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Home , Lipotropin, Pancreatic polypeptide

Location of Major Endocrine Organ Responsible for Illustrations of the Secreting Cell Type Responsible for Illustration of Target Organ or Consequences of Drugs Associated with Item # Secretion Initiated By Secretion Inhibited By Molecular Structure of Alternate Name Target Organ or Tissue Principle Action Chemical Class Consequences of Excess Feed Back System Reference Gland Secretion Organ Secretion Tissue Deficieny the Imbalance

colorado.edu,www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/b Decreases the permiability of the ookshelf/picrender.fcgi,Image may be Hypertension Hypotension Kidneys collecting ducts of the kidneys, Increases the permiability of the collecting subject to copyright dehydration Desmopressin, 1 increased blood volume Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Vassopressin Cranial Cavity (3) Neurosecretory Cells Sweat Glands To conserve water by decreasing urine output increasing urine production, resulting ducts of the kidneys decreasing urine Negative http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressi decreased blood volume Terlipressin alcohol Arterioles in dehydration, and possibaly production. n pain, stress,and increased sodium diabetes insipidus shop1.actinicexpress.co.uk,www.che micalbook.com/StructureFile

anselm.edu, No known syndrome naturally secreted, Pitocin, Syntocinon, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science, Stimulation of nipples and child Uterus during labor and mammary Stimulates uterine muscle contraction, and Prevents maturnal bond, decrease in however if given excess via IV it can cause 2 Catecholamines (OT) Alpha-hypophamine Cranial Cavity Posterior Pituitary Neurosecretory Cells Peptide Positive tocolytic agent atosiban www.chemicalbook.com/CAS,bioweb. birth glands secretion of milk milk ejection water retention and iatrogenic (Tractocile) wku.edu/courses,www.chemicalbook. hyponatremia. com/StructureFile

www.cartage.org.lb/.../endocrorgs.gif,, Stimulates synthesis and release of www.invitrogen.com/etc/medialib/en/i 3 Thyroid Releasing Hormone High levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Thyrotropin Cranial Cavity Neurosecretory Cells, Thyrotrophs Thyroid Gland hormones, growth and function of thyroid Hypothyroidism Glycoprotein Hyperthyroidism Negative Thyrogen mages,physpharm.ohsu.edu/.../Image gland s/Edwin.jpg,content.answers.com/

Cosyntropin, Tradename www.genscript.com,www.laurelalexan Stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids from Cortrosyn and Synacthen 4 Low level of , stress, fever Increased levels of cortisol Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Corticotropin Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Corticotrophs Adrenal Cortex Hypoadrenalism Peptide Hyperadrenalism Negative der.co.uk,www.chemicalbook.com/Str the adrenal glands. (synthetic ACTH), Acthar uctureFile, Gel

Menotropins including more purified forms of www.agen.ufl.edu, Stimulates the production of eggs(ovarian urinary such (men) & hypogonadism cessation of primary hypogonadism, www.nextbio.com/b/pubchemimg 5 -releasing hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Gonadotropins Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Gonadotrophs Testes & follicles) and in women and sperm in Glycoprotein Negative as Menopur, as well as (women) reproductive cycles (females) cryptorchidism(undescended testes) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicle- men. without LH activity as stimulating_hormone recombinant FSH (Gonal F, Follistim).

Pergonal, and other forms of urinary gonadotropins . www.lookchem.com/keyimages,www. More purified forms of phoenix5.org/.../graphics/malereprouri High levels of, (in the testes urinary gonadotropins may LH stimulates secretion of sex from secondary hypogonadism (Kallmann n.jpg,www.invitrogen.com/etc/medialib 6 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone testosterone, in the overies estrogen Leutininzing Hormone (LH) Gonadotropins Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Gonadotrophs Gonads Glycoprotein primary hypogonadism Negative reduce the LH portion in the gonads. syndrome) /en/images and progesterone) relation to FSH. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing Recombinant LH is _hormone available as lutropin alfa (Luveris). www.terrapub.co.jp,academic.kellogg. Medications that act like edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKi.Imag Enlarge mammary glands in both (such as e may be subject to 7 Mechanical or infant suckling Dopamine (PRL) Luteotropic hormone (LTH) Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Lactotrophs Mammary glands Stimulates Mammary glands to produce milk Absence of milk production Protein Negative male/females, infertility, galactorrhea or copyright,ehponline.org ).

