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Cyclone Season 2012-2013 the Longest in Contemporary History

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Cyclone Season 2012-2013 the Longest in Contemporary History + 12 10 + 1 0 + 10 2 + 12 0 0 + 100 02 1 1 8 1 0 0 + A 2 0 4 4 + 1 + 02 1023 1 1 + 0 00 0 Centre des 16 0 0 10 + 8 1 + 0 1 1 01 6 8 6 2 2 + 101 0 Cyclones Tropicaux 100 + 1 D 1 + 8 0 0 9924 1 + SAISON 1 0 A 02 993 4 1 + 2 de La Réunion 2 0 0 1033 1 8 1 0 100 D 1 + 8 6 D A 8 1024 1 + 100 2 0 1096 d 0 0 1 24 4 10 1012 + + + + + + + 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 A 0 6 La Reunion 0 2 0 016 + 102 1 8 1015 988 00 100 1012 1 8 2 04 1 10 99 1 10 0 0 10 00 4 CYCLONIQUE99 0 Tropical Cyclone 6 976 100 6 99 99 2 99 2 6 97 98 Centre 6 1008 8 Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien Météo-France Météo-France Copyright Météo-France + 12 10 + 1 0 + 10 2 + 12 0 0 + 100 02 1 1 8 1 0 0 + A 2 0 4 4 + 1 + Copyright02 1023 1 1 + 0 00 0 16 0 0 10 + 8 1 + 0 1 2012 1 01 6 8 6 2 2 + 101 CYCLONE0 SEASON 100 + 1 D 1 + 8 0 0 9924 1 1 0 + A 02 993 4 1 + 2 2 0 0 1033 1 8 1 0 South-West Indian Ocean0 10 D 1 + D 8 6 1024 00 A 8 1 + 1 2 2013 0 1096 d 0 0 1 24 4 10 1012 + + + + + + + 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 A 0 6 0 2 0 016 + 102 1 8 1015 988 00 100 1012 1 8 2 04 1 10 99 1 10 0 0 10 00 4 99 0 976 6 100 6 99 99 2 99 Copyright2 6 97 98 6 1008 8 Saison cyclonique 2012-2013 Sud-Ouest de l'océan Indien Cyclone season South-West Indian Ocean Sommaire Contents Introduction .............................................................................................. Page 2 Météo-FranceIntroduction Liste et intensité maximale des perturbations Page 4 List of tropical disturbances with their maximum intensities Cartographie des trajectoires .................................................................... Page 5 Map of trajectories Caractéristiques de la saison cyclonique et données statistiques .............. Page 6 Main featuresMétéo-France of the cyclone season and statistical data Note explicative sur l'analyse individuelle des perturbations ..................... Page 9 Explanatory note on the individual analysis of disturbances Analyse chronologique des perturbations de la saison ............................... Page 10 Copyright Analysis of the disturbances of the season in chronological order Informations satellitaires et techniques d'analyseMétéo-France ..................................... Page 108 Interpretation of satellite imagery Directeur de la publication : Emmanuel CLOPPET Rédaction et réalisation : Terminologie ............................................................................................. Page 110 Philippe CAROFF Terminology PAO : Jean-François BOYER Classification des systèmes dépressionnaires Avec la contribution des dans le Sud-Ouest de l'océan Indien .......................................................... Page 111 Copyrightprévisionnistes cyclone Classification of tropical disturbances used in the South-West Indian Ocean du CMRS de La Réunion : Catherine BIENTZ Géraldine BOUDART Thierry DUPONT Sébastien LANGLADE Hubert QUETELARD © METEO FRANCE - DIRECTION INTERREGIONALE DE LA REUNION BP 4 - 97491 SAINTE-CLOTILDE Cedex - FRANCE CopyrightReproduction interdite - Loi n° 92-597 du 1er juillet 1992 relative au code de la propriété intellectuelle. Météo-France Météo-France Copyright Météo-FranceSud-OuestCYCLONIQUE de l'océanSAISON Indien CYCLONE SEASON Copyright South-West Indian Ocean Copyright 2012 - 2013 12 10 + 1 0 + 10 2 A + 12 0 + + 100 1023 1 1 8 0 0 + 2 04 4 1 + 02 1 1 + 0 00 0 0 0 + 8 1 + D 0 1 1 01 6 8 6 2 2 + 101 992 0 100 + 1 + A 1 993 + 8 0 + 0 1033 4 1 1 D 02 0 4 1 + D 2 1024 + 2 A 0 0 1 8 d 1 1096 0 100 1 8 6 1 100 8 1012 0 2 0 0 4 4 1 02 + + + 1 + + + A + + 1 1015 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 6 0 2 0 016 102 1 8 00 100 1012 1 8 2 04 1 10 99 1 10 0 0 10 00 4 99 0 6 100 6 99 99 2 99 Introduction2 6 La saison cyclonique 2012-2013 dans le Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien The 2012/2013 Cyclone season In the South-West Indian Ocean a saison cyclonique 2012-2013 a limitées dans le temps (3 jours en général, aucun n’a atteint l’intensité maximale à connu une activité quasiment rigou- pour un maximum de 4 pour le seul cyclone laquelle avait culminé ANAIS dès le 14 L reusement normale, que ce soit en CLAUDIA). Et si la proportion de cyclones octobre, malgré le développement de six terme de nombre de jours d’activité (sept sur dix tempêtes tropicales formées) nouveaux cyclones, dont deux autres perturbée ou de nombre de jours cycloni- a été notable (on rappelle que la norme classés