Klebstoffe Für Die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben

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Klebstoffe Für Die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Kölner Beiträge zur Restaurierung und Konservierung von Kunst- und Kulturgut Digitale Edition Band 1 Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Lena Reuber 2010 CICS (Institut für Restaurierungs- und Konservierungswissenschaft) Köln Lena Reuber Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Kölner Beiträge zur Restaurierung und Konservierung von Kunst- und Kulturgut Digitale Edition Band 1 2010 Herausgeber: Fachhochschule Köln Institut für Restaurierungs- und Konservierungswissenschaft (CICS) Ubierring 40, D-50678 Köln Satz / Realisierung des Layouts: H. Portsteffen Dieser Band basiert auf der Diplomarbeit von Lena Reuber (2008), betreut durch Prof. Dipl. Rest. Hans Portsteffen und Dipl. Rest. Petra Demuth © Lena Reuber 2 Lena Reuber Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Vorwort Die Technik der Rissverklebung zur Behandlung von Rissen an textilen Bildträgern bedarf trotz aller grundlegender Erfahrungen weiterer nachhaltiger Forschung. Seit Jahren widmet sich die Studienrichtung Restaurierung und Konservierung von Gemälden, Skulpturen und Moderner Kunst am CICS (Cologne Institut of Conservation Sciences) diesem Forschungszweig intensiv. Wesentliche Schwerpunkte bilden dabei die Klebstoffwahl in Abhängigkeit von der Faserart sowie die Haltbarkeit der Verklebung insbesondere unter wechselnden klimatischen Bedingungen. Mit der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit präsentiert Lena Reuber die Ergebnisse von Klebstofftests für die Einzelfadenverklebung. Durch den Vergleich der Höchstzugkraft von über 6000 verklebten Leinenfäden sind nunmehr erstmals in dieser Tiefe aussagekräftige und praxisrelevante Daten ermittelt worden. Somit stellt diese Arbeit unseren ersten wichtigen Meilenstein dar. Namentlich sei an dieser Stelle Lena Reuber, Petra Demuth und Elisabeth Jägers für ihr Engagement und die intensive Zusammenarbeit herzlich gedankt. Die Publikation enthält die vollständige Diplomarbeit, gekürzt wurden lediglich einige Teile des Anhangs. Mit der gewählten Form des e-books möchte das Institut für Restaurierungs- und Konservierungswissenschaft die Reihe der Kölner Beitrag durch eine weitere Publikationsreihe ergänzen und mit der digitalen Edition die Frequenz der Veröffentlichungen von Restaurierungs- und Forschungsprojekten, die an der Fachhochschule Köln stattfinden, erhöhen. H.P. 3 Lena Reuber Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Kurzzusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit werden Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinenfäden getestet. Als Grundlage werden die Eigenschaften von ausgewählten Klebstoffen und von Leinenfäden vorgestellt. Es wurden Zugversuche mit 25 Klebstoffen an insgesamt über 6.000 Fäden durchgeführt. Mit den Klebstoffen Störleim-Weizenstärkekleister, Mowilith D50, Polyamid 5065 und einem Epoxidharz erfolgten weitergehende Versuche. Dabei wurde zusätzlich die Abhängigkeit der Zugbeständigkeit von der verklebenden Person getestet. Außerdem wurden aufgespannte verklebte Leinenfäden wechselnden klimatischen Bedingungen ausgesetzt und deren Zugbeständigkeit in „normalem“, extrem trockenem und extrem feuchtem Klima geprüft. Die Arbeit schließt mit einer Diskussion anhand einer Versuchsreihe zur Übertragbarkeit der Ergebnisse auf Klebungen in Gewebestrukturen. Die Ergebnisse werden durch Diagramme veranschaulicht und geben Hinweise für die Umsetzung bei der Einzelfadenverklebung am textilen Bildträger. Abstract In this diploma thesis adhesives for thread-by-thread tear mending of linen yarn are tested. Basic understanding of adhesive and linen characteristics is provided. Tensile tests were carried out with 25 adhesives at altogether over 6,000 threads. Further investigations were carried out with sturgeon glue-wheat starch, Mowilith D50, Polyamid 5065 and an epoxy resin. Additionally the dependency of the adhesive bond on the single user was tested. Moreover stretched pieces of glue joined linen yarn were exposed to changing climatic conditions. Subsequently tensile stiffness and strength in “normal”, extremely dry as well as extremely humid climate was tested. In conclusion the transferability of the results to adhesive bonds in lined canvas was discussed on the basis of a final test run. The results are presented in graphs and are discussed and give precious hints for mending tears in textile painting supports. 4 Lena Reuber Klebstoffe für die Rissverklebung an Leinengeweben Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung ................................................................................................................................................6 2 Aktueller Stand der Rissverklebung.................................................................................................................6 2.1 Begriffsdefinitionen.............................................................................................................................7 2.2 Forschungsstand in der Literatur .........................................................................................................7 2.3 Bisher gebräuchliche Klebstoffe..........................................................................................................8 3 Leinenfäden ..............................................................................................................................................10 4 Klebemittel ..............................................................................................................................................14 4.1 Theoretische Grundlagen der Fadenverklebung ................................................................................14 4.2 Kriterien für die Klebstoffauswahl ....................................................................................................17 4.3 Eigenschaften ausgewählter Materialien ...........................................................................................20 4.3.1 Störleim.................................................................................................................................21 4.3.2 Stärkekleister.........................................................................................................................26 4.2.3 Junfunori ...............................................................................................................................28 4.3.4 Aquazol.................................................................................................................................30 4.3.5 Celluloseether........................................................................................................................33 4.3.6 Polyvinylacetate....................................................................................................................36 4.3.7 Acrylate.................................................................................................................................39 4.3.8 Polyamide .............................................................................................................................42 4.3.9 Beva 371 ...............................................................................................................................44 4.3.10 Epoxidharz ...........................................................................................................................44 5 Zugversuche an Einzelfäden ..........................................................................................................................46 5.1 Versuchsaufbau........................................................................................................................................47 5.1.1 Vorbereitung der Prüflinge....................................................................................................47 5.1.2 Zugprüfung ...........................................................................................................................49 5.1.3 Klimabelastung .....................................................................................................................50 5.2 Zugbelastung der Klebstoffe im Vergleich ..............................................................................................52 5.2.1 Acryldispersionen .................................................................................................................55 5.2.2 Schmelzklebstoffe ................................................................................................................58 5.2.3 Mod. Störleim-Lösungen und deren Einzelkomponenten .....................................................61 5.2.4 Polyvinylacetatdispersionen..................................................................................................65 5.2.5 Epoxidharz ............................................................................................................................68 5.2.6 Vergleich mit den Daten von Heiber ....................................................................................69 5.3 Zugbelastung im personenbezogenen Versuch ........................................................................................70 5.3.1 Störleim-Weizenstärkekleister ..............................................................................................70 5.3.2 Mowilith D5..........................................................................................................................71 5.3.3 Polyamid ...............................................................................................................................72 5.3.4 Epoxid...................................................................................................................................73
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