Transactions and Proceedings
of the Palaeontological Society of Japan
New Series No. 84
Palaeontological Society of Japan December 30, 1971 Editor: Takashi HAMADA Associate editor: Yasuhide IwASAKI
Officers for 1971-1972
President : Tokio SHIKAMA Councillors {* Executives) : Kiyoshi ASANO*, Kiyotaka CHINZEI*, Takashi HAMADA*, Tetsuro HANAI*, Kotora HATAI, Itaru HAYAMI, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Taro KANAYA, Kametoshi KANMERA, Tamio KOTAKA, Tatsuro MATSUMOTO*, Hiroshi OZAKI*, Tokio SHIKAMA*, Fuyuji TAKA!*, Yokichi TAKAYANAGI Secretaries: Wataru HASHIMOTO, Saburo KANNO Executive Committee General Affairs: Tetsuro HAN AI, Naoaki AOKI Membership : Kiyotaka CHINZEI, Toshio KOIKE Finance: Fuyuji T AKAI, Hisayoshi I Go Planning : Hiroshi OzAKI, Kazuo ASAMA Publications Transactions: Takashi HAMADA, Yasuhide IwASAKI Special Papers: Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tomowo OzAWA " Fossils" : Kiyoshi ASANO, Toshiaki TAKAYAMA
All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN c/o Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Sole agent: University of Tokyo Press, Hongo, Tokyo Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, X.S., Ko. 84, pp. 179-189, pis. 22, 23, December 30, 1!:'·11
586. THE GENERA NEPHROLEPIDINA AND EULEPIDJNA FROM NEW ZEALAND
KUNITERU MATSUMARU
Department of Natural Science, Saitama University, Urawa, Japan
:=. "" - :/- 7 / I;' iJ• ~'":> i!J( I i',·j· ;,s t- 7 ;::r v !::" ·T· 1 7 },'r:,!:: ::r..- v !::" -r· ·i 7 l,<:t\ : -=- =>-- '/"- =;; / I:·O):ft.\/j • ,;-~Ji:',jil,j",I,',';O)rjJti/[llt&)J:t!J.I•,'iiJ·GifUI', ~t: lepidocyclinas ~t0!NL t.:ij:,~!,J~. )}:v)·-· :f.ii@~ (·~"L·II'Ifill Nephrolepidina orakeiensis (KARRER), N. hornibrooki MATSUMARL', sp. nov., N. howchini CIIAP:-.IA:" and CRESPIN, Eutepidina dilatata dilatata (MICIIE· LOTTI) (,:' ~,'(\j]IJ L 7':' .:::. 0) ·j ·t,, Nephrolepidina h.rl, t::.IMJ L "( IJ:. II ;j;.:f; J::. eFT- A I· 7 ~ T CO 'I' i-kl!tO)Jt!J.m ;J• •:., ,;·u 1',-j· ~:, N ephro!epidin a !:: lbli!d&~·]·l, f.!TfO) ;]:fili c, -& /.: :');)Ufil}~lf;f, ~IVJG!r-:::-.lt.:, K: )L If\ !lH
Recently, VAN DER VLERK (1959, 1963l Introduction proved biometrically that there is a tend ency of the deuteroconch to enclose the The classification of the family Lepido protoconch with advance of age, that is cyclinidae has been established mainly on to say, from the lower horizon to the the structure of the embryonic chambers. younger. This tendency was designated Recently. with the progress of study on as embryonic acceleration of the lepido the lepidocyclinas, the structure of the cyclinas, and is important for studies on embryonic chambers has been classified the phylogeny of the lepidocyclinid spe into the isolepidine to nephrolepidine cies. types or the nephrolepidine to tryblio The writer examined some specimens lepidine types, and their degree of vari of lepidocyclinas from the Otaian, top ation within a species has also been Altonianjbasal Clifdenian and Waiauan studied. As the result, the lepidocyclinas stages of New Zealand for evaluation of with the isolepidine. nephrolepidine or the classification and evolution of the trybliolepidine types of embryonic cham family Lepidocyclinidae. In this article, bers should be reconsidered from the the New Zealand Nephro/epidina and Eu species level. lepidina are described in the systematics. The stratigraphic distributions of the and some species of the former genus two genera, Lepidocyclina with isolepi from Japan and Australia are compared dine type and Nephrolepidina with nephro with one another to interpret their phy lepidine type and with trybliolepidine logenetic interrelationship. type embryonic chambers. are known to have restricted ranges, but with over lapping one another. Acknowledgments
Received Sept. 30, 1970; read Sept. 13, 1970 Deep appreciation is expressed to Dr. at Tokyo. N. de B. HORN !BROOK of the New Zealand.
179 180 Kuniten~ JI!IATSUMARU
Geological Survey, for his kind offer of orakeiensis, sp. nov., Trybliolepidina aff. New Zealand lepidocyclinas from the howchini, Miogypsina cf. irregularis and Otaian, top Altonian/basal Clifdenian and Amphistegina lessoni. The planktonic W aiauan stages and to Prof. Kotara foraminifers from thi3 locality belong to HA TAl of the Institute of Geology and the range zone of Catapsydrax dissimilis. Paleontology, Tohoku University, for his kind helping in various ways and for reading of the manuscript, to Prof. Emeritus Dr. Shoshiro HANZA wA, Prof. Kiyoshi ASANO and Associate Prof. Ta mio KOTAKA of the same Institute, To o• hoku University, for their kind advice JAPAN .and criti::i:om during the present study.
Localities, stratigraphic Positions and Ages
The lepidocyclinas treated in this study are from four localities (Text-fig. 1). The descriptions of the larger foraminifers, stratigraphic position and· age of each locality are according to FINLAY (1947) and HORNIBROOK (personal communica o• tion). Locality 1. N18/569 (=GS733, same locality, but different collection times), south head of Hokianga Harbour on the ,, west coast, north of Auckland, North Island. The larger foraminifers from the "Orbitolite" bed at this locality are Eulepidina sp., Nephrolepidina orakeiensis, Miogypsina cf. irregularis and Amphiste gina lessoni. This bed belongs to the Otaian stage and has been correlated with the Aquitanian of the European ·standard stages. The bed has yielded such planktonic foraminifers as Globo 0 S CAL E 1000 KM .quadrina dehiscens, Catapsydrax dissimilis .and Globigerina woodi. Locality 2. NS0/825, Whakoau Stream, Text-fig. 1. Index map showing the local north of Gisborne on the east coast of ities of New Zealand lepidocyclinas. 1: the North Island. The larger foramini Auckland, 2: Gisborne, 3: Greymouth, 4: fers from the sandstone at the base of Pourere. The localities of Nephrolepidina the massive mudstone (Otaian), at this from Japan and Australia are shown by locality are Eulepidina sp., Nephrolepidina solid dots. .586. Nephrolepiclina and E1depiclina 181
Locality 3. S44/559, Alexander St .. Zealand lepidocyclinas occurred from the Greymouth on the west coast of the South Otaian, Altonian. Clifdenian and W aiauan Island. The larger foraminifers from stages. the base of the Blue Bottom Formation JENKINS (1966) established planktonic at this locality are Nephrolepidina sp., foraminiferal zones and judging from Trybliolepidina aff. batesfordensis. Hetero his zoning, the Otaian, Altonian, Clif stegina 2 spp., Cycloclypeus cf. posteidae denian and Waiauan stages are repre .dodekaseptus, Gypsina cf. howchini and sented by Globigerina woodi connecta, Amphistegina lessoni. The age of this Globigerinoides trilobus trilobus, Globi formation is at the boundary between gerinoides glomerosa curva and Globo the New Zealand top Altonian and basal rotalia mayeri mayeri zones, respectively. Clifdenian stages, corresponding almost HOR:\IBROOK (1967, fig. 4) correlated the to the base of the Langhian and at or New Zealand planktonic foraminiferal just below the earliest occurrence of zones of JENKINS with the Caribbean ·Globigerinoides glomerosus. planktonic foraminiferal zones of BoLLI Locality 4. F5938, Pourerere. east and BLOW. The New Zealand stages from ~oast of Dannevirke, North Island. The their respective planktonic foraminiferal larger foraminifers from the fine sand zones and occurrences of lepidocyclinas stone conglomerate and green sandstone are correlated with Zone N. 4, Zone N. -comprise Trybliolepidina n. sp. aff. rutteni. 7, Zone N. 8 and Zone N. 12 (?)- to Zone Heterostegina 2 spp., Cycloclypeus indo N. 13 of the proposed zonal series of pacificus var. terhaari, Operculina cf. vic BLOW (1969). toriensis 0. sp., 0. n. sp. aff. complanata :and Amphistegina lessoni. The plank Lepidocyclinas studied tonic foraminifer from this locality of the W aiauan stage is Globorotalia mayeri The lepidocyclinas from the four local mayeri, and corresponds to the upper ities stated above are of two types. One :stage of Indonesia. type is a small shell, less than 3.3 mm in diameter of the megalospheric form Notes on the Geology and less than 5.4 mm in diameter of the microspheric form, with less than 62 The marine Tertiary of New Zealand percent in the deuteroconch enclosure is distributed in the North Island in the of the protoconch (=factor A). The Auckland and Hamilton region, the east other type is a large shell, more than -coast region of Gisborne, Hawke's bay 6 mm in diameter and with more than region and the southwest coast of 70 percent in factor A value. The former Wanganui. In the South Island, they type belongs to the genus Nephrolepidina are mainly distributed in the east coast and the latter to Eulepidina. The genus region of Canterbury, the west coast Nephrolepidina is used in this paper, region of Greymouth and the south coast when the structure of the embryonic region of Clifden. chambers is the nephrolepidine type and Many stages have been proposed for the number of specimens possessing such Tertiary rocks, and these comprise the type exceeds 80 percent of the total ·stratigraphical scale of New Zealand number of specimens from one locality. (FINLAY and MARWICK, 1940, 1947). Ac The following four species were iden -cording to HORNIBROOK (1958), the New tified from the four localities. 182 Kuniteru MATSUMARU
Locality 1. Neplzrolepidina orakeiensis From the factor A data of Nephro (KARRER) lepidina howchini from Australia, and· Eulepidina dilalata dilatata Nephro!epidina japonica and N. angulos([ (MICHELOTTI) from many localities in Japan. the rela Locality 2. Nephrolepidina orakeiensis tionship of their embryonic acceleration (KARRER) was examined. The factor A values of Locality 3. Neplzrolepidina hornibroolli Nephrolepidina hornibrooki from New MATSUMARU, sp. nov. Zealand and N. howchini from Australia Locality 4. Nephrolepidina howchini are judged to be of normal distribution: CHAPMAN and CRESPIN from the examination of X2 test (P*> 0.05, :;**=2), and the statistical signifi It is important to examine the embry cance of the difference between the· onic acceleration of the specimens to means of factor A of those species is· interpret the evolutionary development tested by calculating the statistic t ac of the New Zealand lepidocyclinas. The cording to the formula (SIMPSON, RoE·. embryonic acceleration is represented by and LEWONTIN, 1960). factor A value and the biometrical analy sis of the specimens is as follows.
1. Nephrolepidin a orakeiensis (KARRER) Factor A (.%)=35.90; 44.19; 45.24. N. lwrnibrooki:
3 specimens from locality 1 and N 1 =16, mds1 =49.77±4.80.. locality 2. N. howchini
2. Eulepidina dilatata dilatata N2 =31. m2 ±S2 =51.64±8.43. (MICHELOTTI) Factor A (%)=71.05; 75.50; 74.68; The difference is judged to be non 74.77; 75.00. significant at the 5 percent level and 45- 5 specimens from locality 1. degrees of freedom (J.J=N 1 +N2 -2). This 3. Nephrolepidina hornibrooki means that the factor A of the popula MA TSUMARU, sp. nov. tions of both species actually does not Factor A(.%. m*±s**)=49.77±4.80. differ from one another. Thus, it is 16 specimens from locality 3. concluded that the Nephrolepidina horni 4. Nephro!epidina howchini brool
m*=mean, s**=standard deviation. P*=probability, v**=degrees of freedom. 586. Nephrolepidina and Eulep,idina 183
·diameter (= Y) and thickness (=X) are Phrolepidina, the allometric equation of included in the following rejection ellipse Y = bX" is calculated as follows (Text (Text-fig. 2). fig. 3) :
mm Nephrolepidina ora!wiensis !KARRER): Y=l.95X""9", n=17 3.0 Nephrolepidina hornibrool- 1 10 II and Cl~ESPJN: Y =0.22X " , n=8
1- Cll .u ;:::-1200 Cll - 111000 E 0 "":' BOO 1.0 a.r D a; 600 E d 400 0 0 1.0 mm Thickness(=X) ~ 200 150 "T-f---r--.-r-~-. e-O.SO)~(Y- 2.27}1 0.81 0.27 80 100 200 400 ~ Half Thickness (=X) N=23, 8= B0°21' •: Nephrolepidina orakeiensis Text-tlg. 2. Rejection ellipse showing the v = 1.9 5 xo.99 position and variation of Nephrolepidina o: Nephrolepidina hornibrooki hornibrooki MATSl'Mi\Rli, sp. nov. based upon v = 3.4 7 xo.94 the diameter and thickness parameters of +: Nephrolepidina howchini v = 0.22 x1.4o the shell. Text-tlg. 3. Relationship between the half diameter and half thickness of the shell Nephrolepidina howchini (MATSUMARU, through ontogeny of NejJhrolepid?:na orakei 1971) fall in the following ellipse. ensis, NejJhrolepidina hornibrooki and Nephro lepidina howchini.
Though some variation is noticed in From the ellipses it is proved that the characters stated above among the hornibrooki is smaller than howchini and individuals, in the c:tse of the japanese that both species have essentially differ Nephrolepidina, there are no remarkable ent shells. The species identification in differences in the relation between the lepidocyclinas is by the size and onto value of the exponent a of many indi genetic development of the shell. The viduals and that of only one individual. characters of the shell through ontogeny Though a of the three Nephro!epidina are represented by the half di:1meter and species from New Zealand was not cal half thickness of the first to last volu culated for many individuals, it is con ti::>ns of the lateral chambers. From the sidered that the data of NejJhrolepidina me:tsurements of the New Zealand Ne- ora!wiensis (cr=0.£'9), N. hornibrooki (a= 184 Kunite1·u MATSUMARU
BLOW ~gi-ons 1969) . .. ~~·one. J'A PAN AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND "'I ~ a. ZONE ~ --~ ~. 'jj en ~~ II? Form Group~ . ~ -~ Ol :: 11 .!j' · Langhian . T M ,., ,j;; 0 ~ \S ·- N 9 ~ 9 .c: """ II c:~ c: 1------+----,--i----f- II t---- II+-+---- ~ ~-r- ~::::::= ~...:::::::::::.~ ....1....__ N 8 Ill .! ~ _g q-f.-- .'!? .c: ~ : T 1 - -~ ~ ~- .-f---g -~ ~J _g 11 g :; Q. ·~ ~ ·a o Burdigalian 0) ~ 'V 0 Q, c: Til .!! § :: ::' ~ e '8 o o .c: E o -a 'i 1 .s .s ~ c: "' 0 1------+-N 6-+----]_ -]_ g r-+-~ -<= .!::- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 0 Q. - <: Aq u it ani an N -& -& ~ 4 ~ .!): .c: -i"' ~~~~--~~~;-r---~-~--~~-t~~======t:i~~r:+--<:~~------4 LChattian N3 <: --
Plank. F.= PI anktonic Foraminifera Text-fig. 4. Supposed phylogenetic trends of the genus NePhro!.epidina from Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
0.94) and N. howchini (a=l.40) are re 1968. EulePidina dilatala dilatata (MICHEL presentative of each species. OTTI), LANGE, lnaugura!.-Dissertation, The evolutionary development of the Ludwig-Maximi!.ians-Univ., p. 51.-55, pl. embryonic acceleration of factor A and 3, fig. 1. allometry through ontogeny of the indi Shell lenticular or elongate lenticular viduals of Neph"rolepidina, and their in shape, outline polygonal, gene,rally stratigraphic occurrences, the following with pillars and pseudopillars distributed supposed phylogenetic tribes can be on general suaface of shell. Shell di constructed (Text-fig. 4). ameter 5.85* to 8.80 mm, thickness at central portion 1.30 to 1.60 mm. Description of Species Embryonic chambers in equatorial sec tion of eulepidine type, bilocular ; proto Family Lepidocyclinidae SCHEFFEN, 1932 conch large. 505 to 760 microns in diame Genus Eulepidina H. DOUVILLE, 1911 ter, 430 to 715 microns in height, deutero conch large 1035 to 1255 microns in Eulepidina dilatata dilatata (MICHELOTTI) diameter, 250 to 430 microns in height, Pl. 22, figs. 28-38 embraces protoconch along its outer
1861. Q;·bitoides di!.atata MICHELOTTI, Etudes 5.85* : This specimen is not a perfect form, sur le mioc. inf., p. 17, pl. 1, figs. 1-2. but a errosive one. 586. Nephrol epidina and Eulepidina 185 circumference. Ratios of protoconch di 9, p. 94, pl. 1, fig. 21, pl. 18, figs. 6a-b, ameter to deuteroconch diameter 1.39 to pl. 20, fig. 2. 2.04. Factor A of degree of deutero conch to enclose protoconch 71.1 to 75.0 Shell of moderate size, measuring 2.0 percent in five specimens. Partition be to 3.2 mm in diameter a·nd 0.6 to 1.1 mm tween two embryonic chambers 15 to 35 in thickness. Shell lenticular to inflated. microns in thickness. Embryonic cham outline polygonal or rounded, sometimes bers ellipsoidal in general, extend to with conical pillars on top of central wards periphery. boss of inflated shell. and a narrow Equatorial chambers arranged in sub peripheral portion composed . only of circular to polygonal rings in equatorial equatorial chamber layer. Bilocular em section, vary ontogenically in shape from bryonic chambers of nephrolepidine type. arcuate through ogival to spatulate. Factor A of degree of the deuteroconch Lateral chambers large, subcircular to to enclose the protoconch varies from subreniform in shape in transverse sec 35.90 to 45.24 percent. Protoconch small, tion, more or less spacious, especially 245 to 255 microns in diameter and 160 wide in tiers over embryonic chambers, to 220 microns in height, deuteroconch but narrow in tiers just above embryonic large, 320 to 365 micr'ons in diameter chambers. and 120 to 185 microns in height. Ratios Remarl Remarks: The species was originally FINLAY (1947) notes this species to be described on the specimens from Orakei a lepidocyclinid. The writer puts this Bay, Auckland by KARRER in 1864. Ac species in the genus Nephrolepidina based cording to CHAPMAN (1926), KARRER's upon the nephrolepidine structure of the original description of this species is as embryonic chambers and identified it with follows : " The shell is 2 mm to 5 mm in Orbitoides orakeiensis. diameter, circular in outline, somewhat Nephrolepidina orakeiensis resembles N. wavy on the tapering edge, which is morgani in shell form, but differs in the usually broken; somewhat compressed, allometry and the tendency of the deu convex towards the centre and generally teroconch to enclose the protoconch. more so on one face; both sides orna Depository: New Zealand Geological mented with irregular excrescences Survey, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. which cover the surface with a network". CHAPMAN describes this species as "the shell shows a median layer of angular Nephrolepidina hornibrooki cell, which are apparently arranged with MATSUMARU, sp. nov. regularity one another; this layer o.:cu Pl. 23, figs. 12-37 pies about one tenth of the thickness of the shell at the centre; upon this the Shell of moderate size, measuring 1.80 layers of the greater portion of the shell to 2.80 mm in diameter and 0.60 to 1.00 have cells longer than broad and 6 to 7 mm in thickness. Position and variation in number; they are apparently separated of diameter and thickness of shell given by strong walls, of long rectangular form, in Text-filS. 2. Shell lenticular or some apparently dissimilar, and sloping upon times inflated, outline steroid in megalo the axis of the median shell layer ; the spheric forms and polygonal or rounded shells of the median layer are of similar in microspheric forms. narrow peripheral size, rounded, or pentagonal and regular ; portion composed only of equatorial the embryonic cell is very much larger chamber layer. Some conical pillars dis than the remainder, and enclosed on one tributed on central part of megalospheric side by two similarly larger, crescentic shell surface and stout conical pillars on cells". CHAPMAN more or less doubts general surface of microspheric shell whether KARRER's species belongs to surface. Miogypsina (=the writer thinks to be Embryonic chambers of nephrolepidine J\!Iiolepidocyclina) or to Lepidocyclina but to trybliolepidine type of bilocular em places his species in I'v!iogypsina. bryonic chambers. Factor A of degree Explanation of Plate 22 Figs. 1-27. Nephrolepidina orakeiensis (KARRER). 1, 3, 5-6, 8, 10, 13, 15-16, 18-19, 21: equatorial view; 2, 4, 7, 9, 14, 17, 20, 22: yertical view; 11: vertical section; 12: centered oblique section; 23-25: equatorial plane; 26: nearly centered transverse section; 27: vertical section; 1-12: Locality 2; 13-27: Locality 1; 1-10: x7.5; 11: xl9.5; 12: x20.0; 13-26: x7.5; 27: x20.5. Figs. 28-38. Eulepidina dilatata dilatata (MICHELOTTI). 28, 33, 35: equatorial view; 29, 34, 36: vertical view; 30-32, 37-38: equatorial plane; 28- 32: Locality 1; 33-38: Locality 2; 28-38: x 7.5. MA TSUMARU. Ne phrolepidina and Eulepidina Plate 22 M A TSUMAR U and K UMAGAI photo. 