www.rgs.uky.edu/odyssey/images/mel anocyte_uv.jpg,www.topnews.in/files/ Stimulating Hormone Stimulates the production and release of (melanotan- Skin-Hair.Care_.jpg, Image may be 8 Ultraviolet light Release Inhibitory Hormone (MIF) Melanocyte - Stimulating Hormone Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Corticotropes Skin & Hair Hyperpigmentation Polypeptide No melain produced, Albinism Negative 1), subject to copyright.,img.tfd.com/MosbyMD/thum b/tyrosine.jpg

Genotropin®, www.chemicalbook.com/CAS,genxxl.c Control by central nervous system, an anterior pituitary Causes to release IGF-1 promoting Humatrope®, Norditropin®, om/.../i6.photobucket.com 9 occurs in burts, most released regulating hormone produced in Human Somatotropin Cranial Cavity Anterior Pituitary Somatotropes All body cells growth of long bones. Stimulates fat cells to Growth retardation (dwarvism) Protein Giganticism and Acromegly Negative Nutropin®, Saizen®, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/dru during early sleep, , break down triglyceride Serostim® gs_concern/hgh.htm

1 OF 5 Location of Major Endocrine Organ Responsible for Illustrations of the Secreting Cell Type Responsible for Illustration of Target Organ or Consequences of Drugs Associated with Item # Secretion Initiated By Secretion Inhibited By Hormone Molecular Structure of Hormones Alternate Name Target Organ or Tissue Principle Action Chemical Class Consequences of Excess Feed Back System Reference Gland Secretion Organ Secretion Tissue Deficieny the Imbalance

Levothyroxine (i.e., www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf,genx Synthroid, Levoxyl), as well xl.com/.i6.photobucket.com,www.che as synthetic forms of the Hypothyroidism ( Cretinism , micalbook.com/StructureFile, 10 Thyroid releasing hormone Somatostatin Thyroid Hormone Thyroglobulin Neck Thyroid Gland Follicular Cells All Body cells Regulates the body's metabolic rate Peptide Hyperthyroidism (Grave's Disease) Negative T3 hormone. Natural, Myxedema) http://thyroid.about.com/od/thyroiddru animal-derived desiccated gstreatments/tp/thyroidhormonereplac thyroid, such as Armour ement.htm Thyroid.

A large number of diseases are www.igb.fraunhofer.de/.../,w A large number of diseases are associated associated with abnormally increased ww.modernights.com/images/bone%2 Regulate calcuim and phosphoros blood with abnormally increased or decreased Increase in serum Calcium levels, or decreased levels of calcitonin, but Miacalcin Nasal, Fortical, 0tissue.jpg http://www.drugs.com/drug- 11 Blood calcium levels below normal Calcitonin Thyrocalcitonin Neck Thyroid Gland Parafollicular cells Bone tissue levels stimulates absorption of calcium by Peptide levels of calcitonin, but pathologic effects of Negative , pathologic effects of abnormal Miacalcin class/calcitonin.html bone abnormal calcitonin secretion per se are not calcitonin secretion per se are not generally recognized. generally recognized. Image may be subject to copyright. https://www.bcbsri.com/BCBSRIWeb/i mages,www.modernights.com/images /bone%20tissue.jpg http://www.drugs.com/drug- class/parathyroid-hormone-and- Regulates serum Ca levels by releasing Ca Hypoparathyroidism - analogs.html 12 Low serum calcium levels Serum calcium levels above normal Parathormone Neck Parathyroid chief cell Bone tissue Peptide Hyperparathyroidism,decalcification of bone Negative Forteo from bones tetany/convulsions www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile. www.landesbioscience.com/.../Naveh- Many03Jin.jpg

Image may be subject to copyright.

