DOCSLIB.ORG

Revisiting Prostitution Discourse Within Bedford V. Canada

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Revisiting Prostitution Discourse Within Bedford V. Canada ‘Victim’, ‘Deviant’, or ‘Worker’ but Nothing in Between: Revisiting Prostitution Discourse within Bedford v. Canada by Anita Chiang B.A. (Hons.), Mount Royal University, 2013 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the School of Criminology Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences © Anita Chiang 2015 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fall 2015 Approval Name: Anita Chiang Degree: Master of Arts (Criminology) Title: ‘Victim’, ‘Deviant’, or ‘Worker’ but Nothing in Between: Revisiting Prostitution Discourse within the Bedford v. Canada Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Martin Andresen Professor and Associate Director of Graduate Programs David MacAlister, LLM Senior Supervisor Associate Professor Dr. Ted Palys Supervisor Professor Dr. Hayli Millar External Examiner Assistant Professor School of Criminology and Criminal Justice University of Fraser Valley Date Defended/Approved: November 10, 2015 ii Abstract Controversy around the concept of prostitution and appropriate social policy responses to it has long existed. Perspectives on prostitution constantly conflate with notions of human trafficking, exploitation, and victimization, thereby influencing our understanding of choice, consent, and violence. From 1990 until very recently, Canadian courts failed to address the criminalization of prostitution related activities despite the actual acts of prostitution remaining legal. This study attempts to address current understandings of prostitution through a discourse analysis of the evidence tendered before the three levels of court in the 2013 Ontario Bedford challenge to the constitutionality of prostitution related offences in Canada. Three dominant discourses were identified, namely a victim discourse, a deviant discourse, and a worker discourse, with each providing opposing views of how prostitution should be viewed and what the most appropriate policy response to it entails. Until prostitution discourses are re-inscribed to include the voices of sex workers, the dispute pertaining to prostitution will persist, while the implementation of a favourable solution will remain inhibited. Keywords: Bedford challenge; prostitution discourse; discourse analysis; prostitution related offences iii Dedication To the men, women, and transgender individuals involved in the sex industry, sex workers, and victims, including those who are no longer with us. iv Acknowledgements Apply the 2_Acknow_Normal style to paragraphs in your acknowledgements. If 1st-line indented paragraphs are desired, you may press [Tab] the beginning of each paragraph. v Table of Contents Approval ............................................................................................................................. ii! Abstract ............................................................................................................................. iii! Dedication ......................................................................................................................... iv! Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ v! Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. vi! List of Tables ................................................................................................................... viii! List of Figures ................................................................................................................. viii! Chapter 1.! Introduction ............................................................................................... 1! Chapter 2.! Laws and Discourses Explaining the Story of Prostitution .................. 7! 2.1.! A Historical Overview of Prostitution Law in Canada ............................................... 7! 2.2.! The Legislative Approaches to Prostitution ............................................................ 17! 2.2.1.! The Swedish Model/Nordic Model ............................................................ 17! 2.2.2.! Symmetrical Criminalization ...................................................................... 19! 2.2.3.! Decriminalization and Legalization ............................................................ 20! 2.3.! Former Discourses on Prostitution ......................................................................... 21! 2.4.! A Note on Terminology .......................................................................................... 26! Chapter 3.! Analytical Framework ............................................................................. 28! 3.1.! Research Objectives .............................................................................................. 31! 3.2.! A Discourse Analysis Approach ............................................................................. 32! 3.2.1.! Theoretical framework ............................................................................... 33! 3.3.! Coding Data ........................................................................................................... 34! 3.4.! Ethical Considerations ........................................................................................... 35! Chapter 4.! Discursive Findings ................................................................................ 37! 4.1.! The Experts ............................................................................................................ 37! 