defense Contract $9 million to $10 million ______6,455 sales and approximately $30 mlllion from Audit Agency, and the Defense Contract Ad­ $10 million to $30 million ______50,068 firms above $250 million in sales. In the past ministration Services branch have all been $30 million to $50 million ______5, 710 four years, over one-third of the excess profit instituted since the Renegotiation Act of $50 million to $70 million ______9,650 determinations and over one-third of monies 1951. It seems to me that these other checks $70 million to $90 million ______1,175 retrieved has come from the smallest firms would certainly be adequate to watchdog $90 million to $110 million ______4,600 that file with the Board. small businesses if they were exempted from $110 million to $130 million ______22,092 I think that the Board's administration of the act. $130 million to $150 million ______22,075 the act has been arbitrary and uneven as it In conclusion, let me say that I firmly $150 million to $170 million ______2,600 affects the small business community. believe in the principle of stemming excess $170 million to $190 million ______5,625 I believe that this ls a clear case of the profits in defense procurements. I also be­ $190 million to $210 million ______government giving with one hand and taking lieve that the small businessman's experi­ $210 million to $230 million ______with the other. Small business defense con­ ence under the present Renegotiation Act $230 million to $250 million______3, 825 tractors are given specific set asides to in­ should be an important factor in the con­ $250 million to $270 million______6, 000 sure their participation in our overall de­ sideration of its future. Perhaps the solu­ $270 million______23, 992 fense procurement plans. But, in effect, small tion may lie in raising the minimum thresh­ businesses are being told by the Renegotia- hold floor to $5 or even $10 million to allow Total ______235,823

APPENDIX B FISCAL YEAR 1972 THROUGH TRANSITION QUARTER 1976, FILINGS SCREENED (OTHER THAN BROKERS/AGENTS), RENEGOTIABLE SALES (Dollars in thousands)

Between Between Less than $2,000 and $5,000 and Greater than Fiscal year $2,000 Percent $5,000 Percent $10,000 Percent $10,000 Percent totals

Fiscal year: 1972_ ------$1,m 28 $1, 147 27 $585 14 $1, 328 31 $4, 225 1973_ ------25 876 31 385 13 891 31 2, 880 197 4_ ------__-- ____ _ 776 23 895 27 450 13 1, 224 37 3, 345 1975_ ------606 26 796 33 364 15 619 26 2, 385 1976_ ------556 22 809 32 392 16 754 30 2, 511 Fiscal year totals______3, 831 25 4, 523 30 2, li~ 14 4,816 31 15, 346 21 134 22 11 282 Transition quarter------____ ------130 46 612 Fis ca I year and transition quarter totals______3, 961 25 4, 657 29 2, 242 14 5,098 32 15, 958

Source: The Renegotiation Board.

A PROPOSAL FOR AIDING RURAL studies at Queens College of the City A PROPOSED PROGRAM IN APPROPRIATE SUB­ FARMERS IN LESSER DEVELOPED University of New York. He has con­ SISTANCE TECHNOLOGY FOR RURAL FARMERS COUNTRIES ducted environmental study courses in IN LESSER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES Meso-America since 1969. In 1974, Dr. (By Dr. John Loret} Loret initiated a program in simple sub­ Today we are constantly reminded of the HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER sistance technological skills in develop­ exploding world population and the much slower progress in increasing food produc­ OF NEW YORK ing a living historical center on Long· tion. Information collected by organizations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Island, N.Y. such as the Food and Agriculture Organiza­ I believe that Dr. Loret's ideas could Monday, April 4, 1977 tion (FAO} of the United Nations, World be put to good use in programs such as Health Organization (WHO}, and U.S. De­ Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, I have those carried out by the Peace Corps, partment of Agriculture (USDA) a.11 lndicate recently had an OPPortunity to review AID, and other agencies concerned with that the world ls rapidly approaching a point a proposal developed by Dr. John Loret increasing food production to satisfy the when it will be unable to feed itself. The to aid rural farmers in the less developed needs of the world's growing population. most immediate pressing problems exist 1n countries of the world. I would, therefore, like to insert this pro- the lesser developed countries (LDC's) where Dr. Loret is director of environmental posal into the RECORD at this time: in some cases more than 60 percent of the 10312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 population are suffering from "protein­ simple hand and animal powered technology do not need modern intensive agricultural calorie malnutrition." (1) Shortages of food into rural and remote areas of LDC's: technological systems but rather assistance supplies have prompted the United States 1. This simple technology can be intro­ to Show them how hand care technology can and other aid-donor countries to develop duced at a low capital investment. be better used and how to integrate what is internatioDJal agricultural programs in 2. Tools and hardware of this technology already known into developing a greater sus­ LDC's. However, many of these attempts in­ are not cumbersome and can be transported tained yield. volved the exportation of western tech­ without difficulty to remote areas using exist­ The major objective of this Proposal will nologies which are oriented towards the ing roads and trails even using animal or therefore be to develop a scientific farmer problems of highly industrialized countries man power. for small system agriculture, with the broad­ using modern intensive agricultural prac­ 3. The users of this technology can be self­ est possible knowledge and skills in simple tices. Such programs had little or no effect suffl.cient as the fa.c111ties a.nd resources for appropriate subsistence technology. on the productivity or increase in the stand­ producing and repa.1ring the tools and hard~ The proposed program will be divided into ard of living for populations in rural areas ware can be almost wholly indigenous. two phases. Phase I, will include twelve of LDC's. (2) Many of these programs were 4. The technology is dependent on hand months of intensive resident training in gen­ preoccupied with production for commercial labor and thus can be used by the broadest eral background courses concerned with en­ markets employing 20th Century technology segment of these rural populations. vironmental and cultural aspects of a spe­ that require adviance knowledge and skills, 5. The simplicity of this technology has cific underdeveloped region or country as well high capital investment, and equipment de­ the capab111ty for immediate implementation as the leairning of appropriate skllls and tech­ pendent on industrial support systems and into many rural areas and family farm nologies for use in these aree.s. The general services. This emphasis on sophisticated in­ enterprises. . courses will be designed to acquaint partici­ tensive technology has proved to be too The main purpose of this proposal is to pants with the physical and biological envi­ cumbersome and in some cases not a.d.e.ptable seek assistanthe family resources. as a focus, the author, has proposed a scheme farm enterprise. to train change agent teams in a comprehen­ It is not the intent of this program to sive program in simple subsistence, labor-in­ replace any existing technology with a tech­ THE PEOPLE WIN AGAIN-CAL­ tensive and appropriate technology to work nology proposed to be "correct" but rather OSHA BITES THE DUST with family farmers in rural areas of LDC's. that the existing technologies be comple­ Because of their small size, many of these mented and supplemented in a course of family farm enterprises could be the most improvement. HON. GEORGE HANSEN efficient users of the land if sound basic eco­ Current agricultural curricula in modern OF IDAHO logical agricultural practices were employed universities in developed countries ls not and by using a technology requiring simple suited for application in LDC's. Many hungry IN THE.HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hand and animal powered tools and hard­ nations are located in tropical or sub-tropical Monday, April 4, 1977 ware. This could result in an increase in environments. Agricultural assistance to productivity in terms of food supply and these areas has been in terms of introducing Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, CAL-­ afford a gain in the standard of living for technologies which were developed for tem­ OSHA inspections have been declared this segment of the population. perate zones and not designed for the carry­ unconstitutional and I commend the In many rural areas of LDC's the exis·ting ing capacity of tropical regional resources, court for upholding the Constitution of technology is at a level more primitive tha.n i.e., mono agriculture, crops dependent on the United States as well as the consti­ the self-sufficient systems which were used in mechanization, irrigation and intensive fer­ tution of the State of California. many of the developing countries in the 19th tmzation. In addition, research in tropical Century. Further, many of these rural agri­ agro-ecosystems have in the past been paro­ The consensus of Judge Green's deci­ cultural areas have never been introduced to chial and discipline oriented. Holistic ap­ s1on is that CAL-OSHA inspectors can­ the many efficient hand and animal tools and proaches are not common and little work has not make random searches or inspec­ hardware technology of this last period. been done to adapt technological finding to tions of private property. The CAL-­ The following are some of the advantages tropical systems. OSHA decision marks the 11th consecu­ which could be realized by introducing a Family farmers in rural areas of LDC's tive time that OSHA has lost a court April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10313 case involving our fourth amendment MY GOSH Subcommittee Member's passing interest in guarantees against warrantless searches. One does not realize how far removed he the measure we are considering today-H.R. Five Federal courts and six State courts is from the realities of today's life untll he 2222. My interest lies in seeing that the long­ in a row during the past 15 months have reads something like the recent report on standing educational objectives of our na­ now consistently voted to uphold the the a.mount of money spent by various orga­ tion's medical training centers are not jeop­ nizations for lobbying in Washington. ardized; and that the authority of the Na­ constitution. It is almost beyond our comprehension to tional Labor Relations Board is not under­ Judge Green states in his decision read that a. postal workers union spent over mined by Congress. that- · $8 In11lion lobbying and that another $2 mil­ Therefore, after carefully reviewing the The Court finds that the facts stated in lion was spent by a letter carrier's union. "decision and order" and the "dissenting each count do not constitute a public offense The first reaction ls "My gosh!" opinions" of The U.S. National Labor Rela­ in that the statute relating to said counts Those a.re just two examples. There were tions Board in the case of Cedars-Sinai Medi­ is unconstitutional and void. Ea.ch charge is numerous other groups and organizations cal Center and the Cedars-Sinai HousestajJ found to be unconstitutional on its face in which spent staggering sums in lobbying. Association, 223 NLRB No. 57 (March 19, that the warrantless searches demanded by To your garden variety citizen who wlll 1976), the amicus curiae brief submitted by the statute do not comply with the fourth probably never see more than $1000 at one The Association of American Medical Col­ amendment requirements of the U.S. Con­ time in his lifetime, the knowledge that such leges, the arguments of the Physicians Na­ stitution and article I, section 13 require­ sums are spent by one group or organization tional Housestafl' Association and various ments of the Californ1a Constitution. to promote their own interests is staggering. communications from several medical schools If they can spend that kind of money to I am convinced that Congress is not justified. Mr. Speaker, the CAL-OSHA decision promote their particular idea the returns in amending Section 2(12) (b) of The Na­ will additionally strengthen the fourth must be enormous and who is paying the tional Labor Relations Act as a.mended to amendment case against OSHA pres­ blll? speciflcally make interns, residents, fellows ently being con3idered by the U.S. Su­ We don't know that such thinking is right. and "other such trainees" employees if they preme Court. The news release follows: We only know that such thinking occurs. An receive "a. stipend or compensation for work CAL-OSHA DECLARED UNCONSTITUTION.~L early reaction is one of massive suspicion. It performed in connection with such programs automatically makes any related legislative or for performing related work" provided that WASHINGTON.-U.S. Rep. George Hansen action highly suspect in the mind of the said today inspections under California's oc­ they have completed the educational require­ person who is aware that In1111ons were spent ments set forth in Subsection (IV) of Sec­ cupational safety and health law have been by the parties affected. . tion 2(12) (a). declared unconstitutional by a. Fresno muni­ One cannot say what ls being done is The reasons I take this stand are a.s fol­ cipal court. wrong. Perhaps that is the way things a.re lows: The Cal1forn1a. safety laws, now adminif;­ done. Congress should be aware, however, (1) Internship/residency programs a.re tra­ tered by CAL-OSHA, were forerunners of that a. report like this coming on the heels federal occupational health and safety ditionally an integral part of the medical of the huge back-door pay increase which education process. Interns/residents are se­ statutes. the legislators quietly turned their back on The court found on March 24 that the lected rather than "hired" through the Na­ and permitted to happen, really does raise tional Intern and Resident Matching Pro­ statute is "unconstitutional and void" and questions. that "the warrantless searches demanded by gram-a. process designed to fulfill the edu­ Whether or not the conclusion is correct, cational needs and requirements of these the statute do not comply with the Fourth the fact is that such information coming Amendment requirements of the U.S. Con­ students--not to enable them to earn a. liv­ on the heels of the great pay raise thing, ing. Moreover, stipends received a.re charac­ stitution and Article 1, Section 13 require­ makes the ethics of congress suspect in tha ments of the Californ1a Constitution." terized a.s "a scholarship for graduate study" minds of millions. and not compensation for services rendered. California., Hansen said, joins federal deci­ It also raises the question as to how con­ sions against OSHA in Idaho, Texas, Ohio, As a result, the int.ern/resident is prima.rlly gress is able to withstand such massive pres­ a student whose relationship with the hospi­ New Mexico, and Georgia, and State decisions sures and whether this ts a problem that can in Maryland, Kentucky, Ala.ska, Oregon and tal is based on an educational, rather than be controlled without excessive restriction an industrial model. Utah, where judges have found warrantless or abuse of rights. (2) Application of the industrial model searches of private property unconstitu­ The theory seems to be that the more tional. money you have to spend, the better your would clearly disrupt the graduate medical "The California decision is a most signifi­ chances of getting your way. The theory education process, since many fundamental cant one," Hansen said, "because it ls against probably works beautifully, but somewhere aspects of medical training would become one of the toughest programs in the nation along that line of thinking lies the wreckage "barga.inable" subjects, e.g., hours, wages, and since it involves the biggest State in the of Justice and equality. Remember them? reappointment policies, rotations, testing, Union. It proves again that with courageous length of training programs. This would not action, rights of the individual can be pre­ only preclude individualized treatment of served by the Constitution and the Bill of each graduate based on his/her needs, but Rights." leave the fashioning of the intern/resi­ Hansen's congressional office serves- as a. TESTIMONY ON H.R. 2222 dent's educational program to his/her exclu­ national clearinghouse for complaints against sive bargaining representative. Moreover, OSHA. hospitals would be forced to bargain about HON. SHIRLEY N. PETTIS subjects over which they do not have sole OF CALIFORNIA control. Graduate medical programs a.re APPEARANCESCOUNT,TOO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES often jointly administered by a medical school and are prescribed by "the Essen­ Monday, April 4, 1977 tials of Approved Internships/Residencies." HON. JAMES ABDNOR Mrs. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, I would In cases of deviation from "The Essentials" OF SOUTH DAKOTA like to insert for the RECORD a copy of my a. teaching hospital would face loss of ac­ creditation. IN THE HOUSE"OF REPRESENTATIVES testimony which I have given today to (3) Implicit in (1) and (2) ls the inevita­ Monday, April 4, 1977 the House Subcommittee on Labor-Man­ bllity of The National Labor Relations agement Relations concerning H.R. 2222, Board becoming the final arbiter concerning Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, recently a bill to amend section 2(12) (b) of the structure, content and form of graduate the Daily Belle Fourche Post which is National Labor Relations Act to specifi­ medical education. published in my South Dakota congres­ cally make interns, residents, fellow and (4) Congress has given the National Labor sional district, carried a very thoughtful ''other such trainees" employees. Relations Boa.rd the authority to define "em­ editorial on the subject of lobbying, and My testimony follows: ployee" under the National Labor Relations its potential for abuse. The editorial STATEMENT OF SHIRLEY N. PETrIS Act. The NLRB did not refuse jurisdiction but held in case of Cedars-Sinai that house prompted one of my constituents, to ask Mrs. PETTIS. Mr. Chairman, for the greater staff were students and as such made the for my comment, at the same time con­ part of my adult life I have been closely con­ same determinations as they have in the veying her admonition that it behooves nected with the medical profession. As a for­ past for students who receive stipends. Con­ legislat.ors to avoid not only evil but also mer: nursing student, wife of a physicia.n, gress defining a particular category of per­ the appearance of evil. wife of a. medical school vice president, part­ sons-interns/residents--as employees rather My constituent's concern underscores ner in a medical educational foundation, and than leaving determination to the NLRB now, a.s the Congressional Representative of would undermine the Board's authority. our need to be constantly alert for any one of the fl.nest medical training facilities ( 5) As drafted, this legislation goes much abuses of the privilege of letting our leg­ in Southern Callfornia--Loma Linda Univer­ further than merely according "employee" islators know our needs and ideas: sity Medical Center-I take more than just a status to intern/resident physicians. It 10314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977' would also convert into "employees" grad­ Britain recently summed up the problem traditional elite which ran Foreign Offices; uate students in other fields-law, arts, hu­ in an editorial that appeared in the Daily and military establishments, and set the manities, sciences-who receive a stipend Telegraph of January 12, 1977. I com­ tone of government. The private ethos of or compensation for work performed in con­ Europe was upper-middleclass, and those nection with a graduate program; t~ereby, mend it to the attention of my who 1had not climbed the ladder aspired to­ overruling two NLRB cases-Adelphi Un~­ colleagues : it. All this has changed. versity, 195 NLRB No. 107, and Sanford A THOUGHT FOR TODAY'S DEFENCE DEBATE: IT The lower-middle and working classes have­ University, 214 NLRB No. 82-which respec­ TAKES MORAL FIBRE To FIGHT COMMUNISM moved into positions of power and influenc~. tively held that graduate teaching and re­ (By Julian Critchley) They have Americanised the social and ethi­ search assistants were primarily students, cal climate of Europe. Their materialism, Has Western Europe the moral fibre that their acquisitiveness, their ability to win for not "employees." would enable it to resl,st the encroachment Mr. Chairman, there are many other prob­ themselves in a few years possessisons and of Soviet Russia? We know that the military living standards which would have been be­ lems associated with the approach of this balance has tipped in favour of the East, but legislation which I will not go into at this yond the dreams of their grandfathers would what of the "moral factor"-first identified put any American to Slhame. time. However, I would like to add one final by van Clausewitz-which, by giving peoples note, lest the interns, residents and clinical and politicians the will to resist, should un­ THE NEW ISOLATIONISTS fellows of this country feel I am unmoved derpin Western d'efence? Have the changes Moreover, these people are not just inter­ by their representational claim that their in Western European societies in the past 25 ested in politics, for unlike their American primary interest for "employee status" is the years weakened or strengthened our resolve? counterparts they are not involved in the­ improvement of patient care. The changes in attitudes that have taken political processes and seem to have no wish. I do not doubt for one instant that their place are dramatic in their effect. There has to be involved. They are European isolation­ claim is anything but sincere. But I do ~at been a growing materialism, with material ists in the same sense that their cousins in believe that the introduction of a third values overtaking the spiritual at the expense America were isolationists 50 years ago. They party-the collective bargaining process­ of a readiness to serve and sacrifice. Idealism, can see no point in standing up to the Soviet. into what traditionally has been a two party such as exists, is directed either towards Union when time could be more usefully oc­ relationship-patient-physici,an-wm serve social problems or the Third World. Much cupied watching football or television. the interests of either our medical training of it is Marxist-inspired. I do not exaggerate. In a study made for system or the quality of patient care. In fact, the years 1972-73 by the Social Service In­ Yet another change has been the decline stitute of the German Armed Forces, 24.3 nothing will jeopardize the quality of our of religion, the increasing secularisation of medical training and patient care more than per cent of men in uniform saw no sense at. thought. The West is challenged by Marx­ all in their military service, 26.3 per cent our allowing yet another governmental ism-a religion of sorts; can we meet this body-the National Labor Relations Board­ saw little sense, 21.4 per cent saw some challenge without the transcendental factor sense, but then modified their view, while to intervene between patient and physician in our moral and mental make-up? Religion for whatever reason. only 2.1 per cent. saw very much sense in Whose interest are we really serving by has been a cement both for men and nations: their military service. will it be enough to put prosperity in its Two world wars have debilitated the will allowing an agency-the NLRB-whose ex­ place? pertise is not rendering quality medical care of peoples and Governments. There is a feel­ but arbitrating labor-management griev­ A third change has been the end of patri­ ing in Europe, not always articulated but ances-to decide whether a first year resi­ otism. The nation-State survives but without prevalent, that almost any policy is better dent must take calls at night when it is the legitimacy of public affection. What is than war-for war only destroys without inherently necessary for any physician to terrifying is that the politicians have put settling anything. At one level this is reason­ have had the experience of around-the­ 'nothing in its place. The unity of Europe able enough, for no one in his right mind clock patient care? How are we helping the ought to be an end in itself, just as the unifi­ would wish that we took war lightly; but, at patient by leaving it to collective bargaining cation of Germany and Italy, or of the con­ another level, should not one ask whether a whether a physician has taken enough medi­ tinental United States were "ends" in them­ philosophy of pacifism in a world where few cal histories, observed enough surgery, or selves, but we have been sold Europe not as are pacifist is itself an health attitude? read enough EKG's so that no more of the a super-State to which we should owe love There is also a tendency towards defeatism. same should be required of him/her? Ir­ and loyalty, but as a super-market. Armies are generally regarded as superfluous, relevant questions? Hardly. These areas con­ There is, too, a growing hostlUty towards if not dangerous. The armed forces enjoy a. ceivably fall under bargainable "working history, the teaching of which is, in some lower social prestige, unlike their counter­ conditions." parts of Europe, being positively discouraged. parts in the Soviet Union. The Swiss sociolo­ Mr. Chairman, I submit that individually In its stead are to be found sociology and gist, Rolf Biegler in his recently published and collectively the effects of this legislation political science with their blueprints for the book "The Lonely Soldier" comes to the con­ would seriously reduce the effectiveness of future. After all, what has history to teach clusion that the defence of a country is seri­ medical training programs to the detriment us but wrong and out-dated ideas? Those ously endangered when defence and the sol­ of new physicians and the society at large, who would manipulate our future must first dier no longer enjoy public prestige, and and therefore, strongly urge its defeat. destroy our past. when the public feels that their armed forces In the West we overempihasise our rights are no longer really capable of assuring the and ignore our duties. Words like "service" defence of the country anyway. and "duty" are thought old-fashioned. We Are the politicians to blame? As power has make higher and higher claims on the State IT TAKES MORAL FIBER TO FIGHT passed from the MP, first to his party, then for this and that benefit, without being pre­ to the Executive, and ·now to the bureauc­ COMMUNISM pared to pay the price in terms of taxes and racy and beyond so popular democracy has service. We have become hyper-critical of been substituted for the Parliamentary kind. our own societies, of our own Governments, We do not lead, we follow. We tend to make HON. LARRY McDONALD of our own institutions. We have been en·­ sure first what is the trend of public opin­ OF GEORGIA couraged to develop feelings of guilt, guilt for our paist; guilt at the idea that our West­ ion, and then pronounce ourselves in favour IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ern societies are "capitalistic" and hence of it. And in which country in Western Europe is public opinion in favour of de­ Monday, April 4, 1977 morally inferior to "socialist" societies. We tend to forget that capitalism as a wealth­ fence spending when it is not constantly Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, each producing mechanism actually works, at and courageously reminded of its vital neces­ year in this body we debate how much least in those countries of Western Europe sity? If the Britlsh Government cuts defence defense spending is enough for the needs where it is allowed to do so. spending four times in less than three years, We have also been tricked into accepting is it any wonder that the public continues of the security of this Nation. Each year to put defence spending at the bottom of its the debate rages as to whether we have the false notion that the quarrel between Nato and the Warsaw Pact is one between list of priorities? enough or too few of a given weapon. capitalism and socialism-in other words How do the Russians regard us? We can However as was recently pointed out, that we are prepared to fight, if need be, for hide nothing. They see our present con­ it takes ~ore than weapons to resist an dollars and Deutsche Marks-whereas our fusions as the fruit of their policy of detente. enemy. There has to be the will to fight opponents are the defenders of the rights They will cling to that policy. As we weaken, and win. We all recall the story of France of the common man. The issue that divides they will become more truculent and de­ East from West is not capitalism versus so­ manding. Sooner or later they will try to prior to World War II wherein it had translate their military superiority into po­ tanks superior to the Germans and a cialism but liberty. 'Ilhese changes, intellectuaJ. and moral, litical advantage. At what point can we, and good Air Force, but these were of no which I have listed, have weakened the West. will we, resist? avail because the leadership of the coun­ They mark the profound nature of the social And a.re Russians convinced that we are try and the rank and file soldier lacked revolution which Europe has experienced still capable of resistance, not only militarily the resolve to fight. The Honorable Julian since the war: but intellectually and morally? May they not Critchley, Conservative M.P. in Great Until recently, Europe was governed by a come to believe that the whole structure of April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10315 Western defence, including the deterrent and help avoid any disruption in the tened to him almost daily will also miss which depends for its credibility on the will marketing of grain. his voice. to use it, is but a pack of cards? I have cosponsored a bill identical to My wife, Lee, joins me in expressing The policy of detente is not new. It is S. 1051 and am hopeful my colleagues our sincere condolences to Denis Brack­ peaceful co-existence under another name. Its essence is that there shall be no war but will act favorably on this proposal. en's lovely wife, Bee, and their children, that the ideological struggle should be waged Kathleen and Denis, Jr. most intensely. What does that mean !or our -defence? It surely means that we must pay much more attention to the intellectual and DENIS BRACKEN moral factors that underpin defence. HISPANIC-AMERICANS LEARN THE What the West needs is leadership. Leader­ GAME OF POLITICS -ship that would restore our self-confidence. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON Leadership that would offer the peoples of OF CALIFORNIA Europe the objective of unity. Leadership HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that would take the ideological offensive. For OF COLORADO we have the more powerful ideology. The Monday, April 4, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES idea of the rule of law, the idea of personal freedom, the idea of human dignity are ex­ Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. Monday, April 4, 1977 tremely powerful ideas. They have agitated Speaker, in this age of the specialist, it humanity for centuries and their appeal is is becoming increasingly rare to see a Mr. WffiTH. Mr. Speaker, William fresh and inexhaustible. Should we not de­ person who routinely displays a wide Greider's article "Hispanic-Americans ploy them before it is too late? variety of interests and abilities in his Learn the Game of Politics" is an excel­ everyday life. Denis Bracken, radio re­ lent outline of one of the important pres­ porter and personality for KNX in Los ent and future forces in Ame.rican poli­ Angeles, was truly a "renaissance man" tics. Hispanic-Americans number 11 REFORM OF THE FEDERAL GRAIN in modern broadcasting. His unfortunate million in the United States, and are INSPECTION SERVICE demise last Sunday, March 2 7, was a starting to forge the kind of organiza­ cause of sadness not only to his family tion needed to make their voice heard. and friends, but also to the many people This is particularly important in HON. RICHARD H. ICHORD States like Colorado, where the large OF MISSOURI who had listened to his programs and re­ ports over the years. Chicano population has already made a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A native of New York City, "Deni" governmental impact, and as a large mi­ Monday, April 4, 1977 Bracken, as he was known to his au­ nority g.roup, is more clearly heard every day. Mr. !CHORD. Mr. Speaker, as you dience, was a graduate of Fordham Uni­ versity where he worked as a student If we are serious about this democracy, know the Senate unanimously passed it is essential that all members of the S. 1051 to eliminate record.keeping re­ sportscaster. After starting his profes­ sional career in Syracuse, N.Y., he moved society have a fair stake and clear role. quirements and supervision fees estab­ And to achieve these goals, organization lished by the U.S. Grain Standards Act to San Diego as a reporter for radio sta­ tion KSON in 1959. Bracken joined the must come from the grassroots, while of 1976, and to establish a temporary help affirmative action, and support committee to advise the Federal Grain KNX news team in 1963, where he worked until his passing this week at the comes from governmental institutions Inspection Service Administrator on and elected representatives. March 30, 1977. I hope the House of Rep­ age of 45. Versatility is the word that best de­ Mr. Greider's good article once again resentatives will take expeditious action reminds us of the continuing quest for to see that this legislation receives fa­ scribes Denis' career. He was probably best known for his 6-day a week "Meet justice and equity in a democratic so­ vorable action. ciety-a quest we must all recommit our­ This legislation makes necessary the Chef" radio show, which was broad­ cast nationally by CBS. In addition, he selves to every day. I commend it to my changes in the Federal Grain Standards colleagues: Act passed late last year by Congress. handled regular features such as "Voice of the People" and "Citizen of the Week," HISPANIC-AMERICANS LEARN THE GAME OF The bill repeals provisions for inspection POLITICS and weighing by country elevators, as However, Bracken never lost touch with well as any payment of fees by them. The hard news, and often handled breaking (By William Greider) cost of weighing and inspection by Fed­ stories of major importance. His last The enduring puzzle of modern politics in­ assignment was yet another tribute to volves a bit of magic-how do invisible peo­ eral agencies will be by appropriated ple make themselves seen and heard? funds to the Federal Grain Inspection his wide-ranging abilities as he handled The black minority figured it out. Now it Act. Commercial grain elevators are now the commentary for the Santa Anita appears that another vast constituency, long required to keep for 5 years records of Derby horse race. neglected, not listened to much, is beginning purchases, sales, transportation, storage, I came to know Denis over the years to learn the trick: the 11 million Hispa.nic­ weighing, handling, treating, cleaning, as an excellent interviewer on a wide Americans. drying, blending, and processing of var­ variety of issues. He had a way of ask­ "Hispanics are learning how the game is ing probing, intelligent questions while played," said Alfonso Ludi, an equal-oppor­ ious types of grains. This bill repeals pro­ tunity officer at NASA by day and a commu­ visions of the previous law requiring lo­ at the same time making one feel relaxed nity activist on his own time. cal elevators to keep records to 5 years. and at ease. At the same time, few stones Willie Velasquez, of San Antonio, who Export elevators would still be required were left unturned-and I always came heads the Southwest Voter Registration Edu­ to keep records on file of grain samples away impressed with his preparation in cation Project, explains: "It's similar to what for 5 years. This proposal would help obtaining background knowledge on the happened in the South with blacks. The same alleviate the bureaucratic problems of issues. thing is happening with Latinos except we're a couple years behind. But there's no ques­ the small businesses having to comply Through the wide variety of coverage tion that political action is the priority now." with these ridiculous recordkeeping re­ he handled on radio news, Denis Bracken Rep. Edward R. Roybal, the Los Angeles quirements. became one of the best known broadcast­ Democrat who ha.s started a fledgling five­ In addition, the bill would create a ing personalities in southern California. member Latino Caucus on Capitol Hill, puts seven-member advisory committee from No matter what one's interests were, the transition in this perspective: "I still all segments of the grain industry, from there was a good chance that a Los An­ think we're in a gray area.. I don't think you farmers to consumers, to advise the Ad­ geles area resident had at some time could say the Hispanic community is being listened to Denis Bracken doing a story recognized yet, but the potential is there. ministrator of FGIS on regulation devel­ There's a different attitude." opment, registration requirements for on it. This versatility made him one While these things are impossible to meas­ export elevators, weighing provisions, of the mainstays of the KNX news radio ure, Washington does have some tangible evi­ and improvement of grain standards. staff, and he will surely be missed by dence that the citizens of Spanish origin, This advisory committee would allow those who worked with him over the from Mexican-Americans to Puerto Ricans thorough examination of the regulations years. Those of us who knew and lis- are influencing the political decisionmaking 10316 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 with more force and more sophistication. is reflected in the greater sophistication and civil libertarians who fear broad-brush police This does not mean the millennium is at more substantial political muscle which has actions. hand-any more than blacks have arrived at eclipsed them. The consensus position of the Hispanics their political objectives. Still, the change is One place where Hispanics have made a now is that they would go along with tougher evident from a few years ago when the wide small but important beachhead is in the fed­ controls only with these conditions: The array of Hispanic groups often squabbled eral government itself-the "ghetto in pub­ government grants an amnesty to the 8.5 among themselves and watched in frustra­ lic service," as Ludi called the equal-oppor­ million "undocument~d workers" (5.5 mil­ tion as other special interests moved in on tunity offices in federal agencies. This at lion are Hispanic) who are already living and the pie-especially federal jobs and funds. least gives them access to make the com­ working in this country; the government Consider these scattered examples: plaint, to gather the data and churn the creates some sort of reliable identity card The heat is rising on President Carter to political system. for job-seekers so that Mexican-Americans follow through on his generous campaign Their favorite statistics are these: from will not be discriminated against; the gov­ promises of jobs for Hispanic-Americans, 1968 to 1975, a period when minority em­ ernment launches a long-range trade-and-aid whose disappointment ranges from mild to ployment was supposedly a priority, the fed­ program for Mexico to solve the problem at furious. While some groups work with a eral government increased its Hispanic job­ its source. velvet glove of low-key persuasion, others a.re holders only from 2.8 to 3.3 per cent. They While the prospects for settlement are keeping their "frustration visible," a.s Ludi expect Carter to do better, faster. mixed at best, the Lat~o position suggests put it. On the other hand, Ludi said, access and what some see as another future issue­ This month, the Hispanic-American arch­ prodding do change things, as he has learned when Hispanic-Americans develop a bishop of Sante Fe, N.M., the Most Rev. Rob­ at NASA. The agency was burned by contro­ heightened sense of foreign-policy interests ert Sanchez, is scheduled. to celebrate a. versy when its well-known civil rights officer just as other ethnic groups, Jews and Irish special mass at the Lincoln Memorial, fol­ was fl.red. In the year which followed, Ludl and blacks, have tried to help ancestral lowed by La Marcha ae Reconocimiento­ said, equal-opportunity hiring improved homelands through U.S. diplomacy. Ma.rch of Recognition-around the White considerably-including 33 Hispanic engi­ That development is still a ways off. But House. Ludi, an organizer, accused the Carter neers, slightly more than the number of these things do change. "It's not really very administration of lapsing into "the business­ black engineers hired. strong right now, but it's growing," said Sal­ as-usual treatment of our needs as soon as The black-brown conflict keeps popping dana.. "We wm begin to take positions on the election ends." up. Manuel Fierro, president of El Congreso, things like the Panama Canal treaty. We're Some Hispanic spokesmen are confronting, a lobbying coalition, wrote a very strong let­ gathering momentum. We're beginning to on a. number of levels, the traditional priori­ ter last month to HEW Secretary Joseph A. see a broader picture." ties of filling minority-designated jobs with Ca.Ufa.no. Jr., opposing the appointment of blacks. W11lia.m Robinson as director of HEW's Office "Generally, I think our goals are similar," of Civil Rights. Robinson is black and gen­ said Lupe Saldana, an equal-opportunity eral counsel of the Equal Employment Op­ portunities Commission, where Fierro claims MAYOR RIZZO DESIGNATES WEEK officer at the Environmental Protection OF APRIL 17-24 AS RED MAGEN Agency and Washington representative for he neglected Hispanic employment discrimi­ the GI Forum. "But we do find that history antion. DAVID WEEK IN PHILADELPHIA has put the blacks in almost as our middle­ "We've got to overcome this idea that civil man, where we have to go to him for our rights positions a.re only for blacks," Fierro HON. JOSHUA EILBERG money and our jobs, and we don't like that said. "They called us, trying to get us to­ particularly." gether, and I said, look, I'm not interested in OF PENNSYLVANIA The Mexican-American viewpoint, which trying to sensitize him any more. He ought IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be sensitized already." has become much more unified in the last Monday, April 4, 1977 two years, is now a.n important factor in El Congreso has been shot down on some whatever legislation organized labor hopes other initiatives. Fierro lobbied in vain for Hispanics to serve as EEOC chairman and a.s Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, Mayor to attain on the problem of illegal aliens Frank L. Rizzo has issued a proclama­ from Mexico. The combined forcu of Hispanic assistant secretary of state for Latin Amer- groups might not be strong enough to sell ica.. · tion designating the week of April 17-24 all of their own proposals, but it is acknowl­ On the other hand, the Carter administra­ as Red Magen David Week in Philadel­ tion has made at l_east three Hispanic ap­ phia, and a copy of that proclamation edged that they can ally themselves with pointments to jobs at the assistant secretary other interests to help kill the legislation, has been presented by Managing Direc­ as they did last year. level-including the new commissioner of immigration and naturalization, Leonel Cas­ tor Hillel S. Levinson to Joseph A. Katz, The Hispanic groups went head-to-head tillo of Houston; So Fierro and other leaders president of Liberty Chapter, American with the NAACP last year on a particular are generally optimistic about the future Red Magen David for Israel at appro­ issue-whether the Voting Rights Act should even while they continue to raise complaints. be broadened to cover the Spanish-speaking priate ceremonies at City Hall. of the Southwest--and the Hispanic position PLAYING "CATCH-UP" The American Red Magen David for prevailed in Congress. On most issues, the Hispanic organizations Israel is a volunteer nonprofit organi­ The growth of Latino elected officials has see a natural alliance with blacks, seeking zation which solicits aid in the United been slow over the last decade, according to greater funding for federal programs, pro­ States for the Magen David Adorn, Is­ Velasquez, but he expects the pace to tecting human rights in domestic settings. rael's official Red Cross service. So the points of conflict a.re often minimized. quicken, based on the voter drives under­ Like the Red Cross, Magen David way.Mexican-Americans now claim two gov­ "Within the last several years, the Mexi- · ernors and 74 legislators in the five states of can-American community has been playing Adorn provides life saving and health­ Texas, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico and a kind of catch-up in many communities," giving services for the people of Israel. California where they have 17 per cent of said Manueal Lopez of Los Angeles, a leaaer It provides blood and plasma storage fa­ the population. Only 6 per cent of municipal of the Mexican American Political Associa­ tion. "At that time, they may have come in cilities, 24-hour ambulance service, first officials are Spanish-origin citizens. aid and ·emergency hospitalization ser­ "There is a new type of leadership that is conflict with blacks who were in the mana­ sophisticated and moderate," said E. B. gerial positions, but on a broader scale we vices, and first aid training. Duarte, a special assistant and Hispanic liai­ seek coalition." The American Red Magen David for son for the U.S. immigration commissioner. Rivalries between organizations and leaders Israel was formed as the authorized sup­ "These aren't people who are off the wall. a.re still a factor but apparently less dramatic than they once were. Congressman Roybal port wing in the United States to pro­ They're taking government jobs and doing vide funds, blood plasma, trained per­ a good job with them. It'-; not different really and others are organizing a National Asso­ from the Irish or Italians or blacks. It's the ciation of Latino Democratic Officials, hoping sonnel, ambulances, bomb shelters, and American way." topull together some 5,000 to 6,000 elected scientific equipment to Israel's Magen and appointed public officials as a nationwide David Adorn. A FEDERAL BEACHHEAD assembly which would lobby government. A decade ago, when minorities were in fer­ Legislation to curb the influx of illegal The Liberty Chapter of the American ment and struggling to develop voices in a.liens by imposing federal penalties on em­ Red Magen David for Israel was orga­ politics, the only Hispanic figures who got ployers who hire them has been bottled up nized here in Philadelphia, Tel Aviv's sis­ much attention nationally were the ones with in recent years by what Duarte calls "an ter city, in 1975, to help Israel's Red the most provocative rhetoric, staging street unholy alliance" among the agribusiness confrontations or worse in the Interest of lobby. (which likes the influx of cheap labor), Magen David build a central blood bank arousing their own people and building po­ Hispanic-American groups, the Cathollc and fractionation center in Tel Aviv, litical movements. In a sense, their success Church (which supports the Hispanics) and and to provide funds and emergency sup- April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10317 pli.es to aid in the fight to preserve and ECONOMIC AND ENERGY GROWTH tiated by the fact that several European protect life in Israel. countries have a ratio of entry to GNP which is one-half and two-thirds of that HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. in the United States. OF CALIFORNIA The significance of these efficiency im­ SUPPORT FOR A NATIONAL HOLI­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provements over the next 30 years can DAY TO HONOR MARTIN LUTHER Monday, April 4, 1977 be estimated as follows. If we assume KING, JR., CONTINUES TO GROW that real GNP will increase on the aver­ Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. age at this historical rate of 3.5 percent. Speaker, I would like to share with my which is an exceedingly optimistic as­ colleagues some information concerning HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. sumption since population growth is the connection between economic growth slowing, than a 2 percent yearly decrease OF MICHIGAN and energy growth. I am sure all of you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in energy to GNP means that energy con­ have seen graphs which show a close cor­ sumption will grow at only 1.5 percent Monday, April 4, 1977 relation between the annual percentage per year, which is roughly one-half its growths in gross national product-­ historical rate-leading to total energy Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I want GNP-and total energy consumption. to bring to the attention of my colleagues consumption slightly over 100 quads in Many people interpret these statistics to the year 2000. Consequently, we can a resolution adopted by the City Council mean that any slack in our resolve to of New York City on February 22, 1977 maintain a dynamic economy, with supply abundant energy would be disas­ maximum employment, while at the same calling upon the Congress and the Presi­ trous to our material well-being. How­ dent to make the birthday of the late time greatly slowing our growth in total ever, I have always felt that we could energy consumption. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a national significantly decrease the amount of public holiday. Particularly on this day, energy we use per unit of GNP without . the anniversary of Dr. King's tragic any damage to the economy. In order to assassination, many in the Nation should see if my intuition was valid, I recently pause, reflect upon, and rededicate them­ PRESIDENT CARTER PASSES ARMS sought more information and here is TALK TEST selves to his vision of equality and justice what I found. for all Americans and for peace in the First of all, energy consumption per world. Nine years after Dr. King's pass­ unit of real GNP has decreased over the HON. DANTE B. FASCELL ing, respect continues to grow for his last 60 years by nearly 40 percent--since OF FLORIDA unshakable faith in people, his indomita­ 1947 the decrease has been on the aver­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ble courage, and his magnificent ideals. age about 0.6 percept per year. These ef­ This past weekend, the Committee for ficiency improvements have occurred in Monday, April 4, 1977 the Renaissance, a regional civic organi­ spite of an accompanying sharp decline Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, on April 1, zation in the Mid-Atlantic States met up to 1974 in both the deflated cost of 1977, the Miami Herald carried an edi­ here in Washington carrying thousands energy and the relative cost of energy torial entitled · "Despite Arms Talk Set­ of signatures on petitions in support of compared to other commodities. As real back, the President Passed a Test," about legislation to make Dr. King's· birthday energy prices were declining, energy in­ which I wish to comment. a national holiday. Just today I received tensive industries were still becoming It is a brief editorial, as good editorials from Mr. Howard Bennett, chairman of more efficient. Also, our economy was should be; it is a good editorial in my the· National Citizens Committee for a evolving to a decreasing mix of goods to judgment because of its perceptiveness Martin Luther King, Jr., Holiday, 50,000 sel"vices-the latter are less energy inten­ of the implications of the known facts addition.al signatures in support of a sive per dollar-and this trend is ex­ on our future relations with the Soviet national King holiday bill. pected to continue. Nevertheless, the Union on negotiating arms agreements. I applaud the New York City Council residential, commercial, and transporta­ The President is credited for taking a for their supporting resolution, and also tion sectors were requiring more energy forthright position based on principle. thank 102 of my colleagues who have per unit of product, which illustrates The necessity to limit the proliferation thus far joined with me in cosponsoring that there is a considerable potential for and the reduction of strategic arms is im­ H.R. 2972, a bill that would make Dr. efficiency improvements. Since 1974, the perative. President Carter has demon­ King's birthday a legal public holiday. price of energy has rapidly increased, in strated his appreciation of this and his The New York City Council resolution fact wiping out the total decrease in the intense desire to achieve results. He follows: real price of energy for the last half knows the matter cannot be waffled; he R.Es. No. 849 century, and we know this trend will con­ knows that both sides must negotiate Resolution by the City Council of New tinue. With higher priced energy, a con­ with honesty and full recognition of the York City Calling Upon the United States Congress and the President of the United siderable improvement in energy effi­ implications of a breakdown of negotia­ States to Make the Birthday of the Late Dr. ciency is highly cost effective in every tions. As the editorial notes, this danger Martin Luther King, Jr., a National Holiday sector. Therefore, it appears reasonable does not appear to be a likelihood. Whereas, the late Dr. Martin Luther King to assume that the ratio of energy con­ More probably the Soviets are taking has won national and international acclaim sumption to GNP will probably decrease extra time to test President Carter's as one of the strongest advocates for human even faster in the future. firmness and sincerity. On this, there rights, human dignity and peace among na­ In 1976, with the economic recovery should be no doubt, but as the editorial tions, and and the cold winter, energy consumption suggests that we allow the Soviets the Whefeas, the late Dr. Martin Luther King, rose 4.8 percent; yet the ratio of energy necessary time to understand and digest Jr., devoted his life in a courageous and con­ sistent struggle to attain these ideals for all to GNP fell 1.8 percent which is three this, we must be patient and not panic people, and times the historical decline. Moreover, into moving precipitously in any direc­ Whereas, the peoples of the world of all several sources estimate, through de­ tion. creeds, races and national origin have been tailed examination of end use, that we With this last point in mind, I wish to the beneficiaries of the work and activities can reasonably achieve an average yearly note what appears to be the outcropping of this great American, now be it decrease in the ratio of energy to GNP of of the negative tone of "Monday morning Resolved, That the Council of The City of 2 percent--see· John G. Myers, "Energy quarterbacking." The tendency to crit­ New York call upon the Congress of the Conservation and Economic Growth­ icize the lack of immediate success of the United states and the President of the United Are They Compatible?" the Conference President's first negotiation with the So­ Sta. tes to take whatever steps a.re necessary Board Record, February 1975, and F. von viets is understandable, but regrettable. to the end that the birthday of the late Dr. The President is on trial at home, as well Martin Luther King be hereafter observed as Hippe! and R. Williams, "Nuclear Energy a National Holiday 1n memory of the life, Growth Projections", Center for Environ­ as abroad, on a whole range of matters, the work and the contributions of this great mental Studies, Princeton University. and we, as a Nation, often are impatient American. March 1977. This large potential for effi­ when we do not have immediate success. February 22, 1977. ciency improvements is further substan- But what about the success of this arms 10318 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 talk-the Soviets were offered an innova­ INFORMATIVE AND ENLIGHTENING As our interchanges of finance, trade, and STATEMENT BY WILLIAM H. tourism grow, they impact deeply on citizens tive and justifiable plan for reductions of this country. and limitations of horrendously destruc­ LUERS And as citi:ziens from our neighborhood tive weapons. The negotiations have not enter the United States, our society is en­ terminated; they must be continued and HON. LEE H. HAMILTON riched and our labor force expanded. they will be, as has been agreed to by The people of this hemisphere are no the Soviets. President Carter has set a OF INDIANA longer in awe of us. They respect our vitality, solid base for future negotiations. M the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES success, technology and prosperity. But they charge that we have an insatiable thirst for Miami Herald editorial notes, he passed Monday, April 4, 1977 the world's resources, that we are unwilling the test well and we can well afford the Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I found to share our expanding wealth, and that we time needed for future, positive, no-non­ the following statement of Mr. William have used our enormous power arbitrarily in sense results. H. Luers to be informative and enlight­ the past. Mr. Speaker, I commend the editorial ening. I include it in the CONGRESSIONAL If Latin Americans are still described in to the attention of our colleagues: cliches by us, so we, likewise, are little RECORD for the benefit and use of my col­ understood by them. DESPITE ARMS TALK SETBACK, THE PRESIDENT leagues: OUR INTERESTS IN THE HEMISPHERIC NATIONS P ASS'ED A TEST STATEMENT BY WILLIAM H. LUERS, ACTING AS­ DIFFER FROM THEm INTERESTS IN US A new President embarking, as he must, SISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR lNTER­ on new theories and practices in the conduct Let me turn now to discuss briefly how AMERICAN AFFAIRS, BEFORE THE SUBCOM­ our interests in the nations of Latin America of foreign policy is always a challenge to the MITTEE ON INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS, HOUSE rest of the world. and the Caribbean contrast with their inter­ INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE, ests in us. How much wm he borrow from the past? MARCH 24, 1977 The United States: How sincere is he? What is his real strength Mr. Chairman: On behalf of the Bureau of Hopes that this hemisphere remains free at home, not only with the people•but also Inter-American Affairs, I welcome this series from military conflict, from arms races, and with the Congress, which will have to ratify of hearings. I hope they can contribute to an from the proliferation of uuclear weapons. one way or another any agreements to which illumination and to a better appreciation of Depends on the expansion of two-way he seeks to commit the Nation? Is he strong the profound changes that have taken place trade with a rapidly growing and industrial­ or is his negotiating muscle flabby? in our hemispheric relations over the past izing market. These questions, we think, rather than generation. Looks to the leaders of this hemisphere to Russian annoyance at Mr. Carter's global In this opening statement, I plan to de­ play a mature and moderating role in the in­ view of human rights, explain the apparent scribe briefly: ternational councils now exploring the re­ collapse of the Moscow talks on arms limita­ How our perceptions of the hemisphere ordering of the world's economic institu­ tions. They have come to a halt, but not a have lagged behind reality. tions and procedures. screaming one as in the past when President How differently we and the other nations Desires to see the end of torture, persecu - Eisenhower was read the riot act after the of this hemLsphere per~ive our mutual in­ tion, arbitrary arrest and violence from the U-2 incident. After all, didn't Andrei Gromy­ terests. left and the right. ko speak good ole boy English in seeing Sec­ How strikingly different our perceptions · And hopes that economic development will retary of State Vance off at the Moscow air­ are from the Latin Americans on the proper be accompanied by the development of port? emphasis on rights. demooratic institutions which provide the President Carter has shown neither dismay And how we are setting out in this en­ most certain guarantee of human rights. nor anger at the outcome, toward which vironment to improve hemispheric coopera­ What the nations of Latin America and there had been so much diplomatic prepara­ tion. the Caribbean seek from us is quite differ­ tion. He showed his aplomb. He also showed OUR PUBLIC AWARENESS OF THE HEMISPHERE ent. From each nation of the hemisphere America's appreciation of and attitude to­ comes a different set of requests, reflecting some muscle in hinting at greater U.S. arms the diversity of the region. You will be ex­ production. The Russians felt it. As for the ward Latin America and the Caribbean ha'\Te not kept pace with the dramatic changes that amining this diversity with my colleagues. curtness of the thing, the President is on There are common threads, however: record as once saying that "some people are have taken plrace in this hemisphere since the early days of the Alliance for Progress. Trade and resource flows are at the center concerned every time Brezhnev sneezes." Symptomatic of this lag is the fact that a of their concerns. They want expanded and Mr. Carter's view for the consumption of major U.S. newspaper carried an editorial preferred access to our markets and guaran­ the American public is that a quiCKagree­ on Brazil only last month and referred to its tees of stabilized earnings from their ex­ ment eliminating the new Cruise missile ports. They want :financial backing for their oapital as Rio. heavy debt burdens. from the talks and a limitation at once on Today the nations of Latin America and the Caribbean are more diverse, confident, in­ They insist that we not intervene in their both old and new weapons was too much for internal affairs. Their obsession with U.S. the Kremlin to swallow on the spot. dependent and self-aware than any re­ gional grouping in the Third World. But, interventionism has a long history. By in­ This may be so, but in pre-Moscow nego­ they also have a crushing burden of foreign terventionism they often mean not only tiations it must be that the Russians knew military intervention and subversion but debt, an alarming population growth, and a also the ubiquitous U.S. products and tele­ what was coming and at least were salivating. dizzy rate of urbanization. As change has The test theory is more likely. The Soviets vision programs. transformed these societies, inequities have They also want our respect, and our ap­ have always thought that time is ·a- diplo­ become exaggerated-stark poverty exists preciation of their dignity, independence matic weapon. We haven't, but so-should we alongside prosperity. and sovereignty. They want our understand­ in overcoming traditional American im­ Most of the nations of the hemisphere have ing and our attention. patience with results. · . given up one-man rule for more institution­ Interdependence requires that we respond alized forms of government. But the domi­ The proof of the pudding, of course, is in to these hemispheric interests. Otherwise we nant institution is the military. Demooracy, cannot expect responsiveness to ours. the eating. Yesterday the Russians showed never strongly rooted in Latin America, is plainly that they had tentatively swallowed less prevalent today than at any time since DIFFERING PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN RIGHTS and wanted to digest Mr. Vance's proposals, World War II. Yet, while there are repressive I would like here, Mr. Chairman, to make for they joined this country in the announce­ governments,· many democratic freedoms co­ a comment on tlie differing perspectives ment that the Strategic Arms Limitation exist--paradoxically-with serious abuses of that we and many Latin nations have on Treaty talks will be resumed in Geneva in human rights. human rights. May. Latin America and the Caribbean present Some governments see our urging respect most dramatically the importance of the The communique continued enigmatically: for human rights as a new type of U.S. North-South issues to the people of this interventionism. They are annoyed that our "The consideration of practical questions of counrty. From no other part of the world comments and program restrtctions reflect bilateral relations produced several specific does foreign poverty impinge so intimately a failure to un!derstand their particular understandings." No identification of specif­ on our society or create such an implicit domestic problems and security threats. We ics on the one. Yet we are led to hope that it obligation to help: do not pretend to measure or judge the concerns a recess in the production of nu­ As our living standards outstrip theirs, we domestic threat. It is the type and severity clear weapons. Both sides now possess enough become the illegal but logical haven for o! the response that concerns the American of them to kill each other 12 times over, so workers escaping the despair of poverty. people. As President Carter said, no signa­ their concern and possible understanding is Regional proximity sharpens our humani­ tory of the U.N. Charter "can avoid its re­ with preventing proliferation of the ultimate tarian perceptions that poverty is a global sponsib111ties to speak out when torture or horro1·. rather than a national problem. unwarranted deprivation of freedom occurs As our market for illicit drugs expands, our in any pa.rt of the world." Jimmy Carter has passed his first world corruption and crime extends itself into the And let it be said that other hemispheric test: Stand up to the Soviets, but do it with poor agricultural areas where the products governments and many people in this hemi­ diplomatic grace and preservation of p:rin­ of the poppy and the coca plant become sphere welcome and are heartened by our ciple. In good time he can go on from there. valued commodities. renewed attention to values that still form April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10319

a unique part of this New World. In our in­ era of U.S. interventionism has passed. Gov­ space, supplies, staff-provided by pri­ creased interest in human rights, we are ernments will remain skeptical of our vate institutions to meet the required not imposing our political preferences on assurances. We must be open in our rela­ State share of the cost of its social serv­ any nation. But we are summoning govern­ tions and abstain from our historic com­ ices programs. This prohibition does ments to respect the principles to which pulsion to design the future of our neigh­ they have ascribed in numerous U.N. and bors. We can convince them now only by our not apply, however, to in kind contribu­ OAS documents. performance, not rhetoric. tions of public institutions, which may There is a second aspect of the rights ques­ Fourth, there is a new sense of coopera­ be claimed as part of the State's share tion, the perception of which separates us tion between the U.S. private sector and in matching Federal funds. from many governments, leaders, intel­ the governments of this hemisphere. Govern­ Not only is this unwarranted dis­ lectuals, and ordinary citizens in this hemi­ ments have better defined the terms under crimination against private institutions, sphere. We stress as fundamental the rights which foreign capital is wanted. U.S. com­ but it places an unnecessary burden on of liberty and freedoms from physical and panies for their part are demonstrating a the States and the taxpayers. The func­ mental persecution. Yet many in this hemi­ new sensitivity to the national pride 9.nd sphere see the rights to food, shelter, work sovereign rights of their hosts. Improved co­ tion and value of an in kind service is and survival as fundamental. If the right operation with the private sector is critical the same whether provided by a private to be free from torture and persecution is to capital and technology transfers. or public institution: it allows for more vital to man's dignity, so are the economic Fifth, the increasing role of hispanic efficient social service programs by and social rights. We must be alert to the Americans and people from the Caribbean making use of existing facilities and charge that we justify our decision not to in our society is beginning to raise the Amer­ personnel. The only difference is that share our wealth on the grounds that others ican consciousness about our neighborhood. in kind services of private institutions violate human rights. Our conscience thus We must develop together with the Congress are funded by private sources, thus eased, some charge, we continue to devour a and the media new ways and new programs saving the taxpayers some money and, third of the world's resources. for expanding our understanding of this I should like to quote here again from hemisphere and its peoples. It is likewise in effect, giving the State a free gift. President Carter's address to the United essential that the nations of this hemisphere By being denied the use of available Nations. The human rights issue, he said, "is make greater efforts to understand us. services provided by private institutions, important by itself. It should not block prog­ Finally, President Carter has shown an States in many cases are put in the ress on other important matter affecting unprecedented interest in Latin America: position of either discontinuing social the security and well-being of our people and His first Presidential visitor was, by no service programs or increasing State of world peace. It is obvious that the reduc­ coincidence, from Mexico. We have already expenditures and thus State taxes. For tion of tension, the control of nuclear arms. set an energetic and cooperative course with example, consider the foil owing situa­ the achievement of harmony in troubled the Government of Mexico to manage the tion in my own State of Georgia. For areas of the world, and the provision of food, complex problems we share. good health and educ.a.tion will independ­ A first priority of this Administration after the past 4 years the State has con­ ently contribute to advancing the human the inauguration was to give urgent atten­ tracted with Berry College, a private condition. In our relations with other coun­ tion to negotiating a new treaty with Panama institution, to provide day-care trainers tries, these mutual concerns will be reflected for the canal. This is an issue of importance to work in the various day-care centers in our political, our cultural and our eco­ not just between us and Panama, but for our in the area of Rome, Ga. The funds for nomic attitudes." relations with the entire hemisphere. this program came from the Appala­ Mr. Chairman, if we are prepared to match Several Foreign Ministers have visited chian child care project and the State our morality with our generosity, if com­ Washington as a first step to rebuild our was able to claim certain in kind serv­ passion for the poor is equal to our passion relations with traditional friends. ices from Berry College as part of its for freedom, and if we pay as much atten­ We have indicated a readiness to talk to tion to egalitarian as we do to libertarian the Cuban Government without precondi­ share in matching Federal funds. issues---our message will be heard and under­ tions on a range of issues that divide us. On August 1, 1976, however, all train­ stood. We are committed to continued strong ing in the day-care centers became TOWARD IMPROVED HEMISPHERIC COOPERATION support for international and regional finan­ funded by title XX. And because of title Mr. Chairman, I am optimistic about our cial institutions and to sustaining significant XX's prohibition against in kind services c.a.pacity to shape a more cooperative rela­ bilateral assistance programs which are from private institutions, either the tax­ tionship with the other nations of this critical to the development needs of the re­ payers or Berry College will have to pro­ hemisphere. gion. In this endeavor we shall need the sup­ vide the 25-percent required match in First, we have with our neighbors a long port of the Congress. And although we know it will be difficult cash. It so happens neither can afford experience in shaping economic change and this, and the State's day-care pro­ growth. The global North-South debate in a to move rapidly on the many economic issues real sense began in this hemisphere. The critical to this hemisphere, this Administra­ grams in that area may have to be dis­ leaders of Latin America are c1.dvanced in tion is committed to engage the issues seri­ continued, even though both the State their ideas on how the United States mi.fht ously. and Berry College are very eager to con­ become better partners in their economic Mr. Chairman, we have an opportunity and tinue their relationship which has development. We must address simultane­ obligation to cooperate constructively with worked so well in the past. ously global, regional, sub-regional and bi­ this new hemisphere. We must do so with­ The effect of the law as it presently lateral issues. Our approach to many econ­ out sentimentality but with a sense of strong stands is to add to the cost of social serv­ omic issues will depend on solutions de­ tradition, without paternalism but with ice programs and thus reduce the serv­ veloped in a global framework. Other issues respect for the sovereignty, independence, and dignity of each nation to find its own ices available for a given amount of pub­ we can best work out through a strengthened lic funding. inter-American system with the Organization future. of American States at its center. Still others Rural and nonurban areas, where pub­ we can best approach cooperatively through lic institutions often are not available, existing sub-regional organizations. Finally MATCHING FEDERAL DOLLARS are particularly hard hit. The citizens of there will be a number of questions we can FOR STATE'S SOCIAL SERVICES these areas are taxed to pay for social resolve most effectively only on a bilateral PROGRAM service programs, but are unable to use basis. the facilities of their private institutions Second, this is a hemisphere whose nations to compete fairly for the establishment are at peace with each other. Although there HON: LARRY McDONALD of social service programs in their area. are repressive governments, there is no OF GEORGIA And to add insult to injury, they also pay serious threat of war. The nations of Latin IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State taxes to support State institutions America and the Caribbean spend less on in urban areas, the facilities of which are armaments than any region in the world. Monday, April 4, 1977 And while violence is too often turned in­ used as in kind services to attract social ward in the Americas, the governments have Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, today · service programs away from the rural the interest and capacity to improve the lot I am introducing legislation to allow areas. of their pepole. Most people throughout the the States to use "in kind" goods and Mr. Speaker, whatever the reason for Americas respond instinctively to funda­ services provided by private sources as including the prohibition of in kind serv­ mental humanitarian values. Even authori­ part of a State's share in matching ices from private institutions in title XX, tarian governments accept these ideals and I am sure it was not intended to add to explain departures from them in terms of Federal funds for the State's social priorities rather than preference. Without services program. the cost and discourage the establish­ war, governments and societies can devote Presently, under title XX of the So­ ment of social service programs. Remov­ their energies to people. cial Security Act, the States are unable ing this prohibition and allowing States Third, we must make clear that the long to claim in kind services-the value of to use all in kind services and goods 10320 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 available to them will require only a will be thwarted. Who could oppose a plan Texas describing known a.nd probable natural minor change in title XX, but will allow of such noble intentions? gas and oil deposits in and off the Eastern much more efficient and fair operation of Humbug! The President's pious little blll and Midwestern states whose development ls the sweetest scheme ever devised for insur­ has been deliberately and admittedly pre­ the social services programs. ing the election of incumbents into the end vented. I urge my colleagues to give their sup­ of time. An incumbent member of the House As Sen. Bentsen says, it ls neither fair nor port to this legislation. or Senate already has every imaginable rational to drill off the Texas and Louisiana advantage over an unknown challenger. In coasts and refuse to drill off other coasts. the hundred-yard dash of a fall campaign, Neither ls it fair nor rational for those con­ ELECTORAL REFORM: BEHIND THE the incumbent starts about 30 yards down suming states to get g,as at a. low, subsidized SHINE, A SMELL the track. Public financing would hand him price while the people of Texas and other 10 yards more. producing states pay, through their free in­ The b111 to scrap the Hatch Act swea.ts the trastate marketplace, for virtually all the HON. DEL CLAWSON same bogus perfume. The idea is t.o make natural gas exploration that is being done OF CALIFORNIA the 2.8 million federal employees whole cit­ in the country. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES izens again-to let them participate fully in For this same hard core of people as Sen. partisan political activities. Only those in ex­ Bentsen describes to then have the arrogant Monday, April 4, 1977 ceptionally "sensitive" positions would be effrontery to charge that gas is being with­ inhibited hereafter. But the reasons for the held from them by the producing states and Mr. DEL CLAWSON. Mr. Speaker, it Hatch Act are as sound today as they were the oil-gas industry is just too much. we is always incumbent upon us to look be­ when the act was adopted in 1939. Indeed, would not think anyone could be so shame­ yond the wrappings and the euphemistic with the rise of public employee unionism, less. labels of legislative packages sent to the the reasons are all the more compelling. This There is a hue and cry from these dema­ Congress. Mr. James J. Kilpatrick in his is a b111 to create a Democratic political ma­ gogues for yet another "investigation"-all column of March 29 in the Washington chine. It cannot be successfully disguised. the others having been fruitless-into sus­ Star reminds us how close examination Nothing good can be S'S.id of the President's picions of withholding of gas from the inter­ often reveals potential disaster. The col­ scheme for election day registration. Osten­ state market. That ls being done. sibly, the idea is to remove those terrible "an­ Very well. Then let there be an investi­ umn is included for the information of tiquated" and "arbitrary obstacles to voting." gation of the withholding of energy from my colleagues at this point in the Under Mr. Carter's b111, states would be com­ production in the East and Midwest. Sen. RECORD. pelled t.o register and to give a ballot to any Bentsen has called on Interior Secretary Cecil ELECTORAL REFORM: BEHIND THE SHINE, A person who staggers, stumbles, is led or Andrus for just such a probe. He cites at SMELL bribed to the polls on election dray. The b1ll least three known areas in the East and Mid­ (By James J. Kilpatrick) bristles with formidable penalties for fraud, west "where there was natural gas in the but these are the kind of fictitious penalties, ground that was not being produced and President Oa.rter la.st week sent up his like $500 fines for littering, that never are supplied to the American people during the package of proposals for electoral reform. A imposed. There would be no practical way of coldest winter in the history of our Repub­ sorrier package seldom has been dumped )n detecting or punishing the phant.om voters lic. I want to know how many other cases the congressional stoop. who could be herded like sheep to the polls. there are." The President's plan contains four prin­ The package, in brief, is a bad blll of goods. What is fair in one instance is fair in an­ cipal elements. The first, and worst, is for a The measures might be great for the Demo­ other. Unfortunately, fairness and rational constitutionaJ. amendment to provide for the cratic party, but if they pass, Lord help the debate are seldom in the vocabulary of those direct election of presidents. A second meas­ Republic. who have tried to turn the serious questions ure would extend federal subsidies and con­ of energy poHcy into emotional diatribes. trols to congressional elections. A third We are sure that Sen. Bentsen deplores as would scrap the Hatch Act, thus politicizing ENERGY AND THE NEW much as we do that the country cannot ad­ the federal civil service. The fourth would dress its energy problems without these at­ create an ela.boria.te scheme for registering CIVIL WAR tempts from consuming states to set one sec­ voters on election day. tion of the country against another. On the surface, the four-pa.rt package HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE But one can only take so much. The oil­ exudes the innocence of a gurgling grand­ gas producing states are being subjected to child. These reforms, it is said, would pro­ OF TEXAS ideological and political warfare. They can­ mote the principle of one man, one vote. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not be expected to stay silent while being They would increase political participation. Monday, April 4, 1977 crucified in a frantic attempt to shift the They would strike a blow against the special blame from where it belongs to those who interests. They would enhance the demo­ Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, the hard­ have warned for decades that precisely what cratic process. But one is reminded of John ships of this last winter and the natural happened this winter was going to happen. Randolph's dead mackerel in the moonlight: The proposals both shine and stink. gas shortages which resulted have set The constitutional amendment would be different regions of this country at odds absolutely destructive of one of the oldest, with each other. Charges of fuel with­ soundest, and wisest pTinciples of American holding have been leveled at the Western COUNTY BOARD OF ELECTIONS RE­ government: the principle of federalism. In and Southwestern States by the Eastern ACTS TO CARTER VOTER REGIS­ a. hundred ways, ours ls of course "one na­ and Midwestern States. They say that TRATION PROPOSAL tion." We have one Constitution, one flag, their development has been deliberately one currency, one defense establishment, and prevented. The Western and Southwest­ so on. But the great genius of the American HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE plan is that diversity underlies the uniform­ ern States are hesitant to develop the OF NEW JERSEY ity. When we act politically, we act not as oil and gas thaJt lies on their Outer Con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tinental Shelves. They feel that it is un­ citizens of the United States, but as citi­ Monday, April 4, 1977 zens of the separate states. Politically we fair that similar demands are not made a.re not one consolidated nation; we a.re a on the eastern coast States. This inter­ Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, all of federation composing a federal union. necine conflict is truly deplorable. A de­ my colleagues here in the House are No amount of pltter-patter a.bout "equal­ scription and attempt at resolution of aware of President Carter's March 22 ized voting" can conceal the revolutionary this problem is contained in the follow­ election reform proposal. Of that five­ nature of Mr. Carter's proposal. In asking ing editorial of the March 12, 1977, that the old system be scrapped, he 1s strik· part package, perhaps the most contro­ ing at the very heart of our political process. Houston Chronicle: versial "reform" proposal is the so-called Only three wee·ks 'ago the President himsel1 HYPOCRITICAL AND PAROCHIAL WITHHOLDING "Universal Voter Registration Act." The · seemed t.o realize this. In response to ques­ OF ENERGY purpose of this pro:posal is to simplify tions on March 9, he appeared uneasy about "This winter politicians (from the East, registration and supposedly thereby en­ the proposed amendment. But someone, Midwest and West) and judges have sat on able millions of additional voters to par­ probably Vice President Monda.le, abruptly huge deposits of fossU fuels, while their con­ ticipate in Federal elections. turned him around. One should not get born stituents have frozen." ... "To my mind In the State of New Jersey we have again so quickly. there is a deplorable, hypocritical, parochial The propoS'al for public financing of con­ brand of withholding that is growing all the postcard voter registration and have been gressional elect.dons is accompanied by psalms more prevalent in the national energy policy able to substantiate very little if any con­ of piety and virtue. By limiting fa.,t-cat con­ debate." nection between easier registration and tributions, and by subsidizing the candidates' Strong words those. And we could not increased participation in elections. Ad­ campaigns, the invidious special interests agree more. They are Sen. Lloyd Bentsen of ditionally, postcard registration has it- April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10321 self created enough problems to make election boards cannot afford to hire suffi­ went up to his dining table and just said, local election officials quite apprehensive cient investigators. "Happy birthday, Jimmy." of the sweeping changes proposed by In Burlington Coub.ty, we have uncovered Mr. Speaker, I am sorry I could not some fraud in Registration by Mall simply President Carter. because it is made so easy, and bE!()ause the be there to extend my congratulations on For the information of my colleagues forms get into the hands of irresponsible Jimmy's achievement, so I am now doing I am including in the RECORD of these people who use them. One is the case of the that in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. proceedings a recent letter from one of mother who signed her two sons names to Thanks, Jimmy, for your fine writing the county election boards in my con­ registration forms. Our appeal never reached over these many years, for your "Hem­ gressional district. the Court, because the Prosecutor contended ingway touch"-clear and beautiful Mr. Speaker, an informed and partic­ that, since the boys did vote, the intent was writing-for your versatility, but most there; and the mother, being next of kin, of all, thanks for the real and great feel­ ipating electorate is one of the funda­ had a right to sign her sons names. Another, mental strengths of a democracy. I think two minors registered and the fact was dis­ ing you have for people. Your mind is I can say without hesitation that we covered by parents who notified the Elec­ bright, your heart is warm, and your all support the principal underlying tion Board. Then, there is the case of a dozen soul is beautiful and wonderful. You love attempts to increase voter participation. or so high school teenagers who registered people and they love you. Happy birth­ Unfortunately, however, as responsible to get their ID cards. The fact was discovered day, Jimmy. legislators we also have an obligation to at the local level and reported to the press. After the story appeared in the news, we our constituents to provide laws which asked the press for the names, and were reflect the realities of the world in which refused on the grounds of Privacy. We, then we must function. SENATOR EDWARD ZORINSKY appealed to the Prosecutor to obtain the SPEAKS OUT ON PRESENT OPERA­ The following letter, I think, high­ names for us, but he was uncooperative since TIONS OF CONGRESS lights some of the unrealities of the Uni­ they were minors. As a result, they are still versal Voter Registration Act. As the let­ registered-fraudulently. We are sure that if we had cooperation and the means to in­ ter states, vestigate, we could find many more. HON. CHARLES E. GRASSLEY Too often legislators dream dreams without Further, we believe it would be using tax­ OF IOWA taking into consideration the practical. payers money unwisely were the federal gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In protecting our constituents' right to ernment to refund to the states an approxi­ Monday, April 4, 1977 a fair election process, I strongly feel mate $15.5 million, or 20 cents per voter registration. To begin with, it costs much Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is al­ that we have no choice but to be practical more than 20 cents 1n equipment, supplies ways a matter of satisfaction to me to in spite of the temptation to dream. and employee salary and time to process a read when a Member of the Congress BURLINGTON COUNTY single registration. Moreover, this refunded BOARD OF ELECTIONS, money, as we have seen with the 50 cent per speaks his or her mind about the present Mount Holly, N.J., March 24, 1977. registration in New Jersey, goes into the operations of the Congress. It is espe­ Hon. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE, general treasury and never fll ters down to the cially noteworthy when a Member cour­ Cannon House Office Bldg. level of an election board for its use. ageously speaks out on some of the Washington, D.C. We believe that too often legislators abuses in our congressional system. DEAR CONGRESSMAN FORSYTHE: As mem­ dream dreams without taking into consid­ This courage has been recently demon­ bers of a County Board of Elections, we eration the practical and impractical sides strated by the newly elected Senator strongly oppose voter registration at the of such legislation; and, without consider­ from Nebraska, EDWARD ZORINSKY. The polls. We look upon the right to vote as a ing, how the job is going to be accomplished Senator gained nationwide attention for privilege that should be extended to every­ by those who are responsible for aicomplish­ one who can qualify; but, with that privi­ lng it; namely, County Boards of Elections. his candid assessment of the practices lege, should be born the responsibllity of We believe, also, that if this country is to and procedures followed in the politics establlshing proof of those qualiflcations. It have an informed and responsible electorate, of the Senate. This action is especially is no greater effort to go to the proper au­ we must give that electorate some responsi­ praiseworthy because it did not come thority to register in advance of an election, b111ties of its own, such as registering to from a Member of the minority party but than it is to go to the polls to vote on elec­ vote at a proper time and place. We believe from a Member of the majority party. tion day. With registration by mall, one need that an informed and responsible electorate It would have been much easier for not even leave his home to register to vote. wants, and has the right to expect, proper Senator ZoRINSKY. to keep quiet and go Workers at the polls should not be given safeguards in the right to vote. the authority or responsibility of determin­ Very truly yours, along with the system despite private ing a persons qualifications to register; nor Mrs. DoROTHY P. MAIN, scruples. He could have adopted the mot­ should they be given the added burden of Chairman. to "go along in order to get along" by handling registrations while they a.re super­ PEARL B. BUSH, refusing to rock the boat through silence. vising an election. A poll workers' da.y is long Secretary. He could have easily become ''one of the a.nd arduous, a.nd if there are 50 people in boys" by closing his eyes to distasteful llne waiting to vote and register at the mo­ political practices and accepted the sys­ ment the polls should close, they must be JIMMY FLEMING: TALENTED WRIT­ permitted to do so and the election could go ER AND RARE HUMANITARIAN tem without a word of criticism. But it on ad infinitum. appears that this is not the nature of With what identification does one establish such a man as Senator ZoRINSKY. He at­ qualification to register to vote? A birth cer­ HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN tacked two of the so-called sacred cows tificate and drivers license may establish a.ge, OF NEW JERSEY in politics: patronage and the closed cau­ but neither establish citizenship or resi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cus meeting discussing issues. In his re­ dency. Many people hold a drivers license cent statements, he has provided a guide from another state or county. A property Monday, April 4, 1977 to all of us who are concerned about the deed does not necessarily establish residency, Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, recently "politics as usual" we see demonstrated since many people own dual properties. One Jimmy Fleming, the talented, respected, in the Halls of Congress. could register from a. resident property a.nd and popular columnist of the Home News I wish to call the attention to my a.gain from a vacation property. The sa.me person could use a. different means of iden­ of New Brunswick, N.J., reached his 70th colleagues to two editorials on Senator tification to register in several different loca­ birthday. He is the youngest looking 70- ZORINSKY'S critique: "Senator ZORINSKY tions. A person could register in the name year-old I have seen in years. Disowns Patronage" from the Omaha of a deceased person before the death is Jimmy is modest by nature, so prac­ World-Hera.Id-March 1, 1977 and "Mr. known. Providing false identification is sim­ tically no one knew it was his birthday. ZORINSKY in Washington" in the Wall ple and the possibllities for fraud are endless. Because of his many friends and posi­ Street Journal-March 15, 1977. Imposing large fines and years of imprison­ tion, there could have been an elaborate [From the Omaha World-Herald, March 1, ment for fraudulently registering to vote ls party, but it was celebrated in a simple, 1977] similar to locking the barn door after the SEN. ZORINSKY DISOWNS PATRONAGE cow ls out-it is after the fact. Moreover, but moving way. with the large court backlogs, it could be On his birthday, Jimmy was eating in (By Darwin Olofson) years before an offender would be penalized. a restaurant in New Brunswick, where WASHINGTON .-In trying to shake up the Courts are lenient in regard to voting infrac­ scores of friends and admirers-from "system," Sen. Edward Zorinsky has shaken tions; Prosecutor~ don't follow through, and plain workers, to executives-simply some political plums right off the patronage 10322 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 tree into the eager hands of several of his demn houses that cost $100,000," said Mr. mobilize some of the more abundant energy Democratic colleagues. Zorinsky. resources. He also may have shaken up Senate Major­ We're happy that Sehator Zorinsky will RELATIONSHI P BE TWEEN WEATHER AND ity Leader Robert Byrd. stay on. Iconoclasts may not change things ENERGY Zorinsky told how he and other freshman much but they are good to have around. The past winter is an excellent example of Democratic senators were summoned to the effects weather can h ave on energy sup­ Byrd's office and told "that we were privileged ply, distribution, and use. Because of the to enjoy the fruits of the patronage system." abnormally cold weather experienced by the Up for grabs were a number of jobs in the ENERGY POLICY AND THE NEED eastern portion of the country, space heat­ Senate Post Office, one of which paid $9,519 FOR A CLIMATE PROGRAM ing needs increased significantly for nat ural a year for four hours of work a day. gas, distillate fuel oil, propane, and electric­ The other positions paid $8,,517 a year for ity. These larger fuel needs resulted in in­ five hours of work a day. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. creased natural gas curtailments and spot It was suggested to the senators that they shortao;es. The warm dry air in the West might find some deserving you ng people, OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has le,,.vered the snow pack and decreased about 17 years old, to fill the jobs, according rive,r flows, thus affecting the generation of to Zorinsky. Monday, April 4, 1977 hydroelectricity. Our oil imports increased "I informed Sen. Byrd that I would have dramatically; they were temporarily driven nothing whatsoever to do with the placing Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. to over 10 million barrels per day. In addi­ of patronage jobs and that I felt they should Speaker, this morning the Subcommittee tion, our economy was adversely affected; at all be abolished," he said. on the Environment and the Atmosphere one point over one million jobholders were "I saw a m ass grab by the other senators furloughed. for the jobs I was turning down," he added. of the Committee on Science and Tech­ What was being suggested to the senators, nology heard from the Administrator of The fuel situation last winter was moni­ the Nebraskan said, was that they find out the Federal Energy Administration on tored closely in regions of the country where whether any of their key political supporters the need for a national climate program. increased energy demands could have re­ had 17-year-old sons who would like a well­ While it is not generally my practlce tc sulted in fuel shortage problems. As one part paying job that would require them to work of the monitoring system, FEA was in daily bring such testimony to the attention of contact with the National Weather Service only a half day. . the full House before legislation is re .. "Then, when election time comes arouna.. to obtain 5-day weather outlooks and also there's an IOU outstanding," he said. ported, I believe the statement by John projections of 10-day forecasts being con­ "If you pay a 17-year-old $9,500 a year for F. O'Leary deserves to be seen by every ducted on an experimental basis by the four hours of work," Zorinsky said, "then Member of this body. Weather Service. The available informat ion you have helped him embark on a lifetime of The basic point made by Administra­ was found to be useful t o FEA, Dr. Schles­ dependence on government subsidization." tor O'Leary was that the energy policy inger and other parts of the government. He said he felt unemployed persons should However, our understanding of the rela­ of this country and the world is pro­ tionship between weather and fuel consump­ have a chance to compete for jobs that are foundly affected by the climate, and the now filled on a patronage basis. tion is still in its infancy. Available infor­ He also criticized the existence of certain energy strategies of this country should mation shows that while heating degree-days patronage jobs, such as those held by the meet the variations in the weather which and energy consumption are definitely corre­ operators of automatic elevators on Capitol have, and will occur. Mr. O'Leary made !ated, thei"e is a wide range of estimates in Hill, calling it "a gross misuse and waste of the point that if the long range weather the actual statistical relationship. As a con­ taxpayers' dollars." sequence, we estimated that the additional forecasters of this country had been able heating costs of this last winter could range to tell the energy planners of this coun­ [From the Wall Street Journal, March 15, from $4.3 to $7.8 bUlion, and the impact of 1977) try what last winter would be like the the winter on oil demand and imports could energy shortages which occurred could range from 0.8 to 1.6 million barrels per day MR. ZORINSKY IN WASHINGTON have been a voided. more than would have occurred in a normal SeDJator Edward Zorinsky, elected from Mr. Speaker, I expect the Committee winter. (A copy of an FEA working paper . Nebraska. last fall, was so appalled by hiS on "Alternative Estimates of the Energy Costs initial experiences in Washington that he on Science and Technology to report leg­ of This Year's Colder than Normal Weather" considered chucking the job and going back islation to establish a comprehensive is attached for submission to the record.) to Omaha, or so he told The Washington Federal climate program, designed to This variation of nearly 100 % illustrates the Star. It would have been a principled and serve users of climatic information, be­ importance in greater emphasis on under­ spectacular political act, but Mr. Zorinsky's fore May 15. The testimony of Mr. standing weather and how it influences en­ wife persuaded him to reconsider. O'Leary demonstrates why this is im­ ergy consumption, supply, and distribution. Among other frustrations, the Senator was portant. Mr. Chairman, the climate will be of cen­ annoyed over having to sit through a par­ tral relevance to the miSsion of the De­ ticular extended closed-door session of the The testimony follows: partment of Energy, and I believe that an Senate Democra.Uc oaucus. The momentous, STA'l'EMENT OF JOHN F. O'LEARY improvement in our understanding of clima­ hush-hush subject? Free haircuts in the Mr. Chairman, members of the Subcom­ tological processes could be of inestimable Senate barbershop. mittee. I am pleased to speak before you value in carrying out that mission. Of course, It seems that what with sharp congres­ today on proposed legislation to establish we will work closely with agencies involved sional pay raises, office-girl scand,als and the a. National Climate Program. This past win­ in climate research, and provide them with like, some Senators were worried that the ter has dramatically shown that changes in feedback on our interests in weather and tradition or free haircuts was like rubbing weather and climate are extremely critical climate information. As we begin to lay the the taxpayer's nose in the dirt. A price of to the energy situation. Improving our knowl­ foundation for the energy systems which will $3 was agreed upon but then some.body men­ edge and ability to anticipate changes in sustain us beyond the era of the natural fluid tioned that the House barbershop charged climate and weather conditions is vital to our hydrocarbons, and we are doing so today, we less and that everyone's staff would be wast­ efforts. in developing energy policy and in most assuredly do not wiSh to bear risks ing time waiting to get in the chd.irs over dealing with current and future energy prob­ stemming from any climatological uncert ain­ there. Market economics puzzle Senators so lems. ty which lies within our power to resolve. this question required consideraible debate. My comments are brief and address the The profoundly disturbing anomalies in the "You talk about federal projects," groused types of information and analysis which global circulatory patterns of the past few Mr. Zorinsky. "They could have built a dam would be useful and suggestions in imple­ years which have manifested themselves in less time, and it's still not resolved." menting a National Climate Program. variously as wheat shortages in the Soviet Lt no doubt occurred to Senator Zorinsky, With regard to the specific proposal under Union in 1973, drought in Africa that as it does to us, that there must be a lort of consideration for a National Clim.ate Pro­ is traceable back to 1969, prolonged drought guilt perched on the shoulders of men who gram, I do not feel I am in a position to in England and western Europe, and again would spend so long worrying over and de­ make a recommendation on the need for new in our extreme winter just passed, and our bating appearances. And considering some legislation. Consequently, I wish to defer to continuous Western drought all point to tne of the ways Congress has found to spend the the Administrator of the National Oceanic poEsibility that major climatological changes $450 billion it extracts from the economy, and Atmospheric Administration on the draft could be taking place. maybe that should not be surprising. A $3 legislation. While the likely duration and the implica­ penance does not seem high. I will begin by stating simply that even tions of these events is very uncertain at Mr. Zorinsky finds the ambience of Wash­ a cursory glance at the alternatives which present and the subject of a growing scien­ ington no more enchanting outside the Sen­ are available to us for meeting our future tific diScussion, there is no question but that ate halls. "Everybody here is at the public energy needs reveals the intimate connection the scale of these changes is foreboding, trough," he complained. What with some which exists between climate and energy. and that these occurrences warrant increased of that $450 billion leaking through the Our energy requirements are directly related study and attention. cracks into the local economy, land values to the climatologtc•al conditions which sur­ The prolonged and extremely cold weather approximate a gold rush town. "They con- round us, as is our capa.b1lity to effectively experienced in the eastern United States from Apil 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10323 mid-October through early February of thls weather-sensitive energy products, both ment. I would be pleased to answer your past winter resulteq. from complex changes heating and cooling degree-day information questions. in the factors determining the weather. The is needed. Historical degree-day data are cur­ pronounced blocking ridge over the western rently used at the state level by month. Im­ plateau was discernable as early as last Au­ provements in long-range forecasts by geo­ WHO OWNS THE PRESS? gust and remained essentially stable for over graphical region would be of great value in six months, giving us cold in the East a.nd assessing potential energy demands. drought in the West. Understanding why last 5. In regard to projected gas curtailments HON. BILL CHAPPELL, JR. winter's prolonged colder than normal weath­ and alternate fuels information for a com­ OF FLORIDA er occurred and knowing if this is likely to be ing winter, the ability to know well in ad­ repeated next year a.nd in subsequent years vance if weather in specific areas of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with a greater probability, could be impor­ United States would be materially colder or Monday, April 4, 1977 tant to not only those concerned with en­ warmer than normal would be an invaluable ergy but also to those dealing with water tool for additional analysis. Since the usage Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise resources and agriculture. of fuel is affected by a. combination of wind to voice the concern of many Americans and weather (i.e., chill factors), better in­ NEEDS FOR CLIMATE AND WEATHER INFORMATION over disturbing trends in this Nation's formation on the relationship of these fac­ media industry. Increasingly, independ­ The needs for information on climatic tors would be helpful. changes a.nd the weather broadly fall into 6. Long-run studies of climate and weather ent media outlets-newspapers, radio and short-term efforts on monitoring and analyz­ patterns are also important. For example, television stations-are being swallowed ing the current situation, and long-range understanding the factors which caused last into giant firms, communications chains, forecasting of future weather a.nd climate year's weather which pushed warm air up and even industrial conglomerates. This patterns. While both types of effort are im­ into Ala.ska and cold air down over the Mid­ phenomenon, which has reached an epi­ portant, I believe that more attention and west and East would be useful. Greater at­ demic level in recent years, has several resources need to be used on longer-range tention should be placed on strategic climate dangerous implications. "strategic" forecasting. patterns, how t!hey are changing, and their Lest I be accused of overstating the SHORT-TERM WEATHER INFORMATION implications for the future on energy, agri­ culture, and the economy. case, Mr. Speaker, let me present the 1. Knowing on a current basis the tempera­ following statistics: At least 71 percent tures, degree-days, precipitation, solar in­ 7. A greater effort should be made to utilize solation, and wind speed and direction by re­ weather information in government deci­ of newspaper circulation i~ now con­ FEA gions of the country is required. Information slonmaking. User agencies such as are trolled by chains or is under some forms should be gathered, processed, and vali­ beginning to consider the relationships be­ of multiple ownership; this represents dated and ma.de available to users in a read­ tween weather and energy. More effort is 60 percent of America's newspapers. The ily accessible manner. clearly required. The agencies responsible for era of the independent newspaper is 2. Increased accuracy in snow aerial extent developing weather and climate statistics and forecasts should apply their expertise plummeting toward its end-increasing­ and snow water content information would to meet the users needs of weather informa­ ly, we find independent status only be useful for hydroelectric planning. Remote among small papers of 10,000 circulation sensing of such data by satellites offers sig­ tion in application areas such as energy, nificant improvement over standard aircraft agriculture, and water resource management. or less. We are approaching a time when snow surveys. SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING A NATIONAL all news will reach us through the fun­ 3. Data on solar insola.tion is critical for CLIMATE PROGRAM nels of media barons. computing the size and projected heating Even though my comments are not di­ The foremost danger is the jeopardy load of a. solar collector system. The Weather rected specifically to the proposed legisla­ in which we are placing the rights guar­ Service currently collects these data. on ap­ tion, I would like to make several general anteed us by the first amendment. For all proximately 120 locations throughout the suggestions in implementing the national practical purposes, we are seeing freedom United States. More extensive solar lnsola­ climate program. of speech and press fall under the control tion data. will be extremely useful for de­ 1. I strongly support the need for close co­ of fewer and fewer individuals. And when signing systems suitable for specific areas. ordination with user organizations. The a freedom is restricted, it loses its mean­ LONG-TERM WEATHER AND CLIMATE lead agencies in the climate program should ing. INFORMATION determine what information ls needed, in No one needs to be reminded of the 1. There ls a need for accurate long-range what form, and on what frequency. The survey should seek out how weather data is tremendous power the communications forecasts of weather so that the government industry holds in our society. Creation and industry can plan their actions regard­ being used, what problems are being ad­ ing fuel use and allocations. High accuracy dressed which require weather or climate in­ of empires in that industry also creates in 1- and 5-day forecasts is important, but formation, and what results are emerging communications lords, who can dictate having good long-range forecasts that could from studies relating to weather. how the news is reported-what is to be used to assess energy needs montJhs or 2. A strong applications program should be revealed and what is to be suppressed. more in advance would be very helpful for be built based on the results of the user As we see more and more of our smaller planning and taking appropriate actions to survey to complement agency programs. Sta.ff should include expertise not only in news sources being absorbed into these address potential fuel shortage problems. empires, we should realize that we are 2. We should make every effort to deter­ meteorology and climatology, but also in mine whether or not the combustion of fos­ such fields as agriculture, energy, environ­ also seeing the disappearance of local sil fuels is significantly affecting our cli­ ment, water resources, and econoinics. autonomy-and the sacrifice of a certain mate, or has the potential for affecting the Studies should be conducted on the use degree of freed om. climate if world consumption were to grow and application of weather information to Except by the tolerance of ownership significantly above today's levels. The pri­ these application areas. an individual editor or publisher can no mary concern I refer to is the requirement 3. A long-range program should be de­ longer print according to his own con­ to understand and measure the greenhouse veloped reflecting national information science. He must follow the dictates or or heating effect which some researchers needs. User agencies such as FEA or the whims of his company's policies. contend could result from the increased Department of Energy should be provided amounts of carbon-dioxide we are venting the opportunity to comment on the plan Many of our communities presently into the atmosphere. We should also push and suggest research and data priorities. have only one newspaper as it is. To place forward with the study of the possible cool­ 4. The process by which information is ex­ the control of a community's only source ing effects that could result from the small changed between meteorologists and those of printed news in the hands of a giant dust particles in smoke, or aerosols, which who must react to the weather should be conglomerate--which may be far-flung remain in the air for long periods. seriously examined. The current com­ both geographically and philosophically 3. We also should seek to understand munications process with regard to weather from the society of that community­ and climate could be inhibiting the ex­ whether the atmosphere's ca.pa.city to a.ct as places the citizens of that area under a a heat sink will be stressed by the continued change of information between those who growth of our use of all forms of energy. We seek to understand and those who need very real sort of dictatorship. They be­ do not think that this particular climate what is known about the weather. It is the come characters right out of George Or­ altering potential is approached by the pres­ communication of the available knowledge well, fed only what some remote Big ent activities, but we must be concerned with and insight that is of greatest value--and to Brother wants them to have. potential climate modifications which could increase that communication we should On Friday, March 25, a thought­ be stimulated by increasing levels of waste build into the design of a national climate provoking article appeared in the Wash­ heat. program a liaison group that is specifically ~gton Post. The author, Charles B. Seib, 4. Forecasting energy consumption over the charged with the mission of facilitating next one to two yea.rs on a quarterly or more this two-way exchange. This liaison group 1s to be commended for his insights into frequent basis, as well as even for longer time should contain both climatologists and pro­ the present trends in America's media. I periods (10 and 15 years), should be based fessionals trained in hydrology, agricultural · submit Mr. Seib's piece for the RECORD, on long-run climate and weather variables. sciences, energy, economics, and other fields. in the hope that it will serve as a warn­ To explain variations in demand for Thank you for this opportunity to com- ing signal of what is happening in our 10324 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 news industry. If Americans are ap­ nesses. Those pressures today are expressed in I am pleased to have this opportunity proaching a state of imperial news con­ words like acquisition, consolidation, diversi­ to pay tribute to our .Nation's more than fication and conglomeration. trol, they should at least be aware of the Also, newspapers are extremely attractive 350,000 skilled professional designers fact. The article follows: properties. A monopoly newspaper in a and draftsmen and draftswomen, and I WHO 0wNS THE PRESS? healthy community is second only to a tele­ wish them every success during their (By Charles B. Seib) vision license as a money-maker. And it 17th anniversary held in Houston, Tex.