Adrenalin® Chloride http://www.thyroidinstitute.org/images/ Solution, EpiPens, adrenal_gland.jpg, Adrenal Glands Sympathetic effectors, cardiac and Provides the body with energy for a stress Dopamine beta-hydroxylase 13 Stressor Self regulating Epinephrine Abdominal Cavity (retroperitoneal) Chromaffin cells Peptide Anxiety/fear/panic Negative Anapens and Twinjects, psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Epinephrin (adrenal medulla) other muscles response (fight or flight) deficiency Racemic epinephrine e.,www.medical- look.com/.../Cardiac_Muscle

Levophed Bitartrate www.lookchem.com Adrenergic receptors: , Provides the body with energy for a stress Dopamine beta-hydroxylase 14 Danger threatens or in emergency Self regulating Noradrenaline Abdominal Cavity (retroperitoneal) Adrenal Glands (adrenal medulla) Chromaffin cells Anxiety/fear/panic Negative LEVOPHED http://www.drugs.com/mtm/norepinep liver, muscle, repiratory rate response (fight or flight) deficiency hrine.html

Cushing Syndrome, Addison's disease Bartter syndrome (extremely rare) http://image.tutorvista.com/content,om Antagonist Water regulation, increases plasma Na+ and (rare) Primary hyperaldosteronism (rare) /large_KidneyDiagram 15 II Sodium Ions and Dopamine, ANH Aldosterone Salt-retaining hormone Abdominal Cavity (retroperitoneal) Adrenal Glands (adrenal cortex) Zona glomerulosa cells Kidneys Negative (spironolactone) decreases K+ Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Secondary hyperaldosteronism from http://www.drugs.com/enc/aldosteron Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism or disease e.html Very high-sodium diet Very low-sodium diet http://www.xploringhealth.com/ Increased Cortisol levels inhibit CRH Zona fasciculata and zona Stimulates synthesis/conservation & Can suppress bodys defense system, or http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhc 16 ACTH Cortisol / Cortisone Hydrocortisone Abdominal Cavity (retroperitoneal Adrenal Glands (adrenal cortex) All tissues Over inflammation of tissues Amino acid Negative secretion and stops ACTH secretion reticularis cells. inhibits inflammatory response including the inflammatory response. Corticosteroids v2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Hormones_c ortisone kcampbell.bio.umb.edu/November01/ Srycasca.gif Image may be subject to Increased levels of FSH, LH and Zona fasciculata and zona Hormone replacement 17 ACTH Gonadocorticoids Hormone Adrenal androgens Abdominal Cavity (retroperitoneal) Adrenal Glands (adrenal cortex) All tissues Sex hormones prior to puberty Addison’s disease Steroid Cushing's disease and/or masculinization Negative copyright. GnRH reticularis cells. therapy (HRT)

2 OF 5 Location of Major Endocrine Organ Responsible for Illustrations of the Secreting Cell Type Responsible for Illustration of Target Organ or Consequences of Drugs Associated with Item # Secretion Initiated By Secretion Inhibited By Hormone Molecular Structure of Hormones Alternate Name Target Organ or Tissue Principle Action Chemical Class Consequences of Excess Feed Back System Reference Gland Secretion Organ Secretion Tissue Deficieny the Imbalance

www.pharmacorama.com/en/Sections Regular /images/Insul.Image may be subject to Humulin R, Novolin R, Liver and skeletal muscules copyright.,www.chemicalbook.com/Str 18 Increased gluconse in the blood Decreased glucose in the blood stream Insulin Pancrein Abdominal Cavity (pancreas) b islet cells Lowers level of glucose in the blood Diabetes mellitus/diabetic coma Peptide Negative Novolin R Innolet, Novolin (shown) uctureFile R PenFill, ReliOn/Novolin http://www.drugs.com/insulin.html R

www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, www.best-vitamin-supplements- Cuasing pancreatic tumors as GlucaGen guide.com/images,www.lookchem.co 19 Decrease in bood glucose levels Increase in blood glucose levels Abdominal Cavity (pancreas) Pancreatic Islets Alphn cells of b ilet of langerhans Liver elevates level of glucose in the blood Hyperaminoacidemia Polypeptide Negative glucagonoma. m/keyimages// http://www.drugs.com/cdi/glucagon.ht ml

