Catalogue of Egyptian Antiquities in National Museum. 465

CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 465

CATALOGUE OF THE EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN THE NATIONAL MUSEU ANTIQUITIESF MO , EDINBURGH. BY . MURRAY MisA . M s .

AMULETS.

Amulets were use protectios da n from evi r e livinlfo th bot d r gan fo h amulete deade e livinth Th th e difficulr . ar gsfo distinguisho t t t i t bu , is fairly certain-that many of the scarabs, and all figures of gods, the sacred animals, and the ankh and nefer signs, with a hole or ring for e livingsuspension th werd f o an , e e persoe hunus th ,e n gwerno th r efo as pendants on bead necklaces. The specific use of the amulets for the dea stils di l obscure theid an , r position mumme th n o s y often vary con- siderably.1 The materials also vary greatly, stone and glazed pottery bein commoneste gth mann I . y amulets, thoug materiae hth l variese th , colour is fixed, e.g., the Sacrificed Ox is always red, the Two Fingers always blac verr ko y dark Papyrue th , s Sceptre generally gree greenisr no h blue. Many type f amuleto s s occu n veri r y early times d continuan , e until the Ptolemaic and Eoman period ; the chief of these are, the Sacred Eye Scarabe th , Pillowe th , Girdle th , e Buckle Papyrue th , s Sceptree th , Hand either outstretche Foot e closedr dth o d . an , Sacred, eye. Amulet used for protection against the evil eye, the bites of serpents, and words spoken in envy or anger. 1 Blue glaze. Black eyebrow and eye. 2| x l/j- inches. 2 Blue glaze. Openwork. Black eyebrow and eye. 1 x f inch. 3 Blue glaze. Eight eye. Black eyebro eyed wan . 4 Blue glaze. Incised. Blu5 e glaze. Black eyebro eyed wan . Blu6 e glaze. Gree7 n glaze, with rin suspensionr gfo . 8 Green glaze, with rin suspensionr gfo . 9 Green glaze. Black eyebrow and eye. othere th n o .side 0 Greee s 1 on ,Be n no glazee Ey . 1 Gree1 n glaze. Very small. illustratioe show9 Th 51 l . s theiNo f no r positio Mumme th n no Sebanf yo . 466 . PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

12 Green glaze (broken). 13 Quadruple eye in blue glaze. Diorit4 1 e eye. 1 £Jx inch. 15 Diorit f inche x eye f .. Blac6 1 k basalt eye. 1 fyJx inches. : 17 Brown stone eye. |x finch. 18 Alabaster eye raisen i , d f .workinch. x 1 ...... 19 Red jasper eye. ^inchf x . 20 Eye in gold foil, f x f inch.

Pillow. - Symbolising rest for the dead.

21 Black basalt pillow with octagonal pillar. 1-|- x ^J inches. 22 Black basalt pillow with circular pillar, ^f x -f^ inch. 3 Diorit2 e pillow with square abacus, -j- ^gx f inch. 24 Pillo potterywn i f inch x f ., 5 25 Pillow in dark red glaze. ^ x T ff inch. Pectoral. This typ amulef eo rare s variei td an , s greatl desigyn i d nan material. This pectoral possibly belongs to the scribe of Eameses II., whose statue is in the British. Museum (No. 46).

26 Pectoral in red-brown glaze. Inscribed for " The Scribe of the Lord of the Two Lands, Pyaay."

Dad sign. .The emblem of Osiris, signifying stability and firmness. It represents a row of four pillars seen in perspective; the pillars on foue restth y r s alswhic t sk cornera searthe ha o e th t beeh I th f .o s n called the Nilometer, arid the Backbone of Osiris. At Busiris (" the House of Osiris "), in. the Delta, there was a great annual festival of the Setting-up of the Dad.

27 Dad sign in blue glaze, with plinth at back. 2 x fa inches. 28 Dad sign' in dark blue glaze, with plinth at back. 1 j x J inches. 29 Dad sign in grey glaze, with plinth at back. 30 Lazuli dad sign, surmounted by Osiris-crown, feathers, and horns. Plinth at back. Gree1 3 n glaz signd eda , with plint t backha . 32 Dad sign in grey glaze, with plinth at back. sigd carneliann i Da 3 3 , with plint t bacha k (broken). 34 Dad sign in blue glaze, flat, ^f x A- inch. 35 Flat dad sign in lazuli, surmounted by Osiris-crown, feathers, and horns. 36 Flasignd da t . 1JJx inches. jasper37-38 d signd re Da n si , lazuli turquoisd ,an e (broken). §c-^M*1"

72. 887A

8879 70

27 3S

39 40

10* 102. EGYPTIAN AMULETS. 8 46 • PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH 8Y F , O S1899 MA , ,

Double featJiers. Tins amule y possiblma t y signify sovereigntye th ; straight feathers being worn only by Min, Father of the Gods, and Amen,1 King of the Gods, and the curved feathers only by Osiris, chief God of Deade th . 39 Straight double feather basaltn si . f inches Ifx . 40 Double feathers curve t top,da whitn i e glaze. 1 J^x inches. 41 Double feathers curve t topda blun i , e glaze, f inch ^fx . 42 Double feathers curve t topda whitn i , e glaze. -J inch. 43 Double feathers in schist, curved top and bottom. Doubl4 4 e feather polishen si d stone ,bottom d curvean p dto . Doubl5 4 e feather stonn si e with trace f greeso n glaze ,bottomd curvean p dto , with disk in the middle. Shen sign. This amulet is not very common. 46 Shen sign in white glaze, £ x f inch. 47 Shen sign in granite, J| x £ inch. Papyrus sceptre, e embleth f eternamo l youth. 48 Papyrus sceptre in green glaze. 49 Papyrus sceptre in blue glaze. 3J inches. 50-51 Papyrus sceptre blun si e glaze. 52 Papyrus sceptre in green glazed alabaster. 53 Papyrus sceptre in black basalt.

The pronunciation of ancient Egyptian is a very obscure question, especially as language th writtens 1 ewa , like many other Eastern languages, without vowelss A . it is impossible to pronounce a word written in consonants only, it is customary when transliteratin divido gt consonante eth s wit lettee hth . rE Ther e are, however, three letter n Egyptiai s n whic e conventionallhar y transliterate s thea t y bu , A y db are quite distinct froanothee mon s necessari t i r differentiato yt e the othey mb r signs, viz. : a, a, a. A is like the H-mute in French ; it has no effect on the pronunciation, but serves to show that a vowel is to follow. In later times it indicated a lon. gA s perhapAi s semi-consonane neareth o t r othey thaan Y t r o nt lette n i r the English alphabet. 'A is a "peculiar guttural breathing unknown to European languages." It is known in modern Arabic as Ain. Ther alse ear o three , formdistinguisheH f o s hs dkh.,a d han , pronounces i H d likEnglise eth . hH H is a slight guttural, as in the Scotch "locli." KH is the hard guttural found in German, Dutch, and many Eastern languages. CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 469

Heart. jasped 54Be r heart, inlaid with lazuli (broken). inch£ 1x . Hear5 5 green i t n basalt, -/g inch. 56 Heart in gold foil. 1^ x jf inches. 57 Basalt heart. J inch. Cartouche. 58 Green glaze cartouche with the name " Nub-em-maat." 59 Cartouche in lazuli. Girdle buckle. Emblematic of the blood of Isis, which washes away wearere sine th f th so . 60 Girdle buckle in blue glaze. 61 Girdle jasperbuckld re n e.i 1 ^ T%x inches. 62-63 Girdle buckle blun si e glaze. 64 Girdle buckle in brown stone (broken). Square. The Square and the Plummet-stand are always associated together. 65 Builders' squar darn ei k stone. 66 Builders' squar darn ei k stone. Plummet stand. 67 Plummet stand in dark stone. The Menat s usualli y calle e Counterpoiseth d s supposei d e b an , o dt placed at the back of the neck to keep the necklace in place. That this is not the case is shewn by the Menat being peculiar only to certain gods, e.g., Ptah, and sometimes Khonsu. Mena8 6 bronzen i t , with head Basf sOsiriso d tan . Two fingers. This amulet is one of the few whose position on the mummy never varies; it is always on the left side of the pelvis. 69 Two ringers in black basalt, -with traces of gilding. 2-| x f inches. Clenched hand. Clenche0 7 d han blun di e glaze f inch, . 71 Clenched hand in bronze. 1§ x J inches. Gloiliing amulet. 72 Clothing amulet in red limestone. VOL. XXXIII. 2 H 470 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Plaque. Plaqu3 7 green ei n glaze, wit figuree hth Horusf o s , IsisNephthysd an , . Plaqu4 7 green ei n glaze, with figure godf o sacresd san d eyes. Plaqu5 7 blun ei e glaze, wit figure animal-headen hth a f eo d god. 76 Plaque in black lignite. Aegis. 77 Aegis of Bes in yellowish glaze. If x 1 inches. Foot. 78 Foot in crystal. Mummy Her.n o Thi sa ver seeme yb lato t se typ f amuleteo s i t i ; not known before the Ptolemaic period. Mumm9 7 bien yo goln ri d foil. Collar. 80 Colla lighn i r t brown stone inc1 height.n h i . Sacrificed ox. This amulet, together with the vase and the clothing amulet e probablar , y intende o supplt d e materiath y l e wantth f o s deceased in the underworld. Sacrifice1 jasperd 8 re n i . x do Vase. 82 Vase amulet in blue glaze. AnJch sign. Ank3 8 h sig blun i e glaze. Sacred animals. 84 Scorpion in blue glaze. Sacred to Selk. 85 Bam in green glaze. Sacred to Khnnm the creator, 86-87 Earn in bronze. Vultur8 8 green ei n glaze (broken). Sacre Mu o dprotectresst e tth . gree89-9n i t n1Ca glaze . Sacre Basto dt . 92 Ape in basalt. Sacred to Thoth. sheen i w t bronzeCo 3 9 . Sacre greae th o tdt goddes s Hathor. (?4 )9 Elephan blun ti e glaze. 95 Frog in diorite. Emblematic of renewed birth. Sacred to Hekt. 96 Uraeus in blue glaze. 97 Uraeus in bronze. 137 Q Q

80 71 49

101 8<3

EGYPTIAN AMULETS. 472 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

98 Double uraeus, wearing e headdiskth n .so Crocodil9 9 green ei n glaze. 100 Crocodile in blue glaze. 101 Crocodile in blue glaze with yellow spots. e dead.Geniith f o e e figurefouThesth th rf e o sonsear f Horusso , Amset (human-headed), Hapi (ape-headed), Qebhserumf (hawk-headed),

No. 121. Hypocephalus. (J.)

Duatmutef (jackal-headed). They represent the four cardinal points, t havbu e als ospeciaa l duty toward deae sth d (see Canopic jars). These small figures are usually found associated on the mummy with the large CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 473

winged scarabs. They were threaded into the net-work of beads which was laid coffione th . n ove brease rth mummye bodd th tan f yo . 102-103 Amset and Hapi in light blue glaze. 2J- inches high. 104-105 Qebhsennuf in light blue glaze. 2f and 2| inches high. 106 Duatmute alabastern i f , inlaid with lazul turquoised ian inche2 . s high. 7 A (10 similar figure (broken). 108-109 Bright blue glaze figures. 110-111 Gold foil figures. 112-119 Wax figures. 120 Alabaster figure (broken). Miscellaneous amulets. 121 Hypocephalus. See Inscription, No. I. The Hypocephalus was, as its name implies, the amulet on which the head of the mummy rested. It was suppose preservo t d e vitath e deceasede l heath mads f i o tt f I eo . linen covered with stucco, and painted yellow with designs in black. 122-123 Paintings fro nec e mummya m th f ko . 124 Pieces of gold foil, probably parts of amulets. 125 Amulet wrapped round with cloth.

