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SHIAWASSEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Saginaw, Michigan ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 U.S. Department of the Interior

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SHIAWASSEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Saginaw, Michigan ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 U.S. Department of the Interior SHIAWASSEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Saginaw, Michigan ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 W U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM REVIEW AND APPROVALS SHIAWASSEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Saginaw, Michigan ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A. HIGHLIGHTS 1 B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 1 C. LAND ACQUISITION 1. Fee Title Nothing to report 2. Easements Nothing to report 3. Other 1 D. PLANNING 1. Master Plan Nothing to report 2. Management Plan 2' 3. Public Participation 2 4. Compliance with Environmental and Cultural Resource Mandates 2 5. Research and Investigations 3 6. Other Nothing to report E. ADMINISTRATION 1. Personnel 4 2. Youth Programs 5 3. Other Manpower Programs 5 4. Volunteer Programs 6 5. Funding 6 6. Safety 7 7. Technical Assistance 8 8. Other 8 F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT 1. General 9 2. Wetlands 10 3. Forests yl9 4. Croplands '20 5. Grassland Nothing to report 6. Other Habitats Nothing to report 7. Grazing Nothing to report 8. Haying Nothing to report 9. Fire Management 22 10. Pest Control 23 11. Water Rights Nothing to report 12. Wilderness and Special Areas 24 13. WPA Easement Monitoring Nothing to report i G. WILDLIFE 1. Wildlife Diversity 24 2. Endangered and/or Threatened Species 24 3. Waterfowl 25 4. Marsh and Water Birds 29 5. Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns and Allied Species 30 6. Raptors 30 7. Other Migratory Birds Nothing to report 8. Game Mammals 31 9. Marine Mammals Nothing to report 10. Other Resident Wildlife 31 11. Fisheries Resources Nothing to report 12. Wildlife Propagation and Stocking Nothing to report 13. Surplus Animal Disposal Nothing to report 14. Scientific Collections Nothing to report 15. Animal Control 31 16. Marking and Banding 31 17. Disease Prevention and Control Nothing to report H. PUBLIC USE ' 1. General 34 2. Outdoor Classrooms - Students Nothing to report 3. Outdoor Classrooms - Teachers Nothing to report 4. Interpretive Foot Trails Nothing to report 5. Interpretive Tour Routes Nothing to report 6. Interpretive Exhibits/Demonstrations Nothing to report 7. Other Interpretive Programs 35 8. Hunting 37 9. Fishing Nothing to report 10. Trapping 40 11. Wildlife Observation Nothing to report 12. Other Wildlife Oriented Recreation Nothing to report 13. Camping Nothing to report 14. Picnicking Nothing to report 15. Off-Road Vehicling Nothing to report 16. Other Non-Wildlife Oriented Recreation Nothing to report 17. Law Enforcement 41 18. Cooperating Associations Nothing to report 19. Concessions Nothing to report !. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 1. New Construction 42 2. Rehabilitation 51 3. Major Maintenance 54 4. Equipment Utilization and Replacement 54 5. Communications System 55 6. Computer Systems 55 7. Energy Conservation Nothing to report 8. Other Nothing to report i i J. OTHER ITEMS 1. Cooperative Programs 55 2. Other Economic Uses Nothing to report 3. Items of Interest 56 4. Credits 56 K. FEEDBACK Nothing to report L. INFORMATION PACKET (inside back cover) M. WILDERNESS AND SPECIAL AREAS ADMINISTERED BY SHIAWASSEE 1. Michigan Islands NWR 56 2. Wyandotte NWR 57 Appendix 1: Map of SHIAWASSEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ' Appendix 2: Map of SAGINAW COUNTY GOOSE MANAGEMENT AREA * i i i INTRODUCTION Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1953, based on recommendations of the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission, to restore and enhance a historically important wetland area for the benefit of migrating waterfowl. Its formation resulted from the culmination of numerous land use proposals, and attempts over many years by various private conservation groups and governmental agencies. As a result of local and regional conservationist's initiatives toward reclamation (from marginal agriculture to natural habitats), the State of Michigan established the Shiawassee River State Game Area adjacent to the Federal refuge project. Together, these two areas encompass and practice complementary management on approximately 20,000 acres of some of the most valuable waterfowl habitat in the state. The refuge is 8,984 acres in size and is located in central Michigan about twenty-five miles south of Saginaw Bay. The refuge is part of an area historically known as the "Shiawassee Flats", an extensive floodplain once rich in shallow water, marsh, and riparian vegetation with associated wildlife resources. Following a period of extensive timber harvest and coal mining in the area, agricultural development through ditching and draining began in the early 1900's. Five rivers converge at various points on the refuge that make the area prone to flooding, especially in the spring. This