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Étude Des Lois Pénales En Matière De Prostitution Au Canada

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Étude Des Lois Pénales En Matière De Prostitution Au Canada CHAMBRE DES COMMUNES CANADA LE DÉFI DU CHANGEMENT : ÉTUDE DES LOIS PÉNALES EN MATIÈRE DE PROSTITUTION AU CANADA Rapport du Comité permanent de la justice et des droits de la personne Art Hanger, député Président Rapport du Sous-comité de l’examen des lois sur le racolage John Maloney, député Président DÉCEMBRE 2006 Le Président de la Chambre des communes accorde, par la présente, l’autorisation de reproduire la totalité ou une partie de ce document à des fins éducatives et à des fins d’étude privée, de recherche, de critique, de compte rendu ou en vue d’en préparer un résumé de journal. Toute reproduction de ce document à des fins commerciales ou autres nécessite l’obtention au préalable d’une autorisation écrite du Président. Si ce document renferme des extraits ou le texte intégral de mémoires présentés au Comité, on doit également obtenir de leurs auteurs l’autorisation de reproduire la totalité ou une partie de ces mémoires. Les transcriptions des réunions publiques du Comité sont disponibles par Internet : http://www.parl.gc.ca En vente : Communication Canada — Édition, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 LE DÉFI DU CHANGEMENT : ÉTUDE DES LOIS PÉNALES EN MATIÈRE DE PROSTITUTION AU CANADA Rapport du Comité permanent de la justice et des droits de la personne Art Hanger, député Président Rapport du Sous-comité de l’examen des lois sur le racolage John Maloney, député Président DÉCEMBRE 2006 Membres du Comité permanent de la justice et des droits de la personne PRÉSIDENT Art Hanger VICE-PRÉSIDENTS Derek Lee Réal Ménard MEMBRES Larry Bagnell Sue Barnes Patrick Brown Joe Comartin Carole Freeman Rob Moore Brian Murphy Daniel Petit Myron Thompson Membres du Sous-comité de l’examen des lois sur le racolage du Comité permanent de la justice et des droits de la personne PRÉSIDENT John Maloney MEMBRES Patricia Davidson Libby Davies Hedy Fry Art Hanger Réal Ménard COGREFFIERS DU COMITÉ Eugene Morawski Justin Vaive DU SERVICE D’INFORMATION ET DE RECHERCHE PARLEMENTAIRES, BIBLIOTHÈQUE DU PARLEMENT Laura Barnett Lyne Casavant iii LE COMITÉ PERMANENT DE LA JUSTICE ET DES DROITS DE LA PERSONNE a l'honneur de présenter son SIXIÈME RAPPORT La motion suivante a été adoptée : Que, conformément à l’article 108 du Règlement, soit créé un Sous-comité de l’examen des lois sur le racolage, composé de six (6) membres : (2 membres du Parti conservateur, 2 membres du Parti libéral, 1 membre du Bloc Québécois et 1 membre du Nouveau Parti démocratique) qui seront nommés par le Comité, en consultation avec les whips; que le Sous-comité s’assure que tous les témoignages publiés qui ont été faits devant le Sous-comité de l’examen des lois sur le racolage au cours de la 38e législature soient pris en compte dans son rapport; que le Sous-comité détermine si d’autres audiences sont nécessaires pour clarifier les témoignages présentés durant la 38e législature; que le Sous-comité fasse rapport au Comité d’ici le 8 décembre 2006 et que le Sous-comité possède tous les pouvoirs conférés au Comité en application de l’alinéa 108(1)a) du Règlement, exception faite du pouvoir de faire rapport directement à la Chambre. Le Sous-comité a examiné la question et a convenu de présenter ses observations et recommandations au Comité dans le cadre d’un rapport intitulé «LE DÉFI DU CHANGEMENT : ÉTUDE DES LOIS PÉNALES EN MATIÈRE DE PROSTITUTION AU CANADA». Votre Comité a adopté le rapport en question qui suit : v TABLE DES MATIÈRES CHAPITRE UN : INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 1 A. L’APPROCHE DU SOUS-COMITÉ ...................................................................... 1 B. MANDAT ET PROCESSUS D’EXAMEN.............................................................. 2 C. ORGANISATION DU RAPPORT.......................................................................... 4 CHAPITRE DEUX : PORTRAIT DE LA PROSTITUTION AU CANADA ......................... 5 A. LA PROSTITUTION AU CANADA........................................................................ 5 1. Les divers types de prostitution ........................................................................ 5 2. La diversité des expériences et des contextes de pratique .............................. 6 La notion de choix ........................................................................................ 8 B. QUE SAVONS-NOUS DE L’AMPLEUR DE LA PROSTITUTION? ....................... 9 C. QUE SAVONS-NOUS DES PERSONNES QUI VENDENT DES SERVICES SEXUELS ?........................................................................................................ 10 1. Que savons-nous du profil démographique des personnes qui vendent des services sexuels? ....................................................................................... 