4.2.! Major Themes ........................................................................................................ 39! 4.2.1.! A victim in need of rescue ......................................................................... 41! The victim as constructed in the Bedford case ..................................................... 41! 4.2.2.! The deserving deviant ............................................................................... 50! A deserving deviant or a forgotten victim? ............................................................ 50! A victim rather than a deviant ......................................................................... 52! 4.2.3.! The work in sex work ................................................................................ 58! Sex work as a job in Canada ................................................................................ 59! 4.3.! Contending Identities in the Face of the Law ......................................................... 65! Chapter 5.! The Application of the Victim, the Deviant, and the Worker Identity ..................................................................................................... 72! 5.1.! As a Victim, Deviant, and Worker before the Ontario Court of Appeal .................. 74! vi 5.1.1.! The Impact of Prostitution Discourses on the Law: The Ontario Court of Appeal’s Decision ....................................................................... 81! 5.2.! The Portrayal of the Victim, Deviant, and Worker before the Supreme Court of Canada .............................................................................................................. 85! 5.2.1.! The Final Determination: The Supreme Court’s Interpretation ................. 92! Chapter 6.! Discussion and Conclusion ................................................................... 95! 6.1.! The Canadian Approach to Selling and Buying Sex .............................................. 95! 6.2.! Disregarding the ‘Worker’ and Acknowledging the ‘Victim’ and ‘Deviant’ ............ 102! 6.3.! Limitations ............................................................................................................ 106! 6.4.! Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 106! References ................................................................................................................ 108! ! vii List of Tables Table 3.1.! Affiants and Interveners Categorized .......................................................... 30! Table 3.2! Categorization of Interveners by court and side of dispute .......................... 36! Table 4.1.! Classification of Intervener’s and Main Expert’s Resolution on Prostitution .............................................................................................. 38! Table 4.2! Summary of discourses presented in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice ..................................................................................................... 69! Table 5.1! Coded themes from the Ontario Court of Appeal ......................................... 73! Table 5.2! Coded themes from the Supreme Court of Canada .................................... 73! List of Figures Figure 4.1.! Initial major themes coded from trial court documents .............................. 39! Figure 4.2.! Additional themes coded from trial court documents ................................. 40! viii Chapter 1. Introduction Prostitution has come to be known as the exchange of services involving direct sexual contact for money and other considerations, including food, shelter, and clothing- essentially anything that could be asked for in exchange for sexual services (Betteridge, 2005). The commercial exchange of sex is a highly contested legal issue on an international level, affecting people worldwide. On a global scale, prostitution issues are simultaneously being explored in nations including but not limited to Britain (Kantola
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Selling Ourselves: Prostitution in Canada
    The Evangelical Fellowship of Canada Centre for Faith and Public Life [email protected] www.theEFC.ca THE EVANGELICAL FELLOWSHIP OF CANADA is the national association of evangelical Christians, gathered together for influence, impact and identity in ministry and public witness. SELLING OURSELVES: PROSTITUTION IN CANADA- WHERE ARE WE HEADED? A Comparison of the Swedish and the Dutch Models, and the Correlation Between Prostitution and Human Trafficking ORIGINALLY RELEASED APRIL 2010 EFC – CENTRE FOR FAITH AND PUBLIC LIFE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary _______________________________________________3 1. Introduction ____________________________________________________5 2. Canada’s Current Stance on Prostitution ____________________________6 THE EVANGELICAL Prostitution and the Criminal Code __________________________________7 FELLOWSHIP OF Legalization vs. Decriminalization ___________________________________7 CANADA Abolition ______________________________________________________7 is the national association Prostitution in Canada: Where do we stand? __________________________7 of evangelical Terri Jean Bedford et al. v. Her Majesty the Queen ______________________8 Christians, Downtown East Side Sex Workers United Against Violence Society v. Her gathered together Majesty the Queen ________________________________________8 for influence, 3. Criminalizing Demand: The Case in Sweden _________________________9 impact and identity in ministry The Law on the Prohibition of Purchase of Sexual Services ______________9 and public witness.
