Lettre D'information De La SFES
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Tunnel from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia This Article Is About Underground Passages
Tunnel From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about underground passages. For other uses, see Tunnel (disambiguation). "Underpass" redirects here. For the John Foxx song, see Underpass (song). Entrance to a road tunnel inGuanajuato, Mexico. Utility tunnel for heating pipes between Rigshospitalet and Amagerværket in Copenhagen,Denmark Tunnel on the Taipei Metro inTaiwan Southern portal of the 421 m long (1,381 ft) Chirk canal tunnel A tunnel is an underground or underwater passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods. A tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal. The central portions of a rapid transit network are usually in tunnel. Some tunnels are aqueducts to supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations or are sewers. Utility tunnels are used for routing steam, chilled water, electrical power or telecommunication cables, as well as connecting buildings for convenient passage of people and equipment. Secret tunnels are built for military purposes, or by civilians for smuggling of weapons, contraband, or people. Special tunnels, such aswildlife crossings, are built to allow wildlife to cross human-made barriers safely. Contents [hide] 1 Terminology 2 History o 2.1 Clay-kicking 3 Geotechnical investigation and design o 3.1 Choice of tunnels vs. -
English / French
World Heritage 38 COM WHC-14/38.COM/8B Paris, 30 April 2014 Original: English / French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Thirty-eighth session Doha, Qatar 15 – 25 June 2014 Item 8 of the Provisional Agenda: Establishment of the World Heritage List and of the List of World Heritage in Danger 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List SUMMARY This document presents the nominations to be examined by the Committee at its 38th session (Doha, 2014). It is divided into four sections: I Changes to names of properties inscribed on the World Heritage List II Examination of nominations of natural, mixed and cultural properties to the World Heritage List III Statements of Outstanding Universal Value of the three properties inscribed at the 37th session (Phnom Penh, 2013) and not adopted by the World Heritage Committee IV Record of the physical attributes of each property being discussed at the 38th session The document presents for each nomination the proposed Draft Decision based on the recommendations of the appropriate Advisory Body(ies) as included in WHC-14/38.COM/INF.8B1 and WHC-14/38.COM/INF.8B2 and it provides a record of the physical attributes of each property being discussed at the 38th session. The information is presented in two parts: • a table of the total surface area of each property and any buffer zone proposed, together with the geographic coordinates of each site's approximate centre point; and • a set of separate tables presenting the component parts of each of the 16 proposed serial properties. -
Relics of Manual Rock Disintegration in Historical Underground Spaces and Their Presentation in Mining Tourism
Acta Montanistica Slovaca V olume 21 (2016), number 1, 53-66 Relics of manual rock disintegration in historical underground spaces and their presentation in mining tourism Pavel Hron ček 1 and Pavol Rybár1 The article chronologically and methodically describes relics of the manual underground excavation preserved on the walls of the Slovak underground works. The analyzed relics a manual excavation may be used as geotouristic objects. These attractive micro shapes hardly identified in the underground by visitors, are presented only in Banská Štiavnica Mining Museum. We offer examples of relics after the manual disintegration of rocks in the underground, according to the development of the technology of the disintegration and hardness of rocks. As a result of our long-term studies of the underground, in the main part of this article we describe examples from Slovak territory. Presented can serve as a basic guide for geotourism reason, while visiting underground. Furthermore, it makes easier the identification of historical technology used for the rock disintegration and explains the various genesis of relics to experts, tourist guides and visitors. Key words : Manual rock disintegration technology, historical anthropogenic underground space, relics a manual disintegration of rocks, geotourism, mining tourism, mining heritage Introduction All historical underground relief shapes excavated and built by human are identified in current terminology by the expression "underground". The term underground covers both -underground spaces created by human activity and/or natural caves and spaces under the surface. Anthropogenic underground spaces, in regard to its areal scope, mouth to the surface only by small holes - tunnels, pits and winzes. Non-mining underground spaces are underground objects and shapes used procedures employed in mining, but the purpose of their origin was different than the extraction of mineral resources. -
