A Manual of Marks on Pottery and Porcelain

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HBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS

A MANUAL OF.MARKS

_POTTERY AND PORCELAIN

A DICTIONARY OF EASY REFERENCE

W. H. HOOPER AND W. C. PHILLIPS

inutlnn MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED

NE“! YORK; THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1898

All rights rcxcmcdmm“ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‘ DAVTS RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BUNGAY.

First Ea'z'h'on 1876; Second Edition 1877 1 Reprinted 1879, 1886; with corrections and additions, 1894, 1896, 1893. PREFACE.

THIS edition has been carefully revised and enlarged by the addition of many new marks.

When ﬁrst issued none of the marks of Japan had been published. At that time information was diﬂicult to obtain, and much of it has since been found to be un reliable; by the kind permission of Sir A. W. Franks a large number of marks are now inserted, which will be found to include all the factories of importance.

Being only intended for a pocket-volume, unimportant factories and unknown marks are left out. For more detailed information, the works of Brongniart, Chaﬁers, Demmin, Jacquemart (admirably translated by Mrs. Bury Palliser), Marryat, Robinson and others may be consulted.

The work is divided into four parts; in the ﬁrst, the Marks are classed under descriptive heads, as Anchor, Animal, etc. ; in the second—Majolica—the factories of Italy are arranged alphabetically; in the third, other factories of Europe on the same plan ; and in the fourth, the Oriental Marks are arranged by the number of characters inscribed. iv PREFACE.

The Marks on Pottery and Porcelain are of three kinds—factory, workman, and pattern mark. The ﬁrst is usually placed in a prominent position, sometimes accompanied by the mark of the maker or decorator. Sévres Porcelain, for instance, often having four or ﬁve workmen’s marks, besides that of the factory. The pattern mark is-usually a number ,' this is seldom given, being useless without a description of the pattern itself.

The Marks, when pencilled or incised, vary very con siderably ; a difierent hand, a full brush, or a flaw in the material, all tend to make them unrecognizable , even when printed they are often blurred by the action ' of the fire or running of the enamel, and when im pressed, a shrinking of the wet clay will change or obliterate them.

IN) *3 X.

MARKS.

N p O M PAGE PAGE Anchor . . enema-H Fleur-de-lys .. 22 Oval Q Q Animal . . Flower 23 ~J~q Arrow , . Palette Pickaxe -~ Axe . . . . Grass .. 25 KOb—l Pipe ‘1

Hayfork 2.5 -1 Beacon Rose . . Bell Head .. 26 Bird Heart .. .. 26 Sceptre aaeﬁha-urcw Bow . . Horn .. ,. 26 Shell . . Butterﬂy Shield. . ~1‘1-1-1—1q-1-1 Label .. 27 Ship . . . . Caduceus 0000-1620: r-lmm Leaf .. 27 Square Marks Circle . . Letters 28 Star . . Claw .. \-| Lines .. 45 Sun . . Crescent Sword. . Cross . Mitre .. 45 Monograms .. .. 46 ‘1 Crown Table . . Q Musical Instruments 59 Tower.. 79 Dome . . Triangle Dot Names 59 Trident Numeral 67 Ermine Vases .. Orb .. 68 Fish Oriental 69 Windmill

MAJ OLICA.

Bimini Bassano 84 Gubbio .. 89 Rome . . Caffagiolo . . 84 Lodi 91 Caste] Durante 85 Savona Castelli 85 Milan .. 92 Slena . . Montelupo 92 Diruta 85 'I‘reviso Naples 92 Turin . . Faenza 86 Florence Padua. . 93 Urbino Forli . . 88 Pesaro 94 . 100 Venice Genoa.. .. 89 Ravenna 94 vi ,. INDEX.

FACTORIE S.

men PAGE PAGE Altenrolhau .. 101 Etruria .. . 181 Marieberg . . .. 147 Amstel .. .. 101 Marseilles . . u 148 Amsterdam.. .. 101 Ferrybridge .. 137 M eissen . . .,. 149 Andennes .. .. 102 Florence .. .. 138 Menecy Villeroy .. 149 Anspach .. .. 102 Frankenthal . 138 Middlesbrough .. 149 Aprey . . . . 103 Fulda. . .. 138 Montet . . .. 149 Arnstadt .. .. 103 Furstenberg . 139 M ontpellier n. 149 Arms ...... 103 Montreuil . . Gem ...... 139 Moscow a. . 150 Baden-Baden .. 103 Gotha .. 139 Moustiers . . Bayreuth . . 104 Grosbreitenbach .. 139

Berlin .. 104 Nantgarw ..I. 110 Bordeaux .. 106 Ha ue, The. .. 14-0 Naples Ha densteben .. 140 Bourg-la-Reine .. 106 Nevers . . I. .. 152 Bow ...... 106 Hanley .. .. 140 Newcastle . . Bradwell .. .. 108 Herculaneum .. 145 Niederviller .. 152 Bristol .. .. 108 Herend .. 141 N imes . . .. 152 Brussels .. 109 Hesse Cassel .. 141 N ove ...... 152 Burslem . .. 109 Hesse Darmstadt . . 141 Nuremburg. . .. 153 Buen Retire .. 110 Hildersheim . 141 N ymlihenberg . 153 Hdchst . 142 Nyon . . . . Caen .. .. 110 Caldas .. .. 110 Kid .. .. 142 Oporto . . .. 154' Capo di Monti .. 110 Kiel .. .. 142 Orleans . 154. Caseméne .. .. 111 Korzec .. . 142 Castleford .. .. 111 Kreuzen .. .. 142 Paris .. . . Caughley .. .. 111 Perkenhammer .. 156 Chantilly .. .. 112 Lane End or Long Pinxton . . .. 156 ton .. .. 143 Chelsea .. 113 Plymouth . . O .. O 157 Clignancourt .. 114 Leeds 143 Popplesdorf Coalport or Coal Lille .. 143 brookdale .. 114 Limbach 144 Quimper . . . . 157 Cobridge .. 115 Limoges.. . 144 Cologne . .. 115 Lisbon 145 Rauenstein 157 Copenhagen .. 116 Liverpool .. . 145 Regen sberg or Ra: Criel .. . . 117 Lougport .. 146 tisbon . . .. 157 Loosdrecht . . 146 Rockingham .. 178 Damm .. 117 Lowestof t . . 146 Rouen . . .. 158 Delft .. .. 117 Ludwigsburg 146 ‘ Rudolstadt . . . 158 Derby . 132 Luxembourg 147 .. 159 Doccia . .. 133 Saintes . . Dresden .. .. 134 Madrid .. 110 St. Amend .. . 159 Malta .. .. 147 St. Cloud .. Elbogen .. .. 137 Marans , .. .. 147 8t. Petersburg . 160

INDEX.

PAGE PAGE PAGE St. Samson .. .. 161 Swansea .. .. 178 Venice .. 180 Sceaux Penthiévre 161 Swinton .. .. 178 Vienna .. 180 Schaffhausen .. 162 Toulouse .. .. 179 ViﬁgﬁgggsV' .. 181 Schlakenwald .. 162 .. 181 Sévres.. .. 162 'l‘oumay . . . . 139 Volkstadt .. 181 ,, Table or'nates l63 TOUI‘S ...... 119 Voisonlieu .. 181 Tunstall .. .. 179 , ,, Painters’ Marks 166 Turin ...... 180 “'edgwoo‘i .. 181 Shelton .. .. 176 Worcester .. 182 Sinceny .. .. 176 Uzes ...... 180 Wurzburg . 184 Stoke-upon-Trent .. 177 Strasbourg .. .. 177 Val sous Mendon . . 180 Yarmouth .. 184 Sunderland .. .. 1713 Varages .. 180 [Zurich . 184

ORIENTAL MARKS.

CHINA. Cycle ...... 189 Grass .. .. 195‘ Rabbit . 209 Bat ...... 193 Inscriptions.. .. 195 Sacred Axe .. . . 209 Dates ...... 190 1 Shell .. . 209 ,, Seal .. .. 191 “Hall” Marks .. 201 Square . 209 Dragon .. .. 193 Syinbolical 0r naments212 Leaf ...... 207 Fish ...... 193 Table . . . 214 Flower .. .. 193 Fly ...... 191 Numerals .. .. 208 Pa-qua. . 215

JAPAN. Dates ...... “316 ‘Imadon .. .. 2‘23“ Seto suké . 234 I Imuq'i ...... 223 Soma .. I. 234 Factories and Wares 218 Kaga ...... 223 '1 okio. . .. 235 Akahada .. .. 218 Kiolo ...... 226 Tuyoura .. 235 Asahi ...... 219 Kiomidzu .. .. 228 Tozan. . . 235 Awaji ...... 219 Kishiu . . .. 229 Yei'raku .. 229 Awata...... 2‘26 Kutani .. . . 2'23 Flower - 236 Arita ...... 221 Minato . . . . 230 Inscriptions. . -- 236 Bank0...... 219 Mine ...... 230 Bizen ...... 220 Raku .. .. . 230 Leaf -- 236 Hirato . . .. L21 Sada ...... 231 Square - 239 Hezen...... 221 Satsuma .. .. 232 Hiahu...... 222 SrtO ...... 232 Vase- . . . 240 CONTRACTIONS.

The quality of the Ware is described in the ﬁrst column, and the mode of marking in the second, as follows :— maj. ... Majolica. [ inc...... Incised. h. p. Hard Paste. ‘l imp. Impressed. s. p. Soft Paste. , p, Pancz'llcd. pot...... Pottery. pr...... Printed. sten...... _ Stoneilled.

The third column contains the dates, Pottery and Porcelain iMarks. I

ANCHOR.

CHELSEA s p imp 174

H .. p or gold red , ,

N J h H

H I I;

91 ° H I l D

POPPLESDORF pot imp 176

(6‘0 ’i‘E’H Sonnux PENTHIEVRE s p p blue 176. Pottery and Porcelain

eEeHblA SCEAUX PENTIIIEVRE pot p blue

VENICE hp p red 1765

,, This mark varies majt p color 17 very much iii—r COLOGNE .. pot p blue 17—

—l—'€** Bow 5P p red 173— <42 The form and position of the sword nary.

COALBROOK DALE hp p blue

DERBY CHELSEA w p gel/1 1770 @% or red Mark“. 3

C M d} VENICE s p p gold 1']— Giovanni Marconi 01' color

‘4 tr Woacnsrnn p color 175 M Richard Holdship, decorator He also worked for Derby o9qzspo'l’)

I Lousroar ..-. pot imp 1793

., ,, pr blue 1505

Thus road from _ n imperfect impression pot Imp 18— of name

CALDAS pot imp 18— CALDAS Imita ' t“ ion of P a l' issy l Vare ORTUGAI. go (’0 .o : °* 4 3 m MIDDLEsBonoueH pot pr bluo -' I i -< 20, Pattern mark imp H 2U 4 Pottery and Porcelain

ANIMAL.

Swnc'ron h p p red 1824 The Rackingham Crest.

A MEIsssN pot imp l7— l NearDresde'n.

h ‘ Hessn CASSEL h p p blue 1763 i

AMSTERDAM b p p blue 1772

u - n n n ,

(Ki. > FRANKENTHAL h p p blue 1754 ‘ ? CHINA 1: p p blue On old Nomkin Ware. Kill? ll‘f ...... Marks. 5

ARROW.

E Bow s p p blue 173—

H (P) PLYMOUTH 11 p ,, H

/ CAUGHLEY . . h p p blue 17—

R. Lnnns pot imp 177 Also with name Hartley, Green & Co.

PARIS h p p blue 1773 De la Courtille (sometimes called > Torches)

% v on .n 2: >1 n

AXE. ,

‘ ’ BADEN BADEN h p p gold Widow Sperl. or color 1\ "1758 Pottery and Porcelain

BADEN BADEN h p p gold 1753 Widow Sperl. or color

Dr,er pot p blue 1764 Do 31/1 (The Awe) Justus Broawer

‘9 ﬂ 9’

I! I, v 1!

BEACON.

GENOA muj. p lo—

BELL. DEL“ pot p blue 1764 De drei Klohlren. (The 3 bells) 7V. Van der Does

This mark caries so much that it is called Leaf and Arrow head.

1| ' n n n Marks. 7

\ BIRD. _ I Q \ 14 J? AMSTERDAM pot p color 1780 f: Han-tog and Brandeis.

é ﬁg“ ANSPACH h p p blue 1718

Sometimes used without the letter

,| ' II N H

Ssvuns h p 19 red 1810 1st Empire. {iten & imp

Napoleon III. Emperor h p pr color 1652

LIVERPOOL pot p color 1833 A Liver, the Arms of the Town. Case, Mort §f Co. Pottery and Porcelain

HAGUE (The) hp p blue 177 The A rms of.

5P p blue 173

BUTTERFLY. CHINESE On old Nankin 11v p blue

CADUGEUS. Dunsnrn This mark varies very much. 11p p blue 1712

Woncnsrnn 5P p blue 1753 In imitation of Dresden

CIRCULAR MARKS. FAENZA maj. p blue And other varieties, and also without the circle Marks. 9

® Hocnsr h p p gold 1720 The arms of the Archbishop of or color M ayertce. ® D ,, Dahl M" pot p color 1794

g D Dunn Aschafenberg h p p blue 17-—

Dr:er pot p blue 1691 T’Fortuyn Fortune 99 P. Van der Breil

1f E Y . :y Y ,, M arti'n'as Gouda pot :1 1675 '3

® ® FLORENCE s p p color l5— @ The arms of the Medici. ® ® ® Francis II. A very rare mark.

URBXNO mnj. p color 15—— Orazio Fontana Urbirto fecit. IO Pottery and Porcelain

h p pr 00101: 1815

@D Gonosnn pot 16...

{PMPQL l MoNTPELIJEn pot imp 18—

u cans?» "1 Lo Vouland.

SIIELToN pot pr color 1820

BERLIN h p pr 1850 Royal Factory

SEVRES h p pr color 1830 The mark was used with the year date from 1830.

Louis Philippe h p 1834 Mar/es. l l

Suvuna h p pr color 1834

,, Republic 11 p p red 1848

Bunsnmr pot & imp 1768 Wedgwood 8’ Bentley h p

CLAW.

DELFT 4“, De Klaauw (The Claw) pot pblu. 1764 Lambertus Sanderus.

1’ ,1 I) i.

II '. 0! II

' 92'0 '— -' n ‘ 1‘2 Pottery and Porcelain

CRESCENT.

Cancnnnv h p. p blue 1750 And without name.

Woncn's'rnn 5P p blue 1751 or gold

Ummm Also with the initials E. F. B. maj. p blue 1594

NAPLES maj. p blue 17—

Woncssrsa hp p blue 1783

.Mark;. 13

MARIEBERG, Sweden pot & pcolor 1750 Sp

Ehrenreich, 1, n 1759

CROS S.

4. ex BRISTOL hp p in 1773 color

Funm ,. hp 9 blue 1763

VARAGES ... pot p bltcrc 1730 or red

Dnnsnnn ... hp p blue 1720

.1 .1. + COPENHAGEN hr p color 1772

CASEMENE pol imp 18— Pottery and Porcelain

BOURG-LA-REINE 11 p Le Chappelet.

BIus'roI. b P p color 17 73

TURIN Vinenf h p imp 1770 Dr. Gioanetti.

CROWN. Bassnno maj. p color 1540 Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi 51/ B" Tet-chi

CASTELLI mai. p color 16—

ST. PETERSBURG h p p blue 1801 Alerander I. or color

,, h P p blue 1865 Alexander II. or color Marks. I s

Panrs 11:1 Porcelaine de la Reine(Antoimtte) p red 1778

VENICE maj 17—

DERBY 5P p gold 177

BRUSSELS hp p color 18—

Woncns'rnn Barr, Flight 8" Barr. hp irnp 1807

NAPLES maj. p 16— Crown of various shapes. sometimes B. G.

SEVRES Charles X. hp '” blue 1829 [6 Pottery and Porcelain

3: ' is (:19 ESE 5 \ SEVREs Charles X. h p p blue 1820 o 30 9

$ LUD\VIGSBURG h p p blue 1758 Also attributed to m BUEN RETIRO s p p color 176 Madrid. Carlos III. & pot

® Lunwmsncne h p p blue 1758 I Initial of Duke Charles

% NIEDERVILLER h o p blue 1786 3 De Custine, director 8‘ p°t

m n l ' n u

E URBINO maj. ,., 16— (P) Luca Cambiasi

% Hocns'r h p p gold 1720 & color

.~.____.___._ Marks. I 7

‘g PARIS h p p blue 1769 C P Charles Philippe, Comte d’Artois, patron

® FRANKENTHAL .. h p p blue 1761 £4 Carl Theodore '

‘ W DERBY h p p red or 1780 g Dueshury violet

%) ,, with monogram D K .;><_- Duesbur'y and Kean ,, ,, 1798 '9 1

>2 ,, also without crown ,, n ,,

,, Stevenson 7} Hancock ,, ,, 186

% Hxnnnnsrmm m ,,. h p p blue 1760 18 Pottery and Porcelain

58*338~§ti

Caro n1 MONT], Naples 5? p color 1780 Ferdinandus Rea

PARIS Dihl and Guerhard hr p red 1780

HESSE DARMSTADT hp p blue 1756

ST. Nicholas PETERBBURG I. hp p color 1825‘

@a at Sinners Louis-Philippa hp. imp or 1845 pr color

CLIGNANCOUBT ...... hr at red 1780 Mar/es. I 9

® BUEN RETmo, Madrid sp p color 176 D

J1 Lu 753.23 .MABIEBERG, Sweden pztprlt p color 1750

www N n i) H 1’ MBW

@ am In Mom, Naples s p p red or 1759 (‘9 blue

% ,, n- n n V n N & imp In SiavaEs. Napoleon III. s& p color 1854 In this year the mamufacture h p 5%“ of soft paste was resumed

>/<= SAVONA. (P) Guidobo'no maj. ,, 16— JVZG - C38 ORLéAns .,, .,. pot p color 1753 20 Pattery and Porcelain

ST. PETERSBURG. Paul I. h p p color 1796

DRESDEN h p p blue 1750 §@5553+ 121%éél Sachsiche Porzellen Manufacture

LUDWIGSBURG h p p blue 1806

OPORTO h p gold 1790 Vista Allegra or color 1

WORCESTER h p p color 1793 ﬁlly/gm”, Flight and Barr

:9" $ 6 LIVERPOOL pot 1mp. a 1796 g 3 pr color

DOME. FLORENCE .,. s p p color 1580 A rare mark Marks. '2 1

3 DOT. "o * LIMBACH h p p 1761 O

o 0 0° URBINO ti: FAENZA mnj. p 16 o

ERMINE. :1 STOKE-ON-TRENT .. h p p color 185— Minton & gold

FISH. ac. ’r/ @ GENOA maj. p 16—

w N‘zon h p p blue 1790

LILLE .. h p sten & 1784 The Dauphin. Patron p red

CHINA h p p blue 969 Old Nankin ware to 1106 This mark varies much Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA h p p blue 969 to 1106

n u. ” I! ,1

FLEUR‘DE-LYS. Bow sp p blue 173—

Caro m MONTI, Naples s p p blue 1736 Removed to BUEN Rn'rmo, Madrid ,, ,, 176—

MARSEILLES pot pr color 1777

I, U P In u

ROUEN n p 00101- 1542

u u- ... u T) I Marks. 2 3

% ST. 0mm) s p imp 1702

Sevres Siwnns h p p blue 1830

FLOWER. CHINA. (P) Sesamum h p p color 1403 to 1424

w ,, .. ,, 9 red 1426 & gold to 1435

$5 a: H - n n n

,, (P) Emblems of longevity ,, 1) blue [Ii/use maer am from, old Namk'in ware,- date un %% ce'rtvlin 24 Pottery and Porcelain

at. CHINA h p p blue

tier ask

JAPAN. On old and modern ware in imitation of old Nanhin patterns h p "

n I» _/, R ks Marks. 2 5

GRASS. \ I CHINA. This mark is known 3“ as the “ Grass Mark,” but it is meantfor a water plant h p p blue 960 to 963

,, u. -- u n n

I ” ..- n n n ,..

y n "' '" 1: H n

HAYFORK. Rnnonsmn'r h n 11 0010: 1758

O .0 . .. ,, p blue, .,

\< 11 Also Wonons'rsr Pottery and Parcelai n

HATCHET (see AXE).

HEAD. DELFT pot p color

HEART. Mous'rmns. Olery pot p color 17—

_ NAPLES maj 10—

ST. SAmsou on pot 183—

HORN. CHANTILLY 5}) p blue 1725 or imp

LUDWIGSBUB: hp p red or 1758 blue 2 7 Marks.

LAB EL. OnLnANs h & p color 1753 Gerault Daraubert s p

LEAF. BERLIN This mark is frequently painted 5rtitties“ e in green or gold over the Berlin sceptre on damaged pieces

GROSBREITENBACH h p p color 1770

,, Sometimes a mere flourish ,, ,, ,,

CHINA h p p blue A great variety of leaves are found on old Nankin ware, the mark was imitated by Dr:er and other factories 28 Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA.

(P) Bamboo leaves, mark of a hp p blue 1573 Factory in King-te-chin 1619

JAPAN. On were painted with hp p blue Chinese patterns

LETTERS. PARIS. Le boeuf p rec 177 A is also found on Bow ware

ANSPACH. This mark varies hp p blue 1718 'very much and sometimes looks like crossed swords Mark: 29

I DELFT pot p blue 1764 '7 D De Griekse A (The Alpha) ‘5 J. T. Dickst'raat or Dexfra I 4%— Pwvw ? n " u I, n u

‘ DELFT pot p blue ,, A K De Witte Stew (The White Star) ' ‘ A Kiell

AK * I, ' ’3 n 7 I) N ALTENROLHAU h p &, imp 1829 A- . A Nowotny Director pot ‘

URBINO maj p 160 A Alphonso Patanazzi

AR ARRAS s p p blue 1782

11ij H 37M DEI-FT .,. pot p ‘ I?“ Z 1) 30 Pottery and Porcelain

WORCESTER 11D 1110 1793 BB Barr. B is also on Bow ware

MARSEILLES pot p color 1769 w Bonnefo'y

wilt DELFT I. Brouu'er pot p blue 175

SAIN TES .. pot 1538 Attributed to Bernard Pallissy

BRISTOL hp p color 1773

GUBBIo Maestro Giorgio maj p color 15—

Lnxmmonno pot p color 1806 Bock &hp.

Bound LA Roms: 5 P p blue 1773 & pot DELFT ... " pot p blue Marks. 3 l

B BRYREUTH notpot pp blueblue 15—

8' f DELFT (?) Berghem

DELFT pot p blue 0 D (?) Van der Does."

ST. PETERSBURG h p h 176 c c Catherine

@l BAYREUTH h p p 0010!: 1744

#- DELFT — u. - pot p blue 17— De Pacmw (The Peacock) . m ( ? ) C om el' ws B 0 umc e ste r

6.2 COALBROOK DALE h p p blue 1787

(,1) LIMOGES .. h‘ p p red ,, 1773 I784

PARIS cal-L Oha/nou 3: Pottery and Porcelain

*c + SINCENY .. pot p color 177 + S + Joseph to Ce'rf

DERBY s p p red 1756 $ Dnesbnr'y CAUGHLEY ' .D (A Crescent, not a, Letter, h p p blue 1750 though often mistaken for one) LILLE pot vp color 174 Dorez _ @ D Room: pot Ip color 15—

DELFT pot p blue 1764, DEX (do Grtekse A) (The Alpha.) ‘ T. Dextm b]; K DELFT pot p blue ,, - (de Dubbetde Schenkkan) 4 (The Double Can)

V MENIJ‘CY VILLEROY a p p color 1735 D Due de Villero'y, patron &1 inc

Q ST. PETERSBURG ... h p p blue 1762 v Catherine Ii Marks. 33

g ST. PETERSBURG h p p blue 1762 n K P. Korniloﬁ'e

m E MARIEBERG pot p color 1759 \/“ Ehrenreich, director & s P 14 ‘6' DELFT pot p 1764 E B S T’ jorzgue Moriaans Hoﬂ't (The young Moors head.)

BRISTOL h p p color 1773 I (Imitation Oriental.)

F FLORENCE .. maj ,, 17— (A late mark on Fine Pottery.)

‘ FAENZA mad , 14.— E -s\ (Many varieties of the letter ("‘8 found.) ad FURSTENBERG h p p blue 1750

,, ... I" Q! a 3‘ F is also found on Bow wars

DELFT .- pot p blm Poltery and Porcelain 34

1w URBINO. Xanto maj. p color 15— Feb/4 Mous'rmns. F e'raud pot p color 178

FDV NAPLES Fab. del Vecchio, Napoh' muj. imp N & h p 17- -

H FLORENCE. For Firenze maj. p

EP Unnmo. Patanazzi maj. p 1608 1611

FR NEVERS pot p color 1730

PERKENHAMMER. Fischer & F8

{ISL GUBmo m maj. ,, 1536 |536

CAFFAGIOLO. G is found on Bow wan L507 G 1 II I Marks. 35

NAPLES. Gtustiniani ... maj. imp 85 17— p color

DELFTGOTHAGum ...... hp p blue 1780

g G 175—

6-B-c pot p red

GOG n "179 n ‘“ ' ,, Toude Moa-iaans Hoﬂt. (The old Moor’s head) pot p blue 1764 Geertrny Verstetle.

E,MII:r: STRASBOURG. Hannong hp 1752 &pot

Puma. Ha/rm-ong p color 1773

NEVERS. Henri Borne 7_ p color

DELFT. Jacobns Haldea'Adr'iens 1765 500“ ... p color 36 Pottery and Porcelain

H . F NAPLES Ina-j. p 17—

? DELFI‘ ...... pot p red 9 iv a; o a. o,‘

NUREMBERG not p blue 15— Hans Kraut Villingen

H DELFT pot p blue 1764 4 Hendrick Van Hoorn

DELFI‘ pot p blue ,, T’Hart (The Hart) Hendrick van Miadeldijh

IAG LISBON pot imp 18—

1 D M DELFT pot p blul. 1764 \-_\_ (P) JaCobus de Mildo

J K) g DELFT ... pot p blue W Marks. 37

I K DELFT .. pot p blue 1680 *0 Jam Kuylich

I p (P) PESABO. (F) In Pesaro maj p

DELFT pot p blue 1764 E2 De Griekse A (The Alpha) 7 J. T. Dikstraat or Deactra.

lw DELF'I‘ u as

J Dunn ,, ,,

' PARIS h p p blue 1790 Jacob Petit

LIMOGES pot p red 18» J. Pouyat

VOISONLIEU pot at color 1835 Jean Zeigler I & 1m?

Dmu'r Pot P blue (9) Jam KuyT/ich Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT Jan Kwylich pot p blue 1680

KIEL Buck/would, director p gold 177 - or color A. Lethamer, decorator

DRESDEN hp p blue

DELFT pot

LIMBAGH hp p red 1761

MONTELUPO Given by Jacquemart, Wolf's maj.

Brush BRUSSELS hp p color 1791 L. Cretté DELFT De La/mpetka/n (The Pitcher) pot p blue 1764 (PK Widow G. Browwer Marks. 39

BonnEAux Lahens and Rateau 11p p color 18—

DELFT (7) Van Dammelar pot p blue

CAFFAGIOLO mini 1) 15—

SINCENY pot p color 1864 Moulin

PAnIs Morel a Paris hp p blue 1773

GUBBIO Maestro Giorgio maj 15

” no M

Loosnrmon'r ,, be p blue 1772 Manufactur oude Loosdrecht 8: imp Moll director Potter] and Porcelain

Crown Rocha Sea/re pot p gold or color

DELFT pot p blue 1639 De Metaale Pot (The Metal Pot) Lambertus Cleﬂius

DELFTNEVERS ... Pot ,.

pot p color 15—

GUBBIO 111115 P 153 '52? Vincent'io or Cencio son of“ N, Maestro Giorgio 05}? GUBBIO ' N

O BOURG-LA-REINE h p p blue 1773

1? LILLE Petit ‘ .. pot p color 1778 Marks. 4,:

.P p LIVERPOOL ... pot p gold 1760 Pennington & h p or color & imp PINXToN I p p color 1791 P These letters are ascribed to PP Pinaton, but the ware was seldom marked

[P GUBBIO maj p 15— ’ ?Maestro Perest'ino

I! DELFT pot p

m CAFFLGIOLO maj p 15—

PA ROUEN pot p color 15—

PB C NIMES ,, imp 183 - Plantier, Bonconrant 4' ()0.

PP ROUEN pot p color 15— f “W DELFT on m pot p blue 1764 ' P '0 Doom 4.2 Pottery and Porcelain

\D‘B DELFT pot p blue 1691 Q: P van der Breil

PVM Dr:er pot p blue 1764 - —F- P mm M eemm

gﬁi, ‘ DELFT ., P brown

Q MARSEILLES pot p black 1777 R Robert 85 h p

R REGENSBERG on RATISBON h p p blue 17%

,, h p p blue 17—

R—n Rsumnsrmm h p p blue 1760

R$ DELF'I.‘ pot ..

R'VHL COLOGN'I ... pot p blue 16— WT‘ Marks. 4.3

S CAUGHLEY h p p blue 1750 Salopiam,

S SGHLAKENWALD h p p color 180\

'80 SINCENY pot p color 1733

SEVBES on white ware h p pr green 1833 ., m Scratch denotes that the piece left the factory undecorated. ,, n 186 . ST. CLOUD pot & p blue 173— T Trou Director 5 p

S X Scmux PENTHIIVRE a p inc I750

Ve n ﬁ - Vmuc: maj& h p p color 17_15—

BERLIN h p p blue 1751 8 Wegeley, founder Pottery and Porcelain +4

PLYMOUTH hp p blue 176 Probably the usual sign Jupiter, pencilled

WORCESTER sP p blue 1751

’1

And others in H n oriental marks

DELFT pot p blue 1764 De Twee Wildem Savages) Willem Van Beek

DELFT pot p blue 1764: Widow van der Briel

URBINO mud p 15— F”; Xanto

maj X p blue , n N red lustre

552 mad P u Marks. 4. 5

’ o ﬂg" Gnnnro ... ..- mai P 15

% Zunrcn h p p blue 1759

Dunn .. .. pot p 1765 Z‘ DEX: Deatra zoon

LINES. ' ALT HALDENSTEBEN h p imp 17—

”— CoqrieNgaoniu th t d h p p blue 1772 ’0' can , e grea an' little Belts

S ST. Pnrmnsnum h p p blue 17—

— _- ,, ,- ., ,,

MITRE.

WURZBUBG h p p blue 17- 46 Pottery and Porcelain

MONOGRAMS.

wﬁigééee‘oe to LILLE e. pot p color

AMSTERDAM Daeuber director or Amstel hp p blue 178

PARIS Gros Caillou Advemlr Lamarre hp p color 1773

D1:er pols p blue 1774

ANDENNES A Der Vamdor Woart pot imp 18—

Moscow A Gardner hp p color 17—

GUBBIO maj 1519 Giorgio Andreoli 1537

DELYI.‘ De witte Ster (The White Star) pot 1) blue 1764

A K'ielle Marks. 47

K4 Durmr pot p blue 1764 A Kielle “A ,, n a »

A m m u. » SI n

R Moscow h p p color 1830 A Popoﬂr

R APREY m ... Pot P black 1750

W n ... I" n. n n 1!

DELFT pot p blue 1764 R De twee Scheepjes (The two Ships) Ant Pennis A] Moscow h p p color 1830 A Popoﬂ

DELFT ... pot p blue 1680 Keyser & Pynaker g ., -.. '0' u. n I! n .1; oo Pottery and Porcelam

DELFT Keyser 4‘ Pynaker pot p 00101 1680

DRESDEN hP p blue 1709 $§A>Ee§¥§®% Augustus Rex

DRESDEN p blue 18— A modem mark & imp

PARIS Reverend pot p blue 16-—

DELFT 16—

ANSPAGH 0r Frankenthal hp .T. A. Hannong

TOUR-s Victor Avisseau hp 184

1 T \ \ NEVEBS Jacques Bou'rdu pot p color 1602 Marks. 49 l 1806 eelwr‘éie' ‘Luxmmouse Boch V p color

l \1760 NIEDERVILLER Beyerle' founder p blue

MARANS p color 1740 Jean Pierre Roassencq

NYON Pierre Malhausen decorator p blue 18—

COALBROOK DALI 11!) p blue 1787

Unamo A uim'ilar mark is dated 1549. maj 15— ~

STOKE-ON-TRENT 11p pr color 185— Consume

SEVRES .5. hp p blue 1824 "6% “"52 Charles K. Pottery and Porteloz'n

VENICE Probably Gia/n Andrea and maj P 15—

Pietro Bertolini

COALBROOK DALE hp p blue 1787

PARISDIRUTA ...m mai

hp precl 1784 Ghanou

URBINO maj 15-— Nicolo d’ Urbino

DELFT De Paanw (The Peacock) p blue 1651 DRN Jaeobus do Milde 1764

“'2. we . Marks. :1

m DIEUTA maj p 16—

E L' FLORENCE maj p 14— FAPEBAT

ELF NEVERS ... pot p color 1636 Den/[s Lefebvre

55' DELPI‘ pot p blue 1680 Johannes Mesch

.AZA URBINO maj ,, 16—

% Tounowsm pot p 0010! 1820 Fouqué Amom: & Co.

g % LILLE p01: p color 1729 F. Boussemart

KREUSSEN ... pot p color 1610 Caspar Vest 1500 Ha/ns Christophe Vest ﬂ PARIS . . h p p red 1780 Dihl <9 Guerhard, Duo d’An gouléme patron Pottery and Porcelain

.7 NUB‘EMBERG ... pot p blue = 1667 George I/tebolt

DELFT De dre'i porcele'y'ne Fleschjes pot ~p blue ' 1764'

(The 3 porcelain bottles) Hugo Browwer

NUREMBEEGNAPLESDELm‘ Jam Jan zoon > Kwyblbh pot imp

moi p 17—

pot p blue 1680

H "l u“ 7) 1| )1

Noammnmne Ha/na Kra/at pot p blue 15—

STRASBOU’RG & FRANKENTHAL pot p blue 17— Pout Hartmmg & h p & inc 7 » .mrkI-s

GUBBIO H .3. eknewew§ Hiqaolltto Rombariotti

Srmsnouxo & FRANKENTHAL Hannong

FRANKENTHAL & STRASBOURG ‘ J. ($- P. Hannong

NEVERB Jacques Seigne 17—

NIEDEBVILLEB 1802 Lamfray

anucn (P) 176—

Puma Gros Caillou I _1773 54 Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES 51! p blue 1753 The letter indicates the date See Se'wes

“- " hp p blue 1814 Louis XVIII.

Mows'rmas Olery pot p 0010:

REGENSBERG or Ratisbon hp p blue

Cor.on p blue

HEREND ... hp p blue 1839 Maurice Fischer

DELF'I‘ De Metaale Pot (The Meta] pot p blue

Pot) Marks. 5 5

we FAENZA . mod p 154

W “' '" N I! i, \W‘

W n In on n n

Umamo mad p 15— N'icolo d‘ Urbino haStho DELFT pot p blue 1680 Q K le'yuove’n ISM I Unamo maj p 15— I- ’ Orazio Fontcma,

CLIGNANCOURT h p at red 1775 26") {1” Monogram of the patron Louis 9‘, Stam'slas Xam'er Comte (a Provence

Dunn . pot p 16— (7) Philip Wouvermam 56 Pottery and Porcelain

ngeggeed DELFT pot p blue ' 1680 J. Pynaker, O. Keyser o A. P'ynaker

DELFT pot p blue 1764 De Romeyn (The Roman) \4 Peth 'van Meemm

DELFT pot ,, ' 1691 P van der Briel

DELF'I‘ .. pot p blue 1764 De porceleyne Fles (The por celain bottle) Pieter ran Doorrw

SEVRES h p color 1792 Re'publique Franeaise & S p

GUBBIO maj p 16— (t) Salimberw

Couumoox DALE .. h p '1861 Caughley Swansea 4' Nantgarw ' Marks. 57

ﬂ DELF'I pot p blue 165-— Sa/muel Piet Roerder

$ DIRUTA mag' p I6—

; CAFFAGGIOLO maj p 15—

a a I ,9 ,’ I,

L ) ST. AMAND pot p 175 Fauquez

3Q STOKE-ON-TRENT h p p blue 179— M M'inton or red

. 1} CASTELLI maj p 17— ' Sa/uerio Grue

DELFT pot p blue 1580 kw? Suter van der E've'n Pottery and Porcelain

SCHAFFHAUSEN Tobias Stim'mar pot p color 1660

DELFTFAENZA Antoni .. . Ter Hmnpelin maj 15—

fifizfl§$$$ pot p blue 1650

NEVERS Tite Ristori pot p color 1850

DELFT Jan ran der Kloot Jan Zoon pet p blue 1764

DELFT .. .. pot p blue 1580 0 l (P) Van der Even eéﬁz'e ,9 n. "

PESARO (P) Giovanni Vejaso maj 15—

MARSEILLEB Veuve Perrin pot p black 1760 Marks. 5 9

"R URBINO muj p blue 16—

DELFT pol; p blue 1764 “D (1’) ann der Does

= a MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

CHINA h p p blue Nankin ware

NAMES. w. Adm, TUNSTALL pot imp 1780

Astbury. SHELTON ... pot imp 17—

Elliot), " pot imp 1750

Bgiiign‘l' LANE END pot imp 18—

Bul 99“?“ FAENZA ... mod p 15— in, Guam 372735,?“ W oacns'rm h p pr 1807 6o Pottery and Porcelain

Enoch Booth: TUNSTALL pot ' imp 1750

p wBra/Imelda SWJNfron h P pr red 1807 &pot

DELFT Verboom painter pot p color 1680

BPATbEB'b ST. PETERSBURG hp pr colon 1v827 KOPHHAOBBIX'JS Korneloﬂski Brothers

ammo/r SWANSEA hp p color 178— iiOIardMCho ffer: LIVERPOOL pot p color 1751

Chamberlain. WORCESTER hp p color 178 & imp

GMld. TUNSTALL pot 1763

Christian. Lrvmwoon pot imp 1765

60W _Cou.rmoox DALE hpr p blue 1787 ' l Marks. 61

.—-,-—-._. -.___..__

Copeland. STOKE-ON-TRENT hp imp 1847 & pot Copeland and Garrett, 1833 Copeland, late Spade, 18417

Dagoty. PARIS hp p red 179—

Davenport. Loneron'rPlums...FAENZA (P) pot imp 1793

Dihl. hp p red 1780

bONﬁIORSIO maj 1489 1e39

Dunn De porceleyne Schootel (The pot p blue 1764

\Dléilv porcelain plate) J. 'van Dunn

Eastwood. HANLEYBmwmm'. pot 179

Elers. pot ' imp 1690

Feuillet. hp p red 179 62 Pottery and Porcelain

Flight. WORCESTER. hp p color 1783

Flight 7} Barr n 1793

Flight, Barr & Barr. ,, .u ,, 1807

K DELFT T. Fortuyn (Fortune) pot p blue 1691 ZlCAm an: P van der Breil

Moscow Galena. Fabrica Gospodina hp imp’ color 18— (I) l‘ & pot TyAI/IHA The Factory of our Lady)

Moscow Gardner hp imp 17— I'APM'IE P'b

Ginori. Doccu Sp imp 1735

' [fm'emi NAPLES Giustiniani Brothers maj imp 1?, I‘QN Grainger, Lee WORCESTER. hp p red 1800 & Co. GRATAPAGLB muj FE :TAVR TURIN (so attributed) p 17—

Guerhard et PARIS ... .1.. be st red 1780 Dihl. Marks.

Hackwood. LANESHELTON END pot imp

Harley. pot mm 1809 &hp Heath. DERBYLIVERPOOL pot ﬁlm 1760 lIe'rcuZaneu/m. imp 1796

T. 4- J.Holl'ins. Summon pot imp 18—

Housel. PARIS “ De la reine ” hp p color

A.&E.Keel'ing. TUNSTALL pot imp 1770

KiEB'b KIEF pot p color 178— I 5

Hans/1’ I'duf NUBEMBERG pot p color 1578 1578

Lakin & Poole. HANLEY pot imp 177—

J. Lockett. LANE Em) pot imp 17—

Mason’s HANLEY, Lane Dolph near Ironstone pot pr color 1813 China. o4 ' Pottery and Porcelain

E. Mayer. HANLEY pot imp 177

May’ &Newbﬂ‘. LANE END pot imp or 18— pr color

T_ Maven Sroku-ou-TBENT... pot imp 182

Mm-gh. ‘ HANLEY pot imp 178

B06 “95"? STOKE-ON-TRENT ... h p pr 18— Farcelam WWW

Nash PARIS h p st red 1783

New)“ HANLEY .. pot Imp 178

Neale. " ' - PM? imp 177G

Neale & Cc, " - -- n a, 1778

)W , Nuw DELFT ... pot p blue 1651

' Pennington LIVERPOOL h p unp & 1760 &V pot p color Lonerom‘ pot imp Phillips. l Marks. 6 5

Phillips & Co. SUNDERLAND pot pr color 1780

B. Plant. LANE END pot imp 177—

Moscow .. h p p color 1830 HOIIOBbl A Popoﬂ:

pom/at & PARIS h p p red 1773 ltussinger. De la Courtille

Reid <9 00. LIVERPOOL .. h p imp 175

Rockingham. SWINTON pot imp 1757 & h p

Sadler&Green. LIVERPOOL .. pot pr color 1756 & h p '

William Sans. BURSLEM pot imp 167-}

“Na! SEVRES s p at red 1803 S Ewes National Factory

Mlméﬁ ’7 h p st red 1806 desev‘rei Imperial Factory 66 Pottery and Porcelain.

Jm Szvmzs .. s p p color 1792 Republic

Shaw. LIVERPOOL pot imp 170—

It. Shawe. BURSLEM .. pot imp 173—

Shorthose. HANLEY .. pot imp 1770

Shorthose & ,, . pot imp 18— Heath.

T. SNEYD. ,, pot imp 18—

SPODE, STOKE-O N-TREN'I.‘ pot imp 1770 h p p red Steel. Bone:me Pot’ imp ls—

.»8’2'8377/ DELFT .. pot p 1650 THA'KI ,, pub p 1764.

wHoMAg BURSLEM ... pot in relief 1670 T01? T Also Ralph Toft

TURNER. LANE END pot imp 1276 67

Wﬂaalc' DELFT .. {Jot 1660

1769 %) W1)!” 7! pot 1769

Voyez. Common pot imp 1773

Aaron Wood. Bunsmm I! pot imp 1750 '

Enoch Wood. pot imp 1783 lVoocl d! 1790 Caldwell. ’1

WEDcwoon. ,. h P 175— & pot chdgwood 11 1768 Bentley. $7

Wedgwoodg-Co Fconrnnmez 11 p & pot

NUMERAL. CAuommY There are many other numerals hp p blue 177

thus pencilled, to resemble Oriental marks 68 Pottery and Porcelain

l MALTA... pot '18—

4i NEVERB pot p color

O PLYMOI'TH h p p blue 176— This mark, the sign of Jupiter, Q] i is often considered as 2, 4 I. joined

‘2 ST. CLOUD pot p color 1700 B B J. B. Chicannoau

‘8 DELFT pot

____ ‘ é ORB. BERLIN h p [1 bl no 1830 KPM | I; 1 SAVONA maj 1'. L 5 Marks.

A GUBBIO Luaj cg. ¢| ORIENTAL. CHINA hp p blue %c%%rare e l 011] N ankin ware. Sacred axe

Precious things. Instru u ments of writing

Kwei, or emblems of in Mandarin 7O Pottery and Porcelain

% CHINA Instrument used as a. tuning hp p blue fork

i595 1m)? DELFT In imitation of the ‘ six mark ’ pot p blue 18—

OVAL. ANDENNES B. Lammens 49' CO. pot imp 18—

Uzcs Francois Pichon pot imy

(?) On VENICE modern ware ma.) 18—

MONTET Lanrjorois pol; .mp 18—

PEBARO AND r'AENZA moi lo— Marks. 7 |

’@;‘ PESARO AND FAENZA maj p 15

VAL sous MENDON’ pot imp 179 Mittenhoﬂ" rs- Monrot & PT

COLOGNE pot. p blue 16—

PALETTE. PARIS .._ h p p gold 18-— \ Schlossmacher I

PICKAXE. R LEEDS pot p color 1770

PIPE. x ARNSTADT pot p color 176—

‘ ' n m n h n

% VINCENNEF . h p ,, 178

\ 2 Pottery and Porcelain

ROSE. @ CAUGIILEY ... .. b p p color 179!) J. Rose & CO.

9 DELFT pot p blue 176; @ De Roos (the Rose), Dirk van der Does

@ n I, m ,1 'I II DVD

SCEPTRE. BERLIN h p p blue 176*

i g, ...... n- n n I'

SHELL OR HELMET. “% CHINA 11 p p blue Marks 73

élcrmemiﬁéi CHINA .. h p p blm

" u. -u u- “ n

SHIELD. ANSPACH b p p blue 1718

NYMPHENucno h p imp 1758

SAVONA maj p 16— Sometimcs with initials G. A. G., (7) Gian Anto. Guillo bone, G. S. 4' B. C'.

,, Girolamo Salomono 74 Pottery and Porcelain

SAVONA maj 16—

DELFTVOLKSTADT pot p red

hp p color 1762

15— TURIN And Shield alone with Cross. mej

Arms of Savoy

VlENNA hp imp or 1774 p blue

SHI P. COBRIDGE pot p blue 18—

SQUARE MARKS. CHINA For other Square Marks, see hp p blue

Oriental, used also by VVORCESTER. and DRESDEN Marks. 7 5

r3] DRESDEN‘ .. l1 p { blue 17— Imitatton Oriental

g ,, On Bb'ttger ware n h 11 AH

“ URBINO maj p 15— "I ‘91-: Orazio Fontana

.2 ,, ,, In Greek Characters ., ,, ,,

STAR. * DocCIA s p p color 1735

* N OVE h p p gold or 1750 color

9]/\_ DELFT pot p red 76 Pan”), and Porcelain

SUN.

ST. CLOUD pct pblue 1702 &sp

SAVONA .. .v. 1‘15 .- 16—

A —

>S< SWORD. CAUGHLEY h p g qun 1750

x DRESDEN ... h p p blue 172 L)

.. u .. 1730 Marks. 77 ___'._.__‘ “

DRESDEN be p blue 1770

19 Marcolini Manager 1796 71%

on White Porcelain—for

Sale " 17— scratched through Iz>< . on imperfect pieces ><|l><| 7? Pottery and Porcelain

$ DRESDEN h p go blue 1750 é Brith Manager

74 M n m ... ,,

B ELBOGEN ll p mp 1810

.W_ MONTREUIL ,, p blue 18— Tinet

+ i '4 TOURNAY s p p gold 175* or blue .y

T (P) CAUGHLEY h p p blue 177 Attributed to Worcester

Woncms'rua o p p blue Marks. 79

\|b A WORCESTER s p 11 blue \7—

TABLE. CHINA . h p ;.

..3 ,, ... .. , ,

W ,, imitated by DERBY ,, w

/. TOWER.

TOURNAY s p |- blue [75 80 Pottery and Porcelain

E VINCENNES 59 p color 17~—

TRIANGLE. Bow, CHELSEA & DERBY sp& p gold 80 17— color & imp & inc

BRISTOL an 11p imp 18— & bis

$0®> _ DOOOIA 51‘ p gold 1735 & imp

K OEzEc hp p blue 1803

N YMPHENBE no hp p blue 1753

QUIMI’ER ... pot imp 1809 Hulaudie‘:c Marks. 8|

TRIDENT. ‘e-E BOW A p p blue 173

59— ” III to n n ’1

HR Ea‘lj’ﬁ: ,, the triangle imp k. ,, ,, .v‘ “"

LP CAUGHLEY h p p blue 17—

CArFAGIOLo maj ,, 15 % Also attributed to Faenza 4' Gubbz'o

SWANSEA SWANSEA h p imp 18—

And one trident

VASES. BRISTOL ... b p pr blue 18— The Cross imp

JAPAN ...... h p imp 18— color 82 Pottery and Porcelain

15 2,5‘ 0 a Gunmo maj p blue 15— ﬂ :3"

WINDMILL.

X CLIGNANCOURT .. _ e8 hp ; color 1’775 Varies greatly Majolica. 8 3

MAJOLICA.

THE manufacture of Italian Pottery—generally known as Majolica or Rafl'aelle ware—was f01 many years under the patronage of the ‘Urbino family, and was principally carried on at Urbino, Gubbio, Pesaro, Oastel Durante, Faenza and Diruta. The were is coarse and bad, but it is valued for the decorations, which are from designs by Rafi'aelle, Michael Angelo, Guilio Romano, and other great masters ; and some are thought to be painted with their own hands. Marryat says: “It was the usual custom for the Artists to write the title of the subject, in blue characters on the back of the dish, but rarely to affix their names and place of abode.” The examples given will, it is hoped, be sufficient for the identification of such marks as may be met with in duplicate, those that are given in type are too large for engraving in a small handbook. 84 Pottery ana’ Porcelain.

MAJOLICA.

BAssANo, Venetia 1540 M Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi and B°- T erchj

CAFFAGIOLO, Tuscany 1507 The ordinary mark is thus made, it is S. P. in t monogram, sometimes the P is alone given. heiggml. ,, The trident is used both with and without above. The name is also signed In Gafugolo ,, *5

$ ,, This mark is also attributed to Faenza and Gubbio ... u

G ,, (P) for Gafagiolo ...... ,

42A ,, ... ,, Majolica. 8 5

.524. > CASTEL DURANTE, Urbino founded 1361 The earliest known date is 12 Sep., 1508 a" grab“ Sebastiano d' Marforio signs and dalcs a piece in 1519 mm“ Francesco Durantino ,, n 1533

FaitoinBotega ,, The Chevalier Piccolpasso was director of a di Piccohmsso factory about 1550

Diyagilostilslil ., On Modern Ware, in imitation of the old .. , ,

w CASTELLI, Naples 14— So attributed by Passeri 16—

,, Saver'io Grue. Also initials and name 17—

L' G. P. ,, Luigi Grue ... ,, ,, Fra°~ Ant°~ Grue ...... 1722

G. Rocca di Castelh', 1732. " "' "32

Gentih' P. ,, nu ...... 17—

. l S 4 5“ Indaufa DIBUTA, Papal States 15— “R‘gw‘i Other varieties of this signature are found '5: 86 Potlery and Porcelain. jnlh’ru-K" '5 5 4 DIBUTA, Papal States ... M 15—

¢ ,’ I" "I ‘0! '0.

$ ,, Given by Darcel as a mark of this factory ,,

MSW-anamoth FAENZA mermcmus HONOREM-DHCT On one of the earllest - pleces . of MaJohca, 0 - known 1475 VECXT'FIERFAWLY] how-3:?8h ‘ ,, (P) Gubbio. Supposed to be Maestro Giorgio 14—

E -$\\ ,, Man y varieties of the letter F are found D!

FataI (J in Faenz P t n, ,, Casa Piroto—The name of a factory of n 'awa, £10 a I Fnenza 15— Majalica. 87

I FAJENZA

And without the circle .. ... 15—

® ,, Also attributed to Pesaa‘o _ , _,_ ”

w ,, Many other varieties of this mark are found ,,

Balga am Also initials B. M. 154‘ I, WLCL’IIQYOL

And (P) B Baldasa/ra without the T 9! Pottery ana Porcelain.

FAENZA Attributed to Baldasara

F. R. ,, In a square, and initials only no "

1 FLORENCE, Tuscany 1 Luca della Robbia and his family made their famous ware here until about 1560 D L- "1'29 This mark and another, LR FA, 1454, is attributed TAcaBAT to Luca, but both are very doubtful

F. ,, A late mark on ﬁne pottery ... . 17—

El n ,, (P) for Fire'nze ... ‘ ,_

F0121! Also without date. and with signature 15— Fata in Forli, of 1542. Leucadius Solambrmus, 1555

I L1 Botega d M0 Jero da u u. Forli. Majolim. 8 9

GENOA 15— The beacon is well known, it varies very much

. . $7 //’ ,, Gwen by Demmm ... -.. 16

GUBBIO, Urbino 14— Giorgio Andreoh', afterwards known as Maestr Giorgio, ﬁrst used the beautiful metallic lustre which caused the Gubbio were to be so valued

g _., Also ascribed to him. .. n

u n n- In N. 1519 90 Pottery and Parcelain.

Bk' Guano—Maestro Giorgio a 6? \I BA, Merchants’ mark... 1528 humane“? I72." I51 1 ,5 ° ,, ... .0. 1532

. 0 M ¢ ,, With merchants’ mark 15—

O m'g n 0.0 m ... "- ,,

9 o

0 "7% ,, Attributed to Maestro aim» .. ... ,,

15;? k, ‘ ,, Vincentio or Ceucio, son of M°~ Giorgio w Majolica. 9 :

I 5 7’ GUBBIO N Also N. G. 15—

’.‘3 ,, (P) Maestro Perestino. Also signature in full ,,

i ,, (P) Salimbem ... m ... 16—

% ,, (P) Hipollito Rombarioth' ... -- ,,

F B ,, (P) Rovigo ...... 15— I 5' 3 6

M. A. I. M. ,, 7!

i1 Loni, Lombardy . \ 16— lﬁl‘l I764 And with the initials only 92 Pottery and Porcelain

$567M!» MILAN, Lombardy ... m a... 17— FBEC And name only 0'2. 13 a8, .- ». a. a ,, 415/: no

G. R. ,, On modern pottery ... .. 18—

11 . ] MONTELUPO, Tuscany .,, a 16— 1627. Vuriously written M“ LP" 1639. ,, With signature Raﬁaello Girolamo

,, Given by Jacquemart p black In“. (P) Wolf’s brush modern

NAPLES ... .— an 15—

,, Crown of various shapes, some times B. C. 16— Majalim. 9 3

NAPLES. N ,, And Ferdinando del Vecchio Napoll' imp in full 17—

H . F SO attributed

(I."iutm Giustiniam' Brother: imp 17—

& p color

,, And in outline ... p blue 17—

P d PADUA, Venetim .,. ... l5— “ “‘1' With date,1548

A. Padoa. ., ,, 1563 94 Pottery and Porcelain.

In Pesarm PESABO ... a. 13— With dates, 1542 to 1765

FattoinPesaro ,, ,, ...... 15—

X. p ,, Doubtful

VFO ,, (e) Giovanni Vejaso 1542

Rawm RAVENNA ' Between two ﬂourishes .E, .‘ 16

In Arimin lenx .. .. 15— 1535- ' Stiﬂiy written

In Rimino 1535_ ,, . . 1535

Fato in Arimz'nensis ,, ... ,h 1635 1635.

Faito in Roma da Gionpavlo ROME ... 16 91111an Pcncilled in oval ... 1000 M.D.O.

In Roma. ,, Pencilled and impressed '90 Majolica.

Bonn. 16-—

Sworn, ,, (i’)Girolamo Guidobono Genoa Salomone .1. ... 16-—

16—

-o “q "I

With initials G. A. G. (Gian Ant‘f. Guidobono) and G. S. (Salomone) & B. C. ()6 I Pottery and Porcelain.

@' SAVONA, Genoa

LL 6 n u. ... .i. ... -

Fala'iSiena. S‘ENA’Tuscany "' 15— With signatures of M0 Benedetto

BM Terese ,, Ba/rtolomeo Terenzt'o Romano 1727 Roma.

F 0 ,, Also m monogram Ferdinando Maria ' ' Ca/m/pam' 1733

TREVISO, Lomad-dy 15-— Trem'so. In circle ... ,,

N. ,, So attributed ,,

5 4;; Tmtm, Piedmont 15

And Shield alone with Cross. Arms of Savoy M/yolim. 97

Falta'inTo'rino TURIN, Piedmont ... 1577

Fabrica Reale di Torino 1737.

SWAP/4.61.“ ,, So attributed ... FELTAVR

URBINO .153 |. . [Ix/w" Francesco Xanto Avelli da Rovigo p colour

ITvrél‘DOI

I, 31 fiàaquqg u fl 'Pilrfino ‘

R93:

H139 )6

,, X in blue, N in red lustre, probably Vicentio's 264*) max-k II OO \O ‘ Pottery and Porcelain.

0‘ 12$ N Unsure .. ’§> Francesco Xanto Avelti

. \FI a. .9. ,, Orazio Fontana ... --° § ‘4

Q ,, ,, Urbi'no Fec'it v .

E n u In Greek characters v

' 0 v 2.HM / ,, A similar mazk dated 1549

,, Nicola d’ Urbino. About .. also signed Niculd‘di V. p 5: 5.“ May'olz'ca. 99

URBINO Nicole (1’ Urln'no 15— Ge'ronimo Vrbino, with date 1583

T. R. F. ‘ 1587_ k u,, Also with initials - E F B,n dated “- ... 1594

F. G. O. ,,

,, Alfonzo Patanazzi. Also name in full 1606

AP Q U -- » ~- ~

)5? . hp . ,, Francesco Patanazzt. . Also namc in. full .. 1608 1 5'7 ,, Vicenzio Patanazzt', aged 12 years 1619

g ,, (P) Iruca Cambiasi, of Genoa ... 16—

B. F. V. F. ,. (P) Battista F'ranco Urbini Fecit ... ,,

W ” n~ an m s“ I {OO Pottery a'zd Porcelain

Unano 16—

,, Also attributed to Faenza, ... ,7

VENICE Vcnczia. is also written in full 1545

,, Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Bertolim', too confused to be made clearer

,, A well-known mark, with many variations 17—

,, Doubtful m ... .. 1'7

,, 011 modern ware ... _. 18— Fartories. l OI

FACTORIES.

ALTENROLHAU near Carlsbad, Germany pot imp 1829 Pa" N' A. Nowotny, Direclnr & h p

g“ Ams'rnL,Oude,nearAr sterdam, 'I mdlz Holland h p p blue 1782

Amsran, Niewer h p p blue 18—

AMSTERDAM, Holland h p p blue 1772

II n n n W

ﬂ ,, A. Daeuber, Director ,, a 178—

102 Potter) and Porcelain

“ My 5, Q AMSTERDAM, Holland pot pcolor 1780 ‘ Hartog & Brandeis

ANDENNES, France pot imp 18— hggfédw B. Lammens & Co.

0" - II I! n NW i, I, A. Der Vander Ww'rt

ANSPACII, Bavaria. h p p blue 1718 And other varieties of the A.sometimeslikecrossed swords

,, The Eagles and Shields ,, D vary very much, and sometime: on used without the letter Factories. I o 3

»<\ ® ANSPACH h p p blue 1718

,, And FBANKEN'IHAL n ,, ,, J. A. Hannong

@ APREY, France pot p black 1750

A II I! N. I" I, I, 1’

>< ARNSTADT, Germany pot p color 176—

' x ‘ n n '- '1 u I,

A R AREAS, France B p p blue 1782

DADEN-BADEN, Germany h p p gold > 1753 Widow Sperl - or 0010; 104. Pottery and Porcelain

BADEN-BADEN, Germany ... h p p gold 1753 Widow Sport or color

is " ~-- 7) ,1 n

'llaijre'uﬂ t Bamnu'rn, Bavaria ... pot p black 15— if J'loe)

BE » n ... pot D blue 15—

(1?: " ” ... h p p 1744

BERLIN, Paussu. Established by W. G. Wegeley, in 1751, and purchased by Frederick the Great, in 1763. Pott, a chemist at this factory, claims the invention of transfer printing on porcelain.

BERLIN, Prussia. ,, Wegeley ...... h p p blue 1751 Factories. 1 o 5

BERLIN, Prussia ,, Royal Factory. Many forms of sceptre h p p blue 176

” ll - n n 'n

n n - 0 n n

,, Konigliche Porzellen M'anufactur ... ,, n 1830

n ,, t p I 1850 This Eagle is also used by Schuman, of Moabit, with name:

,, Frequently painted in green or gold over the seeptre mark, on damaged pieces ,, ,, 13" 106' Poltery and Porzelzzin

Bonmmux, France h p p color 18 Lahens & Rateau

BOURG-LA-REINE, France a p p blue 1773 & pot

n n ~-- 11 p w u

,, Le Chappelel ,, ... n P

BOW. This factory was established about 1735, but did not become celebrated until many years later.

Bow ... ap pblue 173

'z i I I Factories. ~ I 07 boil??? Bow p blue 173 7) The form and position p red n of the sword vary & gold

The triangle has long been iznp .. considered a Bow mark, me but recent researches p gold have rendered it doubt & color ful, it is often hard to say if it is a Bow 01 Triangle, the latter is now proved to have been used at CHELSEA and DERBY sel§ Triangle, imp ... p nlue ,,

1) H

A. B. F. G. & K. are also n g found, probably work men’s marks

N Also BRISTOL ... 108 Pottery and Porcelain

ELERS BRADWELL pot imp 1690

BRISTOL 4' >o( Founded by Richard h p p color 1772 Champion

I ,, And other imitations of Oriental marks ,, ,, ,,

B n m n- n n n

B 7 n I" .u n n

,, The cross impressed h p pr blue 18—

1' w - a: imp n 80 biscuit

,, For Tebo, the modeller. To Many other workmen’s marks are found ,, inc 17— Factories. I 09

ffw‘tte'defiouelo BRUSSELS, Belgium h p p color 1791 mfifluowg/iy/ L. Crette'

L CI n u ~-~ H. n P u n

% n "- u- ,, p n 18-—

;UHOMAg Boasmm, Staﬁ'ordshire 'l‘oF '1' And Ralph Taft pot in relief 1670 William Sans. ,, ,, imp 167—

WEDowoon. R. Shawe. ,, .- 1| 1)

Wedgwood. H i l l y 175—

W .aBquLILFZZZ. 01 d & ” "‘ H n 1768

Aaron Wood. ,, n ,, 17 5—

Enoch Wood. ,, ,, ,, 1783 Caldwell. W oool do ~ " " 179° 18“— Steel. l 10 Pottery and Porcelain

BUEN RETIRO (Madrid), Spain s p p color 176— Attributed to Royal & pot "‘ Factory, Charles 111., m- but probably LUDWIos none

,, The Capo di Monte mark is found on early pieces ,, ,, "

ﬁ-D n manly "j 0 1| 0

(Jean, France h p p red 1793 c aen Also in capitals

“A F R4 CALDAS, Portugal pot imp 18— v? Mafra, maker. Imitations CALDAS of Palissy ware PORTUGAI CAPO DI MONTI, Naples s p p blue 1736 m w And various other forms > of Fleur de lys

\lgl ,, Ferdinand IV, patron ,, p red 1759 or blue N d: imp. Factories. I I I

CAPO m MONTI, Naples w ,, This factory has success 1‘: fully imitated old ma jolica s p p color 1759

L% ,, Ferdinandus Rel ... ,, peolor 1780

* CASEMENE, France pot imp 18— Laﬁe'ckere and Pailtaird

D- D- 8" 00' CASTLEFORD, near Leeds pot imp 1790 CASTLEFORD POTTERY_ D. Dunderdale

CAUGHLEY, Shropshire h p p blue 1750 g Established in 1750, by Brown, taken in 1772 mom“ by Thomas il‘uwmr.

,, Crescent marked thus is pblue often mistaken for D .D and attributed to Duesbury of DERBY.

” n- as I [2 Pottery and Porcelain

S X CAUGHLEY, Shropshire h p p blue 1750

TURNEB- ,, ... h p imp 1772 & pot LP ” h p p blue 17—

K ,, ... .. ,- ,, 4‘ . F g,‘ ,, And other numerals thus WL/ \ treated, to resemble @ oriental marks n P blue 177-

T . ,, (7) Turner, attrlbuteol lo WORCESTER ,, n n

9 ,, Rose 4' Co. u- I! ll color 1799

w CHANTILLY, France s p p blue 17“}; Also with name and imp Factories. l 13

CHELSEA.

This factory, established in the 17th century, acquired little celebrity until about 1750, when the modelling and beauty of the paste rendered its productions equal to those of any foreign factory.

CHELSEA s p imp 174.

" l» q. ,, p gold 174 leacheé~@ 1710 best quality in gold or red

u "' m n n n

. u- u n I, II

I, ‘I I“ ll n n

n .0 .\ OI I, I

114. Pottery and Porcelain

CHELSEA And with name infnlt s p p gold 1745 or red do imp

CLIGNANCOURT, This varies nearvery much Paris h & s p p color 1775

VD ., Monogram of the Patron, h p at red ‘1N Louis Stanislas Xavier, ;>*> at F4; Comte ole Provence

,, Porcelaine de Monsieur II I. 1780

6W Connrom, or COALBROOK h 9 p blue 1787 DALE, Shropshire

,,II And 0'. Dale * IQ. ea. ’I II

'I .9

18— @@ .7 U“ 0.1 II \ th‘lﬂl’iﬂ. I I5

0 COALPORT, or Cousnoox - DALE, Shropshire ,, h p p blue 18—

,, Caughley, Swansea, Nant- ,_ .1861 9am, united 182-1

Yo'yez. COBRIDGE, Staﬂ'ordshire pot imp 1773

evlnéo @ H COLOGNE, n Germany u -n pot n p; blueblue 1589

15%;» RVE .. 16— ' l Pottery and Porcelain

COLOGNE, Germany pot p blue 16—

,, Cremer ,, ,, 17-

Given by M. Demmin.

,, B. M. L. \V., 1573.

,, B. V., 1574. M. G., 1586. _, F. T., 1559. M. 0.

,, F. V. 0.,1543. S. M.

,, I. E., 1539. W. R.

,, I. R., 1588. W. T.

,, K°~ R., 1598.

M COPENHAGEN, Denmark h p ,, 1772

H The Sound and great and little Belts

,, ...... ,, p color 0' % Factories. 117

01mm, France pot imp 178 Also with monogram 0 Stone-Coquerel and Le Gros of Paris

Drum, Germany h p p blue 17—

DELFT, HOLLAND Potteries were established here at a very early date, it is said that ﬁne ware was produced in 1480, nothing certain is known before 1611», when a patent was granted to Claes Janssén Wytman’s, for making porcelain, probably ﬁne pottery. it DELFT, Holland ,, The ALPHA De Griekse A. Mark registered 1764 “M .7. T. Dewtram‘Dikstraat pot p blue +3 F! U " ... m n n Fl 118 Pottery and Poreeloin

DEX DELFT, Holland ... pot [1 blue 1764

Z:DE)C ! Zoon Deztra ... 0 ,, 1765

On ware with same pat 'q terns asihat with ﬁrst

mark ... .. H n

ulwlrr! The works were carried on by Jaooblls H alder Adriens Zoon in 1765... ,9 ﬂ 9,

(P) Jacobus Halder p blue I. H. D. Cornelis van Os had the works in 1767

The AXE. De Byl ... reg 1764

Justus Brouwer ... p blue I ,,

7| I) I l 9 Factories.

Dnnrr, Holland pot p blue 1764 * Justus Brouwer. 15 This is also attributed to A. Kielle, of the White Star. 6!}; ,, ’The CLAW. De K laauw ,, ,, reg 1764 é‘p Lambertus Sanderus.

,, This niark is so 'uaried ,, ,, ,, (7*) that it is usually “ 1m ’8 0 known." It has been called The Grifﬁn!

9, I. .' i! II ’I / 8 0

’7 ,k M I' I) ". I. I, I. [9 2' Z)

O _n K ,, The DOUBLE Prrcunn.

Dc Dubbelde Schenkkan ﬂ 1764 Thomas Spaandoncle... 120 Pottery and Porcelain

, DELFT, Holland %%w mm or FORTUNE T’ Fortuyn... pot p blue reg 1691 Pieter van der Briel

xiotujt ,, n In M n n to W ,. .. t. n .. \D

WVDB ., Weduwe v. d. Brtel. ,, N 1764

.‘l'. H. F. Int. Fortuyn. " --- 9,

,, The GOLDEN Boer. In I' D‘ A' der vergulde Boot ,, ,, 1764 Joha/nnes oler Appel

,, TlIOGOLDEN FLownnPo'r. De BkaOt- De vergulde blompot ,, U 1764 P. Verberg Factories. l 9. I

DELFT, Holland THAR'I' TheHendrik HART. Ivan T’Middeldijk Hart pot p blue reg 1764

vao ,, ,I

The METAL Po'r 1639 MP De Metaale Pot

PieterLanlbertus Paree Cleﬂlus n n ,, 1764

TheIn t’ old oude Moon’s Moriaans HEAD Hoﬁ't (M? ,1 ’i

Geertruy Verstelle I: U

The young Moon’s HEAD ,1 ‘I E. B. S. T’jongue Moriaans Heft Widow of Pieter Jan 0. d. Hagen

Probably a. mark of one or p color other of these factories " we The Pmcocx. De Paauw p blue .. 1651 Jacobus de Milde ,, 1761

23? 9| 122 Pottery and Parcelaz'n.

Pam” ‚ N DELFT, ,‚ Jacobus Holland de Milde m pot ;. blue 1761

I-D'M n n I" " n n *\

if: LB— „ (2) Cornelis Boumeesícr „ „ 17 L—

P "a ,, The Poncnmm Bom‘m: reg 1761 ‘ De Porceleyne Fles ——-' Pieter van Doome

n u f!

The PORCELAIN PLATTER De Po’rcele‘yne Schootel Johannes van Duyﬂ. m

h, The ROMAN De Romeyn Petrus van Memm ...

n „— Factories. I 2 3

DELFT, Holland w „ Jan mm derK'loot Ja’nzoon pot p blue 1764 took the factory

@ ,, The ROSE ' ... mg 1764 De Roos DWD ,‚ Dirk van der Does ... „ u n

ĳ n n n 0 u n ‘l

„ The THREE BELLS De drie klokken (P ,, W. van der Does ... w ,, u „ (P Q This ’uaries so much that it 1': often I L “ unknown " ‚‚ n ’ 4

ﬁ ,' b“ ‘ l j, n >I1

W Doubtful ... - i, r. IQ 124. _ Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland ,, The THREE PORCELAIN reg1764 BOTTLES De drie Por celey’ne ﬂeschjes 11B ,, Hugo Brouwer pot p blue ,,

Ham-en. ,, The THREE PORCELAIN 9! ‚I II H BARRELS De drie Por cele’yn asloî’men

,‚ Hendrick van Hoorn ... ‚l I, ‚l

‚‚ The Two Stars „ ‚‚ De twee Sheepjes R „ Ant. Pe‘nm‘s m ‚‚ I.‘ n

„ The De Two twee WILD wildemams Mm: 71 N

e, Widow of Willem van u n n Beek

‚, The WATER CA2: ‘. . (l) K De Lampetka‘n ‚, Widow of Gerardus Brouwer „ ‚. ‚.

L P Kan u n “- u I. u Factories. 125

DELFT, Holland The WHI'i‘E STAR reg 1764 De witte star A Kielle pot p blue @ng§~?.<* H

U ,, ~00 '.I 0'

Q. 9, c0

0. 000 I‘

79 I, 0..

,, And other variations Ii

(?) Van der Bosch 1774 9’

Berghem ... m w. n m 1 26 I Pattery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland B ,, Isaak Brouwer „. p blue 1750

8 ,, (P) Van der Does ‚.. n

L Ĳ „ (P) Van Dammelar ... K

,, Suter van der Even .„ n 1580

Ml V n ‘Ü - I r

M „ so altrwuted bl

Q E Y „ Martinus Gouda „r. mg 1675 >2;

ä Â “ Antoni Ter Humpelin ... poolox‘ 1650 Factarz'es. I 27

l i DELFT, Holland @ 99 Q- K ie'ynoven .9. p blue reg 1680

,, Jan Kuylz'ch the younger ,, ,,

“K n N 0“ v n

2% ,, U. a. t '

n ' ' n 0" n > n

,, Johannes Meson on M .,

Comelis Keyser an ., ,, ,, é J acobus P'ynaker and Adrien Pynakcr

n n 0 g. 0‘

n n on n ” 128 Pottery and Forte/din

DELFT, Holland K ,, Keyser & Pynaker m 1) blue 1680

{\g ,, (P) Pynaker ... ,, u

.6?” ,, Jan Stee'n ,, 1650

k ,, Samuel Piet Roe'rdcr ... 1 color ,,

Wy/ltz/f “ Willem 'van der Velaie ,, 1660 JHMHM' MW ,, Abraham Verboom ... n 1630

1 6 7 9 ,, 571.6881“ "- m u

j?‘ W ,, (P) Philip Wouvermams ,, 16—

__‘u~_,4_ A‘~l ikl Factories, [29

AVH DELFT, Holland 3M27]) UNKNOWN MARKS p color 1773 1113

3:? 9 Mat;

y/lio

6-36 p rah 679 "179 9) 54".?

17473-7

QWIQ, ﬂex»,

.778? n (H I" 7.” FOTl‘l/Ill D Min 1/22. I K (4| 0 1 Pottery and Porcelain

1w DELFT, Holland UNKNOWN MAnKs .u 9 blue J18 ,, .. , K H , (P) Jan Kuylich H

KVK ‘ .. b1 173] n n I “9

ILA-\Z/‘g » ., m -.. p color

’31 ,, , ... u. p blue

I}. 52:72).“ ,, ,, u! . m p brown

R$ ,, ,,‘ p Mm

‘b-a ,, ,, ., On ware painled in the p red 17__ angle of Majolica. A“ I imitation of a Savona mark. Factories.

f DELFT, Holland -.. p red

E ,, Imitation of the “ Sim p blue 18— % mark." On warepainted. E %$ with Oriental patterns

From M. Demmin.

A D \V. A° D. M. I. G. V. R. or A. R.

A. I.1‘69' 1663. D ' V ' X ' I " 1768. ’ 1540- I. H. F. B' P G. D., 1605. 143° S. B. + + B V. S. 1702 _ 1742. ’ G. v_ M_ I. V. L, 1663. D., 154.0. s. L., 1650. J. G. D. H. N. I. _12 I. G. J' V' L' s. M., 1725.

B. 22% M. Q. v. 11., 1620. DECORATORS. Aalines. ' J. Kuwyt. O. Boumester, 1680. J. Meer. J. Dam. Meer. } Jan 11. d. M621 de mm .S'. Dam. A. Veerhart de Gouda. J. Decker, 1698. C. Zachtle'uen Fa. 1650. Heindering Waanders, 1781. Pottery and Porcelain

DERBY.

Founded in 1751, by W. Duesburg, who, in 1770, pur chased the Chelsea Works, and, in 178 L, removed the moulds and models to Derby ,- also Bow, 1776.

DERBY Duesbur'y. on 5P p red 1756

DERBY CHELSEA 5P p gold 1770 or red

'%H@@® ,, Later in lilac, then in red p gold 177..

CROWN Also DERBY without the dots— hp p red 1780 or violet El@@ with monogram D K Duesbury and Kean 1798

,, Also with g! in old English

type ... II 1780 Faetorz'es. I 3 3

$ DERBY ,, In imitation of the Se‘vres h p p red or 1798 mark , violet

iii ,, In imitation of the Chinese ,, p blue ,,

A " Probably a workman'l ,, ,, ,, mark & imp

,,,, AndStevenson in oval & Hancock ...... hh pp pr p color color } 186

Joshua Heath. ,, Cockpit Hall ... pot imp 1760

* * DochA, near Florence, Italy a p p color 1735 Various star marks

,, no u. ,, imp 8|; ,, p gold I 34. Pottery and Porcelain

GINORI. Doccm, near Florence, Italy... a p imp 1735 The founder's name The Capo dr' Monti mouldi were transferred here about 1821

DRESDEN, SAXONY The ﬁrst European Porcelain manufaclory, established by Augustus II. in 1709, under the management of Boltyer. % DRESDEN, Saxony ,, Augustus Rear, founder ll p p blue 1709

f ,, The Caduceus (sale mark) ,, ,, 1712 to 1720

m ,, Bb'ttger ware ... ,, about 1718

M I, II "' "' D, l€ II

,, And other square marks ,, ,. n in imita mm 01' Oriental Factories. 135

i \/ ' DKEE'DEN, Saxony... h P P blue 1720 \ \< Herold, manager 3 a ,, n ,, ,. 1726

“a

H u n n s m - ,g n g, ,, v _ 01739

2’85t1/6M7y

,, Brilhl, manager ... ,, ,, 1750

K_H_CV/ " "- an n n 17_

i4 ,, Meissen- porzellen manu- ,, p ._ faol'ar. Also without the swords. Pottery and Porcelain

DRESDEN, Saxony... h p p Mn: Early mark

,, Sachsiche porzellen mama ,, 1750 facmr

K o'nigliche porzellen mann- ,, 17— factnr

1;?70

25‘" Md/I‘COl'l’Il’L, manager ... ,, 1796

On white porcelain (per- ,, 9 blue 17— feet), for sale. scratched through X" 0n inwerfect piece: .. Factories. I 37

_ DRESDEN, Saxony... h p p blue 17— On imperfect piece: scratched through

% ,, On faulty table goods .. ,, ,, u

% n n m w n u

i ,l I, "‘ 9, I, H

A A modern imitation of ,, p blue 18— early mark & imp

a ELBOGEN, Bohemia. h p imp 1810

ETUURIA—see Wedgwood

WedgwoooMCb FERRYBRIDGE, near Burslem ' ,, ,, 1796 & pot r— be (ﬂ Potlery and Porcelain

FLORENCE, Italy .. “P p colcr 1580 W This varies very much , '11 ’ ® ,, The arms of the Medici l! ®@@@ @ family. Rare mark.

FRANKENTHAL, Bavaria hp p blue 1754 The arms of. Hannong of Strasbourg, removed here, 1753.

,, AlsoPaul I. Hannong A. H., in monogram I, Q00$w$ & pot; to in!

,, Carl Theodore, patron M) p blue 1761

FULDA, FiirstlickGermany Fuldaisch p blue 1763 to 1780

__., Factories. 1 3 9

-|- FULDA, Germany ... h p p blue 1763 On ﬁgures.

F FURSTENBERG, Germany h p p blue 1750

$ ,, The F varies very much... ,, ,, ,,

5 G GERA ... h p p blue 1780

g G- GOTHA H. ... b p p blue 175

R ,, Rothenborg, the founder ,, 3i ,,

% Gnosnnnrrmmcn h p p 00101‘ 1770

<%' ,, Sometimes a more ﬂourish ,, h ,, I 40 Pottery ana Porcelain

HAGUE (THE), Holland h p p blue 177— J Slork—the Arms of the Town

II I. u. I) II I'

—-- HALDENSTEBEN, ALT, Germany h p imp 17—

HANLEY E- Mayer- ,, pot imp 177

Lakin (9‘ P0019. .‘ "- m u a n

Shorthose. ,, ... no H n n

N EALE & Co. ,,9, I! ... “'u- I!" H h 1779

J & ,, Also Meigh ,, ,. 178—

NEELD. ,, In imitation of Wedgwood ,, ,, 178—

._‘1_L__ Factories. I 4. l

J. Keeling. HANLEY pot imp 179— Eastwood. ,, W. Baddeley ,, ,, ,, s'llgigng 4” ,, ,, ,, 18—

'11‘i SNEYD, ” . ,, ,, n ANLEY Mason’s Ironstone ,, Lane Dolph, near ,, pr color 1813 China. HERCULANEUM—see LIVERPOOL.

HEREND. HEREND, Hungary h p p blue 1800 Also Shield <7 Crown of Austria, 4' Shield 4' Crown of Hungary.

W ,, Maurice Fischer ,, ,, 1839

HESSE CASSEL, Germany h p p blue 1763

(-i) HESSE DABMSTADT, Germany h p p blue 1756

g (% HILDERSHEIM, Germany ... h p p blue 1760

[42 b®®%*l Pottery and Porcelain

Hecnsr, near Maycnce, Germany h p p gold 1720 The arms of the Archbishop do color of Moyence

" .v n- n n H

,, Dahl ...... pot p color 1794 & h p .75 l 53 a Kmr, Russia pot p color 178

iglrlk _ lxr'lon KIEL, Denmark .. pot p gold 177 Bachwald, Director or color Abr. Leihamerfecit $ Qﬁsl a ,, Also K. T. G ,, ,; ,,

Koaznc, Poland .. h p p blue 1803 ,, The mark 'uaries very much, and is sometimes used with the name KREUZEN, Germany pot p color 1610 Caspar Vest to 1690 Hans Christophe Vest Factories. ! 4.3

J. Lockett. i LANE END or LONGTON, pot imp 17— } Staﬁ'ordshiro TURNER. ,, ,, ,, 1762 B. Plant. ,, ,, ,, 177

gégagﬁ’l: ,, . pot & imp 1809 h D

May' ‘9 Newbd ,, Mayer

POTTERY_ LEEDS i LEEDS .. pot Imp- 1770

2 as ,, ,, p color ,,

K ,, Also with name, Hartley, ,, imp ,, Green & Co. Ulla g LILLE, France pot p color 171! D2 ,, Dorez ,, ,, 174. D is also found on soft paste. A ,, ,, ,, 17 I44 ' Pottery and Porcelain

LILLE, France pot p color 1729 F. Boussemart.

,, Petit .. 1778

My ,, Patron, The Dauphin .. hp sten & 1784 Leperre Duroo. p red

LIMBAOH, Saxe-meiningen hp 1761

wk“; p gold

n (3’) .. p ooio:

0 +6 0

\\ U LIMOGEs, France 111) p red 1773 Factoriex. I 4.5

l P eroons, France pot: p color 18' L J. Pouyat

l Lrsnou ... ,. mp 18— SHAW- LIVERPOOL -- n n 17— thhurdmt‘haffers " ,, p color 1751

SADLEB- ,, ‘Sadler claims the inven- ,, pr color 1751. tion of transferprinting & h p on pottery, 1756. SADLER a Reid GREEN. 4' Co. ,,” “' "‘ h h p ,,n 175

,, Pennington—also name pot imp 1760 1) IP infull & h p p gold or color Christian. ,, pot; imp 1765

(pm ,, Hercnlaneum pot ,, 1796 EM ,, Also name on garter round ,, pr color ,, g: a crown

\ . n ,, Case, Mort 4* 00. pet p color 1833 A liver—arms of the town.

L I46 Pottery and Porcelain

Davenport. Lonarom pot imp 1793

Lonoron'r. ,, J. Davenport ... ,, pr red 'Mgrliz’o‘P A A blurred impression of " the mark is read Liver 91 imp El; pool in mistake for Darcnport.

n pr blue 1805

,, u. " DI II 1760

Loosnnccm‘, near Amsterdam, b p p blne 1772 Holland Manufactur oude Loos drecht. Moll, director

Lawns'rom Na mark used . by factory n 175—

Lvnwmsnunc, \Vilrtcmberg h p p blue 1758 _ Initial of Duke Charles, sometimes used with out the crown Factories I 47

Lvnwrasnwno, Wiirtemberg p blue 1758 This form is also attributed to Madrid

,, An antler—from the arms I, .0 of Wilrtemberg or red

,, Also W. R. ... p blue 1806 to 1818

LUXEMBOURG, Belgium p color 1806 Boch, Director

MADRID—see BUEN RETIRO.

MALTA ...... imp 18—

R MARAHS, France ... p 0010 r 1740 Jean Pierre Roussenoq f: E E i MARIEBERG, Sweden p color 1750 E[E E 5 s Pottery and Porcelain

MARIEBEBG, Sweden ... pot p color 1759 Ehrenreich. & 5 P

I. II "' "I ,’ II I

ll II "' "' 'l 7! "

MARsEILLEs, France ... pot p color 1777 Also with C. (9' S.

,, Savy m ... :1 pr n I!

,, Veuve Perrin .. ,, pblack 1760

,, Bonnefoy .. u 0 s s ,, poolcr 1769

,. Rolled ...... h p p black 1777 7. a not Factories. I 4 9

mesan, near Dresden, Saxony pot imp 17— Bältger

MENECY VILLEROY, France n p p color 1735 Duke of Villeroy &. ino

MIDDLESBOROUGH, Yorkshire pot 13 blue 18 20, the pattern mark imp

MONTET, France ... pot imp 18— Laurjo'rois, manager

MONTPELLIER, France pot imp 18— Le chland

MONTREUIL, sous bois, France h p p blue 18— Tinet rAPhHEP'b Moscow, Russia. ... 11 p p color 17 A. Gardner

p; n n. tu n l 50 Pottery and Porcelain

Moscow, Russia ...... b p p color 1830 IIOTIOBb] A. Paper}.

A n n "' "' I) a! ,7

R n n --- m n n n

(I) I" ,, F. G. Fabr'ioa Gospodina h p imp 18— DAMHA v (The factory of our & pot color | Lady) Galena I Q l MOUSTIERS, Franco ... pct ,, 1686 Oler'y ,, p color 172

I, D "' 'u H 1, ,l

,, Fe'raud ... pot p color 178

,, Guichard ... ,, atom in ,, Also the G only dots

NANTGARW. NANTGARW, Wales ... h p imp 8:. 1813 color F actorzes. 151

NAans.—Scc Caro DI MONTI.

‘%2 Nuvrms, France pot p color 15—

$ Jacques Bourdil 1602

Denis Lefebvre 1636

Henri Borne 1689

Jacques Seigne

Francois Rodrig ue 1730

Tito Risto'ri 1850 I 52 Pottery and Porcelain

NEWCASTLE. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE pot imp 18—

NIEDERVILLER, near Sbras- h p p blue 1760 Na bourg, France & pot Baron de Beyerle', the founder

% ,, General de Custim ... ,, ,, 1786

w ,, And other varieties of the u ,, ,, I coronet

: z ,, Lanfray, director ,, sten 1802

m I, ” “' ’7 l,

NIMES, France pot ,, 183 ' Plantier Boncnurant & Co.

NOVE, Italy ...... h p p gold 1750 9K 0: color

N OVE 9% " n. O" I, I, Factories. 1 5 3 l NOVE. Italy m hp p gold 175 * 5 or color \‘élD 155© NUREMBURG, ,, Hans Kraut Germany ... pot imp 155( Hans/(law p blue 1578 ' 5 78 n

IR I. I) III Q I7 !, 5 ,, George Liebolt ,, 1667

NYMPIIENBERG, Bavaria. be imp 1758 95 The arms of Bavaria

14/ a p blue ,, 7. Q € @ NYON, Switzerland ,, 1790

(BA ,, Pierre Millhausen, painter ,, 18— 154 Pottery and Porcelain

Oron'ro, Portugal m h p p gold 1790 $21 Vista Allegra or color

MLP ,, Manr. Porto. Rocha Soares pot ,,

ORLEANS, France ... h &sp p color 1753 Gerault Daraubert ® 0 n p, ...... pot p color

Plums, France pot p blue AV? Reverend

,, Hannong. Charles Philippe, h p p blue 1769 C P Comte d’ Artois, patron.

MAP ,, Morel ... m u as 1773

,, De la Cour-title ,, ” Pour-at 4- Russinger.

>€><€ ” " "' ll I! Farlorz'es. I 5 5

l PARIS, France ... h p p color ~1773 Gros Ca€llou.

% ,, ,-, Advenir Lamarre ,, ,, ,,

H ,, P. A. Harmong ,, ,, 1773

$ Porcelaine de la Reine p red 1778 .

A ,’ 1,

' ,, Lebamf. Marie Antoinette, H ,, ,, )q’ patroness ,, Housel took the factory 1799

,, Dihl @- Guerhard ,, p rad _ 1780 Due d'Angouleme, patron

a n 0 n I! l,

Manuf"- de MM "- ,, Also the names in full- .. .. - ,, Gum-hard et Dihl a PM“ together and separate.

Nut ,, Nast ... h p at red 1783 156 Pottery and Porcelain

_I)agoty. PARIS, France Dagotg hp lira. 179 Feuillet ,, Feuillet ... is i P ,, J. Petit hp can 1, blue 1790 ,, Chanou ...I 9 red 1784 (lie

,, Schlossmacher 6" on p gold 187

PERKENHAMMER, near Carlsbad, h p p color 1802 F&R Austria Fischer <9 Reichembach

PI NXTON sP on 1794 P)”, So attributed, but the factory had no acknow ledged marks.

PLYMOUTH ,, The sign of Jupiter hp p blue 176~ Factories. 1 57

PLYMOUTH .. h p p blue 176— W Probably Jupiter carelessly pcncilled

D-/ I I 2:90 ,, ... h p p blue 1770 I 7 0

H ,, Doubtful ...... ,, ,, 17—

$ POPPLESDORF, Germany ... pot imp 176

\ QUIMPER, France on pet imp 1809 V Hl‘ Hubaudiére.

Qﬂy RAUINSTEIN, Germany ... h p p blue 1760

R- _ REGENSBERG or RATISBON ... h p p blue 17— ? Germany

” n n Pottery and Porcelain

REGENSBERG, or RATISBON, h p p blu. 17— Germany

ROCKINGHAM—see SWINTON

Roman, France pot 9 color 1542

n n H II 0

,, A great many initials are ,, v " given. by Jacquemzwf, as Rouen marks

I! 3 PI D, I!

D 0 I! v“ '1

RUDOLSTADT, Germany h p 11 coior 1758 Hay fork, part of the Arms of ﬁchwa-rtzberg Pactories. I 59

y RUDOLSTADT, Germany b p p color 1758

SAINTES, FRANCE. Bernard Palissy settled here about 1538 and after unccasing eﬂ’orts succeeded in producing the well-renown pottery called by his name £ SAINTES, France put: inc So attributed -

L. Sr. AMAND, France pub p 1750 Fauquez, director.

%3 ST. CLOUD, haan s p imp 1702

,, J. B. Chicanneau pot p blue 1700

,, When patroniscd by the king ,, n 1702 8c s p to 1715 l 60 Pottery and Porcelain

ST. CLOUD, France ... potéz p I715 I s P

5+0 '1" - ' ,, Tron, director ,, ,, 1730

\/=~ Sr. PETERBBURG, Russia h p p blue 1744

_ _ - 00 R K n _

C c n I! u I- ‘76—

‘q I III (ﬂ; ,, Catherine H. ,, ,, 1162

g ,, Made for the Palace Ml _ Paul Korniloﬁc ... ,, n ., m4

11% ,, Paul ...... n p color 1796 F arteries. I 6 1

ST. PETERSBURG, Russia. hp p color 1801 Alexander I.

,,,, BrothersNicholas Korneloﬂ’ski 1. ,, 1825

pt ,, 1827

,, Alexander II. m p ,,' 1855

ST. SAMSON, France pot imp 183—

SCEAUX PENTHIEVBE, France EP inc 1750 Also S P. to 1760

,, Dac cle Penthie'vre. Lord High Ad/rm'ral, patron pot p blur 1751

s11 ,, 1753

Seem. n 162 Pottery and Porcelain

SOHAFFHAUsEN, Germany pot p color 1560 Tobias Stimmer.

SCHLAKENWALD, Austria. hp ., 1800

SEVRES, chE. This Factory was removed from Vincennes in 1756, and, under the patronage of Madame de Pompadour, became the most celebrated in Europe. The soft paste _ cases, etc., are now invaluable, owing to their form, colour,

and artistic decoration. SEVRES, France. ,, Royal period. Sometimes 5 p p blue 1753 with crown. The letter indicates the year. See Jems. Table. ,, Hard paste ﬁrst made 1768 1792 ,, Republic 11 & s p color

. And name only )7 ,‘ % n u FIN”; ,, National Mark 1804. Manufactory h p 91'. red 1803 Sevrﬁ 5 See Table. —n—

1806 MImplf‘ ,, Imperial Mam-afactory de Sevres rr Factories. I 6 3

SEVRES, France h p p red 1810 Imperial Manufactory. sten & imp

,, Louis X VIII. ,, p blue 1814 Dated with the year of the century.

,, Charles X. ... ,, _., 1824

,, ,, On plain ware ., ., 1829

,, ,, 0n decorated ware ,, .,, .

,, Louis Philippe. From ,, ,, 1m August to December.

,, 1830, to November, 1834 ,, p color “ I 64. Pottery and Porcelain

é \\ SEVRES, France h p p blue 1834 a‘2 ‘2, ,_ Loms . Philippe . .

,, ,, With the above ,, imp or 1833 pr color

9, ’l 7’ ,I

,, 0n white porcelain n pr green 1848

‘, Republic to 1851 n p 1‘96 n On decorated ware.

,, Napoleon III., Emeror h p pr color 1852

,, ,, The manu- h & ,, 1854 facture ofsoft paste was s p revived 1854.

,, Thescratch marks the piera , pr green 1861 as nnclecorated. Factories. I 6 5

SEVRES.—TABLE OF DATES. A 1753 T 1772 B 1754! U 1773 T_ 9* 1801 C 1755 _V 1774 X1; 1302 D 1756 X 1775 11* 1803 E 1757 Y 1776 * The year of the F 1758 AZA Republic. G 1759 H 1760 BB 1779 '"““ 1804’ I 1761 00 1780 7% 1805 J 1762 DD 1781 A. 1806 K 1763 EE 1782 _" L 1764 FF 1783 7 1807 M 1765 GG 17811 8 1308 N 1766 EH 1785 9 1309 O 1767 II 1786 10 1810 P 1768 .TJ 1787 0.2. (onze) 1811 Q 1769 KK 1788 d.z. (douze) 1812 LL 1789 17.2. (troize) 1813 MM 1790 q.z. (quatorze) 1814 ” NN 1791 q.n. (quinze) 1815 00 1792 s.z. (seize) 1816 PP 1793 d.s. (dix-sept) 1817 R 1770 QQ 1794. 18 1818 S 1771 RR 1795 19 &c. 1819

The two last ﬁgures of the year to present date. The months are given by numemls—q.z.10=00tober, 1814 ; 19,1:January, l8 9. v-4 0\ Q\ Pottery and Porcelain

SnvnEs.—Initials and Monograms of Decorators, &c. 5s u. Asselin .. Portraits. gonna Girard Arabesques, Chinese Subjects, &0. Boullemier Gilding.

Bonnier Borders.

Barré Flowers.

Mde. Ducluzeau Subjects and Portraits.

geese_ Poupart Landscapes. RocherBar Figures. Detached Flowers.

Boulanger ,7 ,7

Baudoui/n Borders, Ornaments.

a 6’ Bulidon Detached Flowers. & Pt Beranger Figures. lags Castel Landscapes,Hunting Subjects,Birds. Develly . .. Landscapes and Figures.

Chabry Portraits, Pastoral Subjects.

9 3 g» Commelin Flowers, Wreaths. F octorzes. I67

SEVREs.-—Initials and Monograms of Decorators, 5w. v.70. Chapuis, ainé Flowers, Birds, etc. £23 DerichsweilerDusollo Detached Flowers. Borders, Arabesques.

111'. Didier n 11 @ﬂ Drand Chinese Subjects and Gildiug. or Dutanda Bouquets, Wreaths. exegwggoc Couturier Gilding. Bulot Flowers.

RichardLeroy Gilding.

Flowers.

RichardRejaur Borders. Wreaths.

Flowers.

Fa,th Birds, Butterﬂies, Borders.

Levé Flowers and Chinese Subjects.

Pfeiﬁ'er Detached Flowers. Pottery and Porcelain

SEVREs.—Initials and Monograms of Decorators, 75c. Fontaine Flowers.

Barrat Wreaths, Bouquets.

Barbin Borders, Arabesques.

RegnierMerigol Ferdinand Flowers and Wreaths.

Figures, etc.

Fumez Flowers and Borders.

Gerard Pastoral Subjects.

Georget Portraits.

Gremont Wreaths and Flowers

Hunny Flowers.

La Roche Flowers, Trophies.

Hericourt Flowers and Wreaths.

Huard Borders, etc.

Provost Gilding.

Jubin Factories. I 69

SEVREs.——Initials and Monograms of Decorators, &c. André Landscapes.

.Chapuis, jeuno Detached Flowers.

Mde. Chanou Flowers and Borders.

Julienne Arabesques.

Honrion Wreaths and Flowers.

Chavaux ﬁls Flowers and Gilding.

Thevenct ﬁls Borders, &c.

Trager Birds and Flowers.

Dodin Figure, Subjects, Howl

Levé, pere Flowers, Birds, Borders

Le Bel, jeune Flowers and Wreaths

Le Bel Landscapes.

Le Bel, ainé Flowers.

Le Guay G inning Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES.iInii’ial$ and Monograms of Decorators, 4'0. Le Gay Portraits.

Lam glacé Landscapes.

Lecot Chinese Subjects.

ArmandMdlle. Parpette Birds and Flowers.

Detached Flowers.

La. Roche Bouquets, Flowers and Trophies.

Mossy Flowers and Trophies.

Michel Detached Flowers.

Moiron ﬁls n n

Morin SeaViews, Military Subjects, Cupids

Mde. Bunel Flowers.

AloncleNiquet Birds, Animals, Trophies.

Detached Flowers.

Parpette Flowers.

Pierre, aiué Flowers and Bouquets.

__ .A‘A _ Fartories. 17 I

SEVREs.—I'nitials and Monograms of Decorators, 4'0. Pline Borders, etc.

Boucot Flowers, Birds and Arabesques.

Philippine Flowers, etc.

Pithou ﬁls Flowers, Trophies.

Pithou, pére Historical Subjects.

Pierre, j eune Flowers and Wreaths.

Regnier Subjects.

Richard Borders, Arabesques, etc.

Riocreux Landscapes.

Mde. Maqueret Flowers.

Memult,Roussel ainé. Detached Flowers.

Borders.

Mde; Binef~ Flowers and Wreaths.

Mde. Nouailher Detached Flowers. I72 Pottery and Porcelain

Ssvnws.—Initials and Monograms of Decorators, .fc. Wrggﬁgﬁ'gg-S 22:11??? SchadreSinsson .Z. Birds and Landscapes.

Flowers.

Swebacli Landscapes, etc.

Binet Flowars.

Vandé Gilding and Flowers.

Mde. Gerard Flowers and Borders

Hilken Pastoral Subjects

Vavasseur Arabesqucs.

Grison Gilding.

MicaudBouillat Flowers, Vases.

Landscapes and Flowers.

Joyau Detached Flowers.

UNKNOWN. Figure subjects, ﬁnely painted. Do. do.

On ﬁne ware, with other marks. Factories. x7 3

SEVRES.—M'arks of Decorators, li'c. -A>£w%a®\§e Buteux, pore Flowers and trophies.

Russet Landscapes.

Pouillot Detached ﬂowers.

Gomory Birds.

Sioux, jcune Flowers and wreaths, en coma/Tea.

Cardin Detached ﬂowers.

Motel Landscapes.

Ledoux Landscapes and birds.

Richard, Paul Gilding. seas. Catrice Flowers and bouquets.

erowet, inventor of Arabesques and ﬂowers. Rose Pompadour, called Rose du Barré. 174. Pottery and Porcelain ... * 7 Q SEVRES.—Ma'rks of Decorators, ‘fc. Chavqu Gliding. ' ' ' Tandart Flowers and wreaths. ' ' ’ ' Theodore Gilding. I , ' z ' Fontaino... Trophies, miniatures.

Sioux, ainé Detached ﬂowers.

000 o: 0% 0 D, ,'

A Choisy Flowers and borders.

* Taillamdier Flowers, etc.

0' Fontelliau Gilding.

2% Anteaume Landscapes and cattle.

Viellard Figures, trophies and borders.

Thevenet, pere Flowers, vases.

Cornaille. .. Bouquets and ﬂowers.

Chulot Trophies and emblems.

(P) Thcvenet, pcre Factories. I 7 5

@001 SEVBEs.—Marks of Decorators, &c. Carrier Flowers. Bertrand Detached bouquets.

Buteux Bouquets and wreaths.

Merault, jeune n u p o o O Vincent Gilding. %J*%E1 ﬂwsqb/pb Tardy Detached ﬂowers.

Caton Pastoral subjects, cupids.

Bienfait Gilding.

Evans Landscapes, birds and insects.

Bouchet Landscapes and ﬁgures.

Capel 1e Borders, trophies.

Buteux ﬁls Pastoral subjects—children.

Dion Chinese subjects and ﬂowers. m

L' gun/y Children—Chinese subjects.

Sinsson Flowers and wreaths. 176 Pottery and Porcelain

SEVREs.—Marks of Decorators, &c. —_ Noe'l Flowers, medallions. J/ ‘ Choisy Flowers, trophies.

‘ Aubert Flowers.

M T] Martinet... ,, The best Painters, ($0., are in Italics.

Jigw' SHELTON pot pr color 1820 Wall ,, New Hall Works 184.2 and name Hackwood. M 8, ,, Miles ,, ,, 1685

ASTBURL ,, Astbury ,, imp 17— R. a J. ,, Baddeley ., ,. 175° BADDELEY I. & G. ,, Bell Works ,, ,, 177 anowu. to 1816

J. &W. R. n n n I! ‘501854 Sinchmy_ SINCENY, France pot p color 1733 Factorzes. I77

-|-C+ SINCENT, France pot p color 177 +$+ Joseph le Cerf.

.M ,, Moulin 1864

SPODE. STOKE-UPON-TRENT imp 1770 p red

2% ,, Minton p color 179—

n n On best ware p gold 185— or color

u o O English pr blue 18 Pmelai coo MINTON ,, Copeland. Copeland & pr color 185 Garrett, 1833. Cope COPELAND land, late Spade, 18417.

S'rmssoono, Germany pot p blue 17\ Hanno'ng removed to &h p '5 Frankenthal, 1754. N Potlery and Porcelain

H STRASBOURG, Germany pot p blue 17— I I & h P

. ,, J. Hmmong. I'uul ,, M (.H Hannong.

PHILLIPMCO SUNDERLAND pot 1780 Sunderland Pottery. DIXON & CO. ” H H 1805 MOORE & CO“ ,, Wear Pottery ,, 1%0 SOUTHWARK.

SWANSEA . n P p color 178

SWANSEA imp 18—

SWANSEA 1 ,, And trident only ,, :l__-—n ,J ,, And with name, Dyllwyn SWANSEA. ' & CO' H sten red 181—

SWINTON, Rockingham h p pr red 17— The Rockingham Crest. X First used about 1824. \ Brameld, ma 7:61'v Factories. 179

BRAMELD. Swm'ron, Rockingham hp pr red 1807 depot 7i Tounonss, Fouque', France Arnouw et Cfe. pot 1) color 1820

TotmNAY, Tour France auto oiseaaat. Also 5? p blue 175

a potter’s kiln.

1. 1. 4. p gold or blue

36b TOURS, Victor France Avisseau. hp p blue 18‘],—

BOOTH. TUNSTALL And name in full—— Enoch pot imp 1750

Booth.

CHILD. 1 H33

A.&E. Keeling. 1770

W. ADAMS. 1780 180 P ottary and Porcelam

TURIN, Vinmf, Italy Dr. Gioanetti. hp imp ig®g<+

Uzus, France pot 18— Franom's Pichon.

VAL sous MEUDON, France... :2 179— Mittenhof 4' Mourot. &pr

VARAGES pot p black 1730 or red

VENICE, Italy hp p red ..g 4" (D :3 or blue

,, Giovanni M arcane 5P p gold 17— (£09090; or color

119 p red 1765

VIENNA, The Austria shape of the shiel p blue 1774 or imp varies. Factories. 1 8 1

VINcmNNEs, France a p p uolor 17— The Tower varies.

,, Hanno'ng h p ,, 178—

H5Kl/Ni VILLENGEN, Nuremberg ,, ,, 15— Ha/ns Kraut.

VOLKSTADT, Germany h p ,, 1762

VOISONLIEU, France pot st ,, 1839 Jean Ziegler. & imp

WEDGWOQD. WEDGWOOD, Burslem and pot imp 175 Etruria. & h p 1770

Wedgwood. y, n ' H n n

n ‘ n to 1780 182 Pottery and Porcelain

WORCESTER

This Factory was established, in 1751, by Dr. Wall and others. The invention of transfer printing on porcelain is attributed to Dr. Wall, but is also claimed for Sadlcr, of Liverpool, and Dr. Pott, of Berlin.

Woncns'rss. s p p blue 1751 §rs or gold

,, Dr. Wall ,, 1, n

,, Imitation of Chinese marks ,, p blue ,, or red

,, Many marks are found in p p blue 17— \ this style, in imitation or red awe of Oriental.

‘hit ill-EB Factories. I 8 3

Woecms'rme. . s p p blue 17— Imitation Dresden marks or red

'1) /

h, ' I‘ Q' ,9

X l

c ,, Flight n p 1) blue 1783 and name onlv

gl‘ybtzgaﬁ ,, Fllflhl z} Burr ,, ,, ,, 1193

i} B ,, Barr ~ h p inc 1793

,, Barr, Flight 4- Barr ,, imp 1807 Also F B B, and names BF in full. Pottery and Porcelain Factories.

\VORCESTER ,, And Ohamberlains only. 111; pr 178— ,, Grainger, Leo nf' Go. 1800

,, Richard Holdship. A p color 175— Decorator’s mark. He also worked for Derby.

thzmme, Bavaria p blm 17—

9 Absolom Yam. YARMOU'Z'H A Decorator .. Also with pot H

name in full E ZURICH, Switzerland hp 1; blue 1759

W.C.P. Oriental. 1 8 5

ORIENTAL MARKS.

CHINA. CHINESE porcelain is said to date from about a century before the Christian era; their pottery is of the greatest antiquity, and, like the porcelain, is of every quality. The oldest example that can now be obtained is of the Ming period, though, if the marks could be relied on there are many pieces of the 10th century still to be found, but marks are so easily imitated, and Chinese potters are so fond of reproducing old patterns with marks complete, that very little reliance can be placed upon them. The best periods of the manufacture of porcelain during the Ming dynasty, were——

% 5k Yung-lo 1403 to 1424 ﬁg Seuen-ti'h 1426,,1435 1J6 ﬁll \ Ching-hwu 1465 "1487 1%751- '=i=' Ken-tsing 1522 ,,1566 11ml" LE) —H Wan-Iei'h 1573 ,,1619

Egg Shell” were was ﬁrst made in the Yung-lp period. The Swen-tth was famous for all sorts of coloured ware. I86 ' Pottery and Porcelain.

4% 7C The Ohing-hwa. . produced the best ware and . the. ﬁnest decoration. This mark commands larger prices in Europe 5 than any other. The dark rich blue of the Koa-tching and % the white granulated surface of the Waa-lei‘h, are very _' choice. “ Old blue China,” or Nankin ware, is from the Im perial factories at King-te-chin—a town of potters named after King-fe, the Emperor, who ﬁrst patronized the manufactory in 1004—1007. The ware bore the “ six mark" dates until 1667, when they were forbidden by an edict from the governor of the province, lest any piece being broken, the Emperor’s name might be profaned by being carelessly thrown on the dust heap. This blue ware was made by direction of the Emperor, who ordered it to be of the colour of the sky after the winter rains. The marks on Chinese work are seldom either Factory or Painter’s marks. M. Stanislas Julien gives the mark of a potter of the Wan-leih period, named Hao-chi-khieoa, who excelled in writing verses and in painting; he appears to have taken religious vows and lived in retire , ment; his mark is Ou-intao-jin. Ou, the hermit. M. 5% E Jacquemart mentions a. “six mar ," “sold by Pei-iching, A ’ made by Kien-ki.” Some of those given are no doubt ' ‘ makers’ names—as San-yuh, Mountain of Gems; but the marks most commonly found are in four or six characters, and denote the date of the manufacture. The “ six mark" may be made out from the table of dates without much trouble, except from badly formed characters, handwriting being as varied in China. as elsewhere. Chinese writing is arranged in columns commencing at tne right, reading dowmvards. If in a horizontal line it reads from right to left. Oriental. 1 87

The ﬁrst and second characters of the “ six mar " show WOO“ YA TA is the dynasty, thusi the third and fourth, the period NEEN'MINC MING

(né'en haou), name of the years; the fifth signifies E year, and the sixth gig made.- thus, Tot-Ming, Hung woo, ne'en che. Great Ming (illustrious) dynasty, Hung woo, years; made. 1368 to 1398. Or arranged thus, Ta Ming, Seuen-ti'h, n'o'en, che. Made in the Seue’n-tih period of the Ming dynasty. 1426 to 14135. The next example is— Ta Ts’hing, Yang-citing, ne'en, che, Great Ts’hing (pure) dynasty Yung-ching period. 1723 to 1735. The “four mark” is more troublesome, as it does not give the dynasty it necessitates a search through the whole list of dates; it is read in the same order, thus: “King-till. n'e'en, ehe, made in the King-tih period, about 1004 to 1007. The square marks called the Imperial Seal, which have been in use from the beginning of the last century, are est read in the same way; they are written in an archaic character that is only understood by antiquaries, and @2th are usually very badly done. In the list given, from the cuscumc'rstmc best examples that could be obtained, it will be seen that the first, second, fifth and sixth, which should be alike in all, vary considerably; “four mark” seals are also given which show similar variations. _4 oo 00 Pottery and Porcelain

P?it!hates Dates are also written thus: Wan-lel’h pah'n-éen chc. Wan-léih eighth year, made 1580.

i All these may be known as dates by the last characters, NL-‘en year; and she, to make, form or fashion.

Sometimes another character is used, N‘e‘en tsaou, made 'r or make.

Ta Ming-she-hé'e'n, made in the time of the Great Ming Gillies » government. An example was found that probably read thus : but it was too confused to be read with certainty; the piece was modern ware. '

E7: I To Ming 'né'en che, made in the years of the Great Ming. 5119, This is also to be found, but is probably a modern mark. AK

‘1‘ Another mode of dating is by the cycle of sixty years, 1 but as only the year of the cycle is given it does not identify the period. ’2 . 24th year p blue Oriental.

One example was written thus— lVoo shin neon 0721:, 5th year p blue

The ﬁrst column is called the ten celestial stems, and the second the twelve terrestrial branches. The twelve

ib+%%HWE&LiEH\iH “branches” are the Chinese Zodiac: The Rat, Bull, Mnmnnsmmgmmr Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Serpent, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Cock, Dog and Boar. The ten “stems” are double characters; they are allied to the ﬁve Chinese elements: Water, Fire, Wood, Metal and Earth. This system is also used in Japan and Siam. The 76th cycle commenced in 1864.

EigqifiquBrrqlEPs/EF $27F§$11¥EP l

m] ZSZEZ42jiZ32EZ22ZthﬂZ, a asarnesnaanaenwans erarraarazrearrnTr

$f§55$fi4sf§f§ss¥I§25§fi15 hifigs $E“EE%ZEMEE%WE%EE6 ,v \'\ $ “W@“¥hwfifififififirfi1 I asserts arrive?“ are 8 arnraosaesaerioerg

an Pottery and Porcelain.

The most interesting of these dates is that used in the year 1721, Yew sin-chow 116m che. Made in the Sin chow year again (recurring). The Emperor Kang-he came to the throne in the 38th year of the 68th cycle, and died in 1722. He therefore had reigned for a whole cycle on the recurrence of the 38th year in 1721, an event unexampled in Chinese history. In a later example the date is given both by the year of the Emperor, and the year of the cycle.

T’hung-che shih m-h new. Ku'ci yew, 12th year of T’hung-che. 10th year of cycle=1874. The 11th year also commences in 1874.

DATES.

TA MING Dynasty __ Seuente _ 14.6 q -- l!“ _ *Ching-t’hung 1436 Hung-woo ... 1368 E. ‘King-tae 1450 Keen-wan 1399 ﬁfik “7% 3i l*T’héen-shun 1457 Yang-lo 1403 '1» l ’ ﬁji ‘Chinv-hwa 1465 Hung-he 14125 l * Some authorities reverse these t_wo periods—they both belong to the Emperor Yung (171mg, who was taken prisoner by the Tartars, and held captwe for seven years. Oriental. 191 I l I slB'é gb Hung-che 1488 7: TA TH’SINQ Dynasty

\ 9 .lE Ching-tih 1506 =1:- @7{ T’héen-ming 1616 9% Kea-tsing 1522 ﬁg T’heen-tsing 1627 Lung-king 1567 gas #1" % If“? 7LT: Tsung-te 1636 ﬁ W an -1”l en 1573 Shun-che 1644

\ Ii'ér‘mm '1\ w T a9 - 0 h ang 1620 Kang-he 1662

7:\: Theen-khe l .. y .. 1621 —"-r Xz/E Yung_ching 1723 l El 1—1 I44 _ m 711‘ Tscng-chmg 1628 Kéemhmg 1736 \ I I \ as glk Tsung‘kwans 164-4 1% -.!: Kea-king 1796 4 _u_. Shauwwoo 1646 [Léé Taon-kwang 1822 Eli: It) Lung-woo 1646 E D Han-fung 1351 Yung-leih 1647 JD A [5] — Thugs“ I . 1861

Kwang-seu . 1876

DATES in the “ Seal” Character. Six Characters. Ta-th'sing, Shun-che ni‘en che ... 1641 If \Q \, - Pottery and Parcelam.

E! T’hu'ng-clw 1861 5‘ Kang-he 1662 325% _@ E 53. NE / ’51 w Four Characters. FE-lﬁE Er Ching-hwa 1465 is u Probably a. forg ery. BREE Yung-ch1'ng 1723 I Ell-IE : :\-_-. Shun-she 1644 _rm g Kijen-Z'ng 1736 IEE% §§E E ﬁ [mm E Ké‘en-Zung 1736

Kan-Ling 1796 Taou-kwang 1822

53E

J Han-fang 1851 ﬂ 55::J Taou-kwomg 1822 )Q -_— 51M? \‘ T’hung-che_.. 1861

Han-fun!) 1851 ‘ Fiﬁ T“'(i\g:$?>;ti§r.s'_ willm _ l U Timmy-chm. 1861 Oriental. I 9 3

\O BAT. Fuh, used as a synonym for happiness.

DRAGON, 9 E With ﬁve claws, is an Imperial emblem, with four, of "I the blood royal, and with three, of the nobility. Lung fung, a. dragon and a phoenix (divine bird of felicitous omen), was a mark of the Seuen~tc period, 1426 to 1435.

FISH. The two ﬁsh, an emblem of domestic felicity, is .1 mark usually found on old blue or Nankin ware; it is one of the earliest known, from 969 to 1106. Cups with handles in the form of a red ﬁsh are of the Scum-ta period.

FLOWER. Many varieties of this mark are found in blue and also in colours. A sesmnum ﬂower painted under the foot of a vase, &c., is a mark of Tau-chemo, 969 to 1106. The C'he plant, a kind of fungus, used as an emblem of longevity. 0 194 Pottery and Porcelain.

Emblem of longevity.

(?) Bat and peach.

(?) The lotus.

H 041, a small ﬂower p1inted inside a. cup, is a mark of the Yang-lo period, 1413 to 1424. It signiﬁes pleasure in a vicious sense.

FLY, Or Butterﬂy, is found on old “ Nankin." Orienlal.

GRASS. .0/)‘ IR The “grass mark” is probably a. water plant. About A.D. 960 some such mark was used to denote were of the / best quality.

a f ‘\ INSCRIPTIONS. l‘) A great variety are to be met with on old porcelain, often in the place where the European mark is found. Some are compliments and good wishes; others are in praise of the articles inscribed; many are quotations from the poets and classical authors of all ages. These last are not exempliﬁed. 5th ans Tsew, wine. Small white cups thus marked were used by the Emperor Kea-tsing, 1522 to 1566.

K'e'cn, rectitude. Mark of an early period, said to be on articles sent to disgraced Mandarins.

Show, long life. This is a common Oriental compliment, “May you live for ever,” and occurs oftener than any other character. It has many variations, sometimes a piece of pottery or porcelain is marked with a hundred or more; these 5L0 ﬁlled “the hundred show.” _ 196 P artery and Porcelain.

Varieties of Show. Longevity

em .3.

are em em so. is 2% am em tax $1M am 1mm“ as. ems/1w ea as em am .vm wow $11 type. on ism em @me em Ew on are. em am 1%. aim swam warm 83 em .er am am gm iwvm 1%.. one am seam eggs as. we... am @DM @mmr 1% an amass we as am. em we 1%? Eww @eé .3 mam ea. 1% as am E 101% Q sag mew as... 1Q... AR. ﬁlm ammo as :W 1% we ...AMQMM gm @mm. ea Oriental. 1 97

Show, is also drawn in circular, oval and elongated forms. m as e e e @1194» Ena EPEE "E

A / 1’». v ﬁ+

In Show this form is known as the spider mark.

Happiness, divine protection, felicity.

Also written in many different ways. new it 198 Pottery and Porcelain. \ ttt“ ‘EEPJ' KW]:- Prosperity, wealth, great pos .i Lil/L ’ sessions \ _ _ __ -" q l if: [Fri/t, la‘r’h, and show arez\7“< l m \ often found together. l 5 1 r € l\ F17 Prosperous.

g [{th Felicity, good luck. Jade, a gem, beautiful, precious, valu i Yir’h { able, &c., known as the F mark, being 4_ often indistinct, and like that letter. X Wan Literature. On articles made for use of literary men,therulingclass of China. ‘ Hing Exalted, highly esteemed.

\ ' b: / 'l't 't ENE] (i!) Kc A vessel, vase, abl 1 y, capaci y. lélﬁt

‘33,]; gr Paou Precious ’ valuable. 1

ii Ting Perfect.

Shun Elegant. I i Oriental.

K01) Antique.

Shi’th Holy. Complete, perfect, a name. Tsuen

Good, excellent, congratulations. K i-ng

Ch’ha Name.

J The ﬁve blessings: which are long life, riches, health, the love of virtue, and U'oo f 12h 1 a natural death;

Chin. 111711. Precious or valuable jade.

Jade of great value; pearl of great price. Y 12h chin

This is an example of the way marks are usually written. -

“\

Hi?“\\\\ W an yak. Rare jade. Pottery and Porcelain.

f A precious rarity. Chin Man i A valuable curiosity. Veritable jade. Chin yuh / ‘ »

I HHare ‘ .. Great prosperity An elegant felicity rarity. Yew wan T“ Kath { or good fortune. Western jade. The best I jade comes to China from the West. l A pivot, and the most polite expression for the house of another. 0/100 foo Palace of the centre of the universe—mark used 1260—1367. Kcang t’lmg Ginger preserved in syrup. ' Ht

Inexpressihly precious. Paoushz'ng v \ \ l >1? v A fruit (called dates, by 2: em:spas \ Europeans) in syrup Tsaou t'cmg ——Gh0w Chow. Both marks of the Km tsing period, 1522—66. The arrival of friends. Yew lae eeew Tlmg you Name—imp on old ware. Red olive—cinnamon. The kwei is a me Tom kwei taphor for literary honours. Yng ching Name—p blue on old ware. Oriental. 20 I

Wm- foo citing Made to‘multiply (or increase the stock of) vemed Jasper.

“HALL " MARKS. There has been some uncertainty as to the exact meaning of the word tang, but Mr. Franks has ascer tained. that it means the name of the establishment at which the specimens so marked were made. Jin ho Iowan Hall of brotherhood and peace.

Luh e tang Waving bamboo hall.

Hall for the honourable reception of Fung seen tang those who have gone before. Hall of ancestors.

Khe yih E Made at the Hall of rare jade. tang chc

Tsae jun ‘ g Made at the Hall of brilliant colours. tang che to O to Pottery and Porcelain. alarm“ Elna Ching tilt Made at the Hall of virtuous research. tang clio i Made at the Hall of WW” ,. ififikMA y \ C Pm: yak Made advantage. at the Hall 01 lung 6]“; firstF kH§' [an] 67.0 the jeWi-lled girdle. Made abundant at the jade. Hall of tangLi” 2/1”” 67w %1 i E

T” m Made at the Hall of the tang Che violet embroidery. Made at the Hall 01's Task” 2 d\ the great tree. ( tang Che % w she King Mei Made at the Hall of wor a??? mng Che ship and veneration. J4 ‘21 7| Made at the encouragc- Yang ho § mentofharmonyliall. tang 0718 % was Ming | Fuh The illustrious Fo's (01' Buddha) hall of au dience or prayer. Yué

Tang Oriental. 203

Yah tang Beautiful vase (or excellent vessel) of the [cm k6 jade hall—the Academy. W” “h Made at the mu of the cultiva tang che tion of virtue. E \‘b Antique made at} Shin Uh tang \ ll/\ the Skin tih )ﬁ Hall_ 105 koo size 5 11m Tseu shun moi 1, #5“. Made at the Hall of beautiful jade. - yuh tang chc

Kingle'cnlang {Imitation of antiques made at the King ﬁmg koo Che lean Hall, named after a distinguished scholar.

F 17h kwci zWealth, honours, and a long spring time, Chang chm ’ or lasting youth. \Vealth, honours, g F 71h kiwi 'E E

and long life. (.hlm , g mmy - A 5E p E Iécn Icwan l\ May heaven confer happiness. tszc f 1771' 204. Pottery and Porcelain.

in * E" li like r mm . \Vondcrful precious stone, resembling a jewel. th chin a" A gem rare as jade. jou yih E 96> ' En i , . ﬁéi \chulg yew The elegant collections of the Holy - Friends.

3” ‘ P6 koo For the learned in antiquities, a valu _ able curiosity. I"; .5. chin wan

IVan yiih Elegant, perfect and precious ting, 01' X. metal vase used for burning joss 5E; paou ting stick or incense.

_|__ ‘ Scholarship lofty as the Hills and the FL‘ )L Wan \“hanﬂ Great Bear. Compliment comparing

\ \ ‘ -I-.¢E Sham tow thcreciplenttothemountaln ' ' ' Tae Sham and the north pole or star, Pih tow,

,/ 3i if % Mai yih 2 Made for the connoisseur of beautiful A" I] I ya aka l jade.

3% Nlm chum The elegant jade of Nan chucn. i kin 'yﬁh Oriental. ‘ 205

W an show An unlimited long life. woo kcang

D a} [EH E US, In “Seal” characters.

‘rH >\ \\ GM we” } Precious reward for the lover of the \“nl‘lg (hiin chin shang water 1113'

EH ins Shwae foo For the public usa of the general’s hall. kzmg yimg & I _r\ Chan wing } Chan tsing chac maker. One of a pair, ‘ '3! \ H i chae Che the other marked Ching tih Hall. (iii IE»i_ m “Hi

.1.9‘ lb F ra Koang nzz'ng Keang mng kaou maker. U, ' kaou tsaou,

I I time Chang ming Chan ming tsoang made it. Said to be 9PM } as old as the Sung dynasty 960—1127. tsoang che P ottery and Porcelain.

Y1ng ching } Made for the service of Y 1mg citing. yu che

Le’cn ching 1 (i) Name. khc 71010 ,i

J0 67”“ . ,- } Deep like a treasury (éi‘f g $1? of gems. chin tsaug ﬁat $255 This mark is of frequent occurrence, but is usually very indistinct.

Kéi'h tscang As fortunate as you can desire. jou e

th she paou A gem among precious vessels of rare ting chc chin stone. Oriental. 207

1.5-! fi ZI Khe 2J ah p aou } A gem among precious ' . vessels of rare we: ting che ch in ade’ 5 ,3}. Ohng you mai 1 For the possessor of a true and faithful heart this elegant gem was made. flee yfih ya chc J §%%'

Show 110 mm shun, Long life as south mountain. Be it F011 jou tzmg hai,Happiness similar east sea. Nan~shan is a mountain in Fong-thesang-fou. The in ﬁé scription may be read, May you live to be as old as the hills, and your happiness he as great as the sea 25w is wide.

LEAF. The leaf mark is very common on pieces of every period ; probably a leaf of the artemisia, an emblem of good augury. $9“ 208 Pottery and Porcelain.

k u) Bamboo leaves; used as a. mark in a. factory of King-te-chin, 1573 to 1619.

\k NUMERALS.

ii "' I Yfih... 1 a" :- H um 2 g —=— W San 3 5? m X Sn 4 15 fi } 5 IE 7" '- Lew 6 ‘Z-fi 4: '—"- Tseih 7 fill A; Pa '8 UL 7L2 Kew... 9 iii} 1‘ '1' Shih... 10 These are given to assist in deciphering dates. Orienml. 209

g \? RABBIT, , ' or Hare, sacred to the moon, found on old Nankin ware, an emblem of longevity. jff

SACRED AXE, so called, it is probably the symbol Fuh embroidered on g the Emperor‘s sacriﬁcial robes; perhaps an equi valent for Full, Happiness.

° _ SHELL, a Buddhist emblem. A shell was lent by the Government | to the ambassadors to Loochoo, to ensure them a prosperous voyage.

& g ‘ . SQUARE. I’twu. Precious, valuable.

P 210 Pottery and Porcelain.

D! Ii K100, National or Governmental. /

l Tc shan, name.

Slum yzih or Sham wang, name.

% On old were, dragon pattern.

2% F oiqul on old Nankin ware; imitated by factories of \* v urope.

@\ Maker or decorator's mark. Called House marks by the Chinese.

2 La Ohih, name. Oriental. 2 I 1

Chung-huh she The Chung-huh family.

Foil kwez' 1 Beautiful vase for_ the wealthy and law lee or noble; or wealth, honours, and a wong he [ vast intellect or capacity.

Ling Chang Made by Ling Chang-tsee. lsee tsaou

C'hz'n chow Valuable (vase) to explain the future. she tsuen

J0 shin Deep like a treasury of gems. chin tsang

Made by (01' for) the 10rd of the Heae Hcae chuh bamboos. Heae is the name of the place where Ling Lun, minister of choo jin tsaqu { the fabulous Emperor Hwang Ti, cut bamboos to form in usical instruments.

Tsu'h Chin N nine.

2 1 2 Pottery and Porcelain.

g" H Examples of marks on Canton ware, of recent date @ possibly to represent the Imperial “ Seal.” P

ill

[a ~ ~ »

SYMBOLIOAL ORNAMENTS. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Poo-paw. The eight precious things.

1. Pearl or “ tide jewel.” 2. Probably a coin as an emblem of riches. 3. Probably one of the dual symbol (2) the female. 4. Variant of last or male of dual symbol. 5. Kiny, emblem of happiness or luck. 6. Pro bably books. 7. Rhinoceros horns. 8. Leaf of artemisia, emblem of good augury. ~ Oriental. 2 I 3

5 6 7 8

seine k':'_) l") ,1% I "““" _

Pa che siang. The eight lucky emblems of the Buddhists.

1. Chung, a bell. 2. L0, a chank shell. 3. San, State umbrella. 4. Kac, a canopy. 5. Hum, the lotus, this is always without fillets. 6. Kwan, a vase with cover. 7. Yu, two fishes united by fillets, may signify domestic felicity. 8. Chang, an emblem of longevity. These emblems are found as marks, and are also used in decoration.

lVan-lsc, Ten thousand things, everything, all creation. % The “swastika” or fylfot ; cross of Buddha.

'Eﬁ n n 1! King, an emblem of good fortune. This is also intended to give forth a sound when struck ; it is used as a tuning fork ; it has been mistaken for a Masonic emblem. Gourd, an emblem of longevity, inscribed Fuh, happi ® ness, in “ Grass " character. Q % J'oo-c, or sceptre of longevity, and musical instruments. 214 Pottery and Poreelain.

Peach and bat, the peach is an emblem of longevity and geae%%s&%es the bat of happiness, here they symbolise the phrase Fuh show shwrmg chuen, a two-fold perpetuation of happiness and longevity.

Pi, a pencil, ting, a cake of ink, joo-e, a sceptre of longevity symbolizing the phrase, Pi ting joo a. May things be ﬁxed as you desire.

l I‘uou. Precious things. Pencil and roll of paper.

TABLE. Many varieties of this mark are found on old N ankin ware. It was imitated by Delft, Dresden, Worcester,

J and other factories of Europe. Mr. Franks is of opinion that it is a four-legged vase with a high ear on each side. Probably a wedding cup. Oriental. 2 l 5

These ﬁgures occur so often on old ware, especially that intended for sacriﬁcial use, that a. few words may be given to explain their purport.

The unbroken line Yang, represents the masculine or perfection; the divided line Yin, the feminine or imper~ fection. The group of four is called the See-sccmg or four similitudos; the eight are the Pa-qua. or eight sym bols of Fo’h-he. The circle was added by Chow, a. member of the Sung dynasty, who analysed and explained them. The circle represents the original principle, the waved line dividing it makes the dual power or the active and passive principles of creation, it is called the Tae-keih, this when in action, produced a male power, when at rest a female power. From these were generated four visible forms which represent in the innumerable combinations of the eight symbols, the changes and transmutations that take place in nature and in the aﬂ'airs of the world. Pottery and Porcelain.

JAPAN.

Tun manufacture of pottery is said to date from B.C. 660. A factory was established by Corean potters A.D. 200. The first good glazed pottery was made at Seto about 1230, by Téshiro, who had learnt the art in China. Porcelain is said to have been first made by Gorodayu Shonsui, who also studied in China, and on his return in 1513 settled in Hizen. The great centre of the Japanese manufacture is in the province of H izcn, where twenty-five villages are congregated on a mountain which affords a plentiful supply of material for their work. Other districts have, however, their'peculiar wares, some of which are undoubtedly of great antiquity. The marks used in Japan are usually the name of the factory or of the maker or decorator ; sometimes all are given.

DATES are marked in the same fashion as the Chinese, sometimes the year of the period is written :

\ I I

gig Ten‘sho’ } 1780 E‘ Q JB-O, } 16r3 Fl); 711mm J L 5; 2nd Year a 11% lei/1‘s “ 7

As a rule it may be assumed that when an article is marked Dai Nipon it is a. modern production; Chinese periods are to be found on work made after Chinese patterns. En-toku ... Mei-ö "Bun-ki Ei-shö Gen-chü ... Dai-ei Mei-tolku ... Kö-roku ... Tcm-bun ... K V Ö-ei ... Shö-chö ... 3 Köji... 3 7 ------Ei-kiö 7 Ei-roku ... Ka-kitsu ... EUR Gen-ki 3 Ten-shö ... Bun-an ... IE Hö-toku ... 1449 Bun-roku... Kö–toku ... 14:52 Kei-chö ... Gen-na Kö-shö 1455 Kwan-ei ... Chö-roku... 1457 | Shö-hö Kwan-shö 1460 Kei-an Bun-shö ... 1466 | Jö-ö ... Ö-nin 1467 Mei-reki ... Bum-mei ... 1469 Man-ji Chö-kö 1487 00 Pottery and Porcelain. n\ I"! k I 1mmw@m Kwam-bun 1661 “H 35 Tem-mei 1781 \I Em-pT) 1673 H% Kwan-sci .. 1789 I Kifi-wn 1801 n E Tun-nu T11 :1. 1804 8%%w JOliiT) 1t K Bun-kwaBun-sci Gc|1~r0ku116-01 MY 1818 >2! ' Tom-116 1830 (:lE'IT \ 1“ ~11a ShO-tukuK1611?» K6 kwa 1844 9\ Ka-ci 1848 HQEMHI An'sci 1854 Gem-bunK \vam -pfi Man-en 1860 Bun-kifi 1 . 1861 4m Ell-kifi Gen-ji 1864 (a: Kwan-cnHG-rekiMei-\va Kei~6 1865 a a m: ‘1“ m': ‘m Meiji 1868 1: .n1 -\-'\ ‘Fu \ xw'} An-ei

FACTORIES AND WARES.

Akahada ware, Kﬁriyama, founded about 1644—47-' 8 Aka-hada, name of factory 1mp' Arita, see Hizen. Oriental. '2 1 9

Asahi, Uji, established 1644—47. Asa-hi, Morning light, so named from colour of the ware imp

Min-310i. Awaji, established about 1840 by Ka-shz'u Min-psi. Nipon Aim-ﬂ (Made by) Kashiu Sanpci in C Vs K Kwshz'“ Awaji, Japan. 3% San-poi AWATA. Awata, see Kioto.

Banko Kichibei, established by, 1652—60 at Koume-mu ra, near Tokio, known as Yedo Banko, now closed. imp 2319 Isé Banko. as .Vipon Banko. “we Shiba-ta 1 Made by Shihata Banko, tsuku'ru J Japan imp

Banka.

5) Articles known as Banko were are now made at Kuwana, Yokka-ichi, and neighbourhood. 220 Pottery and Porcelain.

1 Nipon a a } name imp

ZR Sh ivgen, name :1: l

X' 4% i Baum 1 Not easy ,, . . Difﬁcult. a 4%; Nat yous-iii J % \ Bank-0, The eminent of ﬂowers inc

he 35 l Go-so, name imp

4-.— P Bizen, supposed date, B. C. 97—30. g1? ‘ At Imbe-mura a kiln has been worked since 1390. are H“! ‘ Ro-kei sei, Made by ~ Rokei, modern mark. ‘ Fujina, commonly called Idsumo ware. ~55 Fqua, Matsuye. 3]? . Un-yei, name. Oriental. 2 2 I

Hirnto, Mikaweji, Hizen, established 1655—57. The were was made for the use of a. prince of the Matsu-um family, not for sale. Hirato, 111 ikawnji. .I (ﬁtfeeh? die , ammu M Hirato Shi-aye lsukuru, Shiaye maker.

Mikawaj 17. \. : ﬁber 14 U-F’; Mari Chikara tsukuru. WI2“ Hirato. 0 tome yaku, The honourable close of burning. The prince closed the factory; the article so marked (a may have been the last ﬁred. r.m Hizen. A large number of kilns have been worked in 55HlQ‘ this province, but only those so marked are named here. Hezm Arita K'wmi. Arite is an important town where is(“52: we many noted kilns are situated. Kami, name. $11112leer Nishi Hezzm Arita yama, West Hezen. Nan-iii sci, Made by Nandi. Pattery and Porcelain.

chcn.

Shin-116 tsuku'ru, Made by Shinpo.

Hezen.

Reki-san tsukuru, Made by Rekisan.

H izcn. Sara yam.

Fuka-gawa (sci omitted), Made by (Yeizaynnon) Fukw gawa at Arita.

Fukami (Smninosuke'). Fukami, Arita; also \‘_|_ Fuka with Hezen and Great Japan. L“

Hishu Arila.

Ten-taz' tsukuru, Made by Tentai. Oriental. 2 2 3 li%’£\\\l

'lhrshbrﬁw ZO-sh'lm toi.

Sam-126 sci, Made by Sampﬁ at the Zoshun (inclosure of Spring) Hall.

it} leer Zd-shun toi. (s:wees Sui-chi tsukuru, Made by Saichi. EE-EIII .415 Arita ware is also known as Imari. Niehi Hizon. Fukmgttwoi sci, Made by Fnkagawa of Niehi Hizen. On Okawaji ware.

Imado, Tokio. Origin unknown imp Go-saburo, name.

Kaga or Kutani ware, established about 17th century.

Kutani, The nine valleys p red es Kutani p gol rl 224. Pottery and Porcelain.

6*» re Kutani tsukzn'u, Made at Kutani p red

1‘7 Kaga ﬂy” Kaga ? m ’p\\ Kutani 95% [7%) Kutmzi s p g o

1) H 772 Kaga Kulam' p red 16 I g ,, tmtklmo p black ‘§:§ em» Dm' Nipon, Great Japan. $72! Kutlmi sci, Made at Kntani [1' black 1L / \ 5/; Kutani Bokuzan, name p blue 11!

‘ Kutam', in centre the name To mu, :1 I] " decorator pred

Dai Nipon. “M en: To zan no in, Seal of Tozan Oriental. I 225

mm PM

i W Kiyo-zan, name ,, '8 i 1

® [ Pon-‘zan ,, imp

is? Diwo-zo ,, ,, ' U '

To-wo ,, ... p red

77“ % Z: :71? Kutam' sei, Made at Kutani. ibf‘ it], Kayo, Na-Ice'n, Kaga Long house ... p black >9?

2&2" Dai Nipan Kulani, omitted.

Uchi-mni kichi-zo, name

Q 226 Pottery and Poreelain.

a th-zan, name, Yuzan Hall, Kutani.

Fuku, happiness

Rok“, riches Are often found on Kaga. ware.

Ju, long life Kioto. A potter entitled Nin-sei, 1644—51, erected kilns in various places; amongst them were those still working at Awata, Kinkozan, and Kiomidzu. - 12 Nin-sei, Mark of Nonomura Ninsei about 1650 imp

A '

J 1 2 7 ,, I, _ Awata ware.

Nipon Kioto, Japan, Kioto.

K in Ice zari tsulcuru, Made by Sobei Kinkozan p gold

% Kinkozan I. _ imp Oriental. 2 2 7

Iehi-gaya.

Tan-zan, Mark of Seikai Tanzan imp

r—ﬁ m ‘ T anzan ’) \_1_/ I

er .ﬁ; :1 p black 1 1 Lu 1 I

g Iwa-lcum-zan, Mark of I. Kichibeye imp o w

'57?! H0 zany, name Pottery and Porcelain. I a C Ken-mu, Mark of Ogata Shinsho, about p brown 1730...

Kiomidzu ware. Soi kan ji, Name of village whence came the maker.

\ l § ‘5 Dohcwhi', name imp J \I

\ é ,, (Takahashi D.) inc 7\

i? Kan-:(m, name, K. Denshiehi p

7H3?- \-— Soz-f'u, . name . p m With “Great Japan,” “maker,” etc.

Ki-toi, name, Wake Kitei. Oriental. 2 2 9

Kishiu ware. Wakayama, an old-established kiln ; wares greatly improved in 1827. Kai-mica } Made at the garden of yewsai mingled enjoyment imp

Shit-lea D6, Early ﬂower Hall. Yeiraku ware, made at an old establishment by the Zengo'ro family. Riyozen (the 10th generation) was the ﬁrst to make porcelain. The Prince of Kii honoured him with the title Yeimlcu, and presented him with the seals used as marks. Ka'hin } The branch factory of the river. Seal ski-#7:“ used by Yeiraku Riyozen about 1810.

Yei-raku, Perpetual enjoyment.

Dai Nipon.

Yea-mien tsukuru.

Makuzu, near Kioto.

Fu-ji yo, Made at the Fuji kiln of Maknzu.

Ma-k’ltz'tt tsukuru.

Pottery and Porcelain.

Mak'azu yo p blue

Ko-z'an tsukuru, Made by Kozan at the Makuzu kiln.

Minato ware, near Saki, Idsumi. Of great antiquity, it is believed that Giyoji, the inventor of the potter’s wheel, was the ﬁrst to work here. Minalo yakz', Minato ware imp

Mino ware. \Vorked in 17th century. Porcelain ﬁrst made in 1810.

NW)" Mi‘no 7mm} Made by Kaito Gosuké, in the pro Kaito Gomtké 8m- vince of Mine, Japan.

Raku ware, used in the tea ceremonies. Introduoed by a Corean named Ameya, 1658—69. He settled at Kioto, and worked with clay found at J uraku. Taiko Hideyoshi honoured the son of Ameya, Chojiro, with a seal engraved Raku, enjoyment, since which it is called Ralou yaki, and marked with a seal so inscribed.

Sen-raku } Made at the Senraku garden. Seal used by Chojiro Kichizayemon of yen sei the 11th generation. Oriental. 2 3 1

Ohi Raku, Obi-machi, Kaga. Founded 1680 by C'hozayomon. 5M, seal used by the fourth C.

Osaka Raku, made by Kikko,'187—.

Kilzu-ko or Ki'kko.

Tokio Raku, made by Kozawa. Benshi, who is still working. Ni'pon’ Tovkio Rakuho, potter of Tokio, to-ko Baku-ho Japan imp

Sado ware. Made of a material found in the mines ; the ware is scarce, and in Japan is valued both as a curiosity and as having some medicinal quality. Small portions are broken oﬂ', crushed in the mouth and swallowed for no special disorder, but simply as a good thing to take. Sado kin gin zan wo moltoi mil-moi d1; kore wo tzukum. Made of an unnamed material found in the gold and silver mines of Sado. ‘

232 Pottery and Poreelairt. h“ asst Sho ju May you live 1000 years. Av“? son. hen }

Jo-zan, name. 3; All written on the soft clay with a. point. Satsuma, established 1467-86. The Prince brought putters from Corea about 1592, when the well-known ware was ﬁrst made. No mark is found on old ware. Satsu-ma. Naka-jima Soto, Owari, (sei), of Made great by antiquity; N. date unknown. p gold 187—

Dai Ni-pon. Se-to sci, Made at Seto, Great Japan.

Nipon, Soto. Japan, Seto.

Kan-a moto, Maw-kichi tsukuru, Made by M. Kawamoto. Oriental. 2 3 3

Dai Ni-pon, Great Japan p blue

Han-sake sci, Made by Hansuké Kawamoto.

Nipon, Seto.

(Q) Eu-roku sei.

Sei-getsu, name of a celebrated painter of porcelain.

A'i-wo, name.

Sin-zan fude, name of decorator. 234 Pottery and P ortelain.

lIﬂdEFPtE

Yama—moto She-tan, Name of a celebrated painter of porcelain.

Seto-Suké, Yokkaichi, established 1764-80. gun So-to-suke', Name of factory. i Shiba. has ‘ Resident of Shiba in Tokei. if Soi-im-toi, Factory. GM» F“. r1 (is —\~>~ Hikomaro, name p black

Soma ware, Naga-mura. It is a popular belief in Japan that this is the oldest ware made there, and the possessors of specimens prize them highly. The running horse with which they are decorated probably dates from 1670.

So ma, name imp Oriental. 235

QiKanc-shige Yen zan, name "PP name

Tokio.

Dai Ni-pon.

Din-to sq; Maker’s name p blue

Tokz'o. Matswmoto } Name . p red. yashi-nobo Both marks on one piecé.

Div-to, Maker.

Toyo-ura ware, Nagato, established 1716—35.

Togo-um yama, Name of factory imp

Tozan ware, Himeji. ~ \ .

Hime-ji sei, Made at Himeji.

\ 2 36 Pottery and Porcelain.

Q€ FLOWER. Many varieties of this mark occur on porcelain both 11% old and of recent date. l l W§Ht? ratify \ i l . ' LEAF. ; And other varieties are often found on porcelain. l lNSCRIPTIONS l l Of a similar character to the Chinese are found on all l l kinds of ware. l ‘ Dzou, long life.

So-wo, name h p imp

g; Kami sei, Kami, maker ,, 1) blue I

‘% Raku-masa tsulcuru ,, p red ,, ,, maker.

a . RHH Huji-nori, name ,, p blue /\4?; Oriental. 237

Ju-shin Mwe ﬂew i Deep like a. treasury of V Chin tsang I gems p blue A11 imitation of an old Chinese mark.

Shin f0 Name se-scki

@\*>31%“? we S h. 1pm i The seven jewels Com ml! kuaisha { Pally 01' Enamel Co. '-/\// H \ I

we]we HENew»5%:mki Sm sztzu 1 Hall of the increase of

kin 760mg ’ peace and harmony ,2

Fu ki Wealth, honours and ché min long hfe'

To gig/0k“ 1 Made at the jade pot.

- f tery house __ ,7 yen set Pottery and Porcelain.

To giyoku yen Made by Gosuki at the jade pottery house. h p p blue HI? 3E Gosukz' sei %% IE

The Chinese dates Scum-tilt and Ching-hu'a a m are often found on Hezen ware decorated with old Nailkin patterns. '1 G

Gen-M } Made in the Gen-ki years 1570—73. awn-sci

Kama yama ‘ The work of Kameyama} 26 no

Fuku-shun km‘L Made by Giyokusei at Returning Spring House. GiyokzL-sci sci § Oriental. 239

K i-to ken } Made by Hokuhan at the Curious Pottery House. H okra-lean sei

SQUARE.

Called House Marks.

Hata, name of a factory h p p red

San-hon, mountain middle, name ,, p blue

Yeh-san or Itsi-yotma one mountain, name

Ka, felicity.

Goa, strong, name

Pottery and Porcelain, '

All on blue decorated ware called Hezen ; niarks such as these are found in great variety, they often diﬁer in a set of cups and saucers that are evidently from the same hand.

Roku, wealth.

Aoi, blue.

This appears to be “happiness.”

So-wo, name.

thku, happiness.

VASE. This curious mark is impressed and coloured; it re 411;)“ presents a sacred Vessel used in sacriﬁcing and. is in w scribed with the characters Fuku, happiness‘ and id. longevity. ~ W. H. H. ;

7 ' LIBRARY USE ONLY l 370881 Hooper, WJ-l. H6 ‘ A manual of marks on 189).; pottery and porcelain. R

* IIHH WWW”WHSWHI UN

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