586. Nephrolepidina and Eulepiclina 187 of deuteroconch to enclose protoconch IGPS* coli. cat. no. 91691 (Holotype). ranges from 43.08 to 60.42 percent, and mean value and standard deviation in 16 equatorial sections, 49.77±4.80. Proto Nephrolepidina howchini CHAPMAN conch small, 150 to 335 microns in diame· and CRESPIN ter and 115 to 205 microns in height, deuteroconch large, 265 to 420 microns Pl. 23, figs. 1-11 in diameter and 80 to 150 microns in 1932. Lepidocyclina howchini CIIAPl\IA:" and height. Ratios of protoconch diameter CHESPI:--1, Canterbury ll1us., Rec., vol. 3, to deuteroconch diameter 1.15 to 1.90. p. 94, pl. 13, figs. 18-19. Partition between protoconch and deu 1943. Lepidocyclina gippslandica CRESPI:--1, teroconch solid and thin, 3 to 14 microns Proc. Roy. Soc. Vic. (N.S.), vol. 55, in thickness. Embryonic chambers ellip pt. 2, p. 165-168, pl. 3, figs. 1-7, pl. 6, soidal, extend towards periphery, allo figs. 22-28. metry of half diameter to half thickness 1943. Lepidocyclina batesfordensis CRESPIN, through ontogeny given in Text-fig. 3. Ibid., p. 170-173. Equatorial chambers arcuate in nepi 1964. Lepidocychna howclzini CHAP:\IA:" and onic stage near embryonic chambers, CHESPI:", CAHTER, Ceo!. Surv. Vic. mem. no. 23, p. 137-140, pl. 17, figs. through ogival to hexagonal form in 290-292. neanic stage through ontogeny in equa torial section, polygonal in arrangement Shell of moderate size, measuring 2.30 in equatorial section, increasing thickness to 3.25 mm in diameter and 0.60 to 0.90 of roofs and floors of equatorial chambers mm in thickness. Shell lenticular, out from embryonic chambers to peripheral line polygonal or steroid. moderate pe portion in vertical section. ripheral portion composed only of equa Lateral chambers large, subcircular to torial chamber layer. subreniform in shape in transverse sec Embryonic chambers of nephrolepidine tion, more or less spacious, arrangement to trybliolepidine type. Factor A values of lateral chambers from narrow in tiers from 53.70 to 61.36 percent. Protoconch just above embryonic chambers to wide small, 220 to 365 microns in diameter and in tiers over embryonic chambers. Num 170 to 295 microns in height. Ratios of ber of lateral chambers per tier over protoconch diameter to deuteroconch di embryonic chambers seven lateral layers ameter 1.74 to 2.23. Partition between in adult. protoconch and deuteroconch solid and Remarks: The present new species thin, 11 to 26 microns in thickness. resembles Nephrolepidina oralwiensis in Embryonic chambers ellipsoidal extend the allometry, but differs in the outline toward periphery. Allometry of half di of the megalospheric shell form and the ameter to half thickness through onto tendency of the deuteroconch to enclose geny given in Text-fig. 3. the proto~onch. It resembles Nephro Equatorial chambers arcuate in nepi !epidina howchini in shell form, but dif onic stage near embryonic chambers, fers from the latter in the allometry through ogi val to hexagonal form in and the tendency of the deuteroconch to enclose the protoconch. IGPS*=Abbreviation for Institute of Geo Depository: New Zealand Geological logy and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Survey, Lower Hutt, New Zealand and Tohoku University, Sendai. 188 Kuniteru MATSUMARU neanic stage through ontogeny, polygonal Southwest Pacific. Micropaleont., vol. 9, or often circular in arrangement in equa no. 1, p. 1-38, figs. 1-3, pis. 1-9. torial section. FINLAY, H.]. and MARWICK, ]. (1940): The Lateral chambers, subcircular to sub divisions of the upper Cretaceous and Tertiary in New Zealand. Trans. Roy. reniform in shape in transverse section. Soc. N.Z., vol. 70, pt. 1, p. 77:.135. more or less spacious, 8 layers per tier -- and -- (1947) : New divisions of the over embryonic chambers in adult. New Zealand upper Cretaceous and Ter Remarks: The New Zealand specimens tiary. N.Z. jour. Sci. Tee/mol., vol. 28, show more steroidal outline in shell shape no. 4, p. 228-236, tab. 1. than the Australia specimens, but the FINLAY, H.]. (1947): Foraminiferal evidence ontogenetic developments of diameter to for Tertiary trans-Tasman correlation. thickness both in the former and the Trans. Roy. Soc. N.Z., vol. 76, pt. 3; P- latter agree with each other. Judging 327 -352, tab. 1.. from the factor A values, the former HoRNIBROOK, N. DE B. (1958): New Zealand upper Cretaceous and Tertiary foramini may be from a horizon younger than feral zones and some overseas correla-· the latter, although the former is based tions. Micropaleont., vol. 4, no. 1, p. 25- upon the factor A values of only four 38, pl. 1, tabs. 1-2. specimens. -- (1967) : New Zealand Tertiary micro Depository: New Zealand Geological fossil zonation, correlation and climate. Survey, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. In I-IATAI, K. (Ed.J, Tertiary Correlations. and Climatic Changes in the Pacific, P- Reference Cited 29-39, figs. 1-6. ]ENKINS, D.G. (1966a) : Planktonic foramini Br.ow, W.H. (1969): Late middle Eocene to feral zones and new taxa from the Danian recent planktonic foraminiferal biostrati to lower Miocene of New Zealand. N.Z. graphy. In BRb~:-ii~IA)J, P. and RE~Z, jour. Ceo!. Ceophys., vol. 8, no. 6, p. 1088- H.H. (Ed.J, Proceedings of the First In 1126, figs. 1-15. ternational Conference on Planktonic Mi -- (1966b) : Planktonic foraminiferal datum crofossils, vol. 1, p. 199-421, figs. 1-43, pianes in the Pacific and Trinidad Tertia pis. 1-54. ry. Ibid., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 424-427, figs. CIIAP:VI.\~, F. (1926): Cretaceous and Tertia 1-2. ry foraminifera of New Zealand. N.Z. MATSUMARU, K. (1971): Studies on the genus Ceo!. Surv., Pa!aeont. Bu!l., no. 11, p. 1- Nephrolepidina in Japan. Tohoku Univ., 119, pis. 1-22. Sci. Repts., 2nd ser. (Ceo!.), vol. 42, no. CIL\P~IA~, ?.]. (1963): Tertiary larger Fo 2, p. 97-185, figs. 1-42, pis. 9-26. raminifera of the British Solomon Islands, SIMPSON, G.G., RoE, A. and LEWONTIN, R.C. Explanation of Plate 23 Figs. 1-ll. Nephrol~~pidina howchii1.i CIIAP:viAN and CRESPIN. 1-2, 5: equatorial view; 3-4, 6: vertical view; 7-10: equatorial plane; 1.1: vertical section~ 1-11: Locality 4; 1-10: x7.5; 1.1: x19.5. Figs. 12-37. Nephrolepidina hornibrooki MATSUMARU, sp. nov. 12, 14, 16, 18, 21: equatorial view; 22, 24: equatorial view of microspheric form; 13, 15, 17, 19-20: vertical view; 23, 25: vertical view of microspheric form; 26, 28 (Holotype, IGPS coil. cat. no. 91691), 29-31, 33-37: equatorial section; 32: equatorial section of microspheric form; 27: vertical section; 12-37: Locality 3: 1-25: x 7.5; 26-37: x 20.0. MATSUMARU: NephTolepidina and E~depid ina Plate 23 M A T SUMAR U and K uMAGA I photo. 586. Nephrolepidina and Eulepidina 189 (1960): Quantitative Zoology. Harcourt jour., vol. 115, no. 457, p. 46-63, figs. 1- Brace Co., New York, p. 1-440. 3, tab. 1. VLERK, I.M. VANDER (1959): Problems and -- (1963) : Biometric research on Lepido· principles of Tertiary and Quaternary cyclina. MicroPaleont., 'I[Ol. 9, no. 4. P- stratigraphy. Geol. Soc, London, Quart. 425-426, figs. 1-2, tab. 1. Trans. ?roc. ?alaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 84, pp. 190-19;5, pl. 24, December 30, 1971 587. THE DISCOVERY OF THE CYCAD-LIKE LEAFLETS WITH TOOTHED MARGIN FROM THE LOWER CRETACEOUS ITOSHIRO SUB-GROUP, THE TETORI GROUP, CENTRAL HONSHU, JAPAN TATSUAKI KIMURA Mejiro Gakuen _Woman's Junior College and SI-IINJI SEKIDO Science Education Center of Ishikawa Prefecture TllXRiTI!f:, li.li\.H3EIM·Hlr cr~·Msill!fl:) i;'Gri~**:~!Wli.;>) In the past year, we and our co-workers as a new species under the name of Neo found two fragments of the cycad-like zamiles originally established by V. A. frond ·be:J.ring pinnate leaflets with spe V AKIIRAMEEV (1962). -cially toothed margin on their both sides, We should like to thank the staffs of from the equivalent of the Lower Cre the Komatsu City Museum, who co-oper taceous Kuwashima sandstone-shale al ated for us in collecting material, and to ternation member, the Itoshiro Sub-Group, thank Dr. T. KOIWAI vvho kindly co the Tetori Group, located along the upper worked with us in reading the articles course of the Mekkodani, Ozo, Oguchi written in Russian. Our thanks are also mura, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture. extended to Drs. T. l\1_ HARRIS. V. A. We here describe the above specimens VAKHRAMEEV, N.D. V ASSILEVSKAJA and V. A. KRASSILOV, who sent us their valu Received November 4, 1970; read }(ovember able articles continuously, which have 7, 1965 at Chiba. been indispensable to the present study. 190 587. Cycad-like Leaflets 191 The recent development of our know considered to be an original type of the ledge regarding the living Cycads owes recent Enceplwlartos. As was stated by much to the studies conducted by C. ]. SEwARD (1917. p. 508), however, its direct CHAMBERLAIN, ]. SCHUSTER and P. GRE relation not only to Ctenis but also to GUSS. Among the above, for the study recent Encep!wlartos without net-worked of fossil members, more useful is GRE nervation, can not be made clear because GUSS's recent work (1968) with the detail of lacking the point of attachment to the description in which most species of liv rachis. It seems to be impossibl.e to com ing Cycads were done respectively in pare unexpectedly or directly between their xylotomy, leaf-morphology and also the Cretaceous leaflets and the recent leaf-epidermis. cycadean genera depending only on hav So far as leaf-margin is concerned, it ing toothed or serrate margin. has been known that spinose margin is Ctenis exilis originally described by characteristic feature of living Enceplw· HARRIS (1964) exceptionally shows the lartos, but is not always so; in most leaflets with roughly toothed margin. species, margin is markedly spinose on one or both sides and at the apex, but in a few species perfectly entire as in E. Genus Neozamites V AKHRAMEEV. 1962 humilis, E. eximius, E. lelzmanni and etc. Besides this African genus Encepha In 1962, V. A. V AKHRAMEEV established lartos, there are considerable numbers two new genera, Neozamites and Enceplza of species belonging to various genera lartites, based on the cycad-like pinnae represented by the leaflets with toothed, with particularly toothed leaf-margin spinose or serrate margin ; Stangeria from the Lower Cretaceous deposits near eriopus, Dioon spinulosum, Bozcen ia ser Yakutsk. East Siberia, and also described rulata have toothed or serrate margin; two new species in Neozamites and a Bozcenia spectabilis, Stangeria paradoxa single new species in Encephalartites, they both show deeply dissected margin ; most were Neozamites verchojanensis (type species of Zamia and Macrozamia faw species). N. lebedevii and Encep!wlartites cettii show toothed or serrate margin in leipzigii. The following generic diagnosis the apical half or only at the apex of of Neozamites was given (freely trans lamina; moreover in J\1icrocycas there lated) by V AKIII in outline agree closely with the diag nosis of V AKHRAMEEV's genus Neozami tes in representing spinose margin and somewhat cordate base, the central part of which sti::ks to both sides of the up per surface of rachis, sending off nerves radially, not anastomosed. At first the present specimens should 3 be compared with the type specimen, N. ------a---- verc!wjanensis described originally by V AKHRAMEEV from the Lower Cretaceous Text-figs. 3-4: Neozamites elongata Batilifsk. Ekseniafsk form ations and KIMURA et SEKIDO sp. nov. their equivalents near Yakutsk and by 3: Model of traverse section of a frond ( x 1) VASSILEVSKAJA (1966) from the equiva 4: Model of the outline of a leaflet ( x 1) lent of the above, East of the Lena. The specimens derived from the bank of the ca·use of impression alone. Fructification Rampeska (V AKHRAi\IEEV, 1962, Pl. XII, not known. fig. 1) resemble closely the present ones Description of specimens: Two frag in both outline and size, but the former ments of frond have obtained. Pl. 24, is more strongly asymmetrical and con fig. 1 may show the middle portion of spicuously toothed and each itself dis a frond in which pinnae are attached to sected more into 2-3 spines. Another both sides of upper surface of rachis illustrated specimens of N. verclwjanensis suboppositely with the central point of (Ibid., figs. 2-4; V ASSILEVSKAJA, 1966; Pl. cordate base as seen in recent species III, figs. 1-2) have short pinnae and ab of Encephalartos, Ceratozamia and etc. normally dissected tips, from which the The distorted pose in the present figure present ones are clearly distinguishable is not natural but due to the deformation in outline. in its preservation. Pl. 24, fig. 2 shows We have also been informed the occur the thickened median nerve and Text rence of this species from the Lena basin figs. 3 and 4 show the models of traverse by KIRITCHKOVA but we couldn't refer section of a frond and the shape of leaf her article (1966) to the present study let respectively. Pl. 24, figs. 3-4 show for want of her paper. respectively an apical portion of a frond The specimens derived from the Lower and partly enlarged one in which the Cretaceous at the bank of the Vilyuy thickened median nerve fail to notice. under the name of Neozamites lebedevii judging from both Pl. 24, fig. 1 and fig. (V AKHRAMEEV, Pl. XIII, figs. 1-3), should 3, a frond may have reached more than be, at second, compared with the present 30 em in length. ones. The former shows that the leaf Remarks and comparison: Though, tak bases are conspicuously a uriculated, spi ing the recent knowledge regarding the nose margin also marked, very sharply cycadean leaflets into consideration, there pointed at apices, and nerves are radial might remain some doubts in establish and evenly distributed, no midnerve-like ing some new genera only based upon thickening as seen in some leaflets in N. the leaflets with spinose or toothed mar verchojanensis (Ibid., Pl. XII. fig. 1) and gin, it is clear that the present specimens in the present ones, can be noticed at all. 194 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO So N. lebedevii is clearly distinguishable distinguishable from Encephalartites leip from both N. verchojanen sis and the pre zigii in the nature of the leaf-base and sent new species. its nervation. Besides the Potomac spe At third, KRYSHTOFOVICH and PRINADA cimens by FONTAINE in question of their (1932, p. 369) reported some specimens attribution, spinose or toothed cycad-like under the name of Otozamiles denticula leaflets such as Neozamites and Encep/w tus originally but not illustrated, from lartites. seem to be limitted in their dis the Lower Cretaceous of Southern Pri tribution geographically to Far East of morie. V AKHRAMEEV (1962) renamed the Eurasia and in age to the Lower Cre above Neozamites denticulatus (KRYSHTO taceous. FOVICH & PRI:'·~ADA), depending on the Locality and geological horizon: Equiv information by F. N. CHERNISHEV A who alent of the Kuwashima sandstone-shale had observed this specimen deposited at alternation member (Lowest of Lo\ver the Leningrad Museum of Natural His Cretaceous). the Itoshiro Sub-Group, the tory. According to V AKHRAMEEV, N. Tetori Group, near Nijidaki (another denticulatus shows that leaflets are very name; Benidaki), a branch of the Tetori, short in length with symmetrical base Ozo, Oguchi-mura, Ishikawa Prefecture. and with less toothed margin. Occurrence: Rare. KRASSILOV (1967, p. 151. Pl. XL, fig. 1) Reg. Nos.: Kl\1-N-1 (Pl. 24, fig. 1: described the similar but more elongate Holotype) and KM-N-2 (Pl. 24, fig. 3: specimens from the Lower Cretaceous Paratype) ; Both type specimens have Galenkov Series, Southern Primorie. His been deposited at the Komatsu City single illustration shows pinnate habit Museum, Ishikawa Prefecture. and the pinnae elongate-oblong in outline, 4 em long. 1 em wide at the widest with loosely undulated margin and with con References Cited tracted base in both sides. These N. denticulatus are easily distinguishable in CHAMBERLAIN, C.]. (1919): The Living Cy outline of leaflet from the other. cads. New York & London (Hajne1·•s re As is stated above, since the present print, 1965), pp. 1-172. FoNTAINE, W.N. (1889) : The Potomac or specimens might be distinct from those Younger Mesozoic Flora. U.S. Geol. Surv., of any other species already described. Mon. 15, pp. 1-377, 180 pis. so we have hereby made them a new GREGUSS, P. (1955): Identification of Living species to give the name of Neozamites Gymnosperms on the basis of xylotomy. elongata. Budapest. pp. 1-263, 350 pis., 8 tabs. Of course. the present species is also -- (1968) : Xylotomy of the living Cycads Explanation of Plate 24 Figs. 1-4. Neozamites e!ongata KIMURA et SEKIDO sp. nov. Fig. 1: Holotype (Reg. No. KM-N-1) x 1 Fig. 2: Enlarged (partly) of holotype, x 4 Fig. 3: Paratype (Reg. No. KM-N-2) x 1 Fig. 4: Enlarged (partly) of para type, x 3 KIMURA and SEKIDO: Cycad-like L eaflets Plate 24 587. Cycad-like Leaflets 195 with a description of their leaves and VAKHRAMEEV, V.A. (1962): New Lower Cre epidermis. Ibid., pp. 1-260, 18;) pis., 80 taceous Cycadophyta from Yaktsk (in text-figs. Russian). Jour. Paleont., No.3, Moskow, HARRIS, T.M. (1964): The Yorkshire Juras pp. 123-129, 2 pis., 2 text-figs. sic Flora II. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), -- (1964) : Jurassic and Early Cretaceous London, pp. 1-191, 7 pis., 67 text-figs. Floras of Eurasia and the palaeoftoristic KRASSILOV, V.A. (1967): Lower Cretaceous provinces of this period (in Russian). Flora of Southern Primorie and its strati Acad. Sci. USSR, Trans., Vol. 102, Mos graphical significance (in Russian). Far kow, pp. 1-261. East Ceo!. Inst. Siber. Branch, Acad. Sci. -- et al. (1970) : Palaeozoic and Mesozoic USSR, lvloskow, pp. 1-364, 93 pis., 33 Floras of Eurasia and phytogeography of text-figs. this time (in Russian). Ibid., Vol. 208, KRYSHTOFOVICII, A. & PRI:"iAOA, V. (1932) : pp. 1-423. Contribution to the Mesozoic Flora of the V ASSILEVSKAJA, N.D. (1966) : Some Early Ussuriland. Bull. U. Geol. Pros. Serv. Cretaceous plants from Zhigansk district USSR, Bd. 51, fasc. 22, pp. 363-374, 2 pis. (in Russian). Sci. Rep. Paleont. & SEWARD, A.C. (1917): Fossil Plants, Vol. III. Biostratigr., No. 15, Leningrad, pp. 49-76, Cambridge, pp. 1-656. 7 pis. ·------. ·--·----~--~--- Ishikawa-gun 1.i )II 'Iii\ Nijidaki (Benidaki) U¥/ECW~) Itoshiro 11 @ s Oguchi-mura M'i: p tJ Komatsu ;J' ~ Ozo Jfrf. i"".j •• Kuwashima ~ tb Tetori 1· llX Mekkodani I] rrt B'- Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 84, pp. 196-204, December 30, 1971 588. ON SOME BRYOZOA FROM NEAR NAMIOKA-CHO, MINAMI TSUGARU-GUN, AOMORI PREFECTURE, JAPAN TOMOKO HAY AMI Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan ilf~~'?..i¥1~'-lWiN!li'ilii!Jfiifi:OJ;: 1:l"!hft.15: iJ.l.iltr~Jtl!mlli'iJIIIJ'fj"ifi:OJ ::k~Rill!!l\lf i)' G c1:T.'ilft. 15~1~f.:O)"t'¥1i'S-i" :Q. 9 ~ 11 t.ill~~}JIJ L-ilcifi!G L.t.:, 11~~. ltl!~~:::. "?v''"C f;J:, f!f*O) ~UN, llffiJE~Jilt.150)1iJf'?E~*cfiiJG~/lL-t.~:Hi5ffifli~r.