Final Copy 2019 05 07 Chen
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Chen, Chien-Nien Title: Harmonious Environmental Management of Cultural Heritage and Nature General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Harmonious Environmental Management of Cultural Heritage and Nature By Chien-Nien Chen (Otto Chen) BSc, MSc A Dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Mar 2019 Approximately 74000 words One night a man had a dream. -
The Complex History of a Sandstone-Hosted Cave in the State Of
Frank, et al. The complex history of a sandstone-hosted cave in the state of... THE COMPLEX HISTORY OF A SANDSTONE-HOSTED CAVE IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL LA COMPLEJA HISTORIA DE UNA CUEVA ALOJADA EN PIEDRA ARENISCA EN EL ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL Heinrich Theodor Frank (1), Lizete Dias de Oliveira (1), Fabrício Nazzari Vicroski (2), Rogério Breier (3), Natália Gauer Pasqualon (1), Thiago Araújo (1), Francisco Sekiguchi de Carvalho Buchmann (4), Milene Fornari (5), Leonardo Gonçalves de Lima (1), Renato Pereira Lopes (6) & Felipe Caron (7). (1) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS. (2) Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo-RS. (3) Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo-RS. (4) Universidade Estadual Paulista, Santos-SP. (5) Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP. (6) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS. (7) Universidade Federal do Pampa, Caçapava do Sul-RS. Contatos: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. Abstract The cave known as "Toca do Tatu" ("armadillo shelter") (28º46'21.2''S, 49º53'45.9''W) is located in the municipality of Timbé do Sul, in the state of Santa Catarina (Brazil) and is 48.5 m long, with two almost parallel tunnels that converge to a larger space within the cave. The general morphology of the cave and locally abundant claw scratches on the walls show that the cave was created as a shelter probably dug by ground sloths during the Cenozoic. -
Lettre D'information De La SFES #126
Lettre d'information de la SFES #126 - Mai 2012 Si vous disposez d'information qui mériterait de paraître dans la lettre d'information n'hésitez pas à nous en faire part. --- PUBLICATIONS --- SUBTERRANEA Le n° (mars 2012) de la revue trimestrielle de la SFES vient de paraitre. Au sommaire: Editorial L.Stevens Le souterrain de "Marchiol" au Temple-sur-Lot (Lot-et-Garonne) - J.-F. Garnier Le souterrain de Hangenbieten (Bas-Rhin) - B. Ferrari et O. Thiel Lers caves de Villette à Gainville (Eure-et-Loir) - J.-L. Camuset Galeries drainantes et aqueduc de la chartreuse de Bonpas (Caumont-sur-Durance - Vaucluse) JH. Mouraret Ce numéro peut être commandé au prix de 8 euros + 3,00 € de frais de port auprès de Monsieur Marcel Barbotte 5, Petite Rue 76220 BEAUVOIR EN LYONS marcel.barbotte[at]wanadoo.fr Joindre le chèque (à l'ordre de la SFES) à la commande DER ERDSTALL Le n°38 (2012) de la revue de nos collègues allemands de Der Erdstall vient de paraitre. On notera notamment au sommaire les articles suivants: - Abschlussbericht zu zu den Ausgrabungen eines unterirdischen Gangs mit Wasserbecken unter der Dorfkirkche von Homberg-Altmuthshausen, Schwalm-Eder-Kreis - C. Meiborg - ... Die Erde bewarht die Leiber auf, die unterirdischen Kammern die Seelen... Der Erdstall und das slawische Gräberfeld von Niederwünsch - E. Müller - Unterirdischen Gängen in den südniederrheinischen Lössregionen - D. Ahlborn - Die Heidbühlhöhle von Bernmatingen in Bodemseekreis - P. Forster Pour plus d'information: www.erdstall.de SUBTERRANEA BRITANNICA Le numéro d'avril 2012 (issue 29) de nos collèue d'Outre-manche vient de paraitre. Au sommaire notamment: - Visits to tessin and prora. -
Techniques for the Documentation, Registration and Analyses of Rock-Cut Tombs
Techniques for the Documentation, Registration and Analyses of Rock-Cut Tombs SONIA CARBONELL PASTOR, University of Alicante, Spain The Archeology of Death, a line emerged within the processualist theoretical position, meant great advances in issues related to the study of the funeral ancient practices, mainly through anthropological studies. However, we do not always have deposits or primary contexts, usually we find the graves looted, pillaged or modified since ancient times. In this sense, this work intends to constitute a methodological example of approach to the knowledge of the funerary sphere of a society through the application of new technologies for those cases in which we do not have any type of information referred to both the biological subjects and the grave goods that accompanied them. The study case chosen is the necropolis of Cala Morell (Ciutadella), a set of several hypogea or artificial