SCARABS. Scarabs e smalar le sacre objectth e for th f mo dn i sbeetle , which symbolis resurrectione ./JTAeperaeth d go sacree e ar Creatore th d th ,o d t an , . The made yar f variouo e s materials invariable ar d an , yr piercefo f i s da threading e flatTh .undersid s inscribeei d wit e king'th h s namee th , name f privatso e persons e figureth , f god o ssacred san d animals, charms, good-luck wishes purelr o , y ornamental designs. Heart-scarabs were amulets placed ovee mummye hearth th rf o t . The e generallar y a dar f yo k e inscribecolourar d an , d wit e 30tth h h chapter of the Book of the Dead. See Ins. No. L. 126 Heart scarab of black basalt. 127 Heart scarab of schist. Inscribed. 128-130 Heart scarabs of green basalt. 1 Hear13 t scara greef bo n basalt, with trace gildingf so . 132 Heart scara lazulf bo i paste, 133 Heart scarab of green glaze. 134 Heart scarab of black basalt. Inscribed. 135 Heart scarab of green chert, ornamented with spirals (broken). Xllth Dynasty. 6 Hear13 t scara stonef bo . 474 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Winged scarabs e laiar d acros e e mummybreasth th s f o t . They typify the resurrection of the dead, and are generally associated with the four genii of the dead. They are threaded into the headwork which is laid on the coffin, of the mummy. They occur from the XXIIIrd Dynasty onwards. 137-139 Winged scarabs in blue glaze. (137) 6 J x 2| inches; (138) 6J x 2f inches. 0 Winge14 d scara f woodo e bscara Th . b itsel s losti e fsocke th , t onl- re y maining. The wings are gilded. 141-142 Winged scarab golf so d foil. Scarabs with legs underneath are found from the Xlllth Dynasty. 143 Green glaze scarab. 144 Black glaze scarab. 145 Brown glaze scarab. Scaraboids e amuletar r ornamentso e shap f scarabth a o f n eo t i s bu , different forms. They appea servo t r e sameth e purpos scarabss ea . 146 Green glaze cowrie-shaped scaraboid, ornamented with Sam-sign (symbol of union). XVIIIth Dynasty. 147 Olive-green glaze oval scaraboid. XXVIth Dynasty. 8 Dar14 k blue scaraboid. 149 Flat green glaze scaraboid. Obverse, hawk-headed lion, cartouche of Thothme sige sth n IV. d He,an q (ruler). Reverse, hieroglyphs, reading " Mer-en-per-Amen .... ."' XVIIIth Dynasty. 0 Ova15 l scaraboi palf do e green glaze. XVIIIth Dynasty. 151 Green glaze scaraboid in shape of a duck (broken). 152 Green gla,ze oval scaraboid of the XVIIIth Dynasty. Hieroglyphs reading, " AnMtet-nub-neb." Rectangula3 15 r scaraboi green di n glaze. XVIIIth Dynasty. 154 Bright green scaraboid with figure of Bes. XVIIIth Dynasty. Inscribed. 155 White glaze scarab. Cartouche of Men-tteper-Ra (Thothmes III. of the XVIIIth Dynasty). 156 Green glaze scarab, bearing figures of sacred animals. ? XXIIIrd Dynasty. 157 Green glaze scarab, with sacred signs and animals. ? XVIIIth Dynasty. 157a Blue glaze scarab with hieroglyphs. 8 Blu15 e glaze scarab. XXVIth Dynasty. 159 Green glaze scarab, bearing sacred signs. Xllth Dynasty. Blu0 16 e glaze scarab, wit name hth e Ra-men-tteper-s. XVIIIth Dynasty. 161 Blue glaze scarab, with figures of the god Set and a scorpion. ? XlXth Dynasty. 162 Green glaze scarab, with Refer sign and spiral. Xllth Dynasty. 163 Blue glaze scarab. Xllth Dynasty. 170

I) 13J 168 167

m ieo 155 149

146 166 isa

IS*

153 ISO

EGYPTIAN SCARABS AND SCAEABOIDS. (£.) 476 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Dar4 16 k green glaze scarab. Xllth Dynasty. 165 Brown glaze scarab, ornamented with a running deer. 6 Gree16 n glaze scarab, witkneelino htw g figure sacred an s d signs Xllt1 . h Dynasty. 167 White glaze scarab, with name of Men-tteper-Ra (Thothmes III.). XVIIIth Dynasty.

165 164

147 1ST 156

8 Gree16 n glaze scarab. Double cartouch f Men-7c/ieper-Reo a (Thothmes III.). XVIIIth Dynasty. 169 Blue glaze scarab. ? XXVth Dynasty. 170 Yellow glaze scarab, bearing winged scarab. ? Xlth Dynasty. 171 Bright pale blue glaze scarab. Incised design. XXVth Dynasty. Uninscribed. 172-174 Bright blue glaze scarabs, very small. 175-176 Blue glaze scarabs. 177-178 Blue glass scarabs. KINGS. Rin9 17 blun gi e glaze ornamented with Sacred Eye and uraeus. 180 Ring in blue glaze ornamented with Sacred Eye. 181 Ring in blue glaze ornamented with sleeping duck. 2 Rin 18 blun gi e glaze scarab bezil. 3 Rin 18 blun gi e glaz e; uraeu s bezil. CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 477

184 Ring in blue glaze ; cartouche-shaped hezil. Rin5 18 blun gi e glaz e: cartouch e bezil, illegible. 6 Doubl18 e rin blun gi e glaz e; scorpio n bezil. 187 Ring in blue glaze ; conventional lotus bezil. 8 Rin 18 lighn gi t blue glaz e; sacre bezile dey . 189 Ring in green glaze ; uraeus bezil. 0 Bezi 19 f bluo l e glaze ring, inscribed Neb-&/ieperu-Ra e throne-namth , f o e Tut-antt-Amen of the XVIIIth Dynasty. 191 Bezil of green glaze ring, with the name of Tut-anM-Amen. 2 Bezi 19 f bluo l e glazed ring, inscribed "Amen-Ra, lor f eternitdo evero yt - lasting." 193 Bezil of blue glaze ring, inscribed " Amen-Ra. . . ." 194 Bezil of blue glaze ring. 5 Gree19 n glaze ring, inscribed with crowne signsb dnu uraeus.d an a k , 196 Bronze ring, with cartouche and inscription. 197 Bronze ring, inscribed " User maat Ra, setep en Ra," the throne-name of Rameses II. of the XlXth Dynasty. 8 Bronz19 e ring, with very small bezil. 199 Bronze ring. 200 Metal ring, with figure of a god, probably Bes. Rin1 20 mother-of-pearln gi .

FIGURES or GODS.

These were use s personaa d l amulets s househola , d amuletsd an , probabl s votiva y e offering e templesth n i s . Osiris. God of the dead; the husband of Isis and father of Horus. "Worshipped chiefl t Ahydoa y s murdere d Bxisiriswa an se H d. s "byhi half-brother bo Setystratagea wh , m persuaded Osiri placo st e himseln i f e coffe nailes th f wa ro d d downli coffermoltea e d an Th , . n lead poured in. The coffer was then thrown into the river. Isis sought and found it. Set, however, took it from her, and tore the body of Osiris into fourteen pieces, scatterin e pieceth g s ovee lengtth r d "breadthan f o h Egypt. Isis, lamenting, never rested till she had discovered the remains, burying each piece where she found it. 202-206 Bronze figures of Osiris standing, with tang for inserting in a pedestal. 207 Small bronze figure of Osiris, with ring for suspending to a necklace as a charm. 208-210 Bronze figure Osirisf o s , wit hside suspensionr rinth e fo t ga . 211-212 Bronze standing figures of Osiris wearing the horns of Kliimm. 213 Seated figure of Osiris in stone, headless. 214 Head of Osiris in bronze. 478 PROCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18998 TH Y F O S. MA ,

Isis, greae th t goddess, mistres f heavenso ; wif f Osirio e mothed san r of Horus. 215 Head of Isis in blue glaze. Horus, the Avenger of his father; son of Osiris and Isis. Repre- sente a hawk a hawk-heades a dr o , d man. Afte e deat th dismembermenrd han f Osiriso t , Horus fought with Set to avenge .his father. conflice Th t betwee nt typifie HoruSe d san s the contest between light and darkness, between good evilan de . ar Figure t Se f o s extremely rare, those of Horus are fairly common. 216 Figure of Horus as a crowned hawk, in stone. 7 Figur21 f Horuo ea crowne s a s d hawkn i , bronze. 218 Standing figure of Horus, crowned, in blue glaze. 219 Standing figure of Horns, in blue glaze. 220 Standing figure of Horus, in green glaze. d Horus;Isisan a commo n forme th , Mother and Child. 221-225 Figures of Isis and Horus, in bronze. 226 Figure of Isis and Horus, in pale green glaze, pierce suspensior dfo charma s na . 227 Figure of Isis and Horus, in blue glaze, for suspension. 228-229 Figure Isif Horusd so san green ,i n glaze, for suspension. Harpokrates. The Greek form of the name meaning Horus e Childth , . Repre- . 221No . Bronze Statuette, Isis and Horus. (J.) weariny bo sente e loca f haith gs o k a df o r childhood wit d lipse fingee an ,hth th .o t r 230 Stone figure of Harpokrates, seated on a throne adorned with two lions. 231-233 Bronze figure Harpokratesf so , standing. 234-236 Bronze standing figures of Harpokrates, for suspension. 7 Standin23 g figur f Harpokrateeo bronzn si e (headless). CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN SI L MUSEUM9 47 .

KH«wm, the Creator. Represented as a ram, or a ram-headed man. 238 Figure of ETwium in grey glaze. 239 Head of Khnwa in green glaze.

Amen-Ra, e godsth l . e al kin th f Originall o g e locath y l deitf o y Thebes; afte XVIIIte th r h Dynasty worshipped throughout Egypt. 240 Figure of Amen E& in blue glaze. 1 Figur24 Amef eo n E bronze&n i . 242 Bronze figure of Amen R4 on stand. 243 Bronze figure of Amen E&. 244 Figure of Amen Ra in green glaze (broken).

Ta-urt, the hippopotamus goddess; the wife of Set. 245-248 Figures of Ta-urt in blue glaze, pierced for suspension to a necklace aa a charm. 249-250 Figures of Ta-urt in green glaze, pierced for suspension. 251 Figure of Ta-urt in black glaze, wearing a blue crown; pierced for suspension.

f Nefer-Tum,Ptao d Qekhet. n an hrepresente so H e th e settinth s g sun. 2 Bronz25 e figur f Nefer-Tumeo , with rin suspensionr gfo d tan r inseran , gfo - tion in a pedestal. Figur3 25 Nefer-Tuf eo mblun i e glaze (broken).

Min, the father of the gods :—one of the most ancient of Egyptian gods, and worshipped chiefly at Koptos. (Also called Amsu and Kh&ai.) 254 Bronze figure of Min. f Thoih,learnino e e d godsscribmagicd th th Go e gan if s. eo H . represente ibis-headen a ibin a r so s da d man, 255-257 Figure Thotf so green hi n glaze. 258 Figure of Thoth in green glaze of the XXVIth Dynasty. Neyjhthys, The Greek form of the name meaning the Lady of the House. Wife of Set, and sister of Osiris. Isis and Nephthys are the mourner Osirisr sfo . 259 Figure of Nephthys in green glaze. 480 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Anubis, Lord of the Sacred Land, one of the principal gods of the dead, He is represented as a jackal-headed man. 260 Figure of Amibis in blue glaze. 261 Figure of Anubis in bronze. 262 Figure of Anubis in blue paste. PtahrSoJcar,deade e godth th f .so f o Representee on deformea s da d dwarf. 263-264 Figure Ptah-Sokaf so blun ri e glaze (one broken). 265-266 Figures of Ptah-Sokar in green glaze. Bes, god of pleasure, dancing, and music. Eepresented as a hideous grotesqud an e dwarf. 267-268 bronzen i Figure s Be ,f so pierce suspensionr dfo . 269-272 Figures of Bes in green glaze, pierced for suspension. 273-278 Figures of Bes in blue glaze, pierced for suspension. Seate9 27 blun di s figure glazeBe f eo , pierce suspensionr dfo . brighn i Figur0 s 28 Be t f blueo e glaze, pierce suspensionr dfo . 281 Figure of Bes in blue glaze with green spots, pierced for suspension. blun i Figur2 s e 28 glazeBe f eo . n woodi s Figur3 ,Be 28 paintef o e gilded e XVIIItan dth df o ; h Dynasty. Presente Profy db . Flinders Petrie. Bast, the cat-headed goddess. Worshipped chiefly at Bubastis. Herodotus gives an account of the festivals at Bubastis. 284-285 Figures of Bast in blue glaze. 6 Figur28 Basf eo green i t n glaze. 287 Seated figure of Bast in lazuli, inscribed. 288 Head of Bast in painted limestone. Apis, the sacred bull of Memphis. When Apis died, he was called by e Egyptianth s Asar Hapi, whic s corrupte e wa hGreek th y b ds into Serapis. 289-292 Figures of Apis in bronze. 3 Hea pottery29 d Apif dre o n si .

TOOLS, FURNITURE, ETC. Egyptian tool made sar f woodeo , coppe r bronzeo r d flintan , . Flint implements were-used till the Xllth Dynasty for sacrificial and ceremonial purposes, and in the paintings in the tombs of Beni Hasan we see the CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 481

method of manufacture and the use of fliiit knives. Metal has been used froe earliesmth t times ;prehistorie eveth n ni c perio fine dw d copper o r

502

30]

300 298 298 233 Egyptian Tools or Models of Tools. (J.) bronz wels ewa l know largeld nan y used custoA . m existe n Egypdi f o t making model f toolso s which \vere burie t thda e cornerfoundae th f o s - tions of any great temple. These foundation deposits' were always 432 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

accompanied by some object, generally a small glazed plaque, on which is inscribe cartouche dth kine th whos n gf i eo e reig temple n th s builtewa . supposes i t I d thamodele toole th t th f s so wer e mad n ordei e r thae th t Tta or double of the temple might be built by the lea, of the builder with the Teas of the tools in the next world.

Weavin4 29 g com f blaco b k lacquered wood, ornamented with concentric circles. 295-297 Mason's mallets. 298 Bronze chisels, probably models of tools buried under the foundations of a temple. 3-A }-x f jx finches | inches3 . do ; , nearly identica fore th m n i l of the handle. 299 Bronze knife, 5§ x J| inches, with curving blade. 0 Bronz30 e spatula-shaped implement, 4J f-x inches. 301 Bronze spatula-shaped implement, 3J x £ inches, the handle very narrow. 302 Bronze implement, 5-| x f inches, deeply-notched on one side. 303-305 Bronze saw, chisel pierced ,an r with wooden handles. 306 Bronze chisel with handle. 307 Curved bronze needle. 308 Bronze tweezers. 4£ inches in length. Bronz9 30 e nail. 310 Flint knife, 8j inches in length, by 2§ inches across the blade.

No. 310. Flint Knife. (J.) Furniture. 311-313 Head-rests, one ornamented with a lotus pattern. Chair4 31 . 5 Three-legge31 d wooden stool. 316 Stool. 317-319 Framewor thref ko e wooden stools.