overflow bottomland/marsh habitat attracts concentrations of migrating waterfowl for which the area has become well known. With restoration of these wetland habitats and protection from human disruption, peak populations of 35,000 geese, 40,000 ducks, and 2,500 swan, high concentrations of wading and waterbirds, migrant and nesting bald eagles, and other wetland species are now common. Wyandotte NWR, administered as a satellite of Shiawassee, was established by an Act of Congress in 1961 to "be maintained for migratory birds and other wildlife". It consists of two islands, Grassy and Mammajuda, and adjacent shallow water area approximately to the six-foot contour depth, totaling 304 acres, in the Detroit River just off shore from the cities of Wyandotte and Ecorse. From 1948 to 1961 the islands were controlled by the U.S. Coast Guard. The Michigan Islands NWR, administered as a satellite of Shiawassee, was established by Executive Order in 1943 as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife. These three islands, Shoe and Pismire in Lake Michigan and Scarecrow in Lake Huron, are 2, 3, and 7 acres respectively in size, and are similar in character. A fourth island, Thunder Bay, was added to the refuge in 1965 by a U.S. Coast Guard/Fish and Wildlife Service agreement under a revocable permit (five-year renewal periods). The Service has secondary jurisdiction on 121 acres of the total 168 acres on Thunder Bay Island. Gull Island (230 acres) became the fifth island in the system in 1969 when it was ceded to the Service by the U.S. Coast Guard. The three original islands in the Michigan Islands NWR were designated as Wilderness Areas in 1970 under Public Law 91-504, Stat. 1104. 1 A. HIGHLIGHTS - Replacements for the Refuge Manager and Primary Assistant Manager entered on duty during the first two months of the year (Section E.l) - Shiawassee had an accident free year (Section E.6) - Coordination meeting held between the State and the Refuge (Section F.l) - Farm Bill activities were a major effort this year (Section F.2) - Spraying efforts were increased to control purple loosestrife (Section F.10) - Dike work for Moist Soils 3 and 4 completed (Section 1.1) B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Statistically, 1988 was a typical year for total precipitation. However, the distribution of precipitation had a major influence on activities (Figure Bl). May and June were dry. This, in combination with above average temperatures during spring and summer months (Figure B2) and below average snowfall last winter, left much of the refuge dry. The summer drought had some positive effects. Pool 1A dried out thoroughly resulting in a significant carp kill and allowed access for needed rejuvenation. Despite average rainfall in August and September, most wetlands remained dry. However, during October and November above average rainfall helped fill most wetland areas for waterfowl use. All weather data was received from Saginaw Waterworks which is located approximately 1 mile from the refuge. C. LAND ACQUISITION 3. Other Realty Specialist Dick Johnson proposed a land exchange between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for a 49 acre tract of land within the boundary. The proposal was to exchange the 49 acres for an equal value amount of land area next to State land. As of the end of the year, both the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and the Fish and Wildlife Service agreed to the exchange. The only item needed is the preparation of an Environmental Assessment by the State. Refuge Manager Prusa and Assistant Manager Weide traveled to the Wyandotte Refuge area on March 25, to meet with Regional Office Realty staff Maureen Murphy and Dick Sorenson. Also present were Bob Pacific, East Lansing Ecological Services, and John Filkins, Environmental Protection Agency, Grosse Isle. The Agency has 40 acres that they were going to excess. Instead of placing the acreage on excess for sale they thought that another agency may want it. The staff from r r lltLiKH Hi 19HH iiOMrftHED 10 NOKMNL TOTAL PRECiPITftTIoti BV MONTH = 4.5 - I n clie s =Ja=i hkfh M-=a-= hgh May Jim Jul Aug Sep Oct Nop ) himHK H2 = 1988 UOMrAKlLli 10 NORMAL TEMPERATURES BY MONTH = =j-r=si iir.b r?-==r= Apf= May Jun Jul Auy Sep uot Nov Boo a= Avy = lenps. La Aug = Nouual iyps ToHPS= 2 Realty set up the meeting to evaluate the site. After analyzing all the information it was determined that the site would not be suitable to include in the National Wildlife Refuge System. For the small amount of acreage and the distance from the headquarters the inclusion of this area was impractical. D. PLANNING 2. Management Plan The station Sign Plan revision was completed in March and approved by the Regional Office in early May. A revised Wildlife Inventory Plan was due in 1988. However, personnel turnover and farm bill related work forced postponement and a new deadline of June 1989 was set. 3. Public Participation The staff worked closely with two special interest groups and had several meetings to determine the special regulations for the 1988 deer hunt. The two groups were the Shiawassee Flats Citizens and Hunters Association and the Bad River Bow Hunters.
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