Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 47229-001 June 2014 IND: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project Submitted by Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project, Government of Uttarakhand, Dehardun This report has been submitted to ADB by the Public Works Department, Government of Uttarakhand, Dehradun and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. A-PDF Image To PDF Demo. Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark Initial Environmental Examination May 2014 India: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project Restoration Work of (1) Kalsi - Chakrata Motor Road (Package No: UEAP/PWD/C11)and (2) Naugoan-Purola Motor Road (Package No: UEAP/PWD/C11) Prepared by State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Uttarakhand, for the Asian Development Bank. i ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank ASI - Archaeological Survey of India BOQ - Bill of Quantity CTE - Consent to Establish CTO - Consent to Operate DFO - Divisional Forest Officer DSC - Design and Supervision Consultancy DOT - Department of Tourism CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board EA - Executing Agency EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee EARF - Environment Assessment and Review Framework EC - Environmental Clearance EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMMP - Environment Management and Monitoring Plan EMP - Environment Management Plan GoI - Government of India GRM - Grievance Redressal Mechanism IA - Implementing Agency IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IST - Indian Standard Time LPG - Liquid Petroleum Gas MDR - Major District Road MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards NDBR - Nanda Devi Biospher Reserve NDNP - Nanda Devi National Park NH - National Highway ODR - Other District Road OM - Operations Manual PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMU - Project Management Unit PWD - Public Works Department REA - Rapid Environmental Assessment RSPM - Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SDMA - State Disaster Management Authority SH - State Highway SPCB - State Pollution Control Board SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter SPS - Safeguards Policy Statement SRTC - State Road Transport Corporation UCADA - Uttarakhand Civil Aviation Development Authority UEAP - Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project UEPPCB - Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board UJS - Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan VR - Village Road ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES cm - centimeter Crore – 100 lakhs = 10,000,000 Lakh – 100 thousand = 100,000 Km – Kilometer Kph - Kilometer per hour Lpd – liters per day M – Meter mg/l – milligrams per liter Mm – Millimeter MSL - Mean sea level - 10 -6 meter g/m3 – micrograms per cubic meter S/cm - micro Siemens per centimeter NTU - Nephalo turbidity unit Ppm – parts per million iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapters Contents Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 I INTRODUCTION 4 A. Project background/rationale 4 B. Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP) 4 C. Purpose of the environmental assessment 5 D. Extent of IEE 5 E. IEE contents 5 F. Methodology 6 G. Public consultation 6 II POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 7 III DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 11 A. Project location 11 B. Proposed category of the project 12 C. Key rehabilitation and reconstruction activities 12 D. Project implementation schedule 13 IV DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 15 A. Physical environment 15 1. Geography 15 2. Geology 16 3. Physiography 18 B. Pedology 19 C. Climate and meteorology 20 D. Air and noise quality 22 E. Hydrology 23 1. Water drainage 23 2. Water quality 23 F. Mineral resources 24 G. Seismology 25 H. Ecology 25 1. Forestry 26 2. Biodiversity 28 3. Biosphere reserves 31 4. Fishery 33 I. Socio-economic 33 1. Social and cultural development 33 2. Land use and land use pattern 34 J. Health 35 K. Literacy 36 L. Cultural and archaeological resources 36 M. Economic development 37 1. Transportation and communication 37 2. Industrial development 38 3. Agriculture, forestry and fishery 39 N. Fisheries 43 O. Energy and electric power potential 43 P. Aesthetic and tourism 44 V ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 45 MEASURES 5.1 Negative impacts related project location, preliminary planning and Design 46 A. Impact and mitigation measure during planning and design phase 46 B. Impacts during construction phase 46 a. Impacts on the physical environment and mitigation measures 46 iv i. alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by 46 roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site. ii. Impacts on water quality 47 iii. Disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills and quarries. 