—

BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY

EMINENT MEN OF

ADA

of the Moral Feelings," published in 1833. In these works he has brought all the medical facts accumulated in the course of ABERCROMBIE, John, M.D., an his extensive experience and research to eminent physician and able author, was bear on various moral and metaphysical bom in Aberdeen on the 12th of October questions. In particular, he threw consider- 1780. His father, the Rev. George able light on the subject of dreams and Abercrombie, was minister of the East mental illusions, from which he drew his Parish Church in that city. His literary theory of a double consciousness. Dr education was received first at the Gram- Abercrombie was held in great and de- mar School of Aberdeen, and afterwards at served estimation by his contemporaries Marischal College and University, where in a measure beyond what might be he studied for four years, and took the imagined by readers of his writings. His degree of A.M. He studied medicine at active beneficence, guided by uncommon the University of £dinl)ur<:;h, taking his sagacity, prudence, earnestness, and Chris- degree of M. D. in 1803, and soon obtained tian zeal, although never obtrusive, was an extensive and lucrative practice in the recognised as his distinguishing character- Scottish metropolis as a physician. In istic. He was much beloved, as well as 1808 he married Agnes, daughter of David greatly honoured. Dr Abercrombie died Wardlaw, Esq. of Netherbeath, in fife- suddenly at on the 14th Novem- shire, by whom he had a numerous family. ber 1844. it is as the son-in-law of a fife proprietor ADAM, William, Right Honourable that Dr Abercrombie's name finds a place Lord Chief Commissioner of the Jury in this work. On the death of Dr Gregory Court, the son of John Adam of Blair- in 1821, Dr Abercrombie was appointed Adam, was born on the 21st of July 1751. physician to the King for . He He was educated at Edinburgh, Glasgow, was a fellow of the Royal Colleges of and Oxford ; and in 1773 was admitted a Phj^sicians and Surgeons, Edinburgh, and member of the Faculty of Advocates, a vice-president of the Royal Society of but never practised at the Scottish bar. In that city. In 1834 the University of 1774 he was chosen M.P. for Gatton, in

Oxford conferred on him the honorary 1780 for Stranraer, &c. , in 1784 for the Elgin degree of M.D., and in the following year burghs, and in 1790 for Ross-shire. At he was chosen Lord Rector of Marischal the close of Lord North's Administration in College in his native city. In 1837 he was 1782 he became barrister-at-law in . confirmed in the appointment of first phy- In 1794 he retired from Parliament to sician to the Queen in Scotland. But the devote himself to his profession. In 1802 writings of Dr Abercrombie contributed he was appointed Counsel for the East no less than his skill as a physician to the India Company, and in 1806 Chancellor maintenance of his fame. His purely pro- of the Duchy of Cornwall. In the same fessional works procured for him a high year he was returned M.P. for Kincar- place among the modem cultivators of dineshire, and in 1807, being elected both science ; but the most permanent monu- for that coimty and for Kiuross-shire, he ment to his memory are his "Inquiries preferred to sit for the former ; in 1811 he Concerning the Intellectual Powers," &c., again vacated his seat for his professional published in 1830, and the " Philosophy duties. Being now esteemed a sound lawyer, ADA FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. ADA

his practice increased, and he was consulted Mr Adam bore a warm part in Lord Howe's by the Prince of Wale-s the Duke of York, action, 1st June 1794. He appears to have and many of the nobility. In the course been then successively transferred to the of his parliamentary career, in consequence Barfleur, 98, and Monarch, 74, bearing of somethiufj that occurred in a discussion each the flag of his relative, the Hon. Sir during first the American war, he fought a G. K. Elphinstone, whose official approba- duel with the late Mr Fox, wliich happily tion he elicited for his signal services as ended without bloodslied, and gave occa- acting-lieutenant in command of the Squib sion to a joke by tlie latter—that had his gun-brig at the carrying of the important antagonist not loaded his pistol with Oorern- pass of Maysenbergh during the opera- ment po«,ler he (Fox) would have been tions which led to the surrender of the Cape shot. In 1814 he submitted to Government of Good Hope in 1795. In October of the the plan for trying civil causes by jury in latter year, being appointed acting-lieu- Scotland. In 1815 he was made a privy tenant of the Victorious, 74 (Captain Wm. councillor, and w;is appointed one of the Clark), he proceeded to the East Indies, barons of the Scottish Exchequer, chiefly and on 9th September 1796 iiarticipated, in with the view of enabling him to introduce company with the Arrogant, 74, in a long and establish the new system of trial by conflict of nearly four hours with six heavy jury. In 1816 an Act of Parhament was French frigates, under M. Sercey, which obtained, instituting a separate Jury Court tei-minated in the separation of the com- in Scotland, in which he was appointed batants after each had been much crippled, Lord Chief Commissioner, with two of the and the Victorious had suffered a loss of judges of the Court of Session as his col- 17 men killed, and 57, including her captain, leagues. He accordingly relinquished his wounded. Mr Adam, whom we subsequently situation in the Exchequer, and continued find offieiathig as acting-commander and to a|iply his energies to the duties of the captain from August 1796 to August 1797 Jury Court, overcoming by his patience, of the Swift sloop and Carysfort frigate, zeal, and urbanity, the many obstacles was at length, on his return to England in opposed to the success of an institution alto- the Polyphemus, 64 (Capt. Geo. Lumsdaine), g sther new to our Scotch practice. In 1830, confirmed to a lieutenancy, 8th February wien sufficiently organised, the Jury Court 1798, in his old shiji, the Barfleur, Captain was, by another act, transferred to the James Richard Dacres. On 16th May fol- Court of Session. On taking his seat on lowing he obtained official command of the the bench of the latter for the first time, Falcfjn, fire-ship, but was soon afterwards addresses were presented to him from the transferred to the Albatross, 18, and ordered Faculty of Advocates, the Society of with despatches to the Cape of Goed Ho])e, Writers to the Signet, and the Solicitors whence he ultimately accompanied an ex- before the Supreme Courts, thanking him peilition sent to the Red Sea, for the purpose for the important benefits which the intro- of intercepting the French in their medi- duction of trial by jury in civil cases had tated descent upon India. Having been conferred on the country. In 1833 he re- advanced to the command, 12th June 1799, tired from the bench ; and died at his house of La Sybille, of 48 guns and 300 men. in Charlotte Square, Edinburgh, aged 87. Captain Adam, while in that ship, assisted He married early in life a sister of the late at the capture and destruction, 23d August Lord Elphinstone, and had a family of seve- 1800, of 5 Dutch armed vessels and 22 ral sons—viz., John, long at the head of the merchantmen in Batavia Roads ; made prize Council in India, who died some years before in October following of 24 Dutch proas, him; Admiral Sir Charles Adam, M.P. ; four of which mounted 6 guns each ; on William George, an eminent king's counsel, 19th August 1801, off Mah^, the prmcipal afterwards Accountant-General in the Court of the Saychelle Islauds, he took, with the of Chancery, who died 16th May 1839, three loss only of two men killed, and a midship- month's his after father ; Lieutenant-Gene- man slightly wounded, after a gallant ral Sir Frederick, who held a command at action of twenty minutes amidst rocks and Waterloo, afterwai-ds High Commissioner shoals, and under fire from a battery on of the Ionian Islands, and subsequently shore, the French frigate La Chiffone, of Governor of Madras ; and a younger son, 42 guns and 296 men, of whom 23 were who died abroad. killed anil iill wnunded. On arriving with ADAM, Sir Ch.ikles, K.C.B., Vice- his ti.i|iliy at Madras he was presented by A dmiral of the Red, born on the 6th October the hisiuaiae (.'.impanyat that place with 1780, was the second son of the subject of an ek'L,^;ait swi.rd, valued at 200 guineas; the preceding sketch. This ofBcer entered anil the merchants at Calcutta also sub- the navy 1.5th December 1790, on board the scnbed for liim a sword and a iiiece of Royal Charlotte yacht. Captain Sir Hyde plate. Having at length returned to Parker, lying at Deptford ; and on removing England and lieen appointed to the com- in 1793 to the Robust, 74, commanded by mand, 23d May 1S03, of La Chiff'one, which his uncle, the Hon. George Keith Elphin- had been added to the navy as a 36-gun stone, was present as midshipman at the frigate. Captain Adam cruised with success investment and subsequent evacuation of in the North Sea and Channel until the Toulon. the Glory, In 98 (Captain John summer of 1805 ; and on 10th June in that | Elphinstone), •b .shilip he next joined, year, with the Falcon sloop, Clinker gun- ;

FIFESHIPvE BIOGRAPHY. ADA

1816. Being re-appointed to that vessel, 20th July 1821, heacccmipaninl I ;, ,,)-" IV. in his visits to Ireland ;in 4 Kr^,[hn>.\. :ii.d was occasionally engaged m M.wln,..- ,.n

11 • «,i.-. Mipri.-, ,1, rl under Ulu hatt.livs ..l K,.r:iu,|. :>. division otherroyal i)ersonages. of tliB Freiicli tlutiliii, cusistiiig of 2 in the Royal Sovereign on la.s pruuiutiuu to attaining oovvettes ;uid 15 gun vesiuls, carrying in flag rank, 27th May 1825 ; and all 51 guns, 4 eight-incb mortars, and 3 field the rank of Vice-Admiral, 10th January pieces, accnmiiauied by 14 transports. 1837, w-as subsequently employed as Com- While next in command, from 27th August mander-in-Chief in North America and the 1805 to Cth April ISIO, of the Resistance, West Indies, with his flag on board the 38, he witnessed Sh- .Julm AWirren's capture Illustrious, 72, from 17th August 1841 until (13th March ISUli) of the Marengo, SO, flag- May 1845, when he retired on half-pay. ship of Admiral Linois, and 40-gun frigate. Sir Charles Adam was nominated a K.C. I J. Belle Poule; brought a considerable quan- 10th January 1835. He represented in tity of freight home from Vera Cruz in ParUament, from 1831 to 1841, the con- February 1807; took, 27th December fol- joined counties of Clackmannan and Kin- Lord of the Ad- lowing, L'Aigle, privateer of 14 guns, and ross-shires ; was Fii-st Naval obtained the Lord- 6Gmen; conveyed a large body of general miralty from April 1835 ; of Kinross-shire 1st April 183!) officers to the coast of Portugal in 1808 ; Lieutenancy after, bore the King of the French frcnii and was appointed in 1840 one of the Elder Port Mahon to Palermo, and was otherwise Brethren of the Trinity House. In July actively and usefully employed. On remov- 1846 he again took office as First Sea Lord ing from the Resistance to the Invincible, of the Admiralty ; but on July 23, 1847, he 74, C'apt;un Adam commenced a series of was appointetl to the Governorship of Green- very effectual co-operations with the patriots wich Hospital. He married, 14th October on the coast of Catalonia, where, and on 1822, Elizabeth, daughter of Patrick Bry- other parts of the coast of Spain, he carried done, Esq., and sister of the Countess of on for a considerable time the duties of Mlnto. He ilied September 16, 1853. senior officer, and greatly annoyed the ADAM, Robert, architect, was born at enemy. In particular, at the defence of in 1728. He was the second sou Tarragona, in May and June 1811, he highly of Mr Wm. Adam, of Maryburgh, who, distinguished himself under Sir Edward like his father, was also an architect, and designed Hopetoun House, the Edin- tiodrington ; and in May 1812, he directed, who with characteristic zeal and ability, the ope- burgh Royal lulii-mary, and other buildings. rations which led to the capture of the town After studying at the University of Edin- of Almeria, where the castle of San Elmo, burgh, Robert, in 1754, proceeded to the situated upon an almost inaccessible rock, Continent, and resided thiee years in Italy. and all the sea defences and batteries which In July 1757 he sailed from Venice to protected the anchorage of the place, were Spalatro, in Dalmatia, to inspect the re- blown up. In June 1813, after a seige of mains of the palace of the Emperor Dio- five days, Captain Adam took, with assist- clesian. In 1762, on his return to England, ance fif Lieutenant-Colonel Prevost, of the he was appointed architect to the King, an 67th Regiment, the fort of St PhiUppe in office which he resigned two years after- the Col-de Balaguer, near Tortosa, armed wards, on being elected member of Parha- with 12 pieces of ordnance, including 2 ten- ment for the county of Kinross. In 1764 inch mortars and 2 howitzers, with a gar- he published, in one folio volume, a splendid rison of 100 officers and men. He Ukewise, work containing 71 engravings, and de- wliile in the same ship, acquired the ap- scriptions of the ruins of the jialace of Dio- proval of Sh- Edward Pellew, the Com- clesian and of some other buildings. In mander-in-Chief, and of the Board of Ad- 1773 he and his brother James, also an " jniralty, for the successful manner in which eminent architect, brought out The Works he conducted an important negociation with of R. & J. Adam" in numbers, consisting the Dey of Algeii-s, having for its object a of plans and elevations of buildings in Eng- cessation of the depredations wliich had been land and Scotland, erected from then' de- for some tune carried on by that potentate signs, among which are the Register House on the subjects of the Spanish Government, and College of Edinburgh, and the Glasgow Shortly afterthe Jiaying off of the Invincible Royal Infirmary. He died on the 3d March Captain Adam, on 16th May 1814, assumed 1792, and wasburied atWestminsterAbbey. the special and temporary command of th( The year before his death he designed no Impregnable, 98, bsaring the flag of H. R. H. fewer than 8 public buildings and 25 jirivate the Dxike of Clarence, in which ship he landed ones. He also excelled in landscape draw- the Emperor of Russia and the King of ing. His brother James, sometime archi- Prussia at Dover, on the evenng of the 6th tect to the King, and the designer of Port- June, and was afterwards present at the land Place—one of the noblest streets of grand naval review held at Spithead. He left London- died on the 17th Oct. 1794. From the Impregnable on the 2!)th of the latter them the buildings in the Strand derive their month, but was nominated, 15th Dec. follow- name, being the work of the two brotliers. ing, acting-captain of the Royal Sovereign ADAM, William PATracK, Esq. «£ yacht, in which he continued until 7th Feb. Blab-Adam, son of the late Admiral Su- ADA FIFESHIRB BIOGRAPHY.