Having too little PP hormones hormone is expressed appears to stimulate appetite, lessens Having too much would cause lack of Pancreatic Polypeptide www.ebi.ac Inhibits pancreatic enzyme secretion Peptide (amino acid 20 PP cells (F cells) Pancreatic Polypeptide F Cell Abdominal Cavity (pancreas) Pancreas PP Cells Intestinal cells and other affectors at times when glucose levels in the blood are the ability to resist the temptation of appitite, loss of body mass, low blood Negative (PP) http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ via a cholinergic pathway polypeptide) low causing hunger. food, and increases the chances of a glucose levals NCT00791076 person becoming overweight.

growth hormone-inhibiting hormone upload.wikimedia.org/.../2/27/Somatos Increased levels of Growth Neuronedocrine neurone of the inhibits release of growth hormone, inhibits 21 Decreased levels of Growth hormone Somatostatin (GHIH) or somatotropin release- Cranial Cavity (Brain) Hypothalamus Pancreatic cells and other effectors Acromegaly Peptide Dwarfism Negative , Lanreotide tatin.png,www.chemicalbook.com/Stru horomone (GIHH) periventricular nucleus release of thyroid stimulating hormone inhibiting factor (SRIF) ctureFile

Testosterone is primarily Poor libido, Fatigue, atrophy, erectile Andro LA 200, Delatestryl, http://www.biog1105- synthesized in Leydig cells. The dysfunction, diabetes, poor sleep, Early puberty, acne, excessive muscle mass Depandro 100, Depo- 1106.org,www.ftmguide.org/images/T number of Leydig cells in turn is 22 High levels of the hormone LH Testosteone Androgen Pelvic Cavity (Scrotum) Teste Adrenal Cortex Brain, bones, muscle, gonads Promotes protein depression, anxiety, psychological Androgen (steroid) and mood swings. Breast tissue growth and Negative Testosterone, molecule.gif regulated by disorders, decrease of hair, loss of unusual body hair growth Testosterone Cypionate, http://www.drugs.com/testosterone.ht (LH) and follicle stimulating bone mass, irritability, infertility Testosterone Enanthate ml hormone (FSH). Alora3, Angeliq4, Climara5, Climara Pro6, PMS Migraines Mood Swings Cramps Combipatch7 ,Delestrogen, Uterine Fibroids Depression Unexplained Enjuvia8, Estraderm9, http://www.biog1105- Promote the development of female (Physical)- arthrosclerosis, Weight Gain Fatigue Osteoporosis Insomnia Estrasorb10, femhrt11, 1106.org,www.the-hormonal- By FSH ( Follicle stimulating secondary sexual characteristics, such as Gonads, brain, cardiovascular,liver, headaches, vaginal infections, arthritis Allergies Memory Loss Acne Hot Flashes Femring12,Prefest13 nightmare.com/images/Human 23 hormone) and LH (luteinizing) Menopause Estrogen Oogenesis Pelvic Cavity Adrenal Cortex breasts, and are also involved in the Steroid Negative bone (Mental)- depression panic attacks, Thinning Hair Irregular Periods Breast Tablets, Premarin14, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ hormone in the ovaries. thickening of the endometrium and other lowered self esteem. Menopause Tenderness Miscarriage Low Sex Drive Premarin Intravenous15, InformationbyDrugClass/ucm135318.h aspects of regulating the menstrual cycle. High Blood Pressure Facial Hair Premarin Vaginal tm Inflammation Cream16, PREMPRO/PREMPHASE 17, Vivelle18, Vivelle- Dot19 Progesterone converts the endometrium to its secretory stage to prepare the uterus for Infertility, miscarriage, carbohydrate BY FSH ( Follicle stimulating implantation. At the same time progesterone cravings, tenderness to breast, Inhibits pituitary secretion of FSH and LH; First Progesterone MC10, http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au,i 24 hormone) and LH (luteinizing) High levels of the hormone FSH Progesterone Oogenesis Pelvic Cavity Ovary(Corpus lutem) Adrenal Cortex Gonads affects the vaginal epithelium and cervical irregular periods, ovarian cysts, Lipids As a result the developent of new follicles Negitive First Progesterone MC5, mage.absoluteastronomy.com/images hormone in the ovaries. mucus, making it thick and impermeable to menstrual cramps, water retention, are inhibited. Progest, Prometrium /encycloped sperm. If pregnancy does not occur, hypothermia, progesterone levels will decrease, leading, in the human, to menstruation