    [Show full text]
  • Deadly Inertia: a History of Constitutional Challenges to Canada's Criminal Code Sections on Prostitution
    Beijing Law Review, 2011, 2, 33-54 33 doi:10.4236/blr.2011.22005 Published Online June 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/blr) Deadly Inertia: A History of Constitutional Challenges to Canada’s Criminal Code Sections on Prostitution John Lowman School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, University Drive, Burnaby, Canada. Email: [email protected] Received June 10th, 2010; revised February 18th, 2011; accepted March 24th, 2011. ABSTRACT This paper examines rhetoric surrounding prostitution law reform in Canada from 1970 to the present. During the 1950s and 1960s, there was very little media or political attention paid to prostitution. It was not until the mid 1970s that perceived problems with prostitution law began to surface, driven by concerns that the criminal code statute pro- hibiting street prostitution was not enforceable. In 1983 the Liberal government appointed the Special Committee on Pornography and Prostitution to consider options for law and policy reform. However, the Conservative government that received the report in 1985 rejected the sweeping law changes the Special Committee recommended, opting instead to rewrite the street prostitution offence. Since then the murder of somewhere between 200 and 300 street prostitutes has prompted renewed calls for law reform. The debate on law reform culminated in 2006 with a parliamentary review that saw all four federal political parties agreeing that Canada’s prostitution laws are “unacceptable,” but unable to agree about how to change them. The majority report held that consenting adult prostitution should be legal, while the minority report held that it should be prohibited. In 2007 the Standing Committee on the Status of Women recom- mended that Canada adopt the Nordic model of demand-side prohibition.
    [Show full text]
  • The Desired Object : Prostitution in Canda, United States and Australia
    The Desired Object: Prostitution in Canada, United States and Australia THE DESIRED OBJECT: PROSTITUTION IN CANADA, UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA Suzanne E. Hatty Senior Lecturer and Coordinator Criminology School of Social Science and Liberal Studies Charles Sturt University New South Wales THE STATE REGULATION OF SEXUALITY CONTINUES TO GENERATE CONTRO-versy amongst feminist scholars and activists, criminologists and law-makers. Historically, the state has upheld traditional patriarchal institutions and supported male-biased rights concerning the deployment of sexuality and reproductive abilities. The state has actively sought to entrench women's position as home- maker and sexually-available partner, whilst at the same time contesting the right of women to practise prostitution. In a gender-stratified society, in which sex, sexuality and the body are socially- constructed, prostitution raises important questions about the nature of desire, pleasure, harm and violence. As Lowman (1986, p. 193) notes: For contemporary feminists, the sexual commodification of women creates an uneasy tension between a desire to suppress the trade and a desire to free prostitutes from state interference. On the one hand, prostitution represents the pole of a system of sexual stratification and must be resisted as the quintessential form of men's exploitation of women (and children of both sexes). Prostitution is the raw end [sic] of patriarchy. In this paper, the different ways in which prostitution by women is conceptualised by prostitute advocacy groups and academics in the United States and Australia will be examined. Current research on the experience of prostitution will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on information gathered during interviews with prostitute women in Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record—Senate S1349
    March 10, 2015 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1349 who voted against the invasion of Iraq. to themselves, but they responded— Sec. 103. Victim-centered child human traf- I never dreamed for one minute of when President Obama went to each of ficking deterrence block grant sending a letter to Saddam Hussein be- them and asked: Will you join us in im- program. fore that vote instructing him about posing sanctions, they agreed. That Sec. 104. Direct services for victims of child por- nography. the politics of America. It turns out made the sanctions far more effective. Sec. 105. Increasing compensation and restitu- that in the history of the Senate that If they think we are not serious, they tion for trafficking victims. has rarely, if ever, occurred. are going to be very tempted to ask: Sec. 106. Streamlining human trafficking inves- I hope now that those 47 Republican Why should we join you in supporting tigations. Senators will reflect on their actions sanctions in the future? If the United Sec. 107. Enhancing human trafficking report- and reflect on the impact it will have. States were alone in supporting sanc- ing. I hope the American people understand Sec. 108. Reducing demand for sex trafficking. tions, no matter what those sanctions Sec. 109. Sense of Congress. the President is embarking on a very are, it would not create any real pres- Sec. 110. Using existing task forces and compo- difficult and delicate mission to try to sure on Iran. nents to target offenders who ex- negotiate a verifiable end to the nu- Have we not made enough mistakes ploit children.