Charles Adam, K.C.B., was bom in 1823, municated by the Synod of Fife for having and married in 1856 Emily, daughter of assumed the office of bishop, and supported General Wylie, C.B. He was educated for the measures of the Court for the overthrow the legal profession, and called to the English bar. Sulisequently he discharged with formally accused before the Assembly, and great credit the duties of a high civU post in his deposition was the result. Deprived of the East India Company's service. After his emoluments, and neglected even by his return home he was chosen to represent James, whose policy he had but too zealously the united counties of Clackmannan and promoted, Adamson was now left to endure Kinross in May 1859. As a statesman Mr sorrow, privation, aud sickness. He even Adam is held in high respect. His chief sought and obtained rehef for himself and characteristics are dignity and energy, his family from his ojiponent, Andrew Mel- accuracy and acuteness, with perfect self- vUle. He was subsequently, in compUance possession. It may not be uninteresting also with his professedly earnest entreaties, re- to state that Mr Adam is kind and benevo- leased by the Synod of Fife from their sen- lent in private life, as in public affairs he is tence of excommunication upon his trans- just and impartial. mitting a subscribed recantation of his views ADAMSON, Patrick, Archbishop of on which he had previously acted. The St Andrews during a very stormy period of genuineness of the document is unquestion- the Reformed Church of Scotland, a man able ; but the sincerity of his submission of brilliant talents and attainments, who, and the value to be attached to the recanta- through the allurements of ambition, drew tion are, from the circumstances under on himself great obloquy and much suffer- which they were made, still matters of ing, was born at Perth in 1536. In the ecclesiastical controversy. He died Feb. records of the period he is frequently named 19, 1592. It is pleasant to add that a Patrick Constance or Constantine. He beautiful little Latin poem, published in his studied at St Mary's College, St Andrews, works, and breathing a sjiirit of ardent and having embraced the reformed doc- piety, was composed by him a short time trines he was in 1560 invested with the before his death. A collected edition of his clerical office, and soon after became mini- works, in quarto, was published by his son- ster of Ceres, in Fife. As a preacher he in-law, Thos. Wilson, at London, in 1619. was eloquent and impressive ; and as a ADAMSON, John, was bom at Morton writer of Latin poetry he was little inferior of PitmilUe, Fife, about 1789, and entered to Buchanan, Arthur Johnston, or Andrew the navy, 21st June 1803, as midshipman Melville. About 1565 he quitted his pas- on board the Britannia, 100, Captain, after- toral charge, and in the capacity of tutor wards Rear-Admiral, the Earl of Northesk, accompanied James, the eldest son (A Sir under whom he fought as master's mate at James Makgill of Rankeillour, in Fife, Clerk- Trafalgar, 21st October 1805 ; and on the Register, in his travels to the Continent. completion of the victory was sent to assist At the Universities of Padua and Bourgeshe in navigating the Berwick, one of the cap- studied civil and canon law ; and upon his tured 74's. While next attached, from return to Scotland in 1570, when he married, 1806 until 1809, to the Lavinia, 40, Captain he vacillated as to the choice of the profes- Lord William Stuart, on the Channel and sion he should follow. Declining the office Mediterranean stations, he witnessed the of Principal of St Leonard's College, St surrender of a frigate and store-ship ; as- Andrews, which before his return Buch- sisted on different occasions in cutting seven anan had resigned iu his favour, he com- merchantmen from under the enemy's bat- naenced practice at the bar ; bat at the teries, and was once sent to Malta in com- urgent request of the General Assembly he bined charge of two prizes. Being invested resumed his original profession, and was with the command, in July 1809, of a gun- appointed minister of Paisley. In the con- boat mounting a loug 24-pounder forward, test between the supporters of prelacy and and a carronade abaft, with a complement royal supremacy in matters ecclesiastical of 37 men, Mr Adamson, who had not as yet Adamson professed a concurrence in the passed his examination, took an active part views of Melville, whose society he courted. in all the operations connected with the In 1575 he left his charge at Paisley on expedition to the Walcheren, and was par- being appointed chaplain to the Regent ticularly praised by the late Sir George

Morton ; iu 1577 he was appointed Arch- Cnckburn for ilie precision of his fire during bishop of St Andrews and primate of all the bombardment of Flushing. After fur- Scotland, aud though before being admitted ther service in the Formidable, 98, Captain he declared his adhesion to the primdples of James NicoU Morris, and Victory, 100, ecclesiastical polity contained in the Book bearing the flag of Sir James Saumarez (to of DiscipUne, few or none of his brethren a lieutenancy in which ship he was con- had any confidence in the sincerity of his firmed 6th July 1811), he joined, early in professions. Adamson resided sometime in 1812, the Hannibal, 74, bearing the flag of England as ambassador from James to Rear-A dmiral Sir Phihp Charles Durham,

Ehzabeth ; and after his return iu 1584 con- with whom he cfintinued actively to serve in tinued to correspond with Archbishop the Christian VII., 80, and Bulwark, 74, on Whitgift and Dr, afterwards Archbishop, the Home station until November 1813. Baucroft. In A])ril 1586 he was excom- He was then successively appointed senior 4 ALE FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. AND of the Elk, 20, Captain JohnCurran, lying originated the St Andrews Tract Society at Portsmouth, and Favourite, IS, CViptain for the ilistribution of the Montkly Vinitor, Hon. James Ashley Maude, in which latti-r over which he has ever since continued to vessel we find him returning lifune fr.jui j)resicle ; and it was a source of much grati- America with the ratification of the treaty Hcatiou to him in his latter days that this concluded at Ghent between Great liritain humble instrumentaUty for good ajipeared and the United States, and subsequently to be more or less appreciated and LJessed. employed in the East Indies in co-oi3eration In connection with this Society, about the with the army against the province of year 1839, he commenced a muuthly meet- Ciitch. The Favourite being paid off in ing for prayer, which, with the assistance June 1S17, Mr Adamson remained unem- of several young friends, he carried on for jiloyed until November 1825, when he ob- several years. Generally at these meetings tainetl an api^ointment as agent for trans- he was accustomed to read a sermon or ad- ports afloat. He continued in that service, dress from some printed volume, and in this commanding successively the Vibilia, Hope, way many of Bradley's sermons, and White Cato, and Neva transports in every quarter (of Dublm's) addresses were read to crowded of the globe, until again placed on half-pay audiences on week-tlay evenings in the 22d May 1832, on which occasion he re- Madras College. His earnest and impres- ceived a very flattering, unsolicited letter of sive manner of delivery made these Services apjn-obaticjn from the Commissioner at the interesting and attractive. Sometimes he head of the transport department. He has was in the habit of giving discourses of his sbice been professionally unemployed. ownatthesemeetings, and during one winter ALEXANDER, Andkew,LL.D., Prof., a series of lectures on the Character and St Andrews, was a native of the neighbour- History of Abraham, and during another, a hood of Glasgow, where he attended first its series on the Conversion and Restoration of High School, and afterwards was one of the the Jews, were delivered with great accept- most distinguished students at its College. ance. His appearances in the pul|jit in He was a college companion of Dr Muir, of Edinburgh, for wlioin through Ufe he con- tinued to cherish a warm re-ard (a regard which was cordially reciprocated), and with whose general sentiments he largely sympa- thised. Dr Alexander was tutor tor some time in the family of Lord Colchester, Speaker of the House of Conunons. He LL.D. from Marischal College, Aberdeen. also acted as assistant to the Professor of He took a deep interest in the Church Ex-

Latin in his native Universiiy, fi'om which tension movement ; subscribed to the erec- he was taken, in 1S18, to fill the Chair of tion both of St Mary's and Strathkinness

Moral Philosophy in King's College, Aber- Chapel ; and at the ojiening of the latter deen; and in 1820 he was selected for the place, preached a sermon wdiioh was after- ' chair of Professor of Greek in the Univer- wards remodellei-l and published as ' Lec- sity of St Andrews, which he retained till tures on Church EstabUshments." The his decease. His connection with this Uni- volume was very favourably received at the versity gives him a place in our pages. Of time, aiid is stUl worthy of attention. the manner in which he performed the duties V"ears brought on many infirmities, and of that office, one who knew hkn well, says : greatly narrowed the field of his usefulness. —" Throughout his whole incumbency he But to the last he continued to take a deep seems to have possessed in a rare degree the interest in the reb'gious questions of the day, faculty of attaching the students to him, and and on Christian union—a subject which he the tribute of respect paid him some years pressed earnestly and often on various sec- ago was one of the most successful of its tions of the Church. His latest effort was a kind. When 1 svas myself a student under lecture delivered in Dundee. He published him, he was in fall vigour, and was one of a " Form of Morning and Evening Prayer," the professors most highly esteemed for for use among operatives in large factories, kindliness of manner, his earnest desire for displaying the same earnest, large-hearted the progress of his students, and his deep spirit that characterised him in more vigo- interest in their spiritual welfare. His Sab- rous days. Having for some years given up bath evening class for the reading (accom- preaching, he subsequently resumed his panied by expository remarks) of the Greek functions, and was a most popular and at- New Testament was greatly valued by the tractive preacher—with powers of eloquence more earnest students, and was in the then which arrested and commanded attention. state of St Andrews a great boon to them. He was frequently, as an elder, a member Here was one at least who felt we had souls of the General Assembly, and spoke in that to be cared for, and w.-is not frightened to court. His views as a churchman and a break through the l)onds a freezing routine Christian were liberal and catholic. He hadimiiosed, that he mi^ht speak to us about view-ed with the deepest regi'et the Free matters of the dee|.est concern. Tins spirit Church secession, but adhered without hesi- of earnestness sought \ent for itself in otl.er tation to the Church of Scotland. He was ways sliU less connected with l]i^ otfieial greatly respected by aUdenuminationsinSt l>ositiou. M(.'re than tweut}' year- ag>> he Audrews as a man of upright and Christian riFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. AND

sections and maps in the Highland and sionally somewhat peculiar traits of cha- Agricultural Society's Transactions of 1840. racter, was really, and by the common con- He enjoyed also the distinguished honour sent of those who knew him best, a good of having several fossils caUed after him man. In 1854, after his increasing defeft by Agassiz and Huxley. A paper on the in hearing, he was obliged to employ an "Conflicts of Science," in the Christian assistant in the Greek classes. He died in Ma{/azineioT October 1854, marks the scien- 1859 after a comparatively short illness. tific habits and extensive reading of the ANDERSON, John, D.D., minister of learned author. The " Fhsk Address" of Newburgh, was born at that town about 1843 showed strongly his views on the con- tje year 1796. His father was a general troversy of the Disruption—it sold in tens merchant there, and held the resjionsihle of thousands, and went through several office of a nuigistrate of the burgh for the editions. His interest in Sabbath schools long periinl of 42 successive years. His is evinced by his '* Catechism on the Lord's mother was the daughter of a wealthy Prayer," and other contributions of a Strathearn farmer, and sister of the Rev. similar kind. He was a member of the i;>r Stuart, sometime minister of Newburgh. British Association, and a constant at- I\Ir Andersen received the rudiments of his tendant of its meetings, where he read education in the jiarish school of his native several exceUent papers on geology. It town, and at an early period began to may here be of interest to recal the fact that manifest superi(»r V)0weis, making rapid in i859, at the Aberdeen meethig, he read progress in aU those branches of a hberal an elaborate paper " On the Remains of education which form a necessary prepara- Man in the Sujierticial Drifts," in the course tion for the ministry. Having cnmiileted of which he controverted the views of Sir his preparatorystudies, Mr Audersou entered Charles Lyell and others as to the antiquity the , where he of the human species ; and which evoked remained seven sessions, and took jjrizes in from Sir Charles a strong expression of every class he attended. He afterwards c(mcurrence, particularly as to the caution proceeded to Edinburgh and finished his necessary to be observed on arriving at con- philosophical and tlieological courses ; and clusions as to the antiquity of the humari having passed his examination as a pro- race founded on the association of bones in bationer with much honour and credit, he with human remains. Dr Ander- was duly licensed to preach the Gospel by son subsequently ijubhshed this paper the Presbytery of Cupar. In 1821 he was pamphlet form. We understand he had in presented to the church and parish of Dun- jireiiaration for the press a work to be en- bamey, and continued there tiUlSSS, when a titled " The Course of Revelation," being a vacancy having occ>n:red in Newburgh, and sequel to his former work—namely, " The the patron having granted a leet of three to Course of Creation." In reference to the the congregation, Mr Anderson obtained " Monograph of Dura Den" we may state, the appointment by nearly the unanimous that in 1859 Dr Anderson was associated selection of the voters. During the long with the late Dr George Buist and Jlr period which has since elapsed the subject David Page in bringing to hght the remark- of this memoir (who received the degree of able geological phenomena of that district, D.D. in 1840) proved himself to be a sound the discovery of the fossil fishes of which and orthodox divine, firmly attached to the has rendered that locality of late years a Church of Scotland, and an able defender source of great attraction to the geological of her doctrines. As a preacher he was student. Indeed, it was principally through serious and impressive, inculcating the great Dr Anderson's advocacy that two successive duties of Christianity with plainness and grants were obtained from the British As- simplicity, and without the slightest degree sociation to prosecute the geological re- of enthusiasm. Indefatigable in the dis- searches in that now classical locality. Nor charge of his professional duties, Dr Ander- was he less assiduous in elucidating the son devoted a portion cf his leisure hours history of Lindores Abbey, Macduft's Cross, to the gratification of his literary and scien- and other objects of antiquarian interest tific tastes. As a geologist he was one of which lay within his parish. As chaplain the most distinguished of his day. Of his of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Fife, he contributions to that science during the hist officiated at hiyiug the foundation of various 25 years it is impossible for us, in a sketch pubhc edifices througliout the county. It was mainly through liis instrumcntahty that the " Bell School" of Newburgh waii esta- Den,' 'The Coi of Creation," and blished, and in many respects his parish was 'The Geology of_ Scotland." This last much benefited by his influence and his forais the leading introductory part of the exertions. He took great interest in the "Pictorial History of Scotland," by Virtue & promotion of his congenial studies, and was Co. "The Course of Creation" has been the author of a motion in the General As- successfully pubUshed in the United States sembly of ISlJO for making the study of of America, and has run through several natural science comjiulsory on students of editions. Dr Anderson contributed the the Established Church. He also took great Gold Medal Prize Essay on the Geology of delight in the modern system of pubhc lec- Fifeshire, and which was published with tures, and gave frequent and gratuitous AND FIFESIlIliE BIOGRAPHY.

serviCB to many of the ass.ici:) ush out the county, regarditiL,' tlir-ir Ir, tiin-s ai truth lay, and gave his judgment accord- an excellent means nt I'pnlari^in^' his ingly. He w.is probably one i of tl.e best favourite studies. rin:illy, I )r .\u.lersoi police magistrates that ever sat on a bench was one of those peculiarly-gifteil men wh( - making the delinquent feel and smart for can make science pleasant, if not fasci his offence but without any apj r ach t nating, by imparting to it the chann of undue severity At the general and d tr ct

jxietic interest. The late rev. Dootorwas th roa I n eet „s tl 1 ce 1 u llv v

tinguished for his gentlemanly bearing ai 1

urliauity of mannei-s ; and in the social circle he was a universal favourite on ac count of his flow of spirits and his greit

conversational powers. This learned an 1 amiable man died on March 16, 1804, at Nice, in the 68th year of his age, and has left an only son— the Eev. John Anderson " minister of Kinnoul, and author of The ra bed I ^ 1, t t m " Pleasures of Home," Glencoe," "Bible than CO I ct 1 1 1 r» th „ U f u i r Incidents," and \'arious articles in reviews tint pubUc juesti n he was direct n„ h ANDERSON, Alkx.undek, of Montrave I n 1 wl n so su Idenly taken aw ay Tl life in early entered the East India C'on official o 1 tie nen of the county jo ne I ii pany's service. He went out to India m the general lamentation for the deceased, 1810 as cadet in the Madras Eugineern. The as he treated one and all with uniform kind- Astell, the ship in which he sadeil, in com- ness and consideration, and everywhere in- pany with two other Indiamen, were at- culcated the sound and acceptable precept tacked off the Mauritius by two French —that public work should be well done and frigates. After a severe action the two properly remunerated. He was a general Indiamen struck their colours, but the favourite with a very large circle of friends Astell escaped, with, however, a heavy loss in and out of the county, and as a neighbour in killed and wounded. He was employed was much beloved. 'The hospitalities of in 1811 on the successful expedition against Montrave niU be held in agreeable remem- the Island of Java, under Sir Samuel brance. He died on 24th June 18.5.5, aged Auchmuty, and at the siege of Cornelis. 61, leaving a widow and seven children- He v^atu emjiloyed during the Mahratta war three of them young gentlemen in the India of 1817-18 ; was present at the battle of Company's Service—to mourn their irrepar- Mahidpore, and at the siege of Talneir, able loss. His remains were interred in the where he was severely wounded. He was family burying place in Scoonie churchyard also at the seiges of Chandas and Asseerghur with aUpossible privacy, in conformity with in 1818, after which he returned to enjoy a desire expressed by the deceased himself. his family estates in Fife. For the last ANDERSON, Captain Aley. John, of twenty;five years he resided constantly in the late 38th Native Infantry, H.E.LC.S. the county, and while devoted to improving Among those connected with Fife who fell and beautifying his property, he gave a large in the bloody war lately carried on in India portion of his time to the service of the was Captain Anderson, eldest son of the county. Many of those regulations which foregoing Major Anderson. This gallant work so well h n- the conduct of our pubhc officer haring served for some time in India business owe their existence to his wisdom received a furlough for three years, previous and forethought. To every department he to the breaking out of the Indian rebellion, frankly lent his able and ready hand. For and was residing at St Andrews with his a series of years he presided over the Finance wife and family when he was suddenly Committee, again over the Police Commit- called away to the scene of conflict, leaving tee, then over the County Prison Board, hose near and dear to him in Fife. On and Board for County Buildings. At the eceiving the order he accordingly hurried county meetings a lead was often assigned >ff, his youngest son dying a few days after to liim in important questions. The confi- lis departure. On reaching India he was dence reposed in him by the Commissioners attached to the Sikhs, and on the 9th of Supply showed their feeling that the in- March 1857, while bravely battling at terest as well as the honour and dignity of Lucknow, he was mortally wounded in the the county were alike safe in his hands. neck, and died almost immediately, leaving Only a few months before his death the a wife and three children to mourn over his Lord Lieutenant, with general approbation, early though honourable death in the service placed the deceased's name in the list of of his Queen and country. Deputy-Lieutenants, an honour he fully ANDERSON, George, Ferrybank, was merited. On the henoh at Quarter Sessions, rn at Kirkcaldy in 1787, his father being and in the district Justices' Courts, we a retired officer of the 17th Dragoons, who admired the deceased's uprightness and died in 1797. Mr Andersou was educated sagacity. He dealt to aU what he thought at Kirkcaldy, and entered the navy in 1804 impartial justice, and without fear or favour. on board the Moselle, in which he served He never entered the Court-room in connec- for two years in the North Sea, also at the tion with any party or pledged to any par- blockade of Cadiz, and subsequently in the —

AND FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. AND

Mediterranean anrl on the coiist of North Jible serinces he rendered it. He also t. ok America. He afterwards served for a short a prominent part in all the political move- time in the Acasta, and then in the P( ments of his time, strictly and consistently pine, in which vessel he continued for two advocating Liberal views, and greatly con- years, and joined in a good deal of active tributing to the successes of many of those service, principally on coasting expeditions keen party contests tor which the county of and night attacks on gun boats and shore Fife has been a famous battle-field. From batteries. In 1809 he was promoted to the first imposition of the Corn Laws he paymaster on bo.ard the Mercury, where he was their strenuous and uncompromising remained .about a year, and was then trans- opponent. He advocated his opinion witli ferred to the Roman. His last appointment his pen even previous to 1822, when was to the Fantome, in which he served only a small minority had an-ived at those from 1811 to 1814, when that vessel was convictions w'hich so long afterwards he lost on the coast of North America. Be- had the satisfaction of seeing spread and longing more properly to the civil branch strengthen by slow degrees into a trium- of the service, he could join in fighting phant cause, and subsequently into an almost expeditions only as a volunteer, but uni- universal faith. Endowed with great intel- formly did so, and usually had command of lectual power and indomitable energy, com- one of the boats. On many of these exjie- bined with the loftiest integrity and dis- ditions, and ]iarticularly in the Adriatic and interestedness of aim, he was a powerful Mediterranean, and in the Chesapeake, ally to his own party, and gained the re- Rappahannock, and Elk rivers. On one of spect, and in many cases even the warm these occasions he engaged in the cutting friendship of his opponents. He was con- out of a large polacre ship. La Nostra stant in his friendships as in his principles, Signora del' Rosaris, mounting eit;ht long open-handed in his charities, and ever ready six-pounders, m reference to which Captain to assist in every good work. In 1850 he Duncan in his official despatch writes : retu-ed from public life, purchasing the "When I consider that this vessel was beautiful estate of Luscar, in the west of moored to a beach lined with French Fife, where he resided tEl a few years ago. soldiers, within pistol shot of two batteries, He then sold that property, and came to a tower, and three gun-boats, carrying each reside at Ferrybank, near Cupar, where he a 24-pounder and thirty men, that from the died on 31st August 1863, closing a worthy baffling winds she was an hour and twenty hfe at the ripe age of seventy-seven, sur- minutes before she got out of range of grape rounded by his mourning family, and (the enemy maintained the heaviest fire I regretted by a large circle of friends. Mr ever saw), and that the attack at first Anderson was a keen sportsman both with was perfectly prepared for, I cannot find rod .and gun, and it was while on a fishing words to express ray admiration of the in- excursion at Lochleven that the iUness trepid conduct of aU, officers, seamen, .and attacked him which cut him off. On mariners, employed." For this and similar Friday the 4th September the remains of expeditions Mr Anderson was specially Mr Anderson were conveyed by special named in several Gazettes, and ultimately train, accompanied by a large number of received a medal with two clasps. He gentlemen from Cupar and district, to then- would no doubt have received many more last resting-place in Kirkcaldy churchyard. but for the arbitrary rule that clasps were On reaching the latter station the mournful only given for services for which some procession was considerably augmented by officer engaged got promotion. Mr Ander- many of the principal inhabitants of the son retired on half-pay in 1814, after which town, whose attendance testified to the he married and settled in Liverpool for high respect in which the deceased gentle- many years. In 1822 he removed to Havre man was held in the place where he formerly de Grace, where he resided for ten years as resided for so many years. In token of the managing partner of the well-known mer- deep feeling of regret felt by so many, the cantile house of Dennistoun & Co. In the bells tolled during the time of the funeral. same capacity he resided for two years in ANDERSON, The Rev. Jajie.s, mini- New Orleans, and then retired from that ster of the Established Church, Cults, was firm to settle once more in his native town born in 1804, and studied at Glasgow and of Kirkcaldy, where he took charge of the Edinburgh Universities. He was after- branch of the Glasgow Bank (afterwards wards for some time tutor to the Earl of merged in the Union Bank). He continued Hojietoun's family, at Ormiston, and on there for the very long period of seventeen being licensed to preach was for a short years, during which he was twice elected period stationed at Largoward as a mis- Provost of the burgh, and took a most sionary. Tiie United College of St Andrews active part in all public matters connected presented him to the parish of Cultsm 1839, with the locality.. Amongst many con- at which time he was ordained^jy the siderable improvements which he carried Presbytery of Cupar. The clerkship of the out during his reign, that of which he was Presbytery having become vacant by the most justly proud was the erection and death of the Rev. Mr Birrell in 1842, Mr organistition of the Burgh School. This Anderson was elected to that office, the building will stand a monument to the duties of which he discharged with great interest he took in education, and the v.alu- acceptance. He was a person of very AND FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. ANS active habitfs ; and having niaiio lii e time of King David I. who master of tlie laws of tliu Cl.uicli, he 1 distinction was William, Lord pared a liook of Church Funus witli a ler. He had abeady a noble to publication, but was autici|)atcd i) ! was not the founder of his project by one nearly similar troni an was a son of the noble race hand. In other of departments he Iain in , and the year 1100 he was more successfully, as may be 1. sliowii lost considerable of the barons "Minister's Directory,"an excellent boi' t is not known how long his students, which has run throii^Ii tn ail iioi.-e-ised the barony of three editions; and by his " Li-lit I'etuiv tliat period. It is more Darkness," consisting of a series .it' in- it he ^\a.s a foreign nobleman, for those in affliction. Forsome time 1. '.1 a -r f lands from King )iis death Mr Anderson experienced a yie.it he case with so many dia- deal of family affliction, having lost" two tinguit s at that period. Few, daughters, which so preyed __,. . upon his mind however, Ijrought with them a family name. that he became a victim to heart „. The gi-eater number of the ancient races in There was something peculiar in the m< Scotland sprang from ancestors who had no of his death. While driving in a car name except that of their lands, and it is an to a meeting of the Presbytery, along with honour to the house of Anstruther to be a friend, the vehicle suddenly came in con descended from an ancestor already noble tact with a )iassing cart, and in consequence so early as 1100 ; a fact which determines of the shock he fell, and received several the ascertained nobility of the family for injmies. This, however, did not deter him eight hundred years. William de Candela from going to the Presbytery and perform- is known to have been Lord of Anstruther mg his duties. He afterwards transacted about the year 1100, but there is no origi- some other business in Cupar, and then nal grant of the barony to show the exact visited the house of a friend, where he took year in which it was first conferred on him iU, and it was considered necessary to con- or on his ancestor. He lived through the vey him home in a close carnage. During reign of David I., and did not die until the the evening and throughout the course of commencement of that of Malcolm IV., the night the illness continued, when he fell who ascended the Scottish throne in the into a sort of stupor, and gently breathed year 1153. His sou Wilham, Lord of his last, on 30th September 1863, in tht Anstruther, was a pious benefactor to the 59th year of his age, and 24th of his ministry. Abbey of Balmerino, and died in the reign He was an active, faithful, and useful clergy- of King William the Lion, which com- man, much and justly regretted by his menced in 1105. His son, Henry, in com- brethren. He left a widow, two sons, and phance with the usage of Scotland, assumed two daurfiters, to mourn his sudden death. the name of his lands as his surname, and ANDERSON, Colonel John, a dis- disused that of De Candela. He is styled tinguished engineer officer in the Ea Henricus de Anstruther Domiuus de India Company's service, died at the siej Anstruther, in a charter wherein he confirms of Lucknow from excessive fatigue. F his father's pious donations to the Abbey ot was born at Starr, in the parish of Kilman- E.'dmerino,in 1221, in thereignot Alexander on the 2d September 1809. He was tL_ II. Hisson Henry, Lord of Anstruther, was youngest son of James Anderson, tenant of also a pious benefactor of religious houses, Starr. In 1829 he was appointed ensign ir as we leai-n from charters granted durin" the E.I.C. Engineer Service, and .at the out the reign of Alexander HI. He was I break of the Rebellion was appointed chief crusader, and accompanied St Louis to the engineer officer in the Oude district. He East. He assumed for his arms the three was in command of the Engineers at the nails of the cross, now represented by three siege of Lucknow, and was honourably piles sable on a silver shield. In his old mentioned in the despatches of General age he was compelled to swear fealty for his Inglis. Colonel Anderson was twenty-eight barony of Anstruther to Edward I., in years in India, never having returned home 1292 and 1296. For many generations the durmg all that period, but he had his chiefs of this family were munificent bene- arrangements made to return when the factors to religious houses. In the reign of rebellion broke out. He left a widow and Louis XTI. of France two sons of the family large family. Two of his sons are officei-s held high commands in the Scottish Guards, in Her Majesty's service. attending the person of that monarch and ANSTRUTHER of Anstruther, The his successor. In 1513 Andrew, Baron of Family of. Before giving the lives of Anstruther, was killed, along with James several illustrious cadets of this ancient IV., atFlodden. His grandson of the same house, we premise a short history of the name was killed at Pinkie in 1547. Su- James, fomUy itself. In the year 1100, William de the thirteenth in descent from Candela was Lord William de of Anstruther. At that Candela, was high in favour with King esirly period it was customary for nobles to James VI. , by whom he adopt was knighted, in their surnames from their lands, and it 1.5S5^appointed^..„„ ^^,^^.„ „ hereditary Grand Carver to was rare to find a Scottish baron pos- who his Maiestv still held by his sessed a family name besides his territorial ' | descendant. In — Master of the '. of the few ancient Scottish Royal | Household. Sir William, his son, \ a

ANS FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. gentleman of the bedchamber to James VI., male descent from the founder of the family, and was made a Knight of the Bath at his and who succeeded his youthful nephew in coronation in London in 1603. His brother, 1S31. He was not long in possession before Sir Robert, was a diplomatist of great emi- he became mextricalily involved, and at nence. He was employed by James I. and length, after many years, he succeeded in Charles I. on many important embassyes. breaking the entail of the Anstruther In 162S he was sent as ambassador extra- estates, and sold them in 1856, together ordinary to his mastei-'s near connectinn, with the mansion of EUe House, to one of the Bang of Denmark, with whom he was the brothers Bau-J, who has thus come into in especial favour as a boon companion no possession of one of the most ancient family less than as a diplomatist. In a protracted properties in Scotland. Sir Windham revel the Danish King was so much de- Anstruther is still possessed of the great lighted with his company that he actually Carmichael estates in Lanarksliire, whicli resigned the Danish Cnnvn to him, with are in eiiual value to those behasabenated. " which Su- Robert was invested during the In the Rev. Mr Wood's History of the remaining davs of the feast. In 1G29 he East Neuk" we find the following curious was ambassador to the Emperor of Ger- anecdote :—Sir James Anstruther, tile father of are now to siieak, many ; and he was sent by Charles I. and of the knight whom we the Elector Palatine as their plenipotentiary was much connected with the Court of to the Germanic Diet at Ratisbon, and Queen Mary. He was master of the house- in leSO he was ambassador to the princes hold and heritable carver, and received the of Germany at Helibronn. The ambassa- honour of knighthood. His son was, there- dor's son. Sir Plulip, was a most zealous and fore, born in a courtly atmosphere, and devoted royalist. He had a high command naturally became attached to his sovereign, in the King's army, and was taken pvi- King James, who was about his own age. soner at the battle of Worcester. He was It is said that, on one occasion, Su- William severely fined by Cromwell, and his estates Anstruther, on entering the royal presence, were sequestered until the Restoration. He observed a smile on the jtaces of the courtiers, lived imtil 1702, and saw two of his sons which he was convhiced had some connec- created, in the same year, 1694, baronets of tion with his own entry. After paying his Nova Scotia. He had five sous, two of duty to his sovereign, he took his place in whom were baronets, and three knights. the circle, and by-and-bye inquired into the 1. Sir PhiUp, who carried on the line of the cause of the signs of mirth which he had " family. 2. Sir James, whose Une is ex- observed. Why, Sir WilUam," said the " tinct. 3. Sir Robert, ancestor to the lord to whom he addressed himself, we baronets of Balcaskie. 4. Sir Philip, who heard j our footsteps as you came along the had a daughter married to the Earl of gaUery, and His Majesty" "Ay, Traquair. 5. Sir Ale.'iander, who married man," inteiTupted King James, who had " the ijaroness of Newark, and was father of overheard the question, His Majesty said the third and fourth Lords Newark. Sir that it could be none other than the burly Robert, the third son, was created a baronet laird of Anst'er that was at the door, for in 1694. His son, Sir Philip, second Baro- nane o' them a' had sae heavy a tread as " net of Balcaskie, married a grand-daughter you." Weel may I tread heavy," said of the Marquis of Tweeddale, by a daughter Sir William, kneeling before the King, of the Earl of Buccleuch, and had issue, 1. " when I can-y the haiU lands of Austruther Sir Robert, who can-ied on the line of his on my back. r.utabi>on, my liege, a boon," family, and was great-grandfather to Sir added he, while a twinkle of irrepressible

Robert, the present baronet ; 2. Colonel John drollery lurked about the corner of his eyes. Anstruthcr, whose son, John Anstruther, " Ou, ay," said the good-natured monarch, its ' took the name of Thomson for the estate of "ye're jast Uke the lave o' them ; aye a Charleton, and was father of the present Sir boon, a boon.' I'm thinkiu' if Solomon had Anstruther Thomson of Charleton, who is my place, he wadna hae said tliat the horse- twenty-first in direct male descent from the leech had twa daughters, for there are half founder of the House of Anstruther. Sir a bunder about me, daily crj-in' 'Give, WUUam Anstruther, the old royahst's give.' But let's hear your request," said eldest son, whose biography we will im- he. perceiving that there was a mixture of mediately give, was created a baronet in jest and earnest in his manner which be- 1694. By a daughter of the Earl of Had- tokened some amusement, and King James dington he had a son. Sir John, who dearly loved a laugh. "Sire," said the married Lady Margaret Carmichael, eldest knight, " I carry, as I said, the haiU lands daughterof the second Earl of Hyndford— of Anstruther on my back, and my suppli- most fortunate alliance, as it has saved the cation is, that I may have leave to wear eldest branch of the house of Anstruther them .as long as they wiU stick to me." from beggary. On the extinction of the hou 5e "Troth, man," said the King, "I ken na of Hyndford, by the death of Andrew, last preceesly what ye mean ; but rise up, rise Earl, in 1817, the great Carmichael estates up. Sir William, let's look at ye. Odds, devolved upon the Baronet of Anstruther as man, I begin to hae some glimmer of yer heir-general of the family, and these estates Curpose. Saw ye ever sieh raiment ?" said are now all that remain to the present e, looking round to the smiling courtiers, Baronet, who is the twenty-first in direct as he examined a suit made of the richest 10 ; —

FIFESHIKE BIOGRAPHY. AN.S

got a charter from I »ueen .\ nne, dated 20th A|.ril, -of the baronies ot .Vi,.-,trutber and Ardross, and mauy other l.uids, with the heritable badiary of the lor.Miip and regality It'll n.> I.e liOiM tb.it the lauds uf Aiibt'cr '1 of I'ittenweeui, aud the olhces of searcher, stick to yu, if ye carry ou at tbis rate.' and giving cockets for the ports of An- ' Sir," said Sir William, again bendini,' be struther and EUe." The same charter con- fcire his .sovereign, " the haill landi stituted Idm "heritably one of the cUai ciilii;

Anstruther are now on my back ; what or carvers. " He was at the same time ap- hououra my master's Court I couut not Ii.)inted Master of the Household. On the wastry, (iive me but what I ask, that my Uth November 17U4 he was nominated one lands shall cleave to me as long as 1 can of the Lords of Justiciary, in the room of wear them." The petition wa« granted, the Lord Aberuchil, anil died at his lodgings in knight returned home, the suiierb court Edinburgh, on the24thday of ./aunary 1711. dress was dotted, and the kini,' was, l>y and ANSTlt LI THE U, the Right Honourable that .Sir WUlii to ke Sir John, of Anstruther, B.ironet, a dis- his lauds as long as he could wear his coat tinguished lawyer, was born aljout the year he was determined not to he in any baste to 1704, aud succeeded his brother, Sh- Philip, wear it out. The velvet suit was preserved in 1SU8. Sir Jolm was cre.ited a baron.-t of for many generations as an heir-lutan in the ( heat Britain on the 18th .May 17:is, when family, and was at last cut into hbvids liy constituted Chief Justice of the Suia-eme an old lady whose iiro])ensities for turning Courtof.ludicatureinBrii,'al. He married to account all odds and ends outweighed her Jl.iria, dani^hter of Edward I'.riee, i';~M., of veneration for the ancient garment and the r.eniu-sStreet, Loudon, and bad i-,ue :- ancient story. The anecdote has generally John, Us vurer-,.a- ; W Uldlia'ii, tlu- piv^ellt been tacked on to the story of Fisher Willie baronet; Marianne, who niaiiiid ou the and the Laird of Thirdpart, as though it de- 2od March IS:!;;, James Anstruther, Escj. tailed the scheme by which Sir WilUam of TiUyeoultry. Indian Sir John (a.< he AiLstruther obtained a royal jiardon for the was called) retired from the bench ill LSOO, slaughter of Thirdpart. But the incident aucl afterwards became reiiresentative in evidently l>elongs to a different period ; and Parliament for the eastern district of Fife the tr.idition tb.it tlie court

Session at the Revolution, (..,ik bi,^ . eat on whom he b.i, the bench I ui the 1st i\n\Ludier H .Ml, and Charles Jan, shortly after was nominated one ..f His secondly, Ann ' I r..f Allei Majesty's Pli\y L ouneil aud E veheouer. WUliamson (.., LV ller b.u He was, as elsewhere mentioned, ei.ated a issue :-Wmdh.. .ay ; iMari baronet m IG'Jl ; and the .lua Sir Wind same year aUo Constance ; ANS FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. ANS ham is the eighth baronet of Nova Scotia, venership by John Whyte Melville, Esq., and fourth of Great Britain. who still holds the office. Some years ago ANSTRUTHEK, Sii- Ralph Abeb- Sir Ralph was ap^iointed Rector of bt CKOMBIE, of Balcaskie, Baronet, was born Andrews University, and was all along on the 1st March 1804, and died at Bal- very popular among the students. Tins caskie, on the 18th of October 18G3, in the office, hke that of the Convenership, he felt sixtieth year of his ajre. He succeeded his obliged to resign from faiUng health. Sir grandfather, Sir Robert Anstruther, as Ralph married, on the 2d September 1831, fourth baronet in 1818. Sir Ralph was the Mary Jane, eldest daughter of the late son of General Anstruther, who entered the Major-General Sir Henry Torrens, K.C.B., Guards at a very early period of life, and by whom he had three sons and two after a number of successful campaigns dis- daughters, aU of whom, with the exception tingiiished himself at the celebrated battle of his second son [vide Henry Anstruther] of Vimiera, and subsequently commanded survive. In private fife Sir Ralph was the rearguard of the army, which he much esteemed by all parties, and ardently brought safely into Coruuna, where he loved by an attached family. The urbanity died next day of exhaustion. His remaiiLS of his manner, the kindness of his disposi- were interred within the citadel, and Sir tion, and his hberaUty to the poor and to John Moore, by his own desire, was buried all benevolent objects, won for hiji the by the side of the accompH?hed and gallant warmest admiration and attachment. He general. Sir Ralph was for some time is succeeded in the baronetcy and estates, Captain in the Grenadier Guards, and if he which consist of Balcaskie and Leven in did not distinguish liimself during his con- Fife, and Br.-iemore Lodge in Caithness, by nection with that fine regiment, as his Colonel Robert Anstruther, his son, an able father had done before him, it was only officer in the Rifle Volunteers of Fife. because he had not the opportunity. On ANSTRUTHER, Henkt, was the the occasion of the first general election second son of Sir Ralph Abercrombie after the passing of the Reform Bill, Sir Anstruther of Balcaskie, Bart. His father

Ralph contested the St Andrews burghs in was a soldier's son ; his mother a soldier's the Conservative interest, against Mr John- daughter. He was bom at Balcaskie on the ston of RennyhiU ; but the latter was the 4th June 1836, and entered the army in successful candidate, though not by a great 1852. He was but a stripling of sixteen majority. A change of circumstances, when he first grasped the colours of the however, gradually modified Sir Ralph's Royal Welsh Fusiliers, the gallant 23d regi- poUtical sentiments, and he afterwards ment. The regiment was then commanded became more a Liberal than a Conservative. by his uncle, the late Major-General Sir In all coimty matters Sir Ralph took an Arthur W. Torrens, Deputy Quartermaster active interest, and lent valuable assistance General, the brother of his mother—Lady in discussing questions coming before the Anstruther. Ere he enrolled in the Queen's Commissioners of Supply. As a mark of service there is every reason to believe that the esteem and high sense of his abilities he entertained serious thoughts of religion, entertained by the county gentlemen, he was a consequence of his excellent home culture elected their Convener in 1855—an ofiice under religious parents ; nor did he forget which, as General Lindsay of Baloarres those precious lessons. In an extract from used to remark, is the highest honour that one of his letters, dated 3d August 1854, can be conferred upon a county gentleman. Guards' Camp, Gevrechle, he says—"I After the death of the late Onesipherus pray that God may take away my hard Tyndal Bruce, Esq. of NuthUl, joint Con- heart, and give me a heart to know and vener with General Lindsay, the latter gave love Him for Chi-ist's sake." The next ex- in his resignation, and Sir Ralph was tract is very touching The letter from appointed to the oflfice. He held the Con- which it is taken was written when the venership till 1860, when he was obliged to army was being decimated by cholera, and resign in consequence of ill health, which is dated Camp Monastir, 18th August 1854. from that time till the day of his death " Thank my dear mother for continued to decline. Dming the five years her little tract and hymn, and tell her that he occupied the county chair, he acquitted I will be sure to learn it by next Sunday, himself with a kindliness and forbearance, as if 1 were going to say it to her in the yet with a dignity an

ANS FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. ANS

.'he ex|wilition to the Crimea had been de- burial are the subject. It may also be men-

erniiiied on ; the jtreparations are well nigli tioned that the lines are from the elegant

ompleted ; in a few days they will sail pen of the Dean of Westminster, and that i-oiii Vania to Eupatoria "I the author personates a friend whose letter rust luy dearest mother that I do think gave a graphic account of the fatal news jore seriously than 1 used to do, and I tluuk of the young soldier's death, with the sad feelsomiiehionre comfort iu my IJible : closing scene of his burial. ;the AFTER THE BATTLE. some \ erse suits my condition when I feel rather doon at the thoughts that I may We crowned the hard-won heights at length.

never see you all again. ... I shall Baptized in tlamo and fire ; have to cari-y the colours in any operation We saw the foenian's sullen strength, we undertake, so I must take care that no Forced, grimly, to retire.

Kussian gets hold <.f them. . . . I wiU Saw close at hand, then saw more far. take care that my Bible is sent to you, my Beneath the battle sinuke, The ridges of the sliattered war. darling mother ; it is the only thing I value. That brolie and ever broke. . . . . I cannot bear to think that you one, a Scottish household's pride. should have to read this melancholy letter, But Dear many ways to nie. but it must be dune God bless Who climbed that death path by my side, liee|> you is and aU my earnest prayer ; and X sought, but could not see. grant that we may all meet again. Give my Last seen, what time our foremost rank best love to dearest papa ; do not let him That iron tempest tore- distress himself very much about me. . . He touched, he scaled the rampart's bank, That God may bless and keep you all, Seen then, and seen no more. whatever happens, is the earnest prayer Our friend to aid, I measured back of your affectionate son, H. Our With him that pathway dread A." ; next extract bears date the 21st September, No fear to wander from our track, English the day after the battle of the Alma. By Its landmarks— dead. this time the troops had all landed. They Light tliickened ; but our search was crowned, too well divined had left their camp, and were on their way As we And after briefest quest we found to Sebastopol, when they encountered the What we most feared to find. Bussians in position and in force on the His bosom with one death-shot riven. banks of the Alma. An action was fought The warrior boy lay low on the 20th —brief but glorious. It was a ; > the heaven. baptism of fire above and of blood below. His feet i !foe. Henry Anstruther had been anticipating that As he had fallen uj [ the pla: his first fight would lie Ins last, and he was Inviolate he lay- preparing for it aeoorc lingly. With a beloved No rutfiau spoiler's hand profane companion, on the Monday previous to the Has touched that noble clay. battle-day ( Wednesday), he went out from And precious things he still retained, the camp, and on the liillsiite above it they Which by one distant hearth. read and prayed together. For months he Loved tokens of the loved, had gained had been looking at death, and he could A worth beyond all worth. now look at it complacently, for it would I treasured these for them, who yet Knew not tlieir miglity woe appe.ar that Death's sting was gone. And ; ' I softly sealed his eyes, and set so he went to the battle without fear. ' Ho One kiss upon his brow. carried the Queen's colours of the regiment. A decent grave we scooped him, where "When last seen alive he was within forty Less thickly lay the dead. yards of the Russian earthwork which cost And decently composed him there us so dearly, rather in advance of the line, Within that narrow bed. which, owing to the impetuosity of the at- Oh ! theme for manhood's bitter tears : tack and the nature of the ground, had be- The beauty and tlie bloom come somewhat extended, and by waving Ofs !uty B his sword in one hand and the colours in the Shut in tliat darksome tomb. other he seemed desirous of offering a rally- Of soldier sire the soldier son ing point for the men. Here he fell, shot Life's honoured eventide through the heart, and the ctdoiirs which he One lives to close iu England, one maiden battle died. carried w.as pierced by no less than twenty- In six balls, ami covered with his Wood." If And they that should h.av6 been the sympathy with the honoured fanuly who The mourner's part obtain : were thus plunged into deep distress could in any measure alleviate the bitterness of Bi-ief words we read of faith and pra the stroke, they had it in the unanimous Beside that hasty grave. ]iublic feeling of the count}^ and far beyond Then turned aside and left him ther' its bounds. Soon after the tidings of the The gentle and the brave. battle re.aeheil this country, the following I calling back, with tliaukful heart, verses appeared in the Timcii newspaper, With thoughts to peace allied. of date the loth October 1.S54, and it will he seen that Henry Austruther's death and : hillside. ANS FIFESHIEE BIOGRAPHY. ARN

And, comforted, I praised the gi'acc original seat of the Amots seems to have Which him had led to be been the u]ilands on the southern ^lope of An early seeker of that Face Bishop Hill, in Kiuross-sliire, a little east Which he should early see. H.C.T. of Lochleven. There the chief of the name In the church of St Monance a monument usive jiossessinns for nearly 700 de- has been erected to the memory of the year's ; there still stands, in good iireserva- ceased, bearing the following inscription :— tion, commanding a noble prospect of the "In memory of Henry Anstruther, Esq., loch and the vale of Leven, the stronghold second Lieutenant 23d Itoyal Welsh Fusi- of the family, Arnot Tower ; there arc liers, who was bom 4th .June 1830, and fell Arnot Hill and Little Arnot ; and in the in the battle of the Alma, 20th September vicinity there are still many residents of the 1854, wliile cariying the Queen's colours of name of Arnot—branches, no doulit, of the the regiment, this Monument is erected by old stock, fondly lingering around the homes the Clergy, Tenantry, and others connected of their fathers. It is curious that the with the Estates of Balcaskie, Watten, &c., derivation of the French name " Am.aidd," as a tribute to his simple faith, affectionate believed to be the same as the Scottish

heart, and undaunted courage ; and as a "Arnot," has been traced to the same token of their deep sorrow for his early but Celtic source. De Maguy (Le NobUiaire glorious death." Universe!, Paris, 1855) s.iy8—" The names, ANSTRUTHER, Sir Robert, of Bal- Amauld, Amaud, Arnoud, Araay, &c., caskie, Baronet, son of the late Sir Ralph are of Celtic origin, and signify, ' an in- Abercrombie Anstruther, was bom on 28th habitant of a mountainous region.' " And August 1834. He was an officer in the the principal charges in the shield of that Guards until 1862, when he retired with the French family are a clieverou (as the Scot- rank of lieutenant-coloneh He is now a tish Arnots have) and three hiUs, or hill- lieutenant-colonel in the Fife Regiment of tops, denoting tlieir mountainous origin. Rifle Volunteers. He succeeded his father Some chroniclers claim a high antiquity for

in 1863 ; and in 1864 he was elected M.P. the family of Arnot, assertmg that they for Fifeshire in room of the late J. H. E, obtained their lauds on the banks of Loch-

Wemyss, Esq. of Wemyss and Torrie ; and leven in the time of Kenneth M'Alpin has since been appointed Lord-Lieutenant (843-859 A.D.). Of this we shall only re- of the County. His jioUtical principles are mark, that perhaps it might be difficult to understood to be of the advanced LiVieral disprove it. There are traces of the Amots

school ; but he expresses himself wilUu in charters early in the twelfth century. support any measures provided they In the middle of that century, Amald, son such as he can consistently approve, and are of Malcohu de Arnot, is Abbot of Kelso, founded on the wants of the country and the and grants lands on Douglas Water "Theo- rights of the people. In private life Sir jpaido Flammatico," the first notable man Robert is regarded with the highest respect. of the Douglases (Douglas' Peerage). Ar- ANSTRUTHER, James Hj nald w.as afterwards Bishop of St Andrews, Lloyd, Esq. of Hintlesham Hall, the cathedral of which he is said to have of Suffolk, Avas Ijorn the 2tst U fduuikil— //fr/ntc« latere—and died in 1103. 1807, man-ied first, "U the (ith 1.1 Sir Michael Arnot, said to have married a 1838, Georgiaua Cbarl.itte, eldest dau-hter si:itir of the Earl of Fife, w!ie drowned at of the Hon. Liudsay Biu-rdl, and by W-i the seige of Lochleven in 1334. His sou

(who died 21st September 1S43) has issue : was popularly known as "David the Devil,"

— Robert Hamilton ; Priscilla Barbara as alleged, from his "untoward looks," but Elizabeth. MrAnstruthermarried secondly, probably also from "untoward deeds"—if on 1st Nov. 1847, the Hon. Georgiana traditions still lingering in the vicinity of Christiana, daughter of George, fifth Vis- Arnot Tower can be relied on. David's count Ean-ington, and by her has Francis two grandsons, AViUiam and J.ames, were AViUiam, Jaiues, and Basil and Cecil, twins. ancestors of two leading branches of the Mr Anstruther is uncle to the present Sir family. Willi.am's son, John Arnot of Robert Anstruther of Balcaskie, M.P., Arnot, who married Marjory Boswell (of being the second son of the late General the Balmuto family), was killed at Bogie Anstmther by Charlotte Lucy, his wife, Bushes, when assisting his brother-in-law, only daughter of Colonel Jami.-s Hamilton Boswell, in .an encounter with the Living- (grandson of James, fourth Duke of Hamil- stones. According to the custom of the ton) by Lucy, his wife, daughter of Sir times, Arnot's relatives took revenge by Richard Lloyd of Hintlesham. killing one of the Livingstones, and h.ad to ARNOT, The F.vmilt of. The name fly in consequence. Souie went to England, of Arnot, not a common one in Britain, and to these several Arnolds in that country seems to be most frequent in the counties trace tla-ir descent ; one went to the north of Fife and Kinross, in the latter of wliicli of Sc. itlaud, and from the latter, we believe, it probably had its origin when sm-uaun-^ is descended Dr Neil Amott, the distui- began to be assumed. Family names w ere guished author of "The Elements of often derived from landed possessions, and Physics." John Arnot was succeeded by the word " Arnaght," from the GaeUc, sig- his sou John, who by his wife, Catherine nifying " high lands," is supposed to have Melville (of the Carnbee family), had 18 given the family of Ainol tlieir name. The SOLS and one daughter. The father of this 14 FIFESHIRE BIOOKAl'HY.

a half-brother of IsaU ARNOT, Hugo, an ln.storical and anti- quarian writer of the eighteenth century, lier of the famous was the son of a merchant and ship-pro- Earl i.f All-US, caUed BeU-the-Cat ; who, prietor at Lcith, where he w.a.s born, Dec. having s.'reat iiilluence at the Court of •'^tii.iri'i. n;-,,:Mn l;.i,iJIv w^uiPoiiock, James IV., was enabled advance his ' to «l"^' .. • ;:f.' for Arnot,

cousins I, to various , preferments in Church on i,:.,:, _ .,. .1 (,: n,..ther, to the and State. e.^tab. ..: ,;,,i,,,M„.., One became Bishop of Clallu- M, I a... As "Hugo win. 'a -i -• way. Another, Eotwrt, ;i fnvourite -VjiiMi, ot l..il^ui,ii._., i'lie," he is entered as at Court, had conf a Uiember of the Faculty of Advocates, of Woodmylne, in December .5th, 1772, when just about to ing the Loch of Liii complete his twenty-third year. Previous with his royal mas to this period, he had had the misfortune to eaptain-i,^eneral of lose his father. Another evil wliich befel the Ar hhn in early life was asettlid asthma, the u\ W..odmylne till the be'^inni ;.f th result of a severe cold which he caught in venteentli eentLO-y, the Ani.it his tifteenth year. As this disorder was inno, and the Arnots of Fernie. One of always aggravated by e.vertion of .any kind, e latter Bian-ied the lieiress of Balfou it became a serious obstruction to his pro- ird llurleigli, and had that title conferrei gi'ess at the bar ; some of his pleadings, ion him. From him are descended the nevertheless, were much admired, and ob- esent r.alf..ur of Fernie and Bruce of tained for him the aijplause of the bench. L't, claimants of the r)urlei;_;h ])eerage, Perhaps it was this interrupti.m of his pro- . the L, fessional career whieli caused him to turn for jo his attention to literature. In 177;i a| ipeared return to the main branch of the family. his "History of Edinliurgh," one vi.lume In 1G29 a baronetcy was bestowed by quarto, a work of much research, and greatly Charles I. on Michael Amot of Arnot. superior in a Uterary point of view to the He was followed by Charles, David, John generality of local works. The style of the (a lieutenant-general in the army ; died in historical part is elegant and epigrammatic, 1750), and John, who seems to have been with a vein of causticity highly character- last the baronet ; and now the baronetcy is istic of the author. From this elaborate unclaimed. Previous to 1766 the Arnot work the author is said to have oidy realised estates acfpiirc:d were by Bruce of Kinross, a few pounds of profit ; a piratical impres- in w hose family they still remain. It does sion, at le.ss than half fl,.. ^rr-. was net n..w seem to Ije knn«-n who is the repre- published almost siraulti' ', :,i hiMin,

uf c.f i > - .,; sentative the ancient house Arnot. and, being shipped over i ,i,l ],, -ivat

otlier • James, the -rands, .u of David of . the quantities, completely . '!' i mv's untoward lonl;s and name, had tlie estates edition out cftb'- \ iler's

' . Brocoli i: 1 , of and Colbrandsjiath (Cocliburns second editimi. - : i,-ed jiath). His descendant, 8h' John, who iifterthe autli. : the

flourished in the time of James uf i , , VI., ac- remainder , i-hed quired large jTOSsessions. He was a man of with plates, ainl r;il,:r;_.'.| !.\ -, iiii,. ;;.M;tii.us considerable «tauding, and held the offices from the pen of the publisher, ilr Creich! of Tre.isurer-Depute of Scotland and Lord Another edition was published in 8vo in Provost of Edinburgh. He bought for his 1817. Mr Amot seems to have now lived grandson the estate of Woodmylne from on terms of literary equaUty mth those dis- the descendant of Robert Amot ; but it did tinguished literary and professional cha- not remain much above a hundred years in ractei-s wdio were his fellow townsmen and the faniUy, having been sold soon after the contem])oraries. He did not, however, for murder of Arnot, yr. of Woodmylne, in some years pulilish any other considerable or 1700, by Montgomery. From this second acknowledged work. He devoted his mind family of Arnot of Woodmylne was de- chiefly to local subjects, and sent frjrth scended Dr Archibald Armitt, tlie eminent humorous pampUets and newspaper essays, army surgeon, who attended Najjoleon at which had a considerable effect in accelerat- St Helena in his last illness, and whose ing or promoting several imblie wr.vks, for skill and conduct to the illustrious e.xile in wdiich he received the fr. . m.ui .-itli- eitv.

' trying .. i circumstances have been highly ap- We are told that Mr . :. m- .".f

lireciated in . - France. A memoir of him, his influence in Lieal i, , ;, to by E. de St iVlaurice Cabany, was published retard the erection of tlie s-iiili I'm',1 < as in Paris in 185G. Dr Arnott died at Kirk- weU as the formation of L. th Walk, chiefly conuel Hall in 1855, in the 84th year of his by objecting to the j .ropos i means c.f rais- age. Maternally, he was descended from ing the money. In 1783 ^I Arnot published the fanuly of Irving of Kirkcounel. The "A Collection of Celebrat. imimxl Trial* Amot families at present heritors in the in Scotland, with Historical and Critical county of Fife are the Arnots of Balcormo, Remarks," one volume quarto ; a work of Chapel, and Locliieland, and (see above) the perhaps even greater research than his Ealfours of Fernie. Elsewhere there are the " History of Edinburgh," and written in Arnots of AUerlv and of Stoneyhall, als.) de- the same metaphysical and epigrammatic rived from the old stock of Arnot of that Ilk. style. In the front of this volume appears ARN FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. ARN

a large list of subscribei-s, embracing almost styled the Speculative Society ' ; being pro- all the eminent and considerable persons bably suggested to him by the poem of the Scotland, with many of those in England, Earl of Rochester on the equally impalpable and testifying, of course, to the literary and subject of Silence. If any disagreealile personal respectability of Mr Arnot. This reflection can rest on Mr Arnot's memory work appeared without a publisher's name, for the free scope he has given to his mind in consequence of a quarrel with the book- in this little essay—a freedom sanctioned, sellers. Mr Arnot only survived the publi- if not excused by the taste of the age—he cation of his Criminal Trials about a must be held to have made all the twelvemonth. The asthma had, ever since his fifteenth year, been making rapid ad entered heartily vances upon him, and his person was now and regidarly into the observances of the reduced almo.st to a shadow. While still Scottish Episcopal communion, to which he

he carried all the marks of age : and belonged. If young, originally _ Mi- Arnot was any- accordingly the traditionary recollections of thing decided in politics, he was a Jacob- the historian of Edinburgh always point to ite, to which party he belonged by descent a man in the extreme of life. Perhaps and religion, and also by virtue of his own nothing could indicate more expressively peculiar turn of mind. In modem politics the miserable state to which Mr Arnot was he was quite independent, judging all men reduced by this diseape than his own half and all measures by no other standard than ludicrous, half-patheticexclamation on being their respective merits. In his professional annoyed by the bawling of a man selling character he was animated by a chivalrous

sand on the streets : "The rascal," cried sentiment of honour, worthy of all admira- the unfortunateinvahd, " hespendsas muu! tion. He was so little of a casuist, that breath in a minute as would serve me for he would never undertake a case unless he a month !" Among the portraits and cari was perfectly self satisfied as to its justice catures of the well-known John Kay may and legahty. He had often occasion to re- be found several faithful, though somewhat fuse employment which fell beneath his own exaggerated, memorials of the emaciated standard of honesty, though it might have person of Hugo Arnot. As a natural con- been profitable, and attended by not the stitutional result of this disease, he was shghtest shade of disgrace. On a case exceedingly nervous, and Uable to be dis- being brought before him of the merits of

composed by any shght annoyances ; on the which he had an exceedingly bad opinion, other hand he possessed such ardour and he said to the intending litigant, in a serious intrepidity of mind, that in youth he once manner—" Pray, what do you suppose me rode on a spii-ited horse to the end of the pier to be ?" " Why," answered the client, " I of Leith, wliUe the waves were dashing over understand you to be a lawyer." "I it, and every beholder expected to see him thought. Sir," said Arnot, sternly, " you washed immediately into the sea. On took me for a scoundrel." The litigant, another occasion, having excited some hosti- though he perhaps thought that the major lity by a political pamphlet, and being sum- included the minor proposition, withdrew moned by an anonymous foe to appear at a abashed. Mr Arnot married early in life, particular hour in a lonely part of the and left eight children— three sons and five king's Park, in order to fight, he went and daughters. His eldest son HiJgo succeeded waited four hours on the spot, thus perilling to the family estate, and was for a short his life in what might have been the am- time in the army. His youngest son, Law- buscade of a deadly enemy. By means of rence, was also in the army, and greatly the same fortitude of character he beheld distinguished himself in the East Indies and the gradual approach of death with all the the Peninsula. He received public thanks calmness of a Stoic. The Magistrates of for his conduct in command of the 12th Leith had acknowledged some of his public Portuguese at Salamanca. At the battle services by the ominous compliment of a of the 28th of July 1813, he received a piece of ground in their churchyard, and it fatal wound, of which he died shortly after was the recreation of the last weeks of Mr at Vittoria. Cliristian, Mr Arnot's eldest Arnot's Ufe to go every day to observe the daughter, man-ied Dr Peter Reid, of Edin-

progress i Je by the work:men m preparmg burgh, who, on the death of his uncles, the this place for his own reception. It is related Bobwells, became the representative of the that he even expressed considerable anxiety old Fife family—the elder line of the le.st his demise should take place before the Boswells of Babnuto, who possessed that melancholy work should be completed. He property from about 1430 to 1722. Theur died November 20th, 1786, when on the second son, Dr David Boswell Reid, dis-

point of completing his 37th year ; that age limself first as the introducer of

I fatal to 1 I off > that it may almost practical classes on chemistry in Edinburgh, be styled their cUmacterie. He was in- and subsequently for the very efficient terred in the tomb fitted up by himself in system of ventOating large buildings he South Leith. Besides his historical and devised, which is in operation in the Houses local works, he had published, in 1777, a of Parliament, St George's Hall, Liverpool, fanciful metaphysicnl treatise, entitled and some of the Scottish prisons. Mr " Nothing," which was originally a paper Arnot's second daughter, Margaret, married read before a well-liuowu debating club, an EngUsh gentleman of property of the 16 AUN FIFESHIEE BIOGRAPHY. ARN student at Andrews he published name of Tyler. His tliii-d (.laughter, Lilias, While a St married Asbury Dickius, Esij., long Secre- a volume of poems—besides other literary favourable notices tary to the Senate of the United States of productions— of which Gillespie. Dr America. Both of these left several chil- were written by Professor of the Grand Lodge of dren. Mr Arnot's lineal ancestor, Peter Arnot is chaplain With the histoi-y Arnot, acquired Baloormo by marriage Free JIasons in Scotland. p.ietry and tni.litious with an heiress of the Abercrombie family. and anti'iuities, the Arnot is faioiliarly Peter was the second sou of Robert Arnot of his native land, Dr possesses a vast fund of of Woodmylne, who fell at Floddeu. Robert acquainted. He hue taste in Arnnt was a yoim^rer son of John Arnot of general information, and a and we Aniot, whose family, which for nairly literature and natural philosophy, the believe he is a member of several learned and original scientific bodies. the east bank ..f" Loclileven, is the , , M.D., of the of the Scottish Aruots, as well as of some ARNOTT, Archibald, about the year of the Amots or Arnolds in England. 20th Regiment, was born ARNOT, Neil, M.D., an eminent writer 1771, and entered the army in early life— history of the on physics, was bom at Dysart in the year (he is alluded to in the family formerly conspicuously 1788. He was the author of several scien- Amots)—and he was as the medical at- tific works. He studied at Aberdeen, and and creditably known dying at St gained the first prize of his class iu 1801 at tendant of Napoleon when Helena. Arnott retired from active the Grammar School there ; he then entered Dr the army of the University, where he ohtamed the de- service after a continuance in died at his gree of M. A. in 1800. In the same year he upwards of sixty years. He 6th July removed to London, and soon got the ap- residence in Dumfriesshu:e on the his pointment of surgeon in the naval service 1855, in his eighty-fourth year. During for a few years of the East India Company. In 1811 Tie long and active Ufe he was but for a further pursued his professional studies attached to the 11th Dragoons, with the 20th under Sir Everard Home, surgeon of St much longer period he was of that George's Hospital, and afterwards settled Foot, sharing the perils and exploits Portugal, as a medical practitioner in London, where regiment on the Nile, in Calabria, with he became distinguished as a lecturer. In Spain, Holland, and earning a medal Corunna, 1827 he published his great work, " Ele- clasps for Egypt, Maida, Vimiera, Nive, ments of Physics, or Natural Philosophy, Vittoria, the Pyrenees, Nivelle, General and Medical, explained in plain Orthes, and Toulouse. After the war Dr to St languiige." In 1838 he wrote an " Essay Arnott accompanied his regiment on Warming and Ventilating," subjects to Helena and India. At St Helena he be- which he had devoted much attention. He came the medical attendant of Napoleon ** Arnott's professional ability, is also known as the inventor of the Arnot Bonaparte. and dig- stove," the "Arnot ventilator," and ingenuous character, and upright "water bed." Dr Amot's "Elements of nified deportment as an officer and a gentle- the confidence Physics" is one of the best written produc- man, at once secured for him good opi- tions of its kind, and has been translated of the illustrious invalid, whose intercourse, into nearly all the European languages. nion, strengthened by daily sincere He died a few years ago, and his widow is ripened into warm attachment and dissolution at present living in Dysart. esteem. Shortly previous to his AENOT, Rev. David, D.D., minister the Emperor gave signal testimony of his as of the High Church, Edinburgh, was born appreciation of Dr Arnott. Napoleon, at Scoonie in Fife about the year 1799, and he lay on his death-bed, had a valuable gold to and with a dying is the son of a respectable farmer in that snuff-box brought him, strength, parish, who afterwards removed to another hand, and a last effort of departing farm in the parish of Largo. He received he engraved upon its lid with a pen-knife " the early part of his education at the parish the letter N," and presented it to Amott. school, and afterwards attended the Univer- The Emperor also bequeathed to Dr Amott sity of St Andrews, where he went through 12,000 francs ; and the British Government, the usual curriculum of classics and philo- to mark its approbation of his conduct, sophy followed at that ancient seminary. granted him £500 more. Napoleon expired Being originally designed for the Church with his right hand in that of Dr Amott. of Scotland, he applied himself assiduously Dr Arnott was almost the last survivor of to the study of philosophy and divinity, ;md those whose names will be handed down to became a distinguished student. Having posterity in connection with the last days of made great progress in theology and general Napoleon. The Doctor's masculine and tena- literature, and being duly licensed as a cious mind was richly stored with recollec- preacher of the Gospel, he was appointed tions and anecdotes of that momentous exception of a clear assistant to the minister of Ceres, from period ; yet, with the " whence he went to Dundee and was settled and distinct Account of the last Dlness, there, but afterwards Mr Arnot was tran- Decease, and Post-Morteni Appearances of slated to the High Church of Edinburgh, Napoleon Bonaparte," published in 1822, he where he still continues as minister of the could never be induced to write en the sub- estate fii-st charge, the duties of which he dis- ject. Dr Arnott latterly retired to his charges with much credit and acceptal)ility. of Kirkconnel Hall, and spent the evening of so. ni. ARN PIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. AYT

his days beneficially to the neighbourhood, Dunmure in vicecomitatu de Fyfe," in 1507, and honourably to himself, both in the rela- "terras de Kilgour," in 1504, and "terras tions of life and in his public duties as a de Glenduckie," in 1506. These estates magistrate and heritor. were at a subsequent period, by a new ARNOTT, Sir John, is anative of Auch- charter from the Crown, called Aytoun, and

termuchty, son of .John Arnott, Esq. , manu- the elder branch of the family denominated facturer there. His career has been one of of that Ilk. Captain Aytoun had three sons liigh prosperity. He served an apprentice- and seven daughters. His eldest sen John ship with Mr James Russell, draper, Cupar, succeeded him in the estate ot Aytoun, his on the completion of which he went to the second son Robert olitainod tlie estate of famouslrish House of Cannock & White. Inchdainiie, and Anilrew, bis tliird son, Here his to estate of Kin.aldie. The fine business capacity, correct and succeeded the _ careful habits, and uutirmg energy soon estate of Kinaldie, from an examination of brought him into notice, and he was adopted the charters, appears to have come into the as a partner by the firm. Since then he has possession of the Aytoun family about 1539, established numerous business firms in Eng- when there is mention of a John Aytoun, land, Ireland, and Scotland, and amassed a who, there is reason to believe, was a large fortune. Sir John is of a rery chari- younger brother of the Captain of Stu-ling table disposition. The Queen conferred on Castle. He was succeeded by his son, him the honour of knighthood in 1859. He Robert Aytoun, in 1547, who, dying pro- was for several years Mayor of Cork, and bably without issue, left his estate to his was the most popular of any who have filled uncle's youngest son. Margaret Stewart, the highest municipal office in that city the widow of Robert Aytoun of Kinaldie, for many years. He sat for some years in was married to John Winram, the celebrated Parhament as member for Kinsale. Unlike sub-prior of St Andrews, and some curious many gentlemen who rise to eminent posi- facts are mentioned in the Conunissaiy Re- tions in the world he does not forget his cords of St Andrews regarding a dispute native place, as the poor of Auchtermuchty after her death, in March 1573, between well know. Andrew Aytoun of Kinaldie, with his two AUCHMUTY or that Ilk, an old sons, John and Robert, and Winram, for Fifeshire family, formerly possessing lands succession to several of her gold trinkets, in the parish of Newburn. The barony of and some rents of her estate of the Manse Auchmoutie embraced the properties of of Kirkness, &c. (See "Act Buik of the Drumeldry and LawhiD. In lUOO, Captain ComraLssariat of St Andrews," p. 130.) Auchmuty, a descendant of this ancient Andrew Aytoun, the third sou of the Cap- house, settled at Brianstown in Longford, tain or Governor of Stirling Castle, obtained Ireland, and that estate is still in the pos- the estate of Kinaldie about 15C7. His session of his descendants. There are still name is mentioned in the Matriculation one or two famihes of the name resident in Register of the students of St Andrews Fife. university in 1539. He was the father of AYTOTJISr, The Familt op. The Aytoun Sir Robert Aytoun. David Aytoun, the family in Scotland is sprung from the Nor- grandson of Andrew Aytoun of Kinaldie, man family of De Vescy in England, who distinguished himself, along with other two possessed the great barony of Sprouston in elders, as the jjrosecutors of Archdean Glad- Northumberland, and of whom along thread staues, before the Presbytery of St Andrews, of pedigree is given by Sir William Eugdale for drunkenness, and almost every other in his Baronetage of Engl.and. The family vice, which led to his deposition by the of De Yescy was of great antiquity, but celebrated General Assembly at Glasgow, the family name is now extinct. One of in 1638. A handsome marble monument the family much distinguished himself as was erected to the memory of David Aytoun one of the barons who compelled King John in the old church of Deiuno, which, how- to grant the M.igna Charta, for securing ever, was removed on the erection of the the Uves and properties of the English sub- present church in 1825. The family of jects. His n.ame is .appended to the Magna Aytoun of Kinaldie was at one period one Charta. About the same time a younger of the best connected and extensive proprie- son of the tamUy, Gilbert de Vescy, came tors in the eastern district of Fifeshire. into ScotL^ud, and received from King Besides the estate of Kinaldie, they pos- Robert I. the lands of A>-toun in the Merse, sessed the estates of Kippo, Carhurhe, and changed his name, by royal authority, Hilary, Northquarter, Westsiile, Egtoun, to the estate, as was the custom of the Little Kilduncan, Lochton, Wilkiestoun, period. The Aytoun f.amUy continued in and Cookstouu, in the jiarish of Kingsbams, the Merse imtil the reign of James III., with many other jiortious of hand in various when a brother of the house of Home mar- parts of the country. The estate of Kinaldie ried the heiress, and carried the estate into remained in the possession of the family, in that family. This lady's uncle, her father's a direct male line, for upwards of 200 years, younger brother, Andrew Aytoun, was until it was alienated from it by the will of Captain of Stirling Castle, and Sheriff of the second last proprietor, John Aytoun, Elgin and Forres during the reisn of James jun. AU tin- uvniW .if this person seem to IV". To him the King gave by his charters, have died >..:,„_ ,.,,,r Ins .Ick-stson, Capt. "pro fideli et bono servitio, terras de Nether- Alexander A\ imui, v, h.. Micceeded him, but he kft tliL L t —

