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EMPOWERING CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH FOR AUSTRALIA’S FUTURE The beginning of full operation by the Centre will allow the best and brightest The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is a Australians to investigate new areas of is a remarkable testament to the spirit signal achievement in the progression research which have the potential to of collaboration across Australia and of Australia’s scientific capacity. As one further enhance our way of life. internationally and I am honoured to be a of the most significant national research part of this landmark venture as it begins From enhanced mineral resource infrastructure projects in our history, consolidating our place in the ranks of extraction to advanced analysis of staple it represents a considerable coming global innovation leaders. foodstuffs, the state of the art equipment together of talented people from many in the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre organisations. This has created a facility John Langoulant will be used by Australian scientists that places Australia amongst world Chairman of iVEC to conduct research that will generate September 2014 leaders in the sphere of computational an unimaginable range of social and science and supports important keystone economic benefits. national science projects.

As Australia looks forward to building on its commitment to scientific research, the support of the Pawsey Supercomputing

01 Cover images courtesy of Woodhead images courtesy Cover OVERVIEW

users with enhanced research outcomes variety of scientific research disciplines high-powered resources research. through supercomputing, data, and requiring high level computational, It also reinforces the contribution of visualisation services. The Pawsey visual and data management resources, Western Australia to the SKA, with an Supercomputing Project is an initiative connected nationally by high-speed ever-increasing supercomputing capacity of the Australian Government, being networks. required to manage the vast amounts of conducted as part of the Super Science data that will be produced by the world’s In establishing the Pawsey Initiative and financed from the Education greatest science project. Supercomputing Centre, the Australian Investment Fund. It represents a national Government committed a 25% share In addition to the Government of Western commitment to supporting research that of the supercomputer capability Australia, the Pawsey Supercomputing secures Australia’s economic, social and to both the radio astronomy and Centre’s Partner organisations have all environmental future using the power of geosciences research domains in contributed significantly, both in terms supercomputing. support of Australia’s commitment to of supporting its operations and by As one of two major national the SKA project and the development providing key expertise and guidance. supercomputing centres, the Pawsey of significant research capacity in the The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Supercomputing Centre works with geosciences for Western Australia. It also comprises a purpose-built structure, its sister organisation, NCI (National required that 15% of capacity be allocated housing supercomputers and associated Computational Infrastructure), to ensure through a national merit allocation works at Kensington, Western Australia. that Australia remains internationally scheme to ensure that researchers from The facility is managed by staff with competitive in research that contributes across Australia can benefit from the over fourteen years of expertise in Night Sky at MWA Site Western Australia © John Goldsmith in the Southern Hemisphere, the Pawsey to the nation’s current and future wealth, world-class supercomputer resources. A the supercomputing and scientific The Pawsey Supercomputing Supercomputing Centre is a state of the happiness, security, and capacity for further 30% and 5% were also committed research industries. The building is Centre is an iconic landmark art facility empowering cutting edge innovation. Supporting the needs of to the Pawsey Supercomputing located on CSIRO-owned land adjacent science for Australia’s future. researchers across the country, the Centre partners and the Executive in the Western Australian to the Australian Resources Research two centres work together to enable Director respectively in recognition scientific landscape, With a new era of scientific activity Centre facility, which is approximately Australia’s scientists to harness of the partners’ operational funding representing the next chapter beginning thanks to the power of high six kilometres from Perth’s CBD. The supercomputing resources to achieve commitments. in Australia’s contribution performance computing, Western facilities incorporate initiatives to Australian supercomputing organisation world-leading outcomes. to the advancement of Of major significance, the Government minimise impact on the environment iVEC has chosen to realign itself with the international research. The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is of Western Australia has committed and best practice technologies to reduce Pawsey Supercomputing Centre brand configured to focus on the two priority approximately $20m over 5 years to energy usage. to demonstrate its focus and dedication research areas of radio astronomy and enable the Centre to operate its facilities The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre A globally significant supercomputing to making Western Australia one of the geosciences, supporting major projects and assist the user community in is currently playing an integral facility named in honour of Dr Joseph world’s most significant hubs of expertise such as Square Kilometre Array (SKA) harnessing the power of its systems, role in Australia’s most important Pawsey, the father of Australian radio in the sector. pathfinder research, capitalising on while developing Perth as one of research activities and has made astronomy, the Pawsey Supercomputing Australia’s unique wealth in terms the fastest-growing communities of The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Western Australia a leading hub of Centre stands at the forefront of two of of underground minerals and clear supercomputing expertise in the world. maintains iVEC’s track record as a supercomputing expertise. Now that Australia’s most important scientific views of the skies above. The Pawsey The continuing long term investment by successful joint venture between Federal it is fully operational, the Pawsey disciplines - radio astronomy and Supercomputing Centre has the primary the Government recognises the vital role and State-based organisations and Supercomputing Centre will help deliver geoscience. Housing Magnus, the most aim of hosting new supercomputing supercomputing will play in the future continues its fourteen years of service cutting edge research for Australia for powerful public research supercomputer capabilities and expertise to support a prosperity of the State through enabling to the research community, providing years to come. Super Pit Kalgoorlie Western Australia (Imagestock) Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Photography courtesy of Woodhead courtesy Photography Centre Supercomputing Pawsey 02 03 Australia’s research future

Geoscience

Australia’s economic prosperity relies heavily on mineral and energy resources. However, over the past decade, global expenditure for resources exploration has declined sharply. Part of the reasoning behind this slump is the exhaustion of cheaply and easily accessed deposits. Improved imaging and extraction techniques are needed to maintain this vitally important sector of the Australian economy.

The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is committed to enabling research into investigating and developing these new techniques, including enhanced The power of supercomputing will identification, imaging and recovery The range of these projects is diverse: These projects are developing new commitment to ensuring the nation has Over the past 100 years, be increasingly vital in maintaining methods. including nanotechnology, modeling methods and technologies for studying a consistent world-class supercomputing Australia’s standing at the forefront of improved food production processes and treating diseases ranging from capability. This commitment represents Australian researchers Not only do these technologies hold of the global scientific community. and revolutionary energy generation asthma to Alzheimer’s. a significant investment on the part of have been part of direct economic benefits for Australia As the Southern Hemisphere’s most technologies. the Australian government to scientific groundbreaking discoveries that can be measured in billions of The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is powerful facility of its type, the Pawsey research in the 21st century. dollars, but they also help to place By encouraging and enabling research actively engaging in advanced health like the pacemaker, medical Supercomputing Centre will be central to Australia firmly at the forefront of into projects such as these, the Pawsey research through a number of projects, Working together, these two world-class penicillin, Wi-Fi technology securing the nation’s research future. minerals and resource exploration in the Supercomputing Centre is helping to and will continue to engage in this vital facilities will allow Australia to produce and the bionic ear. The Researchers using the power of the global scientific community. ensure Australia is behind many of scientific field moving into the future. internationally competitive results in all Pawsey Supercomputing the future’s most important scientific Centre are already delivering results NCI and the Pawsey fields of scientific research, developing Centre is proud to be playing in key scientific disciplines such Resources and breakthroughs. solutions that will benefit the nation for Engineering Supercomputing Centre: a pivotal role in continuing as geoscience, radio astronomy, Medicine decades to come. this legacy of scientific nanotechnology and medicine. These The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Australia’s commitment Developing methods and technologies for greatness into the 21st results will only continue to accelerate is also actively engaging in projects to the 21st century medicine is critically important – not only moving into the future, as a critical base designed to solve potential engineering century. for improving the quality of life of millions A partnership between the National of knowledge is developed. challenges and encourage new ways of of Australians, but also for the economic Computational Infrastructure thinking about the world. These solutions benefits that can be produced through (NCI) in Canberra and the Pawsey could produce tangible benefits for having a healthier population. Supercomputing Centre is at the Australians across a diverse range of heart of the Australian government’s areas.