~L.t.:. l2i 1.k fJi!: :Y- Introduction and Acknowledgments assistance in the field. The fossil bryozoans described in the present article were collected by the NORTHEAST writer in September, 1970 from a single HONSHU locality of a roadside cliff near Aizawa, southeast of Namioka-cho (Text-fig. 1). These form the second fossil record of the group from the younger Tertiary rocks of Aomori Prefecture and contri bute to our knowledge of the fossil bry ozoan fauna of northeast Japan. At this place the writer expresses her thanks to Professor Kotara HAT AI of the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, for his kindness and guidance throughout the course of the present work. Thanks are due to Pro fessor Takehiko IWAI of the Department of Geology, Faculty of Education of the Text-fig. 1. Locality map of fossil Bryozoa. Hirosaki University, for his kind guid ance to the fossil locality and informa Stratigraphic position and geological tion on the geology of the area. Acknow .ledgments are also due to Miss Hiroko age of the fossil bryozoans UNO of the Hakodate School of the Hok The locality of the fossil bryozoan spe kaido University of Education for her cimens treated in this article is the road Received January 14, 1971; read November side cliff near Aizawa, northeast of Na .22, 1970, at the Hiroshima University, Hiro mioka-cho (Text-fig. 1). At this locality, .shima. there is exposed fossiliferous dark gray 196 588. Bryozoa j)·om A.mnori 197 tuffaceous siltstone intercalated with of encrusting forms. The bryozoans iden rounded pebbles and cobbles of andesite tified amount to 11 species distributed and soft rocks. The fossils are abundant among nine genera, and these are listed but most are rather fragile, and comprise in Table 1. balanids, brachiopods, gastropods, frag The bryozoan species listed in Table 1, ments of spine and carapace of echinoids, comprise several types, among which the foraminifers, and bryozoans, etc. Accord Cellariiform type represented by such ing to IwAr (1965a), this outcrop is one genera as J'vficroporina, Diatosula and ·Of the prolific fossil localities of the Dai Myriozoum is the most abundant. The shaka Formation. next common is the Reteporiform type The Daishaka Formation is distributed which is characterized by Reteporellina rather widely around the type locality and Schizoretepora, and only very few which is near the Daishaka Tunnel of incrusting zoaria of the Membranipori the main Ou railway, Minami-Tsugaru form type are found in the fauna. The Gun, Aomori Prefecture. The formation fauna contains species that have been in the northeastern part of the Hirosaki recorded living along the coast of Ala Basin has yielded many fossils such as ska, Aleutian Islands, Queen Charlotte foraminifers (ASANO, 1938), molluscs Island, and from Hokkaido, all in the (NOMURA and l-!ATAI, 1935; IWAI, 1960, North Pacific. 1962, 1965b), brachiopods (NOMURA and In comparison with the fossil bryozoans l-IATAI, 1935; l-!ATAI, 1940; KOTOH, 1957), recorded by KATAOKA (1957) from the ·spines of echinoids, bryozoans (KAT AO type locality of the Daishaka Formation. KA, 1957), and calcareous algae, etc. there are only two species in common, The stratigraphic position of the Dai namely, Microporina articulata and My .shaka Formation is shown in Text-fig. 2. riozoum suhgracile. The fossil bryozoan fauna described Age Formation in this article comprise species which Tsurugasaka Formation are typically northern in distribution. Pliocene The fauna is characterized by the domi Daishaka Formation nance of Cellariiform and Reteporiform Otakizawa Member of Ka. Fm. types and an assemblage of this kind of Kareizawa Formation types is characteristic of rather shallow Miocene Toyamori Formation water (STACH, 1936; LAGAAIJ and GAU Umanokamiyama Formation TIER, 1965). The thermal conditions of the sea in which the fauna once lived is thought to have been cold as is inferred Pre- from the distribution of the living coun Tertiary terpart species. The conditions were Text-fig. 2. The stratigraphic position of the probably similar to the present day east Daishaka Formation, after IwAr (1965a). coast of Hokkaido to northeast Aomori Prefecture. This inference seems to be in good agreement with the results ob The fossil bryozoans tained by ASANO (1938) from the foram inifers, by NOMURA and l-IATAI (1935) The bryozoan specimens occur as bro from the molluscs, and by KATAOKA ken stems and as branches or fragments (1957) from his studies on the bryozoans 198 Tomoko HA YAM! Table l. Bryozoan species identified frcm 1\amioka-cho. Genus and species Distribution Microporina articulata (F ABR ICil's) Recent, Japan Sea; Off Torishima and Para mushir Island; California; Greenland and Queen Charlotte Island. Pliocene. Sado (Nii gata Pref., Japan); Miocene, Ishikawa ?ref., and Hokkaido. Tricellaria sp. Diatosula marion en se (Bus I<) Recent, Prince Edward Island (80-150 fms); Off Heard Island (75 fms) ; Off Marion Island (50-75 fms). Schizobrachiella subhexagona (ORTMANN) Recent, Sagami Bay. Cystisella midwayanica CANU & BASSLER Eocene, North America. ? Cystisella americana CANU & BASSLER Recent, Gulf of Mexico (32 fms); Porto Rico. Schizoretepora tumescens (ORTMANN) Recent, Paramushir Island and Hokkaido ;· Sagami Bay (40 fms) and (200-230 fms). Costazia rota (MAcGILLI\"RAY) Recent, Juan Fernadez (35m); Australia;· Cape Horn and East Africa; and Gulf of Manaar. Schismopora chrysalis CANU & BASSLER Recent, Philippine Region (20 fms). Myriozoum subgracile D'OR BIG NY Recent, Japan (shallow water); Kara Sea (33-127 m) and Mourmane Sea (90 m) ; Para mushir Island; and Alaska (15-25 fms) and· (13-22 fms). Myriozoum coarctatum (SARS) Recent, Pacific Coast of Canada (Juneau 20 fms); Alaska and Off Washington; and Queen Charlotte Island . .. _____ ------· of the Daishaka Formation. p. 287, pl. 14, fig. 86; pl. 16, fig. 102. The geological age of the Daishaka 1929. Microporina japonica CANU and BAss- Formation based upon the molluscs (No LER, p. 139, pl. 14, figs. 9-11. MURA and HAT AI, lw AI). the brachiopods 1933. Cellaria borealis BusK, OKADA, p. 214. (NO;viURA and HATAI. HATAI), and the 1936. MicroPorina articulata (F ABRICit;s). SAI Genus j'vficroporina LEVINSEN, 1909 Description: Zoarium erect, cylindrical,. Microporina articulata (FABRICIUS, 1821) of jointed segments, branching formed of 9-10 rows of zooecia. Zooecia large, elon 1905. Ce!!aria borealis (BusK), ROBERTSO!\, gate, alternate, surrounded by a raised. 588. Bryozoa .fro?n Ao1no1·i 199 Text-fig. 3. Bryozoa from Namioka-cho. a. Dialo su!a marionense ( B us ~-: ) , x 30, show ing ordinary and broke n ov icell e d zooecia. b. ? Cyslise!L a americana C ANU and B ASSLEH, x 30 . c . .Schismopora chrysalis C ANU a nd B ASSLE R, x 30, s howi ng a portion of large, massive, and multila me ll ar zoarium. d . Tricellaria sp., x 30. thread; frontal very porous. Aperture Genus Tricell aria FLEM ING, 1828 semicircular. A vicul aria distal, distribut ·ed at irregular intervals; rostrum tri T rice LLaria sp. angul ar , pointing downward. Te x t-fig. 3- cl Measurements (in mm) : Zooecia: Lz = 0.72- 1.28, vV z = 0.28- 0.36. DescrijJtion: On ly a fragmenta l zoari DejJosilory: IGPS* coil. cat. no. 86809. um , uniserial (?). Zooecia large, elongate; Remarlzs: ROBERTSON (1908) noted that opecium oval larger than half as long as J\;fi croporina articulata is a species strict- front. Latera l avicularia lar ge. tri:mgu 1y northern in distribution and stated lar rostrum hooked at tip; fronta l avi that it has not been reported south of cula r i3. wanting. Trace of two spines the Queen Charlotte Is lands. at distal part of mura l rim, and one of Disl ribution: Recent, Param ushir Is scutum located a lmost at middie of lat land a nd Hokkaido (t\'IAWATA RI , 1956) ; eral mural rim. Paramushir Island (OKADA, 1933) ; Sagha l Mea surements (in mm) : Zooecia: Lz ien 20.5- 66 m (ANDROSOV A, 1958) ; Alaska = 0.60- 0.72, Vh= OAO; Opecia: lop= 0.40, 14 fms (OSBURN, 1950) ; Japan Sea (CANU wop= 0.32. and BASS LER, 1929). Fossil, Pliocene, Sado DejJ os ilory : lG PS co iL cat. no. 86810. (Niigata Pref.) (SAKAKURA , 1936); Miocene, R emarhs : As no complete zoarium was Hokkaido (HAYA iVIT , 1970). found in the collection it could not be determined w hether it was uniserial or biseria l. However, the reference of t he Famil y Scrupocellariidae LEVINSE N, 1909 present specimens to TriceLLw·ia seems to be without doubt, because there are no IGPS*= abbreviation for Instit ute of Geology vibracula or avicularia on the dorsal :a nd Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai. surface. This species may represent an 200 Torno leo HA YAM I undescribed form, but n.aming is avoided Schizobrachiella subhexagona at present because of the lack of well (ORTMANN, 1890) preserved specimens. 1890. Schizoporel!a subhexagona ORTMANN, P- 51, pl. 4, fig. 3. Family Stomachetosellidae CANU 1957. Schizobrachiella subhexagona (ORT and BASSLER, 1917 MANN), HARMER, p. i026, pl. 74, figs .. 17, 19, 24-26. Genus Diatosula CANU and BASSLER, 1927 1965. Schizobrachiella subhexagona (ORT MANN), MAWATARI, p. 615, text-figs. Diatosula marionense (BusK, 1884) 107a-c. Text-fig. 3-a Description: Three fragmental speci 1884. Myriozoum marionense BusK, p. 171., pl. mens. Zoaria incrusting; z6oecia quin 23, fig. 6. cuncial, somewhat flat, short. Frontal 1929. Diatosula marionense (BusK), CANU and wall with many rather large pores which BASSLER, p. 293. extend around distal side of orifice. Ori 1.953. Diatosula marionense (BusK), BASSLER, fice with a low, thin peristome; proximal p. 200, text-fig. 1.50-'1. margin nearly straight at both ends, with wide and slightly rounded sinus. No· Description: Zoaria free. branches sub a vicularia. cylindrical. Zooecia immersed, lines of Measurements (in mm) : Zooecia: Lz separation not visible; frontal wall with =0.80. W z=0.68. large irregular pores. Orifice rounded Depository: IGPS coil. cat. no. 86812. above and lower margin possessing U Distribution: Recent, Sumbawa, 69-73- shaped sinus. A pair of small avicularia, m (HARMER. 1957); Japan (ORTMANN, slightly prominent, present above orifice; 1890). Fossil. this is the first record. ovicell when present occur on each side of orifice. Ovicell subimmersed, large, round. Interzooecial avicularia large. long triangular. its tip pointed proximally. Family Smittinidae LEVINSEN, 1909 Afeasurements (in mm): Orifice: lor= Genus Cystisella CANU and BASSLER. 1927 0.20, wor=0.18; Interzooecial a vicularia: lav=0.48, wav=0.28. C,)stise/la midwayan ica CAI':U Depository: IGPS col!. cat. no. 86811. and BASSLER. 1920 Remarlzs: CANU and BASSLER (1929) designated ivfyriozoum marionense BusK, 1.920. Cystise!!a midwayanica CANe and BAss- 1884, as the genotype of Diatosula. LER, p. 479, pl. 8, figs. 5, 6. Distribution: Recent, Prince Edward Island 80-150 fms, Marion Island 50-75 Description: Only four fragmental zoo fms. Off Heard Island 75 fms (BUSK. 1884). ecia; zoarium incrusting. Zooecia sepa Fossil, this is the first record. ration not visible. but interior subhex agonal ; frontal somewhat convex and finely granulated. Peristome thin, little Family Schizoporellidae ]ULLIEN, 1903 salient in distal part; with 6 to 8 stout spines. Two small cardelles present at Genus Schizobrachiella CANU low position of peristome. Avicularia and BASSLER, 1920 form long chamber, median and conical; 588. Bruozoa from Aomori 201 its orifice turned toward aperture. Family Reteporidae SMITT, 1867 Measurements (in mm): Zooecia (inte rior): Lz=0.32-0.40, Wz=0.30-0.36. Genus Schizoretepora GREGORY, 1893 Depository: IGPS coli. cat. no. 86813. Schizoretepora tumescens Distribution: Recent, unknown. Fossil, Eocene, North America (CANU and BASS (ORTMANN. 1890) LER, 1920). 1890. Retepora tumescens OwrMAN:", -p. 34, pl. 2, fig. 20. 1956. Schizoretepora tumescens (OwrM AN!\), ? Cystisella americana CAI\U MAWATARI, p. 131, figs. 14a-g. and BASSLER, 1928 1958. Retepora imperati var. tumescens (ORT l\-IANN), A:-mRosovA, p. 175, text-fig. Text-fig. 3-b 106. Compared with: Description : Fragmental zoaria, rather 1928. Cystisella americana CAJ\U and BAss thick. Zooecia facing one side, elongate LER, p. 113, pl. 15, figs. 7, 8. subhexagonal, convex, smooth with two 1940. Cystisella americana CANV and BAss to six small pores. Orifice circular with LER, OsBCRN, p. 439. shallow sinus. Frontal avicularia of two kinds, one very large and prominent, Description: Zoarium incrusting, bila other small and not salient, sometimes mellar or multilamellar. Zooecial sepa wanting. A pair of spines on distal cor ration not visible, but interior large and ner of peristome. Dorsal vibices a little long. Frontal fine granulated, two to salient, separated, elongate quadrate or three pores present at marginal part. irregular. Dorsal avicularia small, some Aperture large, semi elliptical. A vicular what acute, elliptical, variable in num ian chamber with a pair of glands, large bers. and long, almost occupying frontal. Avi Measurements (in mm) : Zooecia: Lz cularia very large, as large as aperture; =0.80-0.84, Wz=0.28-0.40. its shape somewhat elliptical, and nar Depository: IGPS coil. cat. no. 91693. rower at distal part. Ovicell not found. Distribution: Recent, Kurile Islands Measurements (in mm) : Zooecia (inte and Hokkaido (l\IIA WATARI, 1956) ; Sagami rior) : Lz=0.80-1.20, W z=0.44-0.46; Aper Bay 40fms, 200-300fms (ORTMANN, 1890); ture: lap=0.32-0.36, wap=0.28-0.32. Saghalien (ANDIWSOVA. 1958). FossiL this Depository: IGPS coil. cat. no. 91692. is the first record. Remarl what elliptical. Frontal wall smooth with Myriozoum subgracile D'ORBIGJ\Y, 1852 irregular pores at marginal part. Aper ture round distally, and with round, wide 1908. Myriozoum subgracile D'0RBIGNY, Ro BERTSON, p. 296, pl. 21, fig. 5. sinus proximally. Peristome thin not 1929. Myriozoum subgracile D'0RBIGNY, CANU prominent. A pair of avicularia, promi and BASSLER, p. 512, pl. 65, figs. 9-13. nent distally, rather large, in peristome 1935. Myriozoum sub gracile D'OR BIGNY, SA each side. Ovicell not found. KAKURA, p. 36. Measurements (in mm): Zooecia (inte 1952. Myriozoum subgracile D'0RBIGNY, Os rior) : Lz=0.76, W z=0.56; Aperture: lap BURN, p. 514, pl. 64, figs. 3, 4. =0.24, wap=0.20. 1956. lv!yriozoum subgrac£/e D'0RBIGNY, MA Depository: IGPS col!. cat. no. 91694. WATARI, p. 132, fig. 15f-i. Distribution: Recent, Philippine region 1958. Leieschara subgracilis (D'0RBIGNY), AN 20 fms (CANU and BASSLER, 1929); Juan DRosov A, p. 145, text-fig· 72. Fernandez 35m and Bass Strait (MARCUS). 1965. Leieschara subgracilis (D'0RBIGNY), MA w ATARI, p. 624, text-figs. 143a-c. Fossil, this is the first record. Description: Zoaria free, branches cy Genus Schismopora MACGILLIVRAY, 1888 lindrical. Zooecia immersed. its sepa ration not visible. Frontal wall punctate Schismopora chrysalis CANU with rather large pores. Orifice higher and BASSLER, 1929 than broad, sometimes broader than high. proximal margin straight with a well Text-fig. 3-c marked sinus. A pair of small avicu 1929. Schismopora chrysalis CANU and BAss lsria, occasionally only one avicularium, LER, p. 430, pl. 62, figs. 11, 12. lateral or above each zooecium, and mandible directed obliquely downward. Description: Zoarium very large, multi- Measurements (in mm): Orifice: lop= 1amellar. Zooecia rather erect, orbicular; 0.16, wop=0.12. frontal granular and surrounded by scat Depository: IGPS col!. cat. no. 91696. tered areolar pores. Aperture round dis Distribution: Recent, Puget Sound and tally, and straight with wide, shallow Baffins Bay (ROBERTSON, 1908) ; Japan Sea sinus proximally. Peristome thin; a pair lCANU and BASSLER, 1929) ; Alaska 13-25 of avicularia present at both sides, some fms (OSBURN, 1952) ; Aleutian Islands and times wanting. Interzooecial avicularia Japan (MAWATARI, 1956, 1965); Aleutian sporadic, very few; its shape somewhat Islands 10-100 m (ANDROSOVA, 1958). Fos elliptical. Ovicell not found. sil, Pleistocene, Chiba Pref. (Japan) (SA Measurements (in mm): Zooecia: Lz KAKUJ{A, 1935). =0.80, Wz=0.40; Peristome (with sinus): lper=0.24, wper=0.24. Depository: IGPS col!. cat. no. 91695. Myriozoum coarctatum (SARS, 1850) Distribution: Recent, Philippine region 20 fms lCANU and BASSLER, 1929). Fossil, 1908. Myriozoum coarctatum (SARS), RoBERT· SO:", p. 295, pi. 21, figs. 55-57. this is the first record. 1952. Myriozoum coarctatum (SARs), OsBURN, p. 513, pl. 64, figs. 5, 6. Family Myriozoidae SMITT, 1867 Description: Zoarium free, branches Genus Myriozoum DONATI, 1750 cylindrical. Zooecia indistinct, no lines 588. Bryozoa from Aonwri 20:3 of separation; frontal a very thick tremo Japan. Tohoku Imp. Univ., Sci. RejJts., cyst with large irregular pores. Orifice 2nd Ser., vol. 20, pp. 1-413. longer than wide, rounded distally, HAYA!\11, T. (1970): Miocene Bryozoa from straight at sides. proximal border trans Southwest Hokkaido, Japan. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., no. 79, pp. 316- verse with a narrow sinus. A vicularia 336, 2 pis. wanting. I\L\1, T. (1960): Pliocene Mollusca from the l'vfeasurements (in mm): Orifice: lor= Xishi-Tsugaru district, Aomori Prefec ·0.22, wor=0.20. ture, Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., Res. Depository: IGPS col!. cat. no. 91697. Bull., no. 29, pp. 33-45, 1 pl. Distribution: Recent, Off the coast of -- (1962): The Pliocene deposits and mol Oregon and Washington 152fms (OSBURN, luscan fossils from the northeast margin 1952) ; Alaska (ROBERTSON, 1908). Fossil, of the Tsugaru Basin, Aomori Prefecture, this is the first record. Japan. Ibid., no. 31, pp. 35-46. -- (1965a) : The geological and paleonto logical studies in the marginal area of References the Tsugaru Basin, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Educ. Fac., Hirosaki Univ., Bull., A;-.;DRosov A, E.I. (1958) : Bryozoa of the old no. 14, pp. 83-155 (in Japanese). er Cheilostomata of the north part of the -- (1965b): The geological and paleonto Japan Sea (in Russian). Issledovaniya logical studies in the marginal area of Dalinevostochnykh Morei V, Akademiya the Tsugaru Basin, Aomori Prefecture, Nauk SSSR, pp. 90-204, 104 text-figs. Japan. Ibid., no. 15, pp. 1-68. AsA:"fO, K. (1938) : On some Pliocene Foram KATAOKA, ]. (1957) : Bryozoa from the Dai inifera from the Setana Beds, Hokkaido. shaka Formation (Pliocene), Minami-Tsu japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., vol. 15, pp. 87- garu-Gun, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. 103. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., BASSLER, R.S. (1953) : Treatise on Inverte no. 28, pp. 143-153, 1 pl. brate Paleontology, pt. G. Geol. Soc. KOTOH, J. (1957) : Brachiopoda from the Dai America and Univ. Kansas Press. pp. G shaka and Tsurugasaka fossil zones, Mi 1-G253, 175 text-figs. nami-Tsugaru-Gun, Aomori Prefecture. BusK, G. (1884) : Polyzoa I, The Cheilosto Ibid., no. 25, pp. 7-10. mata. in Report on the scientific results LAGAAIJ, R. and GAUTIER, Y.V. (1965): Bry of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, Zoo!., ozoa assemblages from marine sediments vol. 10, pt. 30, pp. 1-216, pis. 1-36. of the Rhone delta, France. Micropaleont., CA"iU, F. and BASSLER, R.S. (1920): North vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 39-58, 34 figs., 1 chart. American Early Tertiary Bryozoa. U.S. MA\\'ATARI, S. (1956): Cheilostomatous Bry Natl. Mus., Bull. 106, pp. 1-877, 162 pis. ozoa from the Kurile Island and the neigh -- and -- (1928) : Fossil and Recent Bry bouring districts. Pac. Sci., \'OJ. 10, no. ozoa of the Gulf of the Mexico Region. 2, pp. 113-135, 15 text-figs. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., vol. 72, pp. 1-165, -- (1965) : Bryozoa: in New illustrated 34 pis. encyclopedia of the Fauna of Japan (in -- and -- (1929) : Contributions to the Japanese). pp. 585-628. Holw ryu-Kan. biology of the Philippine Archipelago and No~rt:RA, S. and HATAI, K. (1935) : On two adjacent regions; Bryozoa. U.S. Nat!. species of Brachiopoda from the Daishaka Mus., Bull. 100, vol. 9, pp. 1-685, 94 pis. Shell Beds of Daishaka, Aomori-Ken. Saito HARC\!ER, S.F. (1957): The Polyzoa of the Ho-on Kai Mus., Res. Bull., no. 5, pp. 55- Siboga Expedition, Pt. IV, pp. 642-1147, 59. pis. 42-74. -- and -- (1935) : Pliocene Mollusca from HAT AI, K. (1940): Cenozoic Brachiopoda from the Daishaka Shell-Beds in the vicinity of 204 Tomoko HAYAMI Daishaka, Aomori-Ken, northeast Honsyil, Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, YO!. 14, Japan. Ibid., no. 6, pp. 83-142, 5 pis. no. 1, pp. 1-269. OKADA, Y. (1933): On a collection of Bryo -- (1952) : Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of zoa from the Northern Kurile Expedition. America. pt. 2, Cheilostomatous-Asco Biogeogr. Soc: japan, Bull., vol. 4, no. 3, phora. Ibid., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 270-611. pp. 213-216. SAKAKURA, K. (1935) : Pliocene and Pleisto ORTMAJ'\1\, A. (1890): Die Japanische Bryo cene Bryozoa from the B6s6 Peninsula zoenfauna. Arch. f. Naturgesch., Bd. 1, (I). jour. Fac. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tollyo, H. 1, pp. 1-74, 4 pis. Sec. 2, vol. A., pp. 1-48, 7 pis. OsBuR:-.;, R.C. (1940) : Bryozoa of the Porto -- (1936) : On Microporina articulata (FA Rico with a resume of the West Indian BR ICIUS), a Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Bryozoan fauna. New York Acad. Sci., Jour. Geol. Soc. japan, vol. 43, no. 15, PP- Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and the Virgin Is 259-267, 1 pl. lands. voi. 16, pt. 3, pp. 321-486, 9 pis. STACH, L.W. (1936): Collection of zoarial -- (1950) : Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of form with habitat. Jour. Ceo!., vol. 44, America. pt. 1, Cheilostomatous-Anasca. no. 1, pp. 60-65. Aizawa ~'II iR Daishaka )( fR :illi! Kareizawa .:E?t~.iR Namioka-cho if 589. AMUSSIOPECTEN FROM NORTH AMERICA AND NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA* KOICHIRO MASUDA Department of Geology, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan ~l:::;lj(:J":> J: Ol-/:1:;ljUI::'fi!lO) Amussiopecten: Amussiopecten f Introduction able to Amussiopecten have been des cribed under other genera or subgenera, Since Amussiopecten was established such as Pecten, Amusium, or Aequipecten. by SACCO 1897, it has been frequently as will be pointed out below. There· recorded from various localities of fore, Amussiopecten can be considered Neogene and Paleogene formations in to be one of the most significant and South and Central Europe, the Mediter important pectinids among the Cenozoic ranean Region, Iran, East Africa, South Pectinidae of the world, particularly east Asia and East Asia, and believed from the view point of its world wide to represent a tropical or subtropical but locally limited geographical distri pectinid. A.mussiopecten assumes such bution, more or less restricted geological varied morphological characteristics that range and intimate relationships with it has been frequently confused with certain other pectinids. related pectinids. Some species refer- The name Amussiopecten has not been * Received January 24, 1971: read January used in describing any American species. 24, 1971 at Tokyo. However, Cox (1942) has already pointed 205 206 Koichiro JYIASU DA out that a well known Miocene form, fornia Academy of Sciences in San Pecten vanvlecki ARNOLD (1907) described Francisco, Dr. Wend ell P. WOODRING of from the Vaqueros Formation in Central the Smithsonian Institution in Washing to Southern Californi::l might be referable ton, D. C., Prof. ]. Wyatt DURHA1VI of the to Amussiopecten, but this has not been Museum of Paleontology, University of up to now confirmed. Moreover, it is California in Berkeley and Dr. David reasonable to assume that some species M. HOPKINS of the U.S. Geological referable to Amussiopecten should have Survey in Menlo Park. for their continu been distributed to the area extending ous encouragement, criticisms and from the North America to South reading of the manuscript. America during the Tertiary period. During the course of the present work The writer has examined numerous the writer received support from the specimens preserved in the Department following persons to whom he takes of Geology of Stanford University; this opportunity to express his deep Museum of Paleontology, University of gratitude: Drs. Harald A. REHDER and California in Berkeley; U.S. Geological Thomas R. WALLER of the Smithsonian Survey in ·Menlo Park ; U.S. National Institution. Drs. Norman F. SOHL and l'vl useum in Washington. D. C. ; California Warren 0. ADDICOTT of the U.S. Geo Academy of Sciences in San Francisco ; logical Survey, Drs. Horace G. RICHARDS Academy of Sciences of Philadelphia; and Charles GIVENS of the Academy of and Paleontological Research Institution Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Dr. in Ithaca. The results of these exam Katharine V. W. PALMER of the Paleonto inations lead the writer to conclude that logical Research Institution and Mr. several species described from the Mio Joseph H. PECK of the Museum of Pale cene or Oligocene formations of the West ontology, University of California. Coast of North America, Central America, Thanks are due to Mr. Kenji SAKA Caribbean Region, and northern South MOTO of the U.S. Geological Survey in America should be referred to the genus Menlo Park, who made photographic Amussiopecten. Two species new to sci work. ence are described in the present article. Acknowledgments are also due to the In the present article the writer Department of Geology of Stanford wishes to describe the morphological University, Museum of Paleontology of characteristics of some species referable University of California in Berkeley, to Amussiopecten and two new species California Academy of Sciences, U.S. of Amussiopecten, and to discuss the Geological Survey in Menlo Park, relationship among the species. More Smithsonian Institution, Academy of over, paleontological significance of the Sciences of Philadelphia and Paleonto genus Amussiopecten is given. logical Research Institution. for per mission to study their collections. Acknowledgments are also made to Acknowledgments the Ministry of Education of the Japanese Government, for its permission for the Acknowledgments are clue to Dr. A. writer to study abroad. Myra KEEN, Professor Emeritus of the Department of Geology, Stanford Univer sity, Dr. Leo G. HERTLEIN of the Cali- Historical Review of Amussiopecten 589. Amussiopecten 207 Amussiopecten was established by veloped in Iran, East Africa and Medi SAcco in 1897 as a subgenus of Pecten terranean Region several species of based upon Pecten burdigalensis LA Amussiopecten were described by Cox MARCK, an important Miocene pectinid (1927, 1939), DOUGLAS (1928), and EAMES in Europe, and at the same time he and Cox (1956). Also from an Oligocene described two subspecies of P. burdiga formation in Iran Amussiopecten cL lensis. Subsequently, UGOLINI (1907, 1908) labadyei (d' ARCHIAE and HAIME) was raised Amussiopecten to generic rank, as recorded by Cox (1936). In 1927 Cox did many later authors, and he trans pointed out that V ala sing!zirensis and ferred eight species known from the Volagendinganensis described by MARTIN Miocene formations in Italy to this (1909) from the Neogene formations in genus. Thenceforth, many species or Java, Indonesia, might also be referable subspecies of Amussiopecten were des to Amussiopecten. cribed from Miocene formations in In the Far East part of Asia several Central and Southern Europe (SCHAFFER, species referred to Amussiopecten were 1910, COSSMAN and PEYROT, 1914, described from the Neogene formations TELEGD-ROTH, 1914, VON TEPPNER and in Japan and Taiwan (YOKOYAMA, 1922. DREGER, 1918, EAMES and Cox, 1956, and 1928, NOMURA, 1933, 0TUKA, 1934, SHUTO. others). In 1922 VON TEPPNER sum 1955. AKIYAMA, 1957, MASUDA. 1962a). marized the classification of the Tertiary Recently, CHANG (1967) also reported the Pectinidae in his ·' Fossilium Catalogus" occurrence of Amussiopecten sp. from and included 18 species and seven sub Early Miocene formation in Taiwan. species of pectinids in the subgenus Among the species known from East Amussiopecten of the genus Philippia. Asia, Amussiopecten praesignis (YOKO On the other hand, DEPERET and YAMA) has been frequently reported ROMAN (1910, 1912) did not use the from the Early Pliocene formations in Amussiopecten as either genus or sub the Pacific Borderland of Southern genus, but they raised Flabellipecten, Japan and Taiwan (MASUDA, 1962b). which was also established as a subgenus No species has hitherto been described of Pecten at the same time as Amussio and recorded under AmussiojJecten either pecten by SACCO (1897). to generic rank, a genus or subgenus from either North and moreover, they included the type America or South America. In 1969· species of Amussiopecten. Pecten (Amus HERTLEIN alluded to the occurrence of siopecten) burdigalensis which was origi Amussiopecten in North and South Ameri nally designated by SACCO, and the other ca, but he did not give any details. species of Amussiopecten, in the genus Thus, Amussiopecten in North and South Flabellipecten. America has remained unknown. Subsequently, some authors in Europe (ROGER, 1939, VEIGA, 1954, ACCORD!, 1955. v ' CSEPREGHY-l'v!EZ:-.JERICS, 1960, CTYROKY, Notes on Amussiopecten 1969. etc.) followed the classification of DEPERET and ROMAN, and they did not In 1897 SACCO gave so simple diagnosis use the taxon Amussiopecten but assigned to the subgenus Amussiopecten that all known species and subspecies of some confusion arose between Amussio Amussiopecten to Flabellipecten. pecten and Flabellipecten, as mentioned From the Miocene formations de- above. Later COSSMAN and FEYR CT 208 Koichiro MASUDA (1914, p. 272) gave a better diagnosis of (1961), the present genus is closely re the subgenus Amussiopecten, as follows: lated to the genus Pecten and is believed " Shell generally large, a little arched, to form a continuous lineage between with a little gape; both valves convex, Pecten and Amusium. but left valve a little less convex than right valve; auricles a little elevated and rather long ; byssal notch not very Amussiopecten from North conspicuous ; ornamentation takes like and South America Pecten s. s., but more or less obsolete in full adult specimens (Translation)". So far as examined, among numerous The following diagnosis of Amussio· specimens collected from the Tertiary pecten as a subgenus of Pecten was strata in North America, Central Ameri presented by Cox (1927) : "Shell orbi· ca, West Indies and South America the cular, equilateral. inequivalve, the right following species and subspecies which valve more inflated than the left; ears have been described under other generic fairly large, subequal, the sinus below taxa such as Pecten, Amusium and the right anterior one scarcely developed; Aequipecten can be considered to be re right valve sculptured with broad, ferable to the genus Amussiopecten. depressed radial ribs, left valve with a Also it appears that some species rather smaller number of much narrower referable to the present genus have fre radial ribs; ribs frequently becoming quently been recorded as Amusium from obsolate towards the ventral margin; the Oligocene and Miocene formations. internal ornament sometimes consisting For example: Pecten (Pecten) vanvlecki of broad ribs (corresponding in position ARNOLD (1907), Pecten (Amusiwn) anti to the external interspaces) concave in guensis BROWN (1913), Pecten (Aequi cross section, with prominently raised pecten) preg!yptus OLSSON (1922), Pecten margins, and sometimes of paired narrow (Pecten) hawleyi HERTLEIN (1925) and ribs (as in Amusium), each pair obviously Pecten antiguensis churuguarensis F. and representing the margins of one of the H. HODSON (1927). Among them Pecten broader ribs, the central portion of which (Pecten) hawleyi HERTLEIN can be con is undeveloped ; ligament-pit deep; cardi sidered to be a synonym of Amussio nal crura fairly well developed, three in pecten vanv!ecki (ARNOLD) as discussed the right valve and two in the left; later. Moreover, two new species from auricular crura strong, tuberculiform ". Oligocene and Miocene formations in In 1956 EAMES and Cox raised Amussio Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Mexico, and pecten to generic rank and at the same one undescribed species from the Miocene time they also used Flabellipecten as a of Mexico have been found, but the subgenus of Pecten. latter specimens are unfortunately so Although PHILIPPI (1900) concluded poorly preserved that they are not that the genus Amusium may belong to named. a different lineage from that of Amussio The following species of Amussiopecten pecten, it is considered that Amusium is are confirmed by the writer from the related to Amussiopecten in general geological formations ranging from the features except for the smooth surface, Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene in equally inflated valves, and rather thin North America, Central America, West shell. Also as pointed out by MACNEIL Indies and northern South America. .589. Am1tssiopecten 209 1. Amussiopecten vanvlecki (ARNOLD) rather large, angulated auricles with from the Early to Middle Miocene in wide and shallow byssal notch ; surface Southern to Central California, U.S. A. of right valve with broad, low, square 2. Amussiopecten antiguensis (BROWN) sided or flatly rounded radial ribs which from the Late Oligocene of Antigua usually tend to become obsolete towards Island, West Indies. ventral and lateral margins; left valve 3. Amussiopecten preglyptus (OLSSON) with rounded, low radial ribs and raised. from the Middle Miocene in Costa Rica. regularly spaced, fine incremental lines ; 4. Amussiopecten churuguarensis (F. and radial ribs usually narrower than their H. HODSON) from the Late Oligocene in interspaces in younger stage but usually Venezuela and Puerto Rico, West Indies. tending to become broad and obsolete 5. Amussiopecten harrisi MASUDA, new towards ventral margin ; interior surface species from the Late Oligocene in with distinct paired internal ribs which Puerto Rico and Mexico. are more prominent near ventral margin ; 6. Amussiopecten woodringi MASUDA, hinge with simple cardinal crura having new species from the Late Oligocene in a rather distinct provinculum and distinct Puerto Rico and Early Miocene in auricular crura which terminate distally Trinidad. in a distinct oblong denticle at each 7. Amussiopecten species from the Early extremity. Miocene in Mexico. The present genus can be distinguished from Flabellipecten in having slightly inflated, nearly equivalved shell, squarish Description or flatly rounded, low radial ribs which tend to become obsolete towards ventral Family Pectinidae and lateral margins, and rather large, Subfamily Amusiinae angulate auricles in the right valve; left valve with rounded radial ribs Genus Amussiopecten SACCO, 1897 tending to become broad and obsolete to\vards the ventral and lateral margins ; Amussiopecten SAcco, 1897, p. 53. hinge with rather simple cardinal crura Type-species (original designation) : provided with a rather distinct provin Pecten burdigalensis LAMARCK, 1809. culum. Moreover, Amussiopecten is never Miocene (Burdigalian), France. provided with intercalary threads in Geological range :-Oligocene to Plio either valve but Flabellipecten usually cene. has intercalary threads in the left valve. Geographical distribution :-Central and Although from the morphological South Europe, Mediterranean, North and characteristics DEPERET and ROMAN East Africa, Iran, India, Indonesia, (1910) concluded that Amussiopecten Taiwan, Japan, West Indies, North should be referred to Flabellipecten, the America, Central America and northern writer believes that from the above South America. mentioned morphological characteristics Remarks :-This genus is characterized Amussiopecten should be ranked as a by its medium to rather large, medium genus as did UGOLINI (1907) and EAMES thick, slightly inflated, nearly equivalved and Cox (1956). Also that Flabellipecten shell; right valve always a little more should be placed as a subgenus of Pecten, inflated than slightly inflated left valve; because Flabellipecten has characteristics 210 Koichi1·o MASUDA very similar to those of the genus Pecten, as pointed:. out by LoEL and COREY (1932). except for the greatly inflated right Hinge with simple cardinal crura with valve. fiat or sometimes concave left a distinct provinculum and distinct valve, and rather smaller number of cardinal crura terminating distally in distinctly squarish. high radial ribs in an oblong denticle. Paired internal ribs Pecten s. s. well developed near ventral margin. Comparison :-Pecten (Pecten) hawleyi was described by HERTLEIN (1925) from Amussiopecten vanvlec!?i the same formation containing P. van (ARNOLD, 1907) vlecki, and was based upon one small left valve and one· small. poorly pre Pl. 23, figs. la-b, 2, 3, 4 served right valve. However, according 1907. Pecten (Pecten) vanvlecki ARNOLD, to the re-examination of type specimens Smiths. Misc. Coli., Vol. 50, p. 428, pl. (Stanford University Type Coli. Nos. 53, figs. 1, 2. 19, 20) it seems that P. hawleyi is a 1907. Pecten (Pecten) vanvlecki ARNOLD, synonym of P. vanvlec!?i, that is to say, ARNOLD and ANDERSON, U.S. Ceo/. P. hawleyi has features characteristic Surv., Bull., 322, pl. 17, figs. 1, 2. of P. vanvlec!?i, such as slightly inflated 1925. Pecten (Pecten) hawleyi HERTLEIN, South. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bull., 24, pt. left valve with rounded radial ribs that 2, p. 40, pl. 4, figs. 4, 5. tend to become flatter and lower to 1932. Pecten (Pecten) hawleyi HERTLEIN, wards ventral margin. distinct, raised, LoEL and CoREY, Univ. Calif. Pub!., regularly spaced incremental lines and Bull. Dept. Ceo!. Sci., Vol. 22, no. 3, p. distinct paired internal ribs. Thus, it 194, pl. 20, fig, 1 (not fig. 2). appears that P. hawleyi represents an 1932. Pecten (Pecten) vanvlecki ARNOLD, immature form of P. vanvleclli. Also P. LoEL and COREY, Ibid., p. 193, pl. 20, hawleyi was recorded by LOEL and figs. 3, 5. COREY (1932) from the Vaqueros For 1932. Pecten vanvlecki ARNOLD, BRE?v!NER, mation at Santa Ynez Mountains in Santa Barbara Mus. Nat. Hist., Occ. Paper No. 1, pl. 2, fig. 6. Southern California. However, according to the writer's study of their type Holotype :-U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coil. No. specimens (Museum of Paleontology, 165305. Univ. Calif. Berkeley, Coli. Nos. 31718, Remar!?s :-From the study of many 31719), the left valve can be identified specimens of A. vanvlec!?i the writer with P. vanvlec!?i but the right valve considers that the following features can be considered to be referable to must be added to the original description: Aequipecten andersoni (ARNOLD). Shell slightly inflated, subequivalve, Pecten vanvlec!?i has frequently been though right valve a little more convex confused with Pecten (Amusium) lompo than slightly inflated left valve which censis ARNOLD (1906), described from the is sometimes nearly fiat in younger Temblor Miocene in Southern California, stage but tends to become slightly in as already pointed out by LOEL and flated with growth; radial ribs of right COREY (1932), but the former is easily valve flatly round-topped, more or less distinguishable from the latter by its squarish in profile, rather distinctly rather thick shell, squarish, low, flatly separated from their interspaces and round-topped radial ribs tending to be· varying in number from about 13 to 18, come obsolete towards the ventral and 589. Amussiopecten 211 lateral margins, paired internal ribs near Paso Robles, Templeton quadrangle developed at lower part and larger and and Nipomo quadrangle southwest angulate auricles. The relations between across the Paso Robles quadrangle to the shell height and hinge length are central western Adelaide quadrangle, shown in Text-fig. 1. However. because San Luis Obispo County ; Orange County : of the state of preservation sometimes Early to Middle Miocene. the two can not be distinguished from one another. Amussiopecten antiguensis (BROWN, 1913) X mm Pl. 26, figs. 4, 5 0 X 200 X 191.3. Pecten (Amusium) antiguensis BRm\·:-;, )< X Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. X X X 613, pl. 18, figs. 1, 2, 3, 5. xx 1919. Pecten (Amusium) antiguensis BRm\·1', X X CooKE, Carnegie Inst. Washington X Publ., 291, p. 143, pl. 13, figs. 6, 7. X X Holotype :-Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 0 X Coil. No. 1648. X Remarks:-This species was first des o lompocensis X cribed by BROWN (1913) from the Antigua X vanv lecki X Limestone of Antigua Island, West Indies, based upor" several poorly pre ~--~10~----~~~------S~Omm served specimens and then it was des HINGE LENGTH cribed from the type locality by CooKE Text-fig. 1. Graph showing the relation (1919). Also it was reported by HARRIS ship between the height and hinge length (1926) from the Oligocene formation in of shell. Trinidad. The type specimens and the topotype Dimensions (in mm):- specimens (U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coil. No. Valve R-L R R R L L L 197139) are unfortunately not well pre Height 95 105 92 78 120 80 50 served but this species is characterized Length 98 110 92 ca. 76 125 82 52 by the following features: Shell medium Depth 15* 7 ca. 8 ca. 6 ca. 4 *-thickness in size and thickness, compressed; sub equivalve, but right valve a little more Type locality :-Mouth of Ballard inflated than left valve, forming an Canyon, 2 miles south of Santa Ynez, angle of 120° or a little more at apex. Santa Barbara County, California. Va Right valve slightly inflated, with about queros Formation. Early Miocene. 