Toilet objects. Ivor0 32 y handle, ornamented with incised line n i diagonals f variouo s s patterns. 4| x | inches. Chines1 32 e porcelain snuff bottle, gree whited nan , inscribed. inches21 Jx .

484 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

These are said to be found in Egyptian tombs, but 110 authentic case of such a discovery has been recorded. 322-323 Wooden combs. (322) 3 IJx f inche s; (323 Ix f ) 3 inches. Woode4 32 n kohl-pot with three stickse koh r stibiuTh o l. r darkeninmfo g the eyelids was an indispensable adjunct to the toilet of every Egyptian

326 Bronze Mirror. (4.) of position ; it was kept in pots of various forms, both ornamented and applies plainwa d d an ,wit shorha t stick wit hroundea d end. 325 Cylindrical casket of ebony, 8£ inches in height, inlaid with ivory and electrum Besd cartouchd go sidhavind e an , e ,an efiguron a th n gf o eo e of Amenhote XVTIIte th f o . phII Dynasty. Describe Profy db . Flinders Petrie figured an , Proc.n di Soc. Antiq. Scot., vol. . xxx30 . p . CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 485

326-327 Bronze mirrors. (326) 4fx3f inches, with handle 4J inches; (327) 4£ x 3J inches, broken. Mirrors are known in Egypt from the Vlth Dynasty (B.C. 3503). Woode8 32 witx bo nh sliding lid, inlaid with ivory ornamented with con- ceiitric circles. 1 $Ix f inches. 32shape birda 9th f Toileen o i , x madt bo f painteeo d wood (broken). 4x 1| inches. Bambo0 33 o kohl-pot. 331 Bronze toilet vessel ; cylindrical, imperfect. 2§ x 1 inches. 332 Slate palette, Prehistoric; oval, 4j x 4J inches, with notched triangles round the edge. The slate palettes are known only in the prehistoric times and during the first three dynasties. They -vary greatly in size, form,

332 Slate Palette. (J.)

designd an , many being very elaborately sculptured with figure f meno s . d animalsan . They were use r grindinfo d e greegth n malachite ey e paint which appears to have been used in early times before kohl or stibium came into vogue. Basket work. 333-336 Baskets. 337-341 Basket-work shoes. VOL. XXXIII. I2 6 48 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE , 18998 TH Y F .O SMA ,

t shoe-soles34 paima 2A reef d o r dan . 343 Rocking basket of palm-leaf.

No. 337. Basket-work Shoe.

344 Square palm-leaf basket. 345 Basket containing resin. Leather -work. 346-358 Leather sandals. 359-361 Leather shoes. 362 Embossed leather belt. Fragmen3 36 embossef o t d leather. 364 Stamped leather network. Textiles. 365 Piece of string. 366 Rope. 367 Mummy cloth inscribed in hieratic. Ptolemaic. Han8 36 yarnf ko . 369 Mummy cloth. Rin0 heade 37 ropf th g o carryingr n .efo o r ja a 371 Cloth of asbestos. 372 Painted cloth sandals. 373 Striped blue and white bag, made of fibre. 374-375 Pieces of mummy -wrappings. 376 Mummy-bandage with hieroglyphs painte blacn di k ink.

Toys. 377 Ball of blue glazed pottery. 378 Pottery ball with red and black stripes. 379-380 Ball knottef so d palm-leaf fibre. Leathe1 38 r ball, stuffed with husks. 382-383 Draughtsme bluf no e glazed pottery. 384 Glass draughtsmen. 385-386 Jointed wooden dolls. 387 Doll's stool, wooden frame with string network seat. 388-389 Baskets containing fruit. CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM7 48 .

BEADS. Beads are found in great numbers throughout the whole of Egypt, and are of all periods. 390 Carnelian, lazuli, and turquoise beads, very small. From Ekhmim. Xllth Dynasty. • Fiv1 39 e carnelian beads. Xllth. Dynasty. 392 Lotus-flower pendants in carnelian. XVIIIth Dynasty. Lotus-bu3 39 d pendant carneliann si . XVIIIth Dynasty. 394 Blue glaze beads, long bugle shape.

711

No. 385. Jointed Wooden Doll. (J.)

395 String of glazed beads, red, yellow, blue, black, etc., mixed with stone beads, pendants, eyed beads, bunches of fruit. XVIIIth Dynasty. Blu6 39 e glaze bea rudn di e imitatio shella f no . 397 Glazed beads, blue, green, yellow, and white (XlXth Dynasty). Presented by Prof. Flinders Petrie. 398 Blue glaze bead in form of a lion's head. XXIInd Dynasty. This is probably the large bead through which the many strings of the necklace were drawn. . PROCEEDING E SOCIETY TH 8 8Y ,48 F O 1899SMA , .

399 Cowrie shells, cut at the back, and strung on double threads. 400 Shell, pierced as a bead. Barrel-shape1 40 d stone bead. 402 String of glazed beads, black and white. 403 Blue glaze bugle-beads. 404 Network of blue-glazed beads from a mummy, with the original threading. A network of beads was laid on the outside of the coffin. A winged scarab Genie deae th th glazen f di d o i an d pottery were often worked inte oth network and were so arranged that the scarab lay on the breast, and the Genideae th df i o acros abdomee sth mummye th f no . 5 Networ40 -glazef ko d beads, red, blue, black yellowd an , . 406 Network of grey and red beads. 7 Strin40 g -of rough double-cone shaped smalld an , , blue-glazed beads. 8 Strin40 yellow-stripef go d glass beads. Roman. 409 String of small blue and black glass beads. 0 Past41 e bead rolle chipn di stonef so . 1 Gree41 n glaze rectangular bead. 1 XVIIIth Dynasty. 412 Glazed rectangular bead, ornamented with double diagonal lines and fluted edge. 413 Blue glaze flat oval bead, ornamented with double diagonal lines and fluted 414 Pale-green glaze oval bead, ornamented with diagonal (criss-cross) lines. These rectangular beads were probabl same th r e ypurposfo . 398No .s ea

SCULPTURE. 415 Black basalt statue of a man and his wife. Inscribed with the name of Uah-ab-ra. See Ins. No. II. 416 Fragment of a granite statue. See Ins. No. III. 7 Hea41 Osirif do green si n basalt. 8 Rain'41 s hea steatiten di . From Denderah. 419 Fis steatitehn i . Fragmen0 42 stonef o t , inscribed wit name hth e Dua. 1 Fragment42 figuref so alabasten si limestoned ran . 2 Hand42 granitf so e statues. 423 Snake's head in alabaster. 424 Small fragment of cornice in obsidian, with lotus decoration. Probably Coptic. Fragmen5 42 quartzitf to e sculptured wit figureso htw . 426 Fragmen granitef o t , inscribed. IV . Inse Se No . . 427 Fragmen f limestono t e sculptured e front th e dog-heade th n ,I . d ape, emblematic of worship ; at the side, a priest worshipping ; at the back, the inscription, which is illegible. 8 Fragmen42 f sculptureo t d limestone, e bearinth f o e cartouch gth e on f o e Ptolemies. 429 Limestone head. Eyes and eyebrows painted black. 430 Limestone head. 431 Limestone statuette of a brother and sister seated. Iziscribed at the back. Se. e V Ins. No . CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM9 48 .

432 Limestone statue of a man kneeling and holding a youtllful king. 433 Painted limestone statue of a man seated.

No. 431. Limestone Statuette of a Brother and Sister. (J.)

4 Fragmen43 sculpturf makinn o t ma a gf e o offerings . r threOnlo o ey tw word s inscriptioe oth f legiblee nar . 435 Granite Osiride figure. See Ins. No. VI.

STELAE. f wooo r e stoneo b d Stelae d beay an , ma r inscription f variouo s s kindsfunereae Th . l stela n somi e e measure answe e samth r e purpose r tombstonesasou n the O e recordem.ar e nameth de d titleth an sf so deceased, with prayere god r funerarth fo so t s y offeringe Ka.th o t s e mysteriouth s i a K s e entitTh y which survives after deathd an , inhabits the tomb with the mummy. For its benefit, the funeral offerings were made, the statues sculptured, and the prayers made.

436 Stela of painted wood. Size 12 x 8J inches. Winged disk at tho top. "Double scene : on the left, deceased offering to Ra ; on the right, offering to Turn.

CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM1 49 .

Five horizontal line f inscriptiono s , alternately whit redd ean , lettering black. Seten hotepe d formul o Osirit a s tten f STiepseto t Amentiua k e -th r fo , araru, decease d; daughte Amen-her-ubatf ro , deceased. See Ins. No. LI. for the Seten de hotep formula. 437 Stela of painted wood. Size 10$ x 8J inches. Sacred eyes and " shell hent" sign t topsa . Scene: deceased offerin Ra-HoraJ/ito gt emblee th d Anubisf mian o . verticax Si l line inscriptionf so , black lettering. Zed-medu formul r Peda-mutfo a , guardia e hous e th gat th f f o eo f no Amen, keeper of the lake of Amen. See Ins. No. LII. for Zed-medu formula. 438 Stela of painted wood. Size, 14J x 8f inches. Winged disk and hieroglyphs reading " Behdet" at top. Scene : deceased offering to Osiris-ttent-Amentiu, winged Isis, and three of the genii of the dead. Five horizontal lines of inscription, alternately yellow and white, almost illegible. Seten-dd-hotep formul Osiris-iWtent-Amentiuo at . 9 Stel 43 paintef ao d wood. Size ,f inches 96 £x . Winged disk with horn uraeid hieroglyphan d s ,an s reading " Behdet" at top. Scene: deceased offering libation Ra-Horai/ito t s o i tw (i.e., e th Bf Ao Horizons). Six vertical lines of hieroglyphs, black lettering on yellow ground. Zed- medu formul Singee th r Amef arfo o n Ta-ka-sa Zed-s-and ban M s-Ast. Uas-sceptr left-hann eo d side. 440 Stela of painted wood. Winged disk with horns and hanging uraei, and hieroglyphs reading "Behde pet.b ne t" Scen e: decease d kneeling before Ra-Hora&Ati; behin standr dhe s Thoth makin glibationa . Three vertical lines of hieroglyphs; Zed-medu formula. Name of deceased not given. Standards of Amenti on each side. .Stel1 painte44 f ao d wood . f inches9 Sizex | 9 ., Winged dis t topka . Scene: deceased offering to Hora/c/iti. Eight vertical line hieroglyphsf so , blac yelloa n ko w ground. Seten-de- hotep formul HoraiWit'i-Tumo t a , Osms-Wieiit-Amentiu, Unneferd an , Anubis r Sennu Nes-kenf fo o , n so , . Standar lefte Ease th .th n f to d o Standar right e Wese th th n f .o dto 442 Stel paintef ao d wood. Size, 18 7^x j inches. Winged disk wit seto uraef hso tw t topia . Scene: deceased offerin Bao t g , e fouThothth r d Geni,an f Amentio i . Nine horizontal lines of hieroglyphs, divided by blue lines, black lettering. One horizontal line abov scenee eth . a. Seten-de-hotep formula to Osiris-Mient-Amentin. /3. Seten-de-hotep formula to Osiris Unnefer for the Ka of Aha,

CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM3 49 .

deceased, daughte Peda-Asetf o r , decease r motherhe d; , Shepset-Hor- da-Amen, deceased. 443 Stela of painted limestone. Scen e: Osiris-ttent-Amenti u standing befor tablea offeringsf eo . Four vertical lines of hieroglyphs painted in blue. " The superintendent housee oth f , Anna, deceased." 4 Stel 44 paintef ao d limestone. Double scen f deceaseeo d offerin Ba-Horattti'o gt . Wingedp to dis t a k with horn uraeid hieroglyphsd an an , s reading Behdet. Vertical line of inscription. See Ins. No. VII. 1. Above the figures horizontal line of inscription : HoraMt'i, the great god. Osiris-n-menHi-Amen. Below the scene, six horizontal lines of hieroglyphs painted blue. See Ins. No. VII. 2. 445 Square-topped limestone stela. Scenkine th gf e o worshipping . Four vertical line inscriptionf so Ins e VIII. Se No .. . Cartouche XlXte th f Setf o so h. y I Dynasty . 446 Limestone tablet. Size, 2J x l^f inches. Scene : deceased offering to Ptah. Four vertical line hieroglyphsf so . IX Inse . Se .No . Woode7 44 n stela. One vertical lin hieroglyphf eo s givin name gth e Peda-As't. 448 Tablet of bright blue glaze. Size, 11 jx5f inches. Pointed top. At top Sacred Eye, and Anubis on an altar, Scene : deceased offering to Osiris Uimefer. Five vertical lines of hieroglyphs. See Ins. No. X. 449 Tablet of bright blue glaze. Size, 11§ x 8y inches. Scene : deceased offering to Osiris Unnefer. Six vertical lines of inscription at top, one horizontal line below the . XI sceneIns e . Se .No . 450-463 Small wooden tesserae, which were tied on to the mummies as labels. Inscribe hieraticn di InsXII. e .No Se .. 464-466 Small wooden tablets inscribe Green di k character blacn si k e inkSe . XIII. InsNo . . 467 Small wooden tablet with incised inscriptio n Greei n k characterse Se . Ins. No. XIV. 468 Small wooden tablet inscribe n Greei d k characters e baca th s i kn O . rudely-drawn picture of a dog. See Ins. No. XV. 469 Terra-cotta slab inscribe Copticn d i Ins e XVI. Se .No . .

FUNEKEAL OBJECTS.