intenses… ques. Un seul élément s’écartant quelque est plutôt un taux d’environ 50% de Le pic d’activité est classiquement peu de la norme est toutefois à souligner, tempêtes tropicales qui évoluent ensuite intervenu au cœur de la saison, en à savoir le nombre élevé de cyclones jusqu’au stade de cyclone tropical), janvier-février, mois qui ont concentré s’étant développés, puisque sur les dix on est, toutefois, loin d’un record en la cinq des dix phénomènes de l’exercice. tempêtes tropicales formées, sept se sont matière. Ainsi lors de la saison 2001-2002 S’en est ensuite suivie une période de transformées en cyclone tropical (dont (celle du cyclone DINA notamment), sur près de cinq semaines sans aucune trois cyclones intenses), une proportion onze tempêtes tropicales formées, neuf formation dépressionnaire, d’où un remarquable, sans être exceptionnelle. avaient atteint le stade de cyclone tropical mois de mars vierge de tout système Sur ces dix météores,Météo-France quatre ont eu une mature (dont six cyclones intenses)… répertorié, un cas de figure qui ne s’était influence sur les terres habitées, mais Cette saison 2012-2013 a connu un début pas produit depuis près de trente ans, seul le cyclone HARUNA a fait des victimes fracassant, avec un démarrage à la fois puisque la fois précédente remontait à (à Madagascar). ultra-précoce, avant la mi-octobre (seu- la saison 1983-1984. La saison a pris L’activité perturbée s’est donc maintenue lement cinq ou six saisons ayant connu fin tardivement, vers la mi-mai, avec la à un niveau soutenu cette saison, mais en leur première tempête tropicale encore cyclolyse de la tempête tropicale JAMALA ; recul cependant par rapport à l’exercice plus tôt dans le calendrier depuis le début en terme de date de fin de saison, cela précédent 2011-2012. Si le total de dix de l’ère satellitaire – i.e. depuis 1967), situe cet exercice après le dernier quintile. tempêtes tropicales observées sur le mais surtout avec une première cyclogenèse S’étant au total étalée sur plus de six bassin du Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien débouchant sur un événement totalement mois, la saison 2012-2013 aura ainsi situe cette saison 2012-2013 légèrement exceptionnel et inédit, ANAIS devenant le été une des plus longues de l’histoire au-dessus de la moyenne climatologique premierMétéo-France cyclone tropical intense observé contemporaine. (dont on rappelle qu’elle est de neuf), au mois d’octobre dans l’océan Indien Sud. Les cyclogenèses ont été issues de deux le nombre de jours d’activité perturbée, Ce phénomène a été d’autant plus hors zones dominantes : l’extrême Est du paramètre beaucoup plus représentatif norme, qu’il a in fine également constitué bassin, avec la moitié des systèmes de l’activité cyclonique réelle (car intégrant le cyclone le plus intense de la saison, dépressionnaires (cinq donc) qui a eu à la fois le nombre de phénomènes et ce qui n’est pas banal pour un système son point d’origine situé entre 80 et leurs durées de vie cumulées) indique développé au tout début du printemps 90°Est, et la zone (large) autour de pour sa part une activité parfaitement austral ! Autre fait, certes plus anecdo- l’archipel des Chagos (pour quatre dans la moyenne climatologique. Que tique, mais également inhabituel : cette d’entre eux), un seul système ayant ce soit pour le nombre de jours cumulés cyclogenèse est intervenue sur l’Ouest concerné le Canal de Mozambique Copyrightavec présence sur le bassin d’un système du bassin (i.e. à l’ouest des Chagos), (HARUNA). Le centre de gravité des dépressionnaire au stade de tempête alors que les premiers phénomènes de laMétéo-France zones de formation a donc été plutôt tropicale ou de cyclone, qui a été de 52 saison prennent souvent naissance plus décalé sur la partie orientale du bassin, (quasiment équivalent donc à la moyenne à l’est (fréquemment au sud-ouest de et comme les trajectoires zonales n’ont climatologique fixée à 51 jours – pour une Sumatra, entre 80 et 100°Est). pas été dominantes, en particulier pour les médiane établie à 48 jours) ou pour le Il a ensuite fallu attendre la fin du mois phénomènes cycloniques matures, cela a nombre de jours cycloniques (i.e. avec de novembre pour voir le second système eu pour conséquence de moins exposer présence sur le bassin d’un cyclone mature de la saison se développer (là, au risque cyclonique les terres habitées, tropical), qui a correspondu exactement rien d’anormal par contre). Puis les sys- concentrées sur l’Ouest du bassin, et à la moyenne climatologique de référence tèmes dépressionnaires se sont succédé, plus particulièrement Madagascar.
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