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Nuts and Volts WWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.RO Cover.qxd 4/9/2008 6:07 PM Page 1 Vol. 29 No. 5 NUTS & VOLTS SLOT CARS • • BUTTERFLY BROADCAS Full Page.qxd 12/4/2007 4:26 PM Page 2 WWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.RO Full Page.qxd 12/4/2007 2:26 PM Page 3 WWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.RO Full Page.qxd 4/7/2008 1:21 PM Page 4 WWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.RO Let your geek shine. Meet Leah Buechley, developer of LilyPad—a sew-able microcontroller—and fellow geek. Leah used SparkFun products and services while she developed her LilyPad prototype. The tools are out there, from LEDs to conductive thread, tutorials to affordable PCB fabrication, and of course Leah’s LilyPad. Find the resources you need to let your geek shine too. »Sharing Ingenuity SPAR K FUN.COM ©2008 SparkFun Electronics, Inc. All rights reserved. Full Page.qxd 3/5/2008 12:22 PM Page 5 SERIAL TO ETHERNET SOLUTIONS Simple Ethernet connectivity for serial devices Works out of the box - no programming is required Device P/N: SB70-100CR Customize to suit any Kit P/N: NNDK-SB70-KIT application with low-cost $69 SB70 WWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.ROdevelopment kit 2-port serial-to-Ethernet server Features: Qty. 100 WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.ROwith TTL support 10/100 Ethernet TCP/UDP mode DHCP/Static IP Support Data rates up to 921.6kbps Web-based configuration Need a custom solution? NetBurner Serial to Ethernet Development Kits are available Device P/N: SB72-EX-100CR to customize any aspect of Kit P/N: NNDK-SB72EX-KIT operation including web pages, data filtering, or custom network SB72EX $139 applications. All kits include 2-port serial-to-Ethernet server platform hardware, ANSI C/C++ Qty. 100 with RS-232 & RS-485/422 support compiler, TCP/IP stack, web server, e-mail protocols, RTOS, flash file system, Eclipse IDE, debugger, cables and power supply. Device P/N: PK70EX-232CR Information and Sales | [email protected] Kit P/N: NNDK-PK70EX232-KIT Web | www.netburner.com $269 PK70EX232 Telephone | 1-800-695-6828 4-port serial-to-Ethernet server Qty. 100 with RS-232 support TOC May08.qxd 4/9/2008 5:12 PM Page 6 MAY 2008 www.nutsvolts.com ProjectsWWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO 34 BUTTERFLY BROADCASTER WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.ROMP3 players are great when you’re wearing earphones. Wouldn’t it be nice, though, to listen through your home or car stereo? Well, now you can! ■ By Jay Carter ●●●● Advanced Level Page 34 40 BUILD A VOICE CHANGER Use this simple device to mystify and confuse family and friends. ■ By Jim Stewart ●●●● Advanced Level 46 MICROCONTROLLERS GIVE SLOT CARS A BOOST Give yourself an advantage in the turns and on the straight-aways next time you’re racing. ■ By John Mouton ●●●● Advanced Level 52 THE FREEZE FOUNTAIN Make water stand still with this tabletop fountain and learn a little about science in the process. ■ By Dan Danknick ●●●● Advanced Level Page 52 Be sure to check the Nuts & Volts website for downloads that go along with these projects. Nuts & Volts (ISSN 1528-9885/CDN Pub Agree #40702530) is published monthly for $24.95 per year by T & L Publications, Inc., 430 Princeland Court, Corona, CA 92879. PERIODICALS POSTAGE PAID AT CORONA, CA AND AT ADDITIONAL MAILING OFFICES. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Nuts & Volts, P.O. Box 15277, North Hollywood, CA 91615 or Station A, P.O. Box 54,Windsor ON N9A 6J5; [email protected]. 6 May 2008 TOC May08.qxd 4/9/2008 5:50 PM Page 7 Features 60 BECOME A SCHEMATIC FANATIC 72 DESIGNERS GUIDE TO RELIABLE Don’t let a few crazy looking symbols OSCILLATORS AND TIMERS prevent you from attempting and/or Crystals that make the world go ’round. completing a project. ■ By Norm Looper ■ By Evan Woolley 67 ACCESS SERIAL PORTSWWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO WITH PICBASIC Learn about a companion program for a “HOW TO” BASICS WWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.ROPIC that detects received commands, Watch for articles with this banner that will takes requested actions, and sends cover the basics of electronics for newbies and responses. Also find out how to use an be good refreshers for seasoned DIYers. RS-422 interface to create serial links as long as 4,000 feet. ■ By Jan Axelson Page 84 Columns 12 TECHKNOWLEDGEY 2008 Events, Advances, and News Topics covered include free custom radio, eco-friendly speakers, a new IBM mainframe, and snapshots from a reactor, just to name a few. 16 STAMP APPLICATIONS Putting the Spotlight on BASIC Stamp Projects, Hints & Tips More surplus success with Vex. 24 