AYT FIFESHIRE BIOaRAPHY. AYT conferred upon him by some of the otherkings and the bust are in excellent preservation, or emperors to whom he had carried the while the bust of Henry, the hero of Agin- royal work, which was not only dedicated court, has long disappeared. The inscrip- to Rodolph, but generally " to all the Right tion is in Latin, of which the following is a High and Mighty Princes and States of translation : Christendome." Aytoun was on terms of Sacred to the Memory of a very illustrious intimacy with all the most eminent men of Knight, Sir Rohert Aytoun. most adorned by his time— poets, wits, philosophers, and, every virtue and species of learning, especially iu fact, all the Utiniti that adorned that poetry. He was descended from the ancient and illustrious period. He was the boon com- eminent family of Aytoun, at the Castle of Kin- appointed Gentleman panion of Thomas Hobbes and " and rare aldie in Scotland. Being of the Bed-chamber by his most gracious majesty Ben Jonson." In his address to the reader King James, he was sent to the Emperor and in his translation of Thucydides, Hobbes Princes of Germany with a royal little work, says the work "had passed the censure of defending royal authority ; and havine; been made Bome whose judgment I very much esteem," Prefect of St Catherine, he became Private Sec- and we have the authority of Aubrey that retary, first to Anne, and then to Mary, the most Queens of Great Britain. He was also a the friends here referred to were Aytoun, and serene Privy Councillor, Master of the Requests, and the amiability of his Ben Jonson. By Master of the Ceremonies. His soul being re- manner, the modesty of his pretensions, and stored to its Creator, while bis mortal i-emains the superiority of his abilities, Aytoun are here deposited, awaits the second coming of appears to have won his way to the good the Redeemer. his Royal graces of all with whom he came in contact. Leaving King Charles, he returns to sire ; and bidding adieu to aueen .Mary, he re- "Ben Jonson, in his celebrated conversation visits Queen Anne ; and exchanges the honour with of wlule Drummond Hawthornden, of the Palace for the exalted glory of Heaven. slashing all his contemporaries by his He died, unmarried, in the Palace of Whitehall, poignant and bitter satire, made it his boast not without the greatest glief and lamentation of that Sir Robert xiytoun loved him dearly." all good men, in IfiSS. aged sixty-eight years. As a testimony of his devoted and grateful But of Aytoun's many friends, perhaps there " '" ^'"' mind, John Aytoun has erected was none with whom there existed the same close and endearing intimacy as that with Here Sir James Balfour of Denmylne, another of Fife's eminent men, and a (loet of s Country—of Home and Abroad. merit, though none of his pieces seem to have been preserved. They held office at Only a few of Su- Robert's poetical effusions the same court, and thus were often brought have been preserved, and for these we are together. Ultimately, indeed, they became mainly indebted to his intimate friend. Sir distantly related to each other by marriage, James Balfour, who, although he did not On the 21st October 1G30, Sir James Balfour keep any of his own verses, made careful married Anna, daughter of Sir John Aytc copies of some of Aytoun's. They were of that Ilk, by his spouse. Lady Elizabeth never, however, published in any collected Wemyss, fourth daughter of John, first form tiU very recently, being allowed to Earl of Wemyss. Aytoun purchased the float about in detached pieces, or perchance

estate of Over Durie in Perthshire ; but sink into oblivion. Several of his Latin whether he ever resided on the property is poems were printed by Sir John Scot of uncertain, although the scenery, so beauti- Scotstarvit in the work called " Belicia; fully undiUated with hill and dale, would Poetarum," published at Amsterdam iu have been a fit subject for his muse, and, 1637. But almost all his other verses would indeed, would seem to have inspirited him probably have been for ever lost had not his to some of his glowing strains. The most biograjiher, Mr Charles Roger (whom we of his verses, however, which have been have already quoted, and of whose work wo handed down to us, were addressed to the ha ve availed ourselves iu writing this notice), followers of the court, and no doubt partake taken the trouble to collect them, and give a good deal of extravagant flattery. Further them in the shape of a respectable volume, particulars of the author's history are not which was only published in 1844. Mr known. His monument contains almost Roger tells us that "the manuscript from the only record which has been preserved, wliich the greater number of the EngUsli and from it he appears to have died poems in his edition are published was acci- March 1638, in his sixty-eighth year. The dtntally discovered and purchased by him mortal remains of the poet were consigned at the sale of books of the late Miss to Westminster Abbey, to mingle with the Hadow, an old residenter m St Andrews,

dust of the illustrious dead ; and a magnifi- daughter of Dr George Hadow, Professor cent monument of black marble, with his of Hebrew in St Mary's College." " This bust in brass gilt, was erected to manuscript he conceives to have been memory and in expression of his worth, by transcribed from the orisin.al by Master his nephew. Sir John Aytoun, Knight of John Sharp, the youu-ist son ..f Arcli- the Black Rod in England, and younge; bishop Sharp, who was bapti-^cd at St brother of the proprietor of Kinaldie. Thi Andrews on the 16th February 1(11 ill, on monument is situated in the south aisle n which occa-sion David Aytoun of Kinaldie, the choir of Westminster Abbey, at thi neiihew of the jioet, acted as one of the corner of Henry V.'s chapel, and both it witnesses," and he imagines that it must —

FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. AYT hav it Mr Roger says :— " This celebrated song intermarriage of Mr James HaJow^ has been ascertained to have been rendered cipal of St Mary's College, with one of the in its present form by Aytoun, although it family of the Archbishop. Sir Robert appears as anonymous in various collections. Aytouu has the honour to be the first Aytoun, however, was not the original Scotchman who, after the union of the author, but simply gave it an English ver- Crowns, forsook his native tongue and wrote sion. It was probably first written by one English verse mth elegance and purity. It of the earlier Scottish poets, as the language, has, indeed, been contended that Drummond in its original form, appears very antiquated. of Hawthornden was the first ; but this could This song had evidently early acquired not be, as Aytoun was Drummond's senior by much celebrity, as in both its Scottish and fifteen years, and was a constant writer of English dress it will be found highly ap- EngUsh verses when attending the Court, preciated in most of our old collections of twelve years before the first known produc- Scottish and English verses. It has under- tion of his rival was pubUshed. Though went, what very few old songs or ballads Sir Robert has left no epic poem behind have done, three diflferent dresses, the latter him, and though his muse was chiefly con- of which was by Burns, with much more fined to compUmentary verses to his friends, success than in his attempt on the former many of his effusions "are conceived in a song. Barns' version has become the fine and tender sti-aiu of fancy, that reminds favourite and solace of every family circle, us more of the fairy strains of Herrick than and has procured the most unbounded anything else." It is matter of deep regret admiration. Aytoun's version has been in that so few of the verses of this exquisite a great measure forgotten since it was re- Scottish bard should have been handed modelled by Bums, but it stUl receives and down. Few as they are, they have caUed deserves much applause among all the ad- forth universal jDraise. His contemporaries mirers of old English poetry. Indeed many spoke highly of them, amongst whom was of the verses breathe an elegance and pathos Dempster, who says that all Aytouu's rarely to be found in any songs, either " poems are written in a style of unusual ancient or modem, and all of them are elegance, and abound in the most happy sweet and melodious." Though somewhat sentiment. " Burns and Allan Cunningham lengthy, we make no excuse from giving it were admirers of his verses, some of which entire : were paraphrased by the former. Coming down to still more recent critics, a whole OLD LONG SYNE. host might be quoted who sing his praises. Laing, first Mr in the volume of the Bauna- PART I. tyne Miscellany, thus remarks on the poetry of Aytoun :—" Those poems which we have Should old acquaintance be forgot, been able to recover display so much ele- And never thought upon. The riames of love extinguished. gance of fancy and sweetness of versification And freely past and gone ? as to occasion a regret that their number Is thy kind heart now grown so cold should not have been sufficient for separate In that loving breast of thine. publication." Though never man-ied, Sir Robert was evidently an admirer of the gentler sex, and some, if not all, of his best Where arc thy protestations. pieces are devoted to the vii-tues or the fail- Thy vows and oaths, my dear. ings of those to whom he had been affianced. Thou made to me, and 1 to thee. His verses " On Woman's Incon-stancy" are In register yet clear ? truth violate perhaps his best, though there are other pieces Is faith and so To th' immortal gods divine, much longer and Uttle inferior. beauti- A That thou canst never once reflect song, beginning, thou'rt ful "I do confess On old long syne ? smooth and fair," which Burns did not fears, or frosty cares. icotch, is gene- Is't Cupid's That make thy sp'rits decay ? If at times he Or is't some object of more worth be take cynical views, might incUned to and That's sto'en thy heart away ? if he should sometimes adopt a lugubrious Or some desert makes thee neglect strain, he was not without the happiest, the Him, so much once was thine. deepest, aijd the purest feeUngs. How else That thou canst never once reflect old long syne ? could he have written the following hues ? — On desperate. " True love hath no reflected end. Is worldly care so That makes thee to despair ? The object good sets all at rest, that makes thee exasperate. And noble sp'rits will sweetly lend. Is't makes thee to forbear ? Without expecting interest. And If thou of that were free as I, It's merchant love, it's trade for gain. Thou surely should be mine ; To barter love for love again.

Jut since that nothing can prevail Au English versi(m of "' Auld Lang Syne" And all hope is in vain, was written by the poet, and is not the ^rom these rejected eyes of mine least beautiful i if his pieces. In a nolo upon Still showers of tears shall rain. fIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY. !AI

And tho' thou hast me now forgot, movements which distracted and convulsed I'll continue Yet thine, the empire, he had recourse to his poetic And ne'er forget for to reflect to resound the praises of the Court, On old long syne. muse and to pass the pleasing hour. To his other If e'er I have a house, my de,ir. accomplishments Aytoun added that of ex- That truly is called mine ; treme modesty, which prevented him from And can afford but country cheer, publisliing liis Enghsh poetic strains, and Or ought that's good therein ; thus, Tho' thou were rebel to the king. in a great degree, bereft himself of And beat with wind and rain. posthum(}US fame." Assure thyself of welcome, love, AYTOUN, Andrew, of Kinglassie, third For old long syne. son of John Aytoun of Kinaldie, was ad- mitted advocate on the -Jod March 1639, PAKT II. and noiuinated an ordinary Lord of Session on the 14th February lUGl. He died at Kinglassie on the 25th March 1U70, " beinff All griefs and sorrows take the flight aiie auid man," as a venerable biography of

And hastily are gone ; him quaintly remarks. The fair resemblance of thy face

Since thoughts of thee do banish giief BAINBRIDGE. Henry, is second son When I'm from thee removed. of the late George Cole Bainbridge, Esq. of And if in them I find relief Gattenside House, Roxburghshire. This When with sad cares I'm moved. officer passed his examination on 2Gth Sept. How doth thy presence me atiect With ecstasies divine. 1836 ; served for some time as mate in the Especially when I reflect Howe, 12(1, and Caledonia, 120, flag-ships On old long syne. in the Mediterranean and at Devouport, Sir and Su: David Since thou hast robb'd me of my heart under Francis Mason By those resistless puw'rs Milne, and on 21st February 1845 was pro- Which Madam Nature doth imj art moted into the RoUa, 10, Captain John To those fair eyes of yours. Simpson, with whom he served on the coast With honour it dotb not consist of Africa as first lieutenant. ILe is now

hold a slave in pyne ; To employed in the coast guard service at Elie, Pray let your rigoui then desist. .5th 1845, For old long syne. Fifeshire. He married on March Mary Agnes, daughter of Lieut. -Colonel •Tis my freedom I do crave Harvey, K.H., inspectingfield-ofiicer of the Leeds district. frue liUeerty he would not have, of Elie. Familt or. Who glories in his chaii BAIllD The iut this, 1 wish the gods i About the end of last century, there lived That noble soul of thint in the parish of Monldand, near Glasgow, a Do pity, since thou canst small farmer, in humble circumstances, of For old loijg syne. the name of Baird. By his wife, who had been employed in a neighbouring farm house, Iti Latin poetry Sir Robert is equally happy. he had a numerous family of sons, who be- In it he unites the smoothness of Vh-gil tween the year 1820 and the year 1859, have, with the sweetness of Ovid and the classic by dint of ability, judgment, honesty, and elegance of Horace. There are many of frugality, raised themselves to the position his verses which we could have wished to of the first mercantile men in Scotland. To quote ; but to do so would extend beyond this must be added the advantage of rare the limits of this work. Tu conclude this notice we cannot do liettur than give the following extract from Mr Roger's excellent biography :—" What were Aytoun's per- son.ll attractions cannot now be ascertained. It is certain th.at, although he was the ac- knowledged favourite of the loyal court, not yet been developed. The sagacity and and daily increased in the estimation of his enterprise of the E.airds were devoted to sovereigns, he was allowed to .sing the dis- that oljject, and in the course of a few dain of his mistress to his latest hour, having years, they rube from the position of farmers died unmarried. Every bioguiplicr and to th.it of thriving ironiiiaslers, ami then historian who record his name, lu.-iiticni his graihuUly advanced until tliey distauced all amialiilitv of mauiiel, and wimni, uldnss. "tlieis m the s.^me line in Scotland, and

I I > ^ , I , I • 11. 1 1 1- I 1 l„.„lel pl.xcLd tlieiisehes on a footing with the l.uests au.l l;.uleys of South Wales. In the me.iiituiie, tlicsi- numerous and enterprising bi others ha\i' acted with praiseworthy am- justly to i.mk aiuimg the bition in acquiring landed ))ossessions, which i age. J^robably, taking no give them an infiuenco in the country far jiublic alfau's and political beyond tho mere accumulation of pounds,