caves with different structural characteristics that seem to be framed in the middle of the first millennium BCE but whose exact chronology we cannot determine with accuracy due to the constant plundering and reuses to which the necropolis was exposed. The goals of our research try to determine if there are socioeconomic differences within the same necropolis, if we can talk about a certain structural pattern and if the results obtained can be extrapolated to the rest of the Menorcan necropolis. The technical methodology used in this research consists in developing a quality graphic documentation using photogrammetric models, the management of a database that includes the structural characteristics of each one of the funeral units treated and, finally, the statistical analysis to infer spatial or socioeconomic issues. -
Survey, Representation and Analysis of a World War I Complex System of Surface and Underground Fortifications in the Gresta Valley - Italy
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXVIII-5/W16, 2011 ISPRS Trento 2011 Workshop, 2-4 March 2011, Trento, Italy SURVEY, REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF A WORLD WAR I COMPLEX SYSTEM OF SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND FORTIFICATIONS IN THE GRESTA VALLEY - ITALY I. Salvador*, A. Vitti* * DICA, Università di Trento, Italy – (isabella.salvador, alfonso.vitti)@ing.unitn.it KEY WORDS: Laser scanning, GIS, Cultural Heritage, Architecture, Representation. ABSTRACT: This work is part of a research on the use of terrestrial laser scanner, integrated with total station and GPS, for the documentation and comprehension of complex architectures in up-land sites. The research is performed in the framework of the project “Ambiente e Paesaggi dei siti di Altura Trentini” - APSAT (Environment and landscape of hill-top sites in Trentino), a multidisciplinary project focused on the evolution of hill-top anthropic system in the Trentino region, Italy. The study area is located in the Gresta Valley and this work concerns on the Nagià Grom site, fortified by the Austria-Hungarian Army during the World War I. The site has been interested by a significant restore operation of a large series of entrenches paths and fortifications in the last decade. The survey herein described has involved an area once interested by military barracks with Officers' Mess, water provision and by one of the biggest field kitchens discovered in the Trentino region. A second survey involved the tunnel connecting the ammunition depot to the artillery stations. The nature of such complex architectures, characterized by an irregular and composite 3D span leads, in general, to necessary simple surveys and representations and somehow to simplified studies too. -
Information De La SFES #147 - Février 2014
Lettre d'information de la SFES #147 - Février 2014 Si vous disposez d’informations qui mériteraient de se trouver dans ces lignes n’hésitez pas à nous les communiquer : [email protected] Si vous ne pouvez pas lire correctement ce message vous pourrez le retrouver dans quelques jours au format pdf sur notre site internet: http://sfes.fr.free.fr/FR/Informations.htm Les anciens numéros de la lettre sont également disponibles à cette même adresse. --- SFES --- Congrès SFES 2014 Le congrès de la SFES 2014 se déroulera les 11 et 12 octobre 2014 à Jonzac en Charente Maritime avec l’aide de Jean-Louis Durand. --- EVENEMENT - CONGRES --- QUÉANT LES CARRIÈRES REFUGES DU NORD DE LA FRANCE Conférence sur les carrières aménagées par le GEVSNF. Le 28 février 2014 à partir de 20h45 à Quéant Voir également à ce propos la revue de presse ci-dessous SUBTREANEA BRITANNICA - SPRING MEETING 2014 Le spring meeting annuel de notre société soeur d'outre Manche se déruolera le 26 avril 2014 à Londres (Imperial College London Royal School of Mine) Programme 9.30 Registration 10.00 Welcome, followed by Annual General Meeting 11.00 Underground London – part 2. Nick Catford will take us on the second part of a voyage below London visiting abandoned Tube stations, cold war bunkers and catacombs, wartime shelters and infrastructure seen on visits spanning 30 years 11.30 Break 11.35 Living, Mining and Fighting Underground 1915 – 1918. Andy Prada of the Durand Group will update us on their remarkable discoveries under the Loos Salient of World War I. -
The Frequency Spectrum and Geometry of the Tohtoal Saflieni