    [Show full text]
  • Factum of the Respondent, the Attorney General of Canada
    07-CV-329807PD1 ONTARIO SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE BETWEEN: TERRI JEAN BEDFORD, AMY LEBOVITCH, VALERIE SCOTT Applicants and ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA Respondent and ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ONTARIO Intervener FACTUM OF THE RESPONDENT, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA September 2, 2009 Department of Justice Ontario Regional Office The Exchange Tower 130 King Street West, Suite 3400 Toronto, Ontario M5X 1K6 Per: Michael H. Morris Gail Sinclair Julie Jai Roy Lee Tel: (416) 973-9704 / (416) 954-8109 (416) 973-2310 / (416) 952-2946 Fax: (416) 952-4518 Email: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Solicitor for the Respondent TO: Registrar Superior Court of Justice for Ontario 393 University Avenue 10th Floor Toronto, ON M5G 1E6 AND TO: Alan Young Osgoode Hall Law School York University 4700 Keele Street North York M3J 1P3 Counsel for the Applicant AND TO: STACEY NICHOLS Neuberger Rose LLP 1392 Eglinton Avenue West Toronto, ON M6C 3E4 Tel: 416-364-3111 Fax: 416-364-3271 Email: [email protected] Solicitor for the Applicant, Valerie Scott AND TO RON MARZEL Barrister & Solicitor 1170 Sheppard Ave West, Unit 10 Toronto, ON M3K 2A3 Tel: 416-485-5800 Fax: 416-485-1610 Solicitor for the Applicant, Amy Lebovitch AND TO: MINISTRY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL 20 Bay Street, 10th Floor Toronto, ON M5G 2K1 Per: Christine Bartlett-Hughes/Shelley Hallett Tel: 416-326-4639 Fax: 416-326-4656 Solicitor for the Intervener, Attorney General of Ontario i TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I – STATEMENT OF FACTS...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A STUDY of CANADA's CRIMINAL PROSTITUTION LAWS Report
    HOUSE OF COMMONS CANADA THE CHALLENGE OF CHANGE: A STUDY OF CANADA’S CRIMINAL PROSTITUTION LAWS Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights Art Hanger, M.P. Chair Report of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws John Maloney, M.P. Chair DECEMBER 2006 The Speaker of the House hereby grants permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part for use in schools and for other purposes such as private study, research, criticism, review or newspaper summary. Any commercial or other use or reproduction of this publication requires the express prior written authorization of the Speaker of the House of Commons. If this document contains excerpts or the full text of briefs presented to the Committee, permission to reproduce these briefs, in whole or in part, must be obtained from their authors. Also available on the Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire: http://www.parl.gc.ca Available from Communication Canada — Publishing, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 THE CHALLENGE OF CHANGE: A STUDY OF CANADA’S CRIMINAL PROSTITUTION LAWS Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights Art Hanger, M.P. Chair Report of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws John Maloney, M.P. Chair DECEMBER 2006 Membership of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights CHAIR Art Hanger VICE-CHAIRS Derek Lee Réal Ménard MEMBERS Larry Bagnell Sue Barnes Patrick Brown Joe Comartin Carole Freeman Rob Moore Brian Murphy Daniel Petit Myron Thompson Membership of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights
    [Show full text]
  • Criminalisation of Sex Work: a Human Rights Crisis in Canada and Beyond
    Criminalisation of sex work: A human rights crisis in Canada and beyond Glenn Betteridge Joanne Csete 1 Overview Human rights questions raised by legal approaches to sex work Human rights analysis of Canadian law related to sex work Recommendations for human rights-based approaches What can we do? 2 Legal approaches to regulation of sex work (1) Abolition Assumes all sex work is abusive, victimizing, enslaving; seeks eradication; repudiates person agency of sex workers Reflected in UN 1949 Trafficking Convention: all sex work should end and sex workers should be “saved” (Canada is not a party) Reflected in US policy: confounding of trafficking and sex work Rarely basis of national law per se 3 Legal approaches to regulation of sex work (2) Criminalisation: 3 approaches Act of prostitution illegal (China, Islamic republics, So Africa) Act of prostitution not illegal, but acts associated with it are, e.g. ¾ soliciting, procuring ¾ brothel-keeping, abetting brothel-keeping ¾ living off sex work earnings ¾ vagrancy, loitering, public nuisance, etc. (approach of Canada, India, UK, ex-USSR, many others – reflects in perverse way abolitionist idea of sex worker as victim) Criminalisation of buying but not selling sex (Sweden) 4 Legal approaches to regulation of sex work (3) Decriminalisation (New Zealand, Australia): also limited decriminalisation in ‘zones of tolerance,’ other circumstances Legalisation with regulation (Netherlands, Nevada in US): extensive health and other regulations and conditions of licensing may be abusive 5 Effect of criminalisation (greater detail later on Canada case) Greater stigma, marginalization, driving underground, opportunity for organised crime Greater risk of abuse by clients: less time to check out prospective clients Greater risk of abuse by police (widespread “subbotnik”) Unlikelihood of police protection for sex workers or prosecution of abusers of sex workers Inhibition of sex workers’ right to organise.