Enhances the development of "T" Little or no immune response. Inability to ZADAXIN® http://www.empowher.com,www.lookc lymphocytes. Activity of the wanes Decrease T cells can occur in resist bacterial, viral or fungal infections. A 25 T cells (lymphoctes) Low level of T cells Mediastinum Thymus Cortex Lymphoid Blood( white blood cells) Negative Thymosin Alpha 1, hem.com/300w significantly after puberty; it ultimately infection and disease. lack of cancer cell surveillance. Inability to Injection (thymalfasin) http://www.rxlist.com/zadaxin-drug.htm atrophies to be replaced with fibrous tissue. reject foreign tissues.

Melatonin, S.Gard, ...show www.hbcprotocols.com/sleep/images/ Increase hormone can cause a sleeping all 6 brand names.Bio- Regulate onset of puberty and signal forms part of the system that melatonin.gif disorder .( Also sleep can help growth Melatonin, Health Aid 26 menstrual cycle, responds to Inhibition of testerone Melatonin Methoxytryptamine Cranial Cavity (Brain) Pinealocytes Brain regulates the Circadian rhythm (sleep-wake Insomnia or frequent waking Peptide Negative http://www.drugs.com/mtm/melatonin. development and energy. Only if you sleep Melatonin, VesPro body's internal clock cycle) by chemically causing drowsiness html for 8-10 hrs.) Melatonin, Melatonin Time Release

www.lookchem.com/UserFilesUpload Psychological, Physical changes. Physical change or damage, drug Parvocellular Neurosecretory Is a hormone whose main purpose is to Psychological, Physical changes. Illness, Antagon, Cetrotide, http://www.drugs.com/drug- 27 Internal-External Stimuli Releasing Hormones Releasing Factor Cranial Cavity (Brain) Hypothalmus Pituitary Illness, organ damage, hormonal Peptide Negative influences, psychological imbalance Neurons control the release of another hormone organ damage, hormonal imbalances, death Firmagon, Plenaxis class/gonadotropin-releasing- imbalances, death hormone-antagonists.html

3 OF 5 Location of Major Endocrine Organ Responsible for Illustrations of the Secreting Cell Type Responsible for Illustration of Target Organ or Consequences of Drugs Associated with Item # Secretion Initiated By Secretion Inhibited By Hormone Molecular Structure of Hormones Alternate Name Target Organ or Tissue Principle Action Chemical Class Consequences of Excess Feed Back System Reference Gland Secretion Organ Secretion Tissue Deficieny the Imbalance

Additional Organs, Tissues and Cells that produce Hormones

www.best-vitamin-supplements- Anemia occurs in type 1 diabetes, Hormone released from the kidney that Epogen, Procrit, Eprex, guide.com/images,www3.interscience. Falling levels of EPO, moderate Chemotherapy and PO2 is normal, renal failure. Glycopreotein secreted Anemia, too many red blood cells, kidney A (EPO) Epoetin Alfa Abdominal Cavity Kidneys liver Extraglomerular Mesangial Liver stimulates thr production of red cells in the Glycoprotein Negative Dextrose wiley.com bleeding EPO derease to increase red blood cells production tumor bone marrow http://www.drugs.com/ppa/epoetin- in response to oxygen deficiency alfa-erythropoietin-epo.html

Initiated early in parathyroid Rocaltrol (Roche), Calcijex www.minnpost.com/.../large_KidneyDi hormone secetion. Parathyroid B-cell and Vit D, cells of the Promote the absorption of calcium from food (Abbott) and Decostriol agram,biochemistryquestions.wordpre B hormones encourages the Increased Ca & Phosphate Calcitrol (1,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3) Abdominal Cavity Renal Glands/Kidneys proximal tubule of the nephron in Kidneys and bone to mobilize calcium from the bone to Hypocalcemia and Osteoporosis Peptide, Sterol Hormones Hypercalcaemia Negative (Mibe, Jesalis, ss.com activation of calcidiol into the kidneys the blood. Antihypertensive Drugs http://www.drugs.com/mtm/calcitriol.ht by the kidney ml

(Many) In addition to white The effect of the protein on body Plays a key role in regulating energy intake —the major source weight is mediated by decreased and energy expenditure, including the wpcontent.answers.com is secreted by the adipose of leptin—it can also be produced hunger and food consumption due to regulation (decrease) of appetite and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptin tissue into the blood stream, and by brown adipose tissue, inhibition of Y, increased LEP, Obesity Factor, Murine (increase) of metabolism. leptin also regulates Increased appetite, obesity, Type II Recombinant Human http://www.cags.org.ae/FMPro?- C travels to the hypothalamus, where Leptin Many (syncytiotrophoblasts), Adipocytes Many Protein Decreased Appetite Negative energy expenditure, and oxidation of Obesity Homolog reproductive function by enhancing secretion Diabetes Leptin, Fc-Leptin DB=ctga.fp5&- it regulates the release of several ovaries, skeletal muscle, fatty acids in the mitochondria of liver of the gonadotropin releasing hormone, and Format=ctga/ctga_detail.html&- . (lower part of fundic glands), and skeletal muscles. immune function by enhancing the production RecID=34627&-Find mammary epithelial cells, bone of Th1 cells marrow, pituitary and liver.

Aromatase inhibitors can't stop the ovaries from making estrogen, so Gonadotropin Hormone Disfunction, Estrone is produced primarily from aromatase inhibitors only work in post- Vasomotor symptoms, atrophic Essential for maintaining normal female originating from menopausal women. Arimidex (Many) Adrenal Cortex to the vaginitis, and vulvar atrophy Weight Gain and prostate enlargement in Estragyn 5®, Estro-A™, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrone D Estrone Oestrone, Estrogen Many Theca Cells, Granulosa Cells Many functions and are normally produced by the Ketone, Steroid Negative the gonads (female ovaries) or the (chemical name: anastrozole), Ovaries associated with menopause, and for men. Estrone, Primestrin® www.riversideonline.com ovaries. adrenal cortex. Aromasin (chemical name: the prevention of osteoporosis due to exemestane), Femara (chemical name: estrogen defficieny letrozole)

Prostaglandins serve as a catalyst for a large NSAIDs (inhibit number of processes including the movement cyclooxygenase) of calcium and other substances into and out Corticosteroids (inhibit Secretion initiated by the www.elmhurst.edu/.../images/556prost Inhibit cyclooxygenase and reduce of cells, dilation and contraction, inhibition and phospholipase A2 uterus.The linear pathway is Natriuresis, diuresis and blood aglandin E synthesis. induced Cyclooxygenase Many Many All Tissues and Organs All Tissues and Organs promotion of blood clotting, regulation of Eicosanoids, Prostanoid Dysmenorrhea Negative production) initiated through the action of pressure. Schizophrenia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglan intestinal fluid and electrolyte secretion secretions including digestive juices and COX-2 selective inhibitors lipoxygenases. din journals.cambridge.org hormones, control of fertility, cell division and or coxibs growth. Cyclopentenone prostaglandins

The presence of acid (primarily the Indigestion, Leads to Hypochlorhydria, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, Stomic www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, Initiated by food in the stomach. secreted HCl) in the stomach, where acid production is low. Stimulates secretion of by the produces Hydrochloricacid causing Tumors Omeprazole www.chemicalbook.com F The intestinal phase is initiated by Secretion of this hormone is inhibited Gastrin , Pentagastrin Many GI Tract G cells Stomach and Bacterial overgrowth leading to Peptide Negative parietal cells of the stomach and Peptide Ulcers. Duodenum Tumor, http://www.drugs.com/international/om distension when the lumenal pH of the stomach diarrhea and decrease in absorption Pancreatic Cholera Syndrome e-gastrin.html becomes very low of nutrients.

Glucose-dependent www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, insulinotropic peptide (GIP) Stimulates insulin secretion after enteral Obesity, Pancreas Morphology and journals.prous.com G Lipoprotein Lipase Inhibits Cyclic Adenosine Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) Many GI Tract K cells Small Intestine Peptide Cushing's Syndrome Negative Drug: Modified GIP (GIP nutrient ingestion. Bone Strength Decreased http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT0023 analog) 9707

Action of the latter peptide on the avian www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, Autism, pancreatitis, pancreatic SecreFlo™, ChiRhoStim® pancreas. A hormone made by glands in the Gastic Acidity and Pancreas Contrasted bioinf-tomcat.charite H Acidification of the Duodenum Normal pH Level Pancreatic Many GI Tract S cells Pancreas secretion, Vitamin B12 deficeincy due Peptide Negative small intestine that acts to stimulate Dramatically http://www.rxlist.com/secreflo- to pernicious anaemia pancreatic secretions. drug.htm

A hormone secreted by the small intestine that www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, Nutritional substances, secretin (Injection ATP, sensitive pottassium channels, stimulates the pancreas to release its journals.prous.com I and when food leaves the stomach Cholecystokinin (CCK) Pancreozymin Many GI Tract I-cells Pancreas and Gallbladder Less Bile Secretion Peptide Bulimia nervosa Negative route), CCK, pancreozymin verapamil and gastric acid digestive enzymes and the gallbladder to http://www.drugs.com/cons/cholecyst and enters the small intestine contract and release bile okinin-injection.html

4 OF 5 Location of Major Endocrine Organ Responsible for Illustrations of the Secreting Cell Type Responsible for Illustration of Target Organ or Consequences of Drugs Associated with Item # Secretion Initiated By Secretion Inhibited By Hormone Molecular Structure of Hormones Alternate Name Target Organ or Tissue Principle Action Chemical Class Consequences of Excess Feed Back System Reference Gland Secretion Organ Secretion Tissue Deficieny the Imbalance

A hormone produced by the cells fo the early embryo (blastocyst) and the placenta that www.chemicalbook.com/StructureFile, Preabsorption, gestational trophoblastic Novarel, Ovidrel, Pregnyl, maintains the corpus luteum for approximately www.chemicalbook.com Chorion, a fetal tissue component Inhibited in GnRH secretions by disease during pregnancy, carbohydrate Profasi, Chorex, Gonic, J Human Chorionic Gonadotropin HCG Pelvic Cavity Placenta B-cell Corpus Luteum of the Ovary the first 3 months of pregnancy. HCG enters Hypogonadotropic and Hypogonadism Peptide Negative http://www.drugs.com/mtm/human- of the placenta and progesterone substitution, antibody excess receptor HCG, Chorigon, Choron- the bloostream of the mother and is excreted chorionic-gonadotropin-hcg- peptide and omission 10 in her urine. HCG forms the basis for many injectable.html pregnancy tests.

Growth Hormone (GH), Human Stimulates growth and cell reproduction in Growth failure,short failure, congenital Pituitary tumor composed of somatotroph Human http://www.prospecbio.com/Placental_ K Syncytiotrophoblast Dopamine Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin (hCS) Pelvic Cavity Placenta Somatotroph Cells Liver Polypeptide Negative Placental Lactogen humans and other animals. malformation, delayed sexual maturity cells of the anterior pituitary Recombinant Lactogen_Human_2_125/

Alora3, Angeliq4, Climara5, Climara Pro6, Combipatch7 ,Delestrogen, Enjuvia8, Estraderm9, A produced by the follicle Estrasorb10, femhrt11, cells and the corpus luteum in the ovary. www.fibroidsetc.com By FSH ( Follicle stimulating Low estrogen levels during pregnancy Femring12,Prefest13 breast and uterus, brain, bone, Breast and Uterus, Brain, Bone, Estrogen helps oocytes mature, stimulates cell Nausea, headaches, heavy bleeding, breast http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ L hormone) and LH (luteinizing) Menopause Estrogen Androgen, Oogenesis Pelvic Cavity Placenta (Corpus Luteum) Developing Follicles can reduce future fertility for female Steroid Negative Tablets, Premarin14, liver, heart and other tissues. Liver, Heart and other Tissues division in the endometrium and the breats tenderness and hormonla imbalance InformationbyDrugClass/ucm135318.h hormone in the ovaries. offspring. Premarin Intravenous15, with each uterine cycle, and maintains tm Premarin Vaginal secondary sex characteristics. Cream16, PREMPRO/PREMPHASE 17, Vivelle18, Vivelle- Dot19

Menopause, breast tenderness, BY FSH ( Follicle stimulating Involved in the female menstrual cycle, muscles aches, premenstrual First Progesterone MC10, image.absoluteastronomy.com "Hormone of Pregnancy", Hormones changes during the normal M hormone) and LH (luteinizing) High levels of the hormone FSH Progesterone Pelvic Cavity Placenta Testicular Cells Uterus and Embryo pregnancy (supports gestation ) and symptoms will be affected, moodiness, Steroid Negative First Progesterone MC5, http://www.drugs.com/mtm/progestero Oogenesis menstrual cycle, body fat hormone in the ovaries. embryogenesis irritably, depression with fatigue and Progest, Prometrium ne.html drowsiness

It is involved in the homeostatic control of body water, sodium, potasssiuman and fat (adipose tissue). It is released by muscle cells Omapatrilat (Not approved content.onlinejacc.org Initiated by Cardiac Myocytes, Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), or in the upper chambers (atria) of the heart N Low blood pressure Atrial (ANP) Thoracic Cavity Heart (Atria) Heart Atrial Myocytes Heart Increased Blood Pressure Polypeptide Low Blood Pressure Negative by FDA), others being http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natri Calcium and Endopeptidase Atriopeptin (atrial myocytes, in response to the high blood developed, uretic_peptide pressure. ANP acts to reduce the water, sodum and adipose loads on the circulatory system, thereby reducing blood pressure.

Angiotensin II is a natural substance in your body that affects your cardiovascular system Captopril, Candesartan When blood volume is low, the by narrowing your blood vessels. This (Atacand), Eprosartan kidneys secrete . Renin narrowing can increase your blood pressure (Teveten), Irbesartan stimulates the production of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers. Work and force your heart to work harder. www.minnpost.com/.../large_KidneyDi (Avapro), Losartan O angiotensin. Angiotensin also by blocking the binding of angiotensin Angiotensin II Renin Substrate Abdominal Cavity Liver Juxtaglomerular cells Kidneys Angiotensin II also starts the release of a Hypotension Oligopeptide Hypertension, Heart Failure, Liver Failure Negative agram,www.ganfyd.org/images (Cozaar), Olmesartan stimulates the secretion of the II to muscles on blood vessels. hormone that increases the amount of sodium www.mayoclinic.com (Benicar), Telmisartan hormone aldosterone from the and water in your body, which can lead to (Micardis), Catecholamine, adrenal cortex. increased blood pressure. Angiotensin II can Valsartan (Diovan) also thicken and stiffen the walls of your blood vessels and heart.

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