2020 Environmental, Social and Governance Report
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Congressional-Executive Commission on China
CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2008 ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION OCTOBER 31, 2008 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov VerDate Aug 31 2005 23:54 Nov 06, 2008 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 5011 U:\DOCS\45233.TXT DEIDRE 2008 ANNUAL REPORT VerDate Aug 31 2005 23:54 Nov 06, 2008 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 U:\DOCS\45233.TXT DEIDRE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2008 ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION OCTOBER 31, 2008 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE ★ 44–748 PDF WASHINGTON : 2008 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Aug 31 2005 23:54 Nov 06, 2008 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 U:\DOCS\45233.TXT DEIDRE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate SANDER LEVIN, Michigan, Chairman BYRON DORGAN, North Dakota, Co-Chairman MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio MAX BAUCUS, Montana TOM UDALL, New Mexico CARL LEVIN, Michigan MICHAEL M. HONDA, California DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota SHERROD BROWN, Ohio CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey CHUCK HAGEL, Nebraska EDWARD R. ROYCE, California SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas DONALD A. -
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN35420 Country: China Date: 30 September 2009 Keywords: China – Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region – Uighurs – July 2009 riots – State protection – Women – Children – Employment – Separatist movements – Freedom of religion – Returnees – Rebiyeh Kadeer This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. After the events of 5-7 July 2009 in Urumqi in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), how are Uighurs in XUAR being treated by Han Chinese residents and by the authorities? Are all Uighurs at risk of harm, or only those with certain profiles? 2. If Uighurs are being mistreated and discriminated against by Han Chinese because of their ethnicity, are the authorities taking measures to protect them? 3. Would a Uighur woman whose family members have a political profile relating to East Turkestan separatist movements and the 1962 demonstrations in Ghulja be at greater risk of harm? 4. How would the authorities treat an unemployed woman or girls if they were discovered praying at home or observing any other Muslim religious practice in private at home? 5. How would an unemployed woman or girls be treated if they were discovered going to the mosque or observing any other religious practice (eg celebrating Ramadan or Eid) in public? 6. -
Migration, Identities and Cultural Change: History and Present Situation of the Santa People in Xinjiang, China*
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo Journal of Cambridge Studies 73 Migration, Identities and Cultural Change: History and Present Situation of the Santa people in Xinjiang, China* Wenxiang CHEN Associate professor, Humanity College of Qinghai Normal University, PRC Email: [email protected] Abstract: Since the Qing dynasty, Santa people have been migrating to Xinjiang, and have subsequently become an important group there, both in terms of population and influence. This paper deals with the history of the four Santa immigration waves and the present situation of their ethnic, religious, and local identities. A deeper study of the cultural changes they have experienced follows, focusing on changes in language, traditional diets, marriages and religious beliefs. Finally, an analysis of the social transformations Santa communities have experienced is included, including views on the critical catalyst for Santa’s migrating to Xinjiang, the influence of the weakening of ethnic and cultural identities of them, ideas for the cultural changes in Santa communities of Xinjiang, and the further development of Santas in the future. Key Words: Santa, Dongxiang, Xinjiang, Migration, Identity, Cultural change * I will give my thanks to Dr. Duojie Caihang of Qinghai Normal University for his revising. Volume 7, No. 4 74 1. INTRODUCTION The Dongxiang, or Santa1, are one of the fifty-five ethnic minorities of the PRC. According to scholars, the main body of Santa the Huihui Semuren2 group from central Asia and the Middle East are the ancestors of the modern-day Santa, and Santa migration to China is directly connected to the conquest of central Asia by Genghis Khan in the 13th century. -
Veolia in China
Veolia in China Our mission: “Resourcing the world” Our mission: “Resourcing the world” Our sustainable solutions for municipalities and industries Leveraging over 160 years of expertise shared across the globe, Veolia’s key businesses focus on the areas of water, energy and waste. In China, Our businesses in China we provide environmental solutions in seven segments, many of which involve specialized experience and know-how. Providing Effective Solutions to Seven Segments Our Business Cases Through relentless pursuit in our specialized field, innovative services and cutting-edge expertise, we have been able to improve our environmental footprint and that of our customers, Achieving a better and more sustainable elevating local and urban environmental performance, future for all contributing to human progress and achieving a better and more sustainable future for all. Veolia’s Purpose serving as a compass for the Group through the Multifaceted Performance Indicators, Veolia has set itself the long-term mission to “Resourcing the world”, fully integrated into the Impact 2023 Strategic Program... and is committed to making a positive impact on the Earth and the environment. In over 100 sites operating and managed in China, Our actions in China Veolia has upheld its mission and vision, striving to become the benchmark company for ecological transformation. Achieving Environmental Performance Achieving Human Resources Performance IMPROVING ACCESS PRESERVING REPLENISHING TO RESOURCES RESOURCES RESOURCES Veolia offers operational Veolia develops solutions to Veolia provides solutions for solutions that consume fewer conserve resources and optimize creating new “secondary” environmental resources and are their use, while protecting their resources that will gradually more economically efficient, so as quality and efficiency throughout offset the increasing scarcity to expand both the potential and the usage cycle. -