    [Show full text]
  • The Human Trafficking Crusade: a Content Analysis of Canadian Newspaper Articles
    The Human Trafficking Crusade: A Content Analysis of Canadian Newspaper Articles Shannon Fournier A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master’s degree in Globalization and International Development School of International Development and Global Studies Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa © Shannon Fournier, Ottawa, Canada, 2020 ii Abstract Although human trafficking was not a new concept, it gained increased attention across the United States and Canada in the first two decades of the 21st century. To better understand the Canadian anti-trafficking movement, this thesis analyzed the discourse on the topic in six local and national daily newspapers between 2008 and 2018. The goal of this thesis was to investigate the emergence of human trafficking as a social problem. Using social constructionism as a point of departure, a critical discourse analysis was conducted in NVivo of the quotes made by human trafficking experts in Canadian media. The results of this analysis suggest that an Unofficial Christian Coalition emerged in Canada, which – assisted by the media – led a moral crusade against human trafficking and pushed for the adoption of restrictive sex work legislation in Canada. Key words: human trafficking, sex trafficking, sex work, sex trade, prostitution iii Acknowledgement Throughout the writing of this thesis I have received a great deal of support and assistance. I would first like to thank my supervisor, Chris Bruckert, whose expertise was invaluable throughout every step of this process. Your support, guidance, and rigorous work ethic pushed me to be a better researcher and writer than I thought I could be.
    [Show full text]
  • LCJC-Issue15 1..312
    Second Session Deuxième session de la Forty-first Parliament, 2014-15 quarante et unième législature, 2014-2015 Proceedings of the Standing Délibérations du Comité Senate Committee on sénatorial permanent des Legal and Affaires juridiques Constitutional Affairs et constitutionnelles Chair: Président : The Honourable BOB RUNCIMAN L'honorable BOB RUNCIMAN Tuesday September 9, 2014 Le mardi 9 septembre 2014 Wednesday, September 10, 2014 Le mercredi 10 septembre 2014 Thursday, September 11, 2014 Le jeudi 11 septembre 2014 Issue No.15 Fascicule no 15 First, second and third meetings on: Première, deuxième et troisième réunions concernant : The subject-matter of Bill C-36, An Act to amend La teneur du projet de loi C-36, Loi modifiant the Criminal Code in response to the Supreme Court le Code criminel pour donner suite à la décision de of Canada decision in Attorney General la Cour suprême du Canada dans l'affaire Procureur of Canada v. Bedford and to make consequential général du Canada c. Bedford et apportant des amendments to other Acts modifications à d'autres lois en conséquence APPEARING: COMPARAÎT: The Honourable Peter MacKay, P.C., M.P., L'honorable Peter MacKay, C.P., député, ministre de la Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada Justice et procureur général du Canada WITNESSES: TÉMOINS : (See back cover) (Voir à l'endos) 51557-51558-51559 STANDING SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMITÉ SÉNATORIAL PERMANENT DES LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS AFFAIRES JURIDIQUES ET CONSTITUTIONNELLES The Honourable Bob Runciman, Chair Président : L'honorable Bob Runciman The Honourable George Baker, P.C., Deputy Chair Vice-président : L'honorable George Baker, C.P.