04 05 Supercomputing - scientific support for Australia’s CASE STUDY - Seismic imaging and modelling for mineral finest and hydrocarbon exploration and production

refined through a range of collaborative The Problem initiatives into knowledge and practices Australia’s current and future economic that drive industry forwards, and a prosperity relies heavily on mineral and nation’s ability to self-source this energy resources. research capacity as opposed to obtaining it from other nations at However, over the past decade, global cost is a significant marker of global expenditure for resources exploration in competitiveness. Australia has declined sharply.

These areas of elite scientific endeavour Part of the cause behind this slump is require specific computational resources the exhaustion of cheaply and easily that can only be supported through accessed deposits. Improved imaging supercomputing. While Australia hosts a and exploration techniques are needed to general research infrastructure network enhance the processes used to identify amongst its research institutions that is and target new mineral deposits and able to serve the needs of most scientists hydrocarbon reservoirs. through tools such as cloud computing or The Solution

3D and 2D seismic modelling and imaging is being investigated by a team of researchers from Curtin University How the Pawsey Piping system in industrial plant (imagestock)/ Below: using resources and expertise supplied Streamlines highlighting structural attributes for both magnetotelluric derived conductivities and polar by the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. Supercomputing Centre dip derived from a seismic reflectivity volume. Image courtesy of Andrew Pethick The Australian Government’s in-house compute clusters, the capacity Improved methods for resource Helped commitment to ongoing national for top-end science is only allowed by the identification and imaging can bring great When applied to methods of mineral “The ability to visualise these supercomputing resources is a key power of supercomputing resources. economic benefits in terms of efficiency exploration, 3D seismic modelling and aspect of Australia’s ability to remain at massive datasets enables a Through an ongoing commitment to the and production. imaging is extremely time and resource the technological and social forefront new era in Australia’s ability provision of world-class supercomputing intensive. of developed nations. The commitment This research breaks new ground in facilities the Australian Government has to benefit from its natural is based on an understanding that high developing new imaging methods, However, using the Pawsey recognised a national need to remain resources. These new end science is not an end in itself but the new modelling algorithms and other Supercomputing Centre’s considerable competitive with neighbouring nations processes would not have been means of providing a base of knowledge computational geoscience techniques. supercomputing resources and expertise, who have begun to take advantage possible without the use of that can power a wider range of these processes can be performed of the research benefits it provides. By being able to better detect and image endeavours than less intensive research. exponentially faster and more efficiently iVEC’s world-class facilities.” By building a base of both physical mineral deposits and hydrocarbon than traditional methods. reservoirs, new resources, which The work undertaken by Australia’s hardware and human expertise, the Dr Andrew Squelch, Curtin University, Project Initiator scientific leaders flows down through Pawsey Supercomputing Centre and until now may not have been feasibly Using these capabilities, researchers This was made possible by the Centre’s their community, enabling new avenues NCI are ensuring that elite science can accessible, can be utilised. The economic were able to develop complex seismic focus on providing tailored solutions that of research and inspiring other scientists support Australia in key areas of national benefits of this for Australia can be modelling algorithms and novel imaging embrace a range of different technical to expand their existing activities. It is importance. measured in billions of dollars. approaches that would have otherwise disciplines. 06 been impossible. 07 KNOWING THE ENEMY CASE STUDY - Aerosol science