• Remember the cartoon showing the little comes equipped with its own special consti­ this week. fish being eaten by a bigger fish, and that fish tutional protection. being eaten by a still bigger fish and so on? Rupert Murdoch, the Australian press lord That is what is beginning to happen in the who is becoming a power in American jour­ OPINION SURVEY news business. The multiple-paper chains, nalism, has said that a monopoly newspaper having gobbled up the pick of the country's is "a license to steal money forever." Otis newspapers, are now beginning to feed on Chandler of the Times-Mirror Co. of Los HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD each other. Angeles put it less crudely: A monopoly OF MICHIGAN The result is increasingly centralized paper, he said, "gives you the franchise to do IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ownership of newspapers. This has profound what you want with profitability.... You meaning for those who care about the role of can control expenses and generate revenues Monday, April 4, 1977 the press in America. almost arbitrarily." It should be noted that the number of Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, in Last year 72 daily newspapers changed order to better represent the people of hands, according to Editor & Publisher, a monopoly newspapers-newspapers with no trade magazine. The previous year the figure true competition-grows ea.ch year. When Michigan's 19th Congressional District.· was 49. they feel the need to improve their image, I conduct a yearly district opinion sur­ The chains were active in the busy trad­ the moguls of the news business like to point vey on major national issues. This year. ing. As usual, they added to their strings by out that the First Amendment's protection more than 13,000 people responded. buying individual papers. But perhaps more of a free press is not something that belongs Because of the President's expressed significantly, the big ones gobbled up some to them. It belongs to YOU-the public, they say. interest in the views of the average citi­ little ones. zen, I have written him conveying the Two recent examples of chain-eat-chain That is good PR and it also is true, at least were the purchase of the Booth Newspapers in the large sense. If a free press is necessary results of my poll. by chain owner Samuel Newhouse and an to an open society, then it is indeed the Mr. Speaker, so that my colleagues agreement by the Gannett chain to buy the precious property of the citizens of that so­ may also have the benefit of the results Speidel papers. ciety. of this survey, I am inserting into the Newhouse paid $300 million for the Booth But a more mundane and equally valid RECORD my letter -to the President along properties. For that he got eight daily news­ truth was expressed by A. J. Liebling, the with a breakdown of the constituent papers in Michigan, Parade magazine and late press watchdog and iconoclast: "Free­ responses: some odds and ends. This brought his hold­ dom of the press belongs to the man who ings to 30 newspapers with circulations total­ owns one." That concisely sums up the con­ President JIMMY CARTER, ing 3.7 million. He is the king of chain owners cerns a.roused by what is happening to own­ The White House, in total circulation. ership today. Washington, D.C. The Gannett purchase of Speidel-13 And it doesn't help that Liebling's apho­ DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: More than 13,000 newspapers for $178 m1111on-will, along with rism may soon be outdated. Before long, a Michigan residents in Oakland and Livings­ some other recent acquisitions, bring that more accurate version may be: "Freedom of ton Counties responded to my 1977 Congres­ chain's total to 73 papers. Gannett is the the press belongs to the conglomerates that sional Questionnaire on important national number one chain in papers owned, although own them." issues. it is below Newhouse and several others in Because of your interest in the views of circulation. average citizens, I thought you would like The dealing continues unabated. Last NATIONAL DRAFTING WEEK to know the results. More than ninety-six month Capital Cities Communications, Inc., percent of those responding favor "sunset" bought the Kansas City Star, which had been legislation requiring every Federal program owned by its employees. The price: $125 mil­ HON. MATTHE.W J. RINALDO to rejustify its existence at least every five lion, which turned 15 or 20 newspaper people OF NEW JERSEY years-a program which you and I both support. into instant millionaires. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A few days· later, the Buffalo (N.Y.) Eve­ Ninety-two percent support mandatory ning News was sold for about $33 million to Monday, April 4, 1977 sentencing for all crimes committed with a Blue Chip Stamps of California. Blue Chip :M:r. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, the board gun, and nearly as many-ninety percent-­ is controlled by Warren Buffett, a director are opposed to extending diplomatic recogni­ and major stockholder of the Washington of directors of the American Institute tion and aid to North Vietnam. Sixty per­ Post Company. for Design and Drafting has proclaimed cent favor your efforts to begin negotiations The result of all the buying and selling this week, April 4 through April 7, as to normalize relations with Cuba. over the past few years is that three out of National Drafting Week. It is fitting that A large majority-eighty-two percent-­ five of the country's 1,750 dailies belong to national recognition be given to the favor delaying auto emissions standards to chains. The 12 largest chains publish nearly drafting profession and to the dedicated allow the industry time to develop the tech­ 40 per cent of the 61 million newspapers sold men and women who make such a vital nology to comply, an effort which I whole­ every day. heartedly support. The same percentage back Group ownership is not bad per se. Chains contribution to the countless items pro­ Federal tax breaks and low-interest loans in sometimes nurse sick and shoddy papers back duced in meeting society's needs, such as the production and marketing of solar en­ to journalistic health. And many chain news­ household and business equipment, hard­ ergy for residential and commercial use. papers serve their communities well while ware for space missions, and concepts to Two thirds of those responding said they producing nice profits for the owners. enhance our environment. favor legislation giving your Administration Nevertheless, the great, discordant choir The history of drafting is long and authority to re-establish the military draft, that makes up the press of America is losing rich. Among the earliest records of engi­ but only twenty-six percent said they sup­ its independent voices, one by one. If the ported your Vietnam-era amnesty program. trend continues, its music may end up re­ neering graphics is a stone engraving of a fortress plan made by the Babylonian Only twenty-eight percent said they felt sembling the slick, superficial harmonies of national health insurance was an urgent a barbershop quartet. And that is bad. engineer, Gudea, about 2000 B.C. Leo­ priority if it means higher taxes, while At stake is diversity. The First Amendment nardo da Vinci illustrated his work pro­ twenty percent backed direct Federal sub­ gua.rantees a free press-not a fair, honest or fusely with technical drawings. His sidies to cities in danger of defaulting. Three good one. Diversity has always been the es­ treatise on painting is regarded as the quarters of the respondents favor legislation sential ingredient that made the whole thing allowing parents a tax deduction for the work. first book printed on the theory of pro­ A recent report on newspaper ownership jection drawing. It was Gaspard Monge, costs of financing their children's college asked a question: "How much competition is however, who is regarded as the first to education. required to insure a forum for unbiased jour­ make an organized record of the princi­ I look forward each year to this cross­ nalism?" That is not quite the issue. The ples of engineering drawing that are used section of views from the people in my Con­ real question is: "How much competition is gressional District. I know you will be equally today. Drafting history continues to be interested in their thinking on major na­ required to insure that the press will do its made, and the accomplishments of con­ job despite biased journalism?" tional issues. Why tire brisk trade in newspapers? For temporary professionals will render in­ Respectfully, one thing, they are businesses and they a.re. valuable service to the present and fu­ WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD, subject to the same pressures as other busi- ture generations. Member of Congress . April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10325 bers, staff, and House employees is minus million dollars is not even pocket change. QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS The $5 million has been taken from the peo­ (Tabulated by PSA, Inc., Baltimore, Md.) a well known senior colleague this week­ Capitol Hill Police Officer Adolph Krenn. ple under the compulsions of taxation. For [In percent] Officer Krenn died Tuesday, March 29, what purpose? 1. Military Draft: Would you support legis­ The ostensible purpose, spelled out in the and he was buried April 1 in Shenan­ authorizing legislation in 1975, is to assess lation giving the President authority to re­ doah, Pa. establish the mlltia.ry draft? the progress toward "equality between men I learned of Adolph Krenn's death and women in all aspects of life in the United 'Yes------64 through RON MA.zzoLI's March 30 RECORD States," and to identify the barriers that No ------34 statement. Because we moved 'our office prevent women from participating fully in 2. Auto Emissions: Should auto emissions from 1111 Longworth to 2268 Rayburn all aspects of national life. Jimdandy. standards be delayed to allow the industry this January, Adolph Krenn's absence The commission also is charged with set­ time to develop the technology to comply? from his post was not noted by myself or ting up a series of state meetings to be fol­ lowed by a national whoop-te-doo in Hous­ 'Yes------82 my staff. Our habits of entering the ton in November. No------16 Longworth Building each day at the The ulterior purpose, unless I am vastly police post located near the New -Jersey 3. Sunset Law: Would you support legis­ mistaken, is something else. This commission lation requiring every Federal program to re­ and C Street entrance were ended early will be spending our money in a desperate, justify its existence at least once every five this year. last-ditch lobbying effort for the pending yea.rs or be abolished? Now, with Adolph Krenn's death, all of Equal Rights Amendment. Any such diver­ us are forever denied the good feelings we sion of public funds ls unpardonable-and 'Yes------96 exprienced as we walked past Adolph's probably unlawful as well. No------2 post and he greeted us. He was the first Perhaps my speculations are unjust. Back 4. Health Insurance: Do you believe that in December of 1975, as a member of the House employee many of us met most House, Mrs. Abzug reassured her doubtful it is urgent that national health insurance mornings and this experience was al­ be instituted even if it will mean increased colleagues. The commission's conferences, ways a good way to start the day. she said, would afford an opportunity "for taxes? My staff and I extend our sincere con­ every kind of woman, representing every 'Yes------28 dolences to his family. We share with viewpoint," to make her concerns known. No------68 them a sense of foss. Adolph Krenn was a Mrs. Abzug promised that "some who a.re opposed to the ERA" would be represented. 5. North Vietnam: Do you favor extending valued member of our small House com­ diplomatic recognition and financial a.id to munity. It will be interesting to see what develops. North Vietnam? In the normal pattern of such ventures, • study commissions follow a classic outline. 'Yes------7 First ls the lofty statement of purpose-in No------90 BELLA'S BOONDOGGLE IS NOT this case, an executive order by former Presi­ WORTH $5 MILLION 6. Amnesty: Do you favor the President's dent Ford. This is followed by enabling legis­ program granting amnesty to Vietnam-era. lation, approved by a Congress that finds it draft evaders? politically inexpedient to challenge so noble HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES an undertaking. 'Yes------26 OF FLORIDA The study commission then is appointed, No------72 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES according to demographic rules as immu­ 7. Solar energy: Should the Federal Gov­ Monday, April 4, 1977 table as the laws of physic~o many blacks, ernment provide tax breaks and low-interest so many members with Spanish-American loans in the production and marketing of Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, James J. surnames, so many from the South, the West solar energy for residential and commercial Kilpatrick, an articulate speaker and a and the East, a. smattering of Republicans, use? capable writer, has voiced the senti­ a. celebrity or two. Most of the commission ments of many persons in a column members will attend only three or four No------82 meetings; some will attend none at all. 'Yes------16 which appeared in the Washington Star on April 2. The title of the article is, The work will be done by a carefully 8. Mandatory Sentencing: Would you sup­ rigged staff under the supervision of a chair­ port mandatory sentencing and a. denial of "Bella's Boondoggle Is Not Worth $5 Mil­ person whose views are as predictable as the pa.role for all crimes committed with a. gun? lion." Many of us voted against the ap­ vernal equinox. The final report could be propriation of $5 million for a National composed, for all practical purposes, before 'Yes------92 Commission on the Observance of Inter­ No------6 the first organizational meeting is held. national Women's Year. The questions The ultimate report at last languishes, 9. Aid to Cities: Would you favor direct raised by Mr. Kilpatrick were apparent unread, in a thousand library fl.les. And $5 subsidies to cities in danger of defaulting? in the debate on the measure. Even so, it million goes down the drain. 'Yes------20 could have been worse. The proponents It will be phenomenal if Bella's boon­ No------74 sought an appropriation of $10 million doggle follows any other course. Nothing for the project. This was rejected. will be learned from this expenditure of 10. Cuba: Do you favor beginning negotia­ public funds that could not be gleaned tions to normalize relations with Cuba.? I submit the article for reprinting in from the women's magazines or from the 'Yes------60 the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: consistories of the League of Women Voters. No------86 BELLA'S BOONDOGGLE Is Nor WORTH $6 The same speakers will make the same MILLION 11. Parents' Tax Break: Do you favor leg­ ritual points they have been making for islation allowing parents a tax deduction for (By James J. Kilpatrick) months. The commission's 38 employes will the costs of financing their children's col­ President Carter on Monday reconstituted draw their pay and will process travel lege education? the National Commission on the Observance vouchers. We will have press releases, of International Women's 'Year, and named agendas, programs, statements. 'Yes------76 Bella. Abzug as its chairperson. Speaking The only excitement will come, as it came No------23 simply as one taxpayer, I am minded to ask ln Mexico City in the summer of 1975, when (Balance equalling 100 percent undecided.) what in the world goes on. some of the participants get to howling and The commission ls to include 42 public pulling hair. members plus two from the Senate and two Persons who oppose the Equal Rights CAPITOL POLICE OFFICER ADOLPH from the House. One of the senators is Birch Amendment would be well advised to mount KRENN Ba.yh of Indiana, whose modest claim is io a counter-offensive. With vigorous effort on have written more of the U.S. Constitution their pa.rt, stacked conferences can be un­ than any man since Madison. He ls the con­ stacked, and rigged schedules of witnesses HON. DONALD M. FRASER stitutional expert. But if there is any con­ can be unrtgged. OF MINNESOTA stitutional authority for this exercise in Bella tends to overwhelm opposition, but public expenditures, it eludes ready iden­ the gentlewoman is not invincible. As head IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES t1flcat1on. of a public body, spending public funds, she Monday, April 4, 1977 The gentlewoman from New York, as cha.lr­ ts in a position of public trust. Deliberate person of this outfit, has been handed a $5 lobbying can't be tolerated. As these con­ Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the small, mtlllon kitty to stroke. It is inunaterial that ferences proceed, perhaps the local press wlll informal community made up of Mem- Ul a budget of $460 blllion, an item of -$5 seek to keep the lady in line. 10326 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 ED KLITCH store, handymen, lawnmower repair, ma­ ing about it, and using it, too. They call in jorettes, newspaper collection, paint remover, and ask what's a good time for planting, or piano teachers, player piano repair, refrig­ young housewives call in and ask for recipes. HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON erator pickup, sandblasting, saw sharpen­ Then the ... let's call them 'more mature' ing, scissor sharpening, seamstresses, slip­ OF MARYLAND ladles call in and answer." covers, tinsmithing, upholstery, washing ma· In fact, one of the most endearing aspects IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chine repair, Welcome Wagon and wicker of Phone Party is the direct communication Monday, April 4, 1977 baskets. that individuals conduct, using the show as "I have a three-gallon garden spray that a third party. On this day, a caller says that Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, last Friday doesn't work." she saw Red Skelton on the Academy in the portfolio section of the Washing- "I'll bet you 10 to 1 it's the rubber gasket A wards show and was surprised because she ton Star newspaper, Reporter Boris at the bottom." thought he was dead. A few calls later, an­ Weintraub honored one of western and "Well, maybe so. If someone can help, other c~ller reports that Skelton happened I'd appreciate it. The number is ..." "Sometimes," says John Staub, owner and to be on the Mike Douglas television show central Maryland's outstanding citizens, that morning, that the show would be re­ Ed Klitch. general manager of WJEJ, "things are a peated on channel 13 later that day, and Ed Klitch is host of Phone Party each little slow on the show if Ed opens the show that the first caller might want to tune in. morning on WJEJ Radio in Hagerstown. and has some things to say. They'll wait till "I have a little grandson who's starting to Phone Party is a relaxed source of in- he finishes, then they start to call. The vari­ walk pigeon-toed and I wonder i! there's any­ formation and guidance for area resi- ety of things they call about is amazing." where in Hagerstown I can get special shoes dents. With Ed at the helm, the program "The most memorable call ever," says for him?" is a source of promotion of the beauties Klitch, "was from a woman who called and The calls keep coming in as the half-hour and advantages of western and central said, 'I'm sturdily built, and I need panty- races by: Does anybody have a Busy Lizzy hose for a big fl"ame that are reinforced in or a Bright Begonia? Did you know that Maryland. the heel.' I said, 'Lady, I wouldn't. touch that this is a good time to gather dandelions and For more than a decade, Ed has been wi,th a 10-foot pole.' People still talk about cook them? Where can I get an electric mo­ seen and heard on radio and television that when they see me." tor repairman? Finally, near the show's end, in the area. He has been a force in mak- "I'd like to obtain a World War II flight Mrs. Queen calls. ing western and central Maryland a bet- helmet. I'm a pilot and a collector, and I "Good morning, Mr. Klitch." ter and more enjoyable place to live. need a flight helmet." "Good morning, Mrs. Queen." I would like to join my fellow residents Ed Klitch is the "morning man" at WJEJ, "The lady who wanted the Busy Lizzy, she · th c i 1 n· t i t in driving in from his Fred~rick home at 3: 30 of t he Six 0!1gress ona . IS r c a.m. to get ·the station on the air at 4:30. might try one of the greenhouses. The woman He also is responsible for doing newscasts, about the shoes, after she sees the doctor, she thanking our friend, Ed K~itch, for a • might try ... shoe store. The gentleman job well done. And I would llke to share mostly of the rip-and-read variety, but also who wanted to repair his motor, he might with my colleagues in the U.S. House of involving checks with local police, for select­ call ... These are good days for planting Representatives this tribute to Ed Klitch ing rnme of the station's recorded music-it the 1st and 2nd for flowers, the 3rd through and W JEJ radio by Boris Weintraub in has a "contemporary MOR" forma,t-for do­ the 7th for vegetables. The woman who called the Washington Star: ing a Sunday night show of n~talgic, re­ the other day about a Dutch Boy quilt pat­ IN HAGERSTOWN RADIO IS THE PEOPLE'S VOICE corded big band music, and for domg a vari- tern, she can call me and I'll give her a • ety of interview features. number." (By Boris Weintraub) When a caller to Phone Party suggests an If Phone Party has a star other than Ed HAGERSTOWN, MD.-It begins like this: interest in something unusual, such as World Klitch, it's Mrs. Juanita Queen, a sprightly "Good morning, you're on Phone Party." war II flight helmets, Klitch often extends 75-year-old black woman (Klitch calls her "Good morning. If anybody listening has the conversation. You never know, he says, some scrap metal or old batteries they don't when such a conversation might lead to an "a Negress") who is the show's most regular want, I'll pick it up free. They don't have to interesting interview for one of his other caller. Over the years Juanita Queen has pay anything." shows. built up a file of her own on things that just "Nothing at all, huh?" ,, "Hi, Ed, how are you?" about everybody in the "Four-State area"­ "No. They can call me at . . . "I can't stand the hat weather. How are parts of Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia It begins like that at 11 a.m. four days a you?" and Pennsylvania can hear WJEJ's powerful week, Tuesdays through Fridays on WJEJ, "I'm fine, I Just wanted to tell you that I FM signal-would want to know, and she has AM and FM, from this bustUng small town in took the wife and kids to see the ~Up With no hesitation about sharing her knowledge Washington County, Md., population 108,000. People' show last week and they were ter­ with Phone Party's listeners. It's called Phone Party, and it is a perfect ex- riflci I was a music major in college and I "She used to call after almost every call ample of how a radio station in a small town don't think you could see a better show this with an answer, so we put in a rule that can bring people together. side of Broadway." limited people to one call per program," The show, which has been on WJEJ for "I agree with you. What I especially liked Klitch says affectionately. "So now she saves 14 years and has its counterpart in other was the way they played for us free down at up till the end of the show, and then she calls towns of comparable size, has a very simple the mall, and the way Hagerstown opened and answers everyone at one time." premise: People who want advice, informa- its hearts and its homes to them." Corny? Of course it is. Laughable? Some­ tion, guidance, whatever,. call in and state When things get slow on Phone Party, as times. But the Federal Communications Act their problem. Host Ed Klltch, who has been they sometimes do, Ed Klitch fills in with requires a radio station licensed to use the with WJEJ for four years and has worked various announcements and comments. For public airwaves to serve the "public interest, on Phone Party most of that time, converses example he'll plug an upcoming concert by convenience and necessity." What could do with them, commiserates and restates the the South Hagerstown High School concert that better than a show like Phone Party? problem and the caller's phone number. Then band and wind ensemble, or he'll Joke about listeners who want to help either call the first the engineer, sue Burns, who is also one of caller or call the show and offer an answer. the station's disc jockey's At a station this W~at could be simpler? , size, there is litle room f;r specialists. EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FOR I need somebody to plow up a garden. Its The prevallng atmosphere both at the 20 2 SCHOOLS ACT ;;r~i~rh ~/:r:~;ive of Baltimore, a 60- station and on ,the program, 'ts relaxed and year-old gray-haired, crew-cut, super- small town. The station, the show and ~d straight 'veteran of 25 years in the Army who Klitch are Hagerstown fixtures. Could this HON. CARL D. PERKINS got into radio in Frederick, Md., when he re- work in a bigger market, such as Washing­ OF KENTUCKY tired from the Army in 1964. He is a bluff, ton? Klitch thinks so. hail-fellow-well-met local-booster type who "Everybody thinks that big city people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is a ready talker a:dd a quick ad-libber. As are so sophisticated, but there's plenty of Monday, April 4, 1977 such he is almost a prototype for the type unsophisticated folks out there who need of p~rson who should be hosting a program the same sort of help they get on this show," Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, today, I like Phone Party he says. am introducing, on behalf of the Ameri­ "My idea is t~ put people in touch with John Staub, the station's boss, isn't sure. can Association of School Administra­ other people," Klich says. He thinks that the show would have to be tors, the Emergency Assistance for If other listeners can't help him his call- adapted to a larger market in some way, but Schools Act. The basic purpose of this ers, Klitch keeps a file of persons or agencies that it might work. legislation is to assist our educational in­ that offer the sort of services that his list- "There are magazines now aimed at apart­ ener-callers tend to request. A partial list: ment dwellers," he says. "Maybe there would stitutions, especially our elementary and Amway, animal rescue, bathtub tiling, bike b~ some way to aim a show like this at peo­ secondary schools, to meet the budgetary parts, carpet cleaning, chair caning, clowns, pie who live in apartments. But this show crisis the:v are presently facing due clock repair, concrete contractors, dog houses, amazes people wl:\o hav~ lived in big cities to the rapidly accelerating costs of fuel. electric stove repair, eyeglasses, German food and now live here. They re always comment- The American Association of School April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10327 Administrators has taken the leadership manner in which schools are consuming and Balanced Growth Act. I would like in urging congressional action to help fuel. to share with my colleagues some of the meet this crisis; and Senator CLAIBOURNE For all of these reasons, I am today in­ thoughts and concerns of Raymond J. PELL, chairman of the Senate Subcom­ troducing the Emergency Assistance for Saulnier, professor emeritus of eco­ mittee on Education, has responded by Schools Act. I believe that we must focus nomics, Barnard College, Columbia Uni­ writing and introducing legislation pro­ immediate attention on this problem, and versity, in the form of his correspond­ posing a program of Federal assistance. I would hope that the administration and ence with the Honorable A,ucusros F. Senator PELL and the American Associa­ the Congress will make schools as more HAWKINS: tion of School Administrators are to be efficient energy users a prime element of MARcH 22, 1977. highly commended for taking the initia­ our emerging national energy policy. DEAR MR. HAWKINS: I will not undertake tive in this area. Senator PELL has al­ Mr. Speaker, I am enclosing at the end here to respond to all points ma.de in your ways been an outstanding leader in ed­ of my remarks a short summary of the statement (Congressional Record, February in­ Emergency Assistance for Schools Act: 17, 1977) criticizing an article of mine (Busi­ ucation, and the legislation he has ness Horizons, February 1977, Indiana Uni­ troduced confirms this leadership role. SUMMARY OF THE EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE versity Graduate School of Business) intro­ The bill I am introducing today is FOR SCHOOLS ACT duced by Senator Goldwater into the Con­ basically a companion bill to Senator The purpose of this legislation is to provide gressional Record, February 10, 1977, in PELL's bill, S. 701. It is my hope that the Federal financial assistance to local educa­ which I commented negatively on the introduction of this bill will spurt tional agencies to help them meet the emer­ Humphrey-Hawkins bill (H.R. 50), but I prompt hearings in the House on the gency caused by the high costs of energy and believe a rejoinder is warranted on four to make their schools more energy efficient. major issues. problems our educational institutions The bill authorizes three types of grants: are facing as regards the energy crisis. ( 1) It is surely no error to describe H.R. (1) basic grants to make school facilities 50's approach to reducing unemployment as Our Nation's schools alone consume 11 more efficient to operate, (2) demonstration putting people into some form of federa.lly­ percent of the heating/cooling fuel in grants to State agencies and educational in­ a.ssisted employment and as a "last resort" this country. Yet, it has been estimated stitutions for projects which show great into project-type public service jobs. The bill that almost half of the energy they con­ promise of improving energy efficiency; and does indeed say that it gives top priority to sume is wasted, mostly because school ( 3) technical assistance to such agencies and the expansion of private employment, and buildings were constructed in a very institutions. would not activate its reservoir of last-resort energy inefficient manner. In fact, the Three hundred and fifty million dollars is projects within two yea.rs of enactment, authorized for the basic grants section for waiting in the interim for private employ­ Federal Energy Administration has esti­ each fiscal year from fiscal year 1978 to fiscal ment to absorb adult unemployment down mated that if 30 percent of the Nation's year 1981. Half of the sums appropriated is to to the 3 percent level, but it is a fair de­ elementary and secondary schools were be distributed on an equitable basis among scription of the bill that it would do noth­ retrofitted to become more energy ef­ the States by the Commissioner, and the ing in the interim (nor thereafter) to pro­ ficient, we would save 25 million barrels other half is to be distributed to local edu­ mote private employment, unless one regards of oil a year. cational agencies on the basis of severe en­ an increase in federal spending under provi­ We must focus on making our schools ergy hardship. These gra..nts may be used sions of the bill not subject to the two-year for energy conservation measures including standstill as a means to that end. Nor would more energy efficient not only because of the costs of insulation, remodeling, renova­ H.R. 50 do anything to remove obstruc­ the effect their wasteful consumption has tion and modifications of school facilities. tions to the increase of private self-support­ on our Nation's balance of payments, but Thirty million dollars is authorized for ing jobs. It remains a fair criticism of the also because of the effect th&t this waste fiscal yea.rs 1978 through 1981 for a program bill that, lacking encouragement to the crea­ is having on the quality of education be­ of demonstration grants to projects which tion of private jobs, its effect would be to ing offered in this country. In school year show unusual promise in promoting the lodge assisted persons more O!' less perma.­ 1974-75 the Nation's public schools spent objective of developing energy conservation nently in ma.kework public projects. an estimated $514 million more on fuel methods. These grants can be made to local (2) I fall to see why it is an error to say than they had in school year 1972-73, educational agencies or to State educational that the bill would offer federally-assisted agencies, energy offices, other appropriate employment at market rates of pay when it even though consumption dropped slight­ State agencies and institutions of higher, specifically requires that assisted persons ly over that 2-year period. At current education to work in conjunction with local be paid at rates equivalent to what the pub­ salary levels, this increase in the cost of school districts. lic or private employer pays others doing fuel represents about 43,000 teaching One hundred and twenty million dollars the same work. It still seems to me that this positions. In other words, our schools is authorized for fiscal yea.rs 1978 through pay standard would attract persons to fed­ could have hired 43,000 teachers to re­ °198tfor teclin1ca.f assistance to loca.Ceduca­ erally-assisted jobs from lesser-paid private duce the pupil/teacher ratio with the tional agencies or agencies and institutions or public employment, that it would be ex­ money they had to spend for the in­ working in conjunction with local districts. ceedingly difficult administratively to pre­ vent such transfers, that there would be a creased cost of fuel. This technical assistance can include tempo­ strong pull of additional persons into the Another way of looking at this cost is to rary employment of specially qualified per­ labor force, and that these effects could make compare it with the cost of textbooks sonnel to plan and implement energy con­ it impossible ever to reach the bill's unem­ purchased by our schools every year. The servation projects, and the conduct of spe­ ployment-reduction goal. Clearly, it would additional $514 million spent on fuel rep­ cialized studies, feasibility studies, and en­ be a mistake to overlook or minimize these resents the total amount of money ergy use evaluations. implications of the pay standard the b111 schools usually spend every year for new Local educational agencies are required to would mandate in assessing how it would textbooks. match Federal funds received under the Act work in practice and thus what it would Obviously, the increased cost of fuel, on a 50-50 basis for the basic grants and cost in annual federal outlays. and the inefficient manner in which the technical assistance grants, and on a one­ (3) In pa.rt because of considerations third/two-thirds basis for demonstration raised in para.graph two above, it is unclear schools are using this fuel, has placed an what the bill would cost, but surely the out­ extreme strain on school budgets. Local grants. lays could be enormous. My estimate dealt school districts traditionally spend be­ exclusively with those provisions of the bill tween 12.5 to 15 percent of their discre­ under which the Federal Government would tionary funds for fuel. This year, they are HUMPHREY-HAWKINS FULL EM­ act directly to try to bring the adult unem­ now committing between 25 and 35 per­ PLOYMENT AND BALANCED ployment rate down to 3 percent. It was ma.de cent of their discretionary funds for this GROWTH ACT by multiplying the number of persons pre­ purpose. Often, these funds must come sumably eligible for aid as of October fi}76 (2.65 milllon) by $18,000, which, seemed a from other areas of local school district reasonable average of what the cost would be budgets which obviously has a direct im­ HON. RONALD A. SARASIN per person assisted, counting administrative pact upon the quality of teaching and OF CONNECTICUT overhead and needed facllities and equip­ learning. Furthermore, since local school IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment as well as pay, and net of costs such as expenditures are usually the largest item. unemployment compensation and wettare Monday, April 4, 1977 payments that in many cases would be ob­ in every locality's budget, this means that viated. I see estimates of per person public every taxpayer in the country is paying Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, con­ service employment costs that a.re close to more for the increased cost of fuel in the troversy continues to rage over the $10,000, but then a.gain there a.re est.J.maites of schools and for the presently inefficient Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment costs to create a single new public works job CXXIlI--650-Part 9 10328 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 as high as $40,000. Thus, the $18,000 aver­ raise minimum wage rates that in many areas combined with a strong sense of excellent age, and the $48 billion estimate of startup are already a deterrent to employment. In teamwork. costs, which would be incurred over an in­ addition to removing, at least reducing, ob­ definite period as the corps of persons being structions to the increase of private employ­ It was this running formula that assisted was expanded, seems to me not at ment, steps need to be taken also, mainly in brought the De La Salle team up through all a "wild exaggeration." And if the $48 bil­ the area of tax law, to increase incentives to the regional championship in the Chica­ lion figure needs cutting back-for example, save and to invest. In short, there is a need go area and later to topple the St. if the estimate of persons ultimately obtain­ for a broadbased program to increase private Lawrence Vikings of Burbaz:ik, Ill., bring­ ing assistance should be less than 2.65 mil­ self-supporting jobs. ing them to the runners-up position in lion--costs for other programs the bill would It is unreasonable to expect all this to be the Illinois State basketball champion­ authorize, such as that which would aim done at once, and even more unreasonable to underwrite "stabilization and needed to expect instant results. What is important ship held in Champaign, Ill. growth and State and local budgets," could is to get started on the right road. I hope In Champaign 15,000 parents, students easily make up the difference. Moreover, the you and your committee will reconsider H.R. and fans cheered for a victory. The great $48 billion estimate deals not at all with the 50 in the light of this need. sophomore center Darrel Allen added continuing, as distinct from the startup, costs Believing that other members of your com­ fire to those cheers while breaking the of the bill. mittee will be interested in my reactions to State's rebound record of 55 for the (4) It is surely not "categorically errone­ your CONGRESSIONAL RECORD statement, I am tournament. Before the end of the game ous" to conclude that the bill would lead to taking the liberty of sending each a copy of a widening range of direct controls over the this letter. Darrel Allen had pushed his 6-foot 6- economy. This would be the inevitable result Sincerely, inch height to capture a new State re­ of passing a bill which, while it would be im­ RAYMOND J. SAULNIER, bound record of 58. Allen was the choice mensely inflationary, includes a provision Professor Emeritus of Economics. of the press for the most outstanding that would prohibit any increase in the in­ player award in the tournament--he was flation rate. The combination would lead chosen as an All State Center by the sooner or later to what the bill calls "admin­ Chicago Tribune. istrative and legislative actions to promote A TRIBUTE TO DE LA SALLE INSTI­ reasonable price stability," and which I can­ Much of this team's rising success not read otherwise than as direct wage and TUTE OF CHICAGO stems from the detailed coaching tech­ price controls. niques developed by Coach Jerry Tokars. Moreover, governm~mt cannot set a battery As pointed out by Coach Tokars, the of numerical targets to be met by the econ­ HON. JOHN G. FARY technique fits in with De La Salle's omy within what is alluded to as a "compre­ OF ILLINOIS athletic motto, "A team that won't be hensive planning framework," as H.R. 50 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES beaten." would require, without at some point being Coach Tokars has coached the Meteors explicit and mandatory in directing how the Monday, April 4, 1977 targets should be met. It is simply too much Mr. FARY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay for 22 years and was recently honored to ask one to believe that government can tribute to the De La Salle team runners­ by being selected as the alternate coach set out not only the rules of the game and up in the Illinois State AAA Basketball of the State tournament. His name is the limits of the playing field, but in this Championship recently held in Cham­ listed in the Chicago Tribune's Illinois case what the score should be, without at paign, Ill. Basketball Association Hall of Fame. some point telling the players how they Coach Tokars is setting the team on a should play the game. It is with a great feeling of nostalgia I have never meant to underestimate the as I stand before my colleagues and rem­ straight course to next year's champion­ seriousness of structural unemployment or inisce about De La Salle Institute and ship playoffs. The outlook for this goal is the urgency of getting on with measures to the great contributions it has made over promising with many of this year's vet­ reduce it. My view is simply that H.R. 50 is the years to the Chicago community in eran players continuing into next year's not the way to do it. As I stated in my testi­ the education of our youngsters and the season. Darrel Allen will be returning mony on February 22, 1977 before the Sub­ molding of their character so as to pre­ with Aaron Harris. Upcoming freshmen committee on Equal Opportunities of the will add to this talent bank that Coach Committee on Education and Labor, which pare them for the difficulties and tribu­ lations they will face in life. Tokars will draw from to reach the you were unable to attend, my position is playoffs. that H.R. 50 should be abandoned in favor The history of De La Salle began in of action in two separate but related areas. 1892. Classes were opened by Brother Mr. Speaker, I am proud to honor First, something must be done to increase Ajutor, F.S.C. and are still conducted by these young men whose determination the effectiveness of the "training and em­ the Brothers of the Christian Schools. and fine team work brought the De La ployment" programs that H.R. 50 would Salle Meteors up through the regional greatly expand. As the Carter administra­ Two years later, 22 men became the competition and super sectional contests tion's fiscal year 1978 budget revisions (page first graduates of De La Salle and short­ 51) shows, actual outlays on these programs ly after that the school alumni associa­ to the semifinals who were honored at were $7.3 billion in fl.seal 1976 and authoriza­ tion was organized and established on a the 39th Annual Community Congress of tion is proposed for outlays reaching $9.3 firm basis as the Annual Alumni Associa­ the Back of the Yards Neighborhood billion in fl.seal 1978 and $11.2 b1llion in fiscal Council. tion of 1895. 1979. Surely there is reason to expect bene­ I attended the congress held on Palm fits from expenditures on this scale greater Today it is vigorous in its yearly serv­ Sunday at Saint Michaels Social Center, than would appear to have been produced ice of meetings, retreats, and individual along with 400 guests and delegates. Chi­ to date. class reunions. It has built the distinc­ Second, it is surely time to face squarely tion of being the largest gathering of any cago Mayor Michael Bilandic gave an the need to devise and enact a program of high school or college in the country, and eloquent speech and paid tribute to the measures to help increase private, self-sup­ long De. La Salle history of accomplish­ porting jobs. In part this is a matter of re­ has helped build the reputation of De La ments. moving or reducing present obstructions to Salle to the point where today Chicago the increase of private employment, in which Radio Station WLS honors it as the high The history of De La Salle is impres­ I would put the need for modification of school of the year. sive. Its listing of graduates include ath­ minimum wage and related laws at the top Its recent outstanding achievements letes such as Ed Riska, all American of of the list. I do not underestimate for a in athletics is one more tribute to the Notre Dame; Bob Kennedy, who was in moment the opposition that moves to make quality of this institute. Just this year pro baseball with the Chicago White Sox these laws economically defensible would en­ and is now general manager of the Chi­ counter, but somehow the political courage the De La Salle Meteors swung the and will must be found to close, at least third place markup in the All American cago Cubs; La Rue Martin, all Ameri­ reduce, the gap between the wage that is State High School Basketball Champion­ can at Loyola University. paid and the productivity that can realistic­ ship. De La Salle has inspired and graduated ally be expected from the employment. You This is the first year the Meteors many fine civic leaders such as three of and I would agree, surely, that the better way have competed and, like all other areas Chicago's mayors, Mayor Richard J. to close the gap is to lift productivity, and I Daley, Mayor Martin J. Kennelly, and would spare no expenditure that can rea­ De La Salle has concerned itself with, sonably be expected to produce this essen­ they are excelling quickly. The great Mayor Michael A. Bilandic. Other civic tial result, but it is futile to expect this strides of De La Salle are often attributed leaders include Morgan Murphy, the approach to succeed in the face of efforts to to the rigorous reserve of young talent chairman of Commonwealth Edison; Joe April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10329 Meegan, community leader and editor; "hear" it, too. She's chirping robins, the tempted to escape as flames erupted in the late Daniel Ryan, whose name now humming air conditioners, rustling leaves, the engine compartment and spread to endows Highway 90-94; the late James and the crunchy snow. America screams at a pep rally before the interior of the car. B. McCahey, president of the Board of a championship game. It ls the rustle of A ld.bor foreman, Mr. William E. Paine, Education of Chicago, and the late Mike magazine pages. The friendly yip of a puppy, who was in the vicinity at the time of the Connolly, a Hollywood columnist. a gentle spring shower, the moaning siren: accident, rushed to the motor vehicle and The school's listing of religious, civic, all ring America! proceeded in vain to pry open the bat­ and professional leaders goes on and on­ I hear America on television: The Fonz tered car door. Exercising quick judg­ so too does the school's listing of new on "Happy Days", and the pop of cham­ men~. Paine lunged through a partially achievements. pagne bubbles on the "Lawrence Welk Show". broken car window and seized Mr. Wil­ Whether it is in athletic accomplish­ She harmonizes with the Mormon Taber­ nacle Choir, or crickets chirping on a summer fong. With extreme difficulty, he dragged ments or in preparing the future leaders the injured man from the wreck as it of our great community, De La Salle In­ evening. The surging blast of rock and roll music was consumed by flames. Mr. Wilfong's stitute stands as a model to the entire or Beethoven's majestic fifth symphony, the life was saved and later he recovered Nation and I am proud of its many con­ joyous racket of Christmas carolers, the from his injuries and burns. tributions to the city of Chicago. banging fireworks of July 4th-all are Mr. Speaker, I commend Mr. William America. E. Paine for performing this brave act Our nation is blaring horns at five o'clock and for risking his life to save the life traffic on congested freeways or dead silence "WHAT AMERICA MEANS TO ME'' in an "old cemetery" road. America shouts-­ of another human being. and sighs. I can "feel" America. America feels satis­ HON. TOM HARKIN faction after passing the final exam with an OF IOWA "A". Our land ls the continual struggle be­ LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tween you and another person for that vacant position. America can be frustration Monday, April 4, 1977 when your ca.r has a flat tire or she ls Joy HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER Mr. HARKIN. Mr. Speaker, each year when you find that "one special person" to OF PENNSYLVANIA the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the share your life with. America ls sadness when your best friend moves a thousand miles IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States and its ladies auxiliary con­ away. Monday, April 4, 1977 duct a Voice of Democracy Contest. This I feel America all a.round me, every mo­ year nearly 500,000 secondary school stu­ ment of the day. She expresses every known Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, I dents participated in the contest compet- emotion. I see her in time of crisis-her would like to join with my colleagues in ing for five national scholarships. · strength ls shown through those who "pick the House of Representatives in com­ The winning contestant from each up the pieces" and start over after the tor­ memorating the 59th anniversary of State will attend the Veterans of Foreign nado. I see her in the face of death, evident Lithuanian Independence Day. Wars Annual Congressional Convention in the solemn stare of a young boy who I think that we can all find much to and Dinner to be held March 4 to 9. wonders why mommy will never "wake up." admire in the long history of Lithuania. The 1976-77 Voice of Democracy schol­ America lives in new fads or solid corner­ Dating back to the year 1009, Lithuania arship Iowa winner is Jan Les1ie Elias, stones. has always been known as a country of America? She ls truth. Democracy hears her the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Norman subjects criticize and reprimand. Her free­ people devoted to the preservation of Elias of Persia. It is my pleasure to in­ dom sees riots on campuses and campaigns basic human freedoms, faithful to their sert into the RECORD, Jan's winning for equal rights. Our country touches op­ religion, language, and traditions. speech: portunity with no limitations. In modern times Lithuania ha-s suf­ WHAT AMERICA MEANS TO ME My senses perceive hope and belief that fered much. Despoiled by World War I, America! It's bnly a small word, but a word things will always get better in America. To th~ people of Lithuania were able to rally that my life centers around. Our country is me, she ls trust in God, facing day With a together and demand from their former "home" to me. Anything that I have ex­ renewed surge of strength. German oppressors the right to conduct perienced ls "America.." America is my birthplace, my home, my a congress for the purposes of establish­ America ls not made up of Just "baseball, family, my friends, my religion, and wlll ing a free Lithuania. On February 16, hotdogs, or apple pie," nor ls it simply a red, probably be my grave. white, a.nd blue flag rippling in the wind. No, America. It's not just a word. It's not just 1918, this Congress proclaimed an inde­ she ls much more than those symbols. She the flag, or the superbowl, or the band play­ pendent Lithuanian state based on dem­ becomes more a.nd more a. pa.rt of "me" as I ing. My country ls much more than those. ocratic principles. live within her boundaries. America. reveals America: it's Me!!! A permanent constitution was adopted herself to me through everything I see, hear, on August 1, 1922. Included in this Con­ or feel. stitution were the freedoms of speech, I see America in a via.st number of varying places a.nd situations. She ls the majestic assembly, religion, and communication. MR. WILLIAM E. PAINE COMMENDED Unfortunately, Lithuania was one of Grand Canyon. I see her on snow-peaked BY CARNEGIE HERO FUND COM­ mountains and in fertile green valleys. the first countries to suffer from the ag­ America. can be scampering rats in city MISSION gression of Nazi Germany and the So­ dumps or sparkling sliver in "Tiffany's." I see viet Union. In the face of an ultimatum America at bustling football games, at HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY and the threat of war with Germany, chaotic family reunions, in crowded shop­ Lithuanians were forced to give up part ping centers, a.nd on television every evening OF OHIO with Walter Cronkite. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oi their state in March of 1939. Soviet America. ls the smile of a parent when his interference quickly followed. On Au­ child has taken his "first" step ! She is the Monday, April 4, 1977 gust 3, 1940, Lithuania was declared a terror-stricken eyes of a five-year-old a.t his Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, I would constituent republic of the Soviet Union. first day of school. Watching teenagers learn like to pay tribute to Mr. William E. Paine I am proud to point out that the U.S. how to drive a stick-shift; noticing the eter­ of 4235 Dobbins Road, Poland, Ohio, upon Government has never recognized the nal twinkle in Grandpa's eye . . . these a.re America. being a warded a bronze medal by the unlawful seizure and occupation of Our country means new Easter dresses, Carnegie Hero Fund Commission for his Lithuania by the Soviet Union. Despite playing Monopoly, horseback rides, prom out.standing act of heroism in rescuing being dominated by the Soviet Union night, and semester tests. America., word of Mr. Walter L. Wilfong from a burning for over 30 years the people of Lithuania opposit~. can be La.s Vegas or Harlem. car. have maintained a spirit of independence America. watches a. tear roll down a child's and a pride in their national heritage. face. She is the middlecla.ss worker, striving On January 14, 1976, Mr. Walter L. to "break even." I see her on the wrinkled Wilfong was involved in a serious auto­ I applaud their courage and resiliency faces of the aged while time crumbles away. mobile accident. Pinned in the front and hope that their goals of freedom and I can "see" America in all things, but I seat of his automobile, Mr. Wilfong at- self-determination will soon be realized. 10330 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 ERA MYTHS Myth No. 2: Under ERA, a husband would H.R. 3869-TO COUNTERACT A CIVIL no longer be obliged to support his wife. SERVICE COMMISSION RULING This, says Phyllis Schlafly, vehement oppo­ nent of ERA, "would take away the most HON. DONALD M. FRASER basic and precious legal right every wife OF MINNESOTA now enjoys." A wife also would have to HON. BALTASAR CORRADA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "provide half the family income," adds OF PUERTO RICO Schlafly. Monday, April 4, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Facts: The ERA would not require any Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, in 1923, mathematically equal contribution to fam­ Monday, April 4, 1977 Alice Paul authored the Equal Rights ily support from hUSband and wife, an anal­ Mr. CORRADA. Mr. Speaker, on Feb­ Amendment. She recently cel,ebrated her ysis of ERA in the Yale Law Journal of ruary 23, 1977, I introduced H.R. 3869 92d birthday. April 1971 states. in order to counteract a discriminatory Instead, the decision would be based on In 1972, the Congress finally passed such matters as the current resources of ruling by the Civil Service Commission. the Equal Rights Amendment. Thirty­ husband and wife, their earning power, tlie The ruling reduces the cost of living al­ five States have now ratified the ERA. non-monetary contribution each makes to lowance-COLA-granted to Federal Three of these, Nebraska, Tennessee, the family. employees who have access to a commis­ and Idaho, have voted to rescind their If one of the couple was a wage-earner sary or exchange and reside in nonfor­ ratification; but these reversals may not and the other worked in the home, the eign areas outside the continental United successfully withdraw their original wage-earner, regardless of sex, would have States. ratifications. the duty of supporting the other spouse. The proposed legislation would amend Amy, a character in Gary Trudeau's Myth No. 3: The ERA is an anti-male meas­ 5 U.S.C. 5941 0966) by limiting the "Doonesbury," was afraid that it would ure. application of the ruling to civilian Facts: The title of this proposed 27th Federal employees. Military retirees with take 200 years to pass the ERA. Of Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is course, Amy was right. It is now more "Equal Rights for Men and Women." Its 20 years of service in the Armed Forces than 200 years since her comic-strip ap­ purpose, says Mary A. Delsman, in "Every­ and honorably discharged veterans with prenticeship with Paul Revere. We just thing You Need to Know About ERA," (Mer­ 100 percent service connected disability, celebrated our Nation's Bicentennial and anza Press, $4.50 paperback), is to declare their dependents and unmarried widows we have not yet acknowledged that that "women and men have equal legal or widowers are entitled to exchange and women and men must be treated equally standing and that individuals should be commissary privileges. under the law. treated as individuals, not all one way be­ Veterans with 100 percent service con­ cause they are all one sex." nected disability and military retirees ERAmerica, women's groups, Members The ERA allows for legal distinctions be­ of Congress, Presidents, and First Ladies tween the sexes when the subject concerns working for the Federal Government have all attempted to communicate in­ physical or functional differences unique to have access to commissaries and ex­ formation about the purposes of the one sex. And that leads into the next myth, changes because they earned the priv­ ERA to Americans. Despite all these ef­ refuted again and ,again. ilege from service in the U.S. Armed forts, rumors, and misinformation con­ Myth No. 4: According to this absolutely Forces. Now the Civil Service Commission tinue to circulate. silly rumor, there would be no separate has tt:~ned this privilege into a handi­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to insert in bathrooms for men and women and the cap. By limiting the application of the the RECORD an article by Sylvia Porter sexes would not be segregated in living quar­ ruling to civilian Federal employees, the that appeared in the Washington Star ters in dormitories, prisons, etc. law would affect only those who are pres­ Facts: Of course, this is not true. The ERA ently receiving a windfall. on March 30, 1977. Ms. Porter describes deals only with public legal relationships. some of the myths about the ERA that And even in the legal area, sex classifications I have reintroduced the legislation as continue to confuse Americans. She also based on physical or functional differences H.R. 5575 with the cosponsorship of Mr. reiterates some important facts about would continue. HAWKINS, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. ROE, and Mr. the ERA's effects. The article follows: Myth No. 5: Women would be drafted and STEERS. To further explain the existing YOUR MONEY'S WORTH-VICIOUS MYTHS assigned to combat duty. situation I would like to highlight the STALLING ERA Facts: Young women would be subject to following points: (By Sylvia Porter) the draft (if we had a draft) but not be re­ First. The nonforeign areas outside A full five years after the Equal Rights quired to perform military duties for which the continental United States have pre­ Amendment was passed by Congress and they were not qua,lified. Some might be as­ dominantly import-substitution econ­ recommended to the states for ratification, signed to combat duty, many would not be. omies and thus a high cost of living. it still is three states short of becoming a (Nurses have been in combat zones in all our part of our Constitution. Why has so rea­ wars.) Second. Although the existing law sonable a measure been so long delayed? Just as in the past, the single would be theoretically applies to all Federal em­ Because of a deliberately waged cam­ drafted first; childless, married persons, sec­ ployees, it affects only veterans. Taking paign--characterized by scare tactics and ond; and then the situation in each family the existing situation in Puerto Rico as misinformation-to create confusion and would have to be weighed to decide whether an example, only veterans have commis­ misunderstanding. Thus, below are six husband or wife, or neither, or both, wer,e to sary or exchange privileges, civilian Fed­ myths (some really ludicrous) that have be called up . . eral employees do not. been circulated about the ERA, along with Myth No. 6: Upon ratification of ERA, states would be required to validate homo­ Third. A veteran's exchange privileges the facts. are not granted to offset cost of living Myth No. 1: If the ERA is ratified, hus­ sexual marriages. bands will pay Social Security taxes twice, Flacts: Bunk. All that ERA proposes to do increases. They are an earned privilege one on their own earnings and a.gain on the is give males and females equal rights. By derived from service in the U.S. Armed value of their wives' services as homemakers. definition, a marriage is the union of a man Forces. Facts: This is simply not true! Some and a woman. ERA will not change that Fourth. The Commission's ruling is changes in Social Security law would be re­ definition. based upon "access" to an exchange or quired, but they would be in the direction In the above myths lie the reasons legisla­ commissary, not its actual use. The effect of recent Supreme Court decisions, giving tures have voted against ERA despite the at­ is to penalize the veteran regardless husbands and widowers of woman workers titudes of most of a state's residents. It the same rights as female spouses now en­ In North Carolina, a poll showed less than whether he/she uses the facility. fur­ joy. The rumor that ERA would double a 18 percent against ERA but the legislature ther encourages use of the commissary husband's Social Security tax liabil1ty is a defeated the measure. and chills the veteran's freedom of choice vicious lie. In Florida, where ERA will come up for in consumer affairs. There ls great merit in the concept of giv­ legislative action after April 6, polls show 67 Fifth. The term "access" to a commis­ ing a homemaker credit for the work she percent favoring ratification, but the law­ sary refers to the existence of the priv­ does in the home. But it would require makers are being hit by an anti-ERA bar­ ilege rather than the availability of the enactment of a separate law-possibly per­ rage-not valid arguments but fictitious, facility. There are many veterans who m.ltting couples to share 'their family earn­ venomous propagandta, most from out of reside in nonforeign areas outside the ings, just as they now file tax returns. state. continental United States who do not April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10331 have these facilities in the surrounding opportunity to get to the Commissary would would be if they applied them equally areas. The cost and inconvenience of be on a Saturday, I would have to get up at for all. They are notr-they are wrong­ traveling to the exchanges further pe­ 5: 30 A.M. to be one of the first people on line there, would have to spend extra money for and they must be abolished for the good nalizes the veterans. gasoline, seldom have the car on Saturdays of this Nation. Sixth. Exchanges/commissaries do not as my husband uses it on that day, and The Supreme Court may provide us fulfill all the consumer needs of a vet­ would miss my morning at the beauty parlor with the ultimate decision on this mat­ eran. An elimination of the COLA places or an opportunity to do household chores. ter. The Court is expected to rule on a the veteran and his/her family at a dis­ What I am saying is that it is very difficult California case which determined that a tinct disadvantage in the civilian mar­ for me to get to the Commissary and I prefer medical school admissions program was the freshness of the meats and vegetables at ketplace. Pueblo Supermarket. unconstitutional because it specifically Seventh. Elimination of the COLA I have just been informed that my next used race as a criteria in its admissions compounds inflationary conditions for paycheck will be a very small one because policy. I fervently hope that the Supreme veterans in nonforeign areas outside the deductions will be made concerning the Court will uphold the judicial wisdom of continental United States. C.O.L.A. retroactive to December 15, 1976." the California court, and strike out Mr. Speaker, I am including a letter quotas once and for all. from a constituent which exemplifies one It is especially disturbing to me that a aspect of the ordeal veterans and their man of the caliber and influence of Sec­ families are undergoing because of the QUOTAS TOTALLY UNJUSTIFIABLE retary Califano, would take such a posi­ Civil Service Commission ruling: tion. He must be aware that qualified DEAR MR. CoRRADA: I am employed by the HON. MARIO BIAGGI members of minority groups have been U.S. Postal Service at the General Post Office OF NEW YORK denied opportunities because of the in Hato Rey, I have been a career Civil Serv­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quota system. He must be aware of the ice employee with the Federal Government deeply rooted polarization which quotas for the past 24 years. Monday, April 4, 1977 In 1974, I married a veteran who had been have created in this Nation. My basic in the U.S. Army for 21 years. As a Federal Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the recent question to Secretary Califano is, why the employee, I always received the cost-of-living statement by Health, Education, and necessity to take this position? allowance whenever one was in effect. How­ Welfare Secretary, Joseph Califano, en­ I have long been opposed to quotas and ever, I recently learned that I was going to dorsing quotas as a means of implement­ will continue to oppose them in my ca­ lose my cost-of-living allowance solely due ing affirmative action programs in em­ pacity as a member of the House Educa­ to the fact that because I am married to a tion and Labor Committee. The immo­ veteran (by the way, he is a disabled vet­ ployment and education, have left many eran), and because as the wife of a veteran in this Nation with a sense of bitter dis­ rality and unjust nature of this system who served honorable for 21 years, I have an appointment. His position, in my estima­ transcends whatever mythical benefits 1.D. card which entitles me to buy in the PX tion, is without any foundation and rep­ they are supposed to provide. Where dis­ and the Commissary. This means I am about resents an insensitivity to the thousands crimination exists, we should prosecute to lose 7 .5 % of my salary. in this country who have endured gross the offenders to the fullest extent of the What I wish to emphasize in this letter is discrimination at'the hands of quotas. In law. If all the resources required for the fact that I am going to lose the COLA effect, Secretary Califano condones the gathering records to support affirmative within the next few weeks which means I shall lose a large amount of my salary. I have establishment of reverse discrimination action programs were applied to anti­ considerable loans and other expenses to pay and this, in reality, is far worse than the discrimination actions, justice would be and am, in a sense, the head of the house, as discrimination which affirmative action ~wift, all-encompassing, and e:ffective­ far as expenses are concerned. programs were designed to correct. I do the best deterrent to further discrimina­ I believe it is terribly unfair that I must not believe that this is the Secretary's tion. Let us return to a system in which lose the COLA just because I married a vet­ contemplation. equality, justice, and merit prevail. This eran. It is especially unfair since my husband One opponent of Secretary Califano's is what the American people want, and is a disabled veteran and can't even hold a job because of his illnesses, is not entitled to position is Prof. Sidney Hook of New this is what the American people deserve. unemployment insurance because he is dis­ York University, who wrote a lengthy I now offer Professor Hook's article, abled, does not qualify for disability retire­ article denouncing the Secretary's point which appeared in the New York Daily ment from the Veterans Administration be­ of view. Professor Hook refers to racial News on March 27, 1977, for the consider­ cause he didn't work in the Federal Govern­ and sexual quotas as "illegal and im­ ation of my colleagues: ment for 5 years or more, and cannot collect moral." He states as his main premise, RACIAL AND SEXUAL QUOTAS: THEY'RE NOT Social Security, either. that the only way to ameliorate the dis­ 0NL Y ILLEGAL; THEY'RE IMMORAL I am only a PS-5 at the Post Office with no crimination of the past, is to apply a prospects for a higher grade, thus, my salary (By Sidney Hook) is not considered a high one. single and fair standard for all. This The least one can expect from a Cabinet In view of the aforementioned facts, I rather simple proposal has been totally official sworn to uphold the law is that he would sincerely appreciate it if you would emasculated by the present system and not urge citizens to violate the constitutional please do whatever you can to see that veter­ as a result, we have unfair standards law of the land. But in his endorsement of ans and their wives do not lose the cost-of­ being applied to only a select few. illegal racial and sexual discrimination, HEW living allowance. Professor Hook substantiates his argu­ Secretary Joseph Califano has done pre­ I believe a person who has served in the ment by citing the example set by pro­ cisely that. He has called for support of ra­ Armed Forces of the U.S. for over 20 years fessional sports in overcoming their pre­ cial and sexual quotas and policies of prefer­ deserves to have PX privileges and Commis­ ential employment and admission outlawed sary privileges and still retain his cost-of­ vious discrimination problems. In the by the equal-protection clause of the Con­ living allowance if he is a Federal employee. professor's own words: stitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In a case such as mine, don't you agree In no field was racial discrimination so A quota system is not only legally wrong; that it is cruel for my cost-of-living allow­ rampant as in professional sports until it is morally wrong. It smacks of the notori­ ance to be taken away from me? Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier. To­ ous "numerus clausus" system of reaction­ Your opinion regarding this matter and day we do not set quotas in sports or en­ ary European states that barred minorities any efforts you make towards helping people gage in reverse discrimination to undo the from posts for which they were qualified. such as myself will be genuinely appreciated. past. We select the best qualified players, re­ What made past discrimination against wo­ Sincerely, gardless of their race or national origin. Who men and minorities wrong was a failure to DOROTHY NEWBY, worries a.bout proper numerical representa­ consider them on the basis of their individ­ Calle Domingo Delgado HW-18, Septima tion? The same is true in music and the arts. ual qualifications, the judgment of them not Secci6n, Levittown Lakes, Catano, Why should it be any different in other fields on their merit but on membership in a Puerto Rico 00632. if we operate with a single relevant standard group or class over which they had no con­ NOTE.-! wish to add that only on two oc­ for all? trol. In the name of equality and justice, casions have I ever used the Commissary as I Califano is proposing new forms of inequali­ was very displeased with the quality of meat The Constitution of the United States ty and injustice. I purchased there as well as the fact that it provides for "equality" under the law for The only way to counteract past and pres­ was very high-priced compared to Pueblo all. It does not provide for preferential ent racial and sexual discrimination is by Supermarket. My husband and I do not drink treatment to allow some to achieve equal­ applying a single fair standard to all, and liquor and I don't smoke so I am not inter­ ity-it means equality for all. The only not by reverse discrimination that unfairly ested in liquor or cigarettes. Since my only way one could possibly justify quotas punishes some individuals today for the 10332 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 evils of previous generations. Those evils educational programs at every level. Let us liberty to ourselves and our posterity." It flowed precisely from the same immoral prin­ have open enrollment and universal access is appropriate and necessary to examine the ciple that Mr. Califano now endorses-judg­ to post-secondary education, provided we do budgets of previous years and the proposed ing persons not by their specific capacities not dilute and abandon standards and lapse budget for Fiscal Year 1978 to determine but by their color or sex. into a dead, dull sea of mediocrity. whether federal spending reflects the his­ Mr. Califano asks: Where shall I get first­ Excellence in any field has no color, merit torical. purposes of our nation in view of our class black doctors, lawyers, scientists with­ no sex, truth no national character. country's current needs. It is possible to out a quota system? The answer is-by (NOTE.-Sidney Hook is emeritus professor make choices, to structure the federal budget strengthening our elementary and secondary of philosophy at New York University and without incurring additional deficits, so that school education, and dropping all discrimi­ a senior research fellow at the Hoover In­ the human needs of our country can be met. nation; then an adequate supply of first-class stitution, Stanford University.) The major problems facing our country blacks will appear. Quotas are not needed for today are economic. High rates of unemploy­ this. ment and inflation, increasing numbers of Here is some evidence. In no field was ra­ people officially defined as "poor," malnutri­ cial discrimination so rampant as in pro­ WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE tion, substandard housing, inadequate fessional sports until Jackie Robinson broke health care, decaying cities, the growing the color barrier. Today we do not set quotas FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM needs of the elderly and of small farmers­ in sports or engage in reverse discrimination SPEAKS OUT ON BUDGET PRIORI­ these are the problems that concern most to undo the discrimination of the past. We TIES Americans now. These are the problems, far select the best qualified players, regardless more than any external threat, that must of their race or religion or national origin. be dealt with at this time in our history. Who worries about proper numerical rep­ HON. JOSHUA EILBERG How you, members of Congress, deal with resentation? The same ls true in music and OF PENNSYLVANIA these problems will determine the course of the arts. Why should it be any different in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES history for many years to come. You must other fields if we operate with a single rele­ make a careful appraisal of what our nation vant standard for all? Monday, April 4, 1977 should spend on the various segments of our It may be necessary in certain areas to Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, the Wom­ national life and that appraisal must be con­ offer remedial programs and economic aid to en's International League for Peace and ducted in like of realistic assumptions about all persons whose education and social back­ the economy. ground have left them disadvantaged. But Freedom has presented some important The Women's International League for once they have overcome these handicaps, testimony to the House Committee on Peace and Freedom has serious reservations they must be selected on the basis of the the Budget, outlining its views on the about the economic assumptions on which same criteria of competence as we apply to­ priorities it feels we should establish in the revised budget for Fiscal Year 1978 is day in professional sports, music and the Federal spending in the coming fiscal based. While the full impact of the severe arts. year. winter just passed has yet t.o be assessed and Those who, like Mr. Califano, urge a quota For more than 60 years, the league­ while no one can predict how long the system and preferential hiring are sacrificing drought in the West will last or with what the civil-service principle, our most effective which was founded by that great Ameri­ economic implications, most economists bar to corruption and all forms of invidious can social worker, Jane Addams, and agree that there will be a significant de­ discrimination. He agrees that color, sex and which is headquartered in Philadelphia, pressing impact on the growth of the econ­ national origin have nothing to do with what Pa.-has acted as a conscience for Amer­ omy this year, with an increase in the antici­ makes a person a first-class athlete or artist. ica. The league's testimony, presented by pated rate of inflation. The Eggert Report Why, then, does he call for a quota system Naomi Marcus, president of the U.S. sec­ prediction on unemployment is quite dis­ for physicians, lawyers, administrators and couraging-that there is doubt that the job­ tion, is in keeping with the league's his­ less rate for the year will average less than scientists? Here his own unwitting racism toric commitment to improving the qual­ and sexism are disclosed. He and those who 7.3 percent. think like him fear, as I do not, that mem­ ity of life in our Nation. The need for economic stimulus is evident. bers of minorities and women will not make Because there is so much wisdom con­ It is the belief of the League that the most the grade. He believes, as I do not, that re­ tained in Mrs. Marcus' testimony, I effective way to stimulate the economy is gardless of all remedial programs, members commend it to my colleagues in the Con­ to provide jobs-and thus purchasing pow­ of minorities and women need the special gress. The full text of the statement by er-for those who are presently unemployed. crutch of protective favoritism. His own We do not believe that the "trickle-down" the Women's International League for through tax reductions and rebates can do racism and sexism are apparent in his Peace and Freedom follows: patronizing assumption that equal opportu­ the job. We note that in 1975, 80 percent of nity is not enough, that when all invidious TESTIMONY FOR THE HOUSE BUDGET the rebates went into savings. Therefore, we discriminations are outlawed, blacks, women COMMITTEE, MARCH 2, 1977 were disappointed by the formula for eco­ and other minorities cannot make it on their The Women's International League for nomic stimulus for 1977 and 19'78 as pro­ own. Peace and Freedom was founded in 1915. It posed by the Administration. For Fiscal 1977, The great promise of the American tradi­ works primarily through education and rebates, changes in standard deductions and tion is that each person is entitled to be citizen action to achieve peace, freedom, and business tax incentives account for $13.8 bil­ judged on his merits alone in any fair race justice by nonviolent means. The League has lion of the $15.7 billion proposed-allowing or in any honest evaluation for a position. sections in 23 countries and 120 branches in only $1.9 billion t.otal for public service em­ That tradition was betrayed by the racists the United States. It has consultative status ployment, expanded training and youth pro­ and sexists of the past. It is being betrayed B at the United Nations. We are grateful to grams, accelerated public works, and in­ today by the .partisans of a quota system who the House Budget Committee for giving us creased countercyclical revenue sharing. For would root human rights not in the individ­ this opportunity to express our point of view, Fiscal 1978. the proposed s1)ending is altered ual person but in race, sex or national origin. and congratulate the Committee for the ex­ considerably. with $8.1 billion going into To adopt Mr. Califano's quota system cellent job it is doing in handling the Third changes in the standard deduction and busi­ would be psychologically demoralizing. Self­ Budget Resolution. ness tax incentives and $7.1 billion going respecting members of minorities and women The budget of the government of the into employment, public works, and revenue would resent the imputation generated by United States is probably the single most im­ sharing. We are aware that Congress is now the quota system that they owe their posi­ portant factor in determining the economic in the process of legislating changes in the tions not to their capacities but to reverse and social health and growth of our nation. Fiscal 1977 portion of the stimulus program discrimination. The amount to be spent on federal services, and urge that Congress in its wisdom give To adopt Mr. Califano's quota system subsidies, grants, and other programs, the careful consideration to revising the formu­ amount to be collected by taxation of in­ las for 1978 so that more money will go di­ would be to plunge our nation into turmoil. rectly into job programs. Estimates of how If we abandon our present approach which dividuals and businesses, the amount to be borrowed to cover any deficit, are vital deci­ many jobs would be created by the Adminis­ is blind to color, deaf to religious dogma, tration proposal vary widely. Secretary of indifferent to sex or national origin where sions. They necessarily reflect how the Ad­ only merit should count, we intensify en­ ministration and the Congress view the cur­ Labor F . Ray Marshall has predicted that rent state of the economy, and the relative the program, during its two year course, demic racial and national conflicts. The could place in :tobs or training ( directly or struggle for "proper quotas" among different importance to be attached to the needs of indirectlv) 2,000,000 Americans who would groups, all vying to increase their quotas, the nation. otherwise be out of work, while others pre­ will generate tensions that in time may burst It is appropriate, as our nation enters dict substantially smaller figures. with explosive force. our pluralist society the third century of its existence, to remind The Women's Jnternational League for will become a permanently polarized society. ourselves of our Constitutional goals to Peace and Freedom is greatly concerned Instead of a quota system, let us aim for "form a more perfect Union, estrublish jus­ about the impact of unemployment. under­ full employment and a guaranteed family in­ tice, insure the domestic tranquility, pro­ employment, and inflation on the lives of our come. Instead of reverse discrimination, let vide for the common defense, promote the fellow citizens. Bureau of Census figures re­ us build a learning society with remedial general welfare, and secure the blessings of leased in September, 1975, showed that the April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10333 number of Americans living below the poverty 17th in infant mortality, and 20th in life ment figure in the budget for Fiscal Year line ha.d risen in 1975 by 2.5 million, the larg­ ·expectancy. 1978 (budget authority) is $32.2 billion­ est increase since the government began In housing, according to the Bureau of up $11.3 billion, or about 50%, from the ac­ keeping poverty statistics in 1959. The num­ Census Annual Housing Survey: 1974, the tual budget authority figure for 1976. Even ber of people defined as poor was 25.9 mil­ United States has 3,062,000 houses la.eking adjusted for inflation, that is a tremendous lion, or 12.3 %, with long spells of unem­ some or all plumbing and 3,438,000 addi­ increase. We should like to state emphat­ ployment responsible for 42 % of the 1975 in­ tional homes that are overcrowded. Nor is ically that spending that a.mount of money crease. Census Bureau figures Just released this entirely an urban problem: a.bout % on mil1tary procurement Just doesn't make show that inflation hits low and moderate in­ of the homes lacking adequate plumbing are economic sense; that it is, in fact, counter come families hardest. While inflation in 1975 in non-metropolitan areas. Furthermore, ac­ to slowing the rate of inflation and cutting was 7 % , income increases for families in the cording to the 1974 survey, 5,925,000 home back on the number of unemployed. Military bottom fifth of the income scale averaged owners and 9,666,000 renters were spending production does not aid in the formation of only 4.3 % over the previous year, while in­ more than 25% of their income for housing. productive capital; the weapons produced come for families in the top fifth increased an The Women's International League for have no further impact on the economy in average of 6% . Peace and Freedom favors a complete re­ terms of genera.ting demand for additional ECONOMIC IMPACT ON WOMEN AND MINORITY vision of food programs, welfare programs, products or services. M111tary production is GROUPS and a.id for dependent children, with fairly highly capital intensive, not labor intensive Economic problems have special impact on uniform, nationwide payments and fund­ a.nd so produces far fewer Jobs per billio~ women and minority groups. Women are en­ ing principally by the federal government. dollars spent than does spending in the ci­ tering the job market in unprecedented The purpose of such a program must be to vilian segment of the economy. Military numbers, a.nd now comprise 40.7 % of the assure a decent level of income maintenance spending leads to instability in the economy labor force. Twenty-three percent of them are for all. Elimination of the wasted costs of as contracts are terminated or shifted from single; 19 % are divorced or separated; 29% administering the present patchwork sys­ one locality or contractor to another. And are married to men whose incomes are less tem would go a long way toward providing cost overruns, lack of competitive bidding than $10,000 a year. The Census Bureau in expanded services and a.id to the recipients. and government subsidies make military 1976 reported that about 1 out of 7 famllies The Women's International League for production expensive, while the demand it in the United States is headed by a woman; Peace and Freedom recognizes that some of generates for s~arce resources, including en­ yet unemployment among women since 1970 the needed social programs a.re expensive, ergy, is inflationary. has run about 1.5% higher than the unem­ and at the same time our organization takes Larger military spending does not guar­ ployment rate among men and median in­ a dim view of large federal deficits. How­ antee greater national security. In fact, the comes in 1974 for women were $6,772 and ever, we feel that funds can be reallocated constant introduction of new weapons sys­ $11,835 for men. The amount of hidden un­ to finance major increases in human needs tems which change the arms balance is a en;tployment among women cannot be ac­ programs. One of the two major sources of destabilizing factor which in itself poses curately gauged, but a tight Job market and such funds is in the military budget. The a threat to our national security. Wouldn't a paucity of day care centers limits the op­ other is through tax reform. it provide us with more security if we de­ tions for women. In 1976, the seasonally ad­ MILITARY SPENDING voted our resources and talents, which are justed figures for August showed national enormous, to fulfilling the dreams of the The national defense function constitutes American Revolution? Surely if we can dem­ unemployment at 7.9 % , but unemployment about one quarter of the total budget. How­ among black females and other female mi­ onstrate a greater degree of social and eco­ ever, this category has a much larger impact nomic justice within a framework of political norities at 12.3%, and black teenagers at on budgetary decision making than this 40.2 %. and cultural freedom, our standing as a. na­ figure would indicate. The bulk of federal tion in the world will improve. Tackling the problems created by poverty spending is relatively uncontrollable under and near-poverty is going to be a monu­ The Women's International League for present law, as shown on pages 90 and 91 Peace and Freedom is a.ware of the argument, mental and expensive task, but the longer we of the 1978 Budget Revisions: February, delay the harder it will become. An extensive ma.de by some, that cutting defense expendi­ 1977. Relatively uncontrollable outlays to­ tures would have an adverse effect on our public Jobs program will help considerably tal $335.4 billion out of the Carter Adminis­ to revitalize the economy and to lift some economy. This argument is usually based on tration's proposed budget of $459.4 billion. the assumption that the long depression of of the poor and near-poor out of their misery. $71.4 billion, or well over half, of the rela­ But we must face the fact that long neglect the 1930s was unrelieved and unrelievable tively controllable outlays come in the na­ until the U.S. went into high gear to produce of the social problems of our country has tional defense function. Thus, it is clear created a whole generation of young people arm,a.ments for World War n. But the fact that we must look very carefully at military is that an equal amount of money put into whose development has been impaired by lack spending if we wish to release significant of adequate diet or education or training. any form of production would have produced funds to meet urgent demands without in­ similar results. Furthermore an a.I1alysis of About a year ago, a team of scientists esti­ creasing the federal deficit. mated that more than one million American the economic impact of the large and abrupt infants and young children have either suf­ The controls on mllitary personnel costs defense spending cutbacks after the second fered brain damage or risk it because of mal­ which the Carter Administration has indi­ world war and after the Korean conflict re­ nutrition. When the poor cannot afford to cated it plans to institute may eventually veals that the economy was capable of ad­ feed their children, the young a.re doomed release a few billion dollars annually for justing itself rapidly with much smaller un­ to remain in the poverty cycle. At the other other uses. But to release substantial funds employment rates than had been predicted. end of the life cycle, consider the fact that in the near term will require challenging What is necessary in order to ease the tran­ one out of every ten Americans is age 65 or some of the basic assumptions of military sition period from a military oriented econ­ over, and that one-third of the urban elderly planners. omy to a civilian oriented economy is gov­ live on incomes below the official poverty Is it reasonable, for example, to assume ernment planning and government funding level. that our strategic nuclear forces need the for the transition period. With such planning We cannot accurately estimate the number capability of destroying ha.If the opponent's and funding, it is probable that a healthier of hungry or malnourished people in our industry and one fourth of its population economy would be produced with a stronger country today, nor can we put a. price tag on after the United States has absorbed a well­ economic base than before the cuts. what it would cost to provide an adequate designed first strike? Would a rational op­ TAX REFORM income maintenance program. But neither ponent risk anything close to that level of The second major source of funds to meet ca.n we put a price tag on the lost potential destruction? And could an irrational oppo­ human needs is tax reform. While we recog­ and productivity of people trapped in the nent be effectively deterred from instituting nize that it is impossible to compute revenue poverty cycle, nor on the cost of human an insane military attack by any level of losses attributable to provisions of the fed­ misery. nuclear capability? eral tax laws which allow a special exclusion, The Women's International League for The strategic nuclear triad (bombers, exemption, or deduction from gross income Peace and Freedom believes that it is time land-based ICBMs, submarine-based ICBMs) or which provide a special credit, a prefer­ to institute a federally funded comprehen­ is not engraved on tablets of stone. A pru­ ential rate of tax, or a deferral of tax liabil­ sive health ca.re program. Although federal dent planner, concerned about shifting and ity ( definition of "tax expenditures" in the funding for heal th care has been going up preserving resources, might feel it was a re­ Congressional Budget Act) , it is clear that over the years, so has the cost of medical dundancy we cannot afford. Nor must it be the sums a.re substantial. If one adds up care. By 1970, elderly people were already assumed that every weapons system is prob­ the tax expenditure estimates in the Ford paying more out of their own pockets for ably nearing obsolescence by the time it Administration's proposed budget for 1978, medical services than they did before Medi­ is well into production. One reason the So­ one gets a total of $112.7 billion. care went into effect, a.nd the situation The budgetary impact of a reduction in viets, with a much smaller Gross Na.tiona.l revenue is Just as real a.nd as limiting to grows worse each year. Among all nations in Product than we have, is able to compete in other budget options as the impact of a direct the world, the United States now ranks the arms race is that they replace weapons budgetary expenditure. However, it is less 10th in public expenditures per capita. on systems much less frequently than we do. visible and is not subject to the appropria­ health care, 17th in population per physi­ The Women's International League for tions process. In genera.I, the Women's In­ cian, 29th in population per hospital bed, Peace and Freedom notes that the procure- ternational League for Peace and Freedom 10334 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 would favor the elimination of tax expendi­ tion. Furthermore, military spending contrib­ 1. The candidates might concentrate on tures, and would prefer the use of normal utes to inflation-indeed, one of the causes amassing large popular votes in populous budgetary means to achieve public policy of the present inflation is the high percentage areas and write-off less populous areas; objectives. Tax expenditures go dispropor­ of national spending that goes into military 2. The popular vote would decrease aware­ tionately to the affluent. Clearly those with production; another is the result of the huge ness of concerns of electoral entities and de­ a very limited income have minimal capacity military spending that took place during the crease the impact of third parties, which to take advantage of tax exemptions, deduc­ Vietnam War without compensating tax in­ are the breeding grounds for creative prog­ tions and exclusions, 231h % of tax expendi­ creases during that period. ress and the last spokesmen for preserva­ tures* go directly to corporations. Even tax We would point out that 75% of our pop­ tion of particular traditional values; exceptions which at first glance seem de­ ulation lives in urban areas, and that these 3. The system could deteriorate into ty­ signed to achieve worthy ends are skewed in areas are particularly in need of additional ranny of the majority, fostering an en­ favor of the wealthy. Home ownership, for federal funding for social services and in­ trenched elite concerned with maintaining example, is a laudable objective. But deduc­ come maintenance programs. the status quo and requiring overthrow of tions for mortgage interest and property · Vital decisions have to be made. Should the government to bring it down. taxes provide great savings for the wealthy spending on national defense consume one I also object to the concept of apportion­ who would own their own homes anyway, but quarter of the national budget and well over ing electoral votes according to the popular generally fail to allow the poorest to own half of controllable federal outlays? Or votes in states. In our increasingly mobile their own homes. should funds be transferred to take care of society geographical boundaries are becom­ We hope that President Carter's tax reform pressing human needs-to provide jobs and ing less and less viable as people identify proposals, which are not reflected in his pro­ homes and education and training and health more and more with groups that transcend posed budget revisions, will be comprehen­ care and mass transport? We suggest that geographical divisions. Also, like a national sive. Sweeping tax reform could generate tens it is imperative that our nation start now popular vote, this method would lessen of billions of dollars in additional revenue. to strengthen the economy and to break identification of the particular concerns Some of this might be foregone by lowering the poverty cycle in which too many of our of identifiable groups. tax rates, but we feel the major portion citizens are now trapped. There is an imme­ The Declaration of Independence declares should be retained for use in human needs diate need to redirect our dollars and ma­ that the purpose of government is "to se­ programs which are discussed elsewhere in ternal and human resources toward improv­ cure these rights" of the individual includ­ our testimony. At least in the initial stages ing the quality of life in our nation. ing the individual's part in determining the of tax reform, certain exclusions from gross We urge the House Budget Committee in "consent of the governed." Of the major re­ income, such as unemployment benefits and considering the budget for fiscal year 1978 form methods proposed, I feel that election public assistance payments, which princi­ to begin to make the necessary transfers that of electors by Congressional Districts with pally benefit the poor might be retained'. will benefit all the people of our nation. We two electoral votes going to the candidate While we -are aware that it may be too urge the transfer of $15 to $20 billion in the fiscal year 1978 budget from military spend­ winning the popular vote in· the state is the optimistic to expect that comprehensive tax wisest proposal for reform. ing to spending for human needs. reform will be enacted in rtime to have a Most certainly, reform of the Electoral major impact on the FY 1978 budget, we hope the Committee will seriously consider College is long overdue; however, I also including some revenue gain from tax reform think ·we should avoid blind worship of un­ in its proposals. col'lditioned majority rule. SOME THOUGHTS ON THE Respectfully, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ELECTORAL COLLEGE BLANCHE ZIMMERMAN. In the view of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the federal Now, Mr. Speaker, I call my colleague's budget both reflects and determines national HON. STEPHEN L. NEAL attention to the lead editorial in the priorities. We believe that choices can and OF NORTH CAROLINA February 8 edition of the Washington should be made in view of the nation's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Star. It addresses several additional economic and social needs and its goals, and points which the Congress and the pub­ that a national debate on priorities should Monday, April 4, 1977 lic should consider carefully as the Na­ be instituted. We recognize that the House Budget Committee, as it moves toward pres­ Mr. NEAL. Mr. $peaker, there has tion debates the future of the electoral entation of the First Concurrent Resolution, been a great deal of talk recently about college. will make major recommendations that will the need for changes in the electoral We need to insure that a popularly affect our national life for many years to college system of electing our President elected President not be denied the office. come. and Vice President. I would certainly But we must be diligent in protecting the We have examined the budget for fiscal agree that some reform is necessary. rights of all our citizens, and careful not year 1978 and the budget revisions, and feel However, in spite of what I see as the to destroy the delicate balance that has that additional funding is needed for job pro­ grams and social services and that less is need for reform, I would urge that we preserved our constitutional democracy needed for national defense. We believe that proceed carefully in this area. I am no and made it the most successful form of cuts in military spending and tax reform expert on the electoral college-and I government in the history of mankind. can provide much of the needed revenue for certainly do not have all the answers­ Therefore, I commend the following human needs programs, without significantly but I am aware of the fact that there editorial to my colleagues as they,· too, increasing the proposed deficit. We do not are many considerations which may not ponder the complexities of the electoral believe that our nation needs or can afford come readily to mind during discussions college issue. the redundancy of the strategic nuclear triad, [From the Washington Star, Feb. 8, 1977] and we believe that other savings in the on abolishing the present system and national defense function are desirable and electing our national leaders by direct ANTI-FEDERALIST THINKING possible. We further note thalt many econ­ popular vote. The American Bar Association shares Sen. omists are convinced that a transition from A good friend of mine, Blanche Zim­ Birch Bayh's dim view of the electoral college a military-based economy to a civilian­ merman of Winston-Salem, N.C., re­ ·and boasts that it has favored what abolition­ oriented one can take place with a minimum cently shared with me her thoughts on ists are pleased to call "reform" of that ven­ of social and economic disruption, provided this important issue. Blanche is a very erable institution for at least a decade. that federal funding is available to aid knowledgeable person, and' I know she With Senator Bayh, the ABA is pushing for industry and workers during the transition a direct popular election of the president and period, and that the resulting economy would gave this issue a great deal of thought vice president on the "one man, one vote" be healthier than the present one. before coming to the conclusions she principle. Unemployment is the major problem fac­ stated in a letter to me. I believe her This is a plausible, but risky, alternative to ing our nation today. A shift from defense comments will be of interest to my col· the electoral college. But in last week's ap­ spending to civilian spending could go a long leagues, and I would like to share them. pearance before Senator Bayh's Senate con­ way toward easing it. Bureau of Labor Sta­ Her letter follows: stitutional amendments subcommittee, two tistics figures in "Structure of the U.S. Econ­ DEAR STEVE: Since our last Presidential ABA officials offered arguments that seem to omy in 1980 and 1985" indicate that direct election reminded us again of what could us debatable indeed. and indirect jobs produced for $1 billion in happen in the electoral vote, I am concerned The ABA officials rest their case against final demand are 75,710 in defense contrasted about whether or not Congress will consider the electoral college not on the federalist with 112,363 in personal consumption, electoral reform in this session. spirit of the Constitution itself but on the 100,072 in construction, 92,071 in transporta­ distinctly anti-federalist spirit of recent Su­ tion, 138,939 in health, and 187,299 in educa- I understand that the most popular pro­ posal for reform is a decision by simple popu­ preme Court decisions in reapportionment lar majority. This concerns me because I cases. *As defined by the Congressional Budget see in this method the possibility of three "We believe," said President Justin Stan­ Act--see preceding page. undesirable results: ley, "that there is no valid reason why the April 4, 19 77' EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10335 concept of one person, one vote should not HUMAN LIFE AMENDMENT BOEING-VERTOL LIGHT AIRBORNE be applied to the election of the highest offi­ MULTI-PURPOSE SYSTEMS cers in our land." Pursuing the same line of argument, Mr. John D. Feerick, who is chair­ HON. JAMES ABDNOR man of the ABA's special committee on elec­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA HON. ROBERT W. EDGAR tion reform, declared: "To paraphrase an OF PENNSYLVANIA early 1960 decision of the United States Su­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTAT{VES preme Court, the thrust of political equality Monday, April 4, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the Declaration of Independence to Monday, April 4, 1977 Lincoln's Gettysburg address, to the 15th, Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, the Legis­ 17th, 24th and 25th Amendments is that of lature of the State of South Dakota has Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, the Navy one man one vote." This "thrust," he con­ joined a growing list of jurisdictions call­ is presently in the process of reviewing tended, should be embodied in the way we ing for a convention to consider a pro­ bids for a U.S. Navy helicopter called elect presidents and vice presidents. posed human life amendment to the U.S. LAMPS, for light airborne multi-pur­ Several rather obvious comments are in­ vited by t hese remarks. Constitution. Passage of the resolution pose systems. One of the proposals un­ In the first place, legislators, whether state demonstrated a broad base of bipartisan der review is by the Boeing-Vertol Co. or federal, have a !unction rather easily support indicating that in South Dakota in my congressional district. At their distinguishable from that of a president or there is a very strong belief that abor­ February meeting, the Aerospace Con­ vice preSlident. Legislators and congressmen tion is one of our grave national concerns ference of the United Automobile, Aero­ are, aft er all, representatives. A President is which will have to be faced and resolved space & Agricultural Implement Work­ more than thE..t. He is a.n official-the only in a manner which will provide protec­ ers of America-UAW-approved a one, it is sometimes said-with a truly na­ resolution supporting the proposal of tional constituency, and "one man, one vote" tion to the real victims of abortion-un­ is not the only vaild principle on which that born children. Boeing-Vertol, in light of the company's constituency should rest. The resolution originated in the South record of expertise and achievement, Under the electoral college system, which Dakota House of Representatives where and in light of its recent economic dif­ counts votes by states, it is all but inconceiv­ it passed 59 to 10. It passed the South ficulties. Those of us who are concerned able that a president could be chosen with­ Dakota Senate 34 to 1 and was concurred about the well-being of Boeing-Vertol out the substantial electoral vote of at least in by the House with a vote of 51 to O. and about the need to bring economic two sections of the country or scattered elec­ The text of the resolution is as follows: recovery to the Delaware County area toral support in all sections. Under the pop­ in which it is located appreciate this ular vote plan supported by the ABA and H.J. RES. 503 Senator Bayh, that need not be true. By A Joint resolution, making application to gesture by the UAW. I would like to rolling up heavy popular majorities in a few the Congress of the United States to call a share the UAW resolution with my col­ populous states a president could be elected convention for the purpose of proposing a leagues, Mr. Speaker. The resolution with only the slightest "national" con­ human life amendment to the Constitution follows: stituency. One's view of whether this would of the United States tn accordance with ar­ BOEING VERTOL LIGHT AmBORNE MULTIPUR­ be a desirable change depends, of course, on ticle V of said Constitution. POSE SYSTEMS one's view of the federal system-we recog­ Whereas, millions of abortions have been Employment in the Boeing Vertol Com­ nize that the states are regarded as mere performed in the United States since the pan..v. whose employes are represented by nuisances in some quarters. As we have ob­ abortion decision of the Supreme Court of the UAW, has declined from a peak of 15,- served before, the electoral college is neither January 22, 1973; and 400 in 1968 to the present low of 4300. With more nor less defensible than the federal Whereas, the Congress of the United States the long decline in military orders for heli­ system, of which it is a keystone. has not to date proposed, subject to rati­ copters and most recently the loss of the If there is, in Mr. Stanley's words, "no valld fication, a human life amendment to the Army UTTAS contract, the biggest helicop­ reason" why "the concept of one person, one Constitution of the United States; and ter award in 20 years, came the precipitous vote should not be applied" in the election of Whereas, in the event of such congres­ loss of Jobs to Vertol workers. Any further a president, there ds by the same token "no losses seriously threaten the job security of valid reason" why some states should have sional inaction, article V of the Constitution of the United States grants to the states the remaining Vertol workers. more representation in the Senate, in pro­ Over the years Vertol workers have portion to their population, than others. No right to initiate constitutional change by ap­ plications from the Legislatures of two­ demonstrated great ability in successfully reason, that is, except for the Constitution fulfilling many major programs. This was and the political values embodied in it. thirds of the several states to the Congress, calling for a constitutional convention; and demonstrated in military programs requir­ That brings us to what Mr. Feerick salid. ing superior technology and reliability dur­ Paraphrasing a dictum of Justice William o. Whereas, the Congress of the United States ing the Korean War and the Vietnam hos­ Douglas in the Gray v. Sanders reapportion­ ls required by the Constitution to call such tilities. ment case, he invokes, again, "the thrust of a convention upon the receipt of applica­ Many of the Vertol workers have spent political equality." Of Justice Douglas' orig­ tions from the Legislatures of two-thirds of the majority of their worklife with this inal observation, dnterestingly, the late Alex­ the several states: be it resolved, by the company. They now find that in many in­ ander Bickel observed that it was "notable House of Representatives of the State of stances their skills are not being fully for its reference to documents not commonly South Dakota, the Senate concurring there­ utilized. taken 'aS having legal effect, and to the ex­ in: With regard to the thousands who still tra.legal significance of provisions that do That the Legislature of the state of South remain on layoff from Vertol, they a.re acute­ have strictly legal, but circumscribed, Dakota does hereby make application to the ly aware of the fact they are located in .an application." Congress of the United Staes to call a con­ area that has suffered massive layoffs and The Declaration and the Gettsburg Address vention for the sole purpose of proposing an plant closings which has produced a 12 per­ were splendid emboddments of basic Ameri­ cent area unemployment level. can political values, but no more valid as amendment to the Constitution of the United States that would protect the life of The Department of Defense ls present­ guides to