470-484 Crouching hawks paintef o , d wood. 485-486 Double hawks of painted wood, with " menat" on the back. 487-488 Black wooden jackals, couchant. . - PROCEEDING E 4 SOCIETY , 49 8 1899TH Y F O S. MA ,

489-490 Black wooden jackals, sitting. The jackals and hawks were placed as guardians of the dead round the sarcophagu tombe th n si . 491 Uraeus in painted wood, wearing the crown of Lower Egypt.

Canopicjars were placed in the tombs and contained the mummified viscere deceaseth f ao d persone th f .s dedicateo e wa Eac r on hja o t d four Sons of Horns, and the cover was made in the shape of the head of dedicated s whoo t wa d th mt i ego . Thus : Amset, man-headed ; Hapi, ape-headed; Duamutef, jackal-heade Qebhsennufd d an ; , hawk-headed. The sons of Horus, or Genii of the Dead, as they are also called, were e Cardinal alsth e god th f oo s points; Amset e Southth , ; Hapie th , North; Duamutef e 'Eastth , ; Qebhsennuf s possibli e West t th I , .e that the head of Aniset may in many cases be the portrait of the deceased person. 492-493 Heads of canopic jars in plastered clay., Amset and Qebhsennuf. 494 Head of a canopic jar in painted pottery. Amset. Hea5 canopia 49 f blun dyelloo i d r ean c ja w painted pottery. Amset. 496 Hea stona f do e canopic jar. Hapi. 497 Hea canopia f painten di o r cja d pottery. Hapi. 498 Head of a canopic jar in stone painted black. Amset. 499-500 Heads of canopic jars in composition, painted black. Amset. Qebh- sennnf. 501 Canopic jar of plastered clay. Hapi. 502-503 Dummy canopic jars. Amset. Qebhsennuf. 504-506 Canopic jars. Amset. Hapi (inscribed). Duamutef. See Ins. No. XVI1. Canopi7 50 woodn i r cja .

Ptak-Selcer-Amar figures. These figure e e tombplaceth ar s n i .d They are often hollowed at the back, or in the pedestal, so as to receive sometime e mummifieth s d viscere deceasedth f o a , sometimes rollf o s papyri. Ptah, Sokar Osirid deade an god,e th sar f .so

508 Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure, painted wood, inscribed. See Ins. No. XVIII. 509 Painted wooden Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure, inscribed down the back and front, clothed in a chequered garment. See Ins. No. XIX. 510 Painted wooden Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure, wearing a chequered garment ; on a stand with a crouching hawk. Inscribed back and front. See Ins. No. XX.

496 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

1 Bitumenise51 d wooden figur Osirif o e stann o s d wearin crowe gth f Uppeno r Egypt. 512 Painted wooden Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure on stand. Inscribed on stand. Seeing . XXI.No . ' Ptah-Sokar-Osiri3 51 s figur standn eo , with sliding lid. 514 Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure on stand, with space for a sliding lid. Inscribed back and front. See Ins. No. XXII. 515 Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figur chequered stripen ei an g dwi d garment. Inscribed bac frontd kfrone an th ; t inscriptio illegibles ni InsXXIII. e Se .No . . 6 Ptah-Sokar-Osiri51 s figure. Trace inscriptiof so n bac frontd kan . 517 Wooden Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure, face gilded. Triple row of inscription' dow fronte nth , whic illegibles hi figure Th e. open foro st mboxa . Wooden-Ptah-Sokar-Osiri8 51 s figur n chequerei e d garment. Open foro at ma box. Inscription back and front. See Ins. No. XXIV. Mummies. " Mummy is the term -which is generally applied to the body of a human being, animal, bird, fish or reptile, which has been preserved by means of bitumen, spices, gums, or natron" (Budge, The Mummy, p. 173). Mummificatio t practiseno s nprehistoriwa n di c time Egyptn si ;

. 519No . Mummy from Thebes, showing positio amuletsf no . (T\.) t appeari havo st e been introduce civilisine th y db g peopl conquereo ewh d Egypt at the beginning of the historic period. The process of embalming occupied seventy days ; it was performed by means of natron (carbonate, sulphate, and muriate of soda) and various spices. 519 Mummy from the tomb of Sebau (Ptolemaic), at Thebes, partially un- wrapped, and showing the manner in which the amulets were placed over different e bodypartth f so . 520-521 Mummies of twin children (Greco-Roman). 2 Mumm52 humaa f yo n being. CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM7 49 .

523 Mummies of animals and birds. 524 Mummies of small crocodiles. 525 Mummy of a snake. 6 Mumm52 doga f yo . 527 Mummies of birds made up in the shape oj a crouching hawk. 528 Mummies of animals. 529 Ibis eggs. 0 Mummie53 birdsf so . 531 Locks of hair from mummies. Cartonnage. Afte XXIse th r t Dynasty (B.C. 1100 becamt )i custoe eth m to place the bandaged mummy in a case or cartonnage. The cartonnage

No. 538. Chaplet of Leaves made of Copper Gilt. (J.)

is made of stuccoed linen, painted, gilded, and inscribed. In many cases, cartonnage has been found lined and stiffened with papyri, the rubbish of ancient librariesgreatese th f o t,w whicinteresno e valued har an t . 532-533 Cartonnage cases, painted and inscribed. See Ins. No. XXV. 534-537 Cartonnage heads. Roman period. 8 Cartonnag53 e head, wit hchaplea leavef o t s mad coppef eo r gilt. 9 Cartonnag53 e head. Fragment0 54 cartonnagf so e with black lettering Inse . XXVISe .No . . 540a Cartonnage.—Footpiece e undersid th f coffin o n O paintina o .s ei tw f go captives, wit inscription ha n (se ee sides Ins th . LIV. n bordea ,No .o ; ) r of e frontrosetteth n ,o groups; uaso tw an/c/f . so d an t 498 PROCEEDINGS OJ THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

5406 Breastpieoe. Raised work, painted and gilded ; figures of Osiris, Isis, and Nephthys ; the Ba-bird, crowned with the disk, holding antt (the sign of life eacn i ) h foot.

. 51Qa.No Cartonuage Footpiec f Coffineo , (j.) CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 499

Cartonnag1 54 e portrait. Roman period. 542 Cartonnage mummy-case, painted and inscribed.

No. 550a. Painted Footboard of Coffin,

543 Fragment f gildeo s d cartonnage with raised hieroglyphs e Ins. Se No .. XXVII.

No. 551. Model Coffin with Model Mummy. (J.) 543a Fragment of cartonnage lined with an inscribed papyrus. 500 .PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Coffins are made of wood, decorated and inscribed with more or less elaboration, according to the position of the deceased and the period at whic livede hhi . Coffin e generallar s y e mummfora mad th f mo n i e y

( I™*1 ( •VI M\

No. 557. Painted Wooden Panel— Front.

with a human face ; the hands, carved in relief, are crossed over the breast. 544 Coffin painted and inscribed. See Ins. No. XXVIII. 5 Coffi54 plaif o n n wood, pillared sides. 6 Coffin54 , with twin children. Greco-Roman period. CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 501

547 Bottom part of a highly decorated coffin, bearing the cartouche of Amenhotep II. of the XVIIIth Dynasty. 548 Coffin lid, inscribed Ins e . XXIXSe No .. .

No. 557. Painted Wooden Panel—Back.

549 Head of a wooden coffin. The eyes are inlaid, and there are traces of gilding on the face. 0 Hea woodea 55 f do n coffin. Face painted red. 550a Footboar coffinf do . Painted wood. Hatho carryinw co r e mummygth . See Ins. No. LV. VOL. XXXIII. 2 K 2 50 PROCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18998 TH Y F .O SMA ,

550i Footboard of coffin. Painted wood. Bull with menat amulet and bag.

. 559No . Funeral Canop Paintef yo d Wood.

550c Footboar coffinf do . Painted wood. Bull galloping.

No. 565. Painted Wooden Figure of a Ba-bird. 1 Mode55 l coffin containing model mummy Ins. e XXXSe .No . . CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 503

2 Mode55 l coffi paintef o n d wood, inscription illegible. 553 Model coffin of pottery, inscribed. See Ins. No. XXXI. 4 Blac55 k bitumenised wooden hands fro mcoffina . Woode5 55 n beard, painted gree d yellowan n o imitatt , e plaiting. Froma coffin. Woode6 55 n beard, painted blac yellowd kan . From coffina . 7 Painte55 d wooden pieceso paneltw n i ., Scen f deceaseo e d offerin o Osirit g s enthroned, Isis, and Nephthys. Border of alternate feather and snake. 8 Glaz55 e eye insertingr sfo . From coffina . 9 Canop55 f woodyo , painte inscribedd dan Ins e . XXXIISe .No . . 0 Mode58 l sarcophagu f painteo s d woo d; haw d jackaan k t eithea l r end. See Ins. No. XXXIII. 561-562 Red and black glazed plaques. See Ins. No. XXXIV. 563 Pieces of papyrus wrapped in mummy cloth. Used probably as amulets. 564 Bitumen from a mummy. 565 Painted wooden figure of a Ba-bird. The Ba, which is represented as a human-headed bird, is the form which the Egyptians believed the soul too t deathka . Ichneumo6 56 n box, containin mummyga . Gilded ichneumo topn no . 7 Ichneumo56 paintef o x nbo d wood.

STONE VESSELS.

Stone vessels. Stone vessels have been known from the earliest period. prehistorin I earld can y historic time hardese sth t stones—suc diorits ha e and basalt—were used, in later times the softer stones—alabaster and limestone—were more popular. 568 Prehistoric jar of black basalt. Presented Reve byth . Greville Chesterf .2 x 2 j inches. 569 Black basalt jar. dioritef o r Ja . 0 57 571-575 Alabaster jars. 576-577 Diorite jars. 578 Black basalt jar. 579 Alabaste r fillerja d with clanutsd yan . 580-581 Egg-shaped alabaster jars. Alabaste2 58 r jar, shaped lik emaca e head. Alabaste3 58 r jar, with rim. 584 Alabaster jar, mortar-shaped. Limeston5 58 e jar, with rim. 586 Alabaster jar, with rim. No. E68. Jar of Basalt. 587-588 Lon narrod gan w alabaster jars. 589 Alabaster jar, with rim. 504 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

POTTEEY.

Prehistoric. The method of computing dates in Egyptian history is by three means—(1 y addinb ) g togethee e reign th e th year f th rf o so s kings as given in Manetho's History and in the Turin Historical Papyrus y astronomicab ) (2 ; l calculations base n phenomeno d a mentioned in contemporary inscriptions; (3) by the dates given on contemporary monuments. The basis of Egyptian chronology is, however, the history written by an Egyptian priest named Manetho in the time

No. 591r OrnamenteJa . d with Spirals. (J.)

of Ptolemy Philadelphia. Manetho appears to have had access to records which have since been destroyed, and his chronology, when checke e testimonth y db f contemporaryo y monument f astronomyo d san , s beeha n found correct y meansB . , therefore f thio , s historye ar e w , able to date objects and events of a high antiquity with a degree of certainty quite impossible in other civilisations. The first king of Egypt Menas i , whose date s calculatea , d from Manetho's History B.Cs i , . 4777. Before Mena, there was in Egypt a civilisation very different from that which cam f thieO safte . prehistoriit r c civilisation littl s knowi e t na present, though every yea knowledger addou o t spottere Th . y vessels, CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM5 50 . shaped by hand and not on the potter's wheel, are among the most characteristic objects of the prehistoric civilisation of Egypt. 590 Jar, ornamented with boats and trees. 591 Jar, ornamented with spirals, painted in red, from Ballas. 592 Small jar, ornamented with concentric circles. 593 Small jar, ornamented with horizontal and slanting lines. 594 Small jar, glazed red and black. Presented by Rev. Greville Chester. ' Jars of red and black glaze from Neqada. ) Red glazed jars from Neqada. glazed Re d bowls from Neqada. Jars of unglazed coarse clay. I 595-621« Bowls of unglazed coarse clay. - Presented by Prof. Petrie. Bowls of unglazed fine clay. Fine clay jar, unglazed. Cylindrical jar, with diagonal lines. 1. Large coarse clay jar. Middle Newand Kingdom Late.and 622 Painted jar, with handles. 623 Red glazed jar, broken. 62witr 4Ja h rim. Xllth Dynasty. 625 Jar containing resin, plugged with fibre. Xllth Dynasty.

. 645No . Flat Vases, with Figur t MenasS f eo .