Aerosol science plays a developing “Simulations like this are possible not A/Prof Boykin’s project is concerned with The Solution How the Pawsey role in research areas in the health only because of the expertise within the the silverleaf whitefly,Bemisia tabaci. This sector. Professor Ben Mullins from The solution to attaining results was to Fluid Dynamics Research Group, but also species is spread throughout the world, Supercomputing Centre Curtin University’s School of Public couple a ‘moving mesh’ algorithm with because of our access to the Pawsey including populations in the United States, Helped Health is a chemical and environmental custom airflow and particle models. Supercomputing Centre”. Australia and Eastern Africa. engineer who applies aerosol science The genetic data sets involved in this project “We developed the most advanced and to his biomedical research projects. A key problem for researchers and involved upwards of thousands of base physiologically realistic lung model to In collaboration with colleague and farmers is the visual similarity between pairs. Even with only 500 whiteflies in a simulate airflow, which will revolutionise mechanical engineer Dr. Andrew King, various species of whiteflies. This makes dataset, the possible relationships between aerosol drug delivery (such as Ventolin Prof. Mullins is conducting research that differentiating between harmless and these flies would be an almost impossible inhalers) and also assess exposure to compares airway penetration between invasive species almost impossible, calculation using a desktop computer. airborne pollutants.” Prof. Mullins says. as well as hindering management liquid and powdered medications. “There’s not enough computing power to “This research is the first of its kind and strategies. Different species of whiteflies do it using normal methods,” says A/Prof The Problem allows us to get better information on respond differently to varying strategies, Boykin. what is happening at highly localised such as pesticides or biological controls. “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease As well as the size of the data sets, regions in the lung. This will, in turn, Whiteflies feeding on the underside of cassava leaves (COPD) and pneumonia are two of the “It’s a pest which is found all around allow us to better target drug delivery to the sophisticated techniques used top five killers of the elderly, with COPD the world affecting agriculture where it is needed most.” A/Prof Laura Boykin of The University in this project are also extremely claiming one patient every 10 seconds,” wherever they go, and the techniques of Western Australia’s Plant Energy computationally intensive, necessitating Prof. Mullins says. that we’re developing with the East How the Pawsey Biology ARC Centre of Excellence is using world-class supercomputing power. the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s African whiteflies can be applied with Supercomputing Centre Using ‘Magnus’ and the Pawsey resources and expertise to assist farmers in researchers and farmers all around the Helped Supercomputing Centre’s resources “Asthma affects poverty-stricken Eastern Africa by building world,” says A/Prof Boykin. and expertise, these calculations can be approximately 15 percent of Supercomputing is considered an more accurate identification systems for The Solution performed in a practical timeframe. the Australian population essential element of the research highly invasive pest species, including project as it makes the process function Bemisia tabaci, the silverleaf whitefly. A/Prof Boykin is using phylogenetic “The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre has and $358 million is spent on a thousand times quicker. The Pawsey These systems could potentially bring great techniques to better understand the really helped,” says A/Prof Boykin. asthma medication alone per Supercomputing Centre’s solutions were benefits to researchers and farmers all over relationships between whiteflies around year, yet more than 95 per extremely helpful to this research project the world, including in Australia. the world. Running a program on cent of it is wasted.” ‘Magnus’ using the Markov chain Monte “The beauty of this particular as it is impossible to effectively conduct complex computational fluid dynamics The Problem Carlo method, the project is able to project is it really is a true No other WA research groups have (CFD) simulations without high powered Species of whitefly are one of the most genetically distinguish between Bemisia engagement. It’s not just had prior experience of stimulating an computers. Both the particle code and pervasive pests on Earth, being found tabaci and other harmless species that me using the resources, I’m expanding and contracting lung that the moving mesh algorithm are highly on every continent except Antarctica. look identical. interacting with the scientists reflects on realistic breathing. In order computationally-intensive to resolve, and While some species of whitefly are “This project is all about “knowing the to attain comparison results, a 3-D require a huge data transfer between harmless native populations, many are and staff there as well. It’s enemy”. To a farmer, these species all model had to be created. The model was cores in order to reach a solution within a highly invasive pests. These invasive made a huge difference look the same. This project could help developed to simulate respiratory airflow reasonable time. species feeds on valuable crops and in pushing this develop diagnostic tests that will tell and particle deposition during realistic spread viruses, leaving many smallholder “HPC means our experiments are a farmers if they have a harmless species research lung expansion and contraction. farmers without enough food to feed their or one they have to get rid of ASAP, which forward.” thousand times faster,” says Prof. 08 families. is invaluable,” says A/Prof Boykin. Mullins. 09 aura Boykin L aura A/Prof Image courtesy Bemisia tabaci Simulation of airflow and expansion (breathing) of a lung 3D Mineral Map of the Rocklea Dome Channel Iron The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre and the SKA Deposit The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is an logs display the relative crystallinity of enveloped by the white channel surface, The Problem international project to build a next- kaolin group minerals (rainbow colour represents the actual iron ore resource, generation radio telescope, which will The Hamersley iron ore province is a stretch from blue = poorly crystalline and was modelled from hyperspectral be 50 times more sensitive and able to major source for Australia’s iron ore to red = well crystalline kaolinite), drill core logging data, using CSIRO’s survey 10,000 times faster than today’s resources. Channel Iron Deposits (CIDs) which are used to model the extent of HyLoggingTM system. most advanced telescopes. are economically significant formations, a CID (white surface). The red surface, providing a major percentage of the iron The SKA will help scientists answer mined in Western Australia. Location fundamental questions about the origins of deposits carries a significant cost of the universe, such as how the first in terms of resources and time, with stars and galaxies were formed. traditional, physical methods having A $2.3 billion joint effort between significant margins of error. institutions from over 20 countries, the Outrigger tile at night - Credit, Pete Wheeler, ICRAR Antennas of CSIRO’s Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) SKA will be co-hosted by southern Africa telescope, at the Murchison Radio-Astronomy Observatory in The Solution Western Australia and Australia. The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is 3D mineral maps can be generated one of around 20 members of the SKA The Australian component of the project late 2012 and are serving as important from multi- and hyper-spectral data Science Data Processing Consortium will be located at the CSIRO’s Murchison technological demonstrators for SKA. for a variety of mineral deposit types, (SDPC). The consortium is responsible Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO), providing unprecedented mineralogical for designing the infrastructure, The ‘Galaxy’ real time supercomputer the centre of a radio-quiet zone, near information for the Australian resources hardware and software necessary to is the central science processor for the Boolardy in Western Australia, 315km sector, necessary for advanced mineral analyse, process and visualise the data ASKAP project. exploration and mining. Supercomputing northeast of Geraldton. produced by the SKA. Both ASKAP and the MWA already make facilities, such as the Pawsey Centre, In addition to delivering groundbreaking The data from the Australian component use of the Pawsey Supercomputing enable the processing and visualisation of scientific results, the SKA also brings of the SKA is under consideration to Centre’s facilities, which represents a these computationally intensive data. many other benefits to Australia. primarily be processed and stored using near unique advantage. How the Pawsey As one of the two co-hosts, Australia’s the world-class resources and expertise With its experience processing data from Supercomputing Centre central involvement in the SKA will at the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. the pathfinders, the Centre has vital help to cement the nation’s place at Helped When the SKA is completed, it will collect experience testing the technologies and the forefront of the global scientific more data than is contained in the entire potential problems the SKA may face. The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s community. Internet today, representing a significant As a member of the SKA consortium, resources helped to produce and By raising Australia’s international profile computing challenge. the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre can visualise a 3D model of the Rocklea as a scientific leader, the SKA will bring comment and advise on its experience in Dome CID in the Hamersley Basin, The amount of data produced is too greatly increased international investment a way that many other supercomputing showing key mineralogical parameters large to store for any reasonable period to the North West region of Western centres that are involved cannot. derived from hyper-spectral remote of time. This means the data must be Australia as well as the entire nation. and proximal sensing data. The surface processed in real-time, necessitating an The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre mineral map and subsurface mineral The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s immense amount of processing power. also holds key skills in the area of cutting-edge resources and expertise will Two precursor projects to the SKA, the visualisation, which will allow the raw be crucial in processing the immense Image displays the relative crystallinity of kaolin group minerals (rainbow colour stretch from blue = poorly CSIRO’s Australian Square Kilometre Array data from the SKA to be explored in crystalline to red = well crystalline kaolinite), used to model the extent of a Channel Iron Deposit (white surface) amount of data produced by this world- and iron ore resource (red surface). Pathfinder (ASKAP) and the Murchison new dimensions by the international 10 leading astronomy project. 11 Widefield Array (MWA) were launched in community. Pawsey Centre Supercomputer: Key Components TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

KAP DAT AS A

MRO

High High GROUND WATER M WATER FLOW Speed Speed WA DATA COOLING SYSTEM Fibre Fibre Link Link 4 x 10 1 x 10 Gigabits/s Gigabits/s

RADIOASTRONOMY OPERATIONS REPROCESSING AND RESEARCH INTERACTION GALAXY

Supercomputer l

t e consists of three petabytes of working Intel Xeon E5-2960 ‘Ivy Bridge’ processors

p GEOSCIENCES Magnus

q storage, provided by Cray’s Sonexion Lustre operating at 3.00 GHz, for a total of 9,440 m

BIOCHEMISTRY, S

c NANOTECHNOLOGY, 0 Magnus, from the Latin ‘Great’, is a latest-

r appliances, and is connected via 56 Gbit/s cores delivering around 200 TeraFLOPS of MAGNUS 0

e ENGINEERING, INTERACTION 5 Supercomputer p generation Cray XC30 system that will be FDR Infiniband. compute power. Communication between

CHEMISTRY & u PHYSICS S used for supercomputing projects across the nodes occurs via Cray’s high-speed, RESEARCHERS the entire range of scientific fields serviced Galaxy low-latency Aries interconnect. Galaxy local by the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre, Galaxy is a Cray XC30 system that supports storage is provided by a Cray Sonnexion 1600 including geoscience and general research. radio-astronomy activities within the appliance, providing 1.3 Petabyte of capacity, Data Analysis Engines (DAE) Following the recent installation of its iVEC community. It fulfils the real-time via an FDR Infiniband network.

e second stage upgrade, Magnus delivers INTERACTION r processing requirements of the Australian Heirarchical Storage t e Zythos Mgt (HSM) peak compute performance in excess of one Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder M

Disk Store q PetaFLOP (one quadrillion floating point

S (ASKAP) telescope, as well as providing Zythos is a latest generation SGI UV2000

RESEARCHERS I/O Cell ransfer via Integrated Network Fabric 0 operations per second). This makes the UTILISING Visualisation 5 for the reprocessing and research needs system housed in the Input/Output cell at the

2 VISUALISATION INTERACTION (Infiniband - Ethernet Fibre Channel) Machines Pawsey Supercomputing Centre the most of the wider Australian radio-astronomy Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. It is a large Data T advanced supercomputing facility in the community, including those of the shared-memory machine used for data-

l Southern Hemisphere. l Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) telescope. intensive jobs such as visualisation.

e Heirarchical Storage s

r In the context of ASKAP, Galaxy runs the

t Mgt (HSM) e This system provides users with over 35,000 Zythos contains 24 UV blades. Twenty of

e Tape Store g

a Central Science Processor, allowing pseudo-

r cores, using the cutting edge Intel® Xeon® the blades each contain two hex-core Intel

q 2 x 20 Petabyte t real-time processing of data delivered, to the

S processor E5-2600 v3 product family (former

Xeon E5-4610 ‘Sandy Bridge’ processors and

Tape Libraries 0

5 Pawsey Supercomputing Centre, from the

p codename Haswell). Magnus is one of the

2 128GB RAM, and the remaining four each

T Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory first supercomputers in the world to make contain a single hex-core Intel processor, an use of these latest generation processors. (MRO). PAWSEY SUPERCOMPUTING CENTRE NVIDIA Tesla ‘Kepler’ K20 GPU, and 256GB - Whitespace Configuration - The compute nodes communicate amongst Galaxy consists of three cabinets, containing RAM. Altogether the machine boasts 264 themselves over Cray’s high-speed, 118 compute blades, each of which has four CPU-cores, four GPUs, and a total of 6TB 12 low-latency Aries interconnect. Storage nodes. Each node supports two, 10-core RAM. 13 Building Features PAWSEY CENTRE LAYOUT

Pawsey Supercomputing is an automated, secure, ‘intelligent’ building with real-time monitoring to Centre Building Features facilitate efficient operation and support The special features of the Pawsey fine tuning of operations to reduce Supercomputing Centre building include; overall power costs.

A ‘dual skin’ building construction to In general terms the facility has been ensure the most effective insulation of designed to anticipate and accommodate the supercomputing environment from the high power, cooling and physical external temperature extremes. requirements of the next generation of supercomputers. Fibre optic high speed networks linking researchers from Australia and overseas to the facility. This includes Geothermal Cooling a specific purpose high speed link to the Murchison Radio Astronomy System Observatory, some 800km north of CSIRO has developed an innovative Perth. geothermal solution for cooling the Centre’s The Pawsey Centre comprises two buildings. These are the data centre and plant area. The Scalable cooling and electrical services supercomputing systems. The system is data centre comprises a 1000 square metre whitespace that is partitioned into three areas, which will enable flexible supercomputer known as groundwater cooling and was a visualisation room, and office space. The plant building contains most of the equipment expansion within the 1,000 square metre funded by the Australian Government as associated with power, cooling, and the uninterruptable power supply (UPS). computer hall. part of the CSIRO Geothermal Project.

A unique groundwater cooling The process involves pumping water with system for removing heat from the an ambient temperature of around 21°C supercomputer and reinjecting from the Mullaloo aquifer through an and dissipating this heat into the above-ground heat exchanger to provide aquifer, 140m below the Pawsey the necessary cooling effect for the Supercomputing Centre, with no net loss supercomputer, then reinjecting the water of groundwater. back into the aquifer. CSIRO estimates that using groundwater cooling to cool the A Photo Voltaic system has been Pawsey Centre supercomputer will save approximately incorporated into the building’s shaded 14.5 million litres of water in the first two Internal Layout facade plus an extensive PV array on the years of operation every year, compared In the building layout above, the large whitespace is the roof of the building. This PV installation with using conventional cooling towers. The supercomputer cell, the next whitespace is the I/O cell, generates 140kWs of electricity onsite, system is designed to have the capacity to and the lower whitespace is the tape cell. Each cell which acts to offset the electrical and scale with additions to the supercomputing has different temperature and humidity requirements, CO2 footprint of the Supercomputing hardware. differences between water cooling vs air cooling, and Centre. differences in whether mains power or uninterruptable The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre power is used. The supercomputer cell is primarily water

Photo courtesy PS Structures © Brian Smyth Photography PS Structures courtesy Photo cooled and on mains power. 14 15 Research-Computing Services

Being a leading, national supercomputing research groups for longer term projects. Annotation Tools for Analysis of Marine centre is about much more than just Imagery and Video (CATAMI) project, The Pawsey Supercomputing The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre providing access to state-of-the-art a federally funded initiative designed Centre aims to provide an supercomputing resources are mostly IN NUMBERS facilities. To realise the benefits of to assist marine ecology and habitat end-to-end solution that allocated via several merit-based petascale computing, researchers need monitoring processes. covers supercomputing, data assessment processes. Alongside guidance and support from experts who national (15%) and the Pawsey The Data team is also the Pawsey can help them to achieve a step-change services and visualisation, Supercomputing Centre Partner (30%) Supercomputing Centre’s interface to the in their research. offering great flexibility ACCESSING allocations, the Centre provisions Research Data Storage Infrastructure in the level and type of Pawsey’s SERVICES thematic allocations in geosciences (RDSI) project and the National eResearch 2014 engagement, to meet the Pawsey supercomputing resources (25%) and radio astronomy (25%). Collaboration Tools and Resources are accessed through national and local merit allocation needs of each individual Further, small amounts of compute (NeCTAR) Project Cloud service. schemes. Pawsey infrastructure is committed in the following case. time are available for more speculative proportions: Visualisation or experimental projects through the 15% 5% Supercomputing Director’s Share scheme (5%). Visualisation is the process of applying 30% Data Services advanced algorithms and computer The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s graphics to data to provide research 25% Supercomputing team is drawn from Scientific computing places new insights. Data visualisation has a number the international community and has demands on a researcher to curate and of outcomes that include allowing a combined, scientific-computing share their data, to ensure the value, researchers to learn something new, experience in excess of 50 years. The accuracy and longevity of their results. to work faster than using simpler 25% team’s activities are focused on growing Data is everywhere – for example, the techniques to more rapidly identify Radioastronomy the uptake of supercomputing within output of a computer simulation, the problems, and to communicate Geosciences the Australian science community. readings from a sensor network, or with peers or with a wider audience Partners This is about more than just porting the output of a piece of apparatus. The using visual displays. A petascale National Merit Allocation Director a researcher’s work flow: it is about volume, diversity, and variability of data supercomputer enables a researcher to helping researchers to understand that is being generated translates to generate and subsequently analyse data how a petascale system allows them to both opportunities and challenges for of unprecedented size and complexity, consider a new class of problem. The the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre so visualization plays a key role in supercomputing team is about upscaling community. understanding this data. researchers’ ambitions as well as their The Data team provides hardware, The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre applications. services and expertise to help researchers Visualisation team provides a package During 2014 projects on The supercomputing team engages with improve their management of research of hardware, software and expertise, to Pawsey systems were + 286 supported by grant funding of 500 the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre data. Managing data involves storing the tackle the whole range of visualisation more than people community in a range of ways, developing physical data sets, managing or adding activities that are relevant to the Pawsey million CPU core hours were available on were trained during the past and delivering training materials to grow metadata to make datasets discoverable Supercomputing Centre user community. 2013, 12 months of Epic, Fornax, five years alone and Galaxy, plus six months of the base of understanding, providing one- and controlling access to the data. As with supercomputing, a crucial Magnus Phase1 and 4 months of Magnus Phase2. $49 on-one consultations to tackle specific contribution of the program team is The team is responsible for developing problems, and being embedded into to inform researchers of new ways to million the award-winning Collaborative and of Queensland - The University of Dr David Poger Image courtesy 16 present and interpret their results. 17 PARTNER PRESENCE PARTNER PRESENCE

The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Centre (ARRC) in Kensington, Western Through its location on Curtin University’s innovative technology by WA researchers. opportunities becoming available for the Grid Infrastructure; Contemporary software maintains offices in each of its partner Australia. It is the Pawsey Supercomputing Bentley Campus, it enables Curtin’s research community. The main challenge development processes and practices, The Edith Cowan University branch organisations in order to host infrastructure Centre’s longest running facility, having research community to conveniently for this facility is to materialise the full particularly in relation to maximising was officially launched on the 18th and deliver the Centre’s expertise directly to been set up when ARRC was first opened have access to a wide range the Pawsey potential at ECU into quality activities and use of the Internet to deliver research September 2012. The facility provides a members of its partner organisations and in 2001. Currently, the CSIRO branch of the Supercomputing Centre’s expert staff. outputs. To assist with the dissemination of outcomes; Strategic and Technical delivery link to the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre the wider scientific community. Although Centre hosts the Office of the Executive information to all research teams at ECU, a of information technology projects. The staff at the facility is compromised supercomputing resources, visualisation located at specific venues, these resources Director, along with Supercomputing Pawsey Supercomputing Centre ECU User of the Director, three CITS staff and equipment, video conferencing facility and are made accessible to staff at all partner and Technical team staff. It also supports Group has been established. The University of 15 staff associated with the Pawsey a training space for small groups. Two ECU organisations. two 3D visualisation environments and Western Australia Supercomputing Centre Programs and staff members are associated with this room-based videoconferencing services. Murdoch University The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Resources, affiliated with a number of facility, the Facility Director and the ECU The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre’s facilities are connected via a dedicated projects developing ICT tools and services Data Advisor. branch at The University of Western CSIRO branch is the hub of the Pawsey office at Murdoch University is co-located research network. This maintains a high to support research workflows. Australia acts as an interface between UWA Supercomputing Centre’s high-speed dark Since the inception of the facility there has with the Centre for Comparative Genomics quality of service for applications such users and the Pawsey Supercomputing fibre Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) The Curtin office is focused on providing the been excellent uptake from researchers (CCG). The CCG is an established Western as moving large datasets or streaming of Centre, assisting UWA staff and students connecting the Pawsey Supercomputing research community with fit-for-purpose and to ensure continuity of this, a local Australian State Government Centre of remotely rendered content. in accessing resources. The office hosts Centre partners, and provides access to ICT tools and services and is in particular database of contacts has been established. Excellence. The Centre draws together high-performance computing, visualisation, The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre AARNet and the internet at large through involved in supporting the uptake of cloud To facilitate the uptake and further biomedical and agricultural research and collaboration, and image/video capture network is organised in a star topology CSIRO and AARNet’s Point-of-Presence computing resources. increase awareness, a series of Pawsey development, bioinformatics activities and infrastructure. Staff expertise includes with the hub located at the ARRC facility. (PoP) at ARRC. Supercomputing Centre roadshows have Curtin University’s researchers are heavy expertise in comparative genomics, in such eResearch, supercomputing technologies, Currently, the Pawsey Supercomputing been instigated. users of the Pawsey Supercomputing a way as to promote shared understanding and visualisation. Centre branches at The University of Curtin University Centre’s infrastructure and the branch Working in collaboration with the Pawsey within and across fields of study. Collaborative tools are provided through Western Australia, Murdoch University and The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre directly manages this uptake and Supercomputing Centre UWA branch Staff expertise at the Centre has been Curtin University are connected at 10 Gbps a dedicated room configured for video branch at Curtin University was established engagement. Director and the Head of the Data Team, developed over many years in order to meet conferencing. whilst Edith Cowan University is connected as a directorate within Curtin IT Services there are now ECU researchers involved the demands of a diverse user base ranging at 1 Gbps. The network also links the nodes (CITS) in early 2013. It brings together ECU The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre with visualisation and eResearch. The Data from highly technical users to more novice to AARNet at 10 Gbps and subsequently the the research support and engagement UWA office is located within the Faculty of The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Team Leader has also been assisting the users looking to harness supercomputing eastern coast of Australia and overseas. activities of CITS with those of the Pawsey Engineering, Computing, and Mathematics. office at ECU is the most recent facility facility in developing data management for their research. This expertise includes: Supercomputing Centre to provide It is physically located on the ground floor of CSIRO established and will work on promoting guidelines. commodity Linux cluster architecture and researchers with a single point of contact the Physics building and houses the Fornax scientific simulation services as well It is anticipated that 2014 will be an exciting design with particular expertise developed The CSIRO branch of the Pawsey for all questions regarding the use of supercomputer. as access to sport and environmental year for the Pawsey Supercomputing in the Lustre high performance network Supercomputing Centre is located within advanced ICT in the research workflow. visualisation tools, to promote the use of file system; Maintaining eResearch and CSIRO’s Australian Resources Research Centre facility at ECU with a range of new

18 Australia of Western and The U niversity U niversity Murdoch U niversity, Edith Cowan of Curtin U niversity, courtesy Photos 19 PAWSEY CENTRE NETWORK Helping Australia work together As a world-class facility, the Pawsey Together, the Pawsey Supercomputing The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre Supercomputing Centre is proud to be Centre and NCI are the two most Research Cloud is the only Western Aside from the Aries network, which is technology to minimise the amount of 100 Gbits/s per channel over a single playing an active role at the centre of powerful scientific supercomputing Australian NeCTAR facility. By providing used for inter-processor communication, copper cabling required in the Centre pair of fibres using Dense Wave Division Australia’s scientific community. This facilities in the Southern Hemisphere. over 30,000 cores, the Pawsey and the FDR InfiniBand network, used and also reduce the number of switches Multiplexing (DWDM) technology, is achieved through the Centre’s strong Moving forward, this relationship will Supercomputing Centre is allowing for storage traffic, the Pawsey Centre requiring management. with the interfaces at Pawsey and the commitment to its relationships with only continue to strengthen, allowing Australian researchers to unlock new has two ethernet networks: a 1 Gbit/s MRO presenting as multiples of 10 Gb The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre several other significant Australian the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre and avenues of research. network for management and monitoring ethernet. connects its various facilities via a pair of scientific and ICT organisations. NCI to evolve and meet Australia’s future and a 10 Gbit/s network for data transfers International Centre 20 Gbit/s-capable Palo Alto firewalls, and The AARNet link between Perth and scientific needs. between systems and to and from the These collaborative relationships to Australia’s R&E network, AARNet, via Adelaide has been upgraded from a for Radio Astronomy outside world. are forged thanks to the Australian Research Data Storage a 10 Gbits/s link. single 10 Gbit/s bearer link to also Government’s funding of the Pawsey Research (ICRAR) The 10 Gbit/s network is based on support up to 80 channels of 100 Gbit/s Infrastructure (RDSI) The Murchison Radio-astronomy Supercomputing Centre and other ICRAR is an Australian collaboration Cisco’s Nexus range of products and per channel, providing compatibility Observatory (MRO) is currently connected national facilities and organisations. The RDSI is a $50 million Australian that achieves world-class research in is fully non-blocking, with all ports with the existing optical networks in the into Pawsey over a single 10 Gbits/s This funding represents an ongoing Government project, designed to astronomical science and engineering. capable of running simultaneously at eastern states. link, but this will be expanded up to five commitment by the Government to create a national system to collect and It also plays a key role in the Square full line-rate. The 1 Gbit/s management 10 Gbit/s links in the near future. The ensuring Australia is a major contributor preserve historic Australian research Kilometre Array (SKA), the largest and monitoring network is also Cisco fibre links from Pawsey to the MRO are to the global scientific community. for future generations. The Pawsey scientific project in human history. Nexus-based, and makes use of their capable of running up to 80 channels of Supercomputing Centre was chosen in These research achievements remote line-card fabric extender (FEX) Partner Organisations a competitive process to serve as one of would not be possible without the The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is a the eight RDSI facilities around Australia. sizeable contributions of the Pawsey joint venture between CSIRO and the four Representing the only Western Australian Supercomputing Centre, which provides 1-5 x 10 Gbps to Geraldton public WA universities. Being founded in facility chosen to serve as an RDSI node, iVEC@ECU & MRO state-of-the-art resources and expertise (ASKAP & MWA) 2000, the Centre is the longest running the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre to ICRAR and the SKA precursor projects. and most successful organisation of this is proud to be playing a major role in Perth CBD type in Australia. helping to connect past, present and Australian Academic iVEC@UWA 2012 Fornax (SGI) 1 Gbps This long-lasting success is a tribute to future researchers across Australia. Research Network 10 Gbps to National the exceptional possibilities that can be 4 x 10 Gbps Grid and National eResearch (AARNet) USA achieved thanks to these organisations’ iVEC HQ (CSIRO) Collaboration Tools and AARNet is a national resource, providing 2013 Pawsey Centre dedication to enhancing collaboration in 10 Gbps researchers and institutions across Australian science. Resources (NeCTAR) iVEC@CURTIN Project Australia with a world-class high-speed 10 Gbps National Computational communications network infrastructure. A $47 million Australian Government Fremantle Infrastructure (NCI) As part of its relationship with AARNet, initiative, NeCTAR connects researchers the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is iVEC@MURDOCH The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre around Australia, helping them work 2011 Epic (HP) connected nationally to other users and actively cooperates with its sister facility, together to discover groundbreaking facilities across Australia. This allows NCI in Canberra, in order to provide new possibilities. This is achieved by research excellence produced at the Australia with consistent, globally providing cutting-edge technologies like Pawsey Supercomputing Centre to be competitive supercomputing power Virtual Laboratories, national servers and shared quickly with all of Australia. across all areas of science. research clouds. 20 21 PROJECTS @ PAWSEY PROJECTS @ PAWSEY PROJECT LIST

Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Investigator Investigator Investigator Investigator Sebastien Allgeyer Australian National Development of a better physics behind the tsunami Amanda Barnard CSIRO Virtual Nanoscience Andrew King Curtin University Flow Induced vibrations Mehdi Khiadani Edith Cowan ECU - CFD Concrete Mattress, Jet in Cross Flow, University modelling and coastal infrastructure behaviour. Cathryn Trott Curtin / ICRAR Detection of the Epoch of Reionisation using the University Flash Evaporation, Spatially Valid Flow Milinkumar Shah Curtin University Gas-Solid Flow Modelling in FCC Riser Yuan Mei Australian National Gold transport in geofluids during phase separation: / University of Murchison Widefield Array Michael Black Edith Cowan Genomic and glycomic risk factors of chronic disease University insights from molecular dynamics simulation Melbourne / CSIRO Jeffrey Dick Curtin University Gold-organic sulfur interactions at high temperature University in Australia and PR China Ben Corry Australian National Simulation studies of biological and synthetic Cathryn Trott Curtin / The Estimation of the Epoch of Reionisation with the Chunyan Fan Curtin University Mechanisms of Adsorption in Novel Nanoporous Ute Mueller Edith Cowan Geostatistical simulation and estimation of material University channels University of Murchison Widefield Array Materials and the Characterization University types Western Australia Lynn Reid CDM Smith Parallelizing MODFLOW-based flow and water / MWA Dr. Biao Sun Curtin University Modeling and optimization of LNG regasification Chris Harris ICRAR SKA Science Data Processor Workpackage Australia resources optimisation codes technologies Neha Gandhi Curtin / The Molecular dynamics simulations of tau protein folding Natasha Hurley- ICRAR / ANU New Calibration and Imaging Algorithms for the Ben Humphreys CSIRO Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder University of and aggregation Julien Cisonni Curtin University Modelling and prediction for tailored treatment of Walker Murchison Widefield Array Western Australia sleep-related breathing disorders Robert Bell CSIRO CSIRO Advanced Scientific Computing / MWA Cormac Reynolds ICRAR / Curtin High Angular Resolution Radio Astronomy with the Nigel Marks Curtin University Modelling of Nuclear Materials and Carbon Dave Morrison CSIRO CSIRO Australian Square Kilometre Array Data Long Baseline Array. Randall Wayth Curtin / The MWA GLEAM: The GaLactic/Extragalactic All-sky Nanostructures Archive University of MWA survey Andrew Squelch iVEC Seismic imaging and modelling for mineral and Chunsheng Lu Curtin University Molecular dynamics simulations of the novel Yuqing Feng CSIRO Discrete particle simulation of particulate multiphase Western Australia hydrocarbon exploration and production monitoring mechanical behaviour of nano-structured ceramics flow / MWA David Wilson La Trobe University Quantum Chemical Molecular Properties Randall Wayth Curtin University MWA survey data processing Florian Wellmann CSIRO Efficient estimation of information correlation in 3-D Randall Wayth Curtin / The MWA Operations Kerry Hourigan Monash University Advanced Modelling of Biological Fluid Flows University of James Jewkes Curtin University OpenFOAM 4th year mechanical engineering student Aaron Davis CSIRO Electromagnetic modelling for geophysical earth Western Australia projects Nikhil Medhekar Monash University Atomistic simulations for electronic, chemical amd structure / MWA mechanical properties of nanoscale materials Andrew Rohl Curtin University Realistic Modelling of the Effects of Solvent and Ravichandar CSIRO Enhancing storage and delivery of small molecules in Piotr Kowalczyk Curtin University Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Multi-Component Additives on Crystal Growth Chenghua Sun Monash University Computer-aided Design of Dye/TiO2 Interface for Babarao porous materials from molecular perspective Greenhouse Gas Mixtures in Nanoconfinement High Performance Solar Cells Marco Marinelli Curtin University Statistical modelling of relationship between winter James Hane CSIRO Genome analysis of plants, pathogen and pests James Haile Curtin University Analysis of Trace and Environmental DNA storms and storm surge. Ekaterina Pas Monash University Fragment molecular orbital approach for liquid relevant to wheat, lupin and other legumes electrolytes Andrew Rohl Curtin University Curtin - Chemical Research Methods 362 James Jewkes Curtin University The Phenomenology of Unsteady Impinging Jets: Chris Green CSIRO High resolution density-driven convection in 3D Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer Julio Soria Monash University Investigations of transitional and turbulent shear porous media using MOOSE Mahyar Madadi Curtin University Finite Difference/Finite Element modeling of elastic flows waves Jason Park Curtin University Valuation of Collateralized Debt Obligations: An Jim Gunson CSIRO Littoral-zone modelling of morphodynamic changes equilibrium model Michael Dentith Moombarriga 3D Inverse Modelling of Magnetotelluric Data:A on bathymetry and shorelines Igor Bray Curtin University GPU implementation for solving large-scale linear Geoscience Useful Regional Mineral Exploration Targeting Tool? equation systems will be investigated. Chunyan Fan Curtin University, Fundamental Study of Adsorption Processes in Novel Junfang Zhang CSIRO Molecular dynamic study of gas adsorption on coal Gary Madden Curtin University Hedonic Pricing Model for the Finnish Mobile Handset Nanoporous Materials and Characterization Mohammednoor Murdoch University Fundamental Understanding of the Role of Singlet Neil Francis CSIRO Molecular Modelling of Hydrometallurgical Reagents Altarawneh Molecular Oxygen in Spontaneous fires Market Ricardo Mancera Curtin University, Large scale molecular dynamics simulations of Thomas Poulet CSIRO Multiphysics simulations using MOOSE Ryan Mead-Hunter Curtin University Modelling of particle deposition in the upper airways macrobiomolecular complexes Matthew Bellgard Murdoch University Barley genome assembly and lungs Dirk Slawinski CSIRO Offline particle track modelling for connectivity Kym Ottewell Dept Parks & Genomics of West Australian flora Matthew Bellgard Murdoch University Large genome activities analysis in Northwest WA Wildlife Wei Hu Curtin University Reload option pricing Carlo Pacioni Murdoch University Applying coalescent-based genetic simulations to the David Annetts CSIRO Probabilistic inversions for lithological units Andrew King Curtin University Wave Energy Characterisation Daniel Grimwood DMP (dmp.wa.gov. DMP / iVEC pilot conservation of endangered species au) Jess Robertson CSIRO Scale-sensitive algorithms for data-driven resource Christian Hirt Curtin University 100 m-resolution model of Earth's global gravity field Rudi Appels Murdoch University BPA wheat activities - Assembly of chromosome 7A discovery Steven Hinckley Edith Cowan Biomedical imaging in optical coherence tomography and SNP analysis for 16 varieties Hongwei Wu Curtin University 1-Modelling of LNG dispersion 2-Modelling of bio-oil/ University using a genetic algorithm model. Chandana CSIRO Simulation of Underground Coal Mines and Mineral char slurry in a fluidized bed reactor Brad Norman Murdoch University ECOCEAN Whale Shark Photo-identification Library Jayasundara processing Shane Henderson Edith Cowan ECU 3D Animation renderfarm 2014 Jonathan Kirby Curtin University 3D Christmas Trees: Anisotropic Rheology of the University Matthew Bellgard Murdoch University High performance computing for bioinformatics Jesse Robertson CSIRO Sloshing silicates and sulfides - the fluid dynamics of Lithosphere analysis across 'omics platforms magmatic sulfide deposits Meghan Thomas Edith Cowan Epigenetic regulation of alternative splicing Chi Minh Phan Curtin University Adsorption Layer Properties of CnTAB at the oil-water University Tom Lyons Murdoch University Past and Future Temperature Extremes and Tristan Salles CSIRO Stratigraphic & Geomorphic Forward Modelling Interface Vegetation in Western Australia Infrastructure (SGFM) Mohamed Ismail Edith Cowan Flume Open Channel Igor Bray Curtin University Atomic Collision Theory University David Henry Murdoch University Theoretical Design of Nanocatalysts and Materials Florian Wellmann CSIRO Uncertainty quantification in subsurface flow fields Julian Gale Curtin University Atomistic simulation of minerals and geochemistry Mahmudul Raz Edith Cowan Rendering project Michael Meuleners Ocean Systems Hydrodynamic modelling of ocean currents for use in Xiaoliang Wu CSIRO Urban Monitor University Engineering operational forecasting and oil spill response. Peter Fearns Curtin University Australian Regional Environmental Remote Sensing

22 23 PROJECTS @ PAWSEY PROJECTS @ PAWSEY PROJECT LIST

Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Principal Institution Project Title Investigator Investigator Investigator Investigator