constitutional questions or issues of ly in the process of reviewing a proposal for basic institutional practice than any given all human beings, including unborn chil­ dren; be it further a U.S. Navy helicopter called LAMPS (Light speech on the Senate floor. Nor do the con­ Airborne Multi-Purpose Systems). stitutional amendments cited by Justice Resolved, That this application shall con­ The Boeing Vertol Company is commit­ Douglas (to which the ABA has now added stitute a continuing application for such ted to staying in competition for this $700 two more) vitiate the federalist principle. convention pursuant to article V of the Con­ mllllon helicopter contract with the finest Thus the ABA attaches overriding priority stitution of the United States until the Leg­ design of which it is capable. Sikorsky Air­ to one, but only one, of the basic values of islatures of two-thirds of the states shall craft Company, which received the UTTAS the constitutional system-poUtical equality. have made like applications and such con­ award, and the Westland Helicopter Com­ Other values of great historic lmportance­ pany (located in Yeovil, England) are also the protection of minority views, the vention shall have been called by the Con­ gress of the United States; be it further being considered. It is expected that a deci­ rights and prerogatives of the states, geo­ sion on this award will be made within the Resolved, That certified copies of this res­ graphical balance, the checking 'and balanc­ next few months. olution be presented to the President of the ing of the popular will by anti-majoritarian ' . It is'imperative to Vertol workers that the institutions like the Supreme Court or the Senate of the United States, the Speaker o! Boeing model be selected as the U.S. Navy's presidential veto--deserve at least equal con- the House of Representatives of the United helicopter of the future. sideration. Indeed, a powerful rhetorical case States, the Clerk of the House of Represent­ The selection of the Boeing Vertol Heli­ can be made against the electoral college atives of the United States, and to each Mem­ copter would mean jobs and job protection by emphasizing one value and ignoring the ber of the Congress from this state attesting for thousands of Vertol workers. Since Boe­ others. But the case reaches no farther than the adoption of this joint resolution by the ing ls in a. position to dedicate itself to the the rhetoric, and that is not very far. Legislature of the state of South Dakota. LAMPS contract exclusively, award of the CXXIII-651-Part 9 10336 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 contract to Vertol would assure the Depart­ government, and temporarily relax Fed­ acting in the best interest of the health ment of Defense of a second contract with eral clean air standards for use of alter­ and nutrition of many millions of Ameri­ viable competitive helicopter technology nate fuels. can consumers. and production ca.pab111ty. Therefore the Vertol workers a.re asking I believe the energy problems facing the 18th UAW Aerospace Conference to go our Nation will be solved much more by on record in requesting the Department of incentives than penalties. This bill is Defense to award the LAMPS contract to aimed at providing some of those incen­ GEORGE BALL TALKS COMMON­ Boeing Vertol. tives. Any of my colleagues wishing to SENSE ON MIDDLE EAST join me in sponsoring this bill are urged to contact me. HON. DAVID R. OBEY THE COAL CONVERSION OF WISCONSIN INCENTIVES ACT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SACCHARIN-A CONSUMER ISSUE Monday, April 4, 1977 HON. JOHN P. MURTHA Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, nothing OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. JAMES G. MARTIN makes one so susceptible to being mis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NORTH CAROLINA understood as saying anything which in­ Monday, April 4, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dicates that one is trying to deal with Monday, April 4, 1977 reality in the Middle East. We cannot Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, I will soon off er constructive assistance in bringing introduce the Coal Conversion Incen­ Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, the re­ peace to the Middle East if we approach tives Act. This bill is designed to in­ sponse to the Food and Drug Adminis­ the world like the board of directors of crease domestic use of coal, and reduce tration's proposal to ban saccharin has · an optimist club. We must face hard re­ U.S. r·eliance on natural gas and foreign been phenomenal. My office has received alities and help our friends do the same. oil. close to 6,000 letters on the subject. Many George Ball has written an important The bill provides for the following: who write plead with Congress to stop piece which does just that. I am inserting First. A first year tax writeoff of 35 the ban because of a health problem or it in the RECORD at this point and I com­ percent on expenditures for pollution because of dietary conditions. mend it to my colleagues: abatement equipment and construction The saccharin controversy clearly [From the Washington Post, Apr. 3, 1977) required to facilitate the use of coal; presents Congress with the necessity for How To SAVE ISRAEL IN SPITE OF Second. Permanent extension of FEA amending the food additives law which HERSELF power to mandate powerplant conver­ forced the FDA move to ban saccharin. (By George W. Ball) sion from natural gas and petroleum­ Saccharin is the first clear case where Most Americans approach t he problems of fired boilers; the absolute zero tolerance standard of the Middle East with a pro-Israeli bis.s­ Third. Require any new-and to the Federal law requires a substance to be and rightly so. The desire of a dispersed extent practicable existing-electric removed from the market, even though people for a homeland cannot helo but enlist powerplant boilers and major industrial its benefits to the general public clearly the sympathy even of those with no Jewish boilers which use fossil fuels to be ca­ exceed any remote risk. Saccharin also roots; nor can any sensitive m.an or woman pable of using coal as their primary fuel; has the distinction of being slated for a fail to be moved by the countless tales of Fourth. Currently the United States ban based on consideration of less valid valor and self-sacrifice in the years both pre­ ceding and following the creation of Israel. is in an inferior position with other in­ evidence when far better evidence-tests Set against the grim background of the Holo­ dustrialized nations in regard to the in­ on monkeys and public health statistics caust, the sto•ry of Israel is a continuing vestment tax credit. I have included a 1- on human illness as opposed to tests on chronicle of grit and enterprise. year extension of the 12-percent invest­ rats-show that normal use of saccharin Not only must Americans admire Israel; ment tax credit. In order to further en­ poses no risk to the public health. there can be no doubt that we have an courage the conversion to coal, my bill Yet the law requires that the best interest in, and special responsibility for, provides a 1-year, 20-percent investment medical evidence and any consideration that valiant nation. So the question is no tax credit for existing electric power­ longer whether the United States should con­ of health and nutritional benefits be dis­ tribute to assuring Israel's survival and pros­ plants and major industrial installations regarded. perity, but rather how we Americans can for the express purpose of investment in In general, medical, scientific, and nu­ best fulfill our responsib1lities to Israel to coal conversion construction and equip­ tritional experts recommend a change in ourselves and to other nations whose well­ ment investment; and the law to allow reasonable judgment of being could be endangered by further con- Fifth. Small industries and nonindus­ all the evidence of risk as well as the flict. · tries will be offered incentives in the public benefits. By expending substantial effort and politi­ form of low interest rate loans for the cal capital, we can probably overcome the Increasingly, it is recognized that obes­ technical impediments to a reconvened Ge­ purchase and installation of coal fuel­ ity predisposes humans not only to dia­ neva Conference, principa lly t he question of fired boilers. This section will apply only betes and heart illness, but also to can­ representation for the Palestine Liberation to .those existing small industries and cer. Accordingly, whether saccharin is Organization. Thus, by sometime next fall, nonindustrial facilities now using petro­ regarded by some as essential and by Arabs and Israelis will presumably sit down leum or natural gas. others as a convenience, there is no ques­ around a green baize table or t ables. This Nation lacks a complete energy tion but that it helps millions of Ameri­ Yet, unless we are prepared to a.ct more policy. Two parts of my bill are aimed can consumers to maintain their dietary incisively than in the past, that conference at promoting that policy. Part 1 requires will be the prelude to disaster. Neither side discipline. It is thus an important part of has altered its formal positions in any sig­ the President to present by October 15 the preventive medicine regimen of those of each year an annual energy plan. The nificant way. The Arab n ations still demand who need to control their weight. It is that Israel withdraw from all territory oc­ President would list the available energy also of similar importance to elderly in­ cupied since the 1967 war, while refusing supplies for the coming winter; provide valids and those who already have dia­ unequivocal assurances of full recognition evidence from independent Government betes and heart illness. of Israel. Israeli leaders, on their part, in­ audits of energy supplies; announce con­ sist that their security requires the reten­ tingency plans for meeting energy short­ This effort to save saccharin as a gen­ tion of substantial areas of their post-1967 ages during the coming year, and outline eral purpose-as opposed to a more terrttories. Government plans for promoting energy expensive prescription item-nonnutri­ The critical significance of this stalemate stability. tive sweetener is not a case of producers cannot be overemphasized; a breakdown of versus consumers. Rather, it poses a con­ the conference would set in motion ominous Part 2 gives the President authority to flict of consumers versus consumer advo­ forces, resulting, first of all, in the radicaliza­ declare an energy emergency and take tion of the Arab front-line states. In Egypt, the following actions: Reallocate scarce cates, at least those consumer advocates who insist upon the zero tolerances · in President Sadat has staked his political fu­ energy resources to those regions most ture on the belief that the Unite.ct States in need; require cutbacks in energy use the law. Those who would ban saccharin holds the key to peace and is prepared to in industrial facilities; allocate energy on the basis of a disregard for its bene­ turn it. In Syria, President Assad's policies resources to seasonal industries; restrict fits and the best evidence of safety are of m cdera tion will be critic.ally undermined business hours of schools, business, and in the position of preventing FDA from if Geneva fails. April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10337 And even Saudi Arabia, though currently them to yield with cries of outrage under ,flow of cash gifts and bond purchases from the most effective force for Arab reasonable­ relentless outside pressure. American private citizens. ness, will, in the event of renewed warfare, I am not proposing at all that the United That Israel today is far more dependent be compelled by the dynamics of Arab poli­ States lay down arbitrary terms of peace. on United States help than in 1958 is shown tics to impose an oil embargo. Indeed, if the Rather, we must insist that both sides carry by the fact that her gross national product Geneva Conference disintegrates, it may even out the United Nations Security Council is only slightly larger than her budget. Last feel forced to use its oil weapon before hos­ Resolution 242 of 1967, (affirmed in 1973 by year, our public sector a.id alone amounted to tilities begin. Resolution 338), which so far neither side $2.34 billion, which means more than $600 So we dare not regard the projected has been willing to do. for every man, woman and child in Israel. A Geneva Conference as merely another episode similar amount is in view for the current fis­ in the long-playing Middle East movie serial. To make progress possible, we must trans­ late the principles embodied in that resolu­ cal year, so that our contributions to a coun­ If it ends With a whimper, it Will be followed try of 3.2 million people will again be a very by a bang. The leaders of the front-line Arab tion into a comprehensive plan of settle­ ment. That plan should establish as a firm high percentage of our total foreign aid ex­ states Will concentrate on building fighting penditures. Rarely before have so Inany done forces to attack Israel as soon as they can precondition that Israel's neighbors explic­ approach military parity. Faced with that itly recognize her as a Jewish sovereign state so much for so few. Yet the aid should not prospect, the beleaguered Israelis may well and that they commit themselves unequiv­ be begrudged if it works for the long-range jump off first. ocally to respect freedom of navigation in interest of the Israeli people. However it begins, another Arab-Israeli war the waterways of the area for Israeli ships Thus, the national decision Americans will be far more destructive than any in the as well as cargoes, permit free movement of must make is not whether we should try to past. Because both sides now possess surface­ peoples and trade and take other specified "impose" an unpalatable peace on the Is­ to-surface missiles, cities and civilian popu­ measures to assure full political, economic raeli people, but, rather, how much longer lations will almost certainly be targets, while and cultural intercourse. They must accept we should continue to assist Israel to main­ the prospect for superpower involvement will arrangements through leasehold or otherwise tain policies that impede progress toward be much greater than in earlier conflicts. to provide Israel control over access to the peace, with all the dangers war holds not Yet, although the relatively impotent gov­ Gulf of Aqaba by the maintenance of an only for Israel but for the United States and ernments in the key Arab countries and in adequate garrison at Sharm el Sheikh, ac­ other countries. Put another way, how much Israel can never by themselves devise a com­ cept the demilitarization of the Golan longer should we go on subsidming a stale­ promise solution, the conventional wisdom Heights and agree to the injection of neutral mate that is manifestly dangerous for all still rejects any suggestion that the United forces into that area arid into other appro­ concerned? States should lay out proposed terms of a priate buffer zones under conditions where The unhappy dilemma of Israel is that, so settlement. Instead-we are told-the parties they cannot be withdrawn without agree­ long as she refuses to relinquish the terri­ must be left to find their way by palaver to ment on both sides. To mitigate Israeli torial gains from her 1967 conquest and thus some common meeting ground near the cen­ apprehensions of a West Bank Palestinian prevents possible progress toward peace, she ter of a no-man's land studded With land state, the front-line Arab states should com­ must continue as a ward of the United mines of hatred, religion, vested interests mit themselves to discourage acts of violence States. Already economically overstretched, and rigid doctrines of military necessity, in or terrorism against Israel. Some formal Israel could not maintain anything like her bland disregard of the fact that the condi­ link of Palestine to Jordan, as recently present level of military capability Without tions essential to an effective negotiation do proposed by President Sadat, might go far the continued infusion of something ap­ not exist. to assure a responsible government. proaching $2 billion a year from the Amer­ First, there is no unanimous desire for The principal powers supporting the pro­ ican treasury, to say nothing of the vast peace on either side. Although weakened by posal-the United States, Great Britain, amounts provided by the generosity of the events in Lebanon, the Rejection Front-­ American Jewish community under Amer­ which totally rejects the concept of Israel's France and, one may hope, the Soviet Union-would guarantee the inviolability of ican laws and regulations that facilitate such right to exist--remains an influence in Arab contributions. Even with that huge subsidy, politics, while in Israel some politicians still the boundaries as finally determined. In addition, we should seek agreement with the it is doubtful she can long continue as a wish to avoid any negotiation in the wistful garrison state. With 38 per cent of her GNP hope that Israel can hang on permanently other guaranteeing powers to limit the flow of arms to both sides. committed to defense-equivalent to a U.S. to the territories seized in 1967. defense budget of $560 bi11ion-with infla­ Second, neither the Israelis nor their Arab What chance does the United States have tion running at 35 per cent, with the inter­ neighbors believe that their side can gain as of persuading the Arab leaders to accept est rate on bank loans ranging between 25 much as the other side by a major conces­ such commitments? There is accumulating and 35 per cent, and with very nearly the sion. Lacking even a minuscule quantum of evidence that Yasser Arafat, and such ele­ world's highest tax rates, her economy slowed mutual trust, each side views its own conces­ ments of the PLO as he can control, are mov­ to an annual real growth rate of only 1 per sions in the narrow focus of the other's gains. ing toward the acceptance of a partitioned cent a year in 1975 and 3 per cent last year, Third, the governments on both sides are Palestine and, as the price for the return while in 1976 her balance of trade deficit politically too insecure to be able to offer the of the West Bank, would agree to recognize amounted to more than $3 billion. concessions requisite to a solution. the sovereignty of Israel within her pre- Finally-and most important--the posi­ 1967 borders. Beleagured Israel is no longer the land of Moreover, the current leaders of Saudi bright promise it was a few years ago; last tions of the parties are so far apart that they year not only did her emigration exceed im­ can never, by themselves, find their way to a Arabia, as well as of Syria and Egypt, des­ perately need a settlement to escape radi­ mh6ration but, in spite of strenuous efforts to compromise in the context of a total settle­ encourage new immigrants, 60 per cent of ment. calization and the increase of Soviet influ­ For her own security, Israel can accept ence in the area, as· well as the high cost the Jews permitted to leave the Soviet Union nothing less than an unequivocal Arab com­ of maintaining Arab military might in an for Israel chose not to go there but moved mitment to peace and full recognition, to­ environment of hostiUty. Since the Saudis by way of Vienna to such Western countries gether with adequate safeguards; yet, in view will be the principal source of financing for as the United States, Canada, and France. of the primacy of the issue in Arab polltics, a Palestinian state, they should be able to Despite these foreboding developments, leaders of the key Arab nations can give no exercise considerate discipline over whatever however, many still passionately contend such commitment Without the assurance of regime administers that state and to re­ that America should not undertake to turn an Israell withdrawal from the territories strict the development of its mmtary ca­ Resolution 242 into a full-fledged plan of set­ taken in 1967. pab111ty. tlement, since only the Israelis are compe­ tent to decide what they need for their own WITHDRAWAL FOR RECOGNITION PRESSING THE ISRAELIS security and we have no right to interpose Thus, to bring about a settlement, the But if it we are to persuade the Arabs to our own judgment. Yet that assumes that missing preconditions to negotiation must accept these commitments, we must insist the Arab-Israeli conflict involves the initer­ either be provided or rendered unnecessary categorically that Israel withdraw from the ests of only the direct participants whereas, -and this can be accomplished only by an territories occupied in 1967-subject to the if a war with sophisticated weapons should assertive United States diplomacy. This negotiation of minor border rectifications. erupt in the Middle East the dangers for means that our government must advise the We must preserve the principle that there America and for world peace and prosperity more moderate Arab states--Saudl Arabia, can be no territorial aggrandizement by would be appalling. Syria., Egypt and Jordan-that it will use its force, as President Eisenhower made clear leverage in the search for peace but not un­ in 1956. Faced, in the aftermath of the Suez Let us suppose that Israel's arms should less those states make clear their acceptance affair, with the Israeli refusal to Withdraw prevatl and an Israeli column were moving of Israel's sovereignty. At the same time, from the Sinai territories in defiance of the on Damascus. Would the Soviet Union once Israel must be ma.de to understand that a U.N. Security Council resolution of Feb. 16, a.gain accept the humiliation involved in the continua.nee of the present stalemate is more 1957, he responded with clarity and prompt­ defeat of its clients and aga.f.p write off" ex­ dangerous than the concessions required for ness. If the Israeli government did not com­ pensive armaments it has poured into the peace. Finally, America must play the in­ ply, the United States would not merely sus­ area? Or would lt feel compelled to drop a. dispensable role of relieving the political pend governmental assistance, but would paratroop division or two into Syria? In its leaders on both sides of the need to make also eliminate essential tax credits and take present mood, would the United States re­ politically unpalatable decisions by enabling other administrative action to restrict the spond by force? Merely posing that question 10338 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 would tear our country apart-reawakening of concerns---or, in other words, has forced as well as the intolerable economic burden latent prejudices and creating bitter divi­ her to view the world in short time spans and of maintaining a garrison state, Israel will sions. with severely limited horizons. absent a settlement, almost certainly lose Or, as a possible alternative, assume that America's view of the world and her re­ ground, depsite the fact that, for the mo­ Arab arms were triumphant and Israel was sponsib1lity for world developments are of a ment-but for the moment only-she holds 1n imminent danger of invasion. Would the wholly different order. We must appraise the military superiority due to the inflow of United States use its military might on evolution of the Arab-Israeli dispute in a sophisticated United States weapons. Israel's behalf? Imagine the searing debate world setting, taking account not merely of "SAVING ISRAEL FROM HERSELF" that issue would provoke! Nor can one ignore what certain policies might do for, or to, the possibility that, threatened with de­ Israel in the short run, but also of what con­ Thus, the time is ripe for the United States struction, Israel might use, or at least sequences they might hold for other countries to take a strong hand to save Israel from threaten to use, nuclear weapons. and for the peace amd well-being of the world herself and, in the process, try to prevent a Even if none of these fearsome develop­ as a whole. tragic war that could endanger the econ­ ments occurred, war would still mean cata­ SOVIET SUPPORT? omies of the major non-Communist powers, strophic losses for the non-Communist na­ I have suggested that, prior to the recon­ separate the United States from its allies, tions. Not only would the dynamics of Arab vening of the Geneva Conference, we should precipitate a divisive domestic debate and politics require the oil-producing states to seek quietly to obtain the agreement of our pose a serious danger of a clash with the impose another oil embargo, but this time it Western allies, France and Great Britain, as Soviet Union. would almost certainly be more destructive well as of the Soviet Union, to support a Up to this point, President Carter has not than the last. Nothing could more tragically carefully developed settlement plan. yet fully revealed his Middle East strategy, undermine the solidarity of the West than Although the Soviets cannot by themselves and the time is probably not yet ripe for an embargo applied in a consciously dis­ bring about a solution, they can probably him to do so. But he has, by publicly sug­ criminating fashion. frustrate any settlement. Yet, even though gesting some of the elements of a final set­ the Kremlin voted for Resolutions 242 and tlement, clearly departed from the more FEARS AND NEEDS passive line rigorously pursued by the Ford It is hardly surprising that many Israelis 338 and the proposed plan would merely put flesh on the bare skeleton provided by those administration. What is now to be hoped believe they cannot, under any circum­ is that, as a probable reconvening of the stances trust their Arab neighbors, who, as resolutions, would the Soviet Union go along with an American proposa.J. to bring peace to Geneva Conference approaches, he will de­ they see it, are committed to Israel's de­ velop those views into a full-fledged solution struction. Thus, one can well understand the Middle East? Today there is reason to believe that as an that takes into account the security interests their fear that a West Bank Palestinian state and other legitimate claims of both sides, would menace Israeli security. Yet, that is alternative to the maintenance of tension and turbulence-entailing irksome expendi­ then seek the agreement of the French, Brit­ a circular argument. Irredentism for the ish and Russians-those permanent members Palestinians is a compelling abstraction not tures for arming the Arab countries as well as the danger of a superpower confronta­ of the Security Council that originally ap­ dissimilar to the Jewish desire for a national proved Resolution 242-to unven the terms home. So long as there is no part of old Pal­ tion-the Soviet Union would elect to sup­ port---or, at least, not to sabotage-a peace of a settlement the major powers would col­ estine which Palestinians can call their own lectively support. and to which they can, in principle, return, proposal that accorded with Resolution 242, especially if it were given some recognition To carry through such an initiative, Presi­ so long, in other words, as they are denied deni; Carter must be prepared to overcome the possibility of building their own nation for its peacekeeping role. This is, at least, a reas001able hypothesis given credence by re­ formidable political opposition and to act in that part of old Palestine represented by with the same incisiveness President Eisen­ the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, resent­ cent Soviet statements, and, although some may regard it with skepticism, it has not re­ hower displayed in 1957. That will not be ment, terrorism and excessive rhetoric are easy, for in the years since then Israeli sup­ inevitable. cently been tested. To be sure, America. once tried to make porters have greatly increased their political Unhappily, Israel's relations with the peace by expanding the principles of Resolu­ power in Washington. Arab world are so distorted by history and tion 242 in the so-called Rogers Plan. But Yet such a line of action would be re­ hardship and the deep emotional commit­ those proposals could not have been floated sponsible leadership by a great nation, while ment of her people to what is, at the same at a less auspilcious moment. In April 1969, anything less would be highly dangerous. time, both a nation and a spiritual concept Nasser had launched his War of Attrition; by as to disable many Israelis and their Amer­ October, Israel was heavily bombing Egyptian ican supporters from anything approaching artillery positions, Egyptian casualties had objectivity. As a pro-Israeli friend replied reached high levels, her army's morale had when I recently mentioned the apparent in­ SOUTH CAROLINIAN ELECTED fallen disastrously and over 1 million civil­ TRUCKING ASSOCIATION PRESI­ abiliity of the Jerusalem government to face ians had been evacuated from the Canal the hard realities of its own situation, "Don't cities. Thus, when Secretary of State W111iam DENT you think they are entitled to their para­ P. Rogers launched his plan, the Israeli gov­ noia?" ernment was rapidly escalating the air war, HON. JAMES R. MANN H was not a flippant comment; inste,ad, it feeling in strong position to impose its will reflected the fatalistic acceptance of a pos­ and in no mood to ba.rigain. The Egyptians, OF SOUTH CAROLINA sibly grim evolution of events. When the his­ on the other hand, were smarting at their IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES toric agonies of the J.ewish people and their deteriorating military position and quite un­ Monday, April 4, 1977 understandable yearning for a national home willing to negotiate when their power and are viewed against the background of the prestige were at such a low ebb. Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased Holocaust, can one wonder at the fierce te­ That was eight years ago. Today the Arabs to call to the attention of my colleagues nacity with which they seek to maintain, and have largely regained their self-respect in the fact that Mr. Richard L. Few, presi­ to enlarge, their Israeli homeland, and the the light of their military achievements dur­ dent of Cooper Motor Lines, Greenville, suspicion with which they regard their Arab ing the early days of the October 1973 war. neighbors who, they fear, threaten that very Developments in Lebanon have reduced the S.C., was recently elected president of concep,t? authority of extreme Palestinian elements the Common Carrier Conference-Irregu­ Yet, no matter how much we may sym­ within the PLO. For the moment, there are lar Route. The conference, a major af­ pathize with what my friend calls Israeli responsible leaders in all the key Arab capi­ filiate of the American Trucking Asso­ "paranoia," how far dare we let it deternliine tals, while Saudi Arabia, the central treas­ ciation, represents more than 450 truck­ American policy? How far, in other words, ury for Araby, seems determined to press ing companies throughout the country. should we go in continuing to subsidize a toward peace, although-at least for nego­ Mr. Few brings to the presidency a policy responsive to Israeli compulsions tiating purposes-it may try to hold to which does not accord with the best inter­ Sadat's definition of peace as "a state of broad background of knowledge and ex­ ests-as we see it-either of Israel or the peace" excluding for this generation diplo­ perience in the trucking industry, includ­ United States, but is a threat to world peace? matic relations and trade. ing 22 years of service with Cooper Motor The fact we must reluctantly acknowledge But without a settlement, these favorable Lines. He is a community leader in the is that the national interest of the United conditions will not long prevail, for time is Greenville, S.C. area, where he has given States and of Israel cannot, in the nature of not working on the side of either Israel or generous1ly of his time and talents to pro­ things, be precisely congruent; there will nec­ peace. That the balance of strength will mote worthwhile civic and community essarily be situations in which our policies ultimately shift to the Arabs seems almost endeavors. must diverge from those of the Israeli gov­ inevitable, not merely because there are 100 The conference has chosen well, and ernment if our country is to be true to itself. million Arabs opposed to 2.9 million Jewish Israeli is a power with only regional interests, Israelis, but because Arab financial resources as his Congressman, I am pleased that and the very intensity of her long struggle and economic power have immeasurably in­ his abilities and accomplishments have to survive has produced an excessive preoc­ creased since 1969 and are still expanding. been recognized by his peers in the truck­ cupation with her own quite limited range Thus, because of the "logic of numbers," ing industry. April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10339 NURSES LOSING PATIENCE with a formal letter. More than 90 per cent England, when he was ten years old. At a.n of those endorsed and more than 80 per cent early age, he had ambitions to be a singer; of those to whom the group contributed. were and HON. DONALD M. FRASER elected. Whereas, Engelbert Humperdinck has a. OF MINNESOTA In addition, Fleischhacker ha.s prodded loyal following of fans in the United States schools of nursing to include courses on po­ in whom he inspires a sense of goodwill and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES litical science for the first time in their kindness, his admirers have worked dlli­ Monday, April 4, 1977 curriculum. gently for numerous worthy causes to elimi­ Wha.t the nurses ha.ve finally done is nate disease and have undertaken the sup­ Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, in a recent typical of concerned special interest groups port of a little Korean girl in his name; and King Features syndicated column, Mari­ across the country. "If nobody knows you're Whereas, Engelbert Humperdinck has a anne Means outlined the recent history around," Fleischhacker says, "they won't do long career yet to fulfill and it is natural to of involvement of nurses in national poli­ anything for you." look forward to his future contributions in tics. Long accustomed to domination by She knows the nurses a.re still a da.y late music and toward international goodwill; doctors and other institutional autho:r­ and a. dollar short. The AMA, for instance, now therefore be it ity, the nurses are beginning to be heard is working ha.rd to block a. House measure Resolved by the Senate, That this legisla­ which would allow nurses for the first tive body pay tribute to the achievements through the American Nurses' Associa­ time to be reimbursed for work done without and talents of this remarkable entertainer tion and its political arm, Nurses' Coali­ a. doctor's supervision. The odds a.re the and to welcome Engelbert Humperdinck back tion for Action in Politics-N-CAP. The AMA will succeed. to Michigan; and be it further article which follows relates develop­ But at least such a. bill was introduced for Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be ments that led to the nurses involvement the first time and a hearing was held. As presented to Engelbert Humperdinck as an in last year's election: Fleischhacker says, somebody's beginning to enduring testimony to the high esteem in realize the nurses are around. which he is held by the Michigan Senate and THE NURSES ARE AROUND the people of this State. (By Marianne Means) There a.re one million registered nurses a.nd 450,000 licensed practical nurses in this coun­ RESOLUTION OF TRIBUTE try, a.nd only 380,000 doctors. PROVIDING BETTER HEALTH CARE The doctors, whose a.vera.ge income is ap­ FOR OUR VETERANS proximately $48,000 a. yea.r, ha.ve long been HON. WILLIAM D. FORD the dominant outside factor shaping govern­ ment health policy. The nurses, who ea.rn an OF MICHIGAN HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY a.vera.ge of $9,000 a. yea.r, ha.ve ha.d the least to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CONNECTICUT sa.y of a.ny group of health professionals Monday, April 4, 1977 a.bout government policy, even though nu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES merically they are the largest such group. Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, Monday, April 4, 1977 BIGGER DOLLAR LOBBY the "Blue Engels" in my congressional The disparity sterns not so much from the district, one of the Nation's nearly 90 Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, we have difference in job prestige a.nd education but Engelbert Humperdinck fan clubs, have before us today, four bills which are de­ from the efforts of the American Medical As­ asked me to call the attention of my col­ signed to improve the quality and ap­ sociation, which is one of the most powerful leagues to the 10th anniversary year of plication of health care for our Nation's national lobbying orga.niza.tions. Common this outstanding vocalist. veterans. While I plan to support each of Ca.use has identified the AMA Political Action Engelbert Humperdinck, who in De­ these proposals, I would like to explain Committee as the single largest contributor cember became a permanent resident of my endorsement of one measure which to congressional campaign funding in 1974 I feel is particularly worthwhile and long and again in 1976. Of 1183 political commit­ the United States, is touring the country tees organized la.st yea.r to distribute cam­ this year to mark the 10th anniversary overdue. The bill to which I refer, H.R. paign donations, 46 a.re affiliated with AMA. of his first hit record, "Release Me," in 3695, will increase the funds from which The American Nurses Association (ANA), 1967. State entitlements are drawn for the by contrast, has historically been too timid Each of his fan clubs throughout the construction and renovation of nursing or too naive to get involved in political ac­ Nation are working on individual char­ home and domiciliary facilities. tion. One of the major reasons for this is itable projects in his name. The Blue As you know, Mr. Speaker, existing law tha.t nurses are trained to defer to doctors Engels have made their own personal authorizes financial grants by the Vet­ and other institutional authority; they are erans' Administration to States for re­ not accustomed to demanding anything commitment to the Arthritis Foundation and the Diabetes Association. Other modeling existing State hospitals and themselves (a.s witness their salary level). domiciliary facilities and also for con­ Therein lies a. story. Two yea.rs ago, a group Humperdinck fan clubs have raised of nurses in New York decided they were tired money for such causes as muscular dys­ structing new State nursing homes. The of being ta.ken for granted a.nd appealed to trophy, cerebral palsy, the Foster Parent VA is currently attempting to operate ANA to get busy and raise the political blood Plan, and medical research at St. Jude's both programs under an annual au­ pressure of nurses. However, the ANA ig­ Hospital in Memphis. thorization of $10 million. Unfortunately, nored them, so they set up a. rump organiza­ Three years ago, the Michigan State the present funding level is inadequate tion and attempted to go into politics. Senate adopted a Resolution of Tribute to meet the needs of the many States When the fledgling unit foundered in to this great singer. I insert its wording which have expressed an interest and legal problems, the ANA, finally a.roused, desire to improve this type of care for agreed to ta.ke over. It created the first nurses' at this point in the RECORD, and recom­ mend it to the notice of my colleagues their veteran populations. political action committee, with a $50,000 In Connecticut we are presently en­ budget. Va.I Fleischhacker, a legislative aide here in the House: for Rep. Don Fraser, D-Minn., became its Whereas, The success of Engelbert Hump­ gaged in a struggle to clear the way for director and chief of everything, with a total erdinck in the entertainment field is both the construction of a badly needed vet­ staff of one secretary. remarkable and inspirational for he has rap­ erans nursing home in Fairfield County. The ANA remained somewhat nervous idly ascended to a position where he is re­ While many of the obstacles that stand a.bout the whole idea., but Fleischhacker garded by the public and his peers as one of in the way of construction are "in-state" plunged a.head. In a. year the committee the most talented singers in the record in­ matters, there is no doubt that the ad­ raised $40,000 from nurses in small contribu­ dustry; and ditional $10 million contained in this tions, mostly below $200, and made its po­ Whereas, During the past six years Engel­ legislation will ultimately improve Con­ litical donations in the 1976 congressional bert Humperdinck has been immensely pop­ necticut's chances to obtain the proposed races. Compared to the AMA and more es­ ular all over the world. After his first hit rec­ facility. tablished political action funds, the nurses ord, "Release Me," in 1967, Mr. Humperdinck are stlll a tiny factor. But now at least some broke numerous box office records as he As in most States, the need for nurs­ congressmen and women know they are toured the United States. Such an over­ ing and domiciliary care in Connecticut around. whelming reception to his music gives elo­ is increasing at a dramatic rate. Thou­ CANDIDATES GET ELECTED quent testimony to this ma.n's talent a.nd sands of World War II veterans are ap­ The nurses group, called N-CAP (Nurses charm; and proaching the age when nursing care is a Coalition for Action in Politics) contributed. Whereas, Born in Madras, India., where his necessity. In the not-too-distant future, small amounts to 95 candidates. In addition, father served as an officer in the British Mr. Speaker, these ranks will be filled by they endorsed 189 congressional candidates Army, Mr. Humperdinck moved to Leicester, an even larger number of Korean and 10340 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 Vietnam-era veterans. Therefore, this The alien provision was in the original b111 The very stringent immigration laws that Congress. has an undeniable responsibil­ which was drafted by the Nixon Administra­ we have today are a. result of successful ity to accomodate the needs of these me:11 tion; it was further expanded by Sen. Ed­ stoking of the fires of paranoia. over yellow ward Gurney, Rep., Fla., on the floor of the ( or brown or black) peril just like that who have sacrificed in the defense of thIS senate to provide for needy Cuban political which we've seen on these pages over the Nation. refugees. past few weeks. I am in complete support of this legis­ Indeed, a. principal class of aliens who Let's have an end to it. lation, Mr. Speaker, and will further en­ benefit from this provision today are those Mr. Wright, if you want to help bring about dorse an additional increase of such Vietnamese who fled South Vietnam during some really necessary changes in the SS! funding should the necessity and oppor­ the closing weeks of our occupation there program, we should get together so you can tunity arise. and the Fil!pinos who have recently fled from learn what the government is doing to the the Marcos dictatorship. people rather than what the people are doing These Filipinos are part of a nation which to the government. sacrificed an untold number of its people defending our territory, the Philippine Is­ A DEFENDER OF INSTANT PENSIONS lands, during World War II. I hope the mem­ ory of their courage, and the blood they shed displaying that courage, will endure longer SALUTE TO NEWARK'S EAST SIDE HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK in the pages of history than the hatred gen­ HIGH SCHOOL HOCKEY TEAM OF CALIFORNIA erated by Wright's columns. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The most extreme example of Wright's ir­ responsibility was in his first column where HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. Monday, April 4, 1977 he said: "Some aliens come here just long OF NEW JERSEY Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, for several enough to sign up and then return home IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for months." weeks now. a columnist in the San Fran­ The clear implication of this statement is Monday, April 4, 1977 cisco Bay Area has been doing a series of that the law permits such action. It doesn't. articles on the SSI program and the abil­ Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, it is with The statute specifically provides that when great pride that I wish to bring to the ity of aliens to receive.benefits under that any SS! recipient leaves the country for at program. The issue has turned into a least one full month, payments are to stop attention of my distinguished colleagues running controversy between the colum­ immediately, and they are not resumed until the outstanding achievements of the nist, Guy Wright, and the defenders of the person has returned for at least 30 days. members of the East Side High School the program. Mr. Wright has made a Either Wright was unaware of this provi­ hockey team of Newark, N.J. I wish to number of statements falsely linking the sion and didn't bother to find out, or he was insert the following article from the front concept of the program to Phil Burton, aware and meant that there are dishonest page of the March 26 edition of the New­ aliens leaving the country and not telling ark Star Ledger in the CONGRESSIONAL and which are almost completely false in Social Security. content but devastating in their impact. In that case, the fault lies with the bureauc­ RECORD as I believe it excellently illus­ The mail that I and other bay area racy, not Congress. Certainly, the dishon~st trates the accomplishments of these fine Members have received on this subject recipient is at fault, but that doesn't mean young men: has been hateful and vicious toward the we should destroy the SSI program any more HOCKEY TRIP COMES TRUE FOR STUDENTS than we should abolish columnists or news­ (By J. Gregory Clemens) alien population of this country. I feel papers just because some do sloppy research. that Mr. Wright has stirred up prejudices Any aged, blind or disabled person, alien It was a "dream come true," a dream real­ toward immigrants the likes of which or citizen, who receives less than $296 ized after weeks of hard work raising money, have not been seen since the days of the making endless phone calls and appealing monthly in Social Security, or any other for contributions from the public. "yellow peril." income, and who is not receiving SS!, has But they did it. I would like to place in the RECORD an good reason to complain. But the complaint Newark's East Side High School ice hockey article written in response to Mr. Wright should not be aimed at aliens. They are not team left for Europe yesterday to compete by Ralph Santiago Abascal, the deputy denying them SSI benefits. against four high school teams in Finland In nearly all cases, denial of benefits to an and Sweden. . director of California Rural Legal Assist­ applicant whose income is less than $205 is ance. Mr. Abascal deals with the SSI "We found out we had sufficient funds on based upon the fact the applicant has assets Monday, and we were committed to go," said program on a daily basis from the view­ in excess of the $1 ,500 maximum. coach Stephen Leonardis, before the teen­ point of the recipients, whose voices have SSI is available only to the poorest aged, age athletes departed for the long-awaited been lacking from this debate. I think blind and disabled people, and being "poor" fl.ight to the foreign countries. that Mr. Abascal's article speaks for it­ as Congress has defined it means having a The coach said the team needed approxi­ self in terms of simplicity and accuracy, low income and very few assets. mately $20,000 to make the trip, $11,000 of and I would hope that Mr. Wright pays SS! is available only to the poorest aged, which was raised through a fund-raising blind and disabled people, and being "poor" campaign. The remaining portion was sup­ attention to these words. The article ap­ as Congress has defined it means having a peared in the San Francisco Examiner on plied by the parents of the athletes. low income and very few assets. "I feel it's an experience, and a thrill these March 27, 1977: Such people should have been told by the players will never have again," Leonardis said. A DEFENDER OF INSTANT PENSIONS bureaucracy that they have the option to "I see it as an academic, cultural and athletic (By Ralph Santiago Abascal) spend some of their excess resources, get trip. It holds great value in all of these areas." down to the $1 ,500 limit, and then apply. Speaking in the middle of an array of With in the past month, Guy Wright has Wright should try to rouse the anger of the writ t en several columns regarding the eligi­ suitcases, bags and hockey sticks at the citizenry against Congress by explaining how team's headquarters in Newark, the team of­ bility of permanent resident (not illegal) the $1,500 limit, established in 1971, has had aliens for Supplementary Security Income ficial explained that the 17 ice hockey players its true value depressed from inflation to will play four of the best high school teams benefits for the aged, blind, and disabled. less than $1,000, considering the higher value He has, in doing so, assaulted Congress, in the respective countries. of 1971 dollars. "Our first stop wm be Helsinki (Finland), Phil Burton, aliens and, most importantly, Now there's some real inequity. the truth. While the rabble-rousing nature of where we'll play the number one team there The last point I want to make hits close (tomorrow) and Monday we'll play the his attacks cannot now be undone, the public to h ome. Wright said in his first article that is entitled to know the truth. eighth-ranked team," he said. "aliens collecting those pensions never paid An overnight cruise from Helsinki will take First, and most important, is the fact that any taxes." the hockey players to Stockholm, Sweden, the policy of providing public assistance to My mother and father, as aliens during where they'll compete Wednesday and Thurs­ poor aged, "blind or disabled permanent resi­ their first 40 years in this country, paid a lot day against the third- and 14th-ranked teams dent aliens has been a fundamental part of of taxes. After 40 years, they got up their there, he added. the public policy of California and the United courage to deal with the English literacy "I think we'll be competition for those States for decades. requirement that we impose on all aliens teams and hold our own. We should come Wright obviously has just learned of the before they can become citizens. They suc­ back with a split at least. And I'm sure policy. It reflects how poorly he does his re­ ceeded. Is this what, in Wright's mind, makes we'll win one out of the two games in Fin­ search when he calls it a "precedent shat­ them worthy? land," said the coach. tering" policy. We're all-except native Americans­ He characterized his squad as "one that is secondly, Phil Burton did not introduce aliens. Some of us just arrived sooner than above-average, has good skating, lots of scor­ the bill creating the SS! program. Wilbur others. In fact, those of you who arrived ing power and, most of all, a lot of pride." Mills did, and he did it, moreover, at the re­ earlier did so under much more lenient The East Side hockey team was invited to ·quest of President Nixon. immigrant laws. play abroad by the Finnish and Swedish high April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1J0341 schools, and Flnnair Airlines, an internation­ on his admirable and productive career, reformulated with sugar since it serves as a al competition sponsor, after the squad fin­ and to wish him success in his retirement na.tura.l lncuba.tor for bacteria. ished its season with a 15-6 record. Center Luke Bearfield, 17, who was named activities. His work and dedication have QUESTIONS this year's most valuable player ln Division left their impact on the California Con­ Perhaps the most objective testimony came B, of the New Jersey Scholastic Hockey ference of Machinists and his contribu­ from a panel of five physicians. They doubted League, said, "We expect to come out pretty tions to the labor movement will be long neither the validity of the Canadian experi­ even. I hope to learn a. great deal about how remembered. ments nor the FDA's contention that their they play and vice versa. results could be projected into four cases of "Our attitude and desire for the game will bladder cancer among every 10,000 Americans help us win," he added. who drink just one 12-ounce can of diet scda. Senior team member Sal Bldot, 17, said, per day. But they did question whether the IS THERE A SAFE ALTERNATIVE risks of the sweetener really outweigh its "This is a. once-in-a-lifetime chance. I think TO SACCHARIN? it'll be a heck of an experience." medical benefits. "The potential of dying from obesity and its complications is as seri­ Sophomore and left wing Bobby Kurdes, ous as the potential of dying from bladder 15, agreed. "I'm really excited about the trip, HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST cancer that may be caused by the use of and I hope we win the games. The other (Eu­ OF vmGINIA saccharin," said Dr. Kurt J. Isselba.cher of ropean) teams will be pretty good. Hockey IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Harvard Medical School. "Actually, can­ over there ls like football over here." cer of the bladder is one of the more treat­ Upon their return to New Jersey on April Monday, April 4, 1977 able kinds of cancer." 2, the team will be the guests of a welcome The doctors' prescriptions for dealing with home party in their honor by Ea.st Ward Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, saccharin ranged from restricting its sale to Councilman Henry Martinez. within the past few days two particularly diabetics and overweight patients to allow­ interesting articles on the saccharin ing lt on the open market with a warning Mr. Speaker, I would like to highly question have appeared in national pub­ label, like that on cigarette packages. The commend the East Side High School lications. The first, entitled "Hunting a physicians also proposed that a federally hockey team and wish them great suc­ Safe Sweetener," comes from the April 4, funded panel of experts analyze all data. on cess in their overseas tournaments. 