16 very low. flatly round-topped radial Distribution :-Santa Y nez and Fox ribs tending to become obsolete towards Mountains, Santa Barbara County; Oak ventral and lateral margins and fine Ridge, Ventura County; Santa Cruz incremental lines ; radial ribs. broader Island, Santa Lucia Mountains, and than their interspaces; auricles rather western foot hills from northern San large, somewhat angulate, with fine con Luis Obispo quadrangle, railroad cutting centric lines; anterior auricle with wide 212 Koichiro MASUDA and shallow byssal notch. Left valve Type locality :-Hodges Bay, Antigua slightly inflated, with very low, rounded Island, West Indies. Antigua Limestone. radial ribs tending to become obsolete Late Oligocene. and broad towards ventral margin, and Distribution :-Known onLy from the regularly spaced, raised, fine incremental type locality. lines. Hinge with simple cardinal crura This species has been reported from with fine provinculum; auricular crura the Early Miocene of Venezuela by terminate distally in a distinct denticle HARRIS (1926, p. 107) but it has not been at each extremity. Interior surface with . authenticated. distinct paired internal ribs near ventral margin. Amussiopecten preglyptus BROWN (1913) stated that the radial (OLSSON, 1922) ribs of this species are about 13 in 1922. Pecten (Aequipecten) preglyptus 0Ls number but the writer finds that they soc-;, Bull. Amer. Paleont., Vol. 9, no. are about 16 in number. 39, p. 202, pl. 17, figs. 2,7. According to the writer's study of the hypotype specimen preserved in the Holotype :-Paleont. Res. Inst., Coil. No. Paleontological Research Institution 21140. (Coil. No. 25058) which was illustrated Remarks :-As this species was based by HARRIS (1926) as Pecten antiguensis upon a poorly preserved left valve, its BROWN from the Adivinanza quarry, detailed morphological features remained east of Princes Town, Trinidad, it seems unknown. It is characterized by its that HARRIS's specimen can not be re rather small shell, slightly inflated left ferred to P. antiguensis; that is to say, valve, about 16 rounded, very low radial the specimen, consisting of a right ribs which tend to become obsolete to valve, differs from the present species wards ventral and lateral margins and in having a smaller apical angle and narrower than their interspaces in larger number of more elevated radial younger stage but tend to become nearly ribs, which are more rectangular in equal to their interspaces in breadth profile and broader than those of P. with growth; fine, regularly spaced in .antiguensis. Therefore, this can be con cremental lines; distinct auricular crura sidered to represent a new form of terminating distally in an oblong denticle Amussiopecten described in the present at each extremity ; distinct paired internal paper. ribs near ventral margin ; and simple Comparison :-Amussiopecten antiguen cardinal crura. sis differs from A. vanvlecki by its This species was described under the smaller shell, larger apical angle and subgenus Aequipecten but from the above very low radial ribs. mentioned morphological characteristics it is evident that it can not be referred Dimensions (in mm) :- to that subgenus but to Amussiopecten. Unfortunately the characteristics of the Valve R ** R** L ** R* L* L* L* right valve remain unknown. Height 61 63 55 64 40 Length 55 53 65 64 40 Comparison:-This species can be dis Depth ca. 5 ca.5 ca.4 ca.7 ca.4 tinguished from A. vanvlecki by its *-cotype specimens, smaller shell, indistinct low radial ribs, **-topotype specimens and smaller auricles. Amussiopecten .589. A.mnssiopecten 213 preglyptus also is related to A. antigu lateral margins; and regularly spaced ensis, but it differs in the smaller apical raised incremental lines; auricles straight, angle, the incremental lines not raised, with distinct concentric lines. Hinge and oblong denticles at each extremity with simple cardinal crura and distinct of the hinge. auricular crura. Interior surface with Dimensions (in mm) :-Height 50, length paired internal ribs. 50, depth ca. 5. Although this species was originally Type locality :-Upper Cocles Creek, described as a subspecies of P. anti Limon Province, Costa Rica. Gatun For guensis, it is evident from the morpho mation. Middle Miocene. logical characteristics above mentioned Distribution :-Known only from the that it should be raised to a species. type locality. Comparison:-Amusium ocalanum (DALL) from the Eocene Ocala Limestone Amussiopecten churuguarensis in Florida (HARRIS, 1951) can be dis (F. and H. HODSON, 1927) tinguished from the present one by its oblique, thin shell, left valve little more Pl. 26, figs. 6, 7 inflated than right valve, complicated 1927. Pecten antiguensis churuguarensis F. and cardinal crura, faint radial ribs, rather H. Hooso:'i, Bull. Amer. Paleont., Vol. deep byssal notch and ctenolium. Amu 13, no. 49, p. 35, pl. 20, figs. 1, 3, 4, sium ocalanum is considered to be a pl. 22, fig. 2. significant species in clarifying the re Holotype :-Paleont. Res. Inst., Coil. No. lationship between Amusium and Amus 21965. siopecten. Need for a detailed study is Remar!zs :-The specimens studied en evident. ·able the presentation of the following This species can be distinguished from description: Shell rather small to medium other species of Amussiopecten by its in size, thin, orbicular in outline, com extremely angulate auricles. pressed, subequivalve but right valve more inflated than left valve; valves Dimensions (in mm) :- ·smooth but radiately ribbed and forming Valve R* R R R L L L L an angle of about 110° at apex. Right Height 42 50 35 28 45 37 24 21 21 valve slightly inflated, with about 14 Length 45 56 38 30 45 37 26 4 3.5 5 -ca. 2 2 very low, flatly round-topped radial ribs Depth ca.5 6 *-holotype tending to become obsolete towards ventral and lateral margins and regularly Type locality :-Districts of Petit, Mir spaced, fine incremental lines; radial anda, Federacion and Buchivacoa, State ribs broader than their interspaces ; of Falcon, Venezuela.· Churuguara For :auricles extremely angulated, nearly mation. Late Oligocene. equal to each other, with wide and Distribution :-Churuguara Formation, shallow byssal notch below anterior Venezuela; San Sebastian Formation, auricle and with rugose, fine concentric Puerto Rico: Late Oligocene. lines. Left valve slightly inflated, with very low, rounded radial ribs that are Amussiopecten harrisi nearly equal to their interspaces in MASUDA, n. sp. younger stages, but tend to become .obsolete and broad towards ventral and Pl. 26, figs. la-b 214 Koichit·o MASUDA Holotype :-U.S. Nat!. Mus., Col!. No. can be distinguished from the present 646476. new species by its larger shell, nearly Description :-Shell medium in size, flat left valve in younger stage that rather thin, compressed, subequivalve; tends to become slightly inflated with right valve a little more inflated than growth. the more distinct, high radial left valve; valves radiately ribbed and ribs in right valve. and distinct radial forming an angle of about 1100 at apex. ribs narrower than their interspaces and Right valve slightly inflated, with about raised, rugose. fine incremental lines in· 16 low but rather distinct, perpendicular the left valve. sided. flatly round-topped radial ribs The present species also is related to tending to become obsolete and broad A. antiguensis but it differs from the· towards ventral and lateral margins, latter in having distinct, perpendicular and faint, fine incremental lines; radial sided radial ribs in right valve and the ribs broader than their interspaces, which left valve with distinct, flatly rounded, are flatly round bottomed ; auricles some broad radial ribs. It differs from A .. what angulate, with fine concentric lines preg!yptus in having left valve with and faint, fine radial threads. Left valve flatly rounded radial ribs that are nearly slightly inflated, with low, rather flatly equal to their interspaces in younger rounded radial ribs. which tend to be stage. auricles with radial threads and come obsolete towards ventral and lateral distinct denticle at each extremity of margins, crossed by regularly spaced, hinge. raised, faint, fine incremental lines; Several poorly preserved specimens radial ribs nearly equal to their inter referable to the present species are spaces in breadth at younger stage but known from an unnamed formation of tending to become broader than their Late Oligocene in Mexico. interspaces with growth; auricles Type locality :-U.S. Geol. Surv.. Loc .. straight, with fine, faint radial threads No. 19780. San Sebastiar, quadrangle, and concentric lines. Hinge with simple west of San Sebastian, Puerto Rico. San cardinal crura provided with a distinct, Sebastian Formation. Late Oligocer..e. fine provinculum. wide and shallow Distribution :-San Sebastian For- resilial pit, and distinct auricular crura mation, Puerto Rico; Simojovel. Camino· terminating distally in a distinct denticle Carretero, Chiapas, Mexico (Univ. Calif. at each extremity. Interior surface with Berkeley, Loc. No. B8267): Late Oligocene. distinct paired internal ribs near ventral margin. Dimensions (in mm) :-Holotype, height Amussiopecten woodringi 57. thickness 12.5; paratype, right Yalve, MASUDA, n. sp. height 28, length 29, depth, ca. 4; right valve, height 45, length 45. Pl. 26, figs. 2a~b, 3a~b Remarks:-This species is named in 1926. Pecten antiguensis BRowr;, HARRIS, honor of Late Prof. Gilbert D. HARRIS johns Hopkins Univ., Stud. Geol., No. who greatly contributed to the paleonto 7, p. 107, pl. 19, fig. 4 (non BROW:\', logical studies of Central and South 1913). America and founded the Paleontological Research Institution in Ithaca, New York. Holotype :-U.S. Nat!. Mus.. Col!. No. Comparison :-Amussiopecten vanvlechi 646474. .589. Arnussiopecten 215 Description :-Shell medium in size, and paleontological studies in the rather thin, compressed, orbicular in Central America and South America. outline. equilateral, subequivalve; right Comparison :-Pecten antiguensis illu valve a little more inflated than left strated by HARRIS (1926) from the Ste. valve; valves radiately ribbed and Croix Formation in Trinidad can be re forming an angle of about 115° at apex. ferred to the present new species, be Right valve slightly inflated, with about cause the type specimen (Paleont. Res. 21 very low, roundly flat-topped radial Inst., Coli. No. 25058) has radial ribs ribs and fine incremental lines ; radial showing characteristics similar to those ribs somewhat broader than their inter of the present species but it differs from spaces in younger stage but tend to be antiguensis in several particulars. Al ·come broader and obsolete towards though HARRIS (1926) described this ventral and lateral margins; auricles specimen as an Oligocene species, the rather large, angulate, subequal to each locality of this specimen at present is ·Other, with somewhat raised, rugose. considered to belong to the Early fine concentric lines ; anterior auricle Miocene Ste. Croix Formation. with shallow and wide byssal notch. This new species can be distinguished Left valve slightly inflated, with very from fl. anliguensis (BROW:t\) by its low, rounded radial ribs tending to be smaller apical angle at the apex and the ·COme obsolete towards ventral and lateral larger number of very low radial ribs. margins with growth and rather dis Also fl. harrisi MASUDA differs from the tinct, regularly spaced, fine incremental present one in having a smaller number lines ; radial ribs narrower than their of perpendicular sided radial ribs in the interspaces in younger stage but tending right valve and distinctly broader radial to become nearly equal to or a little ribs in the left valve. broader than their interspaces with Type locality :-U.S. Geol. Surv .. Lac. growth ; auricles straight, with rugose, No. 19775. Central La Plata quadrangle, fine concentric lines and faint, fine radial northeast of Central La Plata, Puerto threads. Hinge with simple cardinal Rico. Lares Limestone. Late Oligocene. crura provided with fine provinculum Distribution:-Lares Limestone. Puerto and wide and shallow resilial pit; auri Rico; Ste. Croix Formation, Trinidad: cular crura distinct, terminate distally Late Oligocene to Early Miocene. in a distinct denticle at each extremity. Interior surface with distinct paired .lmussiopecten sp. internal ribs near ventral margin. Pl. 2:i, 1igs. 5a-c Dimensions (in mm) :- Valve I~- L * R-L R R L Three rather poorly preserved speci Height 50 70 63 57 <15 mens from the Early Miocene Tuxpan Length 52 70 63 •!:i Formation in Vera Cruz, Mexico are at Depth 10** ca. 11** ca.::J ca. 4 ca.3 hand. They are in the collections of *-holotype, **-thickness Smithsonian Institution and in the Remarlzs :-This species is named in California Academy of Sciences. They honor of Dr. Wendell P. WooDRING of may characterized as follows: Shell the Smithsonian Institution, who has rather large, medium in thickness, com greatly contributed to the stratigraphical pressed, subequivalve; right valve a 2Hi Koichiro MASUDA little more inflated than left valve; Length 100, thickness 17 (U.S. Nat!. valves radiately ribbed and forming an Mus., Col!. No. 646478); length 100; angle of about 115° at apex. Right height 42, length 45, thickness 10 (Calif. valve slightly inflated, with about 18 Acad. Sci., Loc. No. 41035). very low, perpendicular sided radial Locality:-" Hill A" in City of Tuxpan. ribs tending to become obsolete towards Vera Cruz, Mexico. Tuxpan Formation. ventral and lateral margins. and fine Early Miocene. incremental lines; radial ribs broader Distribution :-Tux pan Form at ion, than their interspaces; auricles rather Mexico; Aguada Formation, Puerto Rico: large, somewhat angulate, subequal, with Early Miocene. rugose. fine concentric lines. Left valve slightly inflated, with flatly rounded, Paleontological Significance low radial ribs and regularly spaced fine incremental lines ; radial ribs nearly In the present study the following equal to their interspaces in breadth, species referable to the genus Amussio tending to become obsolete towards pecten are recognized from the Late ventral and lateral margins ; auricles Oligocene to Middle Miocene formations straight, subequal, with rugose, fine con in North America, Central America, West centric lines. Hinge with simple cardinal Indies and northern South America ; crura and fine provinculum; auricular Amussiopecten vanvlecki (ARNOLD). A. crura distinct. Interior surface with antiguensis (BROWN), A. preglyptus (OLS paired internal ribs. SON), A. churuguarensis (F. and H. Several fragmental specimens from the HODSON), A. harrisi MASUDA, n. sp., A. Early Miocene Aguada Formation in woodringi MASUDA, n. sp. and A. sp. Puerto Rico (U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. Judging from the descriptions and 19710) seem also to belong here, and are figures the writer considers that the included with some hesitation. following species and subspecies in These specimens apparently represent Europe and the Mediterranean Region an unnamed species, but naming is can be referred to the genus Amussio withheld until better specimens are pecten. collected. Amussiopecten burdigalensis (LAMARCK. From A. woodringi this form is dis 1809) : Oligocene to Miocene tinguishable by its larger shell, more or A. burdigalensis elongata (MYLIUS, less squarish and smaller number of 1891) : Miocene radial ribs in the right valve, and the A. burdigalensis spinosella (SACCO, left valve with low radial ribs which 1897) : Miocene are nearly' equal to their interspaces in A. burdigalensis minor (v. ROTH, 1914) : breadth. A. harrisi also is related to Oligocene the present one but differs in having a A. galloprovincialis (MA THERON, 1842) : smaller shell, rather distinct, squarish Miocene radial ribs in the right valve, the left A. jJasinni (lVIENEGHINI, 1857) : Miocene valve with distinct radial ribs that are A. koheni (FUCHS, 1876) : Miocene broader than their interspaces, and A. vinassai (UGOLINI, 1899) : Miocene auricles provided with radial threads A. ugolinii (DEPERET and ROMAN, 1912) : and concentric lines. Miocene Dimensions (in mm) :-Height ca. 100, A. guebhardi (DEPERET and ROMAN, 589. Amussiopecten 211 \ \ 0 J Text-fig. 2. Distribution of Oligocene Amussiopecten. 1912) : Miocene 1909) : Miocene A. benoisti (COSSMAN and PEYROT, A. gendinganensis (MARTIN, 1909) : 1914) : Miocene Pliocene The geological age of Amussiopecten From Japan and Taiwan the following in Europe and Mediterranean Region species are known from the Early Miocene ranges from the Late Oligocene to Middle to Early Pliocene formations. Miocene. However, in Europe there is Amussiopecten praesignis (YOKOYAMA, so much confusion in the classification 1922) : Pliocene of this group that a detailed study seems A. yabei (NOMURA, 1933) : Pliocene necessary to clarify the biostratigraphical A. iitomiensis (OTUKA, 1934) : Miocene relations of Amussiopecten. A. alziyamae MASUDA, 1962: Miocene The following species are known A. sp., CHANG (1967) : Miocene from the Late Oligocene to Early to From the species listed above it is Middle Miocene formations in Iran, and evident that the geological range of East and North Africa. Amussiopecten is from the Late Oligocene Amussiopecten burdigalensis (LAMARCK, to Early Pliocene. The Oligocene species 1809) : Oligocene to Miocene are known from Europe (CSEPREGHY A. gregoryi (Cox, 1927) : Miocene MEZNERICS, 1964, CTYROKY, 1969, etc.), A. africanus (Cox, 1927) : Miocene Iran (Cox, 1936), Puerto Rico and Antigua A. cf. labadyei (D'ARCHIAC and HAIME, Island in West Indies, Venezuela and 1854) : Oligocene (Cox, 1936) Mexico, and also the Pliocene species A. sp., EAMES and Cox (1956) : Miocene are known from Japan, Taiwan (MASUDA, In Indonesia the following species 1962b) and Indonesia (MARTIN, 1909). have been described from the Early The other species are all known from Miocene and Early Pliocene formations. the Early to Middle Miocene formations Amussiopecten singikirensis (~'IARTIK. in world wide distribution. That is to 218 Koichiro MASUDA Text-fig. 3. Distribution of Miocene Amussiopecten. say, it is evident that the Amussiopecten gradually lower from the Late Oligocene group, except for a few species of East to the latest Neogene. Therefore, it can Asia, became extinct at the end of be considered that as the result of Middle Miocene time. The stratigraphi changes in the oceanographic conditions ·Cal and geographical distributions of the with time all species of Amussiopecten genus Amussiopecten is shown in Text in Europe and America became extinct figs. 2-4. It is interesting to notice that at the end of Middle Miocene but in {1) the genus Amussiopecten appeared in East Asia three species were able to the Late Oligocene and was dispersed survive to the Early Pliocene. That is from Central Asia to Central America, to say, the environmental conditions in (2) in the Early to Middle Miocene South East Asia did not change extremely Amussiopecten expanded its range to during the later Tertiary and have been world wide and many species appeared, rather stable than those of the other and (3) in the Early Pliocene only a few areas from the Early Miocene to Early species lived in southern East Asia and Pliocene. they became extinct at the end of Early From the accounts given above it ap Pliocene. pears that the distribution of Amussio All species of Amussiopecten in Europe pecten has been dependent upon the and America became extinct at the end changes of oceanographic conditions of Middle Miocene, but in East Asia progressively during its geological age. three species survived to the end of Therefore, world wide occurrences of Early Pliocene. In general, the decrease Amussiopecten are considered to be very in number of species with time can be significant for interregional correlation. explained by the changes of oceanogra The Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene phic environmental conditions. The pectinid faunas in North America are water temperature generally became usually composed of European elements 589. Amussiopecten 219 (} .. Text-fig· 4. Distribution of Pliocene Amussiopecten. such as Pecten, Flabellipecten, Amusium, (OURHANI, 1961, WHITMOKE and STEWART, Amussiopecten, Argopecten, Lyropecten, 1965, WoODRil'\G, 1966). The North Aequipecten, etc., but the Late Miocene American continent may have been con to Pliocene pectinid fauna in the northern nected with the South American continent West Coast of North America generally at least in the Late Miocene to Early contains a mixture of Asian elements Pliocene. such as Swiftopecten, lv/izuhopecten, Yabe In 1967 MACNEIL stated that most of pecten, Fortipecten and others (MASUDA molluscan stock in North America has and ADDICOTT, 1970, MASUDA, 1971), the older representatives in japan and they survivors of Miocene pectinids such as in turn are immigrants from East Asia. Pecten, Argopecten, Lyropecten, Aequi However, as far as now known, it is pecten and endemic genera such as evident that the Amussiopecten group Patinopecten and Lituyapecten. But in and others such as Amusium, Argopecten. the southern West Coast of North Lyropecten, ilequipecten, etc. have moved America, East Coast of North America, from the West Indies to North America. and West Indies, the pectinid faunas Therefore, it can be considered that the differ greatly from those in the northern older stocks of Oligocene to Miocene West Coast since the Late Miocene. In pectinids in North America should have the southern West Coast the Pliocene been present in the Tethys Sea. Of pectinid fauna reveals a quite different course, it is evident that Amu ssiopect en :1spect from those of northern part: in North and South America did not these faunal provinces indicate geogra come from East Asia. phic differentiation. These facts can be Furthermore, from the view point of explained by changes of oceanographic morphological characteristics of Amussio conditions as a result of paleogeographi pecten it can be stated that the older cal changes in North and South America the geological age, the smaller the shell. 