11 (a) Les femmes .......................................................................................... 11 La présence marquée de femmes autochtones ......................................... 13 (b) Les mineurs exploités par la prostitution............................................... 14 (c) La prostitution des hommes, des travestis et des transgenres.............. 15 2. Toxicomanie et prostitution............................................................................. 16 3. La santé des personnes prostituées............................................................... 18 4. Une expérience partagée : la violence ........................................................... 18 (a) Une activité dangereuse selon les données sur l’homicide................... 19 (b) L’expérience de la violence selon les données fondées sur des entretiens avec des personnes pratiquant la prostitution ........................... 21 ix D. QUE SAVONS-NOUS DES CLIENTS DE LA PROSTITUTION?........................ 23 E. QUE SAVONS-NOUS DES PROXÉNÈTES ET DES PERSONNES QUI VIVENT DES FRUITS DE LA PROSTITUTION? ............................................................. 25 F. QUEL RÔLE LE CRIME ORGANISÉ JOUE-T-IL DANS LA PROSTITUTION?... 26 G. QUE SAVONS-NOUS DE LA TRAITE DES PERSONNES (ET DE L’EXPLOITATION D’ILLÉGAUX) À DES FINS DE PROSTITUTION? ............... 28 CHAPITRE TROIS : LA PROSTITUTION ET SES EFFETS......................................... 31 A. LA PROSTITUTION ET SES EFFETS SUR LES FEMMES ET LA COLLECTIVITÉ EN GÉNÉRAL .......................................................................... 31 Une perspective qualifiée de moralisatrice ......................................................... 33 B. LES PRÉJUDICES ASSOCIÉS À LA PROSTITUTION DE RUE ........................ 34 1. Ce que nous avons appris des effets de la prostitution de rue............... 34 2. Des victimes ou des criminels? .............................................................. 37 3. L’expérience variable des collectivités canadiennes et les différentes approches adoptées par les collectivités pour contrer les effets néfastes de la prostitution de rue................................................................................... 37 CHAPITRE QUATRE :LA RÉACTION JURIDIQUE À LA PROSTITUTION.................. 39 A. HISTORIQUE DE LA LÉGISLATION .................................................................. 39 1. 1892 — Dispositions sur le vagabondage ...................................................... 39 2. 1972 — Dispositions contre la sollicitation...................................................... 40 (a) Les dispositions legislatives .................................................................. 40 (b) Le problème .......................................................................................... 41 (c) La réaction ............................................................................................ 42 3. 1985 — La disposition relative aux communications ...................................... 44 (a) Le projet de loi C-49............................................................................. .44 (b) Autres modifications et études .............................................................. 45 B. LES DISPOSITIONS LÉGISLATIVES ACTUELLES ........................................... 47 x 1. Article 213 — La disposition relative aux communications ............................. 47 2. Articles 210 et 211 — Dispositions relatives aux maisons de débauche ........ 49 3. Article 212 — Proxénétisme ........................................................................... 51 4. Autres dispositions du Code criminel.............................................................. 53 5. Le droit international ....................................................................................... 53 C. L’EXÉCUTION DE LA LOI................................................................................... 56 1. Article 213....................................................................................................... 56 (a) Statistiques et caractéristiques démographiques.................................. 56 (b) Problèmes d’application ........................................................................ 58 2. Articles 210 et 211.......................................................................................... 59 (a) Statistiques et mise en vigueur ............................................................. 60 (b) Portée excessive................................................................................... 61 3. Article 212....................................................................................................... 61 (a) Statistiques et mise en vigueur ............................................................. 61
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