Q&A Reader Questions Answered Here DC motor parameters, HD radio, frequency divider, more. 78 PERSONAL ROBOTICS Understanding, Designing & Constructing Robots A droid of your own. Page 78 Page 12 84 NEAR SPACE Approaching the Final Frontier 2007 Spaceward Games: Part 2. Departments 88 THE DESIGN CYCLE Advanced Techniques for Design Engineers Building a CPLD Development Kit. 08 DEVELOPING 56 ELECTRO-NET 96 GETTING STARTED WITH PICs PERSPECTIVES 102 CLASSIFIEDS The Latest in Programming Microcontrollers 10 READER FEEDBACK 104 NV WEBSTORE Getting started with the PICBASIC PRO 30 NEW PRODUCTS 110 TECH FORUM compiler and MPLAB IDE. 32 SHOWCASE 113 AD INDEX May 2008 7 DevPerspectives.qxd 4/9/2008 5:42 PM Page 8 DEVELOPING by Bryan Bergeron, Editor PERSPECTIVES Going Green with LEDs indentation for the bulb in the aluminum reflector. The only downside to this arrangement is that the head is a bit ave you ever done the right thing for the wrong heavier than before, and I have to tighten the tension on Hreason? When I explored the option of replacing the the supporting arm to keep it from drooping. halogen bulb in my Electrix magnifying work lamp with One of the challenges of maximizing the longevity of LEDs, I was simply tired of singeing my knuckles when LEDs is avoiding high temperatures. For this reason, I working on SMT components, and couldn’tWWW.GiURUMELE.Hi2.RO find a elected to use a thermal epoxy (see Figure 4) to mount compact fluorescent to fit the bulb socket. I was also the LEDs instead of using hardware. Sold by LED Supply looking for an excuse to work with the new high-intensity under the brand Arctic Silver Thermal Adhesive, the ther- LEDs on the market. Of course, the ‘right reason’ to make mal epoxy ($13) makes short work of mounting the LEDs. theWWW.RADiOSCAMATORUL.Hi2.RO move would have been increased efficiency and an The epoxy has a five-minute working time, and you don’t associated reduction in greenhouse gases. have to worry about drilling a dozen holes and possibly Figure 1 shows my work lamp before the LED over-tightening a bolt and shattering an LED mount. With modification. A 100W halogen bulb sits recessed in an the thermal epoxy, the LEDs run warm to the touch, even aluminum reflector. Figure 2 shows the lamp after the after hours of operation. LED mod, with four LEDs flush mounted on a 2 mm thick Using my Sekonic light meter, I determined that the aluminum sheet. light output is only about a quarter of original output with Figure 3 shows the upgrade components — a 24 VAC the halogen bulb. However, the lamp provides more than output transformer, four high-power white LEDs, and a adequate illumination. In addition, it’s cool, the light is constant current supply. The LEDs are 05027-PW14, white, and I can work with the LEDs a millimeter from my White High Current K2 Star LEDs, available from hand in total comfort. www.LEDSupply.com. The $7.50 LEDs produce 100 From a purely economic standpoint, the conversion lumens @ 1,000 mA at 3.85V, and a brilliant white 6,500K was costly: $32 for the LEDs, $15 for the constant current color temperature. The constant current supply is a 1,000 supply, $10 for the transformer, and a scrap piece of mA BuckPuck, also available from www.LEDSupply.com. aluminum. However, the LEDs will outlast several of the Although both AC and DC supplies are available, I chose $25 halogen bulbs required by the original lamp design an AC model (03021-a-1-1000 - $15) because I had an and consume significantly less energy. In addition, I now extra transformer in my parts box. The BuckPuck accepts have a pure white light source that’s perfect for close-up 7-24 VAC input and produces a constant 1,000 mA video and still camera work. output. An added feature of this model is a trimpot output Several years ago, I made the move from incandescent adjustment for varying the light intensity. bulbs to daylight compact fluorescents, primarily for Wiring the LEDs is simply a matter of stringing the the white light, and I haven’t looked back. For many LEDs in series and attaching the appropriate polarity of consumers interested in going green, LEDs, halogens the constant current supply to the string. I stuffed the bulbs, and compact fluorescent bulbs are becoming more transformer and constant current supply in the head of the popular as the price for these alternative light sources lamp, in the space that was previously occupied by the drops. Eventually, the move away from incandescents will be mandatory. According to a congressional bill passed in December 2007, traditional incandescent light bulbs will begin to be phased out in 2012, with a complete ban finalized in 2014. Under the measure, all light bulbs must FIGURE 1. Work lamp FIGURE 2.
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