47 iv. Loss of productive soil 48 v. Compaction and contamination of soil 48 b. Impacts on environmental quality 48 i. Increase in local air pollution due to rock crushing, and filling works 48 and chemicals from asphalt processing. ii. Noise and vibration from civil works 49 C. Impacts on the socio-economic 50 i. Encroachment on historical and cultural areas 50 ii. Impacts on occupational health and safety 50 iii. Impacts on community health and safety 50 VI INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 52 A. Public participation during the preparation of the IEE 52 B. Future consultation and disclosure 55 C. Consultation during detailed design 55 D. Consultation during construction 55 E. Public disclosure 55 F. Project disclosure 56 VII GRIEVANCE AND REDRESS MECHANISM 57 VIII ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 58 A. Environment management plan 58 B. Institutional arrangement 58 I. UEAP, SDMA (PMU) 59 II. UEAP, IA, FPIU 59 III. The Engineer (DSC) 60 IV. Environmental expert of engineer (DSC) 60 V. The Contractor 60 C. Environmental monitoring programme 88 D. Performance indicators 88 E. Environmental budget 91 IX CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 92 v LIST OF TABLES TABLE II -1 : Applicable environmental national and state requirements for UEAP 7 TABLE III-1 : Distribution of road sections to be upgraded under UEAP, by 12 hierarchy and length TABLE IV -1 : Main geologic units of the Kalsi-Chakrata area 16 TABLE IV -2 Geological formation of Central Crystallines along with lithology 16 TABLE IV -3 : The soil types of district Dehradun 19 TABLE IV -4 : The soil types of district Uttarakashi 19 TABLE IV -5 : Doon Valley Climate data 21 TABLE IV -6 Availability of important minerals (million tonnes) TABLE IV -7 : District-wise forest cover, Uttarakhand 26 TABLE IV -8 : Predominant top-canopy (tree) species according to altitude 28 TABLE IV -9 : Wildlife in Uttarakhand 28 TABLE IV-10 : National parks in Uttarakhand 29 TABLE IV-11 : Wildlife sanctuaries in Uttarakhand 29 TABLE IV-12 : List of major flora 30 TABLE IV-13 : List of major fauna 31 TABLE IV-14 : Land utilisation in Uttarakhand 34 TABLE IV-15 : Health indicators of Uttarakhand 35 IV-16 : Health infrastructure of Uttarakhand 36 TABLE IV-17 : Transportation of Uttarakhand state. 38 TABLE IV -18 : Area under principal crops and productivity in Uttarakhand 41 TABLE IV -19 : Ecological sub-regions and altitude-wise major agriculture crops 42 TABLE IV-20 : Mode of irrigation and drainage system in Uttarakhand 43 TABLE IX -1 : Environmental management and monitoring plan 62 TABLE IX -2 : The Performance Indicators and monitoring plans 88 TABLE IX -3 : Environmental monitoring for air, water, noise and soil 90 TABLE IX -4 : Environmental Budget for Kalsi - Chakrata Motor Road 91 TABLE IX -5 : Environmental Budget for Naugaon - Purola Motor Road 92 vi LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) 94 APPENDIX B Public consultation record 10 5 APPENDIX C Site photographs 110 APPENDIX D MoEF issued specific guidelines in July 2013 for State of 11 3 Uttarakhand for expediting forest clearances to carry out the emergency work in forest areas (excluding works in national parks and sanctuaries) APPENDIX 1 Disposal site management 11 6 APPENDIX 2 Environmental standards 11 9 APPENDIX 3 Oil inceptors 12 5 APPENDIX 4 Typical bituminous disposal pit 12 6 APPENDIX 5 Work safety in common operation and in construction 12 7 APPENDIX 6 Tree plantation strategy 13 6 APPENDIX 7 Enhancement measures 140 APPENDIX 8 Guidelines for management of road section through forest area 14 2 APPENDIX 9 Arrangement of traffic during construction 14 4 APPENDIX 10 General guidelines for contractor construction water 14 9 management plan APPENDIX 11 Environmental friendly construction methodology 150 APPENDIX 12 Borrow area management 154 APPENDIX 13 Soil erosion and sedimentation control 158 APPENDIX 14 Locating quarries, rehabilitating quarries and guidelines of stone 159 crushers APPENDIX 15 Storage, handling, use and emergency responses for hazardous 16 2 chemical APPENDIX 16 Site and management of construction camp 16 5 This initial environmental examination is a document of the State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Uttarakhand. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. vii Executive Summary The State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) has Undertaken Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP),