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Andreasr.Hassl Andreas R. Hassl Hygienerelevante Mikrobiologie: Die Kunst der Parasitik und eine historische Parasitologie. Lernbehelf zur SS-Lehrveranstaltung 4. korrigierte, Deutsch-sprachige Web-Auflage 2017 v9.22; pp 116. Nosse rerum differentias et posse unumquodque suo insignare nomine. Den Unterschied der Dinge kennen und jedes mit seinem Namen bezeichnen können. Johann Amos Comenius (1631): Ianua linguarum reserata - Die geöffnete Sprachenpforte. IMPRESSUM: Medieninhaber und Herausgeber Dr. Andreas R. Hassl Institut für spezifische Prophylaxe und Tropenmedizin Medizinische Universität Wien Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Wien v9.23 - 1 - • 0.0 Präambel 0.0 PRÄAMBEL Die Bestimmung des vorliegenden Textes ist eine Zusammenstellung von Wissenswertem aus der Parasitologie mit den Schwerpunkten in Europa heimischer und nach Europa eingeschleppter Parasitosen, oder solcher, mit denen Touristen in Kontakt kommen können. Die Gliederung in Bücher entspricht dem Umfang und dem Animus von Vorlesungen und anderen Lehrveranstaltungen, die ich im Lauf meiner universitären Berufs- tätigkeit abzuhalten die Freude hatte. Absicht aller meiner Dozentenvorlesungen ist die Erweckung der curiositas, des Wissenserwerbs um des Wissens willen. Das Kompendium richtet sich an alle am Fach Interes- sierten, insbesondere aber an BiologInnen, MikrobiologInnen, ÄrztInnen, TierärztInnen, Biomedizinische AnalytikerInnen und an alle medizinhistorisch Interessierten. 0.0.01 Lehrveranstaltungsdaten Für das SS 2017 gilt – unter Vorbehalt jederzeitiger Änderungen – folgende Einteilung: DATUM ZEIT ORT THEMA PARASITÄRER ERREGER Montag 10:00 st - Seminarraum 2 des Hy- Organisatorisches, Vorschau, Das Hygiene-Institut 06.03.17 11:30 giene-Instituts (2. Stock) Hygiene-Institut als Gebäude Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Die österreichische Hygiene Der Hygiene-Lehrstuhl 13.03.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Die österreichische Parasitologie Toxoplasma gondii 20.03.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Der Parasitos der Antike, Entwicklung 27.03.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) der Figur, antike Literatur, Rezeption Parasiten in den empirisch- Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- analytischen Wissenschaften, 03.04.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Geschichte des Fachs Parasitologie Montag 10:00 st - Seminarraum 2 des Hy- Das Buch Moses, Antikes: Philoktetes, Medinawurm 24.04.17 11:30 giene-Instituts (2. Stock) Herakles, Äskulap Montag 10:00 st - Seminarraum 2 des Hy- Die Malaria in der Antike Kleinasiens: Plasmodium spp. 08.05.17 11:30 giene-Instituts (2. Stock) Der Tod des Alexanders Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Die Malaria in der Antike Europas Anopheles spp. 15.05.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Parasiten in Mumien, Blasenbilharzien, 22.05.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Parasitenstadien in Latrinen Trichuris trichiura Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Prominente Parasiten-Opfer, Skla- Fliegenmaden, 29.05.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) venhandel, weltweiter Handel Trypanosomen Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Parasitosen in der k.u.k. Monarchie, Trichinen, 12.06.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Entschwundene Parasiten Beulenmilbe Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Parasitosen und die Hexerei, Schweinebandwurm, 19.06.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Parasitenprozess Blutegel Montag 10:00 st - Kursraum des Hygiene- Parasiten in Märchen und Sagen, Historisch bedeutsame 26.06.17 11:30 Instituts (4. Stock) Zusammenschau, Wiederholung Parasitosen v9.23 - 2 - • 0.0.02 Abkürzungsverzeichnis 0.0.02 ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS ♂ ........................... Männchen ♀ ........................... Weibchen < ........................... kleiner als > ........................... größer als % ........................... Prozent, Teile von 100 aq. dest. ................ Aqua destillata, destilliertes Wasser dh .......................... das heißt DNS, RNS ........... (Desoxy-)Ribonukleinsäure EW ....................... Endwirt insb ....................... insbesondere, insbesonders Jht ......................... Jahrhundert Lx .......................... Larvalstadium zB L4: 4. Stadium Mill ........................ Millionen NÖ ....................... Niederösterreich Ö ........................... Österreich pi ........................... post infectionem, nach der Infektion s.l. ........................... sensu lato, im weiten Sinne s.str. ...................... sensu stricto, im engen Sinne STD ...................... sexuell übertragbare Krankheit va .......................... vor allem vChr ...................... vor unserer Zeitrechnung, vor Christus zB .......................... zum Beispiel; demonstrative Aufzählung zT .......................... zum Teil ZW ....................... Zwischenwirt blau ....................... wörtliche Zitate Redaktionells: Autor: Dr. Andreas R. Hassl Letzte Änderung: 06.02.2017 13:55:00 v9.22 Seitenzahl: 116 Wortzahl: 46700 Zeichenzahl: 309219 Filegröße als doc-file: 26,00 MB v9.23 - 3 - • Inhaltsverzeichnis INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 0.0 Präambel ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 0.0.01 Lehrveranstaltungsdaten ................................................................................................................................................. 2 0.0.02 Abkürzungsverzeichnis ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Inhaltsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 0.1 Geschichte der Hygiene in Wien ....................................................................................................... 7 0.0.01 Die Geschichte des Fachgebiets.................................................................................................................................... 7 0.1.02 Das Lehrfach I ............................................................................................................................................................... 11 0.1.03 Das Institutsgebäude am Gürtel ................................................................................................................................. 12 0.1.04 Das Lehrfach II .............................................................................................................................................................. 12 0.1.05 Die Wiener Parasitologie .............................................................................................................................................. 15 1.1 Einleitung......................................................................................................................................... 17 1.1.01 Parasiten in den Naturwissenschaften ........................................................................................................................ 17 1.1.02 Parasiten in der Vergangenheit .................................................................................................................................... 18 1.1.02.1 Der Parasitus der Antike ........................................................................................................................................... 18 1.1.02.2 Rezeption des Begriffs „Parasit“ .............................................................................................................................. 20 1.1.02.3 Rezente Definitionen eines Parasiten in den Naturwissenschaften ................................................................... 21 1.1.02.4 „Parasiten“ im äußeren Begriffshof und in anderen wissenschaftlichen Sphären ........................................... 21 1.1.02.5 Geschichte der Parasitenkunde ................................................................................................................................ 22 1.2 Alte Parasitosen und Mären rund um Parasiten ............................................................................. 27 1.2.01 Prähistorische Parasitosen ............................................................................................................................................ 27 1.2.01.1 Homo sapiens agrestis und Homo sapiens migrans ............................................................................................. 27 1.2.02 Historische Parasitosen ................................................................................................................................................. 30 1.2.02.1 Homo sapiens bellicosus und Homo sapiens fugitivus ........................................................................................ 30 1.2.02.2 Archäoparasitismus .................................................................................................................................................... 31 1.2.02.3 Antike Parasitosen außer Malaria ............................................................................................................................. 32 1.2.02.4 Prähistorische und antike Malaria ............................................................................................................................ 35 1.2.02.5 Postantike Malaria .....................................................................................................................................................
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