The Frequency Spectrum and Geometry of the ¯H¯alSaflieni Hypogeum Appear Tuned Kristina Wolfea, Douglas Swansonb, Rupert Tilla aUniversity of Huddersfield bIndependent Researcher Abstract The ¯H¯alSaflieni Hypogeum is a unique subterranean Maltese Neolithic sanctuary with a well-documented history of interest in its acoustics [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. Previous studies have noted its unusual strongly-defined frequency spectrum [2], but it is unknown if this was coincidental. In this paper, we present evidence that the Hypogeum's creators shaped the site's geometry to create or amplify its frequency spectrum, or another property closely correlated with the spectrum. Specifically, we show that the observed spectrum required jointly fine-tuning the dimensions of multiple non-contiguous cave walls across multiple independent chambers, to a degree that seems unlikely to be coincidental. We also note that the peak frequencies are evenly spaced and resemble a whole-tone scale in music, which is also unlikely to be coincidental and suggests the spectrum itself might have held some cultural significance. Taken together, it suggests acoustic or spectral properties may have played a motivational or cultural role for the site's Neolithic creators. This work identifies one of the earliest known examples of a manmade structure with a significant musical element to its interior architecture. Keywords: ¯H¯alSaflieni Hypogeum, Malta, Neolithic, sound archaeology, archaeoacoustics, cave acoustics, acoustic modeling 1. Introduction a perturbed version of the full non-rectangular geometry. Our results suggest the aggregate spectrum across the The ¯H¯alSaflieni Hypogeum is a subterranean Neolithic Hypogeum middle level required jointly fine-tuning the structure and UNESCO World Heritage Site in Paola, Malta dimensions of multiple non-contiguous chamber walls to [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. -
Application of Geophysical Methods in the Investigation of Possible Lochs in the Town of Miroslav
Volume I ● Issue 1–2/2010 ● Pages 105–109 INTERDISCIPLINARIA ARCHAEOLOGICA NATURAL SCIENCES IN ARCHAEOLOGY homepage: http://www.iansa.eu News and views Application of Geophysical Methods in the Investigation of Possible Lochs in the Town of Miroslav Pavlína Valováa,b*, Věra Glisníkovác,d aGEODRILL s.r.o., Bělohorská 2115/6, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic bInstitute of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic cUniversity of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Veveří 331/95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic dVENTIMIGLIA s.r.o., 1321/29a, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: During Christmas 2002 the pavement of a yard caved-in, at a private home in the town of Miroslav. The Received: 10 December 2010 cave-in exposed a cavern under the pavement, 1.5 m in diameter and 6 m deep. Investigation confirmed Accepted: 20 January 2011 the hole had opened with the gradual subsidence of soil into the cavern. Indirect evidence resulting from subsequent research supports the possibility that a loch existed here in the past, which, at a later Keywords: date had been turned into a wine cellar. loch geophysical research collapse cavern Introduction margins and within the built-up area. The aim was to detect ruins and to determine the shape of the original cavity. The word loch (from German “loch”, meaning “hole”) is Sounding was performed with a 1.3 m driving (soil) rod, used in Czech archaeology to denote a Medieval or Early and a 4 m hand auger. Machine-digging was not possible in Modern period cellar or tunnel, dug into a rock or sandstone this location. -
A Phenomenological Approach to the Kom El-Shuqafa Catacombs
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE KOM EL-SHUQAFA CATACOMBS A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Archaeology by Laryssa Antoinette Shipley May 2018 © 2018 Laryssa Antoinette Shipley ABSTRACT The Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqafa are one of the best-preserved Alexandrian necropolis complexes from the Roman period. A modern tourist can descend into the catacombs much like an ancient visitor would have, allowing today’s visitor a shared experience with the past. Because Hypogeum I of the site is known primarily for its mixture of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman decorative elements, scholarship on the site is primarily descriptive, focusing on the visual components of the site that show evidence for cultural mixing or “hybridity”. A multi- sensorial approach, however, has yet to be taken. Due to its relatively well-preserved nature, as well as the lack of written evidence at this site, I argue that we can use a phenomenologically- oriented methodology to gain insight on ancient visitor experience, ultimately discovering that ancient visitors would have seen the descent into the catacombs as a descent into the underworld. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Laryssa Shipley is an archaeology master’s student in the Cornell Institute of Archaeology and Material Studies (CIAMS), which she joined in the Fall of 2016. Her interests primarily lie in the Roman Near East, with a focus on phenomenology, materiality, and interconnectivity in the eastern Mediterranean. More specifically, her research involves utilizing a multi-sensorial approach at the Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqafa in Alexandria, Egypt.