220 Koichiro MASUDA Thus, the latest species of Amussiopecten, Surv. Prof. Paper 47, pp. 7-146, pis. 1- A. praesignis from the Early Pliocene of 53, 1 text-fig. Japan, has the largest shell (max. about --, (1907) : New and characteristic species. 140 mm in length) ; but the Oligocene of fossil mollusks from the oil-bearing Tertiary formations of Santa Barbara species are always smaller (max. about County, California. Smiths. Misc. Coli., 70 mm in length in A. woodringi), and Vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 419-447, pis. 50-58. moreover, the Miocene species are --, and ANDERSON, R., (1907) : Geology medium in size (max. 125 mm in length and oil resources of the Santa Maria in A. vanvlecki). Therefore, it seems district, California. U.S. Ceo/. Surv., quite possible and reasonable to deter Bull., 322, pp. 1-161., pis. 12-16. mine the geological age of Amussiopecten BREMNER, C.S.J., (1932): Geology of Santa bearing formations and to correlate Cruz Island, Santa Barbara County, geographically isolated geological for California. Santa Barbara Mus. Nat mations based upon the morphological His/., Occ. Papers, No. 1, pp. 5-33, pis. characteristics of this genus. 1-4. The life history of Amussiopecten is BROWN, A.P., (1913) : Notes on the geology of the Island of Antigua. Proc. Acad. unknown but judging from morphological Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, pp. 584-616, pls_ characters such as auricular crura which 18-20. terminate distally in a very conspicuous, --, and PILSBRY, H.A., (1911) : Fauna of rounded, oblong denticle at each extremity the Gatun Formation, Isthmus of Panama_ of the hinge; the circular, equilateral, Ibid., Vol. 63, pp. 336-374, pls. 22-29, 3 compressed, rather polished, thin shell, text-figs. and characteristic paired internal ribs, CHANG, L., (1967) : Tertiary Biostratigraphy it appears that Amussiopecten may have of Taiwan and its Correlation. Tertiary been adapted for active swimming habits. Correlation and Climatic Changes in the Moreover, judging from the occurrences Pacific. 11th Pacific Sci. Congr., Tokyo, of Amussiopecten,-they are usually found 1966, pp. 57-65, 1 text-fig. 1 table. in rather well sorted, very coarse to CooKE, C.W., (1919): Tertiary mollusks from the Leeward Islands and Cuba. medium-grained sandstone or impure Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub!., 291, pp. limestone-, it is considered that the life 103-156, pis. 1-16. environment of Amussiopecten may have --, GARDNER, J., and WooDRI:'\G, W.P., been influenced by rather strong currents (1943) : Correlation of the Cenozoic for on shallow sea bottoms. mations of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain and the Caribbean region. Ceo[. References Soc. Amer., Bull., Vol. 54, pp. 1713-1722, 1 pl. AccoRD!, B., (1955): Stratigrafia e Palaeon· CossMAK, M., and PEYROT, A., (1914) : Con tologia delle Formationi Oligo-Mioceni chologie Neogenique de I•Aquitaine. che del Trevigiano Orientale. Mem. Tome II, Pelecypodes. Act. Soc. Linn. Jnst. Ceo/. Mineral., Univ. Padova, Vol. Bordeaux, pp. 1-496, pl. 1-26. 19, pp. 3-64, tav. 1-5. Cox, L.R., (1927) : Neogene and Quaternary AKIYAMA, M., (1957): Amussiopecten iitomi Mollusca from the Zanzibar Protectorate, ensis (OTt:KA) and its allies from Japan. in DAVIES, A.M., Cox, L.R., STOCKLEY, Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., G.M., STUBBLEFIELD, C.J., and WHITE, No. 25, pp. 31-39, pis. 6-7, 2 text-figs. E.I., Report on the Palaeontology of the AR='IOLD, R., (1906) : Tertiary and Quater Zanzibar Protectorate. pp. 13-102, pls. 3-9. nary Pectens of California. U.S. Ceo/. --, (1929) : Notes on the Post-Miocene 589. A1nussiopecten 221 Ostreidae and Pectinidae of the Red Sea Ibid., Tom. 19, fasc. 1, pp. 139-168, pis. region, with remarks on the geological 18-23, text-figs. 61-71. significance of their distribution. Proc. -- and --, (1928) : Monographie des Malacol. Soc. London, Vol. 18, pp. 165-209, Pectinides neogenes de !'Europe et des pis. 11-13. regions voisines. II. Genre Flabellipecten. --, (1936) : Fossil Mollusca from Southern Ibid., N.S., Tom. 4, fasc. 4, pp. 169-194,. Persia (Iran) and Bahrein Island. Mem. pis. 26-28, text-figs. 1-10. Geol. Surv. India, Palaeont. Indica, N.S., DouGLAs, J.A., (1928) : Contributions to Vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 1-69, pis. 1-8. Persian Palaeontology III. pp. 1-19, pis. --, (1939) : Miocene, Pliocene and post 8-15. Pliocene Mollusca from Mozambique. Dt:RHA~I, J.W., (1961) : Paleogeographic Dol. Serv. Indus!. Mineral. Geol. Mozam conclusions in light of biological Data. bique, No.3, pp. 21-106, pl. 1-2, 1 text-fig. Pacific Basin Biogeography. 1Oth Pacific --, (1942) : Neogene aspect of Vaqueros Sci. Congr., pp. 355-365, 4 text-figs. mollusks, in ScHEI\CK, H.G., and CHILDS, EA~IES, F.E., and Cox, L.R., (1956) : Some T.S., Jr., Significance of Lepidocyclina Tertiary Pectinidae from East Africa, (Lepidocyclina) californica, new species, Persia and the Mediterranean Region. in the Vaqueros Formation (Tertiary), Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, Vol. 32, pp. California. Stanford Univ. Publ., Geol. 1-68, pis. 1-20. Sci., Vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 34-35. ELDRIDGE, G.H., and ARNOLD, R., (1907) : CsEPREGHY-MEZ:'\ERICs, J., (1960) : Pecti· The Santa Clara Valley, Puente Hills, nides du Neogene de Ia Hongrie et leur and Los Angeles Oil Districts, Southern Importance Biostratigraphique. Mem. California. U.S. Geol. Surv., Bull., 309, Soc. Geol. France, N.S., 92, pp. 5-56, pis. pp. 1-266, pis. 1-41, 17 text-figs. 1-35, 1 text-fig., 3 tables. GRANT, U.S., IV, and GALE, H.R., (1931) : --, (1964) : L'Evolution de certains Pecti Catalogue of the marine Pliocene and nides Neogenes, Ia question du "Chattien" Pleistocene Mollusca of California. Mem. et Ia limite Oligo-Miocene. Inst. Lucas San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 1, pp. 1-1036, Mallada, C.S. I.C. (Espana). Cursillos Y pis. 1-32, text-figs. l-Ei. Conferencias, IX, pp. 33-50. HARRIS, G.D., (1926) : Notes on the Pale CTYROKY, P., (1969) : The Family Pectinidae ontology, in vVARING, G.A., The Geology in the Burdigalian of Czechoslovakia. of the Island of Trinidad, B.W.I. johns Sbor. Geol. Ved. Paleont., 10, pp. 7-66, Hopkins Univ. Stud. Geol., No. 7, pp. 87- pis. 1-20, 12 text-figs. 112, pis. 16-20. DALL, W.H., (1898) : Contl"ibutions to the --, (1951) : Preliminary Notes on Ocala Tertiary Fauna of Florida with special Bivalves. Bull. Amer. Paleont., Vol. 33, reference to the Silex Beds of Tampa no. 138, pp. 223-272, pis. 1-13. and the Pliocene beds of the Caloosa HERTLEIN, L.G., (1925) : New species of hatchie River. Trans. Wagne1· Free Inst. marine Mollusca from western North Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 571- America. Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci., 947, pis. 26-37. Vol. 24, pt. 2, pp. 39-46, pis. 3-4. DEPERET, Ch., and Ro~IA:'\, F., (1910): Mono --, (1969) : Family Pectinidae, in Treatise graphie des Pectinides neogenes de on Invertebrate Paleontology. (N) !'Europe et des regions voisines. II. Genre Mollusca 6 (1 of 3), Geol. Soc. Amer., Flabellipecten. lVJem. Soc. Geol. France, Univ. Kansas, N348-373, figs. C72-C94. Paleontologie. Tom. 18, fasc. 2, pp. 105- HoDSON, F., HoDsON, H.K., and HARRis, 139, pis. 8-13, text-figs. 44-60. G.D., (1927) : Some Venezuelan and -- and --, (1912) : Monographies des Caribbean mollusks. Bull. Amer. Paleont., Pectinides neogenes de !•Europe et des Vol. 13, no. 49, pp. 1-160, pis. 1-40. regions voisines. II. Genre Flabellipecten. LoEL, W., and CoRr::Y, W.H., (1932) : The 222 Koichiro MASUDA Vaqueros Formation, Lower Miocene of 5, pp. 139-193, 9 text-figs., 9 tables. California. I. Paleontology. Univ. Calif. --, (1971) : On some Patinopecten from Pub!., Bull. Dept. Geol. Sci., Vol. 22, no. North America. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. 3, pp. 31-410, pis. 4-65, 2 maps. Soc. japan, N.S., No. 83, pp. 166-178, pis. MACNEIL, F.S., (1961) : Lituyapecten (New 19-21, 2 text-figs. Subgenus of Patinopecten) from Alaska --, and ADDICOTT, W.O., (1970) : On and California. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pecten (Amusium) condoni HERTLEIN Paper 354-J, pp. 225-239, pis. 35-46. from the West Coast of North America. --, (1967) : Cenozoic pectinids of Alaska, The Velige1·, Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 153-156, Lceland, and other northern regions. 1 pl. Ibid., 553, pp. 1-57, pis. 1-25. No\Il"RA, S., (1933) : Catalogue of the MA"SFIELD, W.C., (1936) : Stratigraphic Tertiary and Quaternary l\'Ioll usca of Significance of Miocene, Pliocene and Taiwan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. Univ., Pleistocene Pectinidae in the Southeastern Ser. 2 (Ceo!.), Vol. 16, pp. 1-108, pis. 1-4. United States. jour. Paleont., Vol. 10, OLssoN, A.A., (1922) : The Miocene of no. 3, pp. 168-192, pis. 22-23, 1 text-fig., 1 Northern Costa Rica with notes on its table. general stratigraphic relations. Bull. MARTIN, K., (1909) : Die Fossilen von Java. Amer, Paleont., Vol. 9, no. 39, pp. 1-288, Lamellibranchiata. Samml. Geol. Reichs pls. 1-32. Mus. Leiden. N.F., 1, pp. 333-386, pis. OTUKA, Y., (1934) : On some fossils from 46-54. the northern foot of Mount Minobu and MASUDA, K., (1962a) : Tertiary Pectinidae from the Hayakawa Tuffite of Hakone. of Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. Geol. Soc. japan, jour., Vol. 41, no. 492. 2 (Ceo!.), Vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 117-238, pp. 562-368, 1 text-fig. pls. 18-27, text-figs. 1-11.. PIIILIPPI, E., (1900) : Beitrage zur Morpho --, (1962b) : Notes on the Tertiary Pecti logie unci Phylogenie der Lamellibran nidae of Japan. Ibid., Special Vol. No. chier, II. Zur Stammesgeschichte der Explanation of Plate 25 (Natural size) Figs. la-b, 2, 3, 4. Amussiopecten vanvlecki (ARNOLD). 1a, right valve. 1b, left valve. U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coli. No. 646495. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. M2418; about 1.5 miles north of Santa Barbara Canyon Ranch, Fox Mountain Quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California. Saltos Shale Member of Monterey Shale. Middle Miocene. 2, hinge area of right valve. U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coli. ~o. 646498. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. M2417; about 1..3 miles southwest of the Drill hole near Big Pine Road in Santa Barbara Canyon, Fox Mountain Quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California. Branch Canyon Formation. Middle Miocene. 3, left valve. U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coli. No. 646496. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. M2458; about 1.4 miles southwest of Willow Campground in Santa Barbara Canyon, Fox Mountain Quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California. Branch Canyon Formation. Middle Miocene. 4, plaster cast of right valve. U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coli. No. 646497. Loc. : U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. M3044; about 0.8 miles west of the Spring in Alamo Canyon, Fox Mountain Quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California. Branch Canyon Formation. Middle Miocene. Figs. 5a-c. Amussiopecten sp. a, right valve. b, left valve. c, upper view of 5a. Loc. : Calif. Acad. Sci., Loc. No. 41035; Tuxpan, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Tuxpan Formation. Early Miocene. MASUDA · Amussiopecten Plate 25 589. Amussiopecten 223 Pectiniden. Zeitsch. Deutsch. Ceo!. UGOLINI, R., (1907): Monografta dei Pettinidi Cese!!., Bd. 52, pp. 64-117, 24 text-figs. Neogenici della Sardegna. Parte Sconda. RoGER, ]., (1939): Le Genre Chlamys dans Generi: Amussium, Amussiopecten. Pala Ies Formations Neogene de L'Europe. eontgr. Italica, Vol. 13, pp. 233-242, 1 pl. Mem. Soc. Ceo!. France, pp. 5-294, pis. --, (1908) : Monografia dei Pettinidi Neo 1-35, 113 text-fig. genici della Sardegna. Part Terza ed SAcco, D.F., (1897) : I Molluschi dei Terreni Ultima. Generi: Amussiopecten (cont.), Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Flabe!lipecten, Pecten. Ibid., Vol. 14, pp. Part XXIV (Pectinidae). Torino, pp. 3- 191-224, pis. 22-25. 116, pis. 1-21. VEDDEil, ].G., (1968): Geologic map of Fox SCHAFFER, F.X., (1.910) : Das Miocan von Mountain Quadrangle, Santa Barbara Eggenberg. I. Die Fauna. Abhandl. County, California. U.S. Ceo!. Surv. d.k.k. Ceo!. Reichsanstalt, 22, Bd. I. pp. VEIGA, 0., (1954) : Pectinideos do Miocenico 1.-126, taf. 1-48, 12 text-tigs. do Vale do Sado e da Serra da Arra.bida, SHuTo, T., (1955) : Amussiopecten from the Comun. Serv. Ceo!. Portugal, Tom. 35, Miyazaki Group, Miyazaki Prefecture, pp. 155-186, 8 pis. Japan (Paleontological study of the WEAVE!<, C.E., et a!. (1944): Correlation of Tertiary Miyazaki Group). Trans. Proc. the marine Cenozoic formations of Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., No. 20, pp. western North America. Ceo!. Soc. 101-110, pis. 16-17, 4 text-figs. Amer., Bull., Vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 569-598, TELEGD·ROTH, K., (1914) : Eine Oberoligo 1 chart. ziine Fauna aus Ungarn. Ceo!. Hungarica, WHITMORE, F.C., Jr., and STE\YART, R.H., Tom. 1, fasc. 1, pp. 5-77, pis. 1-6. (1965) : Miocene mammals and Central ToULA, F., (1908) : Eine jungtertiiire Fauna American seaways. Sci., Vol. 148, pp. von Gatun am Panama Kana!. jahrb. 180-185, 2 text-figs. Ceo!. Reichsanstalt, Bd. 58, pp. 673-760, WooDRI" Explanation of Plate 26 (Nat ural size) Figs. la-b. Amussiopecten harrisi MASUDA, n. sp. Holotype, U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coli. No. 646476. a, right valve. b, left valve. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. 19780, San Sebastian Quadrangle, Puerto Rico. San Sebastian Formation. Late Oligocene. Figs. 2a-b, 3a-b. Amussiopecten woodringi MASUDA, n. sp. 2a, right valve. 2b, left valve. Holotype, U.S. Nat!. Mus., Coil. No. 646474. 3a, right valve. 3b, left valve. Paratype, U.S. Nat!. Mus., No. 646475. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. 19775, Central La Plata, Puerto Rico. Lares Limestone. Late Oligocene. Figs. 4, 5. Amussiopecten antiguensis (BROWN). 4, right valve. 5, left valve. Topotype, U.S. Nat!. Mus., Col!. No. 167136. Loc. :-Hodges Bay, Antigua Island, West Indies. Antigua Limestone. Late Oligocene. Figs. 6, 7. Amussiopecten churuguarensis (F. and H. HoDsoN). Right valve, U.S. Nat!. Mus., Col!. No. 646477. Loc. :-U.S. Geol. Surv., Loc. No. 17253, Maca Quadrangle, Puerto Rico. San Sebastian Formation. Late Oligocene. MASUDA: Amussiopecten Plate 26 Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 84, pp. 225-242, pis. 27, 28, December 30, 1871 590. UPPER CRETACEOUS GLYCYMERIDS IN JAPAN MASA YUKI TASHIRO Shokey Highschool in Kumamoto FJ:;$:0)l:~4lSilli*ii:?' !I-'\'-) !I 7-.IC"'?It''L: ;:;h,i;"CICilcif;X~h'"C ~t.::;$:'f!lE3:!lE*i.lEO) Glycymeris ~*Mf51"~~a~:i'l.!hjJ: IJ ~~ftiL., 4 Illi~ 9 f.]~~itl))l) Lt.:o Hanaia !lli~l"lr~~ S!lli*-J:iflls!lli*IC !j;f~~ "C Introduction and ackowledgments observed some glycymerids from Miyako, Hokkaido and California at the Depart The family Glycymerididae is a well ment of Geology of the Kyushu Uni known marine bivalve family which versity (GKH). As a result of this study ·commonly occurs from the Lower Cre the Upper Cretaceous Glycymeris in Japan taceous to Recent. The Cretaceous is classified into four subgenera, Gly ·species have been described by many cymeris (s. str.), Glycymerita FINLAY and :authors from the several localities in MARWICK, Hanaia HAY AMI and Pseudove japan: Y ABE and NAGAO (1928) and letuceta. new subgenus. Hanaia is the NAGAO (1932) in Hokkaido, NAGAO (1934) oldest subgenus in Glycymeris and the :and SAITO (1962) in Honshu, NAGAO other three subgenera may be derivatives (1930) and AMANO (1956, 1957) in Kyushu of Hanaia. Glycymerita was prosperous and ICHIKAWA and MAEDA (1958) in in the late Cretaceous in Japan. Japanese Shikoku. Recently HAY AMI (1965) es Upper Cretaceous glycymerids are listed tablished a subgenus Hanaia based upon below: Glycymeris densilineata NAGAO and added Glycymeris (Glycymeris) amalzusensis Glycymeris (Glycymerita ?) haipensis as a NAGAO new species from the Miyako group. Glycymeris (Glycymerita) japonica TA As I discovered many interesting facts SHIRO, new species .Qn morphological changes of glycymerids Glycymeris (Glycymerita) himenourensis through ages during my Upper Cre TASHIRO, new species taceous fossil hunting in Kyushu, I Glycymeris (Glycymerita) multicostata iurther visited several localities of Upper NAGAO Cretaceous glycymerids in Japan. I also Glycymeris (Hanaia) salida NAGAO Received October 7, 1970; read November Glycymeris (Hanaia) matsumotoi TA 29, 1969 at Kagoshima. SHIRO, new species 225 226 Masayuki TASHIRO Glycymeris (Hanaia) lwtsurazawensis glycymerids (FRE!\EIX, 1959; NICOL. 