Overview of Hubei
Overview of Hubei Location Hubei Province lies in the middle reach of the Yangtze River with an area of 186,000 square kilometers. Situated 108'21"-116'07" east longitude and 29'05"-33'20" north latitude, it got its name from being in the north of the Dongting Lake. The terrain of Hubei Province is high in the west and low in the east and wide open to the south, the Jianghan Plain. The province is surrounded on three sides (east, west and north) by mountains. Its low and flat middle part is a piece of incomplete basin slightly open towards south. Of the gross area, there are 56% mountains, 24% hills and 20% lowland lake area. As to mountains, they are divided into four parts in the province. Northwestern mountains are area extending to the east by Qinling and east section of Daba Mountain. Area extending to the east by Qinling is called Wudang mountain chain, going from northwest to southeast, with lots of mountains. Altitude of ridge of mountains is generally above 1000m, and the highest is Tianzhu Peak of Wudang Mountain with altitude of 1621m. East section of Daba Mountain consists of Shennongjia, Jingshan Mountain and Wushan Mountain, with thick forests and deep river valleys. Peak of Shennongjia is Shennongding with altitude of 3105m, always known as “The First Peak in Central China”. Climate Situated in South-central China, Hubei Province features a subtropical monsoon climate. The average temperature for a year is about 15° C (59° F). The Province has distinct four seasons with burning hot summer (June, July and August) and chilly winter (December, January and February). -
2020 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), states that citizens “enjoy freedom of religious belief” but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” without defining “normal.” CCP members and members of the armed forces are required to be atheists and are forbidden from engaging in religious practices. National law prohibits organizations or individuals from interfering with the state educational system for minors younger than the age of 18, effectively barring them from participating in most religious activities or receiving religious education. Some provinces have additional laws on minors’ participation in religious activities. The government continued to assert control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to one of the five state-sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. -
Sacred Right Defiled: China’S Iron-Fisted Repression of Uyghur Religious Freedom
Sacred Right Defiled: China’s Iron-Fisted Repression of Uyghur Religious Freedom A Report by the Uyghur Human Rights Project Table of Contents Executive Summary...........................................................................................................2 Methodology.......................................................................................................................5 Background ........................................................................................................................6 Features of Uyghur Islam ........................................................................................6 Religious History.....................................................................................................7 History of Religious Persecution under the CCP since 1949 ..................................9 Religious Administration and Regulations....................................................................13 Religious Administration in the People’s Republic of China................................13 National and Regional Regulations to 2005..........................................................14 National Regulations since 2005 ...........................................................................16 Regional Regulations since 2005 ..........................................................................19 Crackdown on “Three Evil Forces”—Terrorism, Separatism and Religious Extremism..............................................................................................................23 -
Frontier Politics and Sino-Soviet Relations: a Study of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963 Sheng Mao University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Mao, Sheng, "Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2459. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2459 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2459 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963 Abstract This is an ethnopolitical and diplomatic study of the Three Districts, or the former East Turkestan Republic, in China’s northwest frontier in the 1950s and 1960s. It describes how this Muslim borderland between Central Asia and China became today’s Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture under the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The Three Districts had been in the Soviet sphere of influence since the 1930s and remained so even after the Chinese Communist takeover in October 1949. After the Sino- Soviet split in the late 1950s, Beijing transformed a fragile suzerainty into full sovereignty over this region: the transitional population in Xinjiang was demarcated, border defenses were established, and Soviet consulates were forced to withdraw. As a result, the Three Districts changed from a Soviet frontier to a Chinese one, and Xinjiang’s outward focus moved from Soviet Central Asia to China proper. The largely peaceful integration of Xinjiang into PRC China stands in stark contrast to what occurred in Outer Mongolia and Tibet. -
