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K E Y Native Plant Recommendations

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K E Y Native Plant Recommendations FERNS Nthern maidenhair fern Adiantum pedatum Don’t remove plants from the wild. Ebony spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron Taking wild plants devastates native plant Native Plant Recommendations Lady fern Athyrium felix-femina Common name Scientific name type light water Common name Scientific name type light water Hay-scented fern Dennstaedtia punctilobula populations and often the plants removed do Marginal wood fern Dryopteris marginalis Sensitive fern Onoclea sensibilis not survive in backyards. Cinnamon fern Osmunda cinnamomea Interrupted fern Osmunda claytoniana small tree (up to 25 feet) low shrub (under 4 feet) Royal fern Osmunda regalis Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides Serviceberry Amelanchier arborea D New Jersey tea Ceanothus americanus D New York fern Thelypteris noveboracensis *Devils-walking stick Aralia spinosa D Sweetfern Comptonia peregrina D Netted chain fern Woodwardia areolata Basics About Using Native Plants Paw paw Asimina triloba D Wild hydrangea Hydrangea arborescens D Maximize your success by matching the right plants American hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana D Shrubby St. John’s wort Hypericum prolificum D with the right site conditions. Do your homework before Chinquapin Castanea pumila D Drooping leucothoe Leucothoe fontanesiana E GRASSES AND SEDGES Eastern redbud Cercis canadensis D Carolina rose Rosa carolina D Swamp rose Rosa palustris D Big bluestem Andropogon gerardii planting: Fringe tree Chionanthus virginicus D Broomsedge Andropogon virginicus Pagoda dogwood Cornus alternifolia D Cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon E River cane Arundinaria gigantea Assess the available light, moisture, and soil pH at Flowering dogwood Cornus florida D Lowbush blueberry Vaccinium pallidum D Pennsylvania sedge Carex pensylvanica Maple-leaf viburnum Viburnum acerifolium D Plantain-leaved sedge Carex plantaginea your planting site. Washington hawthorn Crataegus phaenopyrum D River oats Chasmanthium latifolium Persimmon Diospyros virginiana D Have your soil tested to learn the pH and if the soil Oat grass Danthonia compressa Wild Bleeding Heart Carolina silverbell Halesia carolina D Bottle brush grass Elymus hystrix needs to be improved. Common witch-hazel Hamamelis virginiana D Switch-grass Panicum virgatum Little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium American holly Ilex opaca E mid-size shrub (4 feet to 10 feet) Choose native plants that match your site conditions. Indian grass Sorghastrum nutans GROUND COVERS Eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana E Eastern gamma grass Tripsacum dactyloides Use this list as a guide. Red chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia D Umbrella tree Magnolia tripetala D Black chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa D Pussy’s toes Antennaria plantaginifolia Hop-hornbeam Ostrya virginiana D Wild ginger Asarum canadense Remember, landscaping with native plants is art imitating Sweetshrub Calycanthus floridus D MOSAIC FOR FULL SUN Sourwood Oxydendrum arboreum D Green-and-gold Chrysogonum virginianum Cinnamonbark Clethra acuminata D Butterfly-milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Lobed tickseed Coreopsis auriculata nature. For ideas, look to nearby natural areas to observe Hop tree Ptelea trifoliata D Silky dogwood Cornus amomum D New England aster Aster novae angliae Wild strawberry Fragaria virginiana how native plants occur naturally. American plum Prunus americana D Rigid whitetop aster Symphyotrichum retroflexum Wintergreen Gaultheria procumbens Hazelnut Corylus americana D Little brown jugs Hexastylis arifolia Pin cherry Prunus pensylvanica D Sthrn bush-honeysuckle Diervilla sessilifolia D Hairy coreopsis Coreopsis pubescens *Common sassafras Sassafras albidum D Joe-Pye weed Eupatorium fistulosum Dwarf crested iris Iris cristata Hearts-a-bustin Euonymus americanus D Dense blazing star Liatris spicata Partridge berry Mitchella repens Blackhaw viburnum Viburnum rufidulum D The Invasive Plant Dilemma Large fothergilla Fothergilla major D Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis Allegheny spurge Pachysandra procumbens Scarlet bee balm Monarda didyma Fernleaf phacelia Phacelia bipinnatifida A very small number of nonnative plants have become Dense St. John's wort Hypericum densiflorum D Hairy phlox Phlox amoena Common winterberry Ilex verticillata D Wild blue phlox Phlox divaricata highly invasive and destructive. These are plants that Blackeyed susan Rudbeckia hirta Wild blue phlox Phlox divaricata Virginia sweetspire Itea virginica D Creeping phlox Phlox stolonifera Mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia E Narrowleaved silkgrass Pityopis graminifolia have been accidentally or deliberately introduced by large tree (over 25 feet) Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides Spicebush Lindera benzoin D people. The natural controls, such as disease and insects, Red maple Acer rubrum D Oconee bells Shortia galacifolia Sweet azalea Rhododendron aborescens D Blue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium mucronatum Sugar maple Acer saccharum D that normally kept these plants “in check” in their home- Flame azalea Rhododendron calendulaceum D Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia Yellow buckeye Aesculus flava D Yellow-root Xanthorhiza simplicissima Yellow birch Betula allegheniensis Carolina rhododendron Rhododendron carolinianum E land do not exist here. This gives these invasive plants an D Catawba rhododendron Rhododendron catawbiense E Sweet birch Betula lenta D Pinxter azalea Rhododendron periclymenoides D advantage, making it easy for them to grow out of control River birch Betula nigra D Pinkshell azalea Rhododendron vaseyi E Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis D and take over the habitat of other plants. These invasions *Elderberry Sambucus canadensis D Pignut hickory Carya glabra D *Coral berry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus D affect native wildlife and insects, too. The balance and Yellowwood Cladrastis kentukea D *Nthrn highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum D diversity of our mountain environment will decline as American beech Fagus grandifolia D Deerberry Vaccinium stamineum D WILDFLOWERS Tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera D these invasive plants continue to spread. Some of the Hobblebush Viburnum alnifolium D Doll’s eyes Actaea pachypoda Cucumber tree Magnolia acuminata D Witherod viburnum Viburnum cassinoides D Carolina phlox Phlox carolina invasive plants considered most destructive are: Black tupelo Nyssa sylvatica D Eastern blue star Amsonia tabernaemontana Sycamore Platanus occidentalis D Thimbleweed Anemone viginiana Red spruce Picea rubens E Wild columbine Aquilegia canadensis Green dragon Arisaema dracontium Japanese honeysuckle – Lonicera japonica *Black cherry Prunus serotina D Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum White oak Quercus alba D large shrub (over 10 feet) Goat’s beard Aruncus dioicus Berberis thunbergii Swamp milkweed Asclepias incarnata Japanese barberry* – Chestnut oak Quercus montana D *Tag alder Alnus serrulata D Northern red oak Quercus rubra D Butterfly milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Japanese spirea – Spiraea japonica Mountain winterberry Ilex montana D White wood aster Aster divaricatus Post oak Quercus stellata D Mock orange Philadelphus inodorus D Late purple aster Aster patens Autumn-olive – Elaegnus umbellata American basswood Tilia americana D Rosebay rhododendron Rhododendron maximum E Wild Columbine False goatsbeard Astilbe biternata Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis E *Smooth sumac Rhus glabra D Wild indigo Baptisia tinctoria Blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides Chinese Silvergrass* – Miscanthus sinensis Carolina hemlock Tsuga caroliniana E *Silky willow Salix sericea D Pink turtlehead Chelone lyonii *Arrowwood Viburnum dentatum D MOSAIC FOR SHADE Black cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa Multiflora rose –Rosa multiflora Coreopsis Coreopsis pubescens Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum Bleeding heart Dicentra eximia Tree of heaven – Ailanthus altissima Wild ginger Asarum canadense Shooting star Dodecatheon meadia Trout lily Erythronium americanum Joe-Pye weed Eupatorium fistulosum Sharp-lobed hepatica Hepatica acutiloba Wild geranium Geranium maculatum Princess tree – Paulownia tomentosa LIGHT TYPE vine Alumroot Heuchera americana Resindot sunflower Helianthus resinosus Partridge berry Mitchella repens = full sun D = deciduous Dutchman’s pipe Aristolochia macrophylla D Sharp-lobed hepatica Hepatica acutiloba Oriental bittersweet – Celastrus orbiculatus Cinnamon fern Osmunda cinnamomea Alumroot Heuchera americana = part sun E = evergreen Crossvine Bignonia capreolata E Smooth Solomon’s seal Polygonatum biflorum Jewelweed Impatiens capensis Chinese yam – Dioscorea batatas, D. oppositifolia, K = shade Trumpet creeper Campsis radicans D Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides Blazing star Liatris spicata Virgin’s bower Clematis virginiana D Oconee bells Shortia galacifolia Turks-cap lily Lilium superbum D. bulbifera Climbing hydrangea Decumaria barbara D Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis Blue lobelia Lobelia puberula SOIL MOISTURE Coral honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens D Great lobelia Lobelia siphilitica Ligustrum sinense, L. obtusifolium
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