1945,. TASHIRO, new species 1950; HAY AMI, 1965). Recently NEWELL Glycymeris (Hanaia) hokkaidoensis (1969) in Treatise on Invertebrate Pale (YABE and NAGAO) ontology summarized above mentioned Glycymeris (Pseudoveletuceta) mifun works except for FRENEIX's. I agree ensis TASHIRO, new subgenus, new with NEWELL's general classification of species glycymerids. It seems. however, neces Limopsis kogata (ICHIKAWA and MAEDA) sary for me to study further on the Cretaceous glycymerid taxonomy. Vele Before proceeding further I wish to tuceta IREDALE is treated as a synonym express my sincere thanks to Emeritus of Glycymeris by NEWELL (1969). Al Prof. T. KOBA Y ASH! of the University though the discrimination between of Tokyo for his reading the manuscript V eletuceta and Glycymeris is difficult. and for criticism. I am also much in the Veletuceta group is distinct for its. debted to Dr. M. TAMURA of the Kuma shape and prosperous in Upper Cretace moto University for his kind guidance ous and Palaeogene ages. The umbo of and reading the manuscript. I thank Veletuceta is prosodetic and its beak is. Prof. T. MATSUMOTO and Dr. I. HAYA prosogyrate or orthogyrate. The umbo MI of the Kyushu University for their of Glycymeris, on the other hand, is. continuing encouragement and supply orthodetic or opisthodetic and its beak of glycymerid specimens. I am also is opisthogyrate. For the reasons. grateful to Prof. M. AMANO of the mentioned above, I wish to leave Vele Kumamoto University, Prof. K. ICHIKAWA tuceta as a valid group, if not as a sub of the Osaka City University, Dr. K. genus. I have an opinion that recent MASUDA of the Miyagi University of Glycymeris may be a derivative of the I. Education and Dr. OBATA of the Cretaceous or Tertiary Veletuceta. National Science Museum of Tokyo for their kind help to my study. Glycymeris (Glycymeris) The specimens here treated as KE are kept in the Faculty of Education, amakusensis NAGAO Kumamoto University. Plate 27, figs. 1-16, Text-figs. 1, 2 1930. Glycymeris amakusensis NAGAO, ]OUI". Systematic descriptions Fa c. Sci., Hokkaido Imp. Univ., Ser. 4, Family Glycymerididae NEWTON, 1922 Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 15, pl. 2, figs. 4-7. 1957. Glycymeris sp., AMAKO, Kumamoto jour. Subfamily Glycymeridinae Sci., Sect. 1, Vol. 2, No. 2 p. 55, pl. 1,. NEWTON, 1922 fig. 22. 1962. Glycymeris multicostata, SAITO, Bull. Genus Glycymeris DA COSTA, 1778 Fac. Arts and Sci., Ibaraki Univ., Nat. Sci., No. 13, pp. 62, 63, pl. 1, figs. 2, 3 .. Type-species :-Area orbicularis DA COSTA, 1778, (Area glycynzeris LINNE, Observation and Remarks:-The spe 1758). cific name of amakusensis has been used for the Upper Cretaceous glycymerids of Subgenus Glycymeris DA COSTA, 1778 Japan. I collected about 300 specimens. Several reports have been issued on from many localities of the Himenoura taxonomy of the Upper Cretaceous group in Kyushu and the Futaba group· 590. C1·etaceous Glycynw1·ids 227 in F ukushima Pref. to confirm its shape. thick in test of shell. The radial ribs The result of measurement is shown in in these specimens are more elevated Text-fig. 1. The number of ventral than in thin-shelled or younger speci crenules (see Text-fig. 1, abbrev. C) is mens. Consequently growth lines make about 25. The surface is ornamented such crenulated appearance as described with numerous fiat-topped radial ribs, by NAGAO (1930). In mature stage two each of which is a bundle of 7 or 8 fairly distinct patterns of shape are threads. The interspace between ever y observable as shown in Text-fig. 2. As two ribs is very narrow. Generally f ully the intermediate fo rms are present, matured specimens exceeding about 20 these two g roups can not be distinguished mm. in length and the specimens from specifically. UEDA and FURUK AWA (1959) the sandstone at Locs. 14, 15 and 16 are discriminated 3 varieties of the species H mm 3 0 T 2 0 2 0 mm . Loc • 13 + Loc. 11 x Loc. 12 . Loc • 14 . Loc • 15 0 Loc. 3 l 0 1 0 l 0 2 0 3 0 mm L Text-fi g . 1. Scatter diagrams of Heig ht against Length, and Thickness against Length of Glycymeris (s. str. ) amallllsensis NAGAO (KE1799- KE1853) . H: He ight, L: Length, T: Thick ness, C: Number of vent ral crenules, © : Glycymeris (Glycymerila) himenourensis T AS I-IIRO, n. sp. from Loc. 13 (for comparison). Positions of measurements a r e a lso shown. 228 Nfasay~~ki TASHIRO 10m m c Text-fig. 2. Glycymeris (G!ycymeris) amakusensis N AGAO, A: Subt riangular form, B: Ligamenta! view of adult specimen, C: Subquadrate form. with no description. The umbonal and approximately eq ual to each other, median part of an immature valve is posterior margin slig htly sinuous, ob dark and other part encircling the above liquely truncated, ventral margin broadly mentioned part is yello\:vish co lored. arched and graduall y changing into T his dark part fades awa y in mature anterior margin; umbo large, prominent, form. Some specimens (Pl. 27, fig. 5) and located almost medially ; beak show concentric color pattern as ob orthogyrous, incurved and situated servable in some individuals of the slightly posterior to middle of dorsal recent species. margin; both sides of umbo remarkably Occunence :- Locs. 1, 11-16. shouldered and strongly depressed; surface ornamented with stout and flat Subgenus Glycymerita FINLAY topped radial ribs; ligament area narrow, triangular, provided with several chev and MARWICK, 1937 rons ; hinge plate slightly arched, very TyjJe- sjJecies :-Gly cymeri s concava long about four-fifths of length; about MARSHALL, 1917. 24 teeth symmetrically disposed, long This subgenus is chracterized as and subhorizontal on both lateral sides, follows: 1) The shell is subquadrate and short and diagonal below beak; inner well inflated ; 2) the umbo is big and margin with crenules about 20 irr number. prominent; 3) both sides of the umbo are strongly depressed and remarkably shouldered; 4) the hinge plate is long and stout ; 5) the teeth on both lateral sides are long and extend horizontally; 6) the radial ribs on the external surface are strong and the radial threads are weak or invisible. Glycyme1-is (Glycymerita) japonica TASHIRO, new species Plate 27, figs. 17-22, Text-fig. 3 Text-fig. 3. G!ycym eris (Glycymerita) japonica T ASH IRO, new species. Description :- Shell small, well inflated, subquadrate in outline, height and length .590. Cretaceous Glycymerids 229 Jvfeasurements (in mm.) :- G. (Glycymerita) japonica Specimen Length Height KE 1786 Right internal mould 27.0 25.0 Holotype KE 1787 Left internal mould 22.0 22.2 Para type KE 1788 Left internal mould 22. 5 22. 4 Ditto KE 1789 Left internal mould 21. 0 18.5 Ditto KE 1790 Right internal mould 25.5 25.5 Ditto Observation and Remarks :-In this species the ratio of thickness/length of Clycymeris (Clycymerita) himenouren sis shell is about 0.8. The crenulation of TASHIRO, new species the inner margin is frequently effaced near both lateral sides. The threads on Plate 27, figs. 23-27, Text-fig. 4 the radial ribs are almost invisible or very delicate. The width of flat-topped Description :-Shell very small for radial ribs is nearly equal to the width Clycymerita, orbicularly subquadrate, of the inters paces in ventral side of adult higher than long, anterior and posterior specimens. The width of interspaces in margins obliquely truncated and the umbonal part of immature specimens, shouldered at junctions with antero- and however, is very narrow. postero-dorsal margins; ventral margin Comparison :-This species is similar rounded; both sides of umbo depressed; to the typical Clycymerita in general umbo moderately large, prominent, features except for its small size and located almost at mid-length; surface narrow ligament area. Clycymeris (Cly ornamented with numerous and flat cymerita) veatchii (GABB) from the Chico topped radial ribs which are broader group in California (Pl. 27, Fig. 33) is than their interspaces; ligament area more inflated than this species and the triangular, narrow, provided with radial ribs of veatchii are stronger than several chevrons; hinge plate long, those in the present species. C. apletos moderately arched ; teeth symmetrically DAlLA Y and POPENOE (1964) from the disposed, short and diagonally bifur Jalama formation in California is some cated below beak, long and subhorizontal what akin to this species in its sub in both sides of hinge plate; inner quadrate and well inflated shell. C. ventral margin densely crenurated (about ap!etos, however, differs from this 30). species in the large shell and conspicu Obserualion and Remarlls :-The umbo ously incurved beak. C. apletos may be nal part of this species is black and .a member of subgenus Clycymerita. shows the similar color pattern observed Occurrence :-Locs. 17 and 18. in the immature stage of Clycymeris (s. 1\feasurements (in mm.) :- G. (Glycymerita) himenourensis Specimen Length Height Thickness KE 1779 Left valve 13.0 14.2 4.0 Holotype KE 1780 Left valve 12.3 17.5 6.0 Para type KE 1781 Left valve 7.0 7. 7 2.0 Ditto. KE 1782 Right valve 10. 7 11.2 7.5 Ditto . .KE 1784 Left valve 13.8 15.2 7.8 Ditto. 230 Masayuki T ASH!RO B Locality Maps D 0 2 km D X 9 0 20km X X7 SHiSHI -ISLAND 8 590. Cretaceous Glycyme1·ids 231 Table 1. Fossil localities. Mikasa sandstone A -- ~------Loc. 1 Turon. s.s. About 500 m south of the Katsurazawa-dam, Ikushunbetsu, Hokkaido. Loc- 19* The coast of the waterway near the Katsura zawa-dam, Ditto. Upper Yezo Group B Loc. 2 Santon. s.s. The Sakainosawa river, Kyowa, Teshio prov., Hokkaido. Loc. 20** The Gakkonosawa river, Nakagawa-machi, Teshio prov ., Ditto. Futaba Group c Loc. 3 Coniac. silt s. The Sakuradani river, Hirano-machi, Futaba Co. Fukushima Pref. Goshonoura Group D Loc. 4 Up. Alb. s.s. Enokuchi, Goshonoura-machi, Amakusa Co. Kumamoto Pref. Loc. 5 L.L. Cenoman. s.s. Karakizaki, Ditto. Loc. 6 Shirahama, the Shishi-islancl, Izumi Co. Kagoshima Pref. Miyaji formation D Loc. 7 Up. Alb.? s.s. Tani, Miyaji-machi, Yatsushiro city, Kumamoto Pref. Loc. 8 * Naraki, Koda-machi, Ditto. Mifune Group D Loc. 9 Turon. sh. Asanovabu, Mifune-machi, Kamimashiki Co. Kumamoto Pref. Nishiyama, Katashida-machi, Shimomashiki Co. Loc. 10__ 1 Himenoura Group D Loc. 11 Santon. sh. Okoshiki, Oda-machi, Uto city, Komamoto Pref. Loc. 12 Wadanohana, Takado-machi, Amakusa Co., Ditto. Loc. 13 The Kugu-island, Takaclo-machi, Ditto. Loc. 14 s.s. Karakizaki, Goshonoura-machi, Ditto. Loc. 15 The Mayu-island, Ditto. Loc. 16 Oe, Amakusa-machi, Ditto. Loc. 17 Cam pan. Hongo, Kawaura-machi, Ditto. Loc. 18 I Kamihira, Ditto. *Loc. 19: IK 981 of Kyushu Univ. **Loc. 20: by HA.Yc\\11 of Kyushu Uni\-. 232 Masny~iki T ASHIRO present species in having the orbicular outline and the smaller number of the radial ribs on the surface. Oc currence :- Loc. 13. Clycymeris (Clycyme1·ita ) multicostata NAGAO P late 27, figs . 28- 32 1932. C!ycymeris hoklwidoens1:s var. mu!ti costa.ta. NAGAO, j our. Fac. Sci., Ho!?!wido Text -fi g . 4. C!ycymeris (C!ycymerita) I mp. Univ., Ser. 4 , Vol. 2, p. 34, pl. 5, himenou rensis T AS I-II R O, ne w s pecies. figs. 10, 11. str.) amalcusensis. The number of Ob ser vation and R emarks :- On some chevrons at the ligament area changes adult specimens the surface ornament through g rowth and they are about 6 ation is worn away but the subinternal in the adult stage. ar.d elevated radial ridg es can be seen. Comparison :- This species is dis The number of the chevrons in ligament ting uished from Clycymeris (Clycymerita) area is about 8 in the adult stage. The japonica from the upper formation of immature specimen is very similar to the same group by the high and smaller the subtriang uler form of Clycymeris shell. C. umbonatus (SOWERBY) from the (s. str.) ama/zusensis in its outline, ex Greensand at Blackdown in England is ternal ornamentation and the structure somewhat akin to this species in the well of the hinge plate. The variegated inflated and high shell. C. umbonalus color patterns appear on the umbonal differs from this species in its small surface of an immature shell. The umbo and its asymmetrical hinge plate. species is characterized by its orb-icul C. wnbonatus is probably a member of arly subquadrate and vvell inflated shell, subgenus Han.aia. C. sachalinensis (Y A BE large and prominent umbo, elo ngated and N AGAO) (1925) is somewhat similar and stout hinge structure and flat-topped to this species in the stout ribs of the radial ribs without threads on them. surface and the large and prominent These features are chracteristics of umbo. C. sachali n.en.sis differs from the Clycymerita. M easurements (in mm.) :- C. (C!ycymerita) mu!ticostata Specimen Length Heig h t Thickness KE 1858 Left va lve 26.0 25. 5 9. 8 KE 1861 Left valve 25.2 25. 0 9 ·6 KE 1860 Lef t valve 24.9 24.7 9.0 KE 1863 Left val ve 23 .1 23. 0 8. 5 KE 186'1 Left val ve 20.8 19.5 6. 5 KE 1866 Right valve 15. 0 14.0 4. 2 GKH 6990 Rig h t val ve 25. 8 zs. 8 9. 5 GKH 6992 Left valve 20 . 8 19. 0 5.2 GKH 6993 Left valve 24. 0 23 . 4 9. 5 590 . . Cretaceous Glycymerids 233 Occurrence :-Locs. 2 and 19. the subgenus Hanaia. Glycymeris (Hanaia) salida NAGAO Subgenus Hanaia HAY AMI, 1965 Plate 28, figs. 1-8, Text-fig. 5 Type-species :-Glycymeris den silin eat a 1930. Glycymeris amakusensis var. solida NAGAO. NAGAO, jour. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Imp. Hanaia is characterized with round Univ., Ser. 4, Vol. 1, pp. 16, 17, pl. 2, topped radial ribs which are composed figs. 13 and 14. of a bundle of fine radial threads on 1958. Glycymeris aff. amakusensis, AMA:--:o, surface as already stated by HAY AMI Dept. Geol., Fac. Sci., Kumamoto Univ. (1965). The species of Hanaia changes pp. 68, 69, pl. 1, figs. 22-25. its shape of shell through geological Observation and Remarlls:-This ages. This morphological change is species was described as a variety of shown in Text-fig. 5. This phylogeny Glycymeris amakusensis by NAGAO (1930) of Hanaia from morphological stand because of its more inflated shell and point is observed in the ontogeny of its thicker test. In this species the lower Lower Cenomanian species of G. chevrons on the ligament area are coun (H.) salida. On the basis of the mor table 6 or more at the adult stage. The phological change, it seems possible that narrow and fine radial ridges appear I can estimate the age of species of frequently on the internal surface near Hanaia. NICOL (1950) included G. mal the umbo but they are obscure on both lurensis (LEYMERIE) from the Neocomian sides and in the ventral border. Radial of Europe and G. sublaevis (SOWERBY) threads on a rib are about 8 in number. from the Aptian of England into sub Occurrence:-Locs. 4, 5 and 6. genus Glycymerita. G. haipensis HAY AMI from the Aptian of Japan was placed in Glycymeris (H anaia) matsumotoi Glycymerita ? by HA YAMI (1965). Above mentioned Lower Cretaceous glycy TASHIRO, .new species merids, however, differ from the typical Plate 28, figs. 17-21 Glycymerita in their small and pointed umbo, asymmetrical hinge structure and Description :-Shell small, asymmetri the distinct radial threads on the ribs cally subquadrate, longer than high, of the external surface. It seems for well inflated; anterior margin rounded me that these species may belong to and passing gradually into arcuate Measurements (in mm.) :- G. (Hanaia) solida Specimen Length Height KE 1760 Left internal mould 28.5 25.0 KE 1765 Left internal mould 27.0 23.2 KE 1761 Left internal mould 23.5 21.1 KE 1762 Left internal mould 23.1 18.0 KE 1768 Left internal mould 18.0 17.0 KE 1767 Left internal mould 16.0 14.3 KE 1763 Left internal mould 13.0 12.9 234 Mas a yuki T ASH! RO 10 mm Text-fig . 5. Growth and geological changes of subgenus Hanaia. 1- 5, The morpholog ical change t hrough growth of Clycymeris (Ha.naia ) so/ida. NAGAO (Lower Cenomanian). A- E, Adult shells of different species in successive geological ages showing t he m orphological cha nge. A: C. (H. ) ha.ipensis HAY AM I, (Aptian) (after HAY AM I, 1965) . B: C. (H.) sublaevis (SOWERBY), (A ptian) (after W OOD S, 1877- 1913). C : C. (H.) densilinea.ta N AGAO (Albio-Aptian), (after HAY AMI, 1965). D: C. (H.) matsurnotoi T AS HIR O, n. sp. (Albian?) . E: C. (H.) kat su ra.za. we nsis T AS HI RO, n. sp. (Turonian). -ventral marg in; posterior margin obli many as about 25 ; growth lines on ·quely subtruncated; umbo small, situated surface weak. fairly posterior to mid-point of length, Obs e1'vation and R emar!?s :- MATSU beak orthogyrous, situated posterior to MOTO (1953) listed Glycymeris elongata the mid-point of dorsal margin; surface (MS) from the Loc. 8. The mor]:.>ho ornamented with numerous round-topped logical change throug h growth is ob radial ribs each of which is a bundle of servable in this species as seen in C. 7 or so threads; ligament area narrow, (H.) solida except for its last stage (Text provided with several chevrons; hinge fig. 5- 5). The n umber of ligament plate asymmetrical, subhorizontal in chevrons is about 5. .anterior half but oblique in posterior Comparison :- This species is dis half; teeth subvertical and small below tinguishable from C. (H.) densilineata by umbo, stout and weakly hooked in both the more abundant crenules on the inner lateral areas on the hinge plate; inner ventral marg in and the elongate outline. ventral margin moderatly crenulated as G. (H.) haipensis is similar to this species ;v!easurements (in mm.) :- c. (Ha.naia) matsumotoi Specimen Length Hei ght T hi ckness KE 1869 Right external mou ld 12 . 4 11. 0 3.8 Holotype KE 1870 Right internal mould 10. 5 9.9 Paratype KE 1871 Left internal mould 10.8 9.2 Ditto. KE 1872 Left external mould 10. 0 9.0 3.0 Ditto. KE 1873 Left internal mould 13.2 12 . 5 Ditto. .590. Cretaceous Glycymerids 235 in the asymmetrical hinge plate and the crenulated and 22 or so in number; upper asymmetrically subquadrate outline. In margin of hinge plate close to dorsal G. (H.) haipensis the hinge teeth are, margin of valve. however, more stout and more primitive Obseruation and Remarks:-The umbo than in this species. nal part of this species resembles closely Occurrence :-Locs. 7 and 8. shell characters of G. (H.) densilineata. Consequently it seems for me that this species was derived from G. (H.) densi Glycymeris (Hanaia) katsurazawensis lineata. This species represents the last TASHIRO, new species stage of morphological change of sub Plate 25, figs. 9-15 genus Hanaia. Comparison :-This species is dis Description :-Shell large for Hanaia, tinguished from G. (H.) ho!?i J\1easurements (in mm.) :- G. (Hanaia) katsurazawensis Specimens Length Height Thickness KE 1854 Left valve 24.0 24.8 9.8 Holotype KE 1855 Left valve 25.0 26.7 10.6 Para type KE 1856 Left valve 23.5 26.0 10.0 Ditto GKH 6980 Left valve 25.8 25.9 9.5 Ditto GKH 6981 Left valve 24.0 24.0 8.0 Ditto GKH 6982 Right valve 21.0 21. 1 Ditto G. (Hanaia) hokkaidoensis Specimen Length Height Thickness GKH 6984a Right valve 24. 5 23. 5 8.6 GKH 6984b Left valve 25.0 24.0 9.0 236 Masayt~ki TASHIRO this species are similar to those in C. fine radial threads forming no bundle; (H.) lwtsurazawensis except for the Pectunculina D'ORB IG NY is similar to number of threads (about 7 in this this subgenus in its prosogyrous umbo, species). C. (H.) matsumotoi is similar ventral crenulation and hinge structure. to this species in the outline and the Pectuncu.lina, however, has a triangular external sculpture, but differs from this ligament pit in the central part of liga species in the smaller size and numerous ment. This is of the Limopsidae_ ribs on the surface. The shape of Pro tarca STEPHENSON is similar to this middle aged stage of C. (H.) so/ida (3 and subgenus in having a prosogyrous umbo 4 in Text-fig. 5) is akin to this shape. which is not detected in other genera The surface is, however, far stouter in of the Gl ycymeridinae referred to NICOL this species than in C. (!-!.) solida. (1945) and I EWELL (1969). I include this Occurrence :- Sandstone of the Saku subgenus into Clycymeris, for it has formation at the lower reaches of the ventral crenulations, arched hinge Kotosawa, Abeshinai district, Hokkaido structure and triang uler li gament area (Loc. T -453p, by MATSUMOTO). with chevron grooves. Clycymeris (Pseu doveletuceta) mifunensis Subgenus Pseudoveletuceta T ASHIRO, new species TASHIRO, new s ubgenus Plate 28, figs. 2'1- 30, Tex t-fi g . 