    [Show full text]
  • RDO 44.3 Int.Indd
    467 Equality & Incrementalism: The Role of Common Law Reasoning in Constitutional Rights Cases JULA HUGHES, VANESSA MACDONNELL AND KAREN PEARLSTON* It has been argued that the Charter of Rights and Free- Certains ont soutenu que la Charte canadiennes des droits doms ushered in a progressive new era in Canadian law. et libertés marquait l’avè ne ment d’une nouvelle ère This argument usually implies that the common law progressiste dans le droit canadien. Selon cet argu- remains a largely conser vative or stabilizing force in ment, on pourrait en déduire que la common law Canadian law, and that principled change under the demeure dans une large mesure une force conser- Charter holds more promise than the incrementalism of vatrice ou, du moins, stabilisante en droit canadien, the common law method. But progressives may also et que des changements fondés sur des principes de la be concerned that principled consti tutional change Charte semblent plus prometteurs que la méthode de carries its share of risks, inclu ding the risk that rapid, l’évolution graduelle propre à la common law, égale- large-scale consti tutional change could be met with ment connue sous le nom de « incrémentalisme ». backlash from government and from citizens, and that Toutefois, les progressistes peuvent également crain- the interests sought to be advanced through constitu- dre qu’un changement constitutionnel fondé sur des tional litigation might ultimately be worse off. In this principes comporte sa part de risques, notamment paper we argue that courts may at times be justified celui qu’un changement constitutionnel rapide et à in adopting an incre mental approach to constitutional grande échelle subisse un contrecoup de la part du cases, but only if that approach is infused with the gouvernement et des citoyens et que les intérêts que Charter value of substantive equality.
    [Show full text]
  • The Challenge of Change: a Study of Canada's Criminal Prostitution Laws
    HOUSE OF COMMONS CANADA THE CHALLENGE OF CHANGE: A STUDY OF CANADA’S CRIMINAL PROSTITUTION LAWS Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights Art Hanger, M.P. Chair Report of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws John Maloney, M.P. Chair DECEMBER 2006 The Speaker of the House hereby grants permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part for use in schools and for other purposes such as private study, research, criticism, review or newspaper summary. Any commercial or other use or reproduction of this publication requires the express prior written authorization of the Speaker of the House of Commons. If this document contains excerpts or the full text of briefs presented to the Committee, permission to reproduce these briefs, in whole or in part, must be obtained from their authors. Also available on the Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire: http://www.parl.gc.ca Available from Communication Canada — Publishing, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 THE CHALLENGE OF CHANGE: A STUDY OF CANADA’S CRIMINAL PROSTITUTION LAWS Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights Art Hanger, M.P. Chair Report of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws John Maloney, M.P. Chair DECEMBER 2006 Membership of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights CHAIR Art Hanger VICE-CHAIRS Derek Lee Réal Ménard MEMBERS Larry Bagnell Sue Barnes Patrick Brown Joe Comartin Carole Freeman Rob Moore Brian Murphy Daniel Petit Myron Thompson Membership of the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights
    [Show full text]
  • Sex, Work, Rights: Reforming Canadian Criminal Laws on Prostitution
    Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network Sex, work, rights: reforming Canadian criminal laws on prostitution reforming Canadian criminal laws on prostitution Sex, work, rights: Sex, work, rights: reforming Canadian criminal laws on prostitution Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network July 2005 Sex, work, rights: reforming Canadian criminal laws on prostitution Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network For further information about this publication, please contact: Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network 1240 Bay St., Suite 600 Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5R 2A7 Tel: 416 595-1666 Fax: 416 595-0094 Email: [email protected] Website: www.aidslaw.ca Further copies can be retrieved at www.aidslaw.ca or obtained through the Canadian HIV/AIDS Information Centre (www.aidssida.cpha.ca) © 2005 Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network Canadian cataloguing in publication data ISBN 1-896735-56-8 Authorship note This report was written by Glenn Betteridge. Joanne Csete contributed to the review of the public health and social science literature regarding prostitution, sex workers and HIV/AIDS. This report was reviewed by a number of outside reviewers, and by Joanne Csete, Richard Elliott, and Richard Pearshouse on behalf of the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network. Acknowledgments Derek McKee provided invaluable research assistance as a summer law student intern at the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network. Thanks to David Garmaise for copyediting the English text, Jean Dussault and Josée Dussault for translating the English text into French, and Oblik Communications for graphic design. Funding for this publication was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors/researchers and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Public Health Agency of Canada.
    [Show full text]