1977, issue of Newsweek, and the second, saccharin's safety. The testimony did little to remove the confusion surrounding the describing the "Incredible Replacement subject. And with no more hearings sched­ for Saccharin," was in the April 5 edition uled, it was unlikely that Congress would of the National Enquirer. resolve the controversy before the ban takes HAL W. SHEAN RETIREMENT I have asked the FDA for a full report DINNER effect this summer. on this information, especially with re­ SEARCHES gard to the grapefruit-peel extract, since One compelling reason why Congress HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON the whole problem of finding a sugar eventually might make the ban less than OF CALIFORNIA substitute can be solved if this substance absolute is the fact that new sweeteners are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is indeed proven to be completely safe. hard to find. Most sugar substitutes, includ­ Pending FDA action on this, I hope that ing saccharin, have been discovered by acci­ Monday, April 4, 1977 the House will continue to consider leg­ dent, because experts know too little about islation to permit the FDA to use a modi­ the mechanism of taste. "The chemical struc­ Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. tures of all known sweetening agents are so Speaker, the California Conference of cum of common sense in applying the diverse that it's alinost impossible to pre­ Machinists will honor grand lodge repre­ Delaney amendment, by giving that dict th.at a chemical structure ls going to sentative, Hal W. Shean, on Friday, agency the kind of leeway that my bill, produce sweetness," says Edward M. Acton, April 15, 1977, in Sacramento, Calif. Mr. H.R. 4994, provides. a chemist at Stanford Research Institute. Shean, a 37-year member of the IAM I am pleased to share these two articles Acton himself has worked on SRI oxime V, with my colleagues: which is synthesized from petrochemicals and AW will be retiring in August of this and is 450 times as sweet as sugar. But test­ year, and I would like to take this op­ HUNTING A SAFE SWEETENER ing and development of the clean-tasting, portunity to commend his service to the Few government actions have soured the no-calorie compound could take up to ten IAM and AW and to bring some of his American people quite as much as the deci­ years. Scientists at the Dyna.pol Co. in Palo accomplishments to the attention of my sion to ban saccharin. Congress has been Alto, Calif., are looking even further into colleagues. deluged with mail. The Food and Drug Ad­ the future. They hope to develop nonab­ ministra tlon, which imposed the ban, has re­ sorbable sweeteners that pass completely un­ His many friends who will be honor­ ceived more phone ca.Us than on any other altered through the body, leaving behind ing him at his retirement dinner recog­ issue in its history. Amid the bitter reaction, nothing more th.an a sweet message on the nize not only the contribution that Hal scientists have stepped up research on a. new tongue. has made to the California Conference sugar substitute. Some new sugar substitutes have already of Machinists but also his national lead­ Last week, the tangled issue was tossed in undergone intermittent public taste testing. ership on behalf of his fellow union the lap of Congress. Testifying before a House Five years ago, the Miralin Co. introduced a subcommittee, manufacturers, legislators derivative of a West African berry that, when members. Hal Shean is presently a mem­ and physicians wrangled over the true sig­ ber of the Labor Committee of the Na­ consumed before a meal, gave sour foods a nificance of the Canadian studies responsible sweet taste. But the FDA, rejecting the com­ tional Safety Conference, and has served for the ban. Fed huge amounts of saccharin­ pany's plea. that it was not strictly a food as the chairman of the National Council e. standard procedure for such experiments­ additive, forced the Mira.Un compound off of Aircraft Unions. He is currently as­ thfrteen out of 200 rats developed bladder the market. Abbott Laboratories is now run­ signed as the international representa­ cancer. Under the 1958 Delaney clause, no ning a. high-pressure campaign for the rein­ tive in charge of safety legislation, substance known to induce cancer in man or statement of cycle.mates, which were banned animals can be used as a food additive. The in 1969. Abbott's argument: the cycle.mates health-apprenticeship, and new tech­ ban takes effect in about three months' time. nology programs in 0alifornia, Arizona, that produced cancers in laboratory rats were Chunky Rep. Barbara. Mikulski, a Mary­ tainted with saccharin. Yet another product New Mexico, Nevada, and Hawaii. land Democrat who claimed to have lost 47 is xylitol. Extracted from birch trees, it is Before becoming grand lodge repre­ pounds on a diet supplemented by low­ sold in some European countries a.s a sweet­ sentative, Hal served as president of calorie sodas, ridiculed the huge dose of sac­ ener for diabetics. Its appeal is limited, how­ lodge 727-I in Burbank and was educa­ charin given to the rats--equivalent to hu­ ever, because it contains just as Ina.ny calo­ tional director for the southwes"; terri­ man consumption of 800 cans of diet soda ries as natural sugar. per day for a lifetime. "People would die of Even the two most promising alternatives tory. He was the national contract coor­ gas before they would die of cancer," she to saccharin are more than a year from com­ dinator for General Dynamics, Douglas, gibed. One manufacturer of an artificial mercial production, largely because of the Lockheed Aircraft, and others and served sweetener called the ban "ludicrous." Accord­ work involved in confirming their absolute as chairman of the Aerospace and Elec­ ing to Robert Kellen, a lobbyist for diet prod­ safety. One of these, aspartame, ls a. com­ tronics Committee of the California ucts, the ban would leave 10 million diabetics pound of two substances found naturally in Conference of Machinists. Hal and his without a sugar-free sweetener. many foods; it tastes exactly like sugar, 1s lovely wife Madeline have three sons, Diabetics aren't the only patients who use 180 times sweeter and leaves no aftertaste. Fred, Bill, and Chris, and five grand­ saccharin. C. Joseph Stetler of the Pharma­ The other compound, known as Neo-DHC, is, ceutical Manufacturers Association pointed ironically, derived from na.ringin, the ma.in children. out that 619 separate medications, ranging bitter component of citrus-fruit rinds. Neo­ I invite my distinguished colleagues to from antibiotics to antacids, now contain the DHC can be produced most easily from join me in congratulating Hal W. Shean sweetener. And some, he said, could not be grapefruit and Seville oranges. 10342 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 RESOLUTION Dr. Arthur Morgan said all experiments IF FDA CARRIES OUT ITS BAN: THESE PRODUCTS Aspartame was actually cleared for mar­ precisely followed the guidelines laid down WILL No LONGER BE ABLE To CONTAIN keting in 1974, but was withdrawn when a by the FDA. SACCHARIN scientist objected that the compound could "We used the substance on animals for Saccharin is found in a wide array of prod­ produce brain lesions. Moreover, questions more than seven years and there was never ucts from diet soft drinks to chewing gum. were raised about the accuracy of the test­ any hint of cancer or any other disease as a Among the products that will no longer to be ing procedures used by G. D. Searle & Co., result of their consumption of the sweetener. able to contain the artificial sweetener if which developed aspartame. Those problems Nor was there any evidence of a sweetener­ the FDA carries out its ban are: related disease in their offspring." now seem likely to be resolved-but not for DRINKS at least eighteen months. Animal studies The research, funded by the USDA, has been completed and the results have been Diet Pepsi. suggest that Neo-DHC, which was developed Sugar Free Dr. Pepper. by Robert Horowitz and Bruno Gent111 of sent to the FDA, said Dr. Morgan. "I see no reason why the FDA should not approve this TAB. the Department of Agriculture, is extraor­ Low Sugar Hawaiian Punch. dinarily safe. Two companies are preparing substance for use by the public as an alter­ nate to saccharin." Many manufacturers of Canada Dry Sugar Free Ginger Ale. to petition for its use in toothpaste, mouth­ Diet Rite Ginger Ale. wash and chewing gum. Its major disadvan­ diet soft drinks are banking on FDA ap­ proval to switch from saccharin to the new Diet Rite Cola. tage is a strong aftertaste, which makes it Sugar Free Sprite. hard to use in diet drinks. substance. "My company is very interested in this Sugar Free Mr. PiBB. One major reason saccharin can't be re­ No-Cal beverages. placed sooner is simply commercial. It costs g.ra.pefruit peel extract-it's a wonderful millions of dollars to develop a new prod­ thing," said David Kirsch, president of No­ Gatorade. Cal Corp., maker& of 17 flavors of sugar-free Schweppes Diet beverages. uct, and the relative safety of the substitute Sugar Free 7 UP. is not established until the final testing drinks under the No-Cal label. "We're very phase. It's an expensive-and long-term-in­ interested in placing orders with manufac­ Sugar Free Diet Vernor's One Calories vestment gamble. Thus, unless Congress un­ turers of this sweetener. All we are waiting for beverage. expectedly agrees to alter the Delaney clause, is FDA approval." Low Calorie Welchade Grape Drink. dieters and diabetics are likely to face a pro­ Said J . Robert Bedell, director of marketing Welch's Sugar Free Sparkling Grape Soda. longed period of life without sweetness. for Canada Dry Corp.: "The grapefruit ex­ Lipton Iced Tea Mix, low calorie. tract is a definite possibility for Canada Dry. Tetley Sugar-Free Iced Tea. LEADING GOVT. RESEARCHERS AND INDUSTRY Each soft drink firm is testing it to see how Nestea Low Calories ice tea mix. EXPERTS REVEAL INCREDIBLE REPLACEMENT it works with their product." Alba 66 hot cocoa mix. FOR SACCHARIN IS READY-IT'S 1,000 TIMES Industry sources told The Enquirer that Alba 77 Fit 'N Frosty low fat drink mix. SWEETER THAN SUGAR AND COMPLETELY CAL­ among those companies that have tested it Knox Grapefruit Drinking Gelatine. ORIE-FREE are the makers of Sugar Free 7-Up, Tab, Diet SWEETENERS (By Maury M. Breecher and Ron Caylor) Fresca, Sugar Free Mr. Pibb and Sugar Free Necta Sweet. An amazing sweetener--one thousand Sprite. Pearson Sakrin. times sweeter than sugar yet totally free of The New Jersey-based Research Organic/ Sweet 10* no-calorie. calories-has passed rigid government tests Inorganic Chemicals Corp. has been manu­ Sucaryl. and could soon replace the controversial sac­ facturing the sweetener for experimental Sugar Twin sugar replacement. charin. purposes under the trade name Sukor for Sweeta. Top researchers and industry experts have seven years said Dr. Paul Pratter, the firm's Sweet 'n Low. revealed to the Enquirer that this sugar sub­ technical director. Superose dietetic. stitute could reach the market as early as "It has been sold to hundreds of food and Sweet Thing. this summer when the Food and Drug Ad­ beverage producers for testing in their prod­ Crysta.Hose. ministration plans to begin its ban on sac­ ucts," he said. "But until the FDA gives per­ Saccharin. charin-an action that will affect millions mission, these companies can't sell the prod­ DESSERTS of diabetics and consumers of diet food, low ucts containing the new substance to the Smucker's Artifically Sweetened Straw­ calorie soft drinks, and certain brands of general public. berry Jam. gum. "It is so sweet that one teaspoon is equal Smucker's Artificially Sweetened Grape "This new sweetener is the answer to the to 70 pounds of cane sugar." Jelly. ban on saccharin," declared Dr. Arthur Mor­ The firm says it has petitioned the FDA to Diet Delight jams and jellies. grun, director of the U.S. Department of Agri­ allow the sweetener on the market. Richard Dia-mel Diet Control Brand jellies, jams, culture's Western Regional Research Center Ronk, director of the Division of Food and preserves and marmalade. Color Additives at the FDA, told The En­ which has been testing the sugar substitute. Tasti-Diet Pancake and Waffle Topping. "It could be used in all foods, drinks and quirer a meeting has been arranged between the FDA and the fl.rm for April 5 to discuss D-Zerta low calorie gelatin. other products which today are sweetened D-Zerta low calorie pudding and pie filling. by saccharin." research data and possible applications for the sweetener. D-Zerta low calorie whipped topping. The USDA has "encouraged and supported Featherweight Gelatin Desserts and Pud- research into this sweetener because it is a "We are ready to go commercial," said the firm's president, Marianne Pratter. "We are ding. very promising substance," said Dr. Michael GUM, COOKIES Pallansch, assistant administrator of the in contact with Coca-Cole, 7 UP, Canada Dry USDA's Agricultural Research Service in and other companies. It can be used in soft CareFree sugarless gum. Washington, D.C. drinks and in any other item that now uses Blammo Bubble gum. "It's sweet and non-caloric and has been saccharin." Trident Sugarless Gum. shown to be safe in animal tests. Its sweet­ If the saccharin ban goes through and Amurol Sugarless Gum. ening agent lingers in the mouth, making it the grapefruit peel-derived sweetener is not Amurol Sugarless Mints. ideal for products like diet drinks and sugar­ approved, the one-calorie diet drink will Amurol Dietetic Wafer Bars. fr.ee chewing gum." vanish from the grocery shelves, warn in­ Harvey's sugarless gum. Added FDA biochemist Dr. Jacqueline Ver­ dustry experts. rett: "This could be an ideal alternative to "Diet Pepsi and similar drinks will be a saccharin. I know of nothing that has no thing of the past," said Paul Rogers, presi­ calories and is as sweet as this. The quickest dent of Amurol Products, Co., producers of O'BRIEN'S COMMONSENSE it could possibly receive FDA approval and sugar-free and low calorie foods. be on the market is three months." "Instead of one-calorie drinks, people will The incredible sweetener, known as neo­ be consuming low calorie drinks that will HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL hesperidin dihydrochalcone, ironically, is de­ contain about 70 calories as opposed to 140 OF ILLINOIS rived from a bitter compound in grapefruit calories for a normal cola drink." (In order to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES peels. The bitter compound, na.ringin, is then qualify as a low calorie drink it must have chemically modified until it becomes an in­ 50 percent or less calories than its sugared Monday, April 4, 1977 .;redibly sweet white powder. counterpart.) Dr. Robert Horowitz, a research chemist, Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, all of the "The ban will affect at least 21 million controversy surrounding the proposed at the USDA's Fruit and Vegetable Chemis­ Americans who buy saccharin-sweetened try Laboratory, discovered the sweetener in drinks," said Bob Lederer, managing editor ban on the artificial sweetener, saccha­ 1961. "But in those years there was no great rin, has brought about a new awareness urgency for a new sugar substitute," he said. of Beverage world. "A percentage are dia­ betics but the majority are weight watchers." of the fact that regulatory agencies fre­ "There ls nothing bitter in its taste. As far quently sing sour notes when regulating as we know, it doesn't cause cancer, it's a According to the American Diabetes Assn., naturally derived substance and it is non­ the removal-of saccharin could seriously af­ our daily lives because they are basing caloric. And it's 1,000 times sweeter than fect many of the 10 million diabetics who are their actions on the directives they re­ sugar." unable to do without a sugar substitute. ceive · from Congress. One of my col- April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10343 leagues from Illinois, Mr. O'BRIEN, along gam~hanges at the expense of other legiti­ ing need for qualified personnel in health with others in this Chamber has focused mate interests also having the right to be care occupations, a program in nursing was new attention on this phenomenon. In heard. developed. The State Board of Nurse Exam­ The reformers have sought to capitalize iners authorized Holy Family the source of the problem­ hunters. Congres.s--and based legislation on that fact. other field. Doubtless the availaibility of late afternoon, evening and summer sessions has In 1958, Congress approved the so-called Mr. Francis' column was printed in Delaney Amendment, which mandates that the April issue of Guns & Ammo. been an important fact.or. Registered Nurses find the time convenient to continue their the FDA ban any food additive found to education. cause cancer in either humans or animals. The FDA is given no options. COLLEGE FOUNDED IN 1954 Tests in Canada produced evidence that HOLY FAMILY COLLEGE, PHILADEL­ Now in its twenty-third year of operation, saccharin causes bladder cancer in rats, PHIA, PA., TO DEDICATE NEW Holy Family College is an independent, fully accredited liberal arts college, founded in hence the FDA action to ban the substance. NURSING EDUCATION BUILDING But the human equivalent of the dosage 1954 by Sisters of the Holy Family Olf Naza­ given the rats in the Canadian tests would APRIL 15, 1977 reth. The College is dedicated to preserving require the consumption of $73,000 in diet the historical character and traditions of soda a year over a 40-year period, after the Catholic liberal arts college. This entails which-as a whimsical O'Brien put it to The HON. JOSHUA EILBERG the development of graduates enriched by a Journal-"8.5 times in 100, you would get a OF PENNSYLVANIA sound cross-disciplinary foundation, having cancer on your bladder, if your bladder re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a major strength in one academic area and sembles that of a Canadian rat." an abiding awareness of the spiritual di­ Monday, April 4, 1977 O'Brien wants to modify the Delaney mensions of their existence. Amendment, which has its good points, to Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, on April Or, to put this in another focus, Sister give the FDA the missing latitude it needs 15, 1977, His Eminence John Cardinal Mary Lillian, CSFN, President of Holy Family to set reasonable standards for additives, College, observed: "Students in this program Krol of Philadelphia will dedicate the are able to draw upon professional theories rather than being forced to require zero new nursing education building at Holy tolerance. and practices which are based upon Chris­ Family College in the Torresdale section tian principles and enriched by the liberal of Philadelphia. arts." Sister Lillian went on to say, "Our in­ stitutional philosophy has always been 'fam­ LEGISLATIVE LEADERSHIP VERSUS In connection with this event, the Northeast Philadelphia Chamber of ily-centered' and the preparation of the COMMON CAUSE competent and compassionate nurse practi­ Commerce published an excell en t article tioner is but a further development of this on this new facility in the March issue of philosophy. In our view, the program re­ HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES the Northeast Business Monthly. I am sponds to a basic need of the human family." pleased to join in paying tribute to those DEGREES IN OTHER AREAS OF FLORIDA who made this new structure possible, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In addition to a B.S.N. in Nursing the and I would like to insert into the CON­ College awards B.A. and B.S. Degrees. Areas Monday, April 4, 1977 GRESSIONAL RECORD at this point the full of concentration are: art, biology, business text of the article: administration, chemistry, child care, eco­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, "Washington nomics, elementary education, English, Report," the column by Lawrence Fran­ HOLY FAMil.Y COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA, PA., To DEDICATE NEW NURSING EDUCATION French, history-social studies, mathematics, cis, contains this interesting comment Bun.DING APRn. 15, 1977 medical technology, nursing, psychology, so­ under the subheading "COMMON ciology and Spanish. Special programs are CAUSE." I submit it for reprinting in At one time it was possible to stand at what available in: early childhood education, li­ today is Frankford and Grant Avenues and brarianship, secondary education, special the RECORD. The contents are not news see the broad Delaware River flowing by on to most of the Congress, but it confirms education, teacher certification and pre­ its way to the sea. You would be standing on medical and pre-legal studies. common suspicions about the policies of the top of a gentle slope and not only would With a student body numbering about this organization. you see the river but you could watch river 1,000 and a student-fa<:ulty ratio of 12 to 1, COMMON CA USE traffic as well. the College offers a unique educational op­ Shortly, students at Holy Family College Headed by John Gardner, a self-styled re­ portunity at a location of great convenience who are participating in a degree program to many. former who held high office under President in nursing will be able to recapture this view Lyndon Johnson, Common Cause is a na­ of the river from the top floor of the new ONLY 4-YEAR CO-ED COLLEGE IN N.E. tional organization with state and local units. Nursing Education Building which is near­ Being the only four-year, co-educational It is one of the more effective grass-roots ing completion at the corner of Grant and college in the northeast section of Philadel­ lobbies because of its articulate, active and Frankford Avenues in the Torresda.le section phia, the enrollment is derived chiefly from committed membership. The group has been of Philadelphia. His Eminence John Cardinal the expanding communities o! the Delaware in the forefront of those working on behalf Krol, Archbishop o! Philadelphia, will dedi­ Valley. This same area has an exceptional of reform in government. Some of its early cate this new f-acility on Friday, April 15, number of laboratories, hospitals and other efforts were laudable. 1977. health care facilities with a continuing need Though still stating the same lofty goals Groundbreaking for this structure occur­ for the qualified professional. and high principles, some of the current ob­ red on November 21, 1975. Harmonizing with Students enrolled in the nursing program, jectives of Common Cause have become very the pleasantly landscaped campus, the build­ conspicuous by their nursing hats and green controversial. Reform, it seems, is like beauty, ing has been oriented to the interior of the and white uniforms, as pa.rt of the academic being in the eye of the beholder and not grounds. At the same time this four-story sequence receive their clinical experiences necessarily universally agreed upon. · structure with an area of 29,312 square feet from a number of community agencies. Major The so-called reforms currently advocated presents its modern brick wall to Frankford agencies currently providing this experience by Common Cause can profoundly affect the Avenue, blending with the College's front include: Nazareth, Jeanes, Parkview, Holy ability of other legitimate interests to fairly lawn. Redeemer and Friends Hospitals, Holy Re­ take part in the governmental processes. The The completion of building represents an deemer Visiting Nurse Agency, Blessed John highly perceptive strategists and lobbyists important stage in the development of the Neumann Nursing Home, Eastern State within Common Cause and a few other orga­ Nursing Education Program that began in School and Hospital, Shriners Hospital for nizations seek to make profound changes in 1971. Following ever-increasing evidence both Crippled Children, and Philadelphia State the rules of the legislative and political of student and public interest in the grow- Hospital. 10344 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 In every instance, the host agencies have of Springfield, Va., Mr. Szarek began his instrumental in providing a solid structure commended the college's nursing candidates public service career in 1952 as a mem­ for the Department of the Navy Budget re­ for the quality of their technical preparation ber of the staff of the Counsel to the quests. as well as their personal enthusiasm. Oftentimes, determinations on uses of ap­ Mrs. Alice Ph111ips, Chairperson of the Comptroller of the Navy. -In 1973, he was propriated funds affect agencies and govern­ Department of Nursing, states: "The faculty appointed Counsel to the Comptroller of ments other than the U.S. Navy. Mr. Szarek and students of the Department of Nursing the Navy and was serving in that posi­ consistently displayed the ability to balance seem to generate an aura of purposeful tion at the time of his death. Over the the qualities of diplomacy and forthrightness accomplishment and professionalism which years, his selfless dedication to the Navy in dealing with representatives of other is immediately apparent. It is an essence earned him the respect and admiration agencies and governments in a manner which that impresses their peer groups on campus of all of those who came across his path. consistently and tactfully upheld the best as well as the community agencies with His superior performance and the high interests of the Department of the Navy and which they interact." standards of professional excellence the U.S. Government. A recent e~ample of $2,000,000 BUILDING which he set reflect credit not only on such qualities arose with respect to the clear­ The new nursing building is neither ing of the Suez Canal. By his diligent and himself and the Department of the Navy, astute efforts, Mr. Szarek assured that in elaborate nor extravagant. The total con­ but they also serve as a beacon to those struction cost is approximately $2,000,000. this complex operation, Navy funding was A Federal Grant of $1,182,610 received from who have chosen Government service as in concert with the directives and regula­ the Department of Health, Education, and a career. tions, and intent of the Congress. Welfare leaves the College with a financial At a time when we are striving to re­ As the Navy's legal expert in contract fi­ responsibility of almost a million dollars. vive public confidence in our Govern­ nancing, Mr. Szarek brought his energy and For a nonprofit institution, this is a major ment institutions and renew the desire talents to the myriad of financial problems responsibility. A community that takes pride of our citizens to enter the public serv­ facing the Navy. He furnished legal, financ­ in Holy Family College will want to share in ing and accounting advice at all levels in ice, I think it appropriate to pay public contra.ct financing matters which a.re of helping underwrite the balance. tribute to his accomplishments, in the The Trustees of Holy Family College are continuing concern to the Navy and the dedicated to raising the necessary funds and trust that they will set an example for Congress. Additionally, his outstanding skills confident that their decision to construct the those who follow in his footsteps. The in this area have been recognized by many new building is sound. The growth of the following summary of Mr. Szarek's ac­ Government organizations. Agencies outside nursing program is greater than ever antici­ complishments has been extracted from DOD frequently request legal advice; for ex­ pated. Yet, to date, classes for students in the documentation accompanying the ample, the Justice Department recently re­ virtually all programs have been held in a Navy's Distinguished Civilian Service quested that Mr. Szarek present the clos­ single academic building, Holy Family Hall. Award which was presented to him in ing arguments on behalf of the United States The need for additional office, classroom and after a lengthy bankruptcy hearing; the case, laboratory space is critical. January of this year: in significant pa.rt, turned on the question of Mr. Szarek served in the Office of Counsel title to inventory under a Government con­ EDUCATIONAL CENTER FOR COMMUNITY to the Comptroller since 1952 and was ap­ tra.ct. The Government prevailed, due in While Holy Family is a church-related in­ pointed Counsel to the Comptroller in the large part to Mr. Szarek's astute efforts. stitution it benefits the entire community. Navy in October 1973 in recognition of his Mr. Szarek's authoritative knowledge of It educates not only nurses qualified by their exceptional capabilities and distinguished all aspects of financial management, comp­ Bachelor of Nursing Degree to act in a super­ service to the Department of the Navy. In trollership, and fiscal law have been recog­ visory capacity in a nursing situation, but this position, he expertly and diligently ap­ nized by various professional associations to assist the physician by performing para­ plied his extensive professional knowledge to and universities seeking lecturers. He has medical procedures. provide superior and invaluable judgments been appointed honorary faculty member of The College is a center of continuing edu­ on complex accounting, budgeting and fiscal the U.S. Army Logistic Management Center, cation for adults seeking their first college matters. The professionalism which Mr. Fort Lee, Virginia. degree and adults returning to the classroom Szarek displayed provided executive leader­ Through crisis situations and extra work, for additional professional education. The ship, and a profound influence on opera­ and in spite of multitudinous demands, Mr. College· also has a well-developed evening tional and special interest programs of the Szarek remained devoted to his responsibil­ program which attracts housewives and sec­ Navy Secretariat, the Chief of Naval Oper~­ ities and focused his energies on contribut­ retaries and others in the general commu­ tions and the Commandant of the Marine ing to Navy fiscal objectives. His superior nity. It is, in short, an educational center Corps. He earned the highest respect of top performance, outstanding judgment, abso­ for Northeast Philadelphia and surrounding officials, his colleagues and subordinates. lute integrity and pervasive professionalism suburbs. It has earned the support it has As Counsel to the Comptroller of the are unexcelled and have had a profound from Philadelphians, both Catholic and non­ Navy, the demands of the position go beyond impact on improving financial management Catholic alike. the interpretation of laws and regulations. within the Department of the Navy. Mr. CHAMBER BOARD MEMBERS SERVE COLLEG'E Frequently, Mr. Szarek was called upon to Szarek's peerless performance has brought Several members of the Board of the provide counsel covering the gamut of orga­ great credit upon himself, the Department Northeast Philadelphia Chamber of Com­ nizational structures, contractual matters as of the Navy and on the Government Service. merce serve on the Board of Advisers of Holy well as legislative and executive department Family College. Francis S. Gregory, member relationships. He was extraordinarily success­ of the Chamber Board, is a member of the ful in providing the percept! ve legal and Board of Trustees of the College. Robert J. managerial guidance that assisted Depart­ THE NEED FOR FULL FUSION McNulty, Sr., former President and Chair­ ment of the Navy top management in ad­ man of the Board of the N.E. Chamber, is dressing the highly intricate and crucial POWER FUNDING Chairman of the College's Board of Advisers. problems which have confronted the Depart­ Among the Directors of the Chamber serving ment on a nearly continual basis. His ana­ J. on Holy Family's Board of Advisers are: An­ lytical approach and concise logic resulted HON. MATTHEW RINALDO thony Mazur and Raymond E. Mullen, Jr. in many effective solutions. Without reserva­ OF NEW JERSEY Former member of the Chamber Board Sal­ tion, Mr. Szarek's sage guidance undoubtedly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vatore S. Calderaro, President of Kingsbury, proscribed possible management problems Inc., also serves as a Board Member of Holy across many spectrums and assisted in the Monday, April 4, 1977 Family College Advisers. avoidance of fiscal pitfalls. Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, on Mr. Szarek was directly involved in the March 30 I urged Mr. FLOWERS, chair­ development of voluminous amounts of legal man of the Subcommittee on Nuclear material in support of the Department o! and Fossil Fuels of the Committee on MR. VLADIMIR J. SZAREK the Navy budgets before the Congress. He personally appeared before Congress to in­ Science and Technology, to support an sure the Navy's position was succinct and increase in the fiscal 1978 authorization HON. HERBERT E. HARRIS II legally precise. In addition to the foregoing, for fusion power research. In my letter OF VIRGINIA Mr. Szarek was frequently called upon with­ to Mr. FLOWERS, I was joined by 18 other in the Navy to actively participate in solu­ Members of Congress. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions to prevailing contractual problems. A similar letter, cosigned by myself Monday, April 4, 1977 His general perspicacity on fiscal matters O transcended all boundaries of accounting, and 1 other Members of Congress, has Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, it was with auditing or budgeting. His depth of knowl­ been sent by Mr. PURSELL to Mr. GIAIMO, deep regret that I learned of the recent edge proved most valuable through the years chairman of the Committee on the death of Mr. Vladimir J. Szarek, a dis­ when difficult situations were encountered. Budget. The text of this letter will ap­ tinguished public servant. A naval avia­ During these especially demanding and aus­ pear in the April 5 RECORD. tor during World War II and a resident tere times, his insight and counsel were Mr. Speaker, these two letters are a April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10345 response to President Carter's cut of We urge you to bear in mind the tremen­ CHILD'S GARDEN OF PERVERSITY $80 million in the fiscal 1978 budget for dous benefits of fusion power if this energy Lollitots magazine is one of the milder fusion power research. This budget cut, source can be ta.med. examples. It features preteen girls showing off which represents a reduction of nearly First, the energy yield from fusion power their genitals in the gynecological style pop­ plants could put all other centralized power ularized by Penthouse and Playboy. Other 25 percent in fusion power funding, could sources to shame; according to one estimate, not have come at a more inappropriate perlodica.ls, with names such a.s Naughty a single large fusion power plant could gen­ Horny Imps, Children-Love and Child Dis­ time. erate electricity for the entire Atlantic Sea­ cipline, portray moppets in· sex acts with Scientists at Los Alamos have recently board. adults or other kids. The films are even succeeded in triggering a controlled fu­ Second, the fuel utilized by fusion power raunchier. An 8-mm movie shows a ten-year­ sion reaction through the use of a car­ plants would be abundant: deuterium, a old girl and her eight-year-old brother in bon dioxide laser; several physicists have form of hydrogen derived from common sea­ fellatio and intercourse. In another film, now reported that this research break­ water. members of a bike gang break into a church Third, the commercial advantages accru­ during a. First Communion service and rape through could lead to commercial fusion ing to the first nation to develop fusion power at a date 10 to 20 years ahead six 11 ttle girls. power plants could be ernomous. These and a. host of other equally shocking of earlier estimates. However, the Presi­ Fourth, fusion power plants would gen­ products are becoming increasingly common dent's budget cut will make it difficult to erate no radioactive wastes and would there­ fare at porn shops and sex-oriented ma.il­ build upon the recent research break­ fore represent an immense improvement over order houses across the nation. They are part through, since the cut will mean the can­ nuclear power plants from a.n environmental of the newest growth area. pushed by the cellation of several pilot fusion power standpoint. booming billion-dollar pornography indus­ In light of the many considerations that try: child porn. plants-some of which are already un­ we have mentioned, we hope that you will der construction. "I just found out a.bout these magazines strongly support an upward revision of the and films this summer, and I've become a It now appears quite likely that the President's recommendations for fusion raving banshee over it," says Dr. Judia.nne full House will be grappling with the power resaerch authorizations. Densen-Gerber, a. Manhattan psychiatrist issue of fusion power funding in the near Cordially, who ha.s been barnstorming a.round the future. Indeed, the issue may come be­ Matthew J. Rinaldo, Clair W. Burgener, country in a crusade against this abuse of fore the House next month during the Edward J. Derwinski, Robert E. Bad­ minors. Her effort is only one pa.rt of a new course of deliberations on the fiscal 1978 ham, Dan Daniel, John J. Duncan, campaign against child porn. New York City David F. Emery, Floyd J. Fithian, Nor­ has cracked down, and police have a.t least budget resolution. man F. Lent, Edward J. Patten, Claude Accordingly, for the benefit of my col­ temporarily forced kiddy-sex periodicals and Pepper, Peter W. Rodino, Jr., Bob films out of the tawdry Times Square area.. leagues, I am inserting the text of my Traxler, Millicent Fenwick, Thomas Some twenty states a.re considering child­ letter to Mr. FLOWERS: N. Kindness, Paul N. McCloskey, Jr., porn laws. Last week the Illinois house of HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Edward W. Pattison, Carl D. Pursell, representatives approved a. bill setting stiff Washington, D.C., March 30, 1977. and Frank Thompson, Jr., Members of penalties for producing a.nd selling child Hon. w ALTER FLOWERS, Congress. porn. The bill is expected to pass the senate Chairman, Subcommittee on Nuclear and and become state law. Fossil Fuels, Committee on Science and Child porn is hardly new, but according to Technology, Rayburn House Office Build­ police in Los Angeles, New York a.nd Chicago, ing, House of Representatives, Washing­ A CHILD'S GARDEN OF PERVERSITY sales began to surge a year or two ago and ton, D.C. a.re still climbing. Years a.go much child DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: As Chairman of the pornography was fake--young-looking women Subcommittee having jurisdiction over Fed­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN dressed as Lollta.s. Now the use of real chil­ eral authorizations for fusion power research, OF CALIFORNIA dren is startlingly common. Cook County you play a. special role in determining the State's Attorney Bernard Carey says porno thrust and pace of fusion power develop­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pictures of children as young as five and six ment. We therefore urge you to support an Monday, April 4, 1977 are now generally available throughout Chi­ increase in fusion power funding levels over cago. Adds Richard Kopeikin, a state's at­ the a.mount that the President has recom­ Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, an article torney investigator: "They are even spread­ mended. appeared in today's Time magazine ing to the suburbs, where they are now con­ If President Carter's budget recommenda­ which relates the spread of the most sidered rare items, delicacies." tions a.re allowed to stand, fusion power re­ vicious and sordid of all pornography: Among recent developments: search funding will fall $80 million below the tlhat which abuses children. Underground sex magazines a.re heavily level recommended by President Ford. This The article related the content of sev­ stressing incest and pedophilia. One current would be a cut in funding of nearly 25%. eral of the most disgusting products of West Coast periodical ran ten pages of photos, Furthermore, the $80 million cut--$60 mil­ cartoons and articles on sex with children. lion from magnetic fusion programs, $20 mil­ the "child-porn" industry. The films In San Francisco hard-core child-porn lion from laser fusion programs-is focused which are being made and sold are shock­ films were shown in a moviehouse for five upon construction expenditures. The prac­ ing. One 8-mm film depicts a 10-year-old weeks before police seized the films last Feb­ tical impact will be a serious delay in the girl and her 8-year-old brother in inter­ ruary. Even San Francisco's Mitchell broth­ development of pilot fusion power plants, course. Another shows a bike gang break­ ers, the national porn-film kings, were out­ some of which are already under construc­ ing into a church during a First Com­ raged. Says Brother Jimmy: "We think ob­ tion. munion service and raping six little girls. scenity laws should start with child porn." Ironically, this massive budget cut has An Episcopal priest, the Rev. Claudius I. been recommended at a time when the pros­ Other examples are equally repulsive. Vermilye Jr., who ran a farm for wayward pects for fusion power have never been more But as the article points out, efforts teens in Winchester, Tenn., is awaiting trial promising. For the first time, scientists at are being made by legislators in several on charges that he staged homosexual orgies Los Alamos have initiated a controlled fusion States and in Congress to ban t1he sex­ with boys on the farm and mailed pictures reaction through the use of a comparatively ually explicit pictures of children, of activities to donors around the country. inexpensive carbon dioxide laser. whether or not they are legally obscene. Until recently, much child porn sold in According to the Washington Post, "A lab­ America. was smuggled in from abroad. Now oratory spokesman called the achievement a. The fine legislation introduced by my most of it appears to be home grown, with breakthrough in fusion reaction that could colleagues from New York and Michigan, the steady stream of bewildered, broke runa­ cut 10 to 20 years from the time needed to Congressmen MURPHY and KILDEE, was ways serving as a ready pool of "acting talent" develop a fusion reactor." According to the singled out as a good example of the for photographers. Pornographers who stalk San Diego Evening Tribune, "Dr. Peter L. various efforts that are being made here children a.t big-city bus stations find many Auer of Cornell University told an American on Capitol Hill to end this odious prac­ vtctims eager to pose for $5 or $10--0r simply Association for the Advancement of Science tice. for a meal and a friendly word. Says Lloyd audience that recent advances indicate a Martin, head of the Los Angeles police de­ practical demonstration of fusion power In the other body, the legislation in­ partment's sexually abused child unit: could come within about five years. Dr. Ed­ troduced by Senator WILLIAM v. ROTH "Sometimes for the price of a.n ice-cream cone ward A. Frieman, associate director of Prince­ should also be noted by the House. a. kid of eight will pose for a. producer. He ton University's Plasma Physics Laboratory, So that those of my colleagues who usually trusts the guy because he's getting agreed." from him what he can't get from his pa.rents- Now is the time to maintain a strong have not yet read this article may be love." In many cases, the porn is a byproduct Federal commitment to fusion power de­ made aware of the extent of this type of of child prostitution. Pimps invite children velopment. It ls not the time to reduce that pornography, I ask that the Time article to parties, photograph them in sex acts, and commitment. be included at this point: circulate the pictures a.s advertisements to 10346 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 men seeking young sex partners. Frequently, read is another matter. Everything published been laid securely by those who have passed the pictures are then sold to porn magazines. ought to be absolutely protected by the before and view a country-not as it is, but Even worse, some parents are volunteering First Amendment." as it potentially can be; who perceive a land their own children to pornographers, or pro­ Despite First Amendment problems, pulblic that, as a lump of clay in the strong hands ducing the sex pictures themselves. Last year pressure for some kind of laws is likely to of its sculptor, has continued to mold a a. Rockford, Ill., social worker was sent to jail grow. Many Americ•ans battling against child Utopia much sought after by those forced for allowing his three foster sons to perform porn view their efforts as a last stand against to live in nations which offer nothing but sex acts befor.e a camera for $150 each. In the tide of pornography. Says California ask everything; where the sculptors of the January, a couple in Security, Colo., was State Senator Newton Russell: "This is a Third Century can and will accept the chal­ charged with selling their twelve-year-old son reflection of the social ,and spiritual morality lenge and responsibility to continue-and for sexual purposes to a Texas man for $3,000. of this nation. If there is to be any reversal perhaps improve upon-the pattern left to some children in porn photos are victims in the trend, the pla.ce to start is child be followed. of incest. Parents will have intercourse with porn." America is a land of pride, glory, beauty, a. son or daughter, then swap pictures with compassion, and, because of its dream, so other incestuous parents, or send the photos very much more. This is what America to a sex publisher. Sex periodicals, particu­ CYNTHIA SUE HINTON-VOICE OF means to me. larly on the West Coast, publish graphic let­ ters on parents' sexual exploits with their DEMOCRACY own children. Says Los Angeles' Martin: "We had one kid in here the other day who is eleven years old. His father started on him HON. GEORGE HAN.SEN BEVERAGE DEPOSITS when he was six, then sold him twice as a sex OF IDAHO slave. The kid had been in movies, pictures, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES magazines and swap clubs. After a while, he HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS broke down and cried and said how grateful Monday, April 4, 1977 OF VERMONT he was to have been pulled out of it." Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, Cynthia IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such experiences can of course soar a child Sue Hinton of Mountain Home, Idaho, Monday, April 4, 1977 for life. Warns New York Psychoanalyst has written a thought-provoking essay Herbert Freudenberger: "Children wiho pose Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, because for pictures begin to see themselves as ob­ for the Veterans of Foreign Wars' Voice of Democracy contest. I appreciate this of the increased interest in legislation jects to be sold. They cut off their feelings requiring deposits on beverage contain­ of affection, finally responding like objects opportunity provided by the VFW which rather than people." Some psychiwtrists be­ enables me to place Cynthia's excellent ers, I recently wrote an article for Bev­ lieve that children who pose in porn pictures essay in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. erage Industry magazine, which relates are often unable to find sexual fulfillment Cynthia is a senior at Mountain Home my thoughts on why we should adopt a as adults. Another danger, s,ays Los Angeles High School, the daughter of Mr. and nationwide deposit system for beverage Psychiwtrist Roland Summit, "is that sexually Mrs. M. D. Hinton. Her interests are in containers. The article shows that we abused children may become sexually aJbus­ civil affairs, both in school and off cam­ are not talking of a measure which ing adults." would simply reduce litter along our Child porn poses fewer haziards for the pus, and she hopes to attend the Uni­ versity of Idaho to begin a career in law. roadsides, but rather we have the oppor­ pornographers. Producers of child porn oan tunity to conserve substantial amounts be prosecuted for sexual abuse of children, A leader in activities in her school but the children are hard to identify and today, I suspect Cynthia will be heard of energy, material resources, as well as locate. So are the producers, who often hide from again tomorrow. After reading her save the American consumer billions of behind a welter of dummy corporations. essay, this is my hope. dollars a year. I include the article in the Thus most prosecutions are under the ob­ The essay follows: RECORD: scenity laws, which generally make no dis­ THE CASE FOR MANDATORY BEVERAGE DEPOSITS tinction between children and adults as porn America is a land of pride, a crucible In which pride in a heritage uniquely its own (By Congressman JAMES M. JEFFORDS, models. One result: many lawyers Believe Republican of Vermont) that the genital pictures in Lollitots, how­ has provided the powerful flame to cast a ever offensive, might be judged no more ob­ bond of unity; a country not mired down by A few years ago, it might have seemed fool­ scene under the law than similar photos of its past but rather a country that is still hardy to appeal to the beverage industry for adult women routinely published in most living its history. support in an effort to enact a deposit sys­ men's magazines. America is a land of glory, a nation begun tem for beer and soda containers. by a mere handful of down-trodden people That, however, is my purpose in this for­ To make prosecutions easier, angry legis­ um. And while I expect you to be skeptical, lators in several states and Congress are pro­ who make the current poverty standards appear as luxury. It can, and does, raise its I hope you will hear me out. Through per­ posing a kind of end run around the ob­ sonal experience, I have learned that the scenity laws-a ban on sexually explicit pic­ sons and daughters to greatness; a nation which instills the strength to take a firm beverage industry is made up of a great many tures of children, whether legally obscene or reasonable, intelligent, and well meaning not. One bill introduced into the House of stand in support of its most cherished asset­ Freedom; a country where the right to object people. For far too long, those of us who have Representatives by Democrat John Murphy traditionally supported deposit systems, and of New York and Dale Kildee of Michigan is vigorously defended and where truth has greater value than wealth. those of you who have traditionally support­ already has 103 co-sponsors. It would make ed deposit systems, and those of you who any proven involvement with the production America is a land of beauty, not only in the breathtaking beauty of its panoramic have traditionally opposed them, have raised and sale of explicit sex plctures of children a our voices in emotional argument without felony. Says a Kildee aide: "Our bill is vistas of plains and mountains, but in the staunch beauty of the faces of its people; in actually communicating. clearly enough directed toward child abuse Hopefully, the time has come for us to so that the First Amendment should not the vibrant, expectant beauty on the smooth faces of the citizens of tomorrow which are modulate our voices and engage in a mean­ arise. This is why we defined child pornog­ ingful give-and-take, to resolve the dispute raphy as a form of abuse, rather than a as yet untouched by the scars of living, and the wise, intuitive beauty on the weathered in a manner which is reasonable and equit­ form of obscenity." able for all concerned. This publication, Bev­ Under this approacih, a salesman in an and lined faces where each wrinkle is a erage Industry, has graciously opened the adult bookstore could be prosecuted as an map-not only of the sorrows of life, but of its laughter and joy. door for this type of exchange. active participant in the crime of sexually Undoubtedly, few of this magazine's read­ exploiting the children pictured in the America is a land of compassion, whose ers will agree with everything I have to say. store's magazines. New York Lawyer Charles citizens are able to subdue despair over But I hope that some of you will see fit to Rembar, who successfully defended "Lady misplaced trusts and prepare to rise to a new get in touch with me, to respond to my com­ Chatterley's Lover" and "Fanny Hill" against and grander tomorrow; WP" are able to look ments, and to determine whether we share obscenity charges, thinks the seller of child for the good in people of all nations and offer enough common ground to make continued porn is a suitable t,arget: "It is totally unreal­ friendship; it remains a country born from dialogue worthwhile. istic to say that the people who sell these a search for religious freedom and still offers With that said, I will state my case: why magazines and films are not involved in the this choice; where a man of strength can sit I believe the industry should support, or at act themselves,'' Yet other lawyers consider misty-eyed, without fear of scorn, as he lis­ least withdraw opposition to beverage con­ a broad child-abuse law a form of back­ tens to his friend play a haunting melody on tainer deposit legislation. door censorship. Says Ira. Glasser of the New a simple harmonica. One reason is purely practical. I firmly be­ York Civil Liberties Union: "I ·assume if you America is a land with a dream whose lieve that national deposit legislation will be put your mind to it, you could come up with citizens look to the future and see a country adopted; perhaps by this Congress, perhaps a an acceptaJble statute prohibiting adults that is not 'yet completely formed; where few years from now but it is a coming thing. from using children in explicit sex films and each new generation stands on that thresh­ This type of legislatlon has been proposed photos, but controlling what people see or old of the dream whose foundation has in many different forms, some of which are April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10347 more beneficial to the industry ( or less in­ were not given the option of purchasing re­ fusion which would result from a patch work jurious, as the case may be) than others. In fillable containers. of state laws, I recently introduced H.R. 936, that light, it would seem that the industry's Now, refillables are .available for the p'eopJ.e with the co-sponsorship of nearly 50 of my best strategy would be to cooperate in devel­ who want them. And the average Vermont colleagues in the House. oping the most acceptable proposal, rather family choosing refillable saves something This is not a "bottle ban" or "ban the can" than offering blanket opposition to all bev­ like $60 a year. That's not a huge amount, bill, although those catch phrases seem to erage container deposit initiatives. but any savings is appreciated in these times persist in the public lexicon. Even if, through blanket opposition, you of economic distress. As for the family which My bill would allow consumers freedom of were able to delay national legislation for a continued to purchase beverages in non­ choice as to the type of beverage container few years, initiatives will continue at the refillables, the cost was no higher than it they prefer. It would simply require a deposit state level. Public support for the deposit would be without the law. of at least 5¢ on each container, a sufficient laws in Vermont and Oregon is so strong that The argument has been advanced that incentive to return the bottle or can for it is clear those laws are on the books to adoption of the Vermont law resulted in a either re-use or recycling, as the case may stay. substantial drop in beverage sales. This is be. Proponents of deposits have been buoyed not true. There was an initial slum.p in bev­ This is a very significant difference between by successes in Maine and Michigan, and erage sales in 1974, but the fact that it oc­ my bill and some of the proposals that have their near-miss in Massachusetts, as well as curred following passage of the deposit law been advanced in the past, which would elim­ the adoption of a deposit system for federal is coincidental. That year was a disastrous inate cans in favor of refillable bottles. installations. Efforts are now being or­ year for the tourist industry in Vermont, The fact is that some people do prefer to ganized in dozens of other states, and realis­ which accounts for a large part of our bev­ purchase their beverages in cans. Cans are tically, some of those efforts are bound to be erage sales. convenient, lightweight, and don't break. successful. Surely it would be easier for the SALES CLIMB They can also be crushed at a redemption beverage industry to cope with a single na­ During 1974, Vermont experienced a lack center, IDinimizing transportation needs tional system than with a patchwork of state of snow, a shortage of gasoline, severe in­ when they are returned in quantity for re­ and municipal deposit laws. flation, and a summer flood. As a result, bev­ cycling. A second argument for your support is erage tax receipts were down 9 % below pro­ Because of these and other, less tangible somewhat more altruistic, but certainly no jections. Total state revenues for tourist­ factors (some people just like the feel of less significant. Simply stated, deposit legis­ related taxes, however, were down by 10.8%, a can in their hands, as opposed to a bottle) , lation is a good idea which, if properly im­ a fact which can hardly be attributed to t}1P I feel that cans would retain roughly their plemented, will provide substantial benefits. state's deposit law. present share of the market if my bill were You should be aware that the ground for The following winter, in 1975, beverage passed. This has been the experience in Ver­ argument has shifted somewhat since the sales surpassed pre-law levels and continued mont, and assuming that the beverage indus­ time the state legislation was debated in Ver­ to climb at a rate far faster than in neigh­ try continues to promote its products in mont and Oregon. The big issue then was boring New Hampshire, which has lower cans, there is no reason to believe the experi­ litter-whether we were willing to accept beverage taxes and no deposit law. It is clear, ence would be any different nationwide. a small inconvenience in exchange for therefore, that the initial slump was not a This factor eliminates many of the strong­ cleaner roadsides. reaction to the deposit law. est arguments which have been advanced The litter issue has not disappeared: the At the risk of repetition, I believe the against "ban the can" legislation. It would Vermont and Oregon roadsides are indeed strongest evidence of the success of the Ver­ not cause severe economic displacements; cleaner, which is partly responsible for con­ mont law is the level of public support it more meaningful, high paying jobs would tinued strong public support in those states. enjoys among the people. Vermonters are be created than eliminated. ENERGY IS PRIMARY thrifty Yankee. Most are unimpressed by ab­ The industry would have three years of stract statistics and studies. If they couldn't leadtime to gear up for the change, although But the big issue now, particularly when one feature of the bill, a ban on detachable national legislation is discussed, is energy. see an improvement in the appearance of the roadsides, if they couldn't see a savings "flip tops," would be implemented one year We can quibble about the exact number of at the checkout counter, they would have after passage. BTU's that would be saved-more about that repealed that law in no time. They have FEW ADVERSE EFFECTS later. But the savings would be significant, chosen not to do so. and, at this point in history, that is an ex­ Therefore, unlike "ban the can" proposals, tremely important consideration. BOTTLER SUPPORT my bill would absolutely minimize any po­ Other national benefits include savings of Incidentally, while I have less direct fa­ tential for adverse effects on the industry. steel and aluminum, and preservation of miliarity with the situation in Oregon, the And the benefits would be virtually as great, space in sanitary landfills, which is increas­ figures from that state would appear to be as energy and other resource savings are ingly scarce in many sections of the country. even more impressive. Beverage container nearly as great from recycling cans as from As you know, two states in the U.S. and litter in th:at state was down by 82% in the refilling bottles. three Canadian provinces have had extensive first two years the Oregon law was on the As I said, energy conservation is the biggest experience with this type of legislation. The books, with no drop in beverage sales attrib­ benefit to be attained through a national deposit law I am most familiar with, of utable to the law. In fact, survey reports deposit system. Obviously, we will not save course, is the one in my home state of Ver­ from soft drink bottlers and distributors enough energy through this means alone to mont. from that state indicated a rise in sales of al­ resolve our energy crisis, or even come close The vast majority of Vermonters believes most 10%, well above the national average. to that goal. But it is a start, something our state law has been a tremendous suc­ And, a poll of Oregonians indicated 91 % pub­ which can be done, and which will have cess. Two yea.rs ago, I conducted a poll, re­ lic support for the forced deposit law there. measurable results. The natural gas shortage sponded to by 10,000 Vermonters, an ex­ The continued support of Vermonters and this winter was an urgent reminder that tremely large sample for a small state. At Oregonians for their state laws becomes even we need this kind of start--and many others that time, 80% said they supported the state more significant when you consider that a which will cumulatively result in very sub­ law and felt it should be adopted on a na­ state law provides fewer benefits than would stantial total conservation. tional level. As a politician, I naturally have be obtained through a national deposit Nobody can predict with absolute accuracy extensive contact with the people of my system. the amount of energy which will be saved state, a.nd I strongly believe that support for Even in terms of litter control, Vermont's through my legislation. Many studies have the state law has increased since that time. roadsides would be cleaner yet along our been performed, with varied conclusions. borders if deposits were required on beverage PEOPLE SUPPORT LAW Probably the most comprehensive study is containers purchased in neighboring New that released by the Federal Energy Admin­ This is reflected in the State Legislature. Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New York istration (FEA) last fall. [see bi, Dec. 12, 1975] Legislators who originally opposed the leg­ State. This detailed study examines three major islation have either changed their positions, And, in a tiny state like Vermont, the or simply given up trying to repeal the law. areas of potential impact based upon pro­ quantities of energy and other resources jected system requirements of the beverage rn fact, last year, the Legislature voted to saved through a deposit system are almost strengthen the deposit law. industry by 1982 (the baseline year for which insignificant. There is some symbolic satis­ the impacts are projecrted). There are some good reasons for this level faction in taking a step away from the of support within Vermont. "throw away mentality" which has pervaded The projections indicate that without a The original intent of the legislation, to American society for too long, but Vermont­ national deposit law, production and dis­ reduce litter, has been realized beyond ex­ ers are well aware that, by themselves, they tribution of beverage would require 383 tril­ pectations. The beverage container portion are not saving enough energy, steel, and lion BTU's of energy, $7.3 billion in ca.pitail of liter has been reduced by 76.1 % , while aluminum in this manner to make a real investment, and 369,000 jobs with a total of total litter is down about 35 % . The return difference. $4.1 billion in labor earnings in 1982. rate is 95%. The savings would be real, and noticeable, In determining impacts of beverage con­ Beyond that, and contrary to the claims on a national scale. tainer deposit system, the FEA study makes of some opponents, Vermonters have bene­ Recognizing that a beverage container de­ use of two illustrative scenarios which fall fitted financially from the legislation. Be­ posit system makes most sense on a national within what FEA considered to be within fore the law was passed, mo.st Vermonters scale especially when you consider the con· the broad range of predictable behavorial 10348 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 responses to legislation such as the bill I 8 million tons of them are discarded. Bever­ should take in the name of conservation, introduced. age containers are the most rapidly growing but it is something which oan be accom­ ASSUMED TRIPPAGE segment of all municipal solid waste, in­ plished, with measurable benefits, without The first scenario, which I personally con­ creasing at a rate of over 10% a year. Con­ lowering our stand,ard of living or com­ sider to be most likely, assumes that in 1982 servative but reliable projections estimate pounding the nation's economic probleins. the market share for cans would be the same that with passage of national deposit legis­ It is a big step for your industry, but for as it was in 1976. It further assumes that lation, this country would be able to reduce the public a.t large, the benefits will clearly both cans and bottle will be returned at a beverage container solid waste by 70 % . outweigh the inconvenience. Few people rate of 90%-certainly reasonable in light of In this way, by 1980, a half million tons rank throwing away beverage containers as Vermont's 95 % return rate. of aluminum, 1.5 million tons of steel, and among their most cherished rights. The assumed trippage for refillable bot­ over 5 million tons of glass would be saved Momentum is growing rapidly on this is­ tles is 10, very conservative compared to the on an annual basis. This, I point out again, sue, and for the reasons outlined in this current national average of 19 or 20 trips, is, in addition to the energy savings, pro­ article, I believe this is for good cause. More according to industry publica.tions. longing the use of sanitary landfills, and states and municipalities will adopt deposit Under this scenario, a national deposit sys­ litter reduction. systems, and sooner or la..ter Congress will tem would reduce energy consumption by Your industry, of course, is concerned too. 168 trillion BTU's annually, or the equiva­ about the capital investments which would Nearly 50 members of Congress have lent of about 81,000 barrels of oil a day. This be required in a switch to a deposit system. signed on to my bill, a very large number is a savings of about 44% of the ene·rgy pro­ CAPrrAL INVESTMENTS for any issue which is more controversial jected for consumption by the beverage in­ The FEA study says that under the first than a,pple pie. A great many more will vote dustry in 1982. scenario, $820 million in ca.pita! require­ for it when it reaches the floor-I do not The second scenario, which I personally ments would be needed with the deposit know for certain whether proponents have consider to be far less likely than the first, legislation. The second scenario projects a majority yet, but we are growing. assumes that the 1982 market share of cans about a $2 billion increase. These are, ad­ I hope you will let me know your views­ declines by about 50%, with a container mittedly, significant figures. particularly if you have any suggestions as return ra;te of 80 % and a trippage of 5 for re­ The impact would be softened, however, to how the bill could be made more attrac­ fillable bottles. Under these projections, the by several factors. tive to your industry without sacrificing its " energy savings amount to 144 trillion BTU's First, the FEA did not include in its goals. figures are conservative in comparison with equation the reduced capital requirements of But I firmly believe that it is in your projections which have been made by others. certain primary suppliers, such as the energy best interests to put on a white hat, help For e~ample, the Environmental Protection sector. to put this legislaition in the best possible Agency has estimated a deposit system would Second, a part of any cap-ital expenditure form, then support it. lead to energy savings of 245 trillion .BTU's is reraptured in later years in income tax the equivalent of 125,000 barrels of oil a day. reductions because of investment depreci­ It has been argued, correctly, that re­ ation. gardless of what figures you choose to be­ Third, my legislation would phase in a TRIBUTE TO COMMENDATORE lieve, the energy savings constitute only a deposit system over a three year period, so ANDREW TORREGROSSA, SR. fraction of one per cent of the current na­ new ca..pital investment could be spread over tional energy consumption. This certainly that amount of time. proves that container deposits, by them­ Fourth, the most substantial new capital HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI requirements would come about only with selves, cannot lead us to energy independ­ OF NEW YORK ence. But nobody is claiming they would. a large-scale shift to refillable bottles. Al­ though these costs would, over a period of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VOLUME SAVINGS time, have to be passed on to the consumer Monday, April 4, 1977 In terms of volume of savings, even the who purchases this type of container, that tiny percentage figure is very significant. consumer would still come out ahead finan­ Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, I take One environmental group, using a savings cially. This is because refillables are, and will great pleasure in being able to join with figure of 211.5 trillion BTU's, illustrated this continue to be, the most economioal type the many people in my district in paying point dramatically by pointing out that this of beverage container. tribute to one of the most respected is equivalent to the amount of energy needed As I have mentioned, the economics of to supply the electrical needs of 9.1 million using refillables have been well documented members of our community, Commend­ relatively affluent Americans for a year. in Vermont. The FEA says that, under its atore Andrew Torregrossa, Sr., who will Put in other terms, the group computed two scenarios, consumer savings from the be honored by the Sons of Italy on the that the savings would be equivalent to the use of reflllables would range from $1.8 bil­ 16tb of April. Mr. Torregrossa, who has amount of gasoline used by 1.69 million auto­ lion to $2.6 billion a year. just celebrated his 85th birthday, has mobiles averaging 10 miles per gallon for a Your industry obviously is not the only devoted his entire life to others who, typical driving year of 10,000 miles or to heat source of waste of energy and other re­ like himself when he emigrated to this 2 million 3-bedroom brick homes in the sources. Therefore, you may very legitimately country almost 70 years ago, so desper­ Middle Atlantic region with natural gas for ask why you are so often singled out as an an entire eight month heating season. e~ample of waste in America. It is, indeed, ately needed guidance and help. Certainly, we can quibble about the ex­ unfair to label you the "bad guys" unless Commendatore Torregrossa came to act figures. I am not about to stake my rep­ th.at label is also applied to vast segments the United States at the age of 16. Since utation on a fl.rm projection. that we can of industry and the public. that time, he has been directly involved heat a specific number of brick homes with You may well ask: "Why don't we take with and responsible for the establish­ our energy savings. And it's true that these meaningful steps to improve fuel efficiency ment of such organizations as an all are all energy equivalents: in practice, the of automobiles?" Why don't we adopt large Italian Longshoremen's Local, the Ital­ savings would allow us to heat some brick soale programs to recover all kinds of re­ ian Catholic Union in the Diocese of homes, provide some electricity for people, cyclable materials, and to use our landfills and so on. and even sewage treatment plants to gen­ Brooklyn, of which he was the Supreme ENERGY USE erate methane?" "Why don't we conserve Orator, the first Italian Plasterman's But we have just come through a period energy by providing incentives for improv­ and Hod Carriers, the Citizens of Licata when schools and factories have been closed ing home insulation?" Society in Brooklyn, and the Anthony down because of a natural gas shortage, a The list of questions along that line could Torregrossa Democratic Club. Through situation which is likely to be repeated, with go on ait length. And the answer is simple. these groups, he has illustrated time and perhaps even more serious consequences, in Yes, we should proceed as rapidly as pos­ time again his concern for his fellow man the future. In the Northwest, electricity ra­ sible with a wide variety of substantive steps by working to improve working condi­ tioning now aippears to be a serious pos­ to conserve our energy and other resources. sibility, a threat which will undoubtedly We should start with the steps which will tions and working for a better way of spread to other parts of the country in involve a minimum amount of true sacrifice life. His successes, particularly in the future years. by the American people. And we should­ field of labor, made him most popular When push comes to shove, when the we must--be prepared to adopt more strin­ among his fellow countrymen who came American people realize that they can keep gent conservation efforts if and when they to him for help. even a few schools and factories open by become necessary. It is most fitting that the Sons of sacrificing the convenience of throwing A deposit system, in the form called for Italy, Verrazano Lodge, will be honoring a.way their beverage containers, it is going by my bill, is one of the steps we can take Commendatore Torregrossa, for he has to be awfully hard to convince the public with minimum sacrifice; in fact, there will served with this organization since 1912, that this "convenience" is more important. be financl:al savings, and it can be argued As you know, beverage containers are big that returning beverage containers is not a as venerable, grand treasurer and su­ business. Over 90 billion containers are pro­ sacrifice at all. preme delegate, among other positions. duced each year in this country, and over To be sure, it is not the only action we However, it must be recognized that April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10349 Mr. Torregrossa has received the praise ognize an extraneous program when we well at its Maryland hunting lodge. The and honor for his civic and religious see one. I urge my colleagues to read this Pentagon's former research chief, Malcolm Currie, was fined one month's pay after ac­ duties in the past. For example, he was carefully, and to continue to oppose this cepting a trip to Rockwell's Bimini resort as conferred by the Republic of Italy as a poor expenditure of public money: the guest of Rockwell's Robert Anderson. Member of the Order of the Italian Star THE LOBBYING FOR THE B-1 BOMBER The company has funneled campaign con­ of Solidarity in 1957, followed by the title (By Jack Anderson) tributions to 18 key members of the House of Commendatore in the Order of Merit The rallying of the arms lobby around the Armed Services and Appropriations commit­ of the Republic of Italy in 1967. Only 7 ca.use of the B-1 bomber ls a stirring demon­ tees. It also conducted a newspaper adver­ years ago, he received a Papal Decora­ stration that the military-industrial complex tising blitz for the B-1 last year. tion by Pope Paul VI initated by Cardinal has survived the embarrassments of the past Holding out the promise of 70,000 new Terrance Cooke as a Knight of the and has lost none of its prehensile vitality. jobs, the B-1 proponents have also enlisted At issue is the most expensive single weap­ the support of .AFL-CIO President George Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre Meany and the United Auto Workers. Not of J eruseleum, and was elevated as ons systems ever to get this far. The B-1 bomber program Will cost an estimated $92 mentioned is the fact that the jobs would be Knight Commander in 1972. billion, maybe over $100 billion if past cost only temporary. For that matter, twice as Commendatore Torregrossa's list of overruns are a guide. Each plane Will cost many jobs would be created by spending accomplishments and awards for com­ from $94 m1llion to $117 million, dependlng the same money on housing construction, munity and religious service are almost on whether one relies on official or independ­ say, or on education. too numerous to mention. However, each ent analysts. The General Accounting Office, mean­ If such amounts baffle your comprehension, while, anticipates that the ultimate cost of one is significant, and, it must be said, the B-1 system could be several billion dol­ more deserved than the next. Surely, all consider that the price of a single B-1 bomber could finance the operation of 1,000 rural lars higher than the military brass are pre­ of them serve as testament to the great­ health clinics for a year or, if you prefer, the dicting. The decision whether to undertake ness of the man. construction of a capacious prison in each of this massive spending will rest with Presi­ I believe that we can all learn from our dozen most crime-ridden states. dent Carter, who has promised to cut mili­ him. Andrew Torregrossa believed in Backers of the B-1 say it will assure U.S. tary spending. But he is not likely to aban­ don the B-1 unless the Soviets also reduce America. As an immigrant, he put his supremacy in the air in the foreseeable fu­ their military build-up. faith and trust in this country and in­ ture; opponents say it is already obsolete in When the idea of representative govern­ vested in her future. As a result of this a strategic world dominated by interconti­ ment was young, it was feared that a system faith as well as his strength and forti­ nental missiles. But where vast expenditures are involved, arguments on the merits tend subject to mass opinion and accountable to tude, he became successful in business, to get drowned out by the self-interests. ordinary people would be unable to handle establishing the Andrew Torregrossa decisions requiring Wisdom. Subsequent his­ Realty Holding Corp., Andrew Torre­ Each great weapons system develops by tory, however, showed that the rough-and­ natural law an aggressive lobby to clear its tumble of democracy usually produced wiser grossa and Sons, Inc., and Andrew Tor­ path. The process by which pursuasion and decisions than the pompous cogitations of regrossa Securities. pressure are brought to bear on the gove1·n­ the elite. Most importantly, however, these ment process has been honed to an art form; What has yet to be proved, as government values and trust have been pased along success depends as much on political influ­ largesse grows and spreads, is ·whether the to his children and his 10 great-grand­ ence as professional competence. thin, wide-flung forces representLng com­ children who will long carry out the Tor­ In the executive suites of almost all the mon sense and the general interest can top defense contractors are ret ired generals withstand the concentrated forces that press regrossa name for generations to come. and admirals who are on first-name basis His family will gather with the many the cause of their own purse. The case of With the Pentagon's big brass. They help to Rockwell International and its allied mer­ friends on April 16th to honor Andrew sell the we,3.pons system to their former com­ cenaries ls furnishing a test. Torregrossa and to them, I offer my rades in the armed forces. At the critical congratulations and respect. stage, the campaign becomes focused on Cap­ At this point, I want to extend to Com­ itol Hill. Then the pressure people take over­ RETAINING OUR NATION'S PRIME mendatore Andrew Torregrossa my affable lobbyists who know the right people AGRICULTURAL LAND thanks on behalf of all who have bene­ in the backrooms of Congress. Whether the B-1 program should be fited from his guidance and advice. We adopted or not, based on the merits, has honor him and offer our most sincere HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS been lost in the lobbying effort. This effort OF VERMONT respect. He has proven to our community is directed by the prime contractor, Rockwell if not the country that men still care International, on mostly extraneous, pork­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about their fellow men and are willing to barreling, log-rolling arguments, thus dem­ Monday, April 4, 1977 help. Personally, I am pleased to con­ onstrating once again that the vulnerabiUty sider him not only as a constituent, but to well-financed lobbies is the Achilles heel Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, on as a friend. of American democracy. From our own in­ March 7, I introduced H.R. 4569, a bill vestigation, consider these findings: which addresses the problems of retain­ Rockwell carefully listed the members of ing our Nation's prime agricultural land. the key Senate and House committees in a I have been extremely pleased with the document stamped "Not to be disclosed to support this legislation has received from LOBBYING FOR THE B-1 BOMBER unauthorized persons." Next to each mem­ ber's name is a list of the companies in his many Members of Congress. Yesterday, district that have received subcontracts from I reintroduced this legislation along with HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH the B-1 project. Sen. Clifford Case (R-N.J.), several cosponsors. It is apparent that OF COLORADO for example, has a $400,000 Bendix subcon­ the interest in this bill is tied closely to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tract in his state, and Rep. Louis Stokes, (D­ the many problems our agricultural land Ohio) , has $227 ,000 going to the Cleveland is currently facing. Soil erosion, urban Monday, April 4, 1977 Pneumatic Company in his district. sprawl, and skyrocketing land costs are Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, as the battle When Rep. Jonathan Bingham (D-N.Y.), asked for the basic economic facts about the a few of the current problems that pose over the budget continues, major weap­ B-1, Rockwell rushed him some charts that a real threat to the continued existence ons systems continue to be a matter of ignored his question but showed how the of our family farms. significant controversy. As a body, the program would generate 45,000 jobs and $2.3 Recentlv, there has been an increasing House is faced with the need to choose b1llion in business for New York and New amount of national publicity on the is­ between those that are a needed part of a Jersey. sue of our diminishing level of good farm strong national defense structure, and Rockwell President Robert Anderson has land. those that have become technological urged all the firm's 119,000 employees to I would like to insert in the CoNGREs­ wonders whose marginal defense value is write their congressmen in behalf of the B-1, SIONAL RECORD two recent articles deal­ limited, but whose jobs or "public works" complete with stationery, stamps and en­ ing with some of these issues: velopes. value continues to be sold to the Amer­ [From the Christian Science Monitor, Rockwell has produced a film touting the Mar. 29, 1977) ican public. B-1 and has distributed it to various Cham­ Included among the latter is the B-1 bers of Commerce. Nowhere in the film is it CROPLAND UNDER URBAN-SPRAWL ATI'ACK bomber, as heavily lobbied a weapons mentioned that Rockwell was the producer. (By Richard J. Cattani) progr2,m as any we have seen. The en­ Key Pentagon officials in charge of the B-1 OMAHA, NEBRASKA.-America's foremost closed article outlines the need to rec- project have been wined a.nd dined by Rock- land-use challenge-the loss of prime crop- 10350 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 land to suburban house-lots a.nd lawns-is off farmland from effective crop-use by de­ FIERCE RESISTANCE getting closer scrutiny at federal, state, a.nd velopment. While some land-owners a.re strong advo­ local levels. One million acres a year is lost to water cates of controls, many fiercely resist any No overnight breakthrough in halting the projects !or recreation, Irrigation, or power. effort to give the general public power over loss of farmland to urban sprawl is a.t hand, Hence, 5 milllon acres of U.S. farmland e. year private property. according to rura.l la.nd-use experts. are being ta.ken out of agricultural produc­ Says J. Vernon Martin, president of the But the rising a.warenes of the issue, plus tion. Soll Conservation Society of America: "Land experiments in controlling urban sprawl a.nd While much land has been lost to farming use is a very controversial subject. It relates in preserving cropland, are genera.ting fresh in recent years, land elsewhere was brought to a. person who lives under the free-enter­ hope that prime farmland losses ca.n be into production, keeping the U.S. cropland prise system, and he resents or resists being curbed. total at about the same 400 mllion acres. In told how to use or dispose of his land." Total cropland 1n the U.S. has been in­ fact, between 1968 and 1975, cropland har­ Because land ownership is one of the most creasing, but prime lands have been declin­ vested actually increased by 10 percent, cherished dreams of Americans, fights over ing-lost mostly to urban sprawl-as less rich while the total supply of cropland declined land-use control are emotion-charged and lands have been brought into use. by the same figure. often end up with battles in the courts. But among positive signs noted at a re­ B t farmers may have brought marginal Controversy is most intense in areas with cent land-use symposium here of the Soll l nd into production, increasing the chances the greatest population density and the Con erva.tlon Society of America, are these: of oil erosion and scrimping on good land­ least open land. In Hawa.11, for example, a Congress ls warming up to farmland pres­ use practices, like conservation a.nd crop shortage of land ls a growing problem de­ ervation. The House is considering a. demon­ rotation. spite passage of perhaps the nation's tough­ stration bill that would fund special projects Still, some 70 million acres of potential est legislation governing use. in critical farm-loss areas around the coun­ prime farmland are available for crops, says Fred Trotter, trustee of the Campbell Es­ try. President Carter is expected to take a the U.S. Soll Conservation Service (SCS). In tate, one of the islands' largest land-owners, clo e look at the issue, too. And the U.S. a.ll, about 100 million acres of good farmland warns of chaos unless Ha.waU's land prob­ Department of Agriculture has launched a could be tapped for crops, says Norman A. lems are solved. "I want out," he says. "The nationwide farmland-mapping effort to ldenr Berg, SCS associate administrator--or first people they shoot in a. revolution are tlfy imperiled areas. enough to offset the current farmland loss landowners." States are trying a variety of farmland rate !or 20 years. Landowners in urban areas long a.go sur­ pre ervation measures. Three-fourths of the rendered some control over their property states have passed at least some legislation [From U.S. News & World Report, Mar. 21, with the advent of zoning laws, planning already. 1977] commis.sions, deed restrictions and bullding New Jer ey, which has been losing one GAINING MOMENTUM.: A DRIVE To STOP SUB­ codes. Now these restrictions on property a.re farm on the average of every three days, ls URBAN SPRAWL applied with increasing frequency to rural attempting a test program in Burlington States and communities in growing num­ land as well. County. The state will spend $5 milllon to bers are clamping down on how owners of World food shortages, !or example, have fund a permanent farmland preserve-pay­ rural and recreational land ca.n use their shifted the emphasis on land-use planning ing farmers the difference between farm val­ property. from protecting city neighborhoods and ues as cropland and as housing, or other de­ The drive reflects an increasing concern scenic areas to the preservation of farm­ velopment in exchange for a guarantee that over the effects of population growth-par­ land. the land be kept under agricultural pro­ ticularly the spread of the suburbs--a.nd of The energy crisis also has heightened con­ d uctlon. damage to the environment. cern over the loss of open la.nd. Taken to­ Iowa's Black Hawk County has come up Behind this concern is the continuing loss gether, current proposals !or new power with a zoning scheme to control land-use. of valuable farmland, marshes, beaches and plants, strip mines, oil-shale plants, coa.1- Housing development is allowed to continue scenic beauty spots that are bulldozed, paved gaslfication projects and related faclllties at a. steady pace in the county-"but this over or fenced in each year. would require a land a.rea the size of Mis­ development ls now occurring on soils The U.S. Department of Agriculture esti­ souri if all were built. deemed suitable for uch land use, while mates 2 million acres of farmland disappear STRIP MINING HIT the vast majority of land in the county re­ annually before advancing urban sprawl. cal­ mains in agricultural production," says At a recent congressional hes.ring in itornla's Santa Clara Valley lost 140,000 prime Washington, a group of Illinois farmers Janice Clark, Black Hawk County zoning acres between 1950 and 1970. In Iowa. alone, administrator. asked the Government to ban strip m1nlng a.bout 25,000 acres of rich agricultural land­ on agricultural land. Robert Masterson, zon­ CITIES ARE HELPING some of the most fertile in the world-are ing administrator for Knox County, Ill., Some farmers are getting an assist from lost each year. said coal reserves underlie 61 percent of the the cities. Resort developers rapidly are covering the county and that strip mining threatens to Only recently are cities noting that un­ nation's remaining open beaches with condo­ destroy 284,000 acres of farmland. controlled growth costs them money. miniums, motels and restaurants. Marsh­ William M. Johnson, an official with the Crystal Lake, Illinois, near Chicago, made a lands necessary for sustaining fish, waterfowl federal Soil Conservation Service, warns: study of the hidden costs of growth (bigger and aquatic animals a.re being filled in for "We are !acing a squeeze in productive capa­ schools, added sewer lines) and discovered it housing subdivisions and shopping centers. bility only a few years from now. We have wo.s charging developers only a fraction of DEMANDS BY PUBLIC very little time in which to bulld a protec­ their fair share of service costs to the com­ Alarmed at this loss, the public now is tive fence around our cropland or lose it for munity. demanding a greater role in determining how all time." "We've been subsidizing the exodus from private property is used. Some examples: Because many major cities grew from the cities and close-in suburbs," says Crystal Walworth County in southeastern Wiscon­ rural villages, some of the best farmland Lake Councilman Michael Hinebaugh. "We sin has adopted a plan limiting the use of surrounds urban centers. Usually flat and should promote redevelopment of areas that fertile land to !arming. It also protects rec­ well drained, this prime farmland is highly already have sewers and schools." Crystal reational areas and restricts checkerboard prized by developers who can offer a strug­ Lake's solution was to hike service fees for development by requiring that individual gling farmer quick riches. developers 13-fold. land purchases be at least 35 acres in size. In Indiana, farmers who might receive Chicago's planning department says the California has enacted a law that ls sharply $1,500 to $2,500 per acre for land sold for city could easily add another 2 million resi­ curtalllng commercial development along the agriculture are selling the same land to dents, for a total of 5 million, by full use of State's scenic 1,027-mile coastllne. developers for $10,000 to $25,000. If he re­ land within Its limits. Instead, the city Is fuses to sell, a farmer may see his ta.x blll Hawaii is trying to block the ouster of escalate because of the higher market value expected to continue losing residents to tenants from farmland upon which the owner hou ing developments on farmland in the wants to erect housing, a more profitable use. of his land. This trend has converted some region. farmers into supporters of restrictions on Suffolk County on New York's Long Island their property, provided they can get pro­ Om1ha, which has suburb annexation is purchasing "development" rights from tection from higher taxes. powers lacking in Chica.go, is attempting to !armers to preserve the land. When a farmer Dairy !armer Charles McLaughlin of Britt, deal with farmland loss by halting develop­ surrenders his right to develop his property Ia., favors land-control laws, even though ment in a farmland belt that rings the city. commercially, he ls paid the difference be­ be has reservations about turning over con­ The Omaha City Council is considering a tween the land's agricultural value and its trol of his land to the State. "Farmers are city master plan which would compel better assessed tax value. rugged individualists by nature, and they use of nonfarmland close in the city. Experts believe that such land-use con­ oppose any controls that would interfere WHERE LAND GOES trols, as they are called, eventually will gov­ with free use of their land," he says. "But The U.S. has been "losing" 2 million acres ern the ut111za.tion of almost all land in when we see our land being diverted into a year of first-rate farmland directly to the country. Most movement is occWTUlg nonagricultural uses--the often wasteful, urban sprawl for housing, shopping centers, at the State and local level, but Congress Irreversible diversion of food-producing and highways. Another 2 million acres are and the Administration also have expressed land-we began to see we need some kind of lost indirectly due to "leapfrogging"--cutting interest in greater la.nd regulation. land-use pollcy." A 'f)ril 4, 19 7 7 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10351 This attitude also is prevalent in Lexing­ soil. Good land is reserved for farming and ground information on NBC's 3-hour ton, Ky., where a tug of war ls going on poor land for recreation and development. smear of Senator Joseph McCarthy. I between developers who want to provide By the end of the year, five other counties shopping centers and subdivisions and those in the Iowa Northland Regional Council of have shown over and over again with who want to preserve the horse-breeding Governments are expected to adopt a "soil documentary evidence that NBC lied and farms surrounding the city. mapping" plalil. similar to the one in Black distorted the facts in its anti-McCarthy "We're feeling the pressure and we're Hawk County. "In some areas people are lit­ pseudo-history. starting to develop a growth-planning sys­ erally shot over zoning arguments, but we've NBC calls its pseudo-history "Docu­ tem," says Frank Mattone, Lexington plan­ had zoning for 20 years and it is pretty well dramas." The prestigious National News ning director. "Land-use control ls essential." accepted here," says Hugh Copeland, execu­ Council has now underscored the major Because of the heavy loss of prime agricul­ tive director of the council. tural acreage, almost every State in the U.S. Land-use controls also are being employed point that I was making. "Docudramas" now has some program aimed at preserving to protect scenic and environmentally sen­ distort history in accordance with the farmland. The most popular method ls to sitive a.re.as. New York, for example, now oors bias of the writer, but pretend to be ac­ grant preferential tax treatment to farmers development on coastal wetlands unless the curate reenactments of a historical in­ whose land has increased in value because owner can prove economic hardship. Before cident. of its proximity to urban development-­ implementation of its Tidal Wetlands Act in The conservative writer, William A. typically, basing the tax rate strictly on the 1973, New York lost an estimated 7,000 to Rusher, himself a member of the Na­ agricultural value of the land. 10,000 acres of tidal wetlands over a 20-year tional News Council, wrote about the Land-planning advocates argue, however, period. Since 1973, only 100 acres have been that preferential tax treatment is not the lost. condemnation of "Docudramas" in his answer to the problem. While everyone seems to agree that some­ March 30, 1977, column. It gives me great "Farmland-assessment programs have thing needs to be done to preserve farmland, pleasure to share this column with my slowed down the rate of development, but scenic and environmentally sensitive areas, colleagues: in many States lower taxes are still not suf­ other aspects of land-use controls are THE CONSERVATIVE ADVOCATE: THE DANGERS IN ficient incentive to farmers," says Betty Wil­ more controversial. Critics argue that con­ son, assistant commissioner of New Jersey's "DoCUDRAMAS'' trols often protect those who already own (By William A. Rusher) department of environment protection. property, r.ather than the community at "While farmers gain some from such pro­ large. DEs MoINES.-The National News Council, grams, there ls still a larger chunk of money at its meeting here, added its respected voice awaiting them if they sell to developers." A restrictive program in Eastlake, Ohio, to the others that have recently been raised made the headlines in 1976 when the U.S. against the dangers inherent in television TAX BREAKS OPPOSED Supreme Court upheld residents' rights to Local governments often oppose tax breaks vote down a developer's plan to place a high­ ''docudramas." for farmers. Kent Shelhamer, Pennsylvania's rise apartment complex for senior citizens The word "docudrama" was coined not long secretary of agriculture, had this comment: and low-income families in the town. ago to describe a hybrid creature, half docu­ "Our program of reduced taxation for farm­ There is concern that California's law pro­ mentary and half drama, that recently made ers has not worked out as well as we would tecting the coastline will be used to exclude its appearance on America's television have liked it. Some commissioners are not newcomers from acquiring property. One screens. The worst example to date of the in favor of preferential tax treatment for State sen.a.tor, David Roberti of Hollywood, abuses to which the form is subject was farmers because it holds down the county's calls the law the "Elite Neighborhoods and "Tall Gunner Joe," a heavily fictionalized tax base." Enhancement Act of 1976" because it pro­ biography of the late Senator Joseph Mc­ In Florida's Orange County, which is los­ Carthy of Wisconsin, which ran for three tects existing ownerships. hours on the NBC television network one ing citrus acreage at the rate of 2,000 to 3,000 STOPPING GROWTH per year, county extension director Henry F. Sunday evening not long ago, and broke all Swanson says local government officials fre­ Critics also complain that advocates of re­ existing records for sheer numbers of outright quently deny preferential tax treatment to strictions on the use of land are employing lies artfully packaged to resemble truth. farmers because development of the land environmental-protection laws to stop rather (I owe an apology, by the way, to the would bring in more tax dollars. than control growth. With such laws, envi­ American Express Company, which I listed With encroachment continuing, more ronmentalists can snarl a development proj­ in an earlier column on the subject, as one State and local governments are develop­ ect in red tape and, in some oases, litigate it of the sponsors of "Tail Gunner Joe.") Amer­ ing other programs to preserve farmland. to death in the courts. ican Express says it sponsored a one-minute New York State, for instance, has been des­ Environmentalists recently blocked a pro­ news summary that happened to appear dur­ ignating farm areas as agriculture districts posed 500-million-dollar petrochemical com­ ing a commercial break in the "docudrama," since 1971. Once in a district, farmers are plex on the Sacramento River near San Fran­ but assures me it had nothing to do with entitled to preferential tax treatment and cisco and a dam in Tennessee. Environmental "Tail Gunner Joe" itself. are subject to fewer restrictions than urban Laws also have been used to block numerous Having served as one of the few conserva­ landowners who must comply with local energy-related projects around the country. tive members of the National News Council building codes, deed restrictions and other Some environmentalists fear the use of at its foundation, four yea.rs ago, as a non­ limitations. laws to halt growth could create a back­ governmental critic (and defender) of Amer­ lash. Says Ann R. Jennings, an official of the LONG ISLAND'S ANSWER ica's lustily free print and electronic media, South Carolina Sierra Club: "When you are I knew my colleagues well enough to be sure Proponents of controls believe programs flush and you have plenty of money and jobs their judgment would not be swayed, one such as one enacted by Suffolk County on floating in by the thousands, it is easier to way or the other, by their personal opinions Long Island can provide farmers with long­ talk in terms of limiting your economic on the controversial McCarthy. range protection against urbanization. Con­ growth. The environment ls a lot like the To stress thast I wanted to focus their at­ cerned that it had lost two thirds of its arts. It is something you do when you are tention on the generic problems inherent farmland to development over the past 25 rich." in "doC'Udramas," and not at all on the years, the county embarked on a farm­ For this reason, land-control advocates see merits (if any) of "Tail Gunner Joe," I preservation program that involves purchas­ little chance that the Government will adopt brought the question before the Council's ing the development rights of farmlands. The a nationwide land-use program until the Freedom of the Press Committee (which is price of development rights is equal to the economy improves and land becomes much specifically concerned to defend the inde­ difference between the fair market value of more scarce. pendence of the media) rather than its the land and the agricultural value. Farm­ Comments Richard C. Longmi.re, director of ers retain physical ownership of the land Grievance Committee (which receives and the National Association of Conservation Dis­ passes upon specific complaints of alleged but cannot do anything but farm it. Pur­ tricts: "The American people react to crisis. chasers acquire the land with the under­ abuses by the med-ia) . There won't be anything like a land crisis I am glad to say that both the Committee standing that the property must continue for 20 to 30 years when people get hungry." in its present agricultural use. An obstacle and then the Council as a whole saw the to the program is the relatively large amount point and voted unanimously to sound the of money it takes. Last September, Suffolk alarm. The Council's statement noted the County approved an appropriation of 21 mil­ NATIONAL NEWS COUNCIL CON­ problem "with deep concern," explaining: lion dollars to buy development rights. DEMNS DOCUDRAMAS "These are dramas, purportedly based on fact, With a modest program of restrictions, New written and produced not by journalists but Jersey has slowed a decline in farml·amd after by dramatists, as entertainment in the broad losing 440,000 acres from 1957 to 1967. From sense. Because ... they appear under the HON. LARRY McDONALD general umbrella of the same broadcast or­ 1967 to the present, New Jersey farmland has OF GEORGIA decreased 95,000 acres. One method involves ganizations that also present news and docu­ the spending of 5 million dollars normally IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mentaries, the dangers of public confusion budgeted for acquisition of open space to Monday, April 4, 1977 and historical revisionism or inaccuracy are purchase development rights from farmers. considerable, particularly because the needs In Iowa, Black Ha.wk County has a land­ Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, I have of drama may tend to take priority over jour­ control plan based on the productivity of the been providing my colleagues with back- nalistic standards . . . The Council ex- 10352 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 presses its concern and urges that the tele­ "This is in itself a great change from the FEEDING THE CROCODILE vision networks take this ma11ter under situation just a few years back." serious consideration, going beyond mere But Thomas, expanding on an opening routine disclaimers, to assure a proper re­ address he made to an American Cancer HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN gard for factual and historical accuracy." Society seminar, which he heads, said that OF CALIFORNIA For the time being, no doubt, the Holly­ the field is filled with uncertainties, with wood writers who are grinding out this trash much basic research yet to be done. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will content themselves with twisting the Thomas said there are half a dozen differ­ Monday, April 4, 1977 facts to ennoble the liberals' heroes ("Frank­ ent fields that offer great promise in the lin and Eleanor") and smear the liberals' cancer fight. One, he said, is the effort to find Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ enemies ("Tail Gunner Joe)-that being the biological substances that signal to the doc­ cently read three disturbing reports, the command of what Bill Buckley calls "the tor if cancer cells exist, and what kind. facts of which should cause alarm in the Zeitgeist": the spirit of the times. But let A panel of scientists reported on different highest circles of our Government. These no one suppose the infection will stop aspects of that work Saturday. articles, by and about Mr. Miles Costick, there-any more than the presidency stopped Dr. David Baltimore, Nobel laureate from detail the export of our scientific knowl­ being imperial when Richard Nixon got his the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, edge and technology to the Communist hands on it. If this sort of abuse goes un­ said a certain enzyme calle.d terminal trans­ resisted, we can all expect to see, sooner or f erase is useful in differentiating between regimes of Eastern Europe, the Soviet later, a "docudrama" depicting Martin different types of leukemia so doctors can Union, and Red China. Luther King, Jr. as a self-intoxicated op­ better plan treatment. While I believe that few Americans or portunist who liked to fool around with national leaders would endorse the sale white women and cynically allied himself of complex military technology directly with known Communists. Ah, what a wail­ [From the Atlanta Journal S;nd Constitution, Apr. 3, 1977] to the Soviets or other Communists, many ing and gnashing of teeth there will be of our leading computer companies-in­ then! The television networks ought to ad­ TESTS ZERO IN ON APPROACH: TAILOR-MADE dress themselves seriously to this problem CANCER THERAPY NEAR? cluding IBM, Control Data, Sperry-Rand, right now, before their medium loses for­ (By'Ja.ne E. Brody) UNIV AC, Honeywell, and General Elec­ ever what reputwtion it has for fairness SARASOTA, FLA.-Researchers reported here tric-have entered · into commercial and truth. Saturday they are beginning to zero in on agreements which have the same effect. special characteristics of cancer cells that One might naturally ask how this has can be used to test for or predict the most been permitted to happen? The answer APPROVED BUT UNFUNDED CANCER effective approach to treatment. is frighteningly simple: The Depart­ RESEARCH PROJECTS These chwracteristics can help to distin­ ments of Commerce and State and the guish between patients whose cancers ap­ National Security Council have approved pear identi,cal microscopically but in fact the sale by these companies of millions of HON. JACK BRINKLEY have important biological differences-and dollars worth of sophisticated computers, OF GEORGIA different responses to various treatments. peripheral equipment, and manufactur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Accordingly, it should be possible to tailor­ ing expertise to the Communists. During Monday, April 4, 1977 make treatments to improve the survival the last 4 years, American companies chances of individual patients, the research­ Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, in last ers said. One distinguishing character al­ have sold the Soviet Union alone more Thursday's CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, dur­ ready has been used to plan the therapy of than $300 million worth of advanced ing debate on the Biomedical Research some patients, with encouraging results so computer equipment. Extension Act of 1977, there are listed far. And that is not the end of it. Late last the unfunded approvals from the Na­ The new studies pll'ovide fa.ctual supp,ort year, permission was granted to Control for what many cancer specialists have long Data by the National Security Council to tional Cancer Institute. They are well believed-that among any group of patients sell the Soviet Union the Cyber 73 com­ worth your review. Each line represents with one type of canper, say breast cancer, a project application. There are 1,543 of puter system. Control Data received $6 there are likely to be important differences million in the deal and the Soviets re­ them. The total figure needed to fund in the cancer cells of the individual patients these amounts to $126,362,000. This is a that, in part, determine their survival ceived a 10- to 15-year boost in their recurring pattern as I demonstrated 3 chances following a particular type of military capability. In this Congress­ therapy. man's mind, that was far from being an years ago. even trade. Nine hundred people will die from Doctors long have pondered why some cancer today. patients do extremely well and others with Red China is to benefit from our It is not within their lifetime that a seemingly the sa.me cancer do not, al though knowledge as well. The Chinese Commu­ they are receiving the same therapy. The nists are to receive a computer which is cure for cancer will have been found. characteristics described here represent part Three years ago there were comparable used in the United States for antisub­ of the attempt to find out why this happens. marine warfare, nuclear weapons calcu­ approved, but unfunded, projects of NCI. Two scientists, Dr. David Baltimore, a. lations, and large phase-array radar sys­ The hopes of 900 people who die today Nobel Prize-winning virologist from Massa­ tems that track ICBM's. On October 12, may have been shattered upon that :p.on­ chusetts Institute of Technology, and :Jr. funding decision made 3 years ago. Stuart F. Schlossman, chief of tumor immu­ 1976, the National Security Council ap­ The lives of 900 people who may die on nology at the Sidney Farber Cancer Insti­ proved the sale of two Control Data a day three years from now may be sealed tute in Boston, described three so-called bio­ Cyber 172 computer systems. Again, Con­ logical markers that help to differentiate trol Data made $6 million on the deal and in these project applications. The fate between leukemia cells that may otherwise the Red Chinese advanced their com­ of them, and for them, is within our appear identical to or show similarities to puter technology by leaps and bounds. hands. outwardly different cancers. And again, America got the short end of For the RECORD I attach two news One is an enzyme called TDT (for terminal the deal. articles which I came across yesterday, deoxynucleotidyl tra,nsfeiiase) and two M"e These sales were approved in spite of related to cancer research : cell surface molecules designated as HTL and the objections of the Department of De­ [From the Columbus (Ga.) Ledger-Enquirer, Ia. Antibodies can be prepared against each Apr. 3, 1977] of these substances to enable doctors to de­ fense and ERDA that these computer termine which patients have them and which systems were suitable for nuclear weap­ HEADWAY ON CANCER REPORTED don't, and use this information to predict ons calculations. SARASOTA, FLA.-Although the battle is the most effective treatments for each. As Mr. Costick explains, computers are far from won, a leader in the fight against A third researcher, Dr. Sydney E. Salmon, essential to all aspects of modern warfare. cancer said Saturday there is cause for director of the University of Arizona Cancer "reasonable optimism" that scientists even­ They are used for navigation and weap­ Center in Tucson, described a new technique ons guidance in modern missiles, aircraft, tually will learn how to control and prevent of isolating and growing the relatively few the disease. cells within a cancer that are the apparent tanks, high performance satellite-based "In short, the · problem is now wide open "true villains"-the ones that can spread and surveillance systems, ABM defense sys­ and approachable and it begins to look to establish colonies in other parts of the body. tems, and submarines. Mr. Costick cor­ the most skeptical and sophisticated of bio­ Salmon said he can then use these test rectly observes that "without computers, logical scientists like an ultimately solvable tube colonies of malign.ant cells to test vari­ modern weapons systems could not be problem," said Dr. Lewis Thomas, president of ous drugs or radiation therapy and select built, integrated, tested, deployed, kept the Memprial Sloan Kettering Cancer center the treatment that is likely to be most ef­ combat-ready, or operated." in New York. fective against the patient's oancer. The national policy which allows for April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10353 the sale of American technology to our ory storage capacity at least 15 years ahead technology to the Communist superpowers Communist enemies can only be de­ of anything that a Communist computer and their satellites. maker is able to construct. Only about two Six high-technology trade associations, scribed as suicidal. These companies­ dozen of such installations even exist. Typi­ however, through their spokesmen, have using the name of free enterprise-are cal installations: The Pentagon, U.S. Air warned Congress against permitting the De­ helping our a vowed enemies toward their Force, the Atomic Energy Commission, NASA, fense Department to control transfer of goal of eliminating free enterprise. Our and the top secret National Security Agency. strategic technology. "In a civilian govern­ national leaders-using the name of Last year President Ford vetoed the exten­ ment such as ours, the control and admin­ mutual security-are arming our enemies sion of the Export Administration Act leav­ istration must reside apart from the mili­ and helping them toward their goal of ing the county without effective controls tary," demanded Peter F. Mccloskey, presi­ over export of strategic items to the Commu­ dent of the Computer and Business Equip­ world domination. nists. This meant that all restrictions on So­ ment Manufacturers' Association. It is as if these men had never learned viet bloc purchases in the U.S. have lapsed. It seems that Mccloskey and his friends that socialist dictatorships are inherently Mr. Ford, however, had issued an executive from the industry agree with W1lliam Norris parasitic and can survive only by bor­ order reimposing controls on exports under of Control Data who stated that, "Our big­ rowing or buying from the free world. authority vested in him by the War powers gest problem isn't the Soviets, its the damn They rely almost totally on the fruits of Act. The executive order placed the National Defense Department." the free enterprise system to acquire Security Council in a position of authority Businessmen should remember Lenin's even the most primitive technology. So­ to permit or decline strategic exports to the words that when it was time to hang the communists. the world's capitalists, they would trip over cialist dictatorships cannot provide the The select informed few knew what most each other in their eagerness to sell the Com­ economic atmosphere required to invent had missed: For the executive order to be­ munists the necessary ropes. a sewing machine-let alone a sophisti­ come an effective barrier to export of stra­ cated computer. It is amazing that these tegic goods, the President would have to des­ [From Human Events, Feb. 19, 1977] otherwise intelligent Americans ignore ignate the recipient country as an "enemy WILL BRZEZINSKI GIVE SOVIETS ADVANCED this fact. Again, Mr. Costick rightly country." Obviously under Henry Kissinger's COMPUTER? states: "Computer technology in the So­ detente, the President could hardly, declare Jimmy Carter's national security adviser, viet Union is almost totally dependent the Soviet Union or Red China an enemy. Zbigniew Brzezinski, is facing a major test on Western imports." Our computer in­ NUMEROUS APPLICATIONS that. could affect the future of detente: will dustry and National Security Council In the order tube, ready to pop out when he reassess the Kissinger policy of trans­ the cap was removed on Oct. 1, 1976 were ferring to the Soviet bloc sophisticated tech­ appear to be working hard to end that numerous applications for export of strategic nology with critical, strategic implications? dependence. items of critical military significance. The What's particularly worrying military and I believe that the time is long past to most important were the applications for intelligence officials ls whether Control Data reverse this national policy. The facts export of military computer systems. Corp. will be permitted to deliver to the Mr. Costick has mentioned are well On Sept. 30, 1976 President Ford and his Soviet Union the world's largest and most known to our leaders. I only reiterate National Security Council under Kissinger sophisticated computer, the Cyber 76. Con­ them here so that the American people appointed Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, in strict trol Data has closed a tentative deal with can see them and be aware of what the discretion, have approved the sale of the Con­ Moscow, and the application for an export trol Data's Cyber 73 computer system to the license is pending before the Commerce De­ triumvirate of big business, the execu­ USSR. The value of the transaction to CDC partment. But Commerce won't give the go­ tive branch, and communism has been was about $6 million and to the Soviets about ahead unless at National Security Council­ accomplishing. a 10-year leap in computer technology plus where Brzezinski, as Carter's personal aide, Lenin once said, "The imperialists are a new acquired strategic capacity. plays a key role-gives a nod of approval. so hungry for profits that they will sell On October 12, the National Security Coun­ There are several other applications by us the rope with which to hang them." cil approved the sale of two CDC Cyber 1 72 Control Data for the sale of advanced com­ He would be pleasantly surprised to see computer systems 'to Red China. The an­ puters to Communist nations, but none of that not only are -:ve selling the rope but nounced value of transaction was $6 million. the computers involved can match the stra­ Through acquisition of Cyber 172 computers tegic potential of Cyber 76. we are doing it at bargain prices. the Chinese communists gained capabilities Cyber 76, according to Miles Costick, an I, for one, do not believe that the which they have lacked before, since their expert on U.S. computer policy, is "a very American people will cooperate with computer technology is about 15 to 20 yea.rs high-speed, large volume, fourth generation Lenin's prophecy, even if big business and behind that of the United States. scientific computer which processes a phe­ the executive branch do. The stated purpose of computer sales to nomenal 100 million instructions per sec­ Related articles follow: Red China was oil exploration and earth­ ond." He stresses it "is at least 15 years quake detection. [From the Birmingham News, Feb. 13, 1977] ahead of anything that any Communist An inquiry revealed that the stated pur­ country is able to produce." Only two dozen NATIONAL SECURITY AT STAKE: U.S. COM­ pose of computer sales to the Soviet Union of these computers exist, with the bulk of PANIES WANT TO SELL COMPUTERS TO So­ was oil exploration. them installed in such sensitive m111tary VIETS However, the Pentagon and the Energy and mmtary-related agencies as the Penta­ (By Miles Costick) Research and Development Administration gon, the U..S. Air Force, the Atomic Energy (EDITOR'S NoTE.