Karyotypic Characteristics and Genetic Relationships of Apricot Accessions from Different Ecological Groups
J. AMER.SOC.HORT.SCI. 146(1):68–76. 2021. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS04956-20 Karyotypic Characteristics and Genetic Relationships of Apricot Accessions from Different Ecological Groups Wenwen Li, Liqiang Liu, Weiquan Zhou, Yanan Wang, and Xiang Ding College of Horticulture and Forestry, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China Guoquan Fan and Shikui Zhang Luntai National Fruit Germplasm Resources Garden of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Luntai, Xinjiang 841600, China Kang Liao College of Horticulture and Forestry, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. chromosome number, diversity, karyotype analysis, P. armeniaca ABSTRACT. The present study aims to reveal the karyotypic characteristics and genetic relationships of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) accessions from different ecological groups. Fourteen, 9, and 30 accessions from the Central Asian ecological group, North China ecological group, and Dzhungar-Ili ecological group, respectively, were analyzed according to the conventional pressing plate method. The results showed that all the apricot accessions from the different ecological groups were diploid (2n =2x = 16). The total haploid length of the chromosome set of the selected accessions ranged from 8.11 to 12.75 mm, which was a small chromosome, and no satellite chromosomes were detected. All accessions had different numbers of median-centromere chromosomes or sub-median-centromere chromosomes. The karyotypes of the selected accessions were classified as 1A or 2A. Principal component analysis revealed that the long-arm/short-arm ratio (0.968) and the karyotype symmetry index (L0.979) were the most valuable parameters, and cluster analysis revealed that the accessions from the Central Asian ecological group and Dzhungar-Ili ecological group clustered together. -
Evaluating Potential Areas for Mountain Wellness Tourism: a Case Study of Ili, Xinjiang Province
sustainability Article Evaluating Potential Areas for Mountain Wellness Tourism: A Case Study of Ili, Xinjiang Province Xumei Pan 1,2, Zhaoping Yang 1,*, Fang Han 1, Yayan Lu 1,2 and Qin Liu 1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; [email protected] (X.P.); [email protected] (F.H.); [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (Q.L.) 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-991-788-5349 Received: 11 September 2019; Accepted: 10 October 2019; Published: 14 October 2019 Abstract: Evaluation of land-use suitability can prevent problems, such as environmental disruption, wastage of resources, and ecological disruption, when unsuitable tourism-based exploration is undertaken in an area. This study summarizes a novel concept and proposes the idea of wellness tourism, which constitutes health preservation, sports and recovery, medical healing, and aged nursing, integrated with Chinese culture. A spatial suitability evaluation system for wellness tourism was developed in a mountain area via the integration of the analytic network process-Delphi. As wellness tourism activities diversified, land suitability was assigned to four kinds of wellness tourism activities, while considering their unique requirements. Comparative analysis and five-degree suitable maps of four kinds of activities revealed that Yining City and its peripheral localities have the potential of functioning as a comprehensive and national wellness tourist destination. The counties of Horgos, Huocheng, Qapqal, Zhaosu, Tekes, Tokkuztara, and Narat should make full use of their strengths, as they have the advantage of catering to different wellness tourism activities. -
Handbook of Chinese Mythology TITLES in ABC-CLIO’S Handbooks of World Mythology
Handbook of Chinese Mythology TITLES IN ABC-CLIO’s Handbooks of World Mythology Handbook of Arab Mythology, Hasan El-Shamy Handbook of Celtic Mythology, Joseph Falaky Nagy Handbook of Classical Mythology, William Hansen Handbook of Egyptian Mythology, Geraldine Pinch Handbook of Hindu Mythology, George Williams Handbook of Inca Mythology, Catherine Allen Handbook of Japanese Mythology, Michael Ashkenazi Handbook of Native American Mythology, Dawn Bastian and Judy Mitchell Handbook of Norse Mythology, John Lindow Handbook of Polynesian Mythology, Robert D. Craig HANDBOOKS OF WORLD MYTHOLOGY Handbook of Chinese Mythology Lihui Yang and Deming An, with Jessica Anderson Turner Santa Barbara, California • Denver, Colorado • Oxford, England Copyright © 2005 by Lihui Yang and Deming An All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yang, Lihui. Handbook of Chinese mythology / Lihui Yang and Deming An, with Jessica Anderson Turner. p. cm. — (World mythology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-57607-806-X (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 1-57607-807-8 (eBook) 1. Mythology, Chinese—Handbooks, Manuals, etc. I. An, Deming. II. Title. III. Series. BL1825.Y355 2005 299.5’1113—dc22 2005013851 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116–1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper. -
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020 Contents Heilongjiang ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Jilin ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Liaoning ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ........................................................................................................... 7 Beijing......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Hebei ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 Henan .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Shanxi ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Shaanxi ......................................................................................................................................................