6 T yjJe-sjJecies :- Clycymeris (Pseudovele tuceta) mifunensis T AS HTRO, new species. Description :- Shell ver y small, longer Diagnosis :- Shell small, orbicular, than high, orbicular in outline, model more or less inflated, inequilateral ; umbo ately inflated; anterior margin rounded; small, prosogyrous, located anterior to posterior margin obliquely expanded to middle; apex of ligament-triang le an posterior; ventral marg in broadly terior to the base; ligament area with arched; umbo small and pointed, pro a few chevrons ; surface almost smooth sogyrous, located about two-fifths from except for fine radial threads; hinge front ; beak situated anteriorly; surface plate moderately arched with taxodont ornamented with numerous fine radial teeth ; inner margin densely crenulated. threads; hinge plate rather narrow, R emaTI?s :- The characteristics of this moderatly arcuated ; teeth subvertical subgenus are as follows: 1) the anterior and short below umbo, weakly hooked location of beak, 2) the prosogyrous to diagonal on both lateral sides; inner umbo vvhich is located remarkably an margin crenulated about 30 in number ; terior to the mid-length, 3) the crowded growth-lines weak. Text-fig. 6. G!y cym zris ( Pseu.doveletuceta) rmfunensis T AS HIRO, new subgenus and new species . 590. Cretaceous Glycymerids !vfeasurements (in mm.) :- G. (Pseudoveletucela) mifunensis Specimen Length Height Thickness KE 1774 Right internal mould 15.0 13.0 Holotype KE 1769 Left external mould 12.6 11. 0 3.4 Para type KE 1776 Right internal mould 16. 0 13.0 Ditto KE 1777 Right internal mould 13.5 10.0 Ditto KE 1770 Left internal mould 12.8 9.0 Ditto KE 1771 Right internal mould 7.5 6.3 Ditto Observation and Remarks:-There are Plate 28, figs. 31-34 round-topped radial ribs in immature 1958. G!ycymeris kogata ]CIIII References cited Family Limopsidae DALL, 189;) A~L\:-:o, M. (1956) : Some upper Cretaceous Genus LimojJsis SASSI. 1827 fossils from southwestern Japan (Part 1). Kumamoto Jour. Sci., Sect. 1 (Ceo/.) Vol. Type-species :-Area aurita BROCCHI. ], No. 1 pp. 63-86, pis. 1, 2. 1814. ___ (1957) : Upper Cretaceous molluscan fossils from Shimo·Koshiki·iima, Kyushu. Limopsis kogata (lCHIKA\VA Ibid., No. 2 pp. 51-75, pis. 1, 2. and MAEDA) DAILEY, D.H. and ?OPE:\OE, vV.P. (1964): 1\1easurements (in mm.) :-- Limopsis koga ta Specimen Length Height KE 1877 Left internal mould 5.0 6.0 KE 1878 Right internal mould 5.3 6.2 2:38 J]!Jasayuki T ASH! RO Explanation of Plate 27 .Clycym2r£s (Glycymeris) amakusens£s NAGAO Fig. 1. Right valve, KE 1797, x 1, Loc.: Okoshiki at Oda-machi, Uto city, Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 2. Left valve, KE 1798, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 3. Rubber cast of right valve, internal mould, KE 1813, x l, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 4. Right valve, KE 1815, x l, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 5. Immature right valve, KE 1805, x 3, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 6. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1814, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 7. Umbonal view of right valve, rubber cast of internal mould, KE 1788, x Li, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 8. Right valve, KE 1.836, x 1.5, Loc.: Wadanohana at Takado-machi, Amakusa Co. Fig. 9. Right valve, KE 1835, x 1.5, Loc.: Ditto. Figs. lOa, lOb. Lateral and dorsal views of left valve, KE 181.7, xl, Loc.: The northwest beach of Kugu island at Takado-machi. Fig. 11. Left valve, KE 1819, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 12. Left valve, KE 1.816, x 1, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 13. Left valve, KE 181.8, x 1, Loc. : Ditto. Figs. 14a, 14b- Lateral and dorsal Yiew of right valve, KE 1822, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 15. Left valve, KE 1820, x 1.5, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 16. Left internal mould, KE 1852, x 1, Loc.: The Sakuradani valley at Hirono-machi, Futaba Co. Fukushi rna Pref. -Glycymeris (Glycymerita) japonica TASHIRO, new species Fig. 17. Internal mould of right valve, KE 1786, x 1, I-Iolotype, Loc. : Hongo at Kawaura machi, Amakusa Co. Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 18. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1796, x 1, Loc. : Ditto. Figs. 19a, 1.9b. Anterior and lateral views of right valve, rubber cast of external mould, KE 1794, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 20. Rubber cast of right external mould, KE 1795, x 1, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 21. Internal mould of right valve, KE 1791, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 22. Internal mould of left valve, KE 1792, x 1, Loc.: Kamihira at Kawaura-machi, Amakusa Co . .Clycymeris (Glycymerita) himenourensis TASHIRO, new species Figs. 23a, 23b. Lateral and dorsal views of right valve, KE 1779, x 1.5, Holotype, Loc.: The north-west beach of the Kugu island at Takado-machi, Amakusa Co. Fig. 24. Immature left valve, KE 1.781, x 3, Loc.: Ditto. Figs. 25a, 25b. Lateral and dorsal views of imperfect left valve, KE 1.780, x 1.5, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 26. Umbonal view of right valve, KE 1782, x 1.5, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 27. Ligamenta! view of left valve, KE 1783, x 2, Loc.: Ditto. Glycymeris (Glycymerita) multicostata NAGAO Figs. 28a, 28b. Lateral and dorsal views of left valve, KE 1.854, x 1, Loc.: Sakainosawa, Kyowa, Nakagawa-machi, Teshionakagawa Co., Hokkaido. Fig. 30. Left valve, KE 1855, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 31. Immature right valve, KE 1863, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Figs. 29a, 29b. Lateral and dorsal views of left valve, GKH 6990, x 1, Loc.: Gakkonosawa at Yasukawa, Nakagawa-machi, Hokkaido. Figs. 32a, 32b. Lateral and internal views of left valve, GKH 6992, x 1, Loc. : Gakkonosawa at Yasukawa, Nakagawa-machi, Hokkaido. (to be continued) TASHIRO : Cretaceous Glycyme1·ids Plate 27 -' lS 28b 22 21 590. Cretaceous Glycymerids 239 Mollusca from the Upper Cretaceous pis. 1-3. Jalama formation, Santa Barbara county, -- (1939) : Geology of the Mifune district, California. Univ. Calif. Publ., Geol. Sci., Kumamoto Prefecture. Ibid., Vol. 46, Vol. 65, pp. 1-27, pis. 1-4. No. 544, pp. 1-12, pl. 1 (in Japanese). FINLAY, H.]. and MARWICK, ]. (1937): The -- (1954 ed.) : The Cretaceous System in Wangaloan and associated molluscan the Japanese Island. xiv+324 pp., 36 pis. faunas of Kaitangata-Green island sub japan Soc. Prom. Sci. Res., Tokyo. division. /liew Zealand Ceo/. Surv., Pal --, AMAKO, M., OKADA, H. and Occr ·------ (continued from p. 238) Glycymeris (Glycymerita) veatchii (GABB) (for comparison)* Figs. 33a, 33b. Lateral and dorsal views of both valves, 33a,: left vah·e, GKH 6983, x 1. Glycymeris (Glycymerita) aff. apletos DAILAY and PoPENOE (for comparison)* Fig. 34. Right valve, GKH 6988, x 1. Fig. 35. Internal view of right valve, GKH 6989, x 1. * G. (G.) veatchii and G. (G.) aff. apletos are collected by T. MATSUMOTO from the Upper Cretaceous Chico group in California, U.S.A. 24() Masayuki TASHIRO Explanation of Plate 28 Glycymeris (Hanaia) salida NAGAO Fig. 1. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1760, x 1, Loc. : Karakizaki of the Goshonoura island, Amakusa Co., Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 2. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1765, x 1, Lac. : Shirahama of the Shishi island, Izumi Co. Kagoshima Pref. Fig. 3. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1767, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 4. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1768, x 1, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 5. Ditto; KE 1762, x 1, Lac.: Enokuchi of the Goshonoura island. Fig. 6. Imperfect left valve, KE 1761, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 7. Rubber cast of internal mould, immature left valve, KE 1763, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Figs. Sa, Sb. Lateral and dorsal views of imperfect left valve, KE 1764, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Glycymeris (Hanaia) katsurazawensis T ASI-IIRO, new species Figs. 9a, 9b. Lateral and dorsal views of right valve, GKH 6983, x 1, Lac.: The coast of the waterway near the Katsurazawa dam, Ikushunbetsu, Hokkaido. Fig. 9c. Umbonal view of GKH 6983, x 1..5. Figs. lOa, lOb. Lateral and dorsal views of left valve, GKH 6981, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 11. Internal view of right valve, GKH 6982, x 1, Lac. : Ditto. Fig. 12. Left valve, KE 1855, x 1, Holotype, Lac.: About 500 m. south of the Katsurazawa dam, Ikushunbetsu. Fig. 13. Internal view of left valve, KE 1855, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 14. Left valve, KE 1856, x 1, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 15. Surface ornamentation of left valve, KE 1857, x4, Lac.: Ditto. Glycymeris (Hanaia) hokkaidoensis (YABE and NAGAO) Figs. 16a, 16b. Lateral and dorsal views of right valve, GKH 6983, x 1, Lac. : The lower reaches of the Kotozawa river, Abeshinai district, Hokkaido. Fig. 16c, Surface ornamentation of GKH 6984, x 4. Glycymeris (Hanaia) matsumotoi T ASI-IIRO, new species Figs. 17a, 17b. Lateral and dorsal view of right valve, rubber cast of external mould, KE 1864, x 2, Lac.: Tani of Miyaji-machi, Yatsushiro city Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 17c. Surface ornamentation of KE 1864. Fig. 18. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1865, x2, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 19a. Ditto, KE 1870, x 2, Holotype, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 19b. Umbonal view of Halo type, x 4. Fig. 20. Rubber cast of right internal mould, KE 1866, x 2, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 21. Rubber cast of left internal mould, KE 1869, x 2, Loc. : Ditto. Glycymeris (Hanaia) dens£/ineata NAGAO (for comparison) Fig. 22. Right valve, GKH 6642a, x 1.5, Lac.: Hiraiga of Tanohata village, Iwate Pref. (HAYA:VII collect.) Fig. 23. Left valve, GKH 6642b, x 1.5, Lac. : Ditto. (HAYA;'v!I collect.) Glycymeris (Pseudoveletuceta) mifunensis T ASI-IIRO, new species, new subgenus. Fig. 24a. Internal mould of left valve, KE 1769, x 2, Lac.: Nishiyama of Katashida-machi, Shimomashiki Co. Kumamoto Pref. Figs. 24a, 24b. Lateral and dorsal views of KE 1769, rubber cast, x 3. Fig. 25. Internal mould of immature right valve, KE 1771, x3, Lac.: Ditto. Fig. 26. Internal mould of right valve, KE 1777, x2, Lac.: Ditto. (to be continued) TASHIRO: Cretaceous Glycymerids Plate 23 8a - I I 23 17c 30 24c -- ' 29a 28a 590. Cretaceous Glycyrnerids 241 the pelecypod Family Glycymeridae. jour. Upper Cretaceous System South of Kuma Paleont., Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 616-621. moto. Mem. Fac. Educ. Kumamoto Univ., -- (1950) : Origin of the pelecypod Family No. 14, Sec. 1 (Nat. Sci.), pp. 24-34, pl. l. Glycymeridae. Ibid. Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. -- and -- (1967) : Some problems on the 89-98, 3 pis. age of the Mifune group (abstruct in -- (1956) : Distribution of living glycy Japanese). jour. Ceo!. Soc. Japan, Vol. merids with a new species from Bermuda. 73, No. 2, p. 137. Nautilus, Vol. 70, No. 2, pp. 48-53, 2 --, -- and MoTOJI:\L\, T. (1968): The pis. correlation of the Mifune Group with 0KA:\IOTO, K. and NAKANO, M. (1965): the Upper formation of the Gosyonoura Clycymeris and Cultellus from the Group, with description of some import Tertiary Hioki (Ashiya) Group in the ant pelecypods from the strata. Mem. Yuya-wan Area, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Fac. Educ., Kumamoto Univ., No. 16, Sec. Southwest Japan. jour. Sci. Hiroshima 1 (Nat. Sci.), pp. 29--!2, pl. 1. Univ., Ser. C, Vol. 2, pp. 531-539, pl. TA0:AKA, K. (1963) : A study on Cretaceous 57. sedimentation in Hokkaido, Japan. Ceol. SAITO, T. (1961) : The stratigraphic studies Surv. japan., pp. 1-119, 3 pis .. of the Futaba-gun, Fukushima-prefecture, UEDA, Y. and FuRUKA\YA, N. (1960): On Japan, Part 1. Bull. Arts and Sci., Iba the Himenoura Group of the Amakusa raki Univ., Nat. Sci., No. 11, pp. 108-113. kamishima and adjacent islets, Kumamoto (in Japanese). Prefecture. Sci. Rept., Kyushu Univ., -- (1962) : The Upper Cretaceous System Ceol., Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 14-34 (in Japan.). of Ibaraki and Fukushima Prefecture, -- (1962) : The Type Himenoura Group. Japan, Part 2. Ibid., No. 13, pp. 52-87, J'v!em. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., Ser. D 8 pis. (Ceo!.), Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 129-160. SKAW ARKO, S.K. (1967) : Mesozoic Mollusca Wooos, H. (1899-1913) : A monograph of the from Australia and New Guinea. Bur. Cretaceous Lamellibranchia of England. Min. Resources Ceo/. Ceophys., Austratz:a, Vol. 1 (1899-1903), xliii+227 pp., 42 pis. Bull. no. 75, pp. 1-101, pis. 1-12. YABE, H. and NAGAO, T. (1925): New or STOLICZKA, F. (1871) : Cretaceous fanna of little-known Cretaceous Fossils from southern India. Vol. 3, Pelecypoda, North Saghalin (Lamellibranchiata and Palaeont. Indica, pp. 1-537, pis. 1-50. Gastropoda). Sci. Rept. Tohoku Imp. TA:>.ICRA, M. and TASHIRO, M. (1966): Unit·., 2nd Ser., Vo1.7 , No. 4, pp. 111- (continued from p. 240) Fig. 27. External view of immature right valve, rubber cast, KE 1773, x 4, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 28a. Internal mould of right valve, KE 1776, x 1.5, Loc.: Asanoyabu of Mifune-machi, Kamimashiki Co. Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 28b. Rubber cast of KE 1776, x 3. Fig. 29a. Internal mould of right valve, KE 1774, x 1.5, Holotype, Loc. : Ditto. Fig. 29b. Ligamenta! view of Holotype, rubber cast, x 3. Fig. 30. Surface ornamentation of right valve, rubber cast, KE 1775, x 7, Loc.: Ditto. Limopsis kogata (Ici-IlKAWA and MAEDA) Fig. 31. Internal mould of left valve, KE 1877, x 3, Loc.: Hongo at Kawaura-machi, Amakusa Co. Kumamoto Pref. Fig. 32. Rubber cast of imperfect right valve, ligamenta! view, KE 1880, x 5, Loc. Ditto. Fig. 33. Rubber cast of imperfect right? valve, external mould, KE 1875, x7, Loc.: Ditto. Fig. 34. Rubber cast of internal mould, OCU 0210, x 2, Loc.: The Awaji-island, Hyogo Pref. (IcHIKAWA and MAEDA collect.) 242 Masaynki TASHIRO 124, 2 pis .. Lamellibranchiata. Ibid., Vol. 9, No. 3, -and- (1928) : Cretaceous fossils from pp. 77-96, pls. 16-17. Hokkaido; Annelida, Gastropoda and ------~----- ± )§ Abeshinai ff!) Je..'\ i*J Mayu Amakusa 7(.* :1\l. Mifune id'j) Jfr~ '7:1 Asanoyabu i1 If Miyaji p til!. Enokuchi ii 1=1 Nakagawa ~I' Jll :ft Futaba ~ Naraki /T' .& Gakkonosawa ~~= #: *1R Nishiyama j§ *ill Goshonoura fa'n Jilf im Oda ~~ III Hirono IE. !Jl} Oe j;_ ii Hongo ~l!f, Okoshiki iilill fi'! Ikushunbetsu *Mt: '{j )}I] Sakainosawa w *IR Izumi Lt', 7J( Sakuradani f"'!A ~ Kamihira J: f Shimomashiki T ~ JJili. Kamimashiki J: ·~ JJili. Shirahama s ~~ f:J,: Karakizaki '•-1 ;;j~ Plij Shishi jji ~ ± Katashida ~ JC,.'\ IE Takado ~ Fi Katsurazawa j:J iR Tani .:(;o',, Kawaura i"l ifll Teshio X tit;. K6da ~~ If! Uto ~ ± Kotozawa m tJE iF'( Wadanohana ;f\] FE ;;'j<'"' Kugu 11'5 Yatsushiro J\ {-1:: Kyowa j~ ;fn 243 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN JJ J!l:tJ±;'t¥:~w.; 1o7 @1 f7u ~ 11 1971 {f. 6 n 27 Lepidocyclina 0) top datum t:. -:>It'""( ...... 11 (A) ffi.&~Fr:*$~Fl'$1tB 1015 f(~~:.IJ~v'--c ...... ·itl!ill/N~. f!I!!7Jiil1 !h91lli~tLt.:: (~:IJQ;jlf70~). :fiH!XiJJ~\'HI'I*PIJiiili:0)1BJ¥ifUi'l :jfi.JO) 1'!1L!E.in~ llHIH:.00-9 :Q= · ~O)~t]Hfi ...... ·*ltiil :rJJ if& A ~~~ iii! ~1}f.[illl7Ji1!:if.BO)i@i~i1f . * m w · f!k~ · 1i s mtlll ;kr:Jili~*O)#- ~ :.-- ~·:170)1i:JMHJl· .. JlliB:II!f:~ :b.JXt:. 9€~-t :Q w.;~>*if!JJ!l~Ji!l0)1'J1L!E.ft1:itc '£\"~I~H\~i§l}~!$1II-l*ctil!~llH:.-:>It'--c (:;}( ll! · 'J' ll! "?It'""( ...... -~-'*~~= ft1:]~:.J: :Q~fli) ...... -~_1: :rjf fi'pfliiJWH8N.rl!l.b.Jit O)J:ff!IWJT~~>* 1~ft1:il\riFFf:a~ On the Upper Cretaceous flora newly found ?iJf;iE .. · ...... J~.I.O~& from the Isla Quiriquina, Concepcion, W.R*$'1Eii~J\"iO)Il;'ff-\':tC"?It'""( ...... Chile...... KI~JURA, T. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · i\1iiW~t-~6 · :!Jmt'#~U:I£ f~:*~~*7Y~~O)iJ±~~~U~O)&~ NMI!luEIHcOJ Codium (t1:]. Part I. Cylindric C. .:CO)Jll<:* · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ilifllli!YUI> Codium. htCr:f .:C 0)-l'*O) r:p ~=- 14 O);,(iJjk_l: 7- ~ ifE '/ ~ 7 $c Minetrigoniinae O)WI[~ .... O)r.ti~m c. r<•J-O)Jfflffiiti'ltil!! ~ .l'i!.tH-t .. fliiJtt-EtzM • • . . . . . • • . • • • . . . . • . . . • • • . . . . • . . . . . M"I:H I!Yt![l It:! ll~tillt.N1§-Ii /£0) -if" Y ::!·ft::fi~;:--::> v'--c .... Some Jurassic corals from North Chile ...... iJJf.~WE~ · ~*f*r · ~l'ttfrlr ...... YAMAGIWA, N., LLJ~Wdl:fi~fli' Wlf'ti&:Nilf!51§-JHi:O).~ J :mMt ft::fi MAEDA, S., HAMADA, T. & CHONG, G. IC-:>It'""( ...... tlJf.1f.WE;'.ic · ®'SR:~ 3if L~ r!H-1-i:-JJO)[~N(I\rill'!\0) )(5( ~=f::~ft1:i~:.--::> 1t' --c Biogeography of early Senonian ammo- ..•....•..•••.....•••...... BfliiJ'i&3C noids ...... MATSUMOTO, T • mi§n~•w~~-~~~-~~-0)~•~* ~11U\~9c;t.$0)i'Jl ffi,JA~~rn mLIJi'~O)~'l!i:.:tO) 4. l2fii57:ft10)~ft ...... ·· ·· · · .. ·· ·Ei*llln=lt · n;~iR IE· ii.~;Ji:UB::..: ~Jl.·hm~fflHil!fu'il'Ht.:fif.l\IC"?v'·c .... ~li!M~~ M.~i"lll~!r. .:i<>I::T <:)i-¥iltH1lf ·Jl!hO):ftH1t-!T-t5L .... ::klilt~~~c"?v'-c ...... r~~~- ··································R* ~f!!;iMJllf:ltMlti.JO)rt:m~~"JM'9r: . · · ...... · · * !;1J.J'NYr-i=~l!lJ~;f.frt!tJII ii~!?J 0) ~ft. :fill¥'~ .. · . · ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·ff* JIU~ · :!lffittlErB · · ...... J;I;J:;js;:filJ<: · l~t,ililil~Ff- · ~!'!!!~~ ~wiMllf~llB*C~ ~ O)J2fiii1H1': · · · ...... · · · · · .ffi:~*Jt~~!li!(~;;O)f.{t~Mt.:fi C. .:CO)~~ .... ;M; t~ · · · ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ...... !llfl=l$t!t · lklllHMr ilf.i · 1],-;'f~A · :i,(:fl]j.j-;(Jl!~liiP~il[I(J]li}f~·,v-7' llft~:;js;:~j¥jgBO) "Jjftf..!:fiEi(;fi" IC "?v'"C ...... !l&OCf'nnO)!-¥lflfii1-"HL!P.~ff ...... ± ~iR- .. · · · · · .. · · · · · !6 ~ !:(!} :1( · i'llll.iE ;.lc • 1'i\i III l!f! -tt!T~~ J!fO)!illti.Jft:tilli\ C::klJ2iil:l*~ .t V'rtm) ~*fiMElli ~ ;;;t.Y7':/70)~~5J:(p ...... lJ.:JLOOP.~ IC"?v'-c ..... -~fi;1d15trt · X#~'f.!IG. ~n.l!/~lca· E *iflt k llf:liti'l~I.JO) marine palynology .... ~t.*-~~C~I::TQ~:=:*Cf[li!jji.J!l!!:E.!Il ...... tJm;tj:~~ ...... ~ifE.:=:Jl!~ Middle Triassic pteridosperms from Rio 1J ::4>:i"llli19r~iffB!i!'l~~ O)lftL!:hllf~ ...... Biobio area, Concepci6n, Chile .. :;j;:t:t~ajj ...... *tl Ill J3J . =f!I!!.JJ iif 0) :fi'Ei(iiO)lfiJr~ Crassolithon IC"?v'-c .. :fi/f}j HJ;; m~J'¥:7- !il !1!1l'Jrr OEifH:. "?", -c ...... -::1~ 1- 7 Y 1-"~i!€:/Jv !17~~1l!RIC"?v'-c ...... t:mlJ ~ fili :!ill ~ fili 13 ~Ill il& Ef! iZdm 9J 13 1972if. j';i)~-if.~ =f * :*- ~ 1972 ~- 1 fl 22, 23 13 1 9 7 1 if. 12 fl 10 f3 109 @] {7ij A= ~ 'IllI '13 :*- $ I 1972 i:F- 6fl J:'BJ 1972 if. 5 fl 10 13 0 1971 if. 8 fJ fC J ;f './ !::' ;t.- A ~ l:~M·:ht-: I "t / ::I'~Jj fC~T .Q ~ 1 @l~~ ti ~t7o './ / ,f- :/'7 A J fC :fov' "C "International Asossiation of Specialists in Fossil Corals" Z'ID!:3'l.T .Q 1:. c_ ;Q; ~ ;t 1J ;t L t-::, :/OCMO)fi~ji: C. L "L l~f!i,J;I.Jr9~0) ~ A ~ :\;:' fi=JlX:T .Q 1:. C. \. t.r. IJ, {j;:O) ~~l'[ -c 'IIHamiJtiJ;;:J " List of Members" Issued Sept. 30, 1971 Page 1, Reight column, read *BANDO for BANDO Page 12, Left column, SATO, Seiji; read Dept. Geol. & Mineral., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (060) for 4-1890, Kamitakaido, Suginami-ku, Tokyo (167). 1 9 7 1 if. 12 fl 25 s IiiU s:;js:·J51:_4?J$~ 1 9 7 1 if. 12 fl 30 s ***~;f.JR~l}!l:ttll'l\t~~~ P'l (~ ~ r:I ~ * * 8 4 7 8 0 Jf) s *ti~19JJ~~*'* ·l:C :iJ 83 ± if 1\ll ~ 84-% 9 0 0 P1 Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of japan New Series No. 84 December 30, 1971 CONTENTS TRANSACTIONS 586. MATSUMARU, Kuniteru: The genera NephTolepidina and Eulepidina from New Zealand ...... 179 587. KIMURA, Tatsuaki and SEKIDO, Shinji: The discovery of the cycad·like leaflets with toothed margin from the Lower Cretaceous Itoshiro Sub-group, the Tetori Group, Central Honshu, Japan ...... 190 588. HAY AMI, Tomoko: On some Bryozoa from near Namioka-cho, Minami- Tsugaru-gun, Aomori Prefecture, Japan ...... 196 589. MASUDA, K6ichir6: Amussiopecten from North America and northern South America ...... , ...... 205 590. TASHIRO, Masayuki: Upper Cretaceous glycymerids in Japan ...... 225 PROCEEDINGS ...... 243