-A congressional consult­ (ERDA) objected to the sale of computers on Commission, NASA and the National Security ant, Miles Costick is the author of the book the grounds that both systems-the Cyber 73 Agency. The Economics of Detente and of the forth­ and Cyber 172-were suitable for nuclear Last year, Costick informed Human Events, coming study, The U.S.-Soviet Computer Ca­ weapons calculations for anti-submarine former President Ford vetoed the exten­ pab111ties. The following article was written warfare, for large phased-array radar to sion of the Export Administration Act, leav­ especially for The Birmingham News.) track enemy ICBMs and for other military ing the country without effective controls Jimmy Carter's national security advisor, applications. over strategic exports to the Communists. Zbigniew Brzezinski, has said that detente OBJECTIONS OVERRULED This meant that all significant restrictions must be reciprocal in order to be enduring. A number of U.S. officials confirmed that on Soviet bloc purcha-ses had collapsed. Ford, But what remains to be seen is whether the Dr. Kissinger and his assistant at the State however, reimposed the controls under au­ Carter administration will also reassess the Department, Winston Lord, prevailed over thority vested in him by the War Powers Act. Kissinger policy of transferring to the So­ the opposition of the Pentagon and ERDA. The Executive Order gave the National Secu­ viets advanced technology of critical military One Commerce Dept. official commented, rity Council a predominant role in exercising importance. "If there were no potential military applica­ authority over strategic exports. A test of this would be whether Control tions there would have been no reason to But the question is, will Brzezinski con­ Data Corp. is permitted to deliver to the So­ take a full year to review the sale . . of the tinue in the Ford-Kissinger manner? On Sep­ viet Union the world's largest strategic com­ equipment." tember 30 of last year, notes Costick, Presi­ puter the Cyber 76. The deal ha-s been closed Today, the U.S. Defense Dept. deploys about dent Ford and his National Security Coun­ and the export license application is pend­ 9,000 of the so-called general purpose com­ cil, with Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft then ful­ ing before the Commerce Dept. There are also filling the Brzezinski role, discretely ap­ several additional pending applications for puters for military purposes. The same type of computers could be used in a wide variety proved the sale of Control Data's Cyber 73 sale of military computers to the Communist computer system to the USSR. The value of governments on behalf of Control Data, IBM, of civil applications from research and de­ velopment in industry to crime control. this transaction to Control Data was about UNIVAC and Honeywell. None of the com­ $6 m1llion, but to the Soviets lt meant "a puters involved, however, can match the Obviously the national security implica­ 10-year leap in computer technology," says strategic potential of CDC's Cyber 76. tions of this trade are enormous. Concern in Costick. The stated purpose of the computer Cyber is a sensitive topic. It is a very high the United States had led the Defense De­ sale was the improvement of Soviet oil ex­ speed, large volume, advanced scientific com­ partment's Science Board task force under J. ploration. puter which processes a phenomenal 100 mil­ Fred Bucy of Texas Instruments to recom­ On October 12, the National Security Coun­ lion instructions per second, and bas a mem- mend restrictions on the transfer of strategic cll also approved the sale of two Control 10354 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 Data Cyber 172 computer systems to Red Texas Instruments' ASC and Goodyear's IBM has several other pending computer China, with a value of $6 million. Through STARAN IV) were built with the aid of sev­ orders from the Soviet Union, including a acquisition of the Cyber 172's, the Chinese eral large computers. triplex 36065 computer system for Soviet Communists, according to Costick, received In short, today's emerging technologies air traffic control, which would have obvi­ computers 15 to 20 years ahead of their own. are as dependent Qn computers as the tech­ ous military uses. Supposedly, the computer sale to Red China nologies of the first industrial revolution Other firms selling computer equipment, was to help enhance the detection of both oil were dependent on energy. know-how or manufacturing capability to and earthquakes. In the present era of technological compe­ the Soviet bloc include Singer, Dataproducts The Energy Research and Development Ad­ tition with the Soviet Union, the United and Willi Passer. ministration (ERDA) and the Pentagon ob­ States enjoys now and is expected to main­ While America would never consent to jected to the sale of both the Cyber 73 and tain a 10 to 12 year advantage in computer give complex military technology directly to the Cyber 172 on the grounds that they were technology, provided there are no ill-con­ the Soviet Union, we have entered into com­ suitable for nuclear weapons calculations, for sidered exports to the Soviet Union and other mercial and scientific agreements which have anti-submarine warfare, for large phased­ communist countries. the same effect. array radar to track enemy ICBMs and HENRY SAID YES As former Deputy Defense Secretary Wil­ for anti-ballistic missile systems. liam Clements has said, "There have been Computer technology in the Soviet Union some significant losses of advanced technol­ A number of U.S. government officials, says is almost totally dependent on Western im­ Costick, "confirmed that Dr. Kissin~r and ogy to the communist countries, particularly ports, and there are several significant fea­ in electronic and very exotic, sophisticated hds assistant at the State Department, Win­ tures of Western computer technology that ston Lord, prevailed over the opposition at machine tools." the Soviets have failed thus far to acquire. And Britain's NATO envoy, Sir John Kil­ Pentagon and ERDA." The first is mass production of high-qual­ "If there were no potential military ap­ lick, recently stated, "Clearly something is ity computer components, subsystems, and amiss when the Soviet Union's all-consuming plication," noted one Commerce Department systems. The second is reliability engineering official, "there would have been no reason military machine continues to gather speed and quality control. T'ne third is the creative and strength, while its economy is increas­ to impose safeguards on the use of the equip­ dynamism characteristic of the Western com­ ment." ingly dependent on Western exports." puter scene. Yet six high-technology trade associations There is a general consensus among the The fourth is computer software: Soviet experts, however, that there are no effec­ have warned Congress against permitting the software today is no further advanced than Department of Defense to control transfer of tive safeguards so far as application of com­ Western software was in 1960. However in­ puters is concerned. Today, the U.S. Depart­ strategic technologies. teresting Soviet work on the theory of auto­ "In a civilian government such as ours, ment of Defense deploys about 9,000 so-called matic programming may be, it has not led to general purpose computers for military pur­ the control and administration must reside software that economizes programming time apart from the military," recently demanded poses. The same type of computers are being and makes computers more accessible to used in a wide variety of civil applications Peter F. Mccloskey, president of the Com­ users. puter and Business Equipment Manufactur­ from R&D in industry, to crime control and The fifth area of weakness in Soviet com­ psychiatry. ers' Association. puters is memory storage, both internal and Control Data's William Norris puts it more "Obviously," says Costick, "the national se­ external. Even the most advantaged compu­ curity implications of this trade are enor­ bluntly, "Our biggest problem isn't the So­ ters produced in the Soviet Union and East viets, it's the damn Defense Department!" mous." And the big question today is: what Germany have acute memory problems. will Brzezinski do? If the Soviets get the The Soviets are making every effort to close Cyber 76, there will be no question as to what these gaps by buying them from us. And they direction the Carter Administration intends have scored notable successes with this strat­ JEWISH COMMUNITY RELATIONS to lead this country. egy. (They also continue to steal or illicitly COUNCIL ENDORSES ADMINIS­ buy secrets from private citizens.) TRATION STRESS ON HUMAN [From Conservative Digest, March 1977] Control Data has been one of the Soviets' RIGHTS CONSIDERATIONS SELLING ARMS TO THE ENEMY richest sources. The company recently agreed (By Miles Costick) to develop jointly with Moscow the next gen­ eration of large high-speed computers, the HON. JOSHUA EILBERG During the last four years American com­ Cyber series, and to build a plant that can OF PENNSYLVANIA panies have sold the Soviet Union more than manufacture them. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES $300 million worth of advanced computer The Cybers are high-speed, large-volume equipment-material crucial to modernizing scientific computers, suitable !or military and Monday, April 4, 1977 the Soviet military machine. intelligence operations. Only 12 such installa­ The giants of our computer industry-in­ tions exist in the world, and they belong to Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, the board cluding Control Data, IBM, Sperry-Rand and such organizations as the Atomic Energy of directors of the Jewish Community General Electric-have sent Russia and East Commission, the U.S. Air Force, NASA and Relations Council of Greater Philadel­ Europe computers, peripheral equipment, the National Security Agency. phia has just adopted a resolution en­ software and manufacturing know-how, and This Control Data-Soviet venture would dorsing the efforts of President Carter have even built computer component plants create a serious competitor for U.S. com­ and his administration to stress human for Iron Curtain countries. puter sales overseas and would sharply up­ And a major new deal that will further rights considerations in the development grade Soviet military potential. American and implementation of U.S. foreign erode U.S. security ls in the works. Late last sources in Moscow put the agreement's ulti­ year Control Data received permission from mate worth at more than $500 million. policy. the National Security Council, after inter­ In the last dozen years Control Data has This policy statement reflects JCRC's vention by Henry Kissinger, to sell very so­ sold communist countries about 40 com­ positive response to the unfolding of an phisticated computers to America's two big­ puter systems, and has established a joint American foreign policy with a strong gest enemi~. operation with Romania, which it is now ex­ human rights dimension. Jews have The Soviet Union will receive the Cyber panding to produce peripheral equipment, 7300, a large scientific computer ideal for learned from bitter experience that si­ integrated circuits and software. lence only encourages repression. There­ military applications and about 15 years The company's strategy is to increase its ahead of current Soviet computer capability. share of the communist bloc computer mar­ fore, we support our Government's deci­ And Communist China will acquire the ket, and, in combination with communist sion to speak out against threats to fun­ Cyber 172, used in the U.S. for antisubmarine computer producers, in increase penetration damental human freedoms. warfare, nuclear weapons calculations, and of the developing countries' markets. I am placing the text of this resolution large phase-array radar systems that track And Control Data has an agreement pend­ in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Mr. ICBMs. ing to manufacture 100-megabit disk mem­ Speaker, so that other Members of the Computers are essential to modern warfare. ory units in the Soviet Union, which would Congress will be a ware of this strong Computers themselves are used for both considerably enhance Soviet computer ca­ navigation and weapons guidance in modern pabilities. grassroots support for the ongoing ef­ missiles, aircraft, tanks, high-performance The granddaddy of computer companies, forts to promote international human satelllte-based surveillance systems, ABM de­ IBM has frequently sold advanced com­ rights through our foreign policy: fense systems and submarines. pute~s to the Soviet Union and its satellites. RESOLUTION OF THE JCRC OF GREATER PHILA­ And without computers modern weapons It sold the USSR what is believed to be the DELPHIA ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF HUMAN systems could not be built, integrated, largest industrial computer in the world for RIGHTS CONSIDERATION TO AMERICAN FOR­ tested, deployed, kept combat-ready or use at the Kama River truck plant, and in EIGN POLICY operated. 1974 it sold Hungary the advanced 370-155. The Jewish Community Relations Council All technologies revolutionizing warfare, This sale, which required the personal ap­ of Greater Philadelphia supports the efforts such as giros, lasers, avionics, nucleonics, proval of Kissinger, violated U.S. policy in of the carter administration to stress the propulsion and computers themselves, are that the computer was more powerful than centrality of fundamental human rights to dependent on computers. the buyer required, was unknown in the the conduct of the United States' foreign For example, the world's most advanced East, and could be copied or diverted for policy. JCRC applauds the decision of the computers (ILLIAC IV, CDC STAR-100, military purposes. administration to begin the policy of reduc- April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10355 ing foreign aid to some countries because of all economic conditions were considerably SENATE COMMITI'EE MEETINGS gross human rights violations within them. improved. By forging links between the level of Yet, Mrs. Gandhi's timing in scheduling Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, agreed American assistance and human rights con­ this election surprised everyone. She evi­ to by the Senate on February 4, 1977, siderations, the United States is beginning dently thought that the economic stimula­ calls for establishment of a system for to restore the moral authority of our foreign tion and political stability that had devel­ a computerized schedule of all meetings policy. We are declaring that a goal of Amer­ oped, as the result of her actions under the and hearings of Senate committees, sub­ ican efforts abroad is, in the words of Secre­ emergency powers, would gain her enough tary of State Cyrus R. Vance, to promote favor to give her a large majority of the vote. committees, joint committees, and com­ "social progress and human rights for indi­ However, neither the election campaign mittees of conference. This title requires viduals wherever they might be." nor the election itself turned out as she all such committees to notify the Office As a community with a long history of expected. There were major defections of of the Senate Daily Digest--designated bitter and tragic persecution, Jews have been prominent members of her Congress Party by the Ru1es Committee-of the time, particularly disturbed by the encourage­ to the opposition. And there was surprisingly place, and purpose of all meetings when ment provided to repressive governments by strong support for her opponents. scheduled, and any cancellations or the silence of the world community. The Her opposition defined the central issue as slaughter of 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazis was democracy versus dictatorship. She con­ changes in meetings as they occur. preceded by a thorough, calculated, and in­ tended that the basic issue was stability As an interim procedure until the com­ creasingly, restrictive abridgement of their versus chaos. puterization of this information becomes fundamental human freedoms. Thus, JCRC Mrs. Gandhi obviously underestimated the operational, the Office of the Senate Daily is mindful of the crucial importance of depth of concern for human rights and over­ Digest will prepare such information speaking out whenever and wherever basic estimated the political value of the benefits daily for printing in the Extensions of human rights are threatened. We agree with of her emergency measures. The values of Remarks section of the CONGRESSIONAL the words spoken by President Carter when democracy have evidently sunk deeper into he was a candidate, "Violations of basic hu­ the Indians' psyches than imagined. How­ RECORD. man rights are no longer the internal affair ever, other factors were the still high cost Any changes in committee scheduling of any one nation." of living and over-zealous enforcement of will be indicated by placement of an as­ JCRC favors the continued examination family planning programs under the aegis terisk to the left of the name of the of 1:he link between American foreign aid of her son, Sanjay. unit conducting such meetings. and the requirement to promote a commit­ So, there clearly was quite a backlash Meetings scheduled for Wednesday, ment to human rights by those who are our against the repression imposed during the April 6, 1977, may be found in the Daily partners throughout the world. Sensitivity emergency-irrespective of the benefits cre­ Digest section of today's RECORD. to considerations of human rights and fun­ ated by it. Hence, civil liberties and demo­ damental freedoms does not restrict the cratic forms were major factors in the The schedule follows: scope of American foreign policy; rather, it election. MEETINGS SCHEDULED expands it. The JCRC urges the administra­ This election was certainly a major event in APRIL 6 tion to continue employing foreign aid lever­ India's political evolution and perhaps will 9:00 a.m. age--in an imaginative, restrained, and re­ be of considerable significance beyond India. Energy and Natural Resources sponsible fashion-to express both our na­ In contrast, to cope with similar problems, Parks and Recreation Subcommittee tional commitment to fundamental Ameri­ the Chinese have been molded-without elec­ To hold hearings on S. 393, the proposed can values and also our abiding concern for toral choice-into a thought-controlled, Montana. Wilderness Study Act. human rights around the globe. highly-regimented society, with an all-per­ 1224 Dirksen Building vasive communist communal ideology dic­ 9:30 a.m. tated by the late Mao Tse Tung. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry INDIA: A DEMOCRATIC MODEL? If India can now cope effectively with her problems in a democratic, somewhat eco­ To hold hearings on the nominations of nomic free-enterprise way-with the possi­ Rupert Cutler, of Michigan, Dale Er­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO bility still that further "emergencies" may be nest Hathaway, of the District of Co­ OF CALIFORNIA declared if corruption and disruption re­ lumbia, Alex P. Mercure, of New Mex­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quire-then India will provide a valuable ico, and Robert Haldeman Meyer, model for many of the other peoples of the of California, each to be an Assistant Monday, April 4, 1977 world to emulate. They can have another Secretary of Agriculture; to be fol­ feasible, attractive alternative to Marxism. lowed by consideration of these nomi­ Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I nations and that of Howard W. Hjort, would like to bring to the attention of This turn of events in India shows again that non-communist authoritarian and dic­ of the District of Columbia, and John my colleagues the following column by tatorial regimes can evolve back to democ­ C. White, of Texas, all to be Members my constituent, Gen. Henry Huglin. Gen­ racy, if given a chance. Greece did this several of the Board of Directors of the Com­ eral Huglin is a retired Air Force briga­ years ago. Portugal has been in the throes modity Credit Corporation. dier general and syndicated columnist. of such an evolution for nearly three years, 324 Russell Building He comments on India's democratic ex­ and Spain for a year. Now India, which has Appropriations ample as an attractive alternative to had the shortest period of authoritarianism Interior Subcommittee Marxism: of any, has reverted to democracy in a re­ To resume hearings on proposed budget sounding way. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the INDIA: A DEMOCRATIC MODEL? The ability of non-communist authori­ (By Henry Huglin) Department of the Interior, to hear tarian nations reverting to or establishing Congressional witnesses. India is again a functioning democracy. democratic regimes also highlights a most S-126, Capitol The election of March 16-20--which Prime pernicious feature of communist regimes­ Minister Indira Gandhi and her Congress that the police-state control they impose is Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Party lost decisively-was a major step back so effective as to preclude any change in the To hold a hearing on the nomination from the authoritarian emergency rule which regimes by any means. of Harold Marvin Williams, of Califor­ she invoked 21 months ago. As with most of the underdeveloped na­ nia, to be a member of the Securities And India's process of rejecting authoritar­ tions, India has massive problems. Some of and Exchange Commission. ian rule may provide a good lesson and useful hers stem from religious conflict, residual ef­ 5302 Dirksen Building model for other peoples of the world. fects of the caste system, and unearned priv­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation When Mrs. Gandhi declared a state of ilege. But perhaps, above all, she has been Communications Subcommittee emergency in June 1975, she undertook to handicapped with having had imposed too To hold oversight hearings on rural tele­ guide and goad the 600 million Indians into much narrow, doctrinaire, burea.ucratically­ communications policy. reversing a trend of growing economic and stultifying socialism, which has held back political chaos. The economy was deteriorat­ the progress that could have come from a 235 Russell Building ing, with inflation at 30%, and opposition greater measure of incentive-creating free Commerce, Science, and Transportation politicians-who had never held power since enterprise. Aviation Subcommittee India gained independence 30 years ago­ The 600 million Indians have much poten­ To continue hearings on bills proposing were becoming irresponsible. tial. Their material and human resources are regulatory reform in the air transpor­ With emergency powers, which were legal­ great. What they need most are unity, dili­ tation industry, including S. 292 and ly invoked, Mrs. Gandhi suspended civil gence, and dedication to pull together, within s. 689. liberties, jailed tens of thousands, controlled 5110 Dirksen Building the press, and took many other authoritarian a functioning democracy. actions. Perhaps the Indians will now find a work­ Human Resources During the 21-month emergency rule, much able polltlcal and economic democratic for­ Subcommittee on Child and Human De­ more order was enforced, inflation was drasti­ mula. that fits their circumstances and as­ velopment cally reduced, the top-heavy and often cor­ pirations-and will, in the process, provide a. To hold hearings on the proposed exten­ rupt bureaucracy was shaken up, and over- model for other peoples. Let us hope so. sion of the Child Abuse and Preven- 10356 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 tion Treatment Act (Public Law 93- 1 :30 p.m. portation industry, including S. 292 247). Appropriations and S. 689. Until 12 :00 noon 4200 Dirksen Building Public Works Subcommittee 5110 Dirksen Building Human Resources To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Environment and Public Works Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ et estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for Subcommittee on Resource Protection mittee public works projects. To hold hearings on proposed fiscal year To hold hearings on benefl. ts from and 1114 Dirksen Building 1978 authorizations for three national technological uses of genetic engi­ 2:00 p.m. wildlife refuges: San Francisco Bay, neering-Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Appropriations Calif., Great Dismal Swamp, Va., and research. Foreign Operations Subcommittee Tinicum National Environmental Cen­ Until 3:00 p.m. 6202 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budg­ ter, Pa. Select Small Business et estimates for fl.sea.I year 1978 for 4200 Dirksen Building foreign aid programs. Human Resources Monopoly Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on alleged restric­ Subcommittee on Child and Hum.an De­ Appropriations velopment tive and anticompetitive practices in *HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ the eye glass industry. To continue hearings on the proposed tee extension of the Child Abuse and 424 Russell Building To resume hearings on proposec. budget 10:00 a.m. Prevention Treatment Act (Public estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for the Law 93-247). Appropriations Department of the Treasury, on funds 4232 Dirksen Building Foreign Operations Subcommittee for New York City financing. 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on proposed. budget 8-126 Capitol Appropriations estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for for­ Armed Services Labor-HEW Subcommittee eign aid programs, to hear public M111tary Construction Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget witnesses. To hold hearings on S. 1164, authoriz­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 1318 Dirksen Building ing funds for fiscal year 1978 for con­ Department of HEW, to receive testi­ Appropriations struction at certain military installa­ mony on research programs for and to HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee tions. aid families of deceased children suf­ To resume hearings on proposed budget 212 Russell Building fering from sudden infant death. estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for the Armed Services S-128, Capitol Consumer Product Safety Commission, Subcommittee on Research and Develop­ Appropriations Office of Consumer Affairs, and Con­ ment Military Construction Subcommittee sumer Information Center. To resume closed hearings on proposed To resume hearings on proposed budget Room to be announced m111ta.ry procurement authorizations estimates for fiscal year 1978 for m111- for fiscal year 1978 for weapons pro- tary construction programs, on funds Appropriations grams. Public Works Subcommittee for NATO and classified programs. 224 Russell Building S-146, Capitol To continue hearings on proposed budget 2:30 p.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for public Armed Services Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Research and Develop­ works projects, to hear Members of Subcommittee on African Affairs Congress and public wltne::;ses. ment To meet in closed session to receive a To resume closed hearings on proposed 1114 Dirksen Building briefing from officials of the Central Armed Services military procurement authorizations Intelligence Agency on international­ for fiscal year 1978 for weapons pro- Subcommittee on Research and Develop­ ization of local conflicts in Africa.. grams. ment 8-116, Capitol 224 Russell Building To resume closed hearings on proposed 4:30 p.m. military procurement authorizationi; Foreign Relations Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs for fiscal year 1978 for weapons pro­ Subcommittee on Arms Control, Oceans, To hold oversight hearings on the 1977 grams. and International Environment, and budget of the Federal Reserve System. 224 Russell Building Subcommittee on Foreign Assistance 5302 Dirksen Building Armed Services To meet in closed session to receive Commerce, Science, and Transportation M111tary Construction Subcommittee testimony from State Department of­ Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ To hold hearings on S. 1164, authoriz­ ficials on negotiations with Pakistan mittee ing funds for fl.seal year 1978 for con­ on nuclear programs, m111tary sales, To hold hearings on S. 1019, to authorize struction at certain mllitary installa­ and economic assistance. funds for fiscal years 1978 and 1979 tions. 4221 Dirksen Building for certain maritime programs. 212 Russell Building APRIL 7 235 Russell Building 8:00 a.m. Energy and Natural Resources Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Energy and Natural Resources To mark up S. 305, to require ls.suers Subcommittee on Energy Production and Subcommittee on Public Lands and Re­ Supply of registered securities to keep accu­ sources rate records, and to prohibit the pay­ To continue hearings on S. 977, to con­ To resume consideration of S. 7, to es­ serve gas and oil by fostering increased ment of overseas bribes by any U.S. tablish in the Department of Interior business concern. utilization of coal in electric generat­ an Office of Surface Mining Reclama­ ing fac111ties and in major industrial 6302 Dirksen BuHding tion and Enforcement to administer Budget installations. programs to control surface coal min­ 3110 Dirksen Building To mark up proposed first concurrent ing operations. Select Intelligence resolution setting forth recommended 3110 Dirksen Building levels of total budget outlays, Federal 9:00a.m. To hold a closed hearing on proposed revenues, and new budget authority. fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Government intelligence activities. 357 Russell Building To hold hearings to receive testimony Governmental Affairs 8-407, Capitol on the adm.inistration's proposals rela­ Special Aging Subcommittee on Energy, Nuclear Prolif­ tive to the food stamp program. eration, and Federal Services 322 Russell Building To continue hearings on the impact on To continue hearings on S. 897, to Foreign Relations older Americans of rising energy costs. strengthen U.S. policies on nuclear Subcommittee on Foreign Economic Policy 1224 Dirksen Building nonproliferation, and to reorganize To resume, in closed session, oversight 10:30 a..m. certain nuclear export functions. hearings on major international eco­ Foreign Relations 3302 Dirksen Building nomic issues facing the United States. Subcommittee on Foreign Assistance Human Resources 8-116, Capitol To mark up proposed legislation author­ Subcommittee on Labor 9:30 a.m. izing funds for fiscal year 1978 for bi­ To continue oversight hearings on the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs lateral development assistance. administration of the Black Lung To hold a hearing on the nomination of 6202 Dirksen Building Benefits program. . Chester Crawford McGuire, of Cali­ 1:00 p.m. Until: 1 :00 p.m. 4332 Dirksen Building fornia, to be an Assistant Secretary of Foreign Relations Select Intelligence Housing. and Urban Development. Subcommittee on Near Ea.stern and South •subcommittee on the Budget 5302 Dirksen Building Asian Affairs To hold a closed hearing on proposed Commerce, Science and Transportation To meet in closed session to receive a fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Aviation Subcommittee briefing from the Central Intelligence Government intelligence activities. To continue hearings on bills proposing Agency on the situation in Lebanon. 8-407, Capitol regulatory reform in the air trans- S-116, Capitol April 4, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 10357

2:00 p.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To receive testimony on a GAO study Armed Services Federal Aviation Administration. alleging inaccurate financial records of Subcommittee on Research and Develop­ 1224 Dirksen Building the Federal flood insurance program. ment Commerce, Science, and Technology 6226 Dirksen Building To resume closed hearings on proposed Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ Judiciary military procurement authorizations mittee To continue hearings on S. 825, to foster for fiscal year 1978 for weapons pro- To hold hearings on S. 126, to establish competition and consumer protection grams. an Earthquake Hazards Reduction policies in the development of prod­ 224 Russell Building Program. uct standards. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 5110 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on the nomination of *Energy and Natural Resources Select Small Business Dr. Frank Press, of Massachusetts, to To resume hearings on S. 9, to establish To hold hearings on s. 872, to authorize be Director of the Office of Science and a policy for the management of oil and the Small Business Administration to Technology Policy. natural gas in the Outer Continental make grants to support the develop­ 5110 Dirksen Building Shelf. ment and operation of small business •commerce, Science, and Transportation 3110 Dirksen Building development centers. Environment and Public Works 424 Russell Building Surface Transportation Subcommittee To resume hearings on the proposed re­ To hold hearings on S. 562, the proposed placement of Lock and Dam 26, Alton, APRIL 21 Union Station Improvement Act. 9:00 a..m. 235 Russell Building Ill. 4200 Dirksen Building .Judiciary APRIL 8 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency 8:00 a.m. To hold hearings on S. 1021 and S. 1218, Energy and Natural Resources Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue hearings on proposed hous­ to a.mend and extend, through fiscal Subcommittee on Public Lands and Re­ year 1980, programs under the Juvenile sources ing and community development leg­ islation with a. view to reporting its Justice and Delinquency Prevention To continue consideration of S. 7, to Act. establish in the Department of Interior final recommendations thereon to the Budget Committee by May 15. 2228 Dirksen Building an Office of Surface Mining Reclama­ 10:00 a..m. tion and Enforcement to a.d.minister 5302 Dirksen Building programs to control surface coal min­ Consumer Subcommittee Appropriations ing operations. To hold oversight hearings on activities Interior Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building of the Consumer Product Safety Com­ To continue hearings on proposed budget 9:00 a.m. mission. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Governmental Affairs 235 Russell Building Department of the Interior and related To continue hearings on S. 826, to estab­ Governmental Affairs agencies, to hear public witnesses. lish a Department of Energy in the Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and 1114 Dirksen Building Federal Government to direct a co­ Management Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs ordinated national energy policy. To hold hearings to review the processes by which accounting and auditing To continue hearings on proposed hous­ APRIL 11 practices and procedures, promulgated ing and community development legis­ 10:00 a.m. or approved by the Federal Govern­ lation with a view to reporting its final Governmental Affairs ment, a.re established. recommendations thereon to the Subcommittee on Governmental Efficiency 3302 Dirksen Building Budget Committee by May 15. To receive testimony on a GAO study Judiciary 5302 Dirksen Building alleging inaccurate financial records of To continue hearings on S. 825, to foster Commerce, Science, and Technology the Federal flood insurance program. competition and consumer protection Consumer Subcommittee 6226 Dirksen Building policies in the development of prod­ To continue oversight hearings on ac­ APRIL 18 uct standards. tivities of the Consumer Product 10:00 a.m. 2228 Dirksen Building Safety Commission. Appropriations 3:00 p.m. 5110 Dirksen Bullding HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Appropria.tions Energy and Natural Resources To resume hearings on proposed budget HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation estimates for fiscal yea.r 1978 for the To continue hearings on proposed budg­ To hold hearings on S. 658, to designate Department of Housing and Urban et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the certain lands in Oregon for inclusion Development and Independent Agen­ Department of Housing and Urban in the National Wilderness Preserva­ cies, to hear public witnesses. Development, to hear public wit­ tion System. 1318 Dirksen Building nesses. 1318 Dirksen Building Room to be announced Banking, Housing, and Urba.n Affairs APRIL 20 Environment and Public Works To hold hearings on proposed housing Subcommittee on Resource Protection and community development legisla­ 9:30 a.m. Environment and Public Works To hold hearings on proposed legislation tion with a view to reporting its final authorizing funds to the States to ex­ recommendations thereon to the Water Resources Subcommittee To continue hearings on the proposed tend the Endangered Species Act Budget Committee by May 5. through 1980. 5302 Dirksen Building replacement of Lock and Dam 26, Al­ 4200 Dirksen Building Environment and Public Works ton, Ill. Water Resources Subcommittee 4200 Dirksen Building Governmental Affairs To resume hearings on national water 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Governmental Efficiency policy in view of current drought Appropria.tions To receive testimony on a. GAO study al­ situations. Interior Subcommittee leging inaccurate financial records of 4200 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budget the Federal flood insurance program. Judiciary estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 6226 Dirksen Bullding Department of the Interior and re­ Governmental Affairs To hold hearings on S. 825, to foster lated agencies, to hear public wit­ competition and consumer protection nesses. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and policies in the development of prod­ Management 1114 Dirksen Building uct standards. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue hearings to review the proc­ 2228 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed hous­ esses by which accounting and audit­ APRIL 19 ing and community development legis­ ing practices and procedures, promul­ 9:30 a..m. lation with a view to reporting its final gated or approved by the Federal Gov­ Appropriations recommendations thereon to the ernment, a.re established. Interior Subcommittee Budget Committee by May 15. 3302 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on proposed budget 5302 Dirksen Building APRIL 22 estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Commerce. Science, and Technology 10:00 a..m. Department of the Interior and Re­ Consumer Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs lated Agencies, to hear public wit­ To continue oversight hearings on ac­ To continue hearings on proposed hous­ nesses. tivities of the Consumer Product Safe­ ing and community development legis­ 1114 Dirksen Building ty Commission. lation with a view to reporting its final Appropriations 235 Russell Building recommendations thereon to the Budg­ Transportation Subcommittee Governmental Affairs et Committee by May 15. To resume hearings on proposed budget Subcommittee on Governmental Efficiency 5302 Dirksen Building 10358 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 4, 1977 APRIL 25 To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 9:30 a.m. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To consider all proposed legislation un­ Appropriations Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ Interior Subcommittee tration. porting its final recommendations to To resume hearings on proposed budget 1224 Dirksen Building the Budget Committee by May 15. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building Forest Service. Consumer Affairs Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation 1114 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 656, S. 918, Consumer Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. and S. 1130, to amend the Consumer To continue hearings on proposed legis­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Protection Act to prohibit abusive lation amending the Federal Trade Consumer Affairs Subcommittee practices by independent debt col­ Commission Act. To hold hearings on S. 656, S. 918, and lectors. 235 Russell Building S. 1130, to amend the Consumer Pro­ 5302 Dirksen Building MAY 5 tection Act to prohibit abusive prac­ Commerce, Science, and Technology 9:00a.m. tices by independent debt collectors. Consumer Subcommittee Veterans' Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 403, the pro­ Subcommittee on Housing, Insurance, and Commerce, Science, and Transportation posed National Product Liabllity In­ Cemeteries Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ surance Act. To continue hearings on S. 718, to pro­ mittee 5110 Dirksen Building vide veterans with certain cost infor­ To hold hearings on proposed budget APRIL 28 mation on conversion of Government estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 10:00 a.m. supervised insurance to individual life Coast Guard. Appropriations insurance policies. 5110 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee Until: 12 noon 6202 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources To continue hearings on proposed budg­ 10:00 a.m. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for To resume hearings on S. 9, to establish Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs a policy for the management of oil the National Highway Traffic Safety and natural gas in the Outer Con­ Administration. To consider all proposed legislation un­ tinental Shelf. 1224 Dirksen Building der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ 3110 Dirksen Building porting its final recommendations to Commerce, Science, and Technology the Budget Committee by May 15. Judiciary Consumer Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 825, to foster To continue hearings on S. 403, the pro­ 5302 Dirksen Building competition and consumer protection posed National Product Liability In­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation policies in the development of product surance Act. Consumer Subcommittee standards. 5110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 957, designed to 222·8 Dirksen Building Environment and Public Works promote methods by which contro­ . APRIL 26 Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee versies involving consumers may be 9:30 a.m. To resume hearings on proposed fiscal resolved. Select Small Business year 1978 authorizations for the Nu­ 5110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on problems of small clear Regulatory Commission. MAY 6 business as they relate to product 4200 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. liability. APRIL 29 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 1202 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. To consider all proposed legislation un­ Select Small Business Commerce, Science, and Transportation To resume hearings on S. 972, to author­ der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ Consumer Subcommittee porting its final recommendations to ize the Small Business Administration To continue hearings on S. 403, the pro­ to make grants to support the devel­ the Budget Committee on May 15. posed National Product Liability In­ 5302 Dirksen Building opment and operation of small busi­ surance Act. ness development centers. 5110 Dirksen Building MAY 9 424 Russell Building Energy and Natural Resources 9:30a.m. 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation Commerce, Science, and Transportation Appropriations To hold hearings on S. 1125, authorizing Communications Subcommittee Transportation Subcommittee the establishment of the Eleanor To hold oversight hearings on the To resume hearings on proposed budget Roosevelt National Historic Site in broadcasting industry, including net­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Hyde Park, N.Y. work licensing, advertising, violence Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ 3110 Dirksen Building on TV, etc. tration. MAY3 235 Russell Building 1224 Dirksen Building 9:00 a.m. MAY 10 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Veterans' Affairs 9:30a.m. Consumer Affairs Subcommittee Subcommittee on Housing, Insurance, and Commerce, Science, and Transportation To continue hearings on S. 656, S. 918, Cemeteries Communications Subcommittee and S. 1130, to amend the Consumer To hold hearings on S. 718, to provide To continue oversight hearings on the Protection Act to prohibit abusive veterans with certain cost informa­ broadcasting industry, including net­ practices by independent debt collec­ tion on conversion of Government work licensing, advertising, violence tors. supervised insurance to individual life on TV,etc. 5302 Dirksen Building insurance policies. 235 Russell Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation Until: 12 noon 6202 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ 10:0.0 a.m. Appropriations mittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings to receive testimony in To hold oversig1llt hearings on U.S. mone­ To resume hearings on proposed budget connection with delays and conges­ tary policy. estimate for fl.seal year 1976 for the tion occurring at U.S. airports-of­ 5302 Dirksen Building Federal Railroad Administration entry. (Northeast Corridor). Commerce, Science, and Technology 1224 Dirksen Building 235 Russeu Building Consumer Subcommittee 2:00p.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To hold hearings on proposed legisla­ To resume oversight hearings on U.S. Appropriations tion amending the Federal Trade Com­ monetary policy. Transportation Subcommittee mission Act. 5302 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on proposed budget 235 Russell Building Governmental Affairs estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for the MAY 4 Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and National Highway Traffic Safety Ad­ 10:00 a.m. Management ministration. Appropriations To resume bearings to review the proc­ 1224 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee esses by which accounting and audit­ APRIL 27 To resume hearings on proposed budget ing practices and procedures, promul­ 10:00 a.m. estimates for fl.seal year 1978 for the gated or approved by the Federal Gov­ Appropriations Federal Highway Administration. ernment, a.re established. Transportation Subcommittee 1224 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building April 5, 1977 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 10359

MAY 11 to hear Secretary of Transportation JUNE 14 9:30 a.m. Adams. 9:30 a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 1224 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation Communications Subcommittee MAY 24 Communications Subcommittee To continue oversight hearings on the 10:00 a.m. To continue oversight hearings on the broadcasting industry, including net­ cable TV system. work licensing, advertising, violence Governmental Affairs 235 Russell Building Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and on TV, etc. JUNE 15 235 Russell Building Management To resume hearings to review the proc­ 9:30 a.m. MAY 12 esses by which accounting and audit­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation 10:00 a.m. ing practices and procedures, promul­ Communications Subcommittee Governmental Affairs gated or approved by the Federal Gov­ To continue oversight hearings on the Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and ernment, are established. cable TV system. Management 3302 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building To continue he.a.rings to review the proc­ esses by which accounting and audit­ MAY 26 CANCELLATIONS ing practices and procedures, promul­ 10:00 a.m. APRIL 6 gated or approved by the Federal Gov­ Governmental Affairs 10:00 a.m. ernment, are established. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and Energy and Natural Resources 3302 Dirksen Building Management Subcommittee on Energy Conserva,tion and MAY 18 To continue hearings to review the proc­ Regulation 10:00 a.m. esses by which accounting and audit­ To continue oversight hearings to de­ Appropriations ing practices and procedures, promul­ termine status of national efforts in Transportation Subcommittee gated or approved by the Federal Gov­ energy conservation. To hold hearings on proposed budget ernment, are established. 3110 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for DOT, 3302 Dirksen Building APRIL 7 to hear Secretary of Transportation JUNE 13 11:00 a.m. Adams. 9:30 a.m. Foreign Relations 1224 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation 2:00 p.m. Subcommittee on International Operations Appropriations Communications Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed fiscal year Transportation Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the cable 1978 authorizations for the Depart­ To continue hearings on proposed budget TV system. ment of State. estimates for fisoal year 1978 for DOT, 235 Russell Building 4421 Dirksen Building

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, April 5, 1977 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. that the Senate agrees to the amend­ JOSEPH CATANIA, COMMISSIONER, Rev. Floyd H. Gayles, St. James Bap­ ment of the House to a bill of the Sen­ BUCKS COUNTY, PA., WELCOMED tist Church, Washington, D.C., offered ate of the following title: TO WASHINGTON the following prayer: s. 925. An act to provide temporary ,au­ thorities to the Secretary of ibhe Interior to (Mr. KOSTMAYER asked and was The Lord will give strength unto His facilitate emergency actions to mltiga.te the given permission to address the House people, the Lord will bless His people impacts of the 1976-77 drought. for 1 minute and to revise and extend his with peace.-Psalms 29: 11. remarks.) • o God our Father, we thank Thee for The message also announced that the Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, no this another day. We are grateful for Senate had passed a bill of the following one need impress upon the Members of Your abiding faith in these troublesome title, in which the concurrence of the the House the importance and value of times. We ask of Thee if Thou would House is requested: local government officials to our system abide with us today as we serve our S. 266. An act to amend Public Law 92-314 of government in America. Nation-a calling to fulfill. Give us more to ,authorize aippropriations :to rthe Energy Many of my colleagues have distin­ love for Thee and our fellow man. Bless Research rand Development Administration guished themselves in local government the President of this great Nation, the for financial assistance to limit ra.ciiration ex­ positions prior to their serving here. Speaker of the House, and Members of posure from uranium mill tailings used for Today I take pleasure in welcoming to this Congress. As we wait upon Thee, construction, and for other purposes. Washington and to the House a dear grant unto us light to guide us, strength personal friend of mine who too has dis­ to sustain us, and wisdom to help us, tinguished himself while serving as a that we may be true servants of Thine PROBLEMS OF INFLATION INDUCED county commissioner in my home of and always devoted to our country. We BY CERTAIN FEDERAL GOVERN­ Bucks County in southeastern Pennsyl­ thank You for the way Thou hast pro­ MENT ACTIONS vania. vided for the welfare and care of all of Official business brings the Honorable us. (Mr. BOLLING asked and was given Joseph Catania and his wife, Elaine, to And now may the blessing of God Al­ permission to address the House for 1 Washington this week and I am honored mighty, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit be minute and to revise and extend his to welcome them to the beginning of our with us through Christ. Amen. remarks.) session today and have their presence Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, the com­ acknowledged by my distinguished col­ mittee I have the honor of chairing, the leagues. I hope their trip is both pleas­ THE JOURNAL Joint Economic Committee, has a re­ ant and productive and that they enjoy The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ sponsibility to look ahead and see some the session. amined the Journal of the last day's of the problems that may confront us, Thank you, Mr. Speaker. proceedings and announces to the House and later this afternoon, at the conclu­ his approval thereof. sion of today's legislative business, I hope Without objection, the Journal stands PERSONAL EXPLANATION approved. to address the House for a few minutes (Mr. EVANS of Delaware asked and There was no objection. on one of those problems, which is actu­ was given permission to address the ally an accumulation of problems. It is House for 1 minute, and to revise and ex­ the problem of inflation which may be tend his remarks.) MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE induced by certain Federal Government Mr. EVANS of Delaware. Mr. Speaker, A message from the Senate by Mr. actions and a possible way of dealing yesterday, as I think most of my col­ Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced with that. leagues know, I participated fully in the CXXIlI-652-Part 9