626 Red glazed jar with long neck. Xlllth Dynasty. 627-629 Jars. Xllth Dynasty. 630 Blue-glaze jar. XVIIIth Dynasty. 63r wit1Ja h short spreading neck. XVIIIth Dynasty. 632 Brown glaz r witja e h cartouch f Amenhoteo e p III. (B.C. 1414-1379). XVIIIth Dynasty. 506 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

633 Jar of blue, black, and white. XVIIIth Dynasty. yellod Blu4 an r wit63 ewja d h re lines . XlXth Dynasty. 635 Two-handled glazed jar. XXIInd Dynasty. 636 Four-handled decorated jar. XXIInd Dynasty. 637 Large cone-handled jars. XXVIth Dynasty. 638 One-handled jar. XXVIth Dynasty. 639 Long-necked jar. 640 Blue jar with cloth round the neck. 641 Eed, ribbed, two-handled jar. Roman. 642 Covered jar with one handle, ribbed potteryd re . One-handled'jar3 64 . Roman. 4 Lam64 p shaped lik efroga Roman ? . . 645-649 Flat vases, ornamented with Christian symbols. Two-handled. Describer d D figurean dy b d Joseph Anderso n i Proc.n Soc. Antiq. Scot., vol. xii. p. 98. 0 Two-handle65 d jar. ? Roman. 651 Square jug, ornamented with crosses. Coptic. 652 Bowl. 653 Stand. 654 Saucer. XlXth Dynasty. 655 Flat bowl, red, with white spots. 656 Fragments of painted jar. Ptolemaic. 657 Saucer. 658 Flat bowl of coarse red pottery. 659 Potsherd, hieroglyphic inscription in red. 660 Potsherd, hieratic inscription in black. 661 Saucer. 662 Large painte d inscribean d d jar. Ptolemaic. Published by Rhind n i Thebes: s Tombsit d theiran Tenants, . 160p . No. 662. Painted Jar. 663 Red and yellow long-necked ribbed vase. ? Roman. 664-665 Fruit-shaped objects. Roman. One-handle6 66 d jug imitat,o t painte d re e n dstonei . 667 Ring stand. Glaze8 66 long-necked dre d vase. XVIIIth Dynasty. 669-671 Jug gref so y clay, ornamented with lines. XVIIIth Dynasty. 672-674 Pilgrim bottles, one glazed red. XlXth Dynasty. 675 Yellow jar inscribed. See Ins. No. XXXV. same th f eo shape r ja d . Re 6 67 glazed 677Re d jar. 678 Yellowis r ornamentehja d wit lineshd blacre ,d containinkan g resin. CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM7 50 .

679 Four lipped grey-pottery jar. Xlltli Dynasty. 0 Double68 potteryd vasre f eo . ? XlXth Dynasty. f greo yr Ja pottery 1 68 , ornamente t necda k with dotlinesd XVIIIt? san . h Dynasty. 682 Black long-necked double vase XXt1 . h Dynasty. 683 Bed long-necked vase. XVIIIth Dynasty. 4 Sauce68 finf ro e pottery. 685 Bed saucer. 6 Sauce68 finf ro e yellow pottery, broken. 687 Bough red jar. jard 68.8Be Xllth Dynasty. 9 Blac68 k vase XXt? . h Dynasty. 690 White vase. Ptolemaic. 1 Globula69 vased Xlltre r? . h Dynasty. 692 Long-necked vase, painted in red to imitate stone, inscribed. See Ins. . XXXVINo . 693 Bed glazed vase, inscribed. See Ins. No. XXXVII. 694-697 Arabic pottery. 698 Jug, covered with beads. FUNERAL CONES. Funeral f potteryo Cones e d represenar an , imperishabln i t e material

. 699No . Rectangular Funeral Cone.

the offerings to the dead. They are stamped with the name of the deceased, that they may be his own property throughout all ages.

699 Bectangular funeral cone. Circular stamp of four horizontal lines of inscription Ins e XXXVIII. Se .No . . Circula0 70 r funeral cone. Three vertical line f hieroglyphso s Inse . Se .No . XXXIX. 701 Circular funeral cone. Cartouche-shaped stamp read vertically. See Ins. No. XL. 702 Bectangular funeral cone. Bectangular stamp of three vertical lines of hieroglyphs, and the figure of the deceased. See Ins. No. XLI. 703 Bectangular funeral cone. Bectangular stamp, scene of deceased and his 508 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

wife seated before a table of offerings. Five vertical lines of hieroglyphs Ins e XLII. Se .No . . Circula4 70 r funeral cone. Three horizontal line f inscriptiono s e InsSe .. No. XLIII. 705 Circular funeral cone. Three horizontal lines of inscription. See Ins No. XLIV. 6 Circula70 r funeral cone. Three horizontal line f inscriptiono s e InsSe .. No. XLV.

PERSONAL ORNAMENTS. 707-709 Ivory hairpins. Carnelia0 71 n earring. 711 Alabaster earring. 712 Stone earring. 713 Necklace of cloves. 714-715 Ivory bracelets, flat vertically. 716-717 Small ivory bracelets, flat horizontally. 718 Shell earring. 719 Bronze necklet. 720-721 Wooden rings. 722-725 Bronze Coptic crosses. Modern. 726 Metal necklace with pendants. 7 Necklac72 clovef eo beadsd san . 728 Necklace of shells. 729 Necklace of stone and flat shell beads. 730 Metal ring set with carnelian. 731-732 Brass earrings. 733-734 Copper earrings. Earrin5 73 mother-of-pearlf go , shells beadsd , coinsre d . an , Earrin6 73 mother-of-pearlf go ,beadsd shellsre d . an , 737 Metal earring. 8 Earrin73 blacf g o yello d kan w beads, coins shellsd an , . 739 Earring of green and blue beads, and shells. 740-741 Gilded metal hairpins with long pendants. 742-744 Silver armlets. Bras5 74 s armlet. Woode6 74 n armlets from Nubia. 747 Bracelet of bead-work. Bracele8 74 shelf beadso td lan . 749-750 Bracelets of red coral. 751-753 Metal bracelets. 754 Metal bracelet with long pendants. 755 Glass bracelet. 756 Metal bracelet. 757-759 Brass bracelet neckletd san , cable pattern. CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM9 50 .

USHABTI FIGURES. These are the figures of the farm-servants which are placed in the tom e decease woro fieldbth e t r th Araruf kingdoe k fo o s n th i d n i , f mo Osiris, i.e. the world of the Dead. The duty of the Dead was to till the fields e canalfilo t th , l s with carro water t e sand yth dan , from easo t t west; and these tasks were fulfilled by the ushahti, thus leaving the deceased master fre enjoo t e e underworly th lif n ei same th en d i manne r tha passee h livingte worle wore tims th th d f hi Th dn o ei . "ushabti" means Answerer, for he answered his master when the master called on him to fulfil his tasks. These small mummy-shaped figures are known froe Xlltmth h Dynasty, takin e modele placth th g f f o servanteo s s which were earlie e burietome th th n bi rn d i supposes timesi t I . d that the models of servants replaced the living slaves who were sacrificed at their masters' graves.

XVIIIth and XlXth Dynasties. 760 Ushabti in painted wood. 761-762 Ushabt painten i d wood. 763 Wooden ushabti with black lettering. Name, Tehuti-sat(?). 764 Alabaster ushabti. Name, Neb-maat-ri-nub. Blu5 76 e glaze iishabti, inscribed wit hcartoucha e (broken). 766 Limestone ushabti. Name, Amen-em-an-es/i. Inscribed wit e sixtth h h chapte Deade Booe Ins e . LIIIth th Se f f .kNo o ro . . 767 Wooden bitumenised ushabti. Name, Pa-ur. Woode8 76 n bitumenised ushabti, inscribed wit e royahth l name Men-/cAeper- BA in a cartouche. 769-770 Wooden bitumenised ushabti. Woode1 77 n bitumenised ushabti. Inscription obliterated. 772 Alabaster usbabti. Inscription illegible. XXth to XXVth Dynasties. 773 Ushabti in painted pottery. Name, Amen-em . . . 774 Painted pottery ushabti, with Ba-bird on breast. 775 Ushabti in painted pottery. 6 Potter77 y ushabti, painted red, yellow blued an , . 777-778 Ushabt painten i d pottery. 779 Blue glaze ushabti. Name, Bak-en-set. 780 Blue glaze ushabti. Name, Hor. 781 Blue glaze ushabti. Name, Nesi-seten-net. 782 Blue glaze ushabti. Name, illegible. 510 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

Blu3 78 e glaze taskmaster ushabti. Name, Osiris.

Ushabti Figures.

4 Gree78 n glaze ushabti (discoloured). Name, Nes-pa-her-ef-hat. CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM1 51 .

785 Green painted ushabti. Name, .... Ast. 786 Blue glaze ushabti, painted inscription now illegible. 787 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Tehuti(?)-mes. Blu8 78 e glaze taskmaster ushabti. Name, Ast-aren(?). 789 Blue glaze ushabti. Name . Ast . , . . Sh. . 790 Blue glaze taskmaster ushabti. Name, T/ien-Amen. 791-794 Blue glaze ushabti. Nam eachn eo , 27i,en-Amen.

Ushabti Figures.

Blu5 79 e glaze ushabti. Name t (?)A , . Blu6 79 e glaze ushabti. Name, Uab-un. Granit7 79 e ushabti, broken. Name, Peda-Amen-Apt. 798-799 Blue glaze taskmaster ushabti. 0 Gree80 n glaze taskmaster ushabti. 801-803 Blue glaze ushabti. Gree4 80 n glaze ushabti. 805-812 Blue glaze ushabti. 813-814 Glazed ushabti. 512 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

XXVIth Dynasty.

815-816 Green glaze usliabti. Name, PsemiTiek, born of Ta-ttered-An/c/it. 817 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Hor, bor Mert-Neithf no . 818 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Baku(?)-Hap, born of Seni/i-Amen. 819-820 Green glaze usliabti. Name, Nefert-her Ta-netert-hes(?)f o m bo , . 821 Green glaze. Name, Peda-Ast. 822 Green glaze usliabti. Name mothers Hi , Hov. . , . Mer-Nubteta . 823 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Uafet-i'u-em-hesep, born of Merut. 824 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Her-f, born of Ta-7c/iered-Min. 825-826 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Pa-bak-en(?), bor Neter-sAest(?)f no . 827 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Hor-har-abu, bor f U(?)-ka-mertetno . 828 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Em-nebu-pehti, born of Ta-7c/iered-Ast. 829 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Hor-ab, born of Peda-Osiris. 830-831 Green glaze ushabti. Name, PsemNeith, bor f An7cft-es-teno s (?). 834-835 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Peda-Amen . . . , born of Aa. 6 Gree83 n glaze ushabti. Name, Hor, bor T-ra-netef no r (?). 837 Green glaze ushabti. Name, Hor-nettt (broken). 838 Blue glaze ushabti. 839 Blue glaze ushabti, inscribed (broken). 840 Green glaze ushabti. Inscription illegible. 841 Very small green glaze ushabti. 842 Green glaze uninscribed ushabti. 843 Ushabti box, inscribed with Seten-da-hetep formula for Ankh-Kheasu. Contains a hundred rude clay ushabtis, and sixteen terra-cotta ushahtis. 844 Ushabti box, inscribed with Seten-da-hetep formula for ... Amen. Con- tains nineteeblacd an kd npotterre y ushabtis beine on , g inscribed. 845 Ushabti box, inscribed with the name of Peda-Ast. Contains sixteen glazed ushabtis. 846 Ushabti box, painte inscribedd dan . Name, Pa-mer-(?)Tehuti.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Bronze froe founs i earliese us m th n di t prehistoric times. 847 Bronze arrow-head with long tang. From Ekhmfm. 848-852 Bronze arrow-heads. Fragmen3 85 inlaif o t d wor bronzen ki . Para bird' f o t s wing. Presentey db Prof. Petrie. 4 Fragmen85 bronzf o t e work. Dis hornsd kan . 855 Bronze figure wearing the double crown. Wood.e woodTh s commonl e yEgyptian th use y db e sycamorar s e and acacia. CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM3 51 .

856 ' Piece of wood carved with the cartouches of Rameses II. of the PH XlXth Dynasty Inse . XLVISe No . . . 857 Fragment of wood, inscribed. See Ins. No. XLVII. 858 Fragment ot wood, inscribed. 859-860 Hieroglyphs (lies signs) carved in wood for inlaying. 861-863 Fragments of carved wood. 864 Fragmen carvef o t d woo d; feathe r dress. 865 (£J t Fragment of carved wood ; part of head-dress. 866 Wooden figure. XlXth Dynasty. 867-868 Urae f painteio d wood, crowned with disks• . 869-870 Painted wood uraei, wearin crowe gth Uppef no r Egypt. 871-872 Painted wood uraei, wearing the crown of Lower Egypt. 873 Pierced wooden object of unknown use. 4 Painte87 d wooden figureIns e . XLVIIISe No . . . 5 "Woode87 n figure, much damaged. "Woode6 87 lidx nbo . 877-878 Double feathers in painted wood. 879-881 Walking-sticks. 882 Fragment of gilded wood with raised hieroglyphs.

Pottery, glaze d unglazeddan e arf glazino tTh . g potter n variouyi s colours was known, in Egypt from very early times. The favourite colours were blue and green in all shades ; red, violet, and yellow are commono s t no . 883 Blue glaze plaque, inscribed on both sides with the name of Queen Hats/iepsut, of the XVIIIth Dynasty (B.C. 1516-1481). Probably from foundatioa n deposit Ins. e XLIXSe No . . . 884 Blue paste cylinder with square hole. 885 Bosette of blue glaze, pierced for sewing. 886 Fragment of pottery. Ear. , 7 Gree88 n glazed object. Possibl amuletn ya . 887a Blue glaze object, probably an amulet. 8876 Green glaze object, possibly an amulet. 8 Gre88 y glaze pendant. 9 Pai moulds88 f ro shapn i , Amsetf eo castinr fo , gfigura glazen ei d ware. 0 Terra-cott89 a figure. Terra-cott1 89 a figur shrinen i e . 892 Female figur terra-cottan ei , standing betwee lotuseso ntw .