Ramin Rahmani refricenter.com.au Hydrogen storage Karl-Heinz Wyrwoll The University of Modelling of the climatology of the northwest Linqing Wen The University of Gravitational Wave Search with Application of GPUs Joel Brugger University of Mobility of platinum group elements in hydrothermal Western Australia Australian summer monsoon over the last 22,000 Western Australia Adelaide system: insights from molecular dynamics Toby Allen Royal Melbourne Mechanisms of charge-membrane interactions and years Institute of transport Nader Issa The University of HPC simulation, imaging and inversion of passive Greg Poole University of Tiamat and DRAGONS - the Dark-ages Reionisation Technology Dino Spagnoli The University of Molecular dynamics simulations of the aggregation of Western Australia seismology data Melbourne and Galaxy Formation Simulation Program Western Australia polyaromatic hydrocarbons Michelle Spencer Royal Melbourne Modelling Nanoscale Materials for Sensing and Marco Ghisalberti The University of Influence of turbulence in particle capture in aquatic Evatt Hawkes University of New Direct Numerical Simulations and Large Eddy Institute of Device Applications Weronika Gorczyk The University of Multiscale Dynamics of Orebody Formation Western Australia systems South Wales Simulations of Turbulent Combustion Technology Western Australia Amir Karton The University of Mimicking nature computational design of better Aibing Yu University of New Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Irene Yarovsky Royal Melbourne Theoretical Investigation of surfaces and interfaces Hongwei An The University of Numerical simulations of wave boundary layer effect Western Australia antioxidants South Wales Institute of for industrial and biomedical applications Western Australia on the stability of small diameter pipeline Matthew Hipsey The University of Modelling estuary health Robert Wittenmyer University of New Studying the Dynamics of Multiple Planetary Systems Technology Marco Ghisalberti The University of Numerical study of particle capture in aquatic Western Australia South Wales Alan Duffy Swinburne Smaug - The First Galaxies Simulation Series Western Australia ecosystems Martin Ebert The University of Monte Carlo Simulations in Medical Physics David Edwards University of Crop genome informatics University / Andy Fourie The University of Paste tailings beach slope prediction with CFD Western Australia Queensland University of Western Australia simulation Melbourne Laura Boykin The University of MrBayes and BEAST analyses of agriculturally Evelyne Deplazes University of Developing computational methods to improve the Dylan Jayatilaka The University of Quantum crystallography on large systems Western Australia important organisms (Magnus) Queensland accuracy of structural data obtained from DEER Munish Mehta The The University Cane Toad Genome Sequencing Western Australia of Western Liang Cheng The University of Numerical modeling of scour below an offshore Alan Mark University of From molecules to cells Australia Jason Wang The University of Radio Astronomy Data Intensive and HPC Research Western Australia pipeline Queensland Western Australia Projects from ICRAR ICT Team Feifei Tong The The University Classification of wake flow patterns around four Jie Liu The University of Quantitative analysis of microtomography and pore- Alan Aitken University of Methodologies of large-scale multi-method of Western cylinders in square arrangement in steady flow Kenji Bekki The University of Simulating dust and molecular cloud formation in Western Australia scale hydrodynamic simulations Queensland geophysical inversion Australia Western Australia dwarf galaxies Dylan Jayatilaka The University of Quantum crystallography on vitamin B12 coenzyme Dietmar Muller University of Towards dynamic tectonic reconstructions Dilusha Silva The University of Agata Guzek Phillip Melton The University of Statistical Genetic and Epidemiological Analyses for Western Australia Sydney Western Australia Western Australia Complex Diseases Jingbo Wang The University of Quantum walk based simulation of electron trasport Sanjib Sharma University of Understanding Galaxy Formation Jeffrey Shragge The University of Computational modelling, imaging and inversion of Agata Guzek The University of Topological interlocking as a novel design concept for Western Australia Sydney Western Australia 3D/4D seismic wavefields Western Australia the development of hybrid materials Peter Munro The University of Reaching new frontiers in optical imaging through the Peter Jones University of Plasmodium falciparum neutral aminopeptidases Dino Spagnoli The University of Density Functional Theory Study of Semiconductors Scott Wilson The University of Understanding complex human genetic diseases Western Australia use of rigorous models Technology, Sydney structure-function analysis Western Australia and their Surfaces Western Australia through whole genome sequencing Peter Metaxas The University of Strongly coupled nanomagnets: applications to Willy Susilo University of Quantum Simulator David Huang The University of Design of High-Speed Underwater Acoustic Tongming Zhou The University of Vortex and force characteristics of inclined offshore Western Australia reconfigurable spintronic devices Wollongong Western Australia Communication Systems Using Block-by-Block Turbo Western Australia cylindrical structures in oscillatory flows Processing Feifei Tong The University of The effects of wave breaking on cylindrical structures Carol Wang The University of Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort and the Western Australia Chris Power The University of Detecting Missing Baryons in the Cosmic Web Western Australia Preterm Birth Genome Project Western Australia Nilimesh Halder The University of UWA Dengue Spread Model Berwin Turlach The University of Alternative Spatiotemporal Imputation Methods for Western Australia Chris Power The University of Developing & incorporating models of AGN feedback Western Australia Catch Rate Standardisation. Western Australia in cosmological simulations Randall Wayth The University of MWA data preprocessing: flags and compression Ali Karrech The University of Computational Multi-physics for Fault Reactivation in Western Australia / Greg Ivey The University of Developing a water quality forecast system for the Western Australia Resource Reservoirs CURTIN / ICRAR Western Australia Sohar industrial port, oman Huaiyu Yuan The University of Full waveform inversion for the seismic anisotropy in Kenji Bekki The University of Simulating the two-stage formation process of the Hong Hao The University of Development of Fuel Storage Tank with Frangible Western Australia the global and regional upper mantle Western Australia Galactic globular clusters Western Australia Roof to Resist Accidental Explosion Load / ICRAR Rie Kamei The University of Full Waveform Inversion of 3D seismic data on GPU Alan Duffy The University of DRAGONS Dark-ages Reionization and Galaxy Western Australia arrays Mike Ford Univeristy of Electron beam induced etching and deposition Western Australia Formation Simulation Technology Sydney Geun Jang The University of Full Waveform Inversion of 3D seismic data on HPC Keith Godfrey The University of Empirical investigation of pairs trading in financial Western Australia x86 clusters Michael Cortie Univeristy of Investigation of High Entropy Alloys for advanced Western Australia securities Technology Sydney nuclear applications Dong Wang The University of GPU parallelisation of Material Point Method oriented Ryan Lowe The University of Highly-resolved ocean simulations of the northwest Western Australia to submarine landslide Derek Leinweber University of Electromagnetic Structure of Matter Western Australia Australian coast Adelaide Jeffrey Shragge The University of GPU-based imaging/inversion of complex 3D/4D Mariusz Martyniuk The University of Integrated on-chip force and displacement sensors Western Australia seismic wavefields Western Australia for high-speed AFM of ultimate sensitivity

24 25 Acknowledgements The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre is supported by $90 million funding as part of the Australian Government’s measures to support national research infrastructure under the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy and related programs through the Department of Education. The Centre would also like to acknowledge the support provided by the Western Australian Government and its partner organisations.