Stone. 893-894 Scribes' palette basaltn si . 895 Fragment of stone, painted in a hexagonal pattern. 896 Fragment of alabaster dish with handle. 897-898 Stone objects, possibly amulets. 4 51 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE , 18998 TH Y .F O SMA ,

Bricks. 899-900 Bricks stamped with the name of Queen HaMepsut of the XVIIItli Dynasty (B.C. 1516-1481). 901-902 Bricks. These were made of Nile mud mixed with chopped straw, sundriethe . and din When use royadfor l buildings, they were stamped wit reigninname e hth th f eo g king. Various. 3 Brus90 h mad f fibreeo . 904 Fragments of glass. 905 Clay Seal. Ka, MaAt, and Anubis in a cartouche. Hieroglyphs reading " Belove f Anubis.o d " Publishe e Bircy db th n hi Rhind Papyri, pi. xii. 906 Lump of wax covered with grains of corn. 907 Iron key. From Thebes. Scarabaeu8 90 s beetle. Papyri and Ostraka. Papyrus is made from the pith of a reed which grew in the marshes near the' Nile. The character used for writing was the cursive or hieratic, and in later times the demotic, which was merely a modification of hieratic. The hieroglyphic characters were used chiefly for monumental inscriptions .l kindal Papyr f o sliterature: e iar , domestic accounts, religious texts, charms, legal documents, medical prescriptions, are found written on papyri. OstraJca (from the Gr. OO-TPO.KOV, an oyster-shell) are flakes of limeston r otheeo r stone inscribe n hieratici d , demoti r Coptico c . Thee yar generally of late date, and the inscriptions on them are of the same varied characte papyrie thos, th as rn eo . 909 Papyri. Publishe Birchy db . 910 Scraps of inscribed papyrus. 911 Cast of the Rosetta Stone. The Rosetta Stone, now in the British Museum, is a tri-lingual inscription in Greek, demotic, and hieroglyphics. By its means, Jean Francois Champollion discovered in 1822 the true method of reading Egyptian hieroglyphics. 2 Limeston91 e ostrakon, inscribed with fifteen line Copticf so . 913 Limestone ostrakon, inscribed with eight lines of Coptic. 4 Limeston91 e ostrakon, inscribe botn do h sides with twenty-two line Copticf so . 5 Limeston91 e ostrakon, inscribed with seven line hieraticf so . 916 Limestone ostrakon, inscribed with fifteen lines of hieratic. 7 Ostrakon91 , inscribed with sixteen line hieraticf so . 918 Ostrakon of wood covered with plaster, inscribed in hieratic. 9 Woode91 n tablets, waxed havind an , g remain Coptia f so c inscription. CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM5 51 .

The following objects from the site of Hierakonpolis are chiefly of the prehistoric and early dynastic periods. Presented by Professor Flinders Petrie. Glazed ware. 920 Ape in green glazed pottery. 921 Scorpion in green glazed pottery. 922 Haw green ki n glazed pottery (broken). 923 Oryx in green glazed pottery. 924 Blue glazed spiral tubular beads. Blu5 92 e glazed mode stana f r curveo l dfo d jars. Pottery. 926-928 Pointed jars of coarse pottery, with rims. 18, 16, and 15 inches high. 929 Pointe coarsf o r dja e pottery, with inche 2 rim1 . s high. blacd an kd 93 glaz0Re e jar. 8 6Jx f inches. 931-934 blacConicad an kd glazre l e jars. 7f45J, d J7 , ,an inche heightn si . 935-940 Jars with lin f waveeo d ornament serieA . s showing degeneracf yo for designd man . Cylindrica1 94 l jar, ornamented with waved lined witan ,h painted black diagonals. 8J x 4J inches. 942 Unglazed jar. 3 Bow94 unglazef o l potteryd dre . 944-947 Saucers of coarse unglazed red pottery varying from 7J to 4| inches in diameter. Stone. Cylindrica8 94 l alabaster jar, with lin wavef o e d ornament. Filled with aro- matic fat and sealed with clay. 8J x 3| inches. 949 Cylindrical alabaster jar, 3f x 2-J- inches. 950 Cylindrical alabaster jar. 12} x 5 inches. Nbs. 935-940 are of the same period as Nos. 948-950, and show the same degeneracy of form and design. 951 Flattish alabaster bowl-shaped jar, with movable ring. 7x7 inches. 952 Alabaster bowl. 8 inches in diameter x 3f inches in height. Pierce3 95 d alabaster circular disk. 5J inche diametern si . 954 Alabaster saucer inscribed with o armscorpiotw s d hanginan n g down. 4| inches in diameter. 955 Alabaster saucer. 4f inches in diameter. 956-959 Mace-head whitf so e stone, pear-shaped. 960 Mace-head of diorite, disk-shaped. 961 Oval-shaped fragment of fine-grained black granite ; possibly a weight. 4 5jx | inches. 962-964 Oblong, polished, whetstone-like implements of green stained quartz. 965 Very large flint flake, 31 x 10^ inches, worked to a sharp edge along both sides. 966 Pebble rubbinr fo , g green malachit slata n eo palett eye-paintr efo . 516 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

ScMlpture. 967 Figure of Osiris, seated ; in slate (broken). 3 x 1J inches. 968 Figur hawkgranita d f ere o n i , e (broken). 4x3 inches. 969 Fragmen hea e colossaa th f df o o t l hawk blacn i , k granite. 8x6 inches. 970 Female figure blacn i , k granite (broken). 11x4 inches. 971 Head of a bearded man, in black granite. 5J x 3| inches. 972 Figur mana f limestonn ei o , e (broken). 973 Tors priesa f oo t wearin gleopard'a s ski n; wit h plint t hbacka blacn i , k granite. 8 x 5J inches. 974 Corner stone of slate with mouldings of cornice (broken). 5| x 4 inches. 975 Fragmen limestonef o t . Inscribed Inse . LVISe .No . . 976 Fragmen d granitere f o t , shape foro dt ma corner . Inscribed Inse Se .. No. LVII. 977 Limestone fragment. Inscribed sigA . n l herd thatheral s an ei s t i e legible. 978 Portio limestonf no e ushabti. Inscribed Inse . LVIIISe .No . . 979 Fragmen limestonef o t , shape foro dt mcornera . Inscribed Inse . Se .No . LIX. 980 Curved fragmen slatef o t . Thi s beesha n use t somda e perio paletta s da e; the back is worn in a deep hollow with rubbing. Incised design of the Boat of the Sun ; only the stern with rudder and part of the sky- sign remain. The inscription, with the exception of a few signs, is illegible. 981 Slate stela (broken). Incised design on both sides. a. Figures of the deceased and his wife worshipping ; the latter holds a sistrum. Inscribed. LX Inse . Se .No . p. Figures of Isis wearing disk and horns, and Horus as a mummied hawk wearing the double crown. Hieroglyphs giving the names of the two deities. 982 Fragment of limestone, probably the base of a statue or statuette of the king. Inscribed Ins e . LXISe .No . . 983 Fragment of black granite ushabti. Inscribed. See Ins. No. LXII. 984 'Fragment of black granite, shaped to form a corner. Inscribed. See LXIII. InsNo . . 985 Fragmen f blaco t k granite, shape o fort d a mcorner . Inscription very fragmentary. 986 Limestone stela (broken). Inscribed Ins e . LXIVSe .No . . 987 Limestone stela (broken). Inscribed Inse . LXVSe .No . . 988 Fragmen limestonef o t . Inscribed Inse . LXVISe .No . . 989 Limestone stela. 9^x7 inches. Scene, deceased, holding a.lotus, seated befor a tablesacreo f offeringse toptw o e e th de th t ,th Eye A d . an s Shen sign. Inscribed. See Ins. No. LXVII. 990 Part of a lintel in limestone. 2'5 x 9J inches. Inscribed. See Ins. No. LXVIII. 991 Limeston o Eyed She tw e topan s eth n e stelat ,th sign A .. Scene: Hor-nettt and his wife Ahmes worshipped by Hor-nefc/it. Inscribed. See Ins. No. LXIX. 992 Fragment of limestone, inscribed with part of a royal ka-name, beginning Ka-nettt, " Mighty Bull." CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 517

993 Fragmen limestonef o t , inscribed wit e cartouchhth e Ramesef eth o f o . sII XlXth Dynasty. See Ins. No. LXX. 994 Fragment of limestone, engraved with two hieroglyphs. Fragmen5 99 limestonf o t e inscribed . LXXI Inse No . Se .. 996 Portio f limestonno e stela, carvereliew botn lo o f n dhi 11 x sides3 J8 x 1 . inches. Curve tope th . t da «. Ea, seated before table of offerings, holding the uas-sceptre and the sign of life ; crowned with disk and uraeus. See Ins. No. LXXII. p. Par tablf o t offeringsf eo .

INSCRIPTIONS. These Inscriptions are upon the several objects enumerated under the respective numbers in the previous portion of the Catalogue. No. 121. Hypocephalus. I. I am Amen in the secret places. Behold, I am ..... the divine father, the prophet ..... Pa-enti. . 415No . Blac wifes hi k .basald an n t statuma a f eo . (ReaII d from righ lef o verticat n i t l columns.) 1...... the Saite nome (?). 2...... the Saite nome (?), the city Buto. 3. .... e palaceth f .o s ....e southerth f o . n citye propheth , t Uah-ab-ra. fathers 4palacesHi e .chiee th th ,f o f , Peda-Her-res-net, 5. Bor f ....no . 6...... Neith-akert. No. 416. Fragment of a granite statue. III. Front. (Five lines read from righ lefo t t horizontally.) 1...... Nes-nefer-her, deceased, born of the lady of the house, S/iepset bar s-h-r, deceased. whilgive 4m .h hi ey ....e livingMa sun.e dise th .f th k o ...... It is thou that art like. 5...... Land o joinin tw followin n i se gth time gth ehimt a , of million f ....so . . (Rea1 Top. d from righ lefo t t vertically.) Lor Crownsf do , belove f Ameno d , Osorkon. e (Thinamth s i es of XXIIne Osorkoth f o . dnII Dynasty, about B.C. 866-833.) . (Rea2 d from lef righo t t t vertically.) ' Give favouy kinge nb th f o .r Side. (Read from left to right vertically.) 1...... Pa-de-Her, deceased. 2. son of the beloved of the god, the commander of the soldiers Housthe Amenof eof scrib3. the , ....eof . 4. of the House of Amen, Nes-Ptah-nefer-her. (Read from right to left vertically.)' 5. Loved and favoured ..... beloved of the god 6. Amen-Ra, king of the gods, lord of heaven. VOL. XXXIII. 2 L 518 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

No. 426. Fragment of granite. IV. 1. (Read from right to left horizontally.) erp&-hae Th Se-Her-em-afc/it-heh greae .....d th , go t . . (Bea2 d from lef righo t t t vertically.) ...... KTiensu, son of the judge, the superintendent ...... 431No . Limestone statuett brothea f eo sisted ran r seated. V. a. (Read from right to left vertically.) 1...... His sister beloved from the .depth of his heart. 2. May the king give an offering to Amen-Ra-'Horai/iti ; may he give sighe th t of the Sun at its risinrisi nUr-en-mo gt .

431No. . Bac Limestonkof e Statuett Brothea eof Sisterand r , showing Inscription. e kinth gy giv 3Ma n offerin. a e o Mut t ge .grea th , t one, mistress of As/ieru ; may she give an offering of flowers for the Osiris Ur-en-m...... e Kinth y g giv4 Ma .n offerina e Khensao t g n Thebesi , Neferhotep; may he give water and incense to the Osiris Ur-en-m...... 5. May the king give an offering to Osiris Unnefer ; may he give food Osirie th o st anUr-en-mr dai . .... 6. May the king give an offering to Isis, the great one, the divine mother ; may she give water and incense daily to the Osiris Ur-en-m. .... e figures.drese th th f n so ft.(O ) l fooAl d oftablee deceasedfe th gives i Amef th t so o nt Mu n d .Raan No. 435. Granite osiride figure. VT...... Living for ever ..... CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM9 51 .

. 444No . Stel paintef ao d limestone. VII. Osiris1 . , (heLory )lifef dMa o giv . e offering l fooal df o s.... . 2. «...... great, Lord of Abydos, may lie give funeral offerings of bread, beer, oxen, birds ..... ft...... at the opening of the year, and the New year, in every feas everf o t y day. 7...... the royal nib-priest, the good god, Shabataka, deceased. 8. .... uab-prieste .th divine ,th e wife, Shepemenap. «..... horizone th . bringe h , s f...... those who fail not (i.e., the seven stars of the south). . 445No . Square-topped limestone stela. VIII . Ame1 . n .... Landso . Tw throne e Lor.e th f th do f so 2. The good god, Men-maat-Ra, giving life, Sune th ,f o Set n ySo Mer-Ptah . 3 , like Ha, 4. For ever, eternally. No. 446. Limestone tablet. IX. Ptah, Lord of the Two Lands ..... Ne/cfit en Ast, Amen Ra. . 448No . Table brighf o t t blue glaze. X. 1. Osiris Unnefer. greae th . t2 god, rule Thebesf ro , 3. lord of eternity, making 1 for ever. 4. Mad Thothy eb Ameny b , . 5. Ka-re ..... deceased. No. 449. Tablet of bright blue glaze. XI. o. 1. Osiris, Lord of Eternity, 2. Unnefer, . Rule3 Eternityf o r . 4. The Osiris, maker 5. Of the.lazuli of Amen, 6. Rett Amen. e OsirisTh . p , makelazule th f Amenf ro o i , Re&7t Amen. Nos. 450-463. Small wooden tesserae. XII. 1. Nebau, daughter of Sa Turn. 2. Taui. Servants' name s: Neferu-em-hat-ef , Nefer-renpet. 3. Tata. Servants' names : Ta, ISTeferu-em-hatef, Nefer-renpet. . Pet-ka-aa5 d an 4 . 6, 7 and 8. Pet-puy. 9. Ptah-meryt. 10. Sat-Hqr. 11. Nefer-Amen. 12. Uaay. . 13Hent-An14 . . e princessenamee Thesth th e f seo ar f Thotlimeso s XVIIIte IIIth f .o h Dynasty (B.C. 1481-1449). These tessera publishee ear RhindBirce y db th n hi Patryri, pi. xii.d an , the translations by "Wiedemann in the Aeyyptische Zeitschrvft, xxi. 123.

CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM1 52 .

No?. 464-466. Small wooden tablets inscribe Greekn di . XIII . Orioa . n ] Psenionthe[soof n s p thi[seu ts monument 1o Tsa'is]t , aged (1year0 2 ) s (1). j3. Orion [son of] Pamon [thes 1] died (1) lie lived 38 years. 7. Tsose [daughter of] Pecusis lived 46 years. No. 467. Small wooden tablet. XIV. This is illegible except for the word " Panes," which is probably a proper name. No. 468. Small wooden tablet. forr [o ] o TaltisT . . XV Lord, have. mercme n yo No. 469. Terra-cotta slab inscribed in coptic. XVI. For the memory of the blessed Victor. He entered into rest on the twenty .... indicationh 8t Mesoref e o . th n i . No. 505. Canopic jar. XVII Osirie Th . s Amset Osirie th , s bor Hornsf no ...... 508No . Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure paintef o , d wood. XVIII. May the king give an offering to Osiris, Lord of Life. May he give all offerings [for] Besy. No. 509. A similar figure. XIX. (Read vertically from right to left.) a. Words spokeOsirie th y nsb Peh-ta (1). e kinth gy givy8 Ma n .offering't a e o Osiris TT/ient Amentiu greae th , t god, Lord of Abydos. May he give ..... No. 510. A similar figure, on a stand with crouching hawk. . (ReaXX d vertically from righ left.o t t ) a. Words spoken by the Osiris Da-es-Ment, deceased, son of Peda-Bast, deceased ..... ft. May the king give an offering to Osiris Khwnt Amentiu, the great god, Lor giv e f Abydosh do ey funeraMa . l offering thousandf o s s of oxen, birds, and incense. No. 512. A similar figure, on a stand. XXI...... Kli&nt Amentiu greae th , t god, Lorgive f h heaven do ey Ma . all things. No. 514 simila.A r figure standa n o , . XXII. (Read vertically from righ left.o t t ) a. Words spokeOsirise houseth e lade th y n b th ,f yo , Ru-rn, deceased. same 8. aTh s e. a No. 515 simila.A chequered an r g figurewi dn i ,garment . XXIII. (Read vertically from right to left.) Worthy before Osiris e greath , t god, lor f Restauo d Osiris e Th e .th , divine father, the royal acquaintance, the high-priest of Mill, great gof Koptoo d s .... f ..... o Seker n so ., bor f Ar-ruto n , deceased. 522 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

No. 518. A similar figure, in chequered garment. XXIV. (Kead vertically from righ left.o t ) a. May the king give an offering to Osiris Khenk Amentiu, the great god, lorgiv e f Abydosh do e y ....Ma . . ever upoy e yda nth kae f o altath r rfo £. the Osiris, the divine father of Amen in Thebes of the house of Amen, Auf-Amen, deceased s son e divinHi ,th . e fathe f Ameo r n in Thebes of the house of Amen. .... No. 532. Painted cartonnage case. XXV. The nineteenth chapter of the Book of the Dead refers to the Crown of Justification. a. The glorious chaplet of the House of the Son of the Sun in the dis- tric f Pegao t . || Hail, Osiris e sistrum-beareth , f Amen-Raro , Nest-netert-ten, deceased, daughte Ahmes. divinr. e o. f th . e,. deceased, born of the ..... of Amen-Ra, Ta-kus/t, deceased. Arranges || for thee thy father Ra, father of the gods, this beautiful chaplet of justification. ft...... the great cycle of the gods in the palace, the great one in Heliopolis, he takes the crown of Ra. || Hail to thee ! Thy face is beautiful and shining. Arranges Ptah-Seker ..... thy, Thoth e raiseh , beautifuy th se beautie th e l f se faco s o t e thin .... e matet-boate eey eyebrowth o s .a tw e y ar th s; s tha e s Tury e heagoda e baccycl th th th s i f n dsf ; ko o 1e 1 as Anubis, thy forehead as Ra who stands upon it ..... No. 540. Fragments of cartonnage. XXVI. Gives a woman's name " Ka-beh " ; and a man's titles, " the Osiris, the divine father, prophet of Amen," and the name ? Au-ana. No.- 543. Fragment gildef so d cartonnage. XXVII . Ia .. (Read vertically from righ left.o t ) .... Osirise divine Th . th , e father prophee th , f Ameo t n i Thebes, Pe-4/iesem-Hor, deceased. Son of the divine father, the prophet of Amen in Thebes, Hor, deceased. Born of the e houseth lad e sistrum-bearef th o y, f Ameno r , Ta-senni, deceased. 2. (Read horizontally from righ left.o t ) ..... of Nephthys. Make numerous for thee thy ...... (Rea3 d horizontally from righ left.o t ) funerae ....th s i lt .I offering f brea beero sd dan , oxed nan birds. Royae 8Th .l acquaintance ...... (Rea7 d from righ lef o verticat n i t l columns.) Hail, Osiris, the divine father, the prophet of .Amen in Thebes, Pe-tftesem-en-Hor, deceasedf Horo n , deceasedSo . . Borf no the lady of the house, the sistrum-bearer of Amen. . 544No . Painted coffin. XXVIII greatee Th . e inscriptionr th par f o t s consis repetitioa f o t prayersf no , chiefly to Osiris and Anubis. The horizontal inscription on the CATALOGU F EGYPTIAO E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM3 52 .

left-hand side, reads :—Ma kine yth g giv offerinn ea Osiriso t g , lord of eternit Amentif o d ygreae an th , t god, lor f Abydoso d , Unnefer, rule f lifeo r e ,Nort kin th d Southf go han , rule f eternityo r o t ; Ptah-Seker, lord of ...... (to) Anubis, lord of the Sacred Land, chief in the shrine, resting in the hall (lit. place) of Truth, going forth from the two horizons, crowned with the Atef crown, making light the two lands, the two eyes being in splendour. May they give funeral offerings, thousand f cattleo s , thousand f birdso s , thousands of incense and of clothing, thousands of offerings (hetepu), thousand foof so d offerings (zefu)l thingal f o , s goo purel d al dan f o , things swee growingd tan , wine and. oil Osirise , [foth e Ka] rth ,of the lady of the house, the singer of Amen-Ra, Nest-ta-tep, daughter of the lady of the house, the singer of Amen-Ra, king of the gods, Zed-ttensu-aus-anto, deceased, daughtehousee e th lad th f yo f , o r the singer of Amen-Ra, king of the gods A ..... deceased. No. 548. Coffin lid. XXIX. This is either a forgery or a very late inscription in which hieroglyphs are strung together without sense or meaning. No. 551. Model coffin containing model mummy. XXX. a. Words spokeWorthe th y nb y before Hapi. . Wordp s spoke Hapiy nb . y. Words spoken by the Osiris Au ..... S. Words spoke Osirie th y snb Pi'aasayse H .: Hai Horno lt s ..... e otheTh r columns giv namee e godseth th f ,o s Anubis , Dnatmutefd an , Geb. No. 553. Model coffin of pottery. XXXI, (Bead vertically from righ left.o t ) May the king give an offering to Osiris ..... lord of Deddu, the great god, lor Abydof do s ..... like Ha. No. 559. Painted canopy of wood. XXXII, Publishe Rhiny db Thebes:n di s Tombsit their d an Tenants. . 560No . Model sarcophagu paintef so d wood. XXXIII. May the king give an offering to Osiris /c/ient Amentiu, the great god, lord of heaven. Nos. 561-562. Beblacd dan k glazed plaques. XXXIV Osirie Th . s iiA-mennu, deceased, lor devotionf do . No. 675. Yellow jar. XXXV...... Son, Amen ..... No. 692. Long-necked vase, painted red to imitate stone. XXXVI. (Read from righ lef o verticat n i t l columns.) The Osiris, the scribe, M ...... deceased, (born of) the lady of house th belove) e(? himy db , Amen-nefer, justified before Osiris. No. 693. Bed glazed vase. XXXVII. .... heavenn i . . 524. PROCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18998 TH Y F .O SMA ,

No. 699. Rectangular funeral cone. XXXVIII. Overseer of the royal harem, User-hat, horn of Sab(?)-ne&/tt, born of Serum house e lade th th ,f yo , jSAetet-ma(? sAa)-u-ap (?). . 700No . Circular funeral cone. XXXIX e seconTh . d prophe f Meii-tteper-Bao t , Amen-em-ka s wifHi e. Remai-Ra-mery. No. 701. Circular funeral cone. . Oversee XL housee th f o r, Ra-en-su. No. 702. Rectangular funeral cone. XLI. Royal chancellor, second prophet f Ameno , , ..... em-Amen, deceased ..... second prophet of Men-M*per-Ra. No. 703. Rectangular funeral cone. XLII...... nu, Seten-annu (?) deceased. The lady of the house, Sennu. . 704No . Circular funeral cone. XLIII. Worthy before Osiris, the prophet ..... men. No. 705. Circular funeral cone, XLIV. Royal ..... Superintendent of the house of lions. Scribe of ..... Superintenden granarye th f o t , Amen-neb, deceased. No. 706. Circular funeral cone. XLVe Osiris e Th divin.th , e superintendent, Nettt-men-ttepere Th . lady of the house, Hennut. . 856No . Piec f carveeo d wood. XLVI. User-maafc-Ra e Sun,th chosef ,o Lor f n Raf o Crownsno d So , , Rameses. No. 857. Fragment of wood. XLVII...... Horus ttent -KTtetyt, for the to of ... . . No. 874. Painted wooden figure. XLVIII. Pries Amef o t Thebesn ni , Nettt-ef-Mut. (This figure is published in Quibell's- Ramesseum, pi. ii. 4, and page 11.) No. 883. Blue glaze plaque. XLIX divine Th . e wife, Hatsheps .... . 30tL h e chapte DeadBooe th th f f o k. o r Fro e papyrumi th An f so and the papyrus of Nebseni. My heart, my mother ; my heart, my mother ! my heart whereb ycamI e int naughy o beinMa t g! stan d uopposo pt e m e at [myj judgment; may there be no opposition to me in the presence of the sovei'eigri princes ; may there be no parting of thee from me in the presence of him that keepeth the Balance ! Khnemka,dwelled y e Thobodyy th m go t m o e uar n rth i ;uwh knitteth and strengtheneth my limbs.' Mayest thoti come forth int place oth f happines eo Shenite th y (i.e.,Ma s whithe . go e rw CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM5 52 .

the divine officers of the court of Osiris), who form the con- dition livee th menf so f st o caus , no namy em stinko et t i t Le . satisfactore b f hearo y t thertle jo unt e d yeh ountan , ut sa ous the weighing of words. Let not that which is false be uttered agains e befor m te grea th e t god e lor th f ,Amentet do . Verily how great shalt tho whee ub n thou rises triumphn i t . Budge, Book of the Dead, Translation, p. 79. e SetenTh . ddLI hetep formuladdresn a e god th s o gran t so wa t sa t sustenance to the ka (or double) of the deceased. Originally, sacrifices were offered at the tombs, but in time pictures and inscriptions took the place of sacrifices, and were supposed to have the same effect on the ka as the original sacrifices. There are two forms of the Seten dd hetep formula which are repeated continually, varying in length, and in the names and titles of the gods and of the deceased. a. No. (442). May the king give an offering to Osiris TInnefer, the great god, Lord of Abydos. May he give thousands of offerings, thousand f beerso , thousand f oxenso , thousand f birdso s , thousands of linen-cloths, thousands of clothing, thousands of incense, thousands of oil, thousands of wine, thousands of milk, thousands of every offering, thousands of foods, thousands of everything good and pure, thousands of everything growing and sweet, for the ka of the Osiris Ahat, deceased. j8. (No kine .th 436)gy giv Ma .offerinn ea Osirio gt s Ment Amentiue th , great god, Lor giv e Abydosf h d o e y glorMa heaven.n y i , strength on earth, before Geb, and a good burial in. the underworld for the ka of the Osiris, the lady of the house, Shepset-araru, deceased. LIIe Zed-meduTh . formula differs fro e Setenm th hotepd d e onlth n yi opening words. Words spoken by Hora/c/iti. May he give funeral offerings, consist- ing of bread and beer, thousands of birds and oxen, etc., for the ka of (Name of deceased). LIII. Fro Papyrue mth f Nebsenio s tho0 . u sliabti e scribfigurth f eo e woradjudgey e Nebsenib an called ke I o b f whatd i I o r dt f o , i , - soever of the labours which are to be done in the underworld —behold, [for thee] opposition will t aside—btherse e n eb ma ya in his turn, let the judgment fall upon thee instead of me always, in the matter of sowing the fields, of filling the watercourses with water, and of bringing the sands of this east (to) the west. [The shabti figure ariswereth] Verily I am here [and will come] whithersoever thou biddest me. Budge, Book Dead,e oth f Translation. 27 . p , LIV. May all thine enemies fall under thy feet. . WordLV s spoke y Osirib n s ttent Amentiu e greath , t god, lorf o d Abydos ..... Pema, deceased worthe th , y one. 6 52 PROCEEDING SE SOCIETY , O18998 TH F Y .MA ,

. 975No . Fragmen limestonef o t . LVI. (Kead from left to right in vertical columns.) The Worship of Horns of the Two Horizons, living ..... (The name of the God is in a cartouche.) No. 976. Fragment of red granite. I/VTI. (Bead from right to left horizontally.) 1. .... Pedf o a u. k ....foe rth . 2. .... offices nobleness) hi (? n , i s .grea hi n i .t 3rd line unintelligible. No. 978. Limestone ushabti. LVIII. (Bead from right to left horizontally.) 1...... the chief prophet of ..... 2. Amen .... o. ..a f. k .e .th . 979No . Fragmen limestonef o t . LIX. (Read from right to left in vertical columns.) o...... Repeate f lifeo r , lor f devotiondo e sculptorth , , Neb, repeater of life ..... /5...... may he give funeral offerings of bread, beer, oxen, fowls, and all things, for the ka of .....

No. 981. Slate stela. . (ReaLX d from lef righo t t vertican i t l columns.) 1. Over the man: Penen-sfeed-eh. 2. Over the woman : (?) Nefert-Men-nefer.

No. 982. Base of statuette. LX1. (Read from right to left horizontally.) The good god, Ra-men-peht, beloved" of Ra in the midst of Netten. This is the throne name of Rameses I. of the XlXth Dynasty.

No. 983. Granite ushabti. LXII. (Read from right to left horizontally.) Shine, Osiris Soute th Nes-seten) ,f o hGrea(? e On t . inscriptioe th rese f e Vlto Th t th hs ni chapte f thro e e Booth f ko LIII. No Dead.e Se . No. 984. Fragment of black granite. LXIII. (Read from left to right in vertical columns.) .... Bak-nefef o a .k foe rrth ..... No. 986, Limestone stela. LXIV. (Read from lef righo t t t horizontally.) 1...... for the ka of the uab-priest ..... 2...... mennu ..... CATALOGU EGYPTIAF O E N ANTIQUITIE NATIONAN I S L MUSEUM7 52 .

No. 987. Limestone stela. LXV. a, (Read from left to right horizontally.) .... .Sennu) bor(? f no . /3. (Eead from lef righo t t t vertically.) The Osiris Bak ..... "born of (?) Sennu ...... 988No . Fragmen limestonef o t . LXVI. (Read from lef righo t t vertican ti l columns.) This is much mutilated, but appears to belong to the heretical XVIIIte th f o d h en Dynasty timee th t sa . A few isolated sentences are legible ; e.g., Union with the earth (i.e., burial) before him who is praised. Satisfaction of heart for the god, duration (of life) for the King of the North and South, .... cartouchee .Th completele sar y destroyed. No, 989. Limestone stela. LXVII. (Read from right to left horizontally.) 1. May the king give an. offering, and Horus ..... and Osiris withi givNeWien]e ? nh [ ey funeraMa . l offering f beero s , 2. oxen, fowls, ...... deceased, born of . . ... Sat—— 3. Amen ..... Alimes. No. 990. Limestone lintel. LXVIII. (Read from righ lefo t t horizontally.) Landso Tw e ,Lor Kinth f d o Uppef go Lowed ran r Egypt. .KTieper-ka-Ra, beloved of (?) Horus of Nekhen, giver of life. Under the inscription can be traced the remains of an older inscription of the same king. ./Dieper-ka-Ra, giver of life. throne-name Thith s si Usertesef eXllto e th f ho . nDynastyI . No. 991. Limestone stela. LX1X . (Reaa . d from righ lefo t t horizontally.) . Favou1 ) Horu r(? e king give th f d Netten so y an ,b n e greath , t god, Lord of heaven, and Osiris in the midst of Ne/c/ien. They give thousand breadf so , thousand beerf so , 2. thousands of oxen and fowls, thousands of clothing and linen cloths, thousands of incense and oil, thousands of all things good and pure, livesd whicn go o ,. e 3 whichth h heaven gives, which earth pro- duces whicd Nilan e , hth e brings fro caverns mit ..... 4. .... e sweeth . t North-winde breezth f o e drino t , k watet a r rivere swire th th f o l, uab-prieste th f o a eiiteree k Horu) th ,e (? th f Ne/c/ienf r ro so fo . 5 , Ahmes, deceased. It is his son, Hor-ne/c/it, who causeth his nam liveo et . uab-prieste Th . 6 e entere Horu) th , (? f f Ne/c/ieno rso , excellens [i t he] upon following his god, loud of voice in the place of ...... keepin7 g silence, penetratin fac- f eo g - (i.e., quick) in doing righteousness; he who holds the book of the worship of Ra, the uab-priest, Hor-ne/c/tt. 528 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 8, 1899.

8. His son, the uab-priest, Naa-nefer. His son ..... Neb. His daughter, J/ieneb. His daughter, Hent-ta.. His daughter, Naa. 9. [His daughter] Mays daughterHi . , Ahmes s sisturHi . , Aah-hotep sisters Hi . , Zares (?). /3. 1. (R'ead from right to left vertically.) The uab-priest, the enterer of (?) Horus of Ne&fen, Horiie/c/it. 2. (Read from lef righo t t t vertically.) The uab-priest, the enterer of Horns the Avenger, Hornettt, deceased. His wife, the lady of the house, Ahmes, born of the lady of the house, Nay. No. 993. Fragment of limestone. LXX. Ea-messu, beloved of Amen. This is the personal name of Rameses II. A second cartouche is visible, giving the throne name (Usermaafc-Ra, setep en Ha), but the second R& is all that is distinctly legible. No. 995. Fragment of limestone. LXXI. (Bead from righ lefo t t vertically.) Appearing (or crowned) in Thebes. This is part of the " banner" or ka name of Thothmes III. The kn name is inscribed on the false door of the tomb through whic s supposee leawa th h o comt d e fort o partakt e h th f o e funeral sacrifices. The conventional rendering of the false door in hieroglyphs caused earlier Egyptologists to suppose that it represente bannerda . No. 996. Limestone stela. LXXII. «. (Read from right to left vertically.) gooe LandsTh o d godTw e , ,lor lorth actiof f do o n ...... cartoucheo tw e Th s which follow have been obliterated purposely. /3. The good god, lord of the Two Lands, lord of action, lord of crowns, kin Uppef go Lowed ran r Egypt ...... n Su e .So th likf no e Ra. Both cartouches are obliterated, except for the sign for Thebes in seconde th . Probably an inscriptio Amenhotef no p III.

NAMES AND TITLES OF GODS MENTIONED IN THE INSCRIPTIONS.

Amen-Sd—King of the Gods. Lord of Heaven. Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands. greae Th t God. Anubis— Sacree Lordth f o d Land. 1 shrinee Chieth n i f . (Nella aala divina.—Lanaone.) Behdet—The Winged Disk. CATALOGUE OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 529

Geb— Hathor—AVient Amentiu. Lady of Heaven. Horns of the Two Horizons. floras—The great God Lord of Heaven, The Avenger. Isia—The great Mother. Mistres e Godsth f so . Lad Heavenf yo . The great One. Divine Th e Mother. Min (or Khem)—Great God of Koptos. Mut—The great One. Mistress of As/tern. Osiris—Lord f Lifeo . The great God. Lor f Abydosdo . JT/tent Amentiu. Ruler of Thebes. Lor Eternityf do . Unnefer (the good Being). Rule Eternitf o r y (neheTi). Lor Heavenf do . Lor f Restaudo . Rule Lifef o r . Norte Kin th Southd f go han . Riile Eternitf ro y (Zet). Lor Daddf do n (Busiris). Ptah—Lord of the Two Lands. Ptah-Seker dead)e god(one th th f f eso o . Rd-Horakhti-Tum— Hermonthisf Lando o d Tw san e Lordth f o . Rd—Father of the gods. Tarn—Lord f Hermonthiso . LandsTwo Lor. the dof Tlioth—

NAMES, DATES, ETC. F KING,O S WHOSE NAMES OCCU N THII E S COLLECTION. *XIIth Dynasty. Usertsen I. Throne name, X/ieper-ka-Ea. B.C. 2758-2716. *tXVIIIth Dynasty. B.C. 1587-1328. Hdtsihepsut. Throne name, Maat-ka-Ra. Daughte Thothmef ro s I., siste queed an rf Thothmeno s II., siste f Thothmeo r s III.o wh , succeeded her. B.C. 1516-1481.* Thothmes III. Throne name, Men-Wteper-Ra. Conqueror of Syria Ethiopiad an . B.C. 1481-1449.*

* Petrie's History,. ii d volsan . i . f Budge (The Mummy) gives only approximate dates ; B.C. 1700-1400. 0 53 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH 8 Y ,F O 1899SMA , .

Amenhotep II. Throne name, Aa-toeperu-Ra. Son of Thothmes III. B.C. 1449-1423.* Thothmes IV. Throne name, Men-Meperu-Ra. Son of Amenhotep . II Builde temple Sphinxe th th f ro f eo . B.C. 1423-1414.*' Amenhotep III. Throne name, Neb-maat-Ra. Husband of the great Queen Tyi, and father of Atten-aten, the Heretic-King. B.C. 1414-1383* Tut-ankh-Amen. Throne name, Neb-Meperu-Ra. Also called Tut-an/cft- ten. Successo d son-in-laan r f wAtten-ateno e th , Heretic-King. B.C. 1353-1344.* •fXIXth Dynasty. B.C. 1400-1200. Rameses I. Throne name, Men-peht-Ra. B.C. 1400. Sety I. Throne name, Men-Maat-R'a. Rameses II. Throne name, User-Maat-Ra, Setep en Ra. Supposed to be the " Pharaoh who knew not Joseph." tXXIInd Dynasty. B.C.-966-766. Osorkon II. Throne name, User-Maat-Ra, Setep-en Amen. The personal nam e cartouchs giyeth a e n i n s Amen-mei e r se-Bast Osorkon (Belove Amen f f Bast)do o n so ., tXXVth Dynasty. B.C. 700-666. Slwbataka. Throne name, Ded-kau-Ra. Mentione e Biblth n edi undeKing2 ( name o S rth s f xviieo . 4) .

TITLES. Beloved of the god. Ins. V. When used of a private person, the " god " in question is usually the king. Chief palaces. e oth f Ins. I Chief Prophet of Amen. Ins. LVIII. Commander of the soldiers of the house (or temple) of Amen. Ins. V. Divine father. Ins. XXIII., XXVI., XXVII. Priestly title. Divine superintendent. Ins. XLII. Priestly title. Divine wife. Ins, VII., XLVI. Title of the High-priestess. Enterer of Horus. Ins. LXIX. unknowThin a s si n title. Erpa. Ins. III. A hereditary title, and one of very high rank. erp e thronexcellence.e r heith e th apa s o Th rt e wa Great One of the South Thirty. Ins. LXII. Guardian of the gate of the house of Amen. No. 437. Hd. Ins. III. Leade t hereditaryr chiefro No . t verbu , y often combined wit title hth e erpa: erpa-ha. * Petrie's History, vols. i. and ii. t Budge (The Mummy) gives only approximate dates. CATALOGUE OP EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES IN NATIONAL MUSEUM. 531

High-priest of Min. Ins. XXIII. title thien Th i s e high-priesnamcase th th s obscure i e f s o ei t I f .o t Letopolis, of the god Horns, but is here undoubtedly coupled with the f Koptoso n Mi . d go name th f eo Judge. Ins. III. Keeper of the lake of Amen. No. 437. Lady of the House. Ins. V., XXII., XXVII., XXVIII., XXXV., XLIL, XLVIII., LXIX. This is a very common title of women, and its precise meaning is not yet fixed. Knowing that propert n Egypi y t always descendee th n i d female linejudgind analoge titlan ,e th o th y e gb f Tw y"o e Ladth f yo Lands" always held by the heiress to the throne, it would seem that "Lad Housee th f yo " mean heirese housee sth th f propertyr so o , . Lord of Action. Ins. LXXII. Title of the king. Lord of Crowns. Ins. V., XLIII. Lord of the Two Lands. Ins. LXXII. Title of the king. MaJcer lazulie oth f of Amen. InsL X . Lazuli probably means the bright blue lazuli-coloured glaze, of which this table specimena s ti . Overseer of the royal harem (Kfeennu). Ins. XXXV. Prophet. Ins. I., XXVI., XXVIL, XXXVIII. Literally "servan godr a "divin o f o t" ordere e th servant.f f o s o e On " the priesthood. Royal acquaintance. Ins. XXIIL, XXVII. verA y commo meay n ma titlenrelativ a t kingI e .th f .eo Royal chancellor or seal-bearer. Ins. XXXVIII. Royal udb-priest. Ins. VII. The priest who offered libations or performed the ceremonies of purifi- cation. Thi probabls swa hereditarya y office. Scribe of the Lord of the Two Lands. No. 26. Thi probabls si varianya e titlth ef o t" Eoyal Scribo Tw e "e ; Lor th f do Lands being one of the many designations of the king. Second prophet of Menkheper (Thothmed R s III.). Ins. XXXVI. Every king built and endowed for himself a funerary temple in which he was worshipped, after his death, as a god. The names of the priestly order n thesi s e temple e templesth wer n e sami f th ess o a e the gods. Singer of Amen. Ins. XXVIII. Sistrum-bearer of Amen. Ins. XXVII. So nSun.e oth f Ins. XLIII., LXXII. kinge Titlth f e.o Superintendent of the granary. Ins. XLI. Superintendent or overseer of the house. Ins. XXXVII. Apparently a position of great trust. Joseph was made superintendent r overseeo Potiphar'f o r s house. (Gen. xxxix) 4. . Superintendent housee oth f f lions.o Ins. XLI. The good god. Ins. VII., VIII. kinge Titlth